DESIGN of

BRIDGE

8cm
Asphalt

20cm
STRINGER R.C.slab

stringer

(1) a
Asphalt
R.C. slab

8cm
20cm
stringer
cross section
a a sec(1-1)
 Asphalt layer =8Cm
RC slab =22Cm

Steel 44 , Spacing between X.G =3.2m

Major road
0.5
1.5 2 3 2
ADTT>2500

Detail category to be A
• Dead Load Calculation Asphalt layer =8Cm
RC slab =22Cm

WD.L = O.W + R.C Wt. + Asphalt Wt.

= 0.05 + 2.5*[ 0.22*2.50 + 0.08*2.15]

WD.L = 1.85 t/m`

0.5
2 3 2
1.85t/m
1.5

S=3.2m

QD.L=W*L/2
MD.L=W*L2/8

MD.L=2.3 t.m QD.L=2.9 t

• Live Load Calculation Asphalt layer =8Cm
RC slab =22Cm
RA = 15*(0.25+0.83) + 10*(0.50)
=21 ton
A B
WA= 0.9*(1+0.835)+0.25*0.67
= 1.82 t/m`
21 t 21 t
RA& WA
1.82t/m
C 0.5
0.90 m 0.30 m 1.5
15 T
2 15 T
310T 2
3.2m
0.5 0.5
ML.L=24.30 t.m 0.5 0.5
1.5 1.5
0.9t/m2 0.25t/m2
1.82t/m

0.25
3.2m 0.67 0.50

1 0.83
QL.L=37 t
• Straining action using I.L

21 t 21 t 21 t 21 t
1.82t/m 1.82t/m

0.70m 0.90m 0.30m 1.3m

3.2m
S=3.2m
y=1.9m S-y= 1.3m

X X1 X
1

X=0.625 0.7 𝑦∗(𝑆−𝑦) 1.9∗1.3

X1= *0.77=0.28 X= = = 0.77
1.9 𝑆 3.2

ML.L=21*(1+0.625) + 1.82*(0.5*3.2*1) = 37t ML.L=21*(0.77+0.28) + 1.82*(0.5*3.2*0.77) = 24.3t.m

• Fatigue Loading Calculation (P*0.70 & W*0.30)

RAF = 0.7 * 21= 14.7 t WAF= 0.3 * 1.82 = 0.55 t/m`

14.7 t 14.7 t 14.7 t 14.7 t

0.55t/m 0.55t/m

3.2m 3.2m

ML.LF=16.21 t.m QL.LF=26.8 t

• Straining action in case of a continuous beam
0.75M 0.75M

0.2L

0.90M 0.80M
L

MDes=0.90*(MDL+MLL) t.m
• Design of Simple supported Stringer as Hot-Rolled Section
1. Section Choice:
𝑀𝐷𝑒𝑠
Zx-req=
𝑓𝑎𝑙𝑙
26.75∗100
Zx-req= = 1492.75 𝑐𝑚3
0.64∗2.8

Choose section
I.P.E #450
• Design of Stringer as Hot-Rolled Section

2. Section Classification:
𝐶𝑓 =6.93 = 4.75 < 10.1
𝑡𝑓 1.46
Compact section
𝑑𝑤𝑒𝑏 =37.8 = 40.21 < 75.89
𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑏 0.94 Fall=0.64*2.8
`
3. Check Lateral Torsion Buckling (LTB): =1.8t/cm2

Lu = zero due to R.C

Slab; Hence no L.T.B
R.C.slab

cross girder str

ing
(X.G.) er
• Design of Stringer as Hot-Rolled Section

4. Check Flexure Stress:

𝑀𝐷𝑒𝑠 26.75∗100
Fact = = =1.78 < fall O.K Section is safe
𝑍𝑥.𝑎𝑐𝑡 1500 against flexure stress
5. Check Shear Stress:
• Check buckling shear first:
dw 105
 2.6.3.2(p14) ECP Shear buckling of web
tw Fy
𝑑𝑤𝑒𝑏 =37.8 = 40.21<62.75 No buckling shear and
q = 0.35*F = 0.98t/cm2
𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑏 0.94 all y

• Check shear:
𝑄𝐷𝑒𝑠 39 Section is safe
qact = = = 0.94 < qall O.K against shear stress
𝐴𝑤𝑒𝑏 42.3
• Design of Stringer as Hot-Rolled Section

6. Check Fatigue Stress:

𝑀𝑀𝑎𝑥 −𝑀𝑀𝑖𝑛
• Actual Stress Range : from the calculated loads Fsr.atc =
𝑍𝑥.𝑎𝑐𝑡

18.51−2.3 ∗100
Fsratc = = 1.08 t/cm2
1500

Mf-min=MD.L=2.3 t.m

Actual Stress Range

Mf-max=MD.L+ML.LF=2.3+16.21= 18.51 t.m
• Design of Stringer as Hot-Rolled Section

• Stress Range from Code: from given data in 1st slide Fsrall=1.68t/cm2
• Design of Stringer as Hot-Rolled Section

6. Check Fatigue Stress:

Fsratc = 1.08 t/cm2

Section is safe
against fatigue stress

Fsrall = 1.68 𝑡/𝑐𝑚2