Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

What I Need to Know

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Words have different meanings depending on context – this is true when it comes to the
English language, especially when you take into consideration how many words it has “borrowed”
from other languages. Zest for Progress
Z Peal of artnership
This is why, it is important to address the issue of not only knowing, but recognizing how

ENGLISH
some of these words work. The main challenge in this topic is recognizing the context that surrounds
the words or meanings it may take within the context it is presented.

This lesson will help the learner recognize the expanded meaning of a word in which it may
Quarter 4 – Module 3
take through the use of adjectives, affixes, and contextual clues.
Expanded
This module contains a lesson Definition
that will lead you to: of Words
Learning Competency: Give the expanded definitions of words.

(EN10V-IIIa-13.9)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 State the correct expanded definition of words using adjectives and affixes; and
 Use expanded words in sentences.

What I Know

Activity: Fill me
Directions: Read the supplied definition for each item. Your task is to supply the missing letters in order to
complete the word which is defined in each item. The letters available for each set are given as clues.

e d
1. Name of- toLearner:
become greater___________________________
in extend.

Grade & Section: ___________________________

f t
0
Name of School: ___________________________
2. - the action or the process of stating the meaning of a
word.

3. c x - the parts of something written or spoken that immediately precede

and follow a word or passage and clarify its meaning.

4. o u - an educational unit which covers a single subject or topic.

o d
5. - a brief remark or conversation.

Activity 2: Think Me
Directions: Form at least 10 derivations from the source word given below.
Example:
Source Word: beautiful

Derived Words Meaning

1. bat - a small flying mammal.

2. beat - to mix by stirring.

3. fault - fracture in the crust of the planet.

4. tale - a narrative of an event.

Start here:

Source word – pandemic

Derived Words Meaning

1
 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

What’s In
Activity 3: The World of Word Expansion

Directions: Study the highlighted portion of the word (affixes) as well as the context of the sentence to help
you complete its meaning.
Example: When you exhale, you breathe air outwards.
1. A circumnavigator is someone who has sailed _________ the world.
2. A teacher is someone _________ teaches the learners.
3. John is ________ with generosity. He is a generous person.
4. Submerged cameras allow people to see _________ the water.
5. Please return my pen, Richard. I need it __________.

What’s New
Activity 4
Directions: Read the poem below titled Song of Autumn by French author Charles Baudelaire and translated
to English by William Aggeler. Fill in the table by listing down five (5) adjectives taken from the poem.
Underline the suffix in each word, then use it in a sentence. An example is provided for your guide.

Song of Autumn

Soon we shall plunge into the cold darkness;

Farewell, vivid brightness of our short-lived summers!
2 Already I hear the dismal sound of firewood
Falling with a clatter on the courtyard pavements.

All winter will possess my being: wrath,

 I love the greenish light of your long eyes,
Sweet beauty, but today all to me is bitter;
Nothing, neither you love, your boudoir, nor your hearth
Is worth as much as the sunlight on the sea.

Yet, love me, tender hearth be a mother,

Even to an ingrate, even to a scapegrace;
Mistress or sister, be the fleeting sweetness
Of a gorgeous autumn or of a setting sun.

Short task! The tomb awaits; it is avid!

Ah! Let me, with my head bowed on your knees,
Taste the sweet, yellow rays of the end of autumn,
While I mourn for the white, torrid summer!

Example:
1. bountiful - We should be thankful with the bountiful blessings from above.
Adjectives with suffixes Sentences
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3
 What Is It

An extended definition may explain the word’s etymology or historical roots, describes sensory
characteristics of something (how it looks, feels, sounds, taste, smells), identifies its parts, indicates
how something is used, explains what it is not used, provides an example of it, and/or notes similarities
or differences between this term and other words or things.
Expanded or extended definition of words recognizes the meaning a word may take through the
use of contextual clues, adjectives, and affixes.

What are context clues?

Context clues provide further information about a word or phrase that helps readers understand
its meaning. These clues offer insight – either directly or indirectly - into the portion of text that is
difficult to understand.

Example:
Word: idyllic
Clues: sunny, warm, and perfect for a walk in the park.
Sentence: It was an idyllic day.

What is an adjective?

Adjectives are words that modify or clearly define the nouns and pronouns to use in your speaking
and writing. You can usually tell whether a word is an adjective if it answers the questions what kind,
how many, or which one.

Adjectives may derive from nouns. Salty, mountainous, and colorful are adjectives derived
from nouns. It may become an adjective simply by being used to describe another noun as in salty
water, mountainous area, and colorful flowers.
Words a, an, and the are special adjectives called articles. The is the definite article. It points
out one specific person, place, thing, or idea. A and an are indefinite articles. They are less specific.

Examples: Hand me the pen, please. (one specific pen)

Hand me a pen, please. (any pen)

A List of Adjectives

angry chubby noisy

bad cloudy odd

4 big clumsy quiet

bitter deadly rare

black dense smart

 bland

However, sometimes an ending such as – an, -ian, -n, -ese, or ish is added to a noun to make it adjective.

What are affixes?

Affixes are a set of letters/syllables generally added at the beginning or end of a root word to modify
its meaning. The two main types of affixes are prefixes and suffixes.

Prefix is a syllable/word part that may be added at the beginning of a base word or root word.
Example:

Root word = touch

Prefix = un
New word = untouch

Suffix is a syllable/word part that may be added after the base word or root word.

Example:

Root word = touch

Suffix = able
New word = touchable

AFFIXES

Root Prefixes New Meaning Root Suffixes New Word Meaning

Word Word Word

social anti- anti- against suit/ -able, ible suitable/ can be done

social reverse reversible

cycle bi- bicycle two intern/ -al, -ail internal/ related to,

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 curt curtail like

rail de- derail opposite invent -ed invented past tense

place dis- displace not, moist -en moisten made of

opposite

of

formal/ in, im- informal/ in/not paint/far -er, -est painter/ more, one

proper improper farthest who

school inter- interscho between harm -ful, -y harmful/ full of

ol harmfully

summer mid- midsum middle child -ish childish somewhat

mer like or near

communi mis- miscomm wrongly sense -less senseless without

cate unicate

swimmer non- non- not part -ly partly a certain

swimmer way

heat pre- pre-heat before danger -ous dangerous filled with

use re- reuse again dry -ness dryness being/with

circle semi- semi- half key/fox -s, -es keys/foxes more than

circle one

sequence sub- subseque under act -ion action act of

nce

settled un- unsettled not content -ment contentment combination

of being

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 What’s More
Activity 5: A Closer Glance at Word
Directions: Recall the poem titled Song of Autumn in Activity 4. In order to understand the poem clearly,
study how the writer developed the overall style of the poem by filling in the blank with the correct affixes
in the following sentences. Use the clue found after each statement.

1. The season in “Autumn Song” represents the current physic__ and mental state of the poet.
(Clue:related to)
2. The warm of summer is represented as happi___ and joy for the poet. (Clue:being/with)
3. The winter signals coldness and dark____. (Clue: being/with)
4. Summer mean_ happiness and joy. (Clue: more than one)
5. Winter usual__ is a period of inactivity. (Clue: a certain way)

Activity 6: Let’s Do the T-W-I-S-T

Directions: Use the highlighted keyword as well as the general context of the sentence to help determine
what word is missing. Write your answers on the space provided.

Example: In order to make the air pure from contaminants, we have to purify it.

1. If a body part or an organ is affected by the cancer cells, it can be classified as __________.

2. If you can predict his actions, then he is quite __________.

3. The gradual slope will _________ become harder to climb.

4. The only way for you to stop their _________ before it starts is to discourage them to argue in the first
place.

5. If being punctual is a good thing, then _________ is a virtue.

Activity 7: Stretch the Word

Directions: Use the given words/phrases in a sentence by using adjectives and words with affixes found in
the word pool. Write the word/s on the space provided.

Example: The women wore long flowing dresses.

enchanted beautiful changeable joyful

crowded provided govern

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 1. A journey beneath a rig is an excursion to an _______________ realm.

2. You have the sweetest and most ____________ smile.

3. The terms of this contract are _____________.

4. The news of the child’s safe return made us all ____________.

5. The beach was so ___________ with people.

What I Have Learned

Activity 8: Mystery words
Directions: Match the definitions in column B with the words in column A. Write only the letter of your
choice on the space provided before each item.

Column A Column B
_____1. Expanded definition A. A group of letters added the beginning of the root word.
_____2. Adjectives B. Points out one specific person, place, thing or idea.
_____3. Affixes C. A set of letters added to the beginning or end of the root
word.
_____4. Definite articles D. The morphological component of a word that contributes
to its most basic meaning.
_____5. Prefixes E. A word use to modify a noun or a pronoun.
F. A word that can take different meanings depending on
the context.

What I Can Do
Activity 9: Check it out
Directions: Add a prefix and a suffix to each root word to form new word. Use the new word in a sentence.
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 Ex: un + doubt + ed Sentence: Emma was undoubted about what happened yesterday.

prefix root word suffix new word sentence

plan
charge
button
infect
fortunate

Activity 10: Do as I Say

Directions: Fill in any of the missing base part using the following given suffixes to form new words. See
the example.

Example Suffix Adjective

nation -al national

1. -ed
2. -less
3. -en
4. -ary
5. -ate
6. -ful
7. -ly
8. -ent
9. -ory
10. -some

Assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully, and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

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1. Which of the following words can either mean a season or the act of rapidly moving downwards?
A. Fall
B. Spring
C. Summer
D. Winter

2. What is an expanded definition of words?

A. A word that can provide factual information
B. A word that can take different meaning depending on the context
C. A word that can use to expand an idea
D. A word that can connect thoughts and opinions

3. When do we use a definite article in a sentence?

A. We use it to tell something about a point of view of a person.
B. We use it to give specific information about things.
C. We use it to point out one specific person, place, thing or idea.
D. We use it to follow specific rules and guidelines.

4. How can we identify if the word is an adjective?

A. If it describes a verb and adverb
B. If it describes a noun or pronoun
C. If it describes a preposition
D. If it describes a conjunction

5. What do we call the words a, an and the?

A. Predicate adjective
B. Demonstrative adjective
C. Comparative adjective
D. Special adjective articles

6. Which among the choices is NOT an adjective?

A. An
B. Tall
C. Cabin
D. Old
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7. When a set of letters added at the beginning or end of a base word to modify its meaning, we call it
_________.
A. affix
B. prefix
C. suffix
D. infix

8. Which of the following words is an example of an affix?

A. Cycle
B. International
C. Monologue
D. Sorrowful

9. What word is used to describe or modify a noun or a pronoun?

A. Adverb
B. Verb
C. Affix
D. Adjective

10. When a set of letters added at the end of the root word, we call it ________.
A. Prefix
B. Suffix
C. Infix
D. Affix

Additional Activity
(Optional)

Directions: Give the complete word for each item by studying the highlighted portion of the sentence as
well as its general context. Use all clues available to complete the word fragment.

1. Below-grade materials are often referred to as __________ standard in quality.

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 2. People in a __________ cession move forward.

3. ______scopic issues that involve many factors are generally hard to tackle.

4. Software designed to destroy computer viruses are known as ______viruses.

5. If you have the link between the agencies, you are _____connected

ANSWER KEY
What I Know Activity 6: Activity 7:

Activity 1 Fill me Let’s Do the T-W-I-S-T Stretch the Word

1. Expanded 1. cancerous 1. enchanted

2. Definition 2. predictable 2. beautiful
3. Context 3. gradually 3. changeable
4. Module 4. argument 4. joyful
5. Word 5. punctuality 5. crowded

Activity 2 Think me Pandemic What I Have Learned

Activity 8: Mystery words
1. pan 1. f
2. dame 2. e
3. name 3. c
4. came 4. b
5. mice 5. a
6. made What I Can Do
7. dime Activity 9: Check it out (Possible Answers)
8. aim
9. and prefix root word suffix new word sentence
10. dim pre plan ing preplanning
re charge ing recharging
What’s In
un button ed unbuttoned
Activity 3 The World dis infect ed disinfected
un fortunate ly unfortunately
of Word Expansion
Activity 10: Do As I Say
1. around Answers may vary.
2. who
3. filled with Assessment
4. under 1. A
12 2. B
5. back
3. C
What’s New 4. B
5. D
Activity 4: Try Your Hand 6. C
References:

Blog Entry

Charles Baudelaire, “Song of Autumn”, FleursDuMal.org, 2021, https://fleursdumal.org/

Book
Almonte, Liza R., Flandez, Lerma L., Hermosa, Angelina Lourdes, Nedia Lagustan, Liberty A.
Mangaluz, Elenita R. Miranda, Paul Anthony B. Mendoza, Lito A. Palomar, Grace B. Annette
Barradas-Soriano, and Karen B. Villanueva, Celebrating Diversity through World Literature. Pasig
City: Rex Book Store, Inc. 2015, 273, 297, 299, 371-318, 323, 352, 354, 373, 376, 384,

Glatthorn Allan A and Brenda C Rosen, Littell English, Evanston,III: McDougal:Littell, 1990.
Online Sources

“Example Articles & Resources.”. Accessed February 3, 2021,

https://examples.yourdictionary.com

“Teaching Resources & Strategies for K-12.”, 2021, TeacherVision. Accessed February 3, 2021.
https://www.teachervision.com.

“ThoughtCo1’, Allen Grove, Ph.D., et al, accessed February 2, 2021, https://www.thoughtco.com.

DEVELOPMENT TEAM
Writers: Expedita C. Sigarra, Basilan National High School
Aubrey D.R. Talaver, Malamawi National High School
Editor:
Language Editor:
Proofreader: Violeta M. Sta. Elena, EPS
Illustrators:
Layout Artist: Joyce Ethel L. Sienes
Management Team:
Julieto H. Fernandez, Ed. D., CESO VI
SDS-Isabela City
Maria Laarni T. Villanueva, Ed. D., CESE
ASDS-Isabela City
Henry R. Tura, CID Chief
Elsa A. Usman, LR Supervisor
Helen De Leon, EPS-English, Module Coordinator

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 Region IX: Zamboanga Peninsula Hymn – Our Eden Land
Here the trees and flowers bloom Gallant men And Ladies fair
Here the breezes gently Blow, Linger with love and care
Here the birds sing Merrily, Golden beams of sunrise and sunset
The liberty forever Stays, Are visions you’ll never forget
Oh! That’s Region IX
Here the Badjaos roam the seas Hardworking people Abound,
Here the Samals live in peace Every valleys and Dale
Here the Tausogs thrive so free Zamboangueños, Tagalogs, Bicolanos,
With the Yakans in unity
My Final Farewell
Farewell, dear Fatherland, clime of the sun caress'd
Pearl of the Orient seas, our Eden lost!,
Gladly now I go to give thee this faded life's best,
And were it brighter, fresher, or more blest
Still would I give it thee, nor count the cost.
On the field of battle, 'mid the frenzy of fight,
Others have given their lives, without doubt or heed;
The place matters not-cypress or laurel or lily white,
Scaffold or open plain, combat or martyrdom's plight,
T is ever the same, to serve our home and country's need.
I die just when I see the dawn break,
Through the gloom of night, to herald the day;
And if color is lacking my blood thou shalt take,
Pour'd out at need for thy dear sake
To dye with its crimson the waking ray.
My dreams, when life first opened to me,
My dreams, when the hopes of youth beat high,
Were to see thy lov'd face, O gem of the Orient sea
From gloom and grief, from care and sorrow free;
No blush on thy brow, no tear in thine eye.
Dream of my life, my living and burning desire,
All hail ! cries the soul that is now to take flight;
All hail ! And sweet it is for thee to expire ;
To die for thy sake, that thou mayst aspire;
And sleep in thy bosom eternity's long night.
If over my grave some day thou seest grow,
In the grassy sod, a humble flower,
Draw it to thy lips and kiss my soul so,
While I may feel on my brow in the cold tomb below
The touch of thy tenderness, thy breath's warm power.
Let the moon beam over me soft and serene,
Let the dawn shed over me its radiant flashes,
Let the wind with sad lament over me keen ;
And if on my cross a bird should be seen,
Let it trill there its hymn of peace to my ashes.
I Am a Filipino, by Carlos P. Romulo
I am a Filipino–inheritor of a glorious past, hostage to the uncertain
future. As such I must prove equal to a two-fold task–the task of
meeting my responsibility to the past, and the task of performing my
obligation to the future.
I sprung from a hardy race, child many generations removed of
ancient Malayan pioneers. Across the centuries the memory comes
rushing back to me: of brown-skinned men putting out to sea in
ships that were as frail as their hearts were stout. Over the sea I see
them come, borne upon the billowing wave and the whistling wind,
carried upon the mighty swell of hope–hope in the free abundance of
new land that was to be their home and their children’s forever.
I am a Filipino. In my blood runs the immortal seed of heroes–seed
that flowered down the centuries in deeds of courage and defiance.
In my veins yet pulses the same hot blood that sent Lapulapu to
battle against the first invader of this land, that nerved Lakandula in
the combat against the alien foe, that drove Diego Silang and
Dagohoy into rebellion against the foreign oppressor.
The seed I bear within me is an immortal seed. It is the mark of my
manhood, the symbol of dignity as a human being. Like the seeds
that were once buried in the tomb of Tutankhamen many thousand
years ago, it shall grow and flower and bear fruit again. It is the
insignia of my race, and my generation is but a stage in the
unending search of my people for freedom and happiness.
Cebuanos, Ilocanos, Subanons, Boholanos, Ilongos,
All of them are proud and true
Region IX our Eden Land
Region IX
Our..
Eden...
Land...
Let the sun draw the vapors up to the sky,
And heavenward in purity bear my tardy protest
Let some kind soul o 'er my untimely fate sigh,
And in the still evening a prayer be lifted on high
From thee, 0 my country, that in God I may rest.
Pray for all those that hapless have died,
For all who have suffered the unmeasur'd pain;
For our mothers that bitterly their woes have cried,
For widows and orphans, for captives by torture tried
And then for thyself that redemption thou mayst gain
And when the dark night wraps the graveyard around
With only the dead in their vigil to see
Break not my repose or the mystery profound
And perchance thou mayst hear a sad hymn resound
'T is I, O my country, raising a song unto thee.
And even my grave is remembered no more
Unmark'd by never a cross nor a stone
Let the plow sweep through it, the spade turn it o'er
That my ashes may carpet earthly floor,
Before into nothingness at last they are blown.
Then will oblivion bring to me no care
As over thy vales and plains I sweep;
Throbbing and cleansed in thy space and air
With color and light, with song and lament I fare,
Ever repeating the faith that I keep.
My Fatherland ador'd, that sadness to my sorrow lends
Beloved Filipinas, hear now my last good-by!
I give thee all: parents and kindred and friends
For I go where no slave before the oppressor bends,
Where faith can never kill, and God reigns e'er on high!
Farewell to you all, from my soul torn away,
Friends of my childhood in the home dispossessed!
Give thanks that I rest from the wearisome day!
Farewell to thee, too, sweet friend that lightened my way;
Beloved creatures all, farewell! In death there is rest!
I am a Filipino, child of the marriage of the East and the West. The
East, with its languor and mysticism, its passivity and endurance,
was my mother, and my sire was the West that came thundering
across the seas with the Cross and Sword and the Machine. I am of
the East, an eager participant in its spirit, and in its struggles for
liberation from the imperialist yoke. But I also know that the East
must awake from its centuried sleep, shake off the lethargy that has
bound his limbs, and start moving where destiny awaits.
I am a Filipino, and this is my inheritance. What pledge shall I give
that I may prove worthy of my inheritance? I shall give the pledge that
has come ringing down the corridors of the centuries, and it shall be
compounded of the joyous cries of my Malayan forebears when first
they saw the contours of this land loom before their eyes, of the battle
cries that have resounded in every field of combat from Mactan to
Tirad Pass, of the voices of my people when they sing:
“I am a Filipino born to freedom, and I shall not rest until freedom
shall have been added unto my inheritance—for myself and my
children and my children’s children—forever.”
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