Grade 4 and 5 English

Common and Proper Nouns

What are nouns? – a word that represents a person, thing, concept, or place
Common nouns: general things, not capitalized unless they begin a sentence
Ex. Person: chef, baker, doctor, teacher, student, girl, boy
Thing: table, chair, whiteboard, electric fan, tv, phone, watch, shoes
Place: park, mall, amusement park, school, city, country
Proper Nouns: capitalized, specific things
Ex. Person: chef (Chef John, Chef Mateo, baker (Mr. Tyler, Ms. Jazz, Ms. J.Y.), doctor, teacher, student, girl,
boy
Thing: tv (Samsung, LG, Toshiba), phone (Apple or Iphone, Samsung, Xiao Mi), watch (Apple watch,
Casio, Mi watch), shoes (Nike, Adidas, Hush Puppies)
Place: park (Rizal Park), mall (Mall of Asia, SM, Ayala, Robinsons), amusement park (Enchanted Kingdom,
Star City, Disney), school (Uno, Chiang Kai, La Salle), city (Manila, Quezon), country (Philippines, China)
Month, days of the week, special days: Christmas etc.

GIVE EXAMPLES ON THE BOARD

Ex. many irish immigrants settled in America in the nineteenth century
The house with nobody in it was written by joyce kilmer
If we love god, we keep his commandments
The nile river flows into the Mediterranean sea
Ms taylor swift’s concert will be held on Saturday, October 24.
Did gen e Aguinaldo come from cavite
This july, aunt ruth is coming to visit us in laguna

Quotation Marks for Stories and Poems

Titles of essays, lectures, songs, short poems, short stories, and episodes of a television or radio
Ex. Trees by Joyce Kilmer, An Honest Day’s Work

Underline
Books, albums, tv show,
Ex. Harry Potter

GIVE EXAMPLES ON THE BOARD

Did Haylee recite the poem philbert phlurk
Allen was reading lois lowrys book the giver
We talked about the poem jabberwocky today in class
Did you read harry potter the sorcerers stone?

1. Commas in Series
-used to separate words or groups of words in a series of three or more
ex. Manila produces corn, rice, and wheat.
I have a toy duck, goat, and chicken for my farm set.
I ate corn, rice, and chicken for dinner.
2. Commas after “yes” or “no” at the start of a sentence
Ex. Yes, I took the dog. No, I don’t eat cake.
3. Direct address
 Ex. I am so sorry, John.
John, I took the dog
Don’t worry, John, we’ll do fine.
4. Dates and addresses
Ex. Vancouver, Canada Manila, Philippines Tondo, Manila
November 26, 1997

GIVE EXAMPLES ON THE BOARD

1. interviews will be held on monday wednesday and friday
2. sign your name at the top on the line and at the bottom
3. i’m sorry sally but my feet hurt
4. don’t worry chris we’ll do fine
5. we lived in taytay rizal, for over twenty years
6. yes grandmother was born on november 26 1927, in vancouver canada
7. baseball basketball and football are my favorite sports
8. jason karen and carol went to the basketball game
9. ellen do you know where tess buys her shoes and bags
10. no you’re not supposed to do that boys

Count and Noncount Nouns

Count Nouns: can be counted, have plural forms and numbers can describe them
Ex. Five spoons, six dogs
Noncount Nouns: nouns that cannot be counted or are very difficult to count,
No plural forms, numbers cannot describe them
Ex. Water

GIVE EXAMPLES ON THE BOARD

Ex. Hair, bread, cookie, sugar, books, pencil, juice, building, salt, milk, wind, sack, bag, leg, pool, subject,
hug, tea, smoke, food, syrup
Count: bread, cookie, book, pencil, building, sack, bag, leg, subject, hug, pool
Noncount: hair, sugar, juice, salt, wind, tea, smoke, food, syrup

Rules on Forming the Plural Nouns:

1. Adding s to the singular noun
Ex. Singular: book, nurse, month
Plural: books, nurses, months
2. S, x,z, ch, sh, ss--- add es
Ex. Bus-buses, box-boxes, topaz-topazes, torch-torches, wish-wishes, dress-dresses
3. Y preceded by a consonant= change y to I and add es
Ex. Country-countries, daisy-daisies, lady-ladies, sky-skies, daisy-daisies, baby-babies, berry-berries, activity-
activities
Y preceded by vowel= add s
Ex. Monkey-monkeys, key-keys, holiday-holidays, toy-toys, day-days, valley-valleys, turkey-turkeys
4. F or fe to ves
Ex. Leaf-leaves, wolf-wolves, knife-knives, ekf-elves, life-lives, calf-valves, loaf-loaves
S only
Ex. Roof-roofs, giraffe-giraffes, chef-chefs
5. Ending in o preceded by a vowel=add s
Ex. Radio-radios, studio-studios, bamboo-bamboos, piano-pianos
 Ending in o preceded by a consonant-add es
Ex. Potato-potatoes, hero-heroes, echo-echoes, domino-dominoes, buffalo-buffaloes, tomato-tomatoes
EXCEPTION:
Piano and lasso
IRREGULAR
6. Change within the singular
ex. man-men, woman-women, tooth—teeth, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice, person-people, louse-
lice
7. Addition of en
Ex. Ox-oxen, child-children
8. Same form in the plural and singular
ex. Sheep, deer, Chinese, salmon, trout, moose, corps
9. Compound nouns=add s or es
Ex. Sister-in-law = sisters-in-law, passer-by=passers-by, editor-in-chief=editors in chief
10. Numbers letters and symbols add ‘s
Ex. I’s, g’s, 9’s, +’s

HINT:
1) Please pay attention to the word that comes before a noun to be able to use
plural forms correctly.
ex. two boxes (Since we have the number word two, the noun "box" should
be in plural form.)
2) Please pay attention to these words: many, several, a lot of, a group of, few,
and all. These words also tell you that the nouns that follow are more than one.
ex. several kids (Since we have the word several, the noun "kid" should be in
plural form.

GIVE EXAMPLES ON THE BOARD

Ex. 1) in the zoo, we saw five goose and three meese
2. are there many mouses in that old house
3) one hours ago, three ladys saw several sheeps
4) a group of fox and a group of wolf live in the forest
5) two mans two womans and a children were walking along the beach
6) there were only a few person at the party last Friday
1. I met several japaneses on my trip to Singapore.
2. Father’s eyeglass were lost because he misplaced them.
3. There are many kind of butterflys.
4. Maricel and Marilou are twin sister.
5. Forgets-me-nots bloom in the meadow.