MASS BALANCE

Basic of Calculation : 6912.0637061685 kg/h Sulfur as raw material

Specification of raw material and product

Sulfur = S = 99.49% wt
ash = 0.150% wt
H2O = 0.360% wt
Air = O2 = 21% mol
N2 = 79% mol
Product = H2SO4 = 98.5% wt

Molecular Weight
S = 32.065 kg/kmol
O2 = 32 kg/kmol
N2 = 28.014 kg/kmol
SO2 = 64.065 kg/kmol
SO3 = 80.065 kg/kmol
H2O = 18.015 kg/kmol
H2SO4 = 98.08 kg/kmol
H2SO4.SO3 = 178.145 kg/kmol
SiO2 = 60.084 kg/kmol

SULFUR MELTER

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 2 stream 3 stream 4
S 6912.064 6912.064 0.000
H2O 25.011 0.000 25.011
ash 10.421 10.421 0.000
O2 0.000 0.000 0.000
N2 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO2 0.000 0.000 0.000
sub total 6922.485 6922.485 0.000
total 6947.496 6922.485

1. SULFUR BURNER

arus 2
SULFUR arus 4
SULFUR
arus 3 BURNER
O2
 arus 2
SULFUR arus 4
SULFUR
arus 3 BURNER
O2

(1.5 kmol of O2 is need to produce 1 kmol of sulfur)

assumption = 100% reacted
excess O2 = 60%
REAKSI :
S + O2 →
initial 215.5641 344.9026
reaction 215.5641 215.5641
equilibrium 0.0000 129.3385

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 2 stream 3 stream 4
S 6912.064 0.000 0.000
H2O 0.000 0.000 0.000
ash 10.421 0.000 10.421
O2 0.000 11036.883 4138.831
N2 0.000 36347.906 36347.906
SO2 0.000 0.000 13810.116
sub total 6922.485 47384.789 54307.274
total 54307.274 54307.274

2. FILTER

arus 4 arus 6
HOT GAS FILTER

arus 5

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 4 stream 5 stream 6
S 0 0 0
H2O 0.0000 0 0.0000
ash 10.4212 10.4212 0
O2 4138.8312 0 4138.8312
N2 36347.9056 0 36347.9056
SO2 13810.1157 0 13810.1157
sub total 54307.2738 10.4212 54296.8526
total 54307.2738 54307.2738

3. REACTOR

arus 6

BED 1

arus 7

BED 2

arus 8

BED 3
arus 9

arus 10
BED 4

arus 11

a. BED 1
conversion = 0.6
REACTION
SO2 + 1/2 O2 →
initial 215.5641 129.338
reaction 129.3385 64.669
equi;ibrium 86.2257 64.669

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 6 stream 7
S 0.000 0.000
H2O 0.000 0.000
imp 0.000 0.000
O2 4138.831 2069.416
N2 36347.906 36347.906
SO2 13810.116 5524.046
SO3 0.000 10355.485
sub total 54296.853 54296.853
total 54296.853 54296.853

b. BED 2
conversion = 0.870
REACTION
SO2 + 1/2 O2 →
initial 215.564 129.338
reaction 187.541 93.770
equilibrium 28.023 35.568

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 7 stream 8
S 0.000 0.000
H2O 0.000 0.000
ash 0.000 0.000
O2 2069.416 1138.179
N2 36347.906 36347.906
SO2 5524.046 1795.315
SO3 10355.485 15015.453
sub total 54296.853 54296.853
total 54296.853 54296.853

c. BED 3
conversion = 0.95
REACTION
SO2 + 1/2 O2 →
initial 215.564 129.338
reaction 204.786 102.393
equilibrium 10.778 26.946

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 8 stream 9
S 0.000 0.000
H2O 0.000 0.000
ash 0.000 0.000
O2 1138.179 862.257
N2 36347.906 36347.906 1297.4907404746
SO2 1795.315 690.506
SO3 15015.453 16396.185
sub total 54296.853 54296.853
total 54296.853 54296.853
4. interpass absorber

arus 12

arus 9 Interpass absorber arus 10

arus 13

assumption
conversion = 99.90% SO3
= H2SO4 98.5% wt
REACTION:
SO3 + H2O →
initial 204.7859 245.4974
reaction 204.5811 204.5811
equilibrium 0.2048 40.9162

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 9 stream 12 stream 13 stream 10
S 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2O 0.000 4422.635 737.106 0.000
imp 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
N2 36347.906 0.000 0.000 36347.906
O2 862.257 0.000 0.000 862.257
SO2 690.506 0.000 0.000 690.506
SO3 16396.185 0.000 0.000 16.396
H2SO4 0.000 290419.695 310485.013 0.000
sub total 54296.853 294842.330 311222.119 37917.064
total 349139.183 349139.183

5. Interpass tower pump tank

arus 21 arus 25
 arus 21 arus 25

arus 13
Interpass tower
arus 24
pump tank

arus 18

input (kg/h)
component
stream 13 stream 21 stream 24 stream 25
S 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2O 737.106 1522.694 16.066 3991.092
imp 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
N2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
O2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2SO4 310485.013 99990.229 1055.013 0.000
sub total 311222.119 101512.923 1071.079 3991.092
total 417797.213

d. bed 4

arus 10

BED 4

arus 11

conversion = 0.999
REACTION
 SO2 + 1/2 O2 →
initial 215.5641 129.3385
reaction 215.3486 107.6743
equilibrium 0.2156 21.6642

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 10 stream 11
S 0 0
C 0 0
H2O 0 0
imp 0 0
O2 862.257 693.254
N2 36347.906 36347.906 1297.4907404746
SO2 690.506 13.810
SO3 16.396 862.094
H2SO4 0.000 0.000
H2SO4.SO3 0.000 0.000
sub total 37917.064 37917.064
total 37917.064 37917.064

5. final absorber

arus 14

arus 11 Final absorber arus 16

arus 15

conversion = 99.9% SO3 bereaksi

REACTION = H2SO4 98.5% wt

SO3 + H2O →
initial 10.767 12.9080
reaction 10.757 10.7567
equilibrium 0.011 2.1513

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 11 stream 14 stream 15 stream 16
S 0 0 0 0
C 0 0 0 0
H2O 0 232.5375 38.7562 0
imp 0 0 0 0
O2 693.2542 0 0 693.2542
N2 36347.9056 0 0 36347.9056
SO2 13.8101 0 0 13.8101
SO3 862.0941 0 0 0.8621
H2SO4 0 15269.9619 16324.9752 0
sub total 37917.0641 15502.4994 16363.7314 37055.8320
total 53419.5634 53419.5634

6. Final tower pump tank

Arus 17

Final tower pump

Arus 15
tank

Arus 23

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 15 stream 17 stream 23
S 0 0 0
C 0 0 0
H2O 38.756 209.847 248.604
imp 0.000 0.000 0.000
N2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.997631576353
O2 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO2 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO3 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2SO4 16324.975 0.000 16324.975
sub total 16363.731 209.847 16573.5788 0.015
total 16573.579 16573.579

7. drying tower

Arus 21

Arus 22 Arus 3
Drying tower

Arus 20

air stream 47384.7889 kg/h

humidity 30⁰C 0.027125 kg water/kg air
water in air stream = 1285.3124 kg/h
wet air mass = 48670.1013 kg/h

dry H2SO4 = 99.8%

design output of H2SO4 = 98.5%

NM water
0.2% a + 1285.3124
NM H2SO4
99.8% a - 98.5% b

maka, a =
b =

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 22 stream 20 stream 3 stream 21
S 0 0 0 0
C 0 0 0 0
H2O 1285.312 237.381 0.000 1522.694
imp 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
O2 11036.883 0.000 11036.883 0.000
N2 36347.906 0.000 36347.906 0.000
SO2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2SO4 0.000 99990.229 0.000 99990.229
sub total 48670.101 100227.610 47384.789 101512.923
total 148897.712 148897.712

8. divider 1

Arus 12
Arus 19
Divider 1

Arus 20

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 19 stream 12 stream 20
S 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2O 4660.016 4422.635 237.381
imp 0.000 0.000 0.000
N2 0.000 0.000 0.000
O2 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO2 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO3 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2SO4 390409.924 290419.695 99990.229
sub total 395069.941 294842.330 100227.610
total 395069.941 395069.941

9. divider 2

Arus 23 Divider 2 Arus 24

Arus 14

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
component
stream 23 stream 14 stream 24
S 0 0 0
H2O 248.604 232.537 16.066 0.015228426396
imp 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.015
N2 0.000 0.000 0.000
O2 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO2 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO3 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2SO4 16324.975 15269.962 1055.013
sub total 16573.579 15502.499 1071.079
total 16573.579 16573.579

10. divider 3

Arus 18 Divider 3 Arus 26

Arus 19

input (kg/h) output (kg/h)

component
stream 18 stream 19 stream 26
S 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2O 6266.958 4660.016 1606.942
imp 0.000 0.000 0.000
N2 0.000 0.000 0.000
O2 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO2 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO3 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2SO4 411530.255 390409.924 21120.331
sub total 417797.213 395069.941 22727.273
total 417797.213 417797.213

NERACA MASSA TOTAL

input (kg/h)
component
stream 2 stream 17 stream 22 stream 25
S 6912.064 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2O 0.000 209.847 1285.312 3991.092
ash 10.421 0.000 0.000 0.000
O2 0.000 0.000 11036.883 0.000
N2 0.000 0.000 36347.906 0.000
SO2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
SO3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
H2SO4 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
sub total 6922.485 209.847 48670.101 3991.092
total 59793.526
as raw material

1800,000 Ton/Year
real = 22727.2727 kg/h produk

100.00% 22727.2727 kg/h

input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)

component
stream 2 stream 3 stream 4
S 215.564 215.564 0.000
H2O 1.388 0.000 1.388
ash 0.173 0.173 0.000
O2 - - -
N2 - - -
SO2 - - -
sub total 217.126 215.738 1.388
total 217.126 217.126
SO2
-
215.5641
215.5641

input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)

component
stream 2 stream 3 stream 4
S 215.564 - -
H2O 0.000 - 0.000
ash 0.173 - 0.173
O2 - 344.903 129.338
N2 - 1297.491 1297.491
SO2 - - 215.564
sub total 215.738 1642.393 1642.567
total 1858.131 1642.567

input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)

component
stream 4 stream 5 stream 6
S 0 0
H2O 0.0000 0 0.0000
ash 0.1734 0.1734 0
O2 129.3385 0 129.3385
N2 1297.4907 0 1297.4907
SO2 215.5641 0 215.5641
sub total 1642.5668 0.1734 1642.3933
total 1642.5668 1642.5668

SO3
-
129.338
129.338

input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)

component
stream 6 stream 7
S 0.000 0.000
H2O 0.000 0.000
imp 0.000 0.000
O2 129.338 64.669
N2 1297.491 1297.491
SO2 215.564 86.226
SO3 0.000 129.338
sub total 1642.393 1577.724
total 1642.393 1577.724

SO3
0.000
187.541
187.541

input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)

component
stream 7 stream 8
S 0.000 0.000
H2O 0.000 0.000
ash 0.000 0.000
O2 64.669 35.568
N2 1297.491 1297.491
SO2 86.226 28.023
SO3 129.338 187.541
sub total 1577.724 1548.623
total 1577.724 1548.623

SO3
0.000
204.786
204.786

input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)

component
stream 8 stream 9
S 0.000 0.000
H2O 0.000 0.000
ash 0.000 0.000
O2 35.568 26.946
N2 1297.491 1297.491
SO2 28.023 10.778
SO3 187.541 204.786
sub total 1548.623 1540.000
total 1548.623 1540.000
as absorbent

H2SO4
-
204.5811
204.5811

input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)

component
stream 8 stream 11 stream 12 stream 9
S - - - -
H2O 0.000 245.497 40.916 -
imp - - - -
N2 1297.491 - - 1297.491
O2 26.946 - - 26.946
SO2 10.778 - - 10.778
SO3 204.786 - - 0.205
0.015 H2SO4 - 2961.049 3165.630 -
99.7632 sub total 1540.000 3206.546 3206.546 1335.419
total 4746.547 4541.966
output (kg/h) component input (kmol/h)
stream 18 stream 13 stream 21
0.000 S -
6266.958 0.015 H2O 40.916 84.524
0.000 imp - -
0.000 N2 -
0.000 O2 -
0.000 SO2 -
0.000 SO3 -
411530.255 0.015 H2SO4 3165.630 1019.476
417797.213 sub total 3206.546 1104.000
417797.213 total 4543.738
SO3
0.0000
215.3486
215.3486

input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)

component
stream 10 stream 11
S 0 0
C 0 0
H2O 0 0
imp 0 0
O2 26.946 21.664
N2 1297.491 1297.491
SO2 10.778 0.216
SO3 0.205 10.767
H2SO4 0.000 0.000
H2SO4.SO3 0.000 0.000
sub total 1335.419 1330.138
total 1335.419 1330.138

as absorbent

H2SO4

10.7567
 10.7567

input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)

component
stream 11 stream 14 stream 15 stream 16
S - - - -
C - - - -
H2O - 12.9080 2.1513 -
imp - - - -
0.000372684000942 O2 21.6642 - - 21.6642
N2 1297.4907 - - 1297.4907
SO2 0.2156 - - 0.2156
SO3 10.7674 - - 0.0108
H2SO4 - 155.6888 166.4455 -
sub total 1330.1379 168.5968 168.5968 1319.3813
total 1498.7348 1487.9781

component input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)

stream 15 stream 17 stream 23
S - - -
C - - -
H2O 2.151 11.648 13.800
imp - - -
N2 - - -
O2 - - -
SO2 - - -
SO3 - - -
H2SO4 166.446 - 166.446
sub total 168.597 11.648 180.245
total 180.245 180.245

0.027125 maximum humidity in 30 C in kg/kg water/air

= 1.500% b

= 0

100227.6103 = stream 21
101512.9227 = stream 22
 input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)
component
stream 23 stream 21 stream 17
S - - -
H2O 258.6742 245.4974 13.1769
imp - - -
N2 - - -
O2 - - -
SO2 - - -
SO3 - - -
H2SO4 3980.5253 2961.0491 1019.4762
sub total 4239.1996 3206.5465 1032.6531
total 4239.1996 4239.1996
 output (kg/h)
stream 5 stream 16 stream 26
0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000 1606.942 0.076
10.421 0.000 0.000
0.000 693.254 0.000
0.000 36347.906 0.000
0.000 13.810 0.000
0.000 0.862 0.000
0.000 0.000 21120.331
10.421 37055.832 22727.273
59793.526
input (kmol/h) output (kmol/h)
stream 24 stream 25 stream 18
- -
0.892 221.543 347.874
- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -
10.757 0.000 4195.863
11.648 221.543 4543.738
4543.738 4543.738
HEAT BALANCE
1. Calculation heat inlet Melter
Calculation heat umpan in reactor
ΔH  m. Cp.dT

 Cp.dT  A(Tin  Tref)  2 B.Tin   

1 1
2
 Tref 2  C Tin 3  Tref 3
3
( Carl . L Yaws "chemical Properties handbook" )
input Tref = 298.15 K
Tin = 303.15 K (Cp J/(mol.K))
Component A B C mol(kmol/h) ∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/h)
S 2.0030E+00 1.2002E-01 -1.6202E-04 215.5641 117.2081 25265.8608
H2O 9.2053E+01 -3.9953E-02 -2.1103E-04 5.3169E-07 0.0000 377.0787 0.0000
imp 2.4780E+00 1.6522E-01 -9.6769E-05 0.1734 217.0210 37.6411
total 215.7376 711.3078 25303.5019

2. Calculation heat of melting

latent heat = 1.7270 kJ/mol

mol react = 215.5641 kmol/h 215564.1261864 mol/h
ΔH melting = 372279.2459 kJ/h (endothermic)

3. Calculation heat Exit the mixing tank+A25

output
T product = 140 C = 413.15 K
T reff = 25 C = 298.15 K

Component A B C D mol(kmol/h) ∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmo

S 1.0805E+02 -2.3734E-01 2.2729E-04 -5.9964E-08 215.5641 5735.1273
H2O 3.3933E+01 -8.4186E-03 2.9906E-05 -1.7825E-08 3.6934E-12 0.0000 3902.1707
 imp 2.4780E+00 1.6522E-01 -9.6769E-05 0.1734 5622.5607
total 5735.1273

4. Work done by melter

Q melter = Qout - Qin + Qlatent
= 1584238.659 kJ/h

Resume
input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Component
current 1 current 2
S 25265.8608 1236287.7124
H2O 0.0000 0.0000
impuritas 37.6411 975.2027
Q latent -372279.2459
Q pemanas 1584238.6590
total 1237262.9150 1237262.9150
ΔH2 (kJ/h)
1236287.7124
0.0000
 975.2027
1237262.9150
 NERACA heat

inlet burner
component Molecular Weight kg/h kmol/h
S 32.065 6912.0637 215.564
H2O 18.015 0.0000 0.000
ash 60 10.4212 0.174
O2 32 11036.8833 344.903
N2 28.014 36347.9056 1297.491
SO2 64.065 0.00
Total : 54307.2738

Tin liq= 140 C = 413.15

Tin gas= 140 C = 413.15
P operation= 1.1 atm
T on S= 260 C = 533.15
T out gas= 1018 C = 1291.15
T boiling = 444.67 C = 717.82

Calculation heat reactor :

Q reaktan = 298

 mCpdT
723
Q reaction = Hfo product – Hfo reaktan
= (Hf SO2 ) – (Hf S +Hf O2)
= (-296.830) – (0 + 0) Kj
= -296.83 Kj/mol
= -296830 J/mol
= -296830 kJ/kmol
Q product = Tproduk

 mCpdT
298

Qin T= 413.15
Tref= 298
component Tin CpdT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)
S 413.15 5735.127 1236287.712
H2O 413.15 3902.171 0.000
ash 413.15 5622.561 975.203
O2 324.50 24.0863292024504 265838.004
N2 324.50 38.3524847511524 1394032.495
SO2 324.49647683464 1334.101 0.000
 16656.398 2897133.414

Q of evaporation
λ 325501.83054154 kj/h

Q heat reaction standard 9637.298

6.399E+07 kJ/h 10921.271

Q out Tref= 298

T= 1293.15
component Tin CpdT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)
S 298 20616.566 0.000
H2O 298 47959.353 0.000
ash 298 47959.353 8329.935
O2 298 37670.305 4872219.868
N2 298 34031.742 44155870.334
SO2 298 60527.714 13047603.688
248765.034 62084023.8251

NP total
Input kJ Output
heat feed in 2,897,133.41 heat gas keluar
heat reaction 10921.271
Q of evaporation (325,501.83)
burner 59,501,470.97

Total 62084023.825 Total

 outlet burner
kg/h kmol/h
0.0000 0.000
0.0000 0.000
10.4212 0.174
4138.8312 129.338
36347.9056 1297.491
13810.1157 215.564
54307.2738

K
K

K
K
K

K 667
K

1237262.915

1659870.499
1659870.499
 917,05oC

Q3

(exothermic) Q2
444,67oC
444,67oC

Q1
K
25oC
K

kJ
62084023.825

62,084,023.83
Heat Capacity (V)
Cp = A+BT+CT2+DT3+ET4
component A B C D
S 24.624 -5.04E-03 2.42E-06 -4.22E-10
H2O 33.933 -8.42E-03 2.99E-05 -1.78E-08
ash 3.39E+01 -8.42E-03 2.99E-05 -1.78E-08
O2 2.95E+01 -8.90E-03 3.81E-05 -3.26E-08
N2 2.93E+01 -3.54E-03 1.01E-05 -4.31E-09
SO2 2.96E+01 3.47E-02 9.29E-06 -2.99E-08

Heat Capacity (L)

Cp = A+BT+CT2+DT3
component A B C D
S 108.05 -2.37E-01 2.27E-04 -6.00E-08
H2O 92.053 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.32E-07

Heat Capacity (S)

Cp = A+BT+CT2
component A B C
SiO2 2.478 1.65E-01 -9.68E-05
S 2.003 1.20E-01 -1.62E-04

H evaporation
Hvap=A(1-T/Tc)^n kJ/mol
component A Tc n
S 12.094 1313 0.38
H2O 52.053 647.13 0.321
 E
2.52E-14
3.69E-12
3.69E-12
8.86E-12
2.59E-13
1.09E-11
Heat Balance Absorber (AB)

Asam
sulfat
Gas out

gas in
Kode : AB
AB function : To absorb SO3 before entering the diluent t
Tujuan : calculate the heat load in the absorber tower

liq out

\ Isobarik

A. Heat in
P operation : 5.00 atm
T gas in : 50.00 C
T ref : 25.00 C
T H2SO4 : 70.00 C
feed gas
Component input
kmol/h kg/h
H2O 71.347 1285.312
O2 344.903 11036.883
N2 1297.491 36347.906
H2SO4 0.000 0.000
total 1713.740 48670.101

feed liquid
Component kmol/h kg/h
H2SO4 1019.476 99990.229
H2O 84.524 1522.694
Total 1104.000 101512.923

Q brought in gas (Q5) = 1,258,368.65

Q brought in absorbent (Q10) = 2,219,290.23

b. Heat Dissolution
Data heat of solution water in sulphuric acid
from graph can get heat dilution to 93 % H2SO4 =
graph SVNA figure 12.17

so, Heat Dissolution =

 total Heat in = Q 5 + Q10 + Q Dissolution
= 6,966,317.97 kjoule/h

B. Heat out

a. T gas out : 51.50 C

T ref : 25.00
Composition gas out :
Component Output Top
kmol/h kg/h
H2O 0.000 0.000
O2 344.903 11036.883
N2 1297.491 36347.906
H2SO4 0.000 0.000
total 1642.393 47384.789

Q gas out = 1,659,870.50 kjoule/h

b. Heat brought in bottom result

T liq out : 51.50 C
T ref : 25.00 C
Komposisi hasil bawah (arus 6) :
Component Output Bottom
kmol/h kg/h
H2SO4 1019.476 99990.229
H2O 84.524 1522.694
total 1104.000 101512.923

Q liq out= 2,365,403.88

c. Heat laten (H2O terserap)

Component input
kmol/h kg/h
H2O 84.52 3,773.57

total Heat out = Q 11 + Q 13 + Heat laten

= 3,239,306.41 kjoule/h
H2O absorb = 84.524
Data enthalpy of evaporation H2O
A= 52.053
Tc = 647.13
n= 0.321
λ H2O : A*(1-T/Tc)^n
λ H2O : 10.3391 kJ/mol
( Carl . L Yaws "Chemical Properti

Heat of absorbtion, Q = H2O absorb x λ H2O

873902.5355

total Heat out = Q 11 + Q 13 + Heat laten

= 4,899,176.91 kjoule/h

Heat Balance
Heat Balance Total
Input kJ
Heat feed steam in 1258368.655
Heat feed liquid in 2219290.228
Heat Dissolution 3488659.084

total 6966317.967

Heat Difference = Q in - Q out

= 2,941,043.59 kJ/h
SO3 before entering the diluent tank
e heat load in the absorber tower

3,800.00 mmHg
323.00 K
298.00 K
343.00 K

m.Cp.dT (kJ)
60116.457 842.595
254714.349 738.511
943537.849 727.202
0.000 1013.108
1258368.655

m.Cp.dT(kJ)
1919756.268 1883.081
299533.960 3543.788
2219290.228

kjoule/h
kjoule/h

15.00 Btu/lb H2SO4

34.89 kJ/kg H2SO4

3488659.084 kJ/h
 324.50 K
298.00 K

m.Cp.dT (kJ)
0.000 782.846
265838.004 770.763
1394032.495 1074.407
0.000
1659870.499

324.65 K
298.00 K

m.Cp.dT (kJ) H2SO4.SO3 114.24

2045886.575 2006.802 H2SO4 114.24
319517.301 3780.211 SO3 114.24
2365403.875

kjoule/h

m. λ (kJ)
873,902.54
 kmol/h

10339.1461636703 kJ/kmol
rl . L Yaws "Chemical Properties Handbook" )

kJ/h

Output kJ
Heat gas out 1,659,870.50
Heat solution out 2,365,403.88
Heat laten

total 4,025,274.37
 Component BM
H2O 18.02
O2 32.0000
N2 28.0140
SO2 64.0650
SO3 80.0650
H2SO4 98.0800
H2SO4.SO3 178.15

Heat Capacity (V)

Cp = A+BT+CT2+DT3+ET4
Component A B C D E
H2O 3.39E+01 -8.42E-03 2.99E-05 -1.78E-08 3.69E-12
O2 2.95E+01 -8.90E-03 3.81E-05 -3.26E-08 8.86E-12
N2 2.93E+01 -3.54E-03 1.01E-05 -4.31E-09 2.59E-13
SO2 2.96E+01 3.47E-02 9.29E-06 -2.99E-08 1.09E-11
SO3 2.25E+01 1.20E-01 -9.08E-05 2.55E-08 -7.92E-13

Heat Capacity (L)

Cp = A+BT+CT2+DT3
Component A B C D λ (kJ/kmol) Tmax
H2SO4 9.2053E+01 -3.9953E-02 -2.1103E-04 5.3469E-07
H2O 2.6004E+01 7.0337E-01 -1.3856E-03 1.0342E-06 396
SO3 5.0649E+03 -4.1901E+01 1.1959E-01 -1.1117E-04

615

Entalpi of vaporization
A(1-T/Tc)^n kJ/mol
A Tc n
HCl 30.54 324.65 0.647
Cl2 28.56 417.15 0.401
SO3 32.534 416.25 0.452
0.00 41.91 510 0.41
#REF! 4.30E+01 5.36E+02 3.75E-01
#REF! 37.89 556.35 0.241
0.00 6.21E+01 6.47E+02 3.21E-01
 P= 1.1 atm
T= 500 C =
Tref= 25 C =

input (kg/jam) output (kg/jam)

Component
current 4 current 5 current 6
S 0 0 0
H2O 0 0 0
ash 10.42124390316 10.42124390316 0
O2 4138.83122278 0 4138.83122278
N2 36347.90560366 0 36347.90560366
SO2 13810.11574413 0 13810.11574413
sub total 54307.27381447 10.42124390316 54296.85257057
total 54307.27381447 54307.2738144742

input (kmol/h output (kmol/h)

Component
current 4 current 5 current 6
S 0 0 0
H2O 0 0 0
ash 0.173687398386 0.173687398386 0
O2 129.3384757119 0 129.3384757119
N2 1297.490740475 0 1297.490740475
SO2 215.5641261864 0 215.5641261864

current 4
T= 500 K
Composition kmol/h CpdT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)
S 0.000 11163.148 0.000
H2O 0.000 16151.313 0.000
ash 0.174 17746.381 3082.323
O2 129.338 14268.809 1845505.992
N2 1297.491 13856.636 17978856.650
SO2 215.564 18670.474 4024684.348
1642.567 91856.760 23852129.312

current 5
T= 500 K
Composition kmol/h CpdT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)
S 0.000 11163.148 0.000
H2O 0.000 16151.313 0.000
ash 0.174 17746.381 3082.323
O2 0.000 14268.809 0.000
N2 0.000 13856.636 0.000
SO2 0.000 18670.474 0.000
0.174 91856.760 3082.323

current 6
T= 500 K
Composition kmol/h CpdT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)
S 0.000 11163.148 0.000
H2O 0.000 16151.313 0.000
ash 0.000 17746.381 0.000
O2 129.338 14268.809 1845505.992
N2 1297.491 13856.636 17978856.650
SO2 215.564 18670.474 4024684.348
1642.393 91856.760 23849046.989

NP total
Input kJ Output
current 3 23,852,129.31 current 4
current 5

total 23,852,129.31 total

 Heat Capacity (V)
1207 K Cp = A+BT+CT2+DT3+ET4
298.15 K component
S
molecular H2O
weight ash
32.065 O2
18.015 N2
60 SO2
32
28.014
64.065 Heat Capacity (L)
Cp = A+BT+CT2+DT3
Komponen
S
H2O

Heat Capacity (S)

Cp = A+BT+CT2
component
SiO2
S
 kJ
3,082.32
23,849,046.99

23,852,129.31
BT+CT2+DT3+ET4
A B C D E
24.624 -0.0050402 0.0000024244 -4.2197E-10 2.5175E-14
33.933 -0.0084186 0.000029906 -1.7825E-08 3.6934E-12
33.933 -0.0084186 0.000029906 -1.7825E-08 3.6934E-12
29.526 -0.0088999 0.000038083 -3.2629E-08 8.8607E-12
29.342 -0.0035395 0.000010076 -4.3116E-09 2.5935E-13
29.637 0.034735 0.0000092903 -2.9885E-08 1.0937E-11

BT+CT2+DT3
A B C D
108.05 -0.23743 0.00022729 -5.9964E-08
92.053 -0.039953 -0.00021103 5.3169E-07

A B C
2.478 0.16522 -0.000096769
2.003 0.12002 -0.00016202
KAPASITAS heat gas
Cp = A + B*T + C*T^2 + D*T^3 +E*T^4 (joule/molK)
component A B C D E
H2O 33.9330 -8.41860E-03 2.99060E-05 -1.78250E-08 3.69E-12
O2 29.5260 -8.89990E-03 3.80830E-05 -3.26290E-08 8.86E-12
N2 29.3420 -3.53950E-03 1.00760E-05 -4.31160E-09 2.59E-13
SO2 29.6370 3.47350E-02 9.29030E-06 -2.98850E-08 1.09E-11
SO3 22.4660 1.10810E-01 -9.08420E-05 2.55030E-08 -7.92E-13

A. BED 1

Mass Reactor Balance

in out
component kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h
H2O 0 0 0 0
O2 129.3385 4138.8312 64.6692 2069.41561139
N2 1297.49074 36347.9056036563 1297.4907404746 36347.9056037
SO2 215.56 13810.1157441349 86.22565047458 5524.04629765
SO3 0 0 129.33847571187 10355.4850579
Total 1642.3933 54296.8526 54296.8526

# The heat carried in

T input = 723 K = 450 C
T ref = 298.15 K = 25 C

component kmol/h Cp dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ/h)

H2O 0.0000 15060.991 0.000
O2 129.338 13256.187 1714534.962
N2 1297.491 12602.614 16351774.885
SO2 215.564 19658.748 4237720.750
SO3 0.000 24600.662 0.000
total 1642.393 22304030.597

# Heat reaction
delta Hro -98900 kJ/kmol
SO2 that react= 129.3385 kmol/h
heat react = 12791575.2479 Kj/h

the reactor operates adiabatically so that no heat is added or removed from the system
so that :
heat output = heat feed + heat reaction
heat output = = 35095605.8451 kJ

# heat carried product

T output = 858.12 K = 585.118 C

T ref = 298.15 K = 25 C

component kmol/h Cp dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)

H2O 0.000 20073.949 0.000
O2 64.669 17324.597 1120368.495
N2 1297.491 16752.178 21735795.427
SO2 86.226 26150.350 2254830.961
SO3 129.338 33497.870 4332563.443
total 1577.724 29443558.324

range = 5652047.5207 kJ

B. BED 2

Mass Balance Reactor

in out
component kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h
H2O 0 0 0 0
O2 64.66923786 2069.41561138992 35.568080820764 1138.17858626
N2 1297.49074 36347.9056036563 1297.4907404746 36347.9056037
SO2 86.22565047 5524.04629765396 28.023336404238 1795.31504674
SO3 129.3384757 10355.4850578709 187.54078978221 15015.4533339
Total 1577.7241 54296.8526 1548.6229 54296.8526

# heat carried feed

T input = 723.15 K = 450 C
T ref = 298.15 K = 25 C

component kmol/h Cp dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ/h)

H2O 0.000 15060.991 0.000
O2 64.669 13261.150 857588.454
N2 1297.491 12607.188 16357709.286
SO2 86.226 19666.443 1695751.832
SO3 129.338 24610.340 3183063.885
total 1577.724 22094113.457
# heat reaction
delta Hro -98900 kJ/kmol
SO2 that react = 58.2023 kmol/h
heat reaction = 5756208.862 Kj/h

the reactor operates adiabatically so that no heat is added or removed from the system
so that :
heat output = heat feed + heat reaction
heat output = = 27850322.3183 kJ

# heat carried product

T output = 750.07 K = 476.917 C

T ref = 298.15 K = 25 C

component kmol/h Cp dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)

H2O 0.000 16081.713 0.000
O2 35.568 14154.805 503459.262
N2 1297.491 13429.625 17424813.454
SO2 28.023 21053.671 589994.104
SO3 187.541 26353.372 4942332.137
total 1548.623 23460598.957

range = 4389723.3608 kJ

B. BED 3

Mass Reactor Balance

in out
component kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h
H2O 0 0 0 0
O2 35.56808082 1138.17858626445 26.945515773306 862.256504746
N2 1297.49074 36347.9056036563 1297.4907404746 36347.9056037
SO2 28.0233364 1795.31504673754 10.778206309322 690.505787207
SO3 187.5407898 15015.4533339127 204.78591987713 16396.184675
Total 1548.6229 54296.8526 1540.0004 54296.8526

# heat carried feed

T input = 723.15 K = 450 C
T ref = 298.15 K = 25 C

component kmol/h Cp dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ/h)

H2O 0.000 15060.991 0.000
O2 35.568 13261.150 471673.649
N2 1297.491 12607.188 16357709.286
SO2 28.023 19666.443 551119.346
SO3 187.541 24610.340 4615442.633
total 1548.623 21995944.914

# heat reaction
delta Hro -98900 kJ/kmol
SO2 that react = 17.2451 kmol/h
heat reaction = 1705543.3664 Kj/h

the reactor operates adiabatically so that no heat is added or removed from the system
so that :
heat output = heat feed + heat reaction
heat output = = 23701488.2802 kJ

# heat carried product

T output = 725.92 K = 452.770 C

T ref = 298.15 K = 25 C

component kmol/h Cp dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)

H2O 0.000 15165.616 0.000
O2 26.946 13352.839 359799.143
N2 1297.491 12691.668 16467322.358
SO2 10.778 19808.621 213501.409
SO3 204.786 24789.132 5076465.193
total 1540.000 22117088.103

range = 1584400.1775 kJ

B. BED 4

Mass Reactor Balance

in out
component kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h
H2O 0 0 0 0
O2 26.9455 862.256504745799 21.664194681738 693.254229816
N2 1297.49074 36347.9056036563 1297.4907404746 36347.9056037
SO2 10.7782 690.505787206745 0.2155641261865 13.8101157441
SO3 0.20478592 16.3961846749631 10.767428103013 862.094131068
Total 1335.4192 37917.0641 1330.1379 37917.0641
# heat carried feed
T input = 723.15 K = 450 C
T ref = 298.15 K = 25 C

component kmol/h Cp dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ/h)

H2O 0.000 15060.991 0.000
O2 26.946 13261.150 357328.522
N2 1297.491 12607.188 16357709.286
SO2 10.778 19666.443 211968.979
SO3 0.205 24610.340 5039.851
total 1335.419 16932046.639

# heat reaction
delta Hro -98900 kJ/kmol
SO2 that react = 10.5626 kmol/h
heat reaction = 1044645.3119 Kj/h

the reactor operates adiabatically so that no heat is added or removed from the system
so that :
heat output = heat feed + heat reaction
heat output = = 17976691.9504 kJ

# heat carried product

T output = 723.82 K = 450.672 C

T ref = 298.15 K = 25 C

component kmol/h Cp dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)

H2O 0.000 15086.345 0.000
O2 21.664 13283.371 287773.540
N2 1297.491 12627.664 16384277.288
SO2 0.216 19700.897 4246.807 input
SO3 10.767 24653.670 265456.618 reksi
total 1330.138 16941754.252

range = 1034937.6987 kJ
 bed 1
input output
22304030.5972 29443558.3244
reaction 12791575.2479 5652047.5207
35095605.8451 35095605.8451

range 0.0000
 bed 2
input output
22094113.4567 23460598.9574
reaction 5756208.8616 4389723.3608
27850322.3183 27850322.3183

range 0.0000
bed 3
input output
 21995944.9138 22117088.1027
reaction 1705543.3664 1584400.1775 pendingin
23701488.2802 23701488.2802

range 0.0000
 bed 4
input output
16932046.6385 16941754.2518
reaction 1044645.3119 1034937.6987 pendingin
17976691.9504 17976691.9504

range 0.0000

total
8.3326E+07 91962999.6363 output
2.1298E+07 12661108.7577 pendingin
1.0462E+08 104624108.3940
pendingin
pendingin
heat balance Absorber (AB)

Asam
sulfat
Gas out

gas in
code : AB
AB function : To absorb SO3 before entering the diluent tank
Goal : calculate the heat load in the absorber tower

liq out

assumption : Isobarik
Kondisi operation
P(operation) 1.0000 atm
Tin ( penyerap ) : 70.00 C 343.15
Tin (gas) : 200.00 C 473.15
Feed : Is a gas that comes from the reactor output

Cek kondition feed AB

component kgmol zi A
H2O 0.0000 0.0000 1.83E+01
O2 26.9455 0.0175 1.54E+01
N2 1,297.4907 0.8425 1.49E+01
SO2 10.7782 0.0070 1.68E+01
SO3 204.7859 0.1330 2.08E+01
1,540.00 1.0000

P= 1.0000 atm
component xi ln Po Pi(mmHG)
H2O 0.0000 5.58 266.25
O2 0.0175 13.25 567167.90
N2 0.8425 13.20 538630.62
SO2 0.0070 9.35 11501.48
SO3 0.1330 7.93 2791.64

1.0000

T dew (feed saturated steam) log 10 P = A + B/T + C log10 T + DT + ET^2

P= 1.00 atm
component yi log Po Pi(mmHG)
H2O 0.0000 2.12 8.36
O2 0.0175 12.74 342733.06
N2 0.8425 12.79 359577.04
SO2 0.0070 7.41 1658.77
 SO3 0.1330 4.56 95.28
1.0000

Cek condition gas out absorber

P= 1.00 atm
component m (kg/h) n (kmol/h) y
O2 862.256504745799 26.9455 0.0201775703053808
N2 36347.9056036563 1297.4907 0.971598052038146
SO2 690.505787206745 10.7782 0.0080710281221523
SO3 16.3961846749631 0.2048 0.0001533495343209
1335.4192 1

A. heat in
P operation : 1.00 atm 760.00
T gas in : 200.00 C 473.00
T ref : 25.00 C 298.00
T H2SO4 : 70.00 C 343.00
feed gas
input
component kmol/h kg/h m.Cp.dT (kJ)
H2O 0.000 0.000 0.000
O2 26.946 862.257 141945.711
N2 1297.491 36347.906 6640899.823
SO2 10.778 690.506 80913.520
SO3 204.786 16396.185 2022594.590
total 1540.000 54296.853 8886353.644

feed liquid
component kmol/h kg/h m.Cp.dT(kJ)
H2SO4 2961.049 290419.695 10023538.862
H2O 245.497 4422.635 1580732.837
Total 3206.546 294842.330 11604271.699

Q carried gas in (Q5) = 8,886,353.64 kjoule/h

Q carried absorb in (Q10) = 11,604,271.70 kjoule/h

b. Heat Reaction
Data heat of formation SO3, H2O dan H2SO4
component ΔHf , kJ/mol
SO3 -395.72 reaction : SO3 + H2O ---> H2SO4
H2O -285.83
H2SO4 -813.9890
ΔHro = ΔHf produk - ΔHf reaktan
= -132.4390 kJ/mol
= -132,439.00 kJ/kmol
 Qrection= 24111866.673 kJ/kmol

total heat in = Q 5 + Q10 + Q reaction

= 44,602,492.02 kjoule/h

B. heat out

a. T gas out : 90.00 C 363.00

T ref : 25.00 C 298.00
Komposisi gas out :
[ component Output Top
kmol/h kg/h m.Cp.dT (kJ)
O2 1297.491 36347.906 2502803.375
N2 26.946 862.257 51006.579
SO2 10.778 690.506 28849.107
SO3 0.205 16.396 705.866
total 1335.419 37917.064 2583364.927

Q gas out = 2583364.93 kjoule/h

b. heat carried bottom result

T liq out : 192.00 C 465.15
T ref : 25.00 C 298.00
Komposisi bottom result (arus 6) :
component Output Bottom
kmol/h kg/h m.Cp.dT (kJ)
H2SO4 3165.630 310485.013 40595959.888
H2O 40.916 737.106 1023387.487
total 3206.546 311222.119 41619347.376

Q liq out= 41619347.376 kjoule/h

c. heat laten (SO3 absorb)

component input
kmol/h kg/h m. λ (kJ)
SO3 182.06 14,576.65 399779.717

SO3 absorb = 182.060 kmol/h

Data entalpi evaporation SO3
A= 73.37
Tc = 490.85
n= 0.565
λ SO3 : A*(1-T/Tc)^n
λ SO3 : 2.1959 kJ/mol 2195.86590771761
( Carl . L Yaws "Chemical Properties Handbook" )

Heat of absorbtion, Q = SO3 absorb x λ SO3

399779.7175 kJ/h

total heat out = Q 11 + Q 13 + heat laten

= 44602492.020 kjoule/h

heat balance
heat balance Total
Input kJ Output
heat feed uap in 8,886,353.64 heat gas out
heat feed cair in 11,604,271.70 heat solution out
heat reaction 24,111,866.67 heat laten

total 44,602,492.02 total

range heat = Q in - Q out

= 0.00 kJ/h
SO3 before entering the diluent tank
e heat load in the absorber tower

K
K
(T gas out reactor = 714,5 K)

B C
3.82E+03 -4.61E+01
7.35E+02 -6.45E+00
5.89E+02 -6.60E+00
2.30E+03 -3.60E+01
4.00E+03 -3.67E+01

T Tbubble (K) =
73.12 C 346.27
Pi(atm) Ki yi = xi. Ki
0.3503 0.35 0.0000
746.2735 746.27 13.0576
708.7245 708.72 597.1190
15.1335 15.13 0.1059
3.6732 3.67 0.4885

0.5944

T Tdew (K) =
8.90 C 282.05
Pi(atm) Ki xi =yi/ Ki
0.01 0.01 0.0000
450.96 450.96 0.0000
473.13 473.13 0.0018
2.18 2.18 0.0032
 0.13 0.13 1.0607
1.0657

T -10.7204 T dew out 262.2796 K

Pi Pi (atm) Ki xi = yi/Ki
1.90 0.002504190312 0.00 8.0575
278940.39 367.0268277716 367.03 0.0026
304806.09 401.0606451556 401.06 0.0000
732.56 0.963898654127 0.96 0.0002
8.0603

mmHg
K
K
K

5989.290
5267.879
5118.264
7507.142
9876.629

13468.254
26250.626

O3 + H2O ---> H2SO4

K 38.75 C 311.90 K
K 25.00 C 298.15 K

526392.30 [
10774.10
1928.957 5978.81
1892.952 144.38
2676.615 543289.59
3446.851

K
K

H2SO4.SO3 114.24
12823.974 H2SO4 114.24
25011.776 SO3 114.24
 kJ/kmol
al Properties Handbook" )

kJ
2,583,364.93
41,619,347.38
399,779.72

44,602,492.02
 component BM
H2O 18.02
O2 32.0000
N2 28.0140
SO2 64.0650
SO3 80.0650
H2SO4 98.0800
H2SO4.SO3 178.15

Heat Capacity (V)

Cp = A+BT+CT2+DT3+ET4
component A B C D E
H2O 3.39E+01 -8.42E-03 2.99E-05 -1.78E-08 3.69E-12
O2 2.95E+01 -8.90E-03 3.81E-05 -3.26E-08 8.86E-12
N2 2.93E+01 -3.54E-03 1.01E-05 -4.31E-09 2.59E-13
SO2 2.96E+01 3.47E-02 9.29E-06 -2.99E-08 1.09E-11
SO3 2.25E+01 1.20E-01 -9.08E-05 2.55E-08 -7.92E-13

Heat Capacity (L)

Cp = A+BT+CT2+DT3
component A B C D λ (kJ/kmol) Tmax
H2SO4 9.2053E+01 -3.9953E-02 -2.1103E-04 5.3469E-07
H2O 2.6004E+01 7.0337E-01 -1.3856E-03 1.0342E-06 396
SO3 5.0649E+03 -4.1901E+01 1.1959E-01 -1.1117E-04

615

Entalpi of vaporization
A(1-T/Tc)^n kJ/mol
A Tc n
HCl 30.54 324.65 0.647
Cl2 28.56 417.15 0.401
SO3 32.534 416.25 0.452
0.00 41.91 510 0.41
#REF! 4.30E+01 5.36E+02 3.75E-01
#REF! 37.89 556.35 0.241
0.00 6.21E+01 6.47E+02 3.21E-01
 X=
TL=
Hs=
=

#REF!
44,602,492.01586
 Molar ratio
3
HCl%wt 40.3
kcal/gmol HCl 4.47
11.9
1.05
20
92
0.85
25
7.5
0.73
50
3.89
0.433
100
1.96
0.343
200
1.00
0.249
400
0.507
0.181
1.6
0.127
0.090

Digunakan pendingin agar absorber dapat beroperation isotermal

Pendingin air
Q = m Cp.dT
0.00 = m 0.00 kJ/kmol
m = #DIV/0! kmol
 m = #DIV/0! kg
volume air = #DIV/0! m3
#DIV/0! L
Heat balance
1. Calculate heat masuk TP
Calculate heat feed through reactor
ΔH  m. Cp.dT

B. Tin 2  Tref   1 C Tin   1 D Tin 

1
 Cp.dT  A(Tin  Tref)   Tref  Tref
2 3 3 4 4

2 3 4
( Carl . L Yaws "chemical Properties handbook" )
Arus 13 Tref = 298.15 K
Tin = 343.15 K (Cp J/(mol.K))
component A B C D mol(kmol/h) ∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/h)
H2O 92.0530 4.3615E-01 -2.1103E-04 5.8469E-07 40.9162 10329.358 422638.361
H2SO4 26.0040 7.0337E-01 -1.3856E-03 1.0342E-06 3165.6302 6439.806 20386046.058
total 3206.5465 16769.165 20808684.419

Arus 21 Tref = 298.15 K

Tin = 303.15 K 30 (Cp J/(mol.K))
component A B C D mol(kmol/h) ∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/h)
H2O 92.0530 4.3615E-01 -2.1103E-04 5.8469E-07 84.5237 1099.9767 92974.0646091
H2SO4 26.0040 7.0337E-01 -1.3856E-03 1.0342E-06 1019.4762 701.6579 715323.518385
total 1103.9999 1801.6346 808297.582994

Arus 24 Tref = 298.15 K

Tin = 343.15 K 70 (Cp J/(mol.K))
component A B C D mol(kmol/h) ∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/h)
H2O 92.0530 4.3615E-01 -2.1103E-04 5.8469E-07 0.8918 10329.358 9211.960
H2SO4 26.0040 7.0337E-01 -1.3856E-03 1.0342E-06 10.7567 6439.806 69270.813
total 11.6485 16769.165 78482.773

Arus 25 Tref = 298.15 K

Tin = 303.15 K (Cp J/(mol.K))
component A B C D mol(kmol/h) ∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/h)
 H2O 92.0530 4.3615E-01 -2.1103E-04 5.8469E-07 221.5427 1099.9767186487 243691.848834
total 221.5427 1099.9767186487 243691.848834

2. Calculate heat dissolution

heat dissolution sulfuric acid with water
H2SO4 99% 20 BTU/lbmol 95.713355104 kJ/kmol
H2SO4 98.5% 18 BTU/lbmol 86.142019594 kJ/kmol
mol water = 347.8744 kmol/h
ΔHdissolution = 33296.23066853 kJ/h

3. Calculate heat out tank mixer

Arus 18
T product = 57.5126277585116 C = 330.6626277585 K T
T reff = 25 C = 298.15 K

component A B C D mol(kmol/h) ∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/h)

H2O 92.053 4.3615E-01 -2.1103E-04 5.8469E-07 347.874 7364.804 2562027.014
H2SO4 26.004 7.0337E-01 -1.3856E-03 1.0342E-06 4195.863 4626.087 19410425.836
total 4543.7376 11990.890 21972452.850

ΔH total = ΔH1 + ΔHpelarut + ΔH2

ΔH total = 0.0044 kJ/h

ΔH = ΔH1 + ΔHpelarut selisih 0.0044

ΔH = 21972452.854 kJ/h
T produk = 57.5126277585116 C = 330.6626277585 K
T reff = 25 C = 298.15 K

component A B C D mol(kmol/h) ∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/h)

H2O 92.053 4.361E-01 -2.110E-04 5.847E-07 347.8744 7364.8036554576 2562027.01362
H2SO4 26.004 7.034E-01 -1.386E-03 1.034E-06 4195.8631 4626.0865214305 19410425.8364
total 4543.7376 11990.890176888 2.20E+07

Heat balance
Heat balance Total
Input kJ Output kJ
heat feed 21939156.62 heat out 21972452.85
heat dissolution 33296.23

total 21972452.85 total 21972452.85

range 0.00
 32 C 305.15 K
25 C 298.15 K
∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/h)
1543.2487 536856.8041
983.3662 4126069.886
4662926.691
Mass Balance Absorber (AB)

Asam
sulfat
Gas out

gas
in code : AB
AB function : To absorb SO3 before entering the diluent tank
Goal : calculate the heat load in the absorber tower

liq out

assumption : Isobarik
Kondisi operasi
P(operasi) : 1.0000 atm
Tin ( penyerap ) : 70.00 C 343.15 K
Tin (gas) : 200.00 C 473.15 K
Feed : Is a gas that comes from the reactor output (T gas out reactor = 714,5 K)

Cek condition feed AB

component kgmol zi A B
H20 0.0000 0.0000 1.83E+01 3.82E+03
O2 21.6642 0.0163 1.54E+01 7.35E+02
N2 1,297.4907 0.9755 1.49E+01 5.89E+02
SO2 0.2156 0.0002 1.68E+01 2.30E+03
SO3 10.7674 0.0081 2.08E+01 4.00E+03
1,330.14 1.0000

P= 1.0000 atm
component xi ln Po Pi(mmHG) Pi(atm)
H20 0.0000 5.58 266.25 0.3503
O2 0.0163 13.25 567167.90 746.2735
N2 0.9755 13.20 538630.62 708.7245
SO2 0.0002 9.35 11501.48 15.1335
SO3 0.0081 7.93 2791.64 3.6732

1.0000

T dew (feed saturated steam) log 10 P = A + B/T + C log10 T + DT + ET^2

P= 1.00 atm
component yi log Po Pi(mmHG) Pi(atm)
H20 0.0000 2.12 8.36 0.01
O2 0.0163 12.74 342733.06 450.96
N2 0.9755 12.79 359577.04 473.13
 SO2 0.0002 7.41 1658.77 2.18
SO3 0.0081 4.56 95.28 0.13
1.0000

Cek condition gas out absorber

P= 1.00 atm T
component m (kg/h) n (kmol/h) y Pi
O2 693.2542298156 21.6642 0.016287179123 1.90
N2 36347.90560366 1297.4907 0.975455788277 278940.39
SO2 13.81011574413 0.2156 0.000162061484 304806.09
SO3 862.0941310677 10.7674 0.008094971116 732.56
37917.06408028 1330.1379 1

A. heat in
P operasi : 1.00 atm 760.00 mmHg
T gas masuk : 200.00 C 473.00 K
T ref : 25.00 C 298.00 K
T H2SO4 : 70.00 C 343.00 K
feed gas
input
component kmol/h kg/h m.Cp.dT (kJ)
H2O 0.000 0.000 0.000
O2 21.664 693.254 114124.352 5267.879
N2 1297.491 36347.906 6640899.823 5118.264
SO2 0.216 13.810 1618.270 7507.142
SO3 10.767 862.094 106345.894 9876.629
total 1330.138 37917.064 6862988.339

feed liquid
component kmol/h kg/h m.Cp.dT(kJ)
H2SO4 155.689 15269.962 527027.122 13468.254
H2O 12.908 232.537 338842.886 26250.626
Total 168.597 15502.499 865870.009

Q carried gas in (Q5) = 6,862,988.34 kjoule/h

Q carried absorb in (Q10) = 865,870.01 kjoule/h

b. heat reaction
Data heat of formation SO3, H2O dan H2SO4
component ΔHf , kJ/mol
SO3 -395.72 reaksi : SO3 + H2O ---> H2SO4
H2O -285.83
H2SO4 -813.9890
ΔHro = ΔHf produk - ΔHf reaktan
 = -132.439 kJ/mol
= -132439.000 kJ/kmol
Qreaksi= 1424601.383 kJ/kmol

total heatmasuk = Q 5 + Q10 + Q reaksi

= 9,153,459.73 kjoule/h

B. Heat out

a. T gas out : 150.00 C 423.00 K

T ref : 25.00 C 298.00 K
composition gas out :
component Output Top
kmol/h kg/h m.Cp.dT (kJ)
O2 21.664 693.254 80971.250 3737.561
N2 1297.491 36347.906 4733437.765 3648.148
SO2 0.216 13.810 1135.271 5266.510
SO3 0.011 0.862 73.959 6868.742
total 1319.381 37055.832 4815618.245

Q gas out = 4,815,618.24 kjoule/h

b. heat carried bottom result

T liq out : 328.05 C 601.20 K
T ref : 25.00 C 298.00 K
composition bottom result (arus 6) :
component Output Bottom
kmol/h kg/h m.Cp.dT (kJ)
H2SO4 166.446 16324.975 4235941.972 25449.422
H2O 2.151 38.756 101898.514 47365.310
total 168.597 16363.731 4337840.486

Q liq out= 4,337,840.49 kjoule/h

c. heatlaten (SO3 absorb)

component input
kmol/h kg/h m. λ (kJ)
SO3 8.14 652.11 -72,547.97

SO3 absorb = 8.14 kmol/h

Data entalpi evaporation SO3
A= 73.37
Tc = 490.85
n= 0.565
λ SO3 : A*(1-T/Tc)^n
λ SO3 : -8.9073 kJ/mol -8907.278223029 kJ/kmol
( Carl . L Yaws "Chemical Properties Handbook" )

Heat of absorbtion, Q = SO3 absorb x λ SO3

-72547.9731 kJ/h

total heatkeluar = Q 11 + Q 13 + heatlaten

= 9080910.76 kjoule/h

heat balance
heat balance Total
Input kJ Output
heat feed uap in 6862988.34 heat gas out
heat feed cair in 865870.01 heat solution out
heat reaction 1424601.38 heat laten

total 9153459.731 total

range heat = Q in - Q out

= 1.00 kJ/h
 component BM
H2O 18.02
O2 32.0000
N2 28.0140
SO2 64.0650
SO3 80.0650
entering the diluent tank H2SO4 98.0800
in the absorber tower H2SO4.SO3 178.15

Heat Capacity (V)

Cp = A+BT+CT2+DT3+ET4
component A B
H2O 3.39E+01 -8.42E-03
O2 2.95E+01 -8.90E-03
N2 2.93E+01 -3.54E-03
SO2 2.96E+01 3.47E-02
SO3 2.25E+01 1.20E-01
as out reactor = 714,5 K)

Heat Capacity (L)

C Cp = A+BT+CT2+DT3
-4.61E+01 component A B
-6.45E+00 H2SO4 9.2053E+01 -3.9953E-02
-6.60E+00 H2O 2.6004E+01 7.0337E-01
-3.60E+01 SO3 5.0649E+03 -4.1901E+01
-3.67E+01

T Tbubble (K) =
73.12 C 346.27 Entalpi of vaporization
Ki yi = xi. Ki A(1-T/Tc)^n kJ/mol
0.35 0.0000 A Tc
746.27 12.1547 HCl 30.54 324.65
708.72 691.3294 Cl2 28.56 417.15
15.13 0.0025 SO3 32.534 416.25
3.67 0.0297 0.00 41.91 510
#REF! 4.30E+01 5.36E+02
0.0322 #REF! 37.89 556.35
0.00 6.21E+01 6.47E+02
T Tdew (K) =
8.90 C 282.05
Ki xi =yi/ Ki
0.01 0.0000
450.96 0.0000
473.13 0.0021
 2.18 0.0001
0.13 0.0646
0.0667

-10.7204 T dew out 262.2796 K

Pi (atm) Ki xi = yi/Ki
0.002504190312 0.00 6.5040
367.0268277716 367.03 0.0027
401.0606451556 401.06 0.0000
0.963898654127 0.96 0.0084
6.5150
H2SO4.SO3 2.25
H2SO4 2.25
SO3 2.25
Handbook" )

kJ
4815618.24
4337840.49
-72547.97

9153458.731
 C D E
2.99E-05 -1.78E-08 3.69E-12
3.81E-05 -3.26E-08 8.86E-12
1.01E-05 -4.31E-09 2.59E-13
9.29E-06 -2.99E-08 1.09E-11
-9.08E-05 2.55E-08 -7.92E-13

C D λ (kJ/kmol) Tmax
-2.1103E-04 5.3469E-07
-1.3856E-03 1.0342E-06 396
1.1959E-01 -1.1117E-04

615

n
0.647
0.401
0.452
0.41
3.75E-01
0.241
3.21E-01
Heat balance
1. Calculate heat masuk TP
Calculate heat feed through reactor
ΔH  m. Cp.dT

B. Tin 2  Tref   1 C Tin   1 D Tin 

1
 Cp.dT  A(Tin  Tref)   Tref  Tref
2 3 3 4 4

2 3 4
( Carl . L Yaws "chemical Properties handbook" )
Arus 15 Tref = 298.15 K
Tin = 343.15 K
component A B C D mol(kmol/h)
H2O 92.0530 -3.9953E-02 -2.1103E-04 5.8469E-07 2.1513
H2SO4 26.0040 7.0337E-01 -1.3856E-03 1.0342E-06 166.4455
total

Arus 17 Tref = 298.15 K

Tin = 303.15 K 30
component A B C D mol(kmol/h)
H2O 92.0530 -3.9953E-02 -2.1103E-04 5.8469E-07 11.6485
total

2. Calculate heat dissolution

heat dissolution sulfuric acid with water
H2SO4 99% 20 BTU/lbmol 95.713355104 kJ/kmol
H2SO4 98.5% 18 BTU/lbmol 86.142019594 kJ/kmol
mol air = 13.7998 kmol/h
ΔHdissolution 132.08266748 kJ/h

3. Calculate heat out tank mixer

Arus 23
T product = 68.59211858987 C = 341.7421185899 K
T reff = 25 C = 298.15 K

component A B C D mol(kmol/h)
H2O 92.053 -3.9953E-02 -2.1103E-04 5.8469E-07 13.7998
H2SO4 26.004 7.0337E-01 -1.3856E-03 1.0342E-06 166.4455
total

ΔH total = ΔH1 + ΔHpelarut + ΔH2

ΔH total = -0.0050 kJ/h (eksotermis,butuh pendingin)
Q pendingin = 0.0050 KJ/h
ΔH = ΔH1 + ΔHpelarut selisih -0.0050
ΔH = 1083927.9757 kJ/h

T product = 68.59211858987 C = 341.7421185899 K

T reff = 25 C = 298.15 K

component A B C D mol(kmol/h)
H2O 92.053 -3.9953E-02 -2.1103E-04 5.8469E-07 13.800
H2SO4 26.004 7.0337E-01 -1.3856E-03 1.0342E-06 166.446
total

Heat balance
Heat balance Total
Input kJ Output kJ
heat feed 1083795.89 heat out 1083927.98
heat dissolution 132.08

total 1083927.98 total 1083927.98

range 0.00
Tin 4
 Tref 4


(Cp J/(mol.K))
∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/jm)
3459.606 7442.761
6439.806 1071876.843
9899.412 1079319.604

(Cp J/(mol.K))
∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/jm)
384.281 4476.289
384.281 4476.289

∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/jm)

3351.0524 46243.9056
6234.3773 1037684.0751
9585.4296 1083927.9807
∫Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) ΔH1 (kJ/jm)
3351.052 46243.906
6234.377 1037684.075
9585.430 1083927.981
1. Melter
Component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q current 1 25303.502
Q smelting -372279.246
Q heater 1584238.659
Q current 2 1237262.915
total 1237262.915 1237262.915

2. Burner
component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q current 2 1237262.915 2897133.414
Q current 3 1659870.499
Q reaction 10921.271
Q evp -325501.831
Q burner 59501470.971
Q current 4 62084023.825
total 62084023.825 62084023.825

3. Menara Pengering
component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q current 20 2219290.228
Q current 22 1258368.655
Q current 3 1659870.499
Q current 21 2365403.875
Q pelarutan 3488659.084
Q laten 0.000
total 6966317.967 4025274.374

4. Siklon
component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q current 4 23852129.312
Q current 5 3082.323
Q current 6 23849046.989
total 23852129.312 23852129.312

5. Reaktor
component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q bed I 22304030.597 29443558.324
Q bed II 22094113.457 23460598.957
Q bed III 21995944.914 22117088.103
Q bed IV 16932046.639 16941754.252
Q reaction 21297972.788
Q cooler 12661108.758
total 104624108.394 104624108.394
6. Interpass Absorber
component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q current 9 8886353.644
Q current 12 11604271.699
Q reaction 24111866.673
Q current 10 2583364.927
Q current 13 41619347.376
Q laten 399779.717
total 44602492.016 44602492.020

7. Interpass Tower Pump Tank

component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q current 13 20808684.419
Q current 21 808297.583
Q current 24 78482.773
Q current 25 243691.849
Q dillution 33296.231
Q current 18 21972452.850
total 21972452.854 21972452.850

8. Final Absorber
component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q current 11 6862988.339
Q current 14 865870.009
Q reaction 1424601.383
Q current 15 4337840.486
Q current 16 4815618.245
Q laten -72547.973
total 9153459.731 9153458.731

9. Final Tower Pump Tank

component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q current 15 1079319.604
Q current 17 4476.289
Q dillution 132.083
Q current 23 1083927.981
total 1083927.976 1083927.981

10. HE-05
component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q current in 21972452.850
Q cooler 750021.409
Q current out 21222431.441
total 21972452.850 21972452.850
NP TOTAL
component input (kJ/h) output (kJ/h)
Q current 1 25303.502
Q current 17 4476.289
Q current 22 1258368.655
Q current 25 243691.849
Q current 5 3082.323
Q current 16 4815618.245
Q current 18 21972452.850
Q reaction 37002265.898
Q heater 1584238.659
Q smelting -372279.246
Q dillution 33428.313
Q laten 327231.744
Q cooler 12661108.758
total 39779493.919 39779493.919

range 0.000
1. Melter
Input (kJ/jam) Output (kJ/jam)
component
current 1 current 2
S 25265.860801481 1236287.7123768
H2O 0 0
impuritas 37.641115846619 975.20266292587
Q smelting -372279.245924
Q heater 1584238.6590464
total 1237262.9150397 1237262.9150

2. Burner
Input (kJ/jam) Output (kJ/jam)
component
current 2 current 3 current 4
11454876.571