Lewis structure
- named after Gilbert N.
Lewis
Electron dot symbol
- Represent the valence
electrons
- Consist of chemical symbol
and dot for each valence
electron
Valence electron
- Electrons involved in
chemical bonding
- Electron that reside in the
incomplete outer shell of
an electron
Octet rule
- 8 valence electron
elements achieve
maximum stability when
their outer shell contains 8
electrons
Chemical bond
- Link that joins atoms
together in compounds
- Force that hold atoms
together in compounds
Ionic bond
- The process of bond
formation by transfer of
electrons, result in the
formation of ionic bonds
and ionic compounds
Covalent bond
- Process of bond formation
by sharing of electrons,
results in the formation of
covalent bonds and
covalent compounds
 Single bond – one pair
of electrons shared
 Double bond – 2 pairs
of electrons shared
 Triple bond – 3 pairs of
electrons shared
Bond polarity and electronegativity
Non-polar covalent bond
- The electron are shared
equally between 2 atoms
e.g diatoms
Polar covalent bond
- One of the atoms exert a
greater attraction for the
bonding electrons than the
other
Ionic bond – pag Malaki
electronegativity difference
Ionization energy
- How strong the atoms hold
on its electrons
Electron affinity
- The measure of how strong
the atom attracts
additional electrons
Electronegativity difference
1.8 above = ionic
1.7 – 0.4 = polar covalent
0.3 – 0 = non polar covalent