ZIV_IRS-B

IRS-B
Self Powered
Overcurrent
Protection
Instructions Manual for IRS-B Models

M0IRSB1905Iv05
REV. 05 - July, 2021 © ZIV APLICACIONES Y TECNOLOGÍA, S.L.U. 2019

Table of Contents
1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1.1-1

1.1.1 Relay Overview and Applications ....................................................................... 1.1-2
1.1.2 Symbols .............................................................................................................. 1.1-2
1.1.3 Relay Family Features ........................................................................................ 1.1-3
1.1.3.a Hardware Design ................................................................................................ 1.1-6
1.1.3.b Measurement Processing ................................................................................... 1.1-6
1.1.3.c Memory ............................................................................................................... 1.1-7
1.1.4 Functional Diagram ............................................................................................. 1.1-7
1.2 Model Selection ................................................................................................ 1.2-1

1.2.1 Hardware Model Selection.................................................................................. 1.2-2
1.2.2 Firmware Model Selection .................................................................................. 1.2-2
1.2.3 Protection Functions according to Model ........................................................... 1.2-3
1.3 Technical Data .................................................................................................. 1.3-1

1.3.1 Power Supply Voltage ........................................................................................ 1.3-2
1.3.2 Power Supply Burden ......................................................................................... 1.3-2
1.3.3 Current Analog Inputs ......................................................................................... 1.3-2
1.3.4 Measurement Accuracy ...................................................................................... 1.3-3
1.3.5 Accuracy of the Pickup and Reset of the Overcurrent Elements ....................... 1.3-4
1.3.6 Repeatability ....................................................................................................... 1.3-4
1.3.7 Transient Overreach ........................................................................................... 1.3-4
1.3.8 Digital Inputs ....................................................................................................... 1.3-5
1.3.9 Digital Outputs Model 1 (2 DOs) ......................................................................... 1.3-5
1.3.10 Digital Outputs Model 2 (3 DOs) ......................................................................... 1.3-5
1.3.11 Energy Outputs ................................................................................................... 1.3-6
1.3.12 Communications Link ......................................................................................... 1.3-6
1.3.13 Battery................................................................................................................. 1.3-6
1.4 Physical Description ........................................................................................ 1.4-1

1.4.1 General ............................................................................................................... 1.4-2
1.4.2 Dimensions ......................................................................................................... 1.4-3
1.4.3 Connection Elements .......................................................................................... 1.4-4
1.4.3.a Terminal Blocks .................................................................................................. 1.4-4
1.4.3.b Removing Printed Circuit Boards (Non Self-shorting) ........................................ 1.4-4
1.4.3.c Internal Wiring ..................................................................................................... 1.4-4
1.4.3.d Removing Battery ............................................................................................... 1.4-4
1.4.4 Power Supply ...................................................................................................... 1.4-5
1.4.4.a Self-Powered ...................................................................................................... 1.4-5
1.4.4.b Auxiliary Power Supply ....................................................................................... 1.4-5
1.4.4.c USB Power Supply ............................................................................................. 1.4-5
1.4.4.d Battery Power supply .......................................................................................... 1.4-5
1.4.5 Local Interface .................................................................................................... 1.4-6
1.4.5.a Alphanumeric Display and Keypad ..................................................................... 1.4-6
1.4.5.b Keypad associated to the Alphanumeric Display ............................................... 1.4-7
1.4.5.c Keys, Functions and Operation Modes .............................................................. 1.4-8
1.4.5.d Access to Options ............................................................................................... 1.4-9
1.4.5.e LEDs ................................................................................................................. 1.4-11
1.4.5.f Battery Key ....................................................................................................... 1.4-12
1.4.6 Inputs and Outputs ........................................................................................... 1.4-12
M0IRSB1905I
I IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection
 ZIV APLICACIONES Y TECNOLOGÍA, S.L.U. Zamudio, 2019
Table of Contents
1.4.6.a Digital Inputs ..................................................................................................... 1.4-12

1.4.6.b Auxiliary Outputs ............................................................................................... 1.4-14
1.4.7 Communications ............................................................................................... 1.4-15
1.4.7.a Communications Ports ...................................................................................... 1.4-15
1.4.7.b Communication with the Configuration Tool ..................................................... 1.4-15
1.4.7.c Communication Protocols ................................................................................. 1.4-15
1.4.7.d Communications Settings ................................................................................. 1.4-16
1.4.8 Time Synchronization ....................................................................................... 1.4-17
1.5 Installation and Commissioning...................................................................... 1.5-1

1.5.1 General ............................................................................................................... 1.5-2
1.5.2 Accuracy ............................................................................................................. 1.5-2
1.5.3 Installation ........................................................................................................... 1.5-3
1.5.4 Preliminary Inspection ......................................................................................... 1.5-4
1.5.5 Tests ................................................................................................................... 1.5-5
1.5.5.a Isolation Test ....................................................................................................... 1.5-5
1.5.5.b Power Supply Test .............................................................................................. 1.5-6
1.5.5.c Metering Tests .................................................................................................... 1.5-6
1.6 Onload Test ....................................................................................................... 1.6-1

1.6.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1.6-2
1.6.2 Current Connections ........................................................................................... 1.6-2
1.7 Standards and Type Tests ............................................................................... 1.7-1

1.7.1 Insulation ............................................................................................................. 1.7-2
1.7.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility ............................................................................. 1.7-2
1.7.3 Environmental Test ............................................................................................. 1.7-3
1.7.4 Power Supply ...................................................................................................... 1.7-4
1.7.5 Mechanical Test .................................................................................................. 1.7-4
1.8 Schemes and Drawings .................................................................................... 1.8-2
2.1 Overcurrent Elements ...................................................................................... 2.1-1

2.1.1 Common Principles ............................................................................................. 2.1-3
2.1.1.a Operation and Reset ........................................................................................... 2.1-3
2.1.1.b Trip Blocking and Time Delay Disable ................................................................ 2.1-4
2.1.1.c Element Enable and Disable............................................................................... 2.1-4
2.1.1.d Harmonics Blocking ............................................................................................ 2.1-4
2.1.1.e Time-Delayed Curves ......................................................................................... 2.1-5
2.1.2 Phase Overcurrent Elements ............................................................................ 2.1-23
2.1.2.a Identification ...................................................................................................... 2.1-23
2.1.2.b General Block.................................................................................................... 2.1-23
2.1.2.c Operation Principles and Block Diagram .......................................................... 2.1-24
2.1.2.d Application......................................................................................................... 2.1-25
2.1.2.e Example of Settings Calculation ....................................................................... 2.1-25
2.1.2.f Setting Ranges.................................................................................................. 2.1-26
2.1.2.g Analog Inputs to the Unit ................................................................................... 2.1-26
2.1.2.h Digital Inputs to the Phase Overcurrent Unit .................................................... 2.1-27
2.1.2.i Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Phase Overcurrent Modules .................... 2.1-28
2.1.2.j Protection Element Test .................................................................................... 2.1-29
2.1.3 Neutral Overcurrent Elements .......................................................................... 2.1-31
2.1.3.b General Block.................................................................................................... 2.1-31
2.1.3.d Application......................................................................................................... 2.1-33
M0IRSB1905I
IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection II
Table of Contents
2.1.3.e Examples of Settings Calculation ..................................................................... 2.1-33

2.1.3.f Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 2.1-33
2.1.3.g Analog Inputs to the Unit .................................................................................. 2.1-34
2.1.3.h Digital Inputs to the Neutral Overcurrent Element ............................................ 2.1-34
2.1.3.i Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Neutral Overcurrent Modules .................. 2.1-35
2.1.3.j Protection Element Test ................................................................................... 2.1-36
2.1.4 Negative Sequence Elements .......................................................................... 2.1-38
2.1.4.b General Block ................................................................................................... 2.1-38
2.1.4.d Application ........................................................................................................ 2.1-40
2.1.4.e Example of Settings Calculation ....................................................................... 2.1-40
2.1.4.f Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 2.1-40
2.1.4.g Analog Inputs to the Unit .................................................................................. 2.1-41
2.1.4.h Digital Inputs to the Negative Sequence Overcurrent Element ........................ 2.1-41
2.1.4.i Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Negative Sequence Overcurrent
Modules ............................................................................................................ 2.1-42
2.1.4.j Protection Element Test ................................................................................... 2.1-43
2.2 Open Phase Detector ....................................................................................... 2.2-1

2.2.1 Identification ........................................................................................................ 2.2-2
2.2.2 General Block ..................................................................................................... 2.2-2
2.2.3 Operation Principles and Block Diagram ............................................................ 2.2-2
2.2.4 Application .......................................................................................................... 2.2-3
2.2.5 Range Settings ................................................................................................... 2.2-3
2.2.6 Analog Inputs to the Unit .................................................................................... 2.2-3
2.2.7 Digital Inputs to the Open Phase Detector ......................................................... 2.2-4
2.2.8 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Open Phase Module ................................. 2.2-4
2.2.9 Open Phase Detector Test ................................................................................. 2.2-5
2.3 Phase Undercurrent Element .......................................................................... 2.3-1

2.3.1 Identification ........................................................................................................ 2.3-2
2.3.2 General Block ..................................................................................................... 2.3-2
2.3.3 Operation Principles ........................................................................................... 2.3-2
2.3.4 Application .......................................................................................................... 2.3-2
2.3.5 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................... 2.3-2
2.3.6 Analog Inputs to the Unit .................................................................................... 2.3-3
2.3.7 Digital Inputs to the Undercurrent Element......................................................... 2.3-3
2.3.8 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Undercurrent Module ................................ 2.3-4
2.3.9 Protection Element Test ..................................................................................... 2.3-4
2.4 Thermal Image .................................................................................................. 2.4-1

2.4.1 Identification ........................................................................................................ 2.4-2
2.4.2 General Block ..................................................................................................... 2.4-2
2.4.3 Operation Principles ........................................................................................... 2.4-2
2.4.4 Block Diagram .................................................................................................... 2.4-6
2.4.5 Application of the Thermal Image Function ........................................................ 2.4-6
2.4.6 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................... 2.4-7
2.4.7 Analog Inputs to the Thermal Image Unit ........................................................... 2.4-7
2.4.8 Digital Inputs to the Thermal Image Unit ............................................................ 2.4-8
2.4.9 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Thermal Image Unit ................................... 2.4-9
2.4.10 Thermal Image Unit Test .................................................................................. 2.4-10
2.5 Breaker Failure Unit .......................................................................................... 2.5-1

2.5.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 2.5-2
2.5.2 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................... 2.5-4
2.5.3 Digital Inputs of the Breaker Failure Element ..................................................... 2.5-4
M0IRSB1905I
III IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection
Table of Contents
2.5.4 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Breaker Failure Element ............................ 2.5-5
2.5.5 Breaker Failure Element Test ............................................................................. 2.5-5
2.6 Harmonic Blocking ........................................................................................... 2.6-1

2.6.1 Identification ........................................................................................................ 2.6-2
2.6.2 General Block...................................................................................................... 2.6-2
2.6.3 Operation Principles ............................................................................................ 2.6-2
2.6.4 Setting Ranges.................................................................................................... 2.6-4
2.6.5 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Harmonic Blocking..................................... 2.6-4
2.7 Cold Load Element ........................................................................................... 2.7-1

2.7.1 Identification ........................................................................................................ 2.7-2
2.7.2 General Block...................................................................................................... 2.7-2
2.7.4 Setting Ranges.................................................................................................... 2.7-4
2.7.5 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Cold Load Module ..................................... 2.7-4
2.8 Configuration Settings ..................................................................................... 2.8-1

2.8.1 Description .......................................................................................................... 2.8-2
2.8.1.a Access Passwords .............................................................................................. 2.8-2
2.8.1.b Date and Time..................................................................................................... 2.8-2
2.8.1.c Communications ................................................................................................. 2.8-2
2.8.2 Setting Ranges.................................................................................................... 2.8-2
3.1 Oscillographic Recording ................................................................................ 3.1-1

3.1.2 Capture Function................................................................................................. 3.1-2
3.1.3 Stored Data ......................................................................................................... 3.1-3
3.1.4 Start Function ...................................................................................................... 3.1-3
3.1.5 Oscillograph Deletion Function ........................................................................... 3.1-3
3.1.6 Required Trip ...................................................................................................... 3.1-4
3.1.7 Pre-Fault Time .................................................................................................... 3.1-4
3.1.8 Length of the Oscillograph .................................................................................. 3.1-4
3.1.9 Setting Ranges.................................................................................................... 3.1-5
3.1.10 Digital Inputs of the Oscillographic Recording .................................................... 3.1-6
3.1.11 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Oscillographic Recording .......................... 3.1-6
3.2 Event Record ..................................................................................................... 3.2-1

3.2.2 Organization of the Event Record ....................................................................... 3.2-2
3.2.3 Consulting the Record ........................................................................................ 3.2-2
3.3 Fault Report ....................................................................................................... 3.3-1

3.3.2 Fault Start Time Tag ........................................................................................... 3.3-2
3.3.3 Trip Command Time Tag .................................................................................... 3.3-3
3.3.4 End of Fault Time Tag ........................................................................................ 3.3-3
3.3.5 Measurements .................................................................................................... 3.3-3
3.3.6 Fault Reports on HMI .......................................................................................... 3.3-4
3.3.7 Deletion of the Fault Report ................................................................................ 3.3-4
3.3.8 Setting Ranges.................................................................................................... 3.3-4
4.1 Test Mode .......................................................................................................... 4.1-1
4.1.1 Operating Principle ............................................................................................. 4.1-2
4.1.2 Digital Output and Energy Output Test ............................................................... 4.1-2
4.1.3 LED Test ............................................................................................................. 4.1-3
M0IRSB1905I
IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection IV
Table of Contents
4.1.4 Protection Test .................................................................................................... 4.1-3

4.1.5 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................... 4.1-3
4.1.6 Actions ................................................................................................................ 4.1-4
A. MODBUS RTU. Documentation. Address Map .................................................A-1

A.1 Preliminary Information .......................................................................................... A-2
A.2 Function 01: Read Coil Status ............................................................................... A-3
A.2.1 Modbus Address Map for IRS-B ............................................................................ A-3
A.3 Function 02: Read Input Status ............................................................................. A-3
A.4 Function 04: Read Input Registers ........................................................................ A-5
A.5 Function 03: Read Holding Registers .................................................................... A-6
A.6 Examples of Frames .............................................................................................. A-7
A.6.1 Function 01 ............................................................................................................ A-7
A.6.2 Function 02 ............................................................................................................ A-8
A.6.3 Function 04 ............................................................................................................ A-9
A.6.4 Function 03 .......................................................................................................... A-10
B. Parameter Configurations...................................................................................B-1
B.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ B-2
B.2 Nominal Values ...................................................................................................... B-2
B.3 Comunications ....................................................................................................... B-2
B.4 Test Mode .............................................................................................................. B-3
B.5 General .................................................................................................................. B-3
B.6 Phase Time Overcurrent Protection ...................................................................... B-3
B.7 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent Protection ................................................. B-4
B.8 Neutral Time Overcurrent Protection ..................................................................... B-4
B.9 Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection........................................................ B-5
B.10 Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection ...................................................... B-5
B.11 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection .................................. B-5
B.12 Harmonic Blocking ................................................................................................. B-6
B.13 Breaker Failure ...................................................................................................... B-6
B.14 Open Phase ........................................................................................................... B-6
B.15 Thermal Image ....................................................................................................... B-7
B.16 Phase Undercurrent ............................................................................................... B-7
B.17 Cold Load............................................................................................................... B-7
B.18 Trips ....................................................................................................................... B-8
B.19 Oscillography ......................................................................................................... B-9
B.20 Fault Records ...................................................................................................... B-10
C. List of Illustrations and Tables ...........................................................................C-1

C.1 List of Figures ........................................................................................................C-2
C.2 List of Tables .........................................................................................................C-4
M0IRSB1905I
V IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection
Chapter 1.
Description and Start-Up

1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 Relay Overview and Applications .................................................................... 1.1-2

1.1.2 Symbols............................................................................................................ 1.1-2
1.1.3 Relay Family Features ..................................................................................... 1.1-3
1.1.3.a Hardware Design ............................................................................................. 1.1-6
1.1.3.b Measurement Processing ................................................................................ 1.1-6
1.1.3.c Memory ............................................................................................................ 1.1-7
1.1.4 Functional Diagram .......................................................................................... 1.1-7
Chapter 1. Description and Start-Up
This instruction manual provides a technical and functional description of the relay IRS-B. The
manual may be used as technical reference in engineering, installation, commissioning, and
normal operation of the relay since the manual contains operating and handling instructions
apart from descriptions relative to technical data, function lists, logic diagrams, input and
output signals, parameter settings and detail explanation of every function.
ZIV has attempted to make this manual as accurate and easy to understand as possible.
However, ZIV cannot guarantee that it is free of errors in the manuals and it could also be
subject to possible upgrades. Therefore, ZIV would be very grateful to receive customer
comments on possible errors or recommendations. Suggestions may be sent to ZIV through
the following link.
1.1.1 Relay Overview and Applications

Relays commonly known as IRS-B include protection, control and metering functions mainly for
Medium Voltage industrial network and distribution applications, MV compact cubicles provided
with breaker, RMUs and power distribution centres. These relays count on leading edge digital
technology based on powerful microprocessors that include non-directional overcurrent
protection, open phase detector, minimum current, thermal image, breaker failure, cold load and
harmonic detection.
IRS-B relays need practically no maintenance since they are self-powered by the operating
current, although, depending on the selected model, relays can be provided with conventional
auxiliary power supply. Furthermore, all relays may be powered through the front USB port and
internal battery, which makes commissioning and data retrieval easier.
1.1.2 Symbols
The following symbols can be found in the manual as well as in the back of the relay.
M0IRSB1905I
IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection 1.1-2
1.1 Introduction
1.1.3 Relay Family Features

Multifunction protection and control of IRS-B relays are provided with the state-of-the-art digital
technology based on powerful microprocessors so that all measurements acquisition tasks and
breaker supervision tasks are digitally processed within a modular design.
Relay analog inputs capture currents transmitted by instrument and protection transformers
adapting them to internal processing level of the relay. IRS-B relays include 3 analog current
inputs. Analog measurements will be processed through an analog digital converter within the
CPU board, which will send the digitalized measurements to the microcontroller.
The microcontroller carries out all the management tasks and functions of the relay, which
include, for example, the filtering and re-sampling of the measurements, protection algorithms,
control functions, data storage, distribution of data to the communications ports, etc.
Relay configurable inputs may be used to receive data from switchgear or other equipment
through hardwiring. Also, the relay has two potential-free settable input that detects continuity,
which can be allocated as external trip, therefore tripping the protection directly when activated.
The relay includes one settable electrical mechanical bistable change-over output, one settable
electrical mechanical non bistable change-over output and an energy output, 0.1J, 24V to
activate the cubicle striker.
The relay includes a front screen 128x64 with capacity for 6 lines and 20 characters per line.
Also, additional data may be obtained by 2 red activated LEDs, the first one display when the
protection has triggered and the last one informs when the level of battery is low. The operating
status of the relay can be displayed through a non-configurable tri-colour LED
(green/red/orange).
The IRS-B family includes a type B USB front port for maintenance work and a rear port for
remote communications for three wire MODBUS communications. When the relay is only
powered through B type USB port, the relay measurement, protection, I/O and LED functions
will be complete.
This relay incudes an internal battery, although in this case, if the equipment is powered though
it, their capabilities will be limited. The user only will be able to access all the protection settings
to check or modify them and has access to the fault reports and will be able to reset all the
stored information (last trip, fault reports and LEDs), the tripping functions are not being
possible nor the status of the digital input nor the analog measurements.
Relay electronic tasks will be carried out thanks to a main feature of this family of relays. The
relay can work with the operating current collected through the current inputs (18% of RC with
current through one channel, 12% of RC with current through two channels and 8% of RC with
current through three channels). Conventional auxiliary power supply may be selected if desired
and the relay may also operate powered through the USB front port. Furthermore, the relay may
be powered through the battery button, although in this case, the relay capabilities will be
limited, as mentioned in the previous paragraph.
Other differentiating features of this family of relays are low power consumption below 2.5VA
and quick booting, protection elements being operative just 100ms after detecting proper power
supply conditions.
M0IRSB1905I
1.1-3 IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection
Relay impedance curve (Burden Curve) and Switch-on-to-Fault curve (SOTF) are listed below.
1. Burden Curve for Current <1A.
Figure 1.1.1 Burden Curve for Current <1A.
M0IRSB1905I
1.1 Introduction
2. Burden Curve for Current >1A.
Figure 1.1.2 Burden Curve for Current >1A.
3. SOTF Curve.
Figure 1.1.3 Switch-on-to-Fault Curve.
M0IRSB1905I
1.1.3.a Hardware Design

The main components are:
- Main microprocessor module, memory to manage the relay functions and HMI.
- Analog board.
- Power supply board, digital inputs and outputs, energy outputs and communications.
Figure 1.1.4 General HW Design.
1.1.3.b Measurement Processing

IRS-B relays provide accurate measurement with high resolution in a broad dynamic range
thanks to the high sampling frequency and the powerful measurement function they operate
with.
Figure 1.1.5 (Measurement Processing) basically outlines the measurement processing from its
capture point at the relay terminals, passing through the 16 bit analog digital converter and
other elements up to having finally the measurement available.
Figure 1.1.5 Measurement Processing.
M0IRSB1905I
1.1 Introduction
1.1.3.c Memory
IRS-B relays include two different types of storage memory: FRAM and EEPROM. All the
relevant data will remain in non-volatile flash memory:
- Protection settings.
- Control logic.
- Events.
- Fault reports.
- Oscillography.
- Memorized LEDs.
Furthermore, the microcontroller itself includes RAM memory and the analog input board is
provided with a second EEPROM to store analog channel calibrations.
1.1.4 Functional Diagram
Figure 1.1.6 Functional Diagram.
M0IRSB1905I
1.2 Model Selection
1.2.1 Hardware Model Selection ............................................................................... 1.2-2

1.2.2 Firmware Model Selection................................................................................ 1.2-2
1.2.3 Protection Functions according to Model ......................................................... 1.2-3
1.2.1 Hardware Model Selection

IRS B 1 A 0 1 1 0 0 -
1-2-3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
4 Function
B Non-directional overcurrent relay with internal
battery and external CTs.
5 User Interface
1 Standard with alphanumeric display.
6 Rated Current
A 1A
7 Power Supply Voltage
0 None. B 110 - 230 VDC (±20%); 110 - 230 VAC (-20%/+10%).
A 24 VDC (±10%).
8 DI Auxiliary Supply Voltage
0 Free of potential
9 Inputs
1 2 Free of potential
10 Outputs and LEDs
1 1DO+ 1 bistable DO+ 1 Energy Output + 4 2 2DO NO + 1 DO NC + 1 Energy Output + 4 Configurable
Configurable LEDs. LEDs + HMI with backlight.
11 Battery
1 Lithium 3.6V
12 Rear port
0 None. A RS485.
13 Shorting CTs
0 None.
14 Enclosure/Chassis and Conformal Coat
0 3U x 19" 1/2 Rack.
15 Reserved
1.2.2 Firmware Model Selection

*
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
16/17 Protection Functionality

00 Initial Version.
18 Self-Powered Functionality
0 Initial Version.
19 Communications
0 Initial Version.
21/22 Protection Version
00 Initial Version.
23 Self-Powered Functionality Version
0 Initial Version.
24 Communications Version
1 Initial Version + Modbus with function 03 added.
(*) Spare Code only for internal use at manufacturers.
M0IRSB1905I
1.2 Model Selection
1.2.3 Protection Functions according to Model

Number of Units
ANSI Functions
IRS-B
50 Instantaneous Phase Overcurrent. 3
51 Time-delayed Phase Overcurrent (Inverse / Fixed). 3
50N Instantaneous Neutral Overcurrent. 3
51N Time-delayed Neutral Overcurrent (Inverse / Fixed). 3
50Q Instantaneous Negative Sequence Overcurrent (I2). 3
51Q Time-delayed Negative Sequence Overcurrent (Inverse / 3
Fixed) (I2).
46 Open Phase Detector. 1
37 Time-Delayed Phase Undercurrent. 1
49 Thermal Image. 1
50BF Breaker Failure Protection. 1
Cold-Load. 1
Harmonics Blocking. 1
• Analog Channels
Model Analog Channels
IRS-B IA, IB, IC
M0IRSB1905I
1.3 Technical Data
1.3.1 Power Supply Voltage ...................................................................................... 1.3-2

1.3.2 Power Supply Burden ...................................................................................... 1.3-2
1.3.3 Current Analog Inputs ...................................................................................... 1.3-2
1.3.4 Measurement Accuracy ................................................................................... 1.3-3
1.3.5 Accuracy of the Pickup and Reset of the Overcurrent Elements ..................... 1.3-4
1.3.6 Repeatability .................................................................................................... 1.3-4
1.3.7 Transient Overreach ........................................................................................ 1.3-4
1.3.8 Digital Inputs .................................................................................................... 1.3-5
1.3.9 Digital Outputs Model 1 (2 DOs) ...................................................................... 1.3-5
1.3.10 Digital Outputs Model 2 (3 DOs) ...................................................................... 1.3-5
1.3.11 Energy Outputs ................................................................................................ 1.3-6
1.3.12 Communications Link ....................................................................................... 1.3-6
1.3.13 Battery .............................................................................................................. 1.3-6
1.3.1 Power Supply Voltage
IEDs have two types of auxiliary power supply.
24 VDC (±10%)
110 - 230 VDC (±20%) and 110 - 230 VAC (-20%/+10%)
Note: in case of power supply failure, a maximum interruption of 50 ms is allowed.
1.3.2 Power Supply Burden
Quiescent, powered at 125VCC.

<1.5W with DOs deactivated.
<2W with DOs activated.
Note: With power supply voltage from 87 to 300 Vdc the power consumption may be 0.4 W higher. The
efficiency is a function of the power supply voltage and is maximum at 125 Vdc approximately.
1.3.3 Current Analog Inputs
Phase, Neutral and Polarization Currents

Nominal Value In = 1 A
Thermal withstand capability 3xIn (continuously)
30xIn (for 1 s)
Dynamic limit 60xIn
Current circuits burden <2.5VA
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1.3 Technical Data
1.3.4 Measurement Accuracy
Measured currents
Phase ±3% or ±30 mA (the greater)
Calculated currents
Phase - Phase ±5% or ±50 mA (the greater)
I1, I2 and I0 ±5% or ±50 mA (the greater)
Angles ±2.5º
Note: Signal Processing
Sampling function adjustment of analog input signals is made by means of zero pass count of the positive
sequence current. The value of the calculated frequency is used to modify the sampling frequency used by the
metering device attaining a constant sampling frequency of 16 samples per cycle. The frequency value is saved
for later use in Protection and Control tasks.
When Protection and Control tasks are readjusted in accordance with the sampling function, phasor real and
imaginary components of analog signals are calculated by means of the Fourier transform. Fourier components
are calculated by means of said Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) using 16 sample/cycle. Using DFT this way
the magnitude and phase angle of the fundamental component at power system frequency of every analog
input signal is obtained. The rest of measurements and calculations of Protection functions is obtained based
on the fundamental components calculated by the Fourier method. DFT gives a precise measurement of the
fundamental frequency component and it is an efficient filter for harmonics and noise.
For frequencies other than the rated frequency, harmonics are not fully attenuated. For small deviations of
±1Hz this is not a problem but, in order to admit higher operating frequency deviations, the setting automatic
conversion to the sampling frequency, PLL, is included. In the absence of an adequate signal to carry out the
conversion of the sampling frequency or with the setting PLL disabled, the frequency will be converted to the
rated frequency at which the relay is operating (50/60Hz).
Angle reference for relay measurements is the channel IA.
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1.3.5 Accuracy of the Pickup and Reset of the

Overcurrent Elements
Overcurrent Elements
Pickup of Phases and Neutral ±5% or 30mA of the theoretical value
(the greater) (In = 1A)
Reset of Phases and Neutral 1.5 cycles for 50 and 60Hz
Measuring Times
Fixed Time ±5% of the setting or ±60 ms
(the greater)
Inverse Time Class 5 or ±60 ms (the greater)
1.3.6 Repeatability
Operating Time 2 % or 25 ms (the greater)
1.3.7 Transient Overreach
Expressed as: ST =
I −I
A T
x100
I A
<10% for totally inductive lines
<5% for lines with an impedance angle of 70º
IA = Pick up value for a current with no DC component

IT = Pick up value for a current with maximum DC offset
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1.3 Technical Data
1.3.8 Digital Inputs
Potential-free configurable input IN1 and IN2
Its activation takes place when there is continuity between both pins of the input. Therefore, it allows the
connection of a potential-free metal contact. When the contact closes, the digital input is activated.
1.3.9 Digital Outputs Model 1 (2 DOs)
All two relay contacts have the same physical features, and both are configurable.
I DC maximum limit (with resistive load) 30 A (1s)

I DC continuous service (with resistive load) 8A
Close 2500 W
Breaking capability (with resistive load) 150 W (48VDC)
55 W (110VDC)
1250 VA
Break (L/R = 0.04 s) 60 W at 125VDC
Switching voltage 250 VDC
1.3.10 Digital Outputs Model 2 (3 DOs)
All three relay contacts have the same physical features, and they are all configurable.
I DC maximum limit (with resistive load) 8 A (1s)

I DC continuous service (with resistive load) 5A
Close 1500 W
Breaking capability (with resistive load) 120 W (24VDC)
20 W (110VDC)
1000 VA
Break (L/R = 0.04 s) 10 W at 125VDC
Switching voltage 250 VDC
Note: if the relay is working just in self-powered mode, these three digital outputs will operate when the
single-phase current is greater than 30% of RC (rated current) or when the sum of the three-phase
current is greater than 3 times 16% of RC. The digital outputs will be deactivated when the single-phase
current is lower than 27% of RC or when the sum of the three-phase current is lower than 3 times 14%
of RC.
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1.3.11 Energy Outputs
Output 3 (Trip Coil)

Power 0.1J
Voltage 24 VDC
1.3.12 Communications Link
Local Communications Port (USB type B)

Serial Remote Communications Port RS485 three-wire.
RS485 Port Signals (P4·Serial Remote Port)

Pin 4 - (A) TX+ / RX+
Pin 6 - (B) TX- / RX-
Pin 5 - Isolated Ground
1.3.13 Battery
Type Lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl2)

Nominal Capacity 2.6 Ah
Nominal Voltage 3.6 V
Open circuit voltage (at +20ºC) 3.67 V
Nominal energy 9.36 Wh
Life 10 years
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1.4 Physical Description
1.4.1 General............................................................................................................. 1.4-2

1.4.2 Dimensions....................................................................................................... 1.4-3
1.4.3 Connection Elements ....................................................................................... 1.4-4
1.4.3.a Terminal Blocks ................................................................................................ 1.4-4
1.4.3.b Removing Printed Circuit Boards (Non Self-shorting) ..................................... 1.4-4
1.4.3.c Internal Wiring .................................................................................................. 1.4-4
1.4.3.d Removing Battery ............................................................................................. 1.4-4
1.4.4 Power Supply ................................................................................................... 1.4-5
1.4.4.a Self-Powered .................................................................................................... 1.4-5
1.4.4.b Auxiliary Power Supply .................................................................................... 1.4-5
1.4.4.c USB Power Supply ........................................................................................... 1.4-5
1.4.4.d Battery Power supply ....................................................................................... 1.4-5
1.4.5 Local Interface .................................................................................................. 1.4-6
1.4.5.a Alphanumeric Display and Keypad .................................................................. 1.4-6
1.4.5.b Keypad associated to the Alphanumeric Display ............................................. 1.4-7
1.4.5.c Keys, Functions and Operation Modes ............................................................ 1.4-8
1.4.5.d Access to Options ............................................................................................ 1.4-9
1.4.5.e LEDs............................................................................................................... 1.4-11
1.4.5.f Battery Key ..................................................................................................... 1.4-12
1.4.6 Inputs and Outputs ......................................................................................... 1.4-12
1.4.6.a Digital Inputs .................................................................................................. 1.4-12
1.4.6.b Auxiliary Outputs ............................................................................................ 1.4-14
1.4.7 Communications ............................................................................................ 1.4-15
1.4.7.a Communications Ports ................................................................................... 1.4-15
1.4.7.b Communication with the Configuration Tool .................................................. 1.4-15
1.4.7.c Communication Protocols .............................................................................. 1.4-15
1.4.7.d Communications Settings .............................................................................. 1.4-16
1.4.8 Time Synchronization ..................................................................................... 1.4-17
1.4.1 General
The equipments are made up of the following modules:
− Processor module and HMI.

− Analog inputs module.
− Digital inputs, digital outputs, energy output, communications and power supply module.
Except for the processor module and the HMI, boards will be mounted horizontally, consisting of
pull out modules. The external connection is made through a pluggable strip in case of input,
output, FA and communications modules (supported on a flange at the rear part of the module)
for pin terminals and a non-pluggable non-shorting strip for screws and ring terminals in case of
analog inputs.
Depending on the terminal configuration, all the inputs / outputs contacts may be used, or some
may remain as spare signals.
Next figures represent the external appearance of the IRS-B models. The alphanumeric keypad
and display, the local communication port type USB, the LED targets and battery push-button
are mounted on the front part of the equipment.
Figure 1.4.1 Front of an IRS-B Model.
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Figure 1.4.2 Rear of an IRS-B Model.
1.4.2 Dimensions
Relays are designed for panel flush mounting or in cabinet racks. Dimensions are 1/2 rack of
19" and 3 standard heights and two relays IRS-B can be placed on the same rack.
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1.4.3 Connection Elements

1.4.3.a Terminal Blocks
Strips are arranged horizontally as shown in Figure 1.4.2. Terminal arrangement by columns is
as follows:
- Slot A: terminal block of 6 terminals for 3 current transformer inputs.

- Slot B: terminal block of 17 terminals for relay auxiliary power supply, RS485
communication, 2 independent digital inputs, 2 commuted configurable DOs and 1
energy DO.
The ring lug terminals corresponding to the current

analog inputs take wires up to #10 AWG (6 mm2).
We recommend ring lug terminals for these
connections.
The Slot B connector is pluggable and the Slot A

connector will be non-pluggable and it can
permanently withstand a current twice the rated
current.
The terminals of the 17 terminals block admit a

#13 AWG (2.5 mm2) cable. Use of pointed hubs is
recommended to connect to terminals.
1.4.3.b Removing Printed Circuit Boards (Non Self-shorting)

The IED's printed circuit board can be taken out. WARNING: the current
connector is non self-shorting. Consequently, the CT secondaries must be
short-circuited externally before board removal.
The back plate and the printed circuit board are attached to the case with self-
tapping screws. These screws must be removed before the board is withdrawn.
This operation always requires the protection to be not in service.
1.4.3.c Internal Wiring

The equipment uses traditional printed circuit board connections and internal buses to minimize
internal wiring.
1.4.3.d Removing Battery

The equipment has an internal battery, the user can remove and change it. The battery is
accessible from the back side of the IED by means of removing cover, Slot C. Bear in mind that
the correct way of introducing the battery is by leaving the positive pole towards the cover.
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1.4.4 Power Supply

The IRS-B may be powered from the following sources:
- Phase A current.
- Phase B current.
- Phase C current.
- Auxiliary power supply (as a function of the selected model).
- USB port (connection to PC or external battery).
- Internal battery (the relay capabilities will be limited).
1.4.4.a Self-Powered
The IRS-B is self-powered from the current transformers used for protection functions. To this
end, standard 1A secondary current transformers are used.
The minimum values of current for booting and operation will be as follows:
- Current only through one current channel: 18% of RC (rated current).

- Current only through two current channels: 12% of RC.
- Current only through three current channels: 8% of RC.
1.4.4.b Auxiliary Power Supply

Depending on the model, continuous operation can be guaranteed by selecting a relay with
auxiliary power supply, such that the relay will remain on even if a trip is issued or the bay
switch is opened provided the external power supply is within the allowable range (refer to
Chapter 1.3, Technical Features).
1.4.4.c USB Power Supply

The IRS-B may be powered through the USB front port by means of PC or external battery
connection. Full operation of the relay is guaranteed without current presence in the input
channels, including tripping with the corresponding activation of the energy output.
1.4.4.d Battery Power supply

The IRS-B may be powered through the internal battery by pressing button in the frontal of
IED. Not full operation of the relay is guaranteed without current presence in the input channels.
The user only will be able to access all the protection settings to check or modify them and has
access to the fault reports and will be able to reset all the stored information (last trip and fault
reports).
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1.4.5 Local Interface

1.4.5.a Alphanumeric Display and Keypad
The screen resolution is 128x64 with   LINE    
capacity for 6 lines and 20 characters per
IA 0mA 0º
line and, depending on the model, it has a
white backlight LED. You can visualize IB 0mA 0º
alarms, settings, measurements, status, IC 0mA 0º
etc. from the display. Next to the display is IN 0mA 0º
the keypad. The next section explains the
functions associated to these keys. Figure
1.4.3 represents the layout of the default
display. Figure 1.4.3 Alphanumeric Display.
• Default Display
As shown in the figure, the home screen shows line current measurements to the upper left
corner and the status of the front and remote serial communications ports and the type of power
supply being used by the relay to the upper right corner, it being, from left to right, Battery,
auxiliary power supply, self – powered and USB.
• Backlight
Depending on the relay model the display will be provided with backlight according to the
autodimming settings. The backlight will be activated when the IED is operating with auxiliary
power supply. When the IED is just operating in self-power mode, the backlight will be activated
when the single-phase current is greater than 30% of RC or when the sum of the three-phase
current is greater than 3 times 16% of RC. The backlight will never be activated when the IED is
operating in battery mode.
• Autodimming
In those models which have backlight, their screen can be configured to keep the backlight
permanently active or to switch the backlight off after a given time. The user can modify the
Autodimming settings from the relay HMI by gaining access to the Configuration menu or else
from the ZIVercomPlus®. By default, autodimming will be enabled for 2 minutes so that the
screen will turn off by itself 2 minutes after the last interaction with the relay or after booting. If
the time is set to zero, the screen backlight will never light up, and will always be off. The screen
will always be lit up when the autodimming is disabled.
When a fault occurs, the relay backlight lights up according to the autodimming settings
automatically when the relay is powered externally through USB or auxiliary power supply, and
it will be off if it is only self-powered (the IED will switch off after the trip since it will open the
breaker). Once the relay has tripped and the autodimming time has experied, the relay will
automatically switch on the backlight with the following trip just if the previous trip has been
reset.
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1.4.5.b Keypad associated to the Alphanumeric Display

The keypad has 6 keys, as follows.
▲ From the default screen fault reports are

displayed (only if they exist).
► From the default screen, measurements are
visualized. Pressing again moves from one
measurement screen to the next one.
▼ From the default screen you can see the status
of the digital inputs and outputs.
◄ From the default screen it is accessed the
screen where is displayed the information related
to the last fault.
Figure 1.4.4 Keypad.
The keypad also provides an Enter key (in the center) Escape (ESC) and Clear (CLR):
Enter: Button used to Select or Accept.
ESC: Button whose purpose is to return to the previous screen.
CLR: Access button to the reset menu of memorized LEDs, last trip screen reset and fault
report reset. Fault reports to be erased are displayed on the HMI. The relay will keep in memory
all the fault reports that could be retrieved out of the front port through ZIVercomPlus®). Press
the button CLR to switch between reset menus that will be displayed only if there are data or
information subject to be erased.
To proceed with the reset, from the corresponding menu, press Enter around two seconds
until the prompt reset done is displayed on the screen. In case of resetting memorized LEDs,
the relay will activate all LEDs and will reset the ones memorized without showing any message
on the screen. If after the reset command and the activation of the 2 LEDs, any LED remains lit,
it is because the signal associated to this LED is active.
It is also possible to erase the last trip through the ZIVercomPlus® communication program by
pressing the execute button, Reset Trip, in the Control Operation menu.
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1.4.5.c Keys, Functions and Operation Modes

Below are the functions of the available keys, both the functions associated with the
alphanumeric display and those of the keyboard.
• Keypad
Confirmation key
The confirmation key is used for confirming an action: after making a selection, or
after editing a setting, or else to go on to visualize the totality of the registered
data. After an operation is carried out (selection, change of settings, information,
etc.), press ← again and return to the immediately previous level.
Escape key
The ESC key is used to exit the display if you do not wish to make any modification
in the setting, or if you simply wish to exit the information display. In any case,
when you press this key the system returns to the immediately previous level.
Reset key
Press the CLR key to gain access to the memorized LED reset menu, last trip
screen reset, oscillos reset, event reset and reset of fault reports shown in the HMI.
To proceed with the reset, from the corresponding menu, press Enter around
two seconds until the prompt reset done is displayed on the screen. In case of
resetting memorized LEDs, the relay will activate all LEDs and will reset the
memories without showing any message on the screen. If after the reset command
and the activation of the 2 LEDs, any LED remains lit, it is because the signal
associated to this LED is active.
Selection keys on the display

You can go forward or backward in correlative order, using the selection keys, to
any of the options available in a menu or submenu. When more than eight options
are available in a menu, an arrow (⇓) will be visualized on the right-hand side of
the display, indicating the existence of the same. These options will be accessed
with key ▼ and the options that appear in the first place will cease to be visualized.
Then, a bar with an arrow (⇑) will appear on the right-hand side of the display,
which will indicate, at the same time, the existence of these first options.
The key ◄ is also used for erasing digits within a setting when modifications are
being carried out on the same. It only has this function when the setting is being
introduced.
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• Auxiliary Function Keys
When this key is pressed from the default display, it gives access to the
information provided by the registration of fault reports.
The key ► is used for consulting the unit as regards the data pertaining to current,
voltage, power, etc.
The function key ► is used for rejecting the changes undertaken on the settings
(when the unit requests the confirmation of these changes) and to reject the
activation of a table of reserve settings (also when this confirmation is requested).
By pressing ▼ you can visualize the status of digital inputs and outputs from the
unit.
Once the status of digital inputs is on screen, click the function key ► to visualize
the status of digital outputs.
By pressing ◄ you confirm the changes of settings undertaken (when the unit
requests that changes need to be confirmed) or the activation of a table of settings
is confirmed (when the unit requests that changes need to be confirmed). By
pressing ◄ you can visualize the information about last trip.
1.4.5.d Access to Options

To access options, you must scroll around the menus using the selection keys and afterwards
confirm the option selected by pressing ENT.
• Operation
Range Settings
Range settings are displayed as follows: the operational value of the setting is displayed next to
ACT (Actual). The new value is introduced in the next line, next to NEW, where the cursor will
display an intermittent flash.
Auxiliary function keys are used for editing PHASE TOC PICKUP
the new value which must correspond with
the range specified in the last line of the
ACT: 0.10 A
display. If there is an error when a value is
introduced, you must use key ◄ to erase NEW: 
the same. Once the new value has been Range: 0.1 to 125
edited, press key  to confirm the same
and exit to the previous menu.
Figure 1.4.5 Range Settings.
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YES / NO Type Settings

There is a type of setting whose range is UNIT IN SERVICE
limited to options YES and NO. Keys ▲
and ▼ correspond in this case to values
ACT: SI
YES and NO. After this, press key  to
confirm the setting and return to the NEW: 0
previous screen. A similar case will be the Range: 0 = NO 1 = YES
numbered settings where the relay shows
the various options. Scroll with the keys ▲
and ▼ to get the required option. Figure 1.4.6 Numbered Settings.
Settings for the Selection of an Option

These settings present the layout of an INFORMATION
options menu. Select the required option 0 - Firmware Version
through the selection keys and
1 - Settings
confirmation using . Thus, the system
returns to the previous screen. 2  STATUS
3 - Measurements
4 - Fault Reports
Figure 1.4.7 Selection Settings.
Masks Settings
As can be observed in the figure, the different options are presented in vertical order. Its
current setting is: an empty square or a filled square which indicates enabled () or disabled
() respectively.
The mask is modified (in the line indicated OSCILLO CHANN. MASK
by brackets) using keys ◄ (1), enable,
and ► (0), disabled.
IA  []
In the event that there are more options IB  
than those that can represented in one IC  
screen alone, an arrow (↓) will appear at IN  
the end of the last line, which will indicate
the existence of that second screen. This Figure 1.4.8 Mask Settings.
second screen appears as soon as the
last option on the first screen has been
set.
Exit Menus and Settings

In order to exit a menu or setting that you do not wish to modify, press ESC key. To exit a data
display, you can either press the confirmation key  or ESC. In all cases, you will return to the
previous menu.
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• Last Trip Indication

If any trip takes place, the terminal would present, on the default screen, the data related to it in
a menu titled TRIP.
The last trip screen will appear only if after a reset a trip has taken place.
This last trip screen will remain as default screen until it is removed through the reset menu
accessed by the CLR key. When the trip has been reset using the CLR button, you can always
access the last trip information by pressing ◄.
1.4.5.e LEDs
The relay has five LEDs on the front, one of them with a fixed function and the rest are settable.
• Fixed function LED
The LED on the upper right part of the relay with the greatest separation from the other LEDs is
used to show the device status. It is a tricolor LED that will indicate the following conditions:
- Relay in operation: blinking green.

- Relay booting up: blinking green.
- Writing to flash memory: off.
- Relay in test mode: blinking orange.
- Relay in critical alarm: blinking red.
- Relay out of operation: off.
• Configurable LEDs
The relay has four configurable monochrome LEDs. They can be configured to be activated in a
fixed or blinking state and will always show the activation in red color.
These LEDs will be configured through protection settings, 8 signals being allocated to an OR
gate in combination with an AND gate that may also be assigned 8 signals to perform a simple
logic. In addition, each LED will have a Memorized setting that can be set separately per LED
so that when the setting is set to YES and the defined activation condition is deactivated after
an activation, the LED will keep turned on until a LED reset command is received. The reset
command may be carried out by the CLR key or through a digital input, a command from the
control panel or communications command if the relay is configured in the control logic to do so.
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1.4.5.f Battery Key

When this key is pressed in the frontal of the IED, it gives access to “battery
mode”. The display will show the main menu and the user will be able to access all
the protection settings to check or modify them. The user will also have access to
the fault reports and will be able to reset all the stored information (last trip, fault
reports and LEDs).
After pushing the button, the relay will be switched on for 15 seconds. If during that
time other kind of power supply appears (self-powering, external power supply or
frontal port) the device will automatically start using that other power supply mode.
On the other hand, if the IED is already switched on by self-powering, external
power supply or frontal port, pressing the battery button will have no effect.
When the device has been switched on with battery and the device detects that the
amount of battery is less that the minimum defined, the low battery led starts
blinking red.
When the user replaces the battery, the relay must be switch on by pressing the
battery button to reset the low battery led.
1.4.6 Inputs and Outputs

All inputs and outputs are located in the relay Slot B. All are settable.
Both inputs and outputs will be configured through protection settings, signals being able to be
assigned, per input, to an OR gate and 8 signals, per output, to an OR gate in combination with
an AND gate that can also be assigned 8 signals in order to have a simple logic for the
activation of the output in question, whose close time can be timed through a setting (Enabling
Time).
1.4.6.a Digital Inputs

The relay has two digital inputs:
- Potential-free input: This is digital input 1 and input 2. It will generate a protection trip if
continuity is detected and the input is configured to do so.
Digital inputs are filtered so that the relay sampling takes place every 2ms, 3 consecutive
samples with the same value being needed to deem it good and record the change. This
filtering is not settable.
The IED's metering elements and logic functions use Logic Input Signals in their operation.
They are listed in the tables along with the description of each of them and can be assigned to
the Physical Digital Inputs. It must be taken into account that several logic inputs can be
assigned to one physical input, but the same logic input signal cannot be assigned to more than
one physical input.
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Each protection element has a Logic Input into the module to enable or disable it through
digital input by level. This logic input is known as Element enable input..., and taking into
account its value together with the element own setting In operation, results into the type of
logic below:
Figure 1.4.9 Element Enable Logic.
The default value of the logic input signal Element Enable Input... is a “1.” Therefore, when you
do not configure at all, putting the protection elements into service depends only on the value of
the In Service setting of each of them.
Those protection functions that are put “out of service” by any of these methods will not
generate or activate any of their associated logic signals, not even those that may be configured
in the programmable logic and are directly related to these functions.
Table 1.4-1: Digital Outputs of the Inputs Module

Name Group Description Vis. Function
ENTRADADIGITALFISICA000 ED 1 I They indicate
Physical
that the
Digital
Inputs
ENTRADADIGITALFISICA001 ED 2 I corresponding
input has been
activated.
Note: The Visualization column (Vis.) indicates whether the signal is shown as indication in the relay status (I)
through the communications program and in the fault report (F).
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1.4.6.b Auxiliary Outputs

The relay has two types of outputs:
- Electrical mechanical change over outputs: they are the digital outputs 1, 2 and 3. They
are configurable and can be activated by internal protection signals taking into account
their settings. Depending on the model, the outputs can be normally opened or normally
closed. The standard model (option 2) will have the first two digital outputs as normally
opened and the third one as normally closed in order to be used to notify that the device
is in alarm or switched off (watchdog output). If the relay is working just in self-powered
mode, these three digital outputs will be operative when the single-phase current is
greater than 30% of RC or when the sum of three-phase current is greater than 3 times
16% of RC. The digital outputs will be deactivated when the single-phase current is lower
than 27% of RC or when the sum of the three-phase current is lower than 3 times 14% of
RC. In case When the current is less than those levels the relay will generate one event
in order to know why the DOs will not operate in case they should (DOs disabled low
current).
- The relay has 1 non-settable energy output, which is activated by the relay trip signal. It is
used to activate the breaker trip striker since it can provide 0.1J. This energy output will
not be reset staying at high level until the equipment is turned off.
Metering elements and logic elements generate in operation a number of logic outputs. These
signals or any other enabled relay signal can be used to configure the activation of each digital
output through the combination of an OR gate and an AND gate available in the protection
settings.
Table 1.4-2: Auxiliary Outputs of the Outputs Module

SALIDADIGITALFISICA000 DO 1 I They indicate that
the corresponding
Physical Digital Outputs
SALIDADIGITALFISICA001 DO 2 I input has been

activated.
SALIDADIGITALFISICA002 DO 3 I
DESHABILITASDS DOs disabled low current Indication that the

DOs have been
deactivated
because of the
minimum current
level required.
through the communications program and in the fault report (F).
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1.4.7 Communications
1.4.7.a Communications Ports
The IEDs of the IRS-B platform are provided with different types of communications ports
depending on the selected model:
- 1 Front Local Port USB type B for connection with the configuration tool.
- 1 Serial Remote RS485 Port depending on the model selection.
Technical data for these communications links can be found in Technical Data section.
Information on model ports can be found in Model Selection section.
1.4.7.b Communication with the Configuration Tool

Communication to set and download protection data (events, fault reports, disturbance recorder
files, etc.) can be achieved through Front Local Port.
Communications are established through ZIVercomPlus® program, which allows

communicating with the IRS-B family covering all needs regarding programming, settings,
recording, reports, etc.
The ZIVercomPlus® program is protected against non-authorized users through access

passwords. The ZIVercomPlus®, which runs in WINDOWSTM environment, is easy to operate
and uses buttons or keys to display the different submenus.
1.4.7.c Communication Protocols

IRS-B family relays are provided with the following protocols depending on the communications
port:
- Local Port: uses only protocol PROCOME.

- Serial Remote Port RS485: may communicate in MODBUS.
It is worth mentioning that communications through all ports can be maintained simultaneously.
PROCOME protocol complies with IEC-870-5 standards and is used for both protection and
control information management. On the other hand, protocol MODBUS can be used for control
information management.
Additional information on the MODBUS protocol can be found in the corresponding annex,
where the mapping of signals and measurements in memory are located.
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1.4.7.d Communications Settings

Based on the fact that the settings described below are totally independent for each port, they
are grouped as follows: Local Port Settings and Remote Port 1. Finally, specific settings for
each protocol are described.
Every time a communications session is started through one of these ports, the relay
communications port is displayed on the upper left corner of the relay alphanumeric screen
(HMI). From left to right would be local port and serial remote port.
That indication, in case of PROCOME 3.0 protocol, remains displayed during Communications
Password TimeOut setting for the PROCOME Protocol after the last communication carried
out; in case of MODBUS protocol the message remains displayed for one minute after the last
communication.
There are different time settings for each physical communications ports (Communications
Fail Timer), which, regardless of the protocol allocated, allow to configure the period of time
with no communications activity after which the corresponding alarms (digital signals and
events) of Communications Fail Remote Port and Protocol PROCOME are generated.
The setting options of the local communications port are:
- Communication Failure Indication Time (0-600 s.): maximum time between messages
without indication of communication channel blocking.
Serial Remote Port with 3 terminals has the following settings available for its configuration:
- Baud Rate: a value from 300 bauds to 57600 bauds can be chosen, default value being
38400 bauds
- Stop Bits: one of two stop bits can be selected.
- Parity: Even, Odd or No Parity (None) can be selected. No Parity is configured by
default.
- Comms Fail Timer (0-600 s.): maximum time between messages without indication of
communication channel blocking.
- Advanced settings:
1. Time
Stop Bytes Number RS-485 (0-4 bytes): it specifies the number of stop bytes
between transmit and receive when the port is configured as RS485.
2. Message modification
Number of Zeros (0-255): Number of zeros to insert as preamble to each
message.
3. Collisions
Type of Collision (NO / ECHO):
NO: Collision detection disabled.
ECHO: A collision is considered to have occurred when the characters received
do not coincide with the characters transmitted.
Number of Retries (0-3): Maximum number of retries in the transmission when
collisions are detected.
Minimum Time Between Retries (0-60000 ms): Minimum time between
retransmissions on collision detection.
Maximum Time Between Retries (0-60000 ms): Maximum time between retries
on collision detection.
Maximum Echo Delay (1-60000 ms)
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The configuration settings of the PROCOME 3.0 protocol are:
- IED Address (0-254): it specifies the address of the IRS-B relay (acting as RTU or
Remote Terminal Unit) in relation to the rest of equipment that communicate with the
same master station (MTU or Master Terminal Unit).
- Communications Password Enable (YES-NO): this setting allows enabling the access
password function to establish communication with the relay through the rear port: YES
means enabling the permission and NO, disabling.
- Communications Password TimeOut (1-10 minutes): this setting allows establishing a
period of time for activating a communication blocking with the relay (whenever
communication is via the rear port): if the set time expires with no activity taking place in
the communications program, the system blocks, and the communication must be
reinitiated.
- Communications Password: the communications password allows establishing a
specific password to access communications with the relay through the rear port. This
password can have a maximum of 8 characters, which will be entered using the HMI keys
or through the communications program if communications are stablished via front port.
The only configuration setting of the MODBUS protocol is the Relay Number (0-254), which
specifies the IRS-B relay address (acting as RTU or Remote Terminal Unit) with reference to
the rest of relays communicating with the same master station (MTU or Master Terminal Unit).
1.4.8 Time Synchronization

The time can be displayed in the information menu as well as by communications using the
configuration tool. The events, oscillographs and fault reports will be dated in accordance with
the same synchronized time.
This time and date may only be edited manually so that the relay may be synchronized from the
date and time assigned through HMI or by communications from the configuration tool.
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1.5 Installation and
Commissioning
1.5.1 General............................................................................................................. 1.5-2

1.5.2 Accuracy........................................................................................................... 1.5-2
1.5.3 Installation ........................................................................................................ 1.5-3
1.5.4 Preliminary Inspection ...................................................................................... 1.5-4
1.5.5 Tests................................................................................................................. 1.5-5
1.5.5.a Isolation Test .................................................................................................... 1.5-5
1.5.5.b Power Supply Test ........................................................................................... 1.5-6
1.5.5.c Metering Tests ................................................................................................. 1.5-6
1.5.1 General
Improper handling of electrical equipment is extremely dangerous; therefore, only skilled and
qualified personnel familiar with appropriate safety procedures and precautions should work
with this equipment. Damage to equipment and injury to personnel can result when proper
safety precautions are not followed.
The following general safety precautions are provided as a reminder:
- High magnitude voltages are present in Power Supply and metering circuits even
after equipment has been disconnected.
- Equipment should be solidly grounded before handling or operating.
- Under no circumstances should the operating limits of the equipment be exceeded
(voltage, current, etc.).
- The power supply voltage should be disconnected from the equipment before
extracting or inserting any module; otherwise damage may result.
The tests defined next are those indicated for the start-up of an IED. They do not necessarily
coincide with the final manufacturing tests to which each manufactured equipment is subjected.
The number, the type and the specific characteristics of the acceptance tests are model
dependent.
1.5.2 Accuracy
The accuracy of the measuring instruments and test source signals (auxiliary power supply
voltage, AC currents and AC voltages) is key in electrical testing. Therefore, the information
specified in the Technical Data section (2.1) of this manual can only be reasonably verified with
test equipment under normal reference conditions and with the tolerances indicated in the UNE
21-136 and IEC 255 standards in addition to using precision instruments.
It is extremely important that there be little or no distortion (<2%) in the test source signals as
harmonics can affect internal measuring of the equipment. For example, distortions will affect
this IED, made up of non-linear elements, differently from an AC ammeter, because the
measurement is made differently in both cases.
It must be emphasized that the accuracy of the test will depend on the instruments used for
measuring as well as the source signals used. Therefore, tests performed with secondary
equipment should focus on operation verification and not on measuring accuracy.
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1.5 Installation and Commissioning
1.5.3 Installation
• Location
The place where the equipment is installed must fulfill some minimum requirements, not only to
guarantee correct operation and the maximum duration of useful life, but also to facilitate
placing the unit in service and performing necessary maintenance. These minimum
requirements are the following:
- Absence of dust. - Absence of vibration. - Easy access.

- Absence of humidity. - Good lighting. - Horizontal or vertical mounting.
Installation should be accomplished in accordance with the dimension diagrams.

• Connections
The first terminal of the terminal block corresponding to the auxiliary power supply must be
connected to ground so that the filter circuits can operate. The cable used for this connection
should be 14 AWG stranded wire, with a minimum cross section of 2.5 mm2. The length of the
connection to ground should be as short as possible, but not more than 75 inches (30 cm). In
addition, the ground terminal of the case, located on the rear of the unit, should be connected to
ground.
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1.5.4 Preliminary Inspection

The following equipment aspects should be examined:
- The unit is in good physical condition, mechanical parts are securely attached and no
assembly screws are missing.
- The unit model number and specifications agree with the equipment order.
Figure 1.5.1 Name Plate (IRS).
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1.5 Installation and Commissioning
1.5.5 Tests
1.5.5.a Isolation Test
While testing for isolation of switchgear and external wiring, the IED must be disconnected to
avoid damage in case the test is not performed properly or if there are shorts in the harness,
since the manufacturer has performed isolation testing on 100% of the units.
• Common Mode
All the terminals of the IED must be short-circuited, except those that relate to the power supply.
The enclosure ground terminal must also be disconnected. Then 2000 Vac are applied between
the interconnected terminals and the metal case for 1 min or 2500 Vac during 1s between the
terminal group and the metal enclosure. When the IED has the inputs, outputs and converters
expansion card, terminals of the transducers do not need to be short-circuited (See External
Connection Schemes).
• Between groups
The isolation groups are made up of the current and voltage inputs (independent channels),
digital inputs, auxiliary outputs, trip and close contacts and power supply. Refer to the
connection’s schematic to identify the terminals to group for performing the test. Then 2500
VAC are applied during 1 sec. between each pair of groups. For the transducers test 1000 VAC
are applied during one second between this group and all the rest.
There are internal capacitors that can generate high voltage if the test
points are removed for the insulation test without reducing the test voltage.
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1.5.5.b Power Supply Test

The relay may operate with three types of power supply:
• Auxiliary Power Supply
If the selected model includes an auxiliary power supply (confirm model according to model list),
connect the power supply as shown in the table below.
VDC PROT
B3(+) – B2(-)
And check that the “in operation” LED activates switching blinking green and the relay screen
displays the line current measurements.
• USB
Connect the relay through the USB port or external battery and check that the “in operation”
LED activates switching blinking green and the relay screen displays the line current
measurements.
• Self-Powered
Inject 1A into the relay through one phase and check that the “in operation” LED begins to blink
a green color to indicate the correct running of the device and the relay screen displays the line
current measurements.
• Battery
Press the button of battery and check that the relay screen shows the main menu with the date,
the hour, the name of the relay and the indicator of the battery supply situation. Note that in this
condition no LED activates.
1.5.5.c Metering Tests

If trips are to be avoided during this test, elements must be disabled so preventing the
interruption of the current injection. Later, the currents indicated in the table below as an
example will be applied to each phase the measurements will be checked:
Applied Measured Phase of I Phase of I Freq.

Freq. Applied
Current Current applied measured Measured
X X ±5% Y Y ±2,5º Z Z ±5 mHz
Note: if high currents must be checked, these will be applied for the shortest possible time; for example, less
than 8 seconds for 20A. In order that phase angles can be displayed, the phase A current must be applied and
the injected current value must exceed the setting to this end. To measure the frequency, current must be
injected to any phase with a value above 0.1 times the rated current since frequency calculations are made
based on the number of zero crossings of the positive sequence current.
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1.6 Onload Test
1.6.1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 1.6-2

1.6.2 Current Connections ........................................................................................ 1.6-2
1.6.1 Introduction
The objectives of Onload Test are the following ones:
- Confirm that the external wiring of the current analog input channels is correct.
- Check the polarity of the current transformers.
- Check the current measurements (module and angle).
In order to proceed with the test, primary injections will be done to check the polarity and
transformation ratios. These tests can only be carried out if there are no restrictions related to
the energization of the bay and all the other devices of the bay where the protection relay is
located have already been commissioned.
Before starting the tests, check that all the test leads have been removed and ensure that the
external wiring is properly connected (it is possible that during the commissioning tests external
wirings have been disconnected).
1.6.2 Current Connections

Place a multimeter in series with each of the analog current inputs of the relay in order to test
the secondary values of each phase. This test will be carried out comparing the value of the
multimeter with the value displayed in the HMI of the relay when the transformation ratio is set
to 1. Check not only the module but also the angle. Modify the setting in order to show the
measurements in primary values. The measurements that are displays in the HMI of the device
or in the communication program should comply with the values which are specified in the
Measurement Accuracy paragraph in Chapter 1.3, Technical Data.
Check that when injecting a balanced system, the current which is flowing through the neutral
circuit of the transformer is negligible.
Ensure the current polarity is the correct one measuring the phase angle between the current
and the voltage which are being injected.
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1.7 Standards and Type Tests
1.7.1 Insulation .......................................................................................................... 1.7-2

1.7.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility .......................................................................... 1.7-2
1.7.3 Environmental Test .......................................................................................... 1.7-3
1.7.4 Power Supply ................................................................................................... 1.7-4
1.7.5 Mechanical Test ............................................................................................... 1.7-4
The equipment satisfies the standards indicated below. When not specified, the standard is
IEC-60255.
1.7.1 Insulation
Insulation Test (Dielectric Strength) IEC-60255-5

Between all circuit terminals and ground 2 kV, 50/60 Hz, for 1 min;
or
2.5 kV, 50/60 Hz, for 1s
Between all circuit terminals 2 kV, 50/60 Hz, for 1min;
or
2.5 kV, 50/60 Hz, for 1s
Measurement of Insulation Resistance IEC-60255-5
Common mode R ≥ 100 MΩ or 5µA
Differential mode R ≥ 100 kΩ or 5mA
Voltage Impulse Test IEC-60255-5
Common mode (Analog Inputs, DIs, AOs and PS) 5 kV; 1.2/50 µs; 0.5 J
Differential mode (AOs) 1 kV; 1.2/50 µs
Differential mode (Power Supply) 3 kV; 1.2/50 µs
1.7.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility
1 MHz Burst Test IEC-60255-22-1 Class III

Common mode 2.5kV
Differential mode 2.5kV
Oscillatory Waves Immunity Test IEC-61000-4-12 100 kHz and 1MHz Class III
Common mode 2.5kV
Differential mode 1kV
Fast Transient Disturbance Test IEC-60255-22-4 Class IV (IEC 61000-4-4)
4 kV ±10 %
Radiated Electromagnetic Field Disturbance IEC 61000-4-3 Class III
Amplitude modulated 10 V/m
Pulse modulated 10 V/m
Conducted Electromagnetic Field Disturbance IEC 61000-4-6 Class III
Amplitude modulated 10 V
Electrostatic Discharge IEC 60255-22-2 Class III (IEC 61000-4-2)
On contacts ±6 kV ±10 %
In air ±8 kV ±10 %
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1.7 Standards and Type Tests
Surge Immunity Test IEC-61000-4-5

(1.2/50µs - 8/20µs)
Between conductors 2 kV
Between conductors and ground 4 kV
Radiated Electromagnetic Field Disturbance IEC61000-4-8

at Industrial Frequency (50/60 Hz)
Radio Frequency Emissivity EN55022 (Radiated)

EN55011 (Conducted)
1.7.3 Environmental Test
Temperature IEC 60068-2

Cold work IEC 60068-2-1
-5º C, 2 hours
Cold work limit conditions IEC 60068-2-1
-10º C, 2 hours
Dry heat IEC 60068-2-2
+45º C, 2 hours
Dry heat limit conditions IEC 60068-2-2
+55º C, 2 hours
Humid heat IEC 60068-2-78
+40º C, 93% relative humidity, 4 days
Quick temperature changes IEC 60068-2-14 / IEC 61131-2 - IED open,
-25º C for 3h and
+70º C for 3h (5 cycles)
Changes in humidity IEC 60068-2-30 / IEC 61131-2
+55º C for 12h and
+25º C for 12h (6 cycles)
Endurance test +55º C for 1000 hours
Operating range From -25ºC to +70ºC
Storage range From -40ºC to +85ºC
Humidity 95 % (non-condensing)
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Environmental Test (55º, 99% humidity, 72 hours)
Time / Current Characteristic ANSI C37.60 Class II
1.7.4 Power Supply
Power Supply Interference and Ripple IEC 60255-11

< 20 % and 100 ms
Inverse Polarity of the Power Supply IEC 61131-2
Resistance of Ground Connection IEC 61131-2
< 0.1 Ω
Gradual Stop / Start Test IEC 61131-2 (Test A)
Surge Capacity IEC 60044-1
1.7.5 Mechanical Test
Vibration (sinusoidal) IEC-60255-21-1

a) Response: (Equipment running). Class I
Mechanical Shock and Bump Test IEC-60255-21-2 Class I
External Protection Levels IEC-60529 / IEC 60068-2-75
Front IP54
Rear Protection IP20
IP10 in Analog Terminals
Side IP30
Mechanical Protection IK07
The models comply with the EEC 89/336 standard of electromagnetic compatibility.
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1.8 Schemes and Drawings
Dimension and Drill Hole Schemes
3U x 1/2 rack de 19” >>4BF0104/0003
External Connection Schemes
IRS-B model 1 >> 3RX0207/0001

IRS-B model 2 >> 3RX0207/0002
POWER SUPPLY
TITULO:
TITLE:
"ATENCION" "WARNING" PROYECTO / PROJECT:
El contenido del presente documento es propiedad de ZIV Aplicaciones y Tecnología, y no puede
ser reproducido ni copiado sin la expresa autorización escrita de ZIV Aplicaciones y Tecnología.
The contents of this document belong to ZIV Aplicaciones y Tecnologia and may not be NUM.:
reproduced or copied without express written authorization from ZIV Aplicaciones y Tecnologia.
Fecha / Date Nombre / Name
Hoja / Sheet:
Dibujado / Drawn
Continua en Hoja:
Aprobado / Approved Continued on sheet:
Chapter 2.
Current Protection Units

2.1 Overcurrent Elements
2.1.1 Common Principles .......................................................................................... 2.1-3

2.1.1.a Operation and Reset ........................................................................................ 2.1-3
2.1.1.b Trip Blocking and Time Delay Disable ............................................................. 2.1-4
2.1.1.c Element Enable and Disable ............................................................................ 2.1-4
2.1.1.d Harmonics Blocking ......................................................................................... 2.1-4
2.1.1.e Time-Delayed Curves ...................................................................................... 2.1-5
2.1.2 Phase Overcurrent Elements ......................................................................... 2.1-23
2.1.2.a Identification ................................................................................................... 2.1-23
2.1.2.b General Block ................................................................................................. 2.1-23
2.1.2.c Operation Principles and Block Diagram ....................................................... 2.1-24
2.1.2.d Application ...................................................................................................... 2.1-25
2.1.2.e Example of Settings Calculation .................................................................... 2.1-25
2.1.2.f Setting Ranges ............................................................................................... 2.1-26
2.1.2.g Analog Inputs to the Unit ................................................................................ 2.1-26
2.1.2.h Digital Inputs to the Phase Overcurrent Unit.................................................. 2.1-27
2.1.2.i Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Phase Overcurrent Modules ................. 2.1-28
2.1.2.j Protection Element Test ................................................................................. 2.1-29
2.1.3 Neutral Overcurrent Elements........................................................................ 2.1-31
2.1.3.b General Block ................................................................................................. 2.1-31
2.1.3.d Application ...................................................................................................... 2.1-33
2.1.3.e Examples of Settings Calculation .................................................................. 2.1-33
2.1.3.f Setting Ranges ............................................................................................... 2.1-33
2.1.3.h Digital Inputs to the Neutral Overcurrent Element ......................................... 2.1-34
2.1.3.i Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Neutral Overcurrent Modules ............... 2.1-35
2.1.4 Negative Sequence Elements ........................................................................ 2.1-38
2.1.4.b General Block ................................................................................................. 2.1-38
2.1.4.d Application ...................................................................................................... 2.1-40
2.1.4.e Example of Settings Calculation .................................................................... 2.1-40
2.1.4.f Setting Ranges ............................................................................................... 2.1-40
2.1.4.h Digital Inputs to the Negative Sequence Overcurrent Element ...................... 2.1-41
2.1.4.i Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Negative Sequence Overcurrent
Modules .......................................................................................................... 2.1-42
Overcurrent Protection Elements

3 Instantaneous Phase Overcurrent 50F1 / 50F2 / 50F3
3 Instantaneous Neutral Overcurrent 50N1 / 50N2 / 50N3
3 Instantaneous Negative Sequence Overcurrent 50Q1 / 50Q2 / 50Q3
3 Time-delayed Phase Overcurrent 51F1 / 51F2 / 51F3
3 Time-delayed Neutral Overcurrent 51N1 / 51N2 / 51N3
3 Time-delayed Negative Sequence Overcurrent 51Q1 / 51Q2 / 51Q3
2.1.1 Common Principles

2.1.1.a Operation and Reset
Overcurrent elements operate as a function of input current RMS value. Elements activate when
RMS values exceed 1.05 times the pickup setting and reset at 1 time the pickup setting.
In case of instantaneous elements, every protection element is provided with a settable output
timer, which allows for optional timing of the instantaneous elements whereas in the time
elements, the pickup activation enables the time function, which will perform the integration of
the measured values. This integration is carried out by applying increments, as a function of the
input current, to a counter whose timeout determines the time element operation.
In time elements, when inverse time curve characteristic is used, two reset systems are
available: Instantaneous and Disk Emulation. The Instantaneous option is adequate for
applications requiring coordination with static relays, whereas the Disk Emulation option can
be used in cases in which the relay must be coordinated with electromechanical protections,
mainly when they are located towards the system power source.
If the Instantaneous reset system is selected, the pickup is reset when the measured value
goes down to 1 time the setting value. Drop of the measured RMS value below the pickup
setting value results in a quick integrator reset. For output activation, pickup must be active
during the entire integration time; any integrator reset brings the integrator back to initial
conditions, so that new activations start timing from zero.
If the Disk Emulation reset system is selected, the relay uses a reset process based on the
decrements of a timer that starts when the current drops below 100% of the element pickup
setting, using the reset curve adequate to the trip characteristic used.
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© ZIV GRID AUTOMATION, S.L.U. Zamudio, 2019
Chapter 2. Current Protection Units
2.1.1.b Trip Blocking and Time Delay Disable

Trip Blocking inputs can be programmed into time and instantaneous overcurrent elements,
which disable element trip if input is activated before trip is generated. If input is activated after
tripping, trip is reset. Even if the element is blocked, it remains operative such that if the relay is
under trip conditions when the blocking input is deactivated, the relay will issue a trip command
instantaneously.
Trip blocking inputs must be programmed before this blocking logic can be used.
Another programmable input exists that can turn a given time overcurrent element into
instantaneous. Said input is called Timer Disable and is available for all time-delayed elements.
2.1.1.c Element Enable and Disable

Relays are provided with an enable and disable input such that, the element being enabled by
protection setting, it can be disabled through the logic under given circumstances. In this way,
when the enable input is deactivated, the element is not operative and the element begins to
operate from zero when the enable input is activated.
2.1.1.d Harmonics Blocking

The energizing of a transformer causes transient saturation as a consequence of the DC
component generated in the magnetic flux. This results in high magnetizing currents (inrush),
which can be several times the machine rated current.
Under overexcitation conditions of the transformer, as a result of overvoltage and under

frequency, important magnetizing currents can also be produced.
In order to prevent overcurrent elements from operating upon said magnetizing currents,
overcurrent elements include the function Harmonics Blocking. In order that a distinction can
be made from a fault current and an inrush current, both with high fundamental frequency
component, the 2nd harmonic components are analysed, such that harmonic blocking elements
serve as inputs to overcurrent elements when they are so configured.
See the section corresponding to the Harmonics Blocking for more information.
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2.1.1.e Time-Delayed Curves

Time characteristics can be selected among the various types of curves according to IEC, IEEE
(Standard IEEE C37.112-1996) and US standards.
IEC CURVES
Inverse curve Inverse curve + time limit
Very inverse curve Very inverse curve + time limit
Extremely inverse curve Extremely inverse curve + time limit
Long time inverse curve Long time inverse curve + time limit
Short time inverse curve Short time inverse curve + time limit
IEEE CURVES
Moderately inverse curve Moderately inverse curve + time limit
US CURVES
Moderately inverse curve Moderately inverse curve + time limit
Inverse curve Inverse curve + time limit
Short time inverse curve Short time inverse curve + time limit
The RI Inverse Curve may be added to the above curves, mainly used with electromechanical
relays.
Time multiplier setting is the same as for IEC, IEEE, US and RI Inverse curves: range is 0.01 to
10 times.
A User-Defined time characteristic may be added to the above characteristics, downloading it

into the relay through the communications system. For inverse-time characteristics, delay time
settings are composed of two values: Curve Type and Time Multiplier (Dial) within the family.
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Curve types with Time Limit are regular time delayed functions with a time threshold, so that no
trip takes place before the specified time. This results in that beyond a specified time the
tripping curve turns into a horizontal straight line. This operate time limit coincides with the time
setting used in the Fixed Time option. Three different operating ways can result as a function of
the curve selected and the Fixed Time setting.
If the Fixed Time setting is so small

that the curve is not crossed, the relay
will operate as if the characteristic
curve were normal and not a Time
Limit curve.
Figure 2.1.1 Diagram of a Curve with a Time Limit for a

Time Overcurrent Element (Very Low Fixed Time Setting).
Setting the relay for a usual operation,

the Fixed Time setting will cross the
curve such that, from a given time, the
trip curve turns into a horizontal
straight line, ensuring that no trip will
occur for a time less than the Fixed
Time setting value provided this
setting value is lower than the time
determined by the curve when the
measured value exceeds 1.5 times
the setting value.
Figure 2.1.2 Time Limit Curve for a Time Overcurrent

Element.
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It may be that the Fixed Time setting

value is excessive with reference to
the curve times for the different
indicators, such that the relay may
never trip. If this should be the case, if
curve time (for the dial setting and a
current 1.5 times greater than the
setting) is less than the Fixed Time
setting, a time delay corresponding to
1.5 times the current is used as a limit
line for element operation.
Figure 2.1.3 Diagram of a Curve with Time Limit in case

of Fixed Time greater than Curve Time (in Pick-up x 1.5).
Therefore, it could be said that whenever the Fixed Time setting value is above the time
defined by the curve for a current 1.5 times the setting value, the operating time will be limited to
1.5 times, the trip curve being turned into a horizontal straight line.
Curves without Time Limit are not affected by the Fixed Time setting of the element, although
the note below must be taken into account to consider full operating function.
Each trip curve IEC, IEEE and US account for a characteristic that emulates the reset time of
electric magnetic relay disks for those relays provided with Reset Type setting. The equation for
the reset duration is as follows:
 
 
  where tr is the characteristic constant that varies
tr 
t RESET = index ×  as a function of the selected trip curve.
 2
 
  l   tr values are shown in the table below:
1 −  I  
  pickup  
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Trip Characteristic Reset Characteristic (tr)

IEC CURVES
Inverse curve 9.7
Very inverse curve 43.2
Extremely inverse curve 58.2
Long time inverse curve 80
Short time inverse curve 0.5
IEEE CURVES
Moderately inverse curve 4.85
US CURVES
Moderately inverse curve 1.08
Inverse curve 5.95
Short time inverse curve 0.323
When Inverse RI curve is selected, pick up resets instantaneously regardless the Reset Type
setting.
It should be noted that although curves are defined in the graphics for a given input of up to 20 times the
tap (the tap being the time element pick up setting), they will tend to be horizontal from 32 times the tap,
although, taking into account the analog input saturation, it is not always possible to guarantee this
range as shown below.
Bear in mind that current channel saturation limits are 32 A for phases. Based on these limits, the “times
the tap” for which curves are effective is a function of the setting:
Saturation Limit
If > 32 ,
Element Setting
curve operation is guaranteed for elements with said setting over the entire tap range (up to 32
times the setting).
Similarly, if a phase element is set with a value of 2A, as 32 times the setting is higher than the
saturation limit (64A > 32A), the curve will be effective up to 16 times the tap (32/2=16) so that, for any
higher value, the pickup time will be that of 16 times the tap instead of keeping different time values up
to 32 times the tap.
M0IRSB1905I
• Current / Time Curve: Inverse Functions

Figures 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.6, 2.1.7 and 2.1.8 present the inverse curves according to the IEC
standards.
Figure 2.1.4 INVERSE Time Curve (IEC).
0.14
t = × Index I measured
0.02 I =
IS −1 S I pickup
M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.5 VERY INVERSE Time Curve (IEC).
t =
13.5
x Index I measured
I =
IS −1 S I pickup
M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.6 EXTREMELY INVERSE Time Curve (IEC).
80
t = x Index I measured
2 I =
IS −1 S I pickup
M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.7 LONG TIME-INVERSE Curve (IEC).
t=
120
x Index I measured
I =
IS − 1 S I pickup
M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.8 SHORT TIME-INVERSE Curve (IEC).
0.05
t = x Index I measured
0.04 I =
IS −1 S I pickup
M0IRSB1905I
Figures 2.1.9, 2.1.10, 2.1.11, 2.1.12, 2.1.13, 2.1.14, 2.1.15 and 2.1.16 present the inverse
curves according to the IEEE and US Standards.
Figure 2.1.9 MODERATELY INVERSE Time Curve (IEEE).
 0.0515  I measured
=t  0.114 +  x Index I =
 IS
0.02
− 1  S I pickup

M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.10 VERY INVERSE Time Curve (IEEE).
=t  0.491 +  x Index I =
 IS
2

M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.11 EXTREMELY INVERSE Time Curve (IEEE).
=t  0.1217 +  x Index I =
 IS
2

M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.12 MODERATELY INVERSE Time Curve (U.S.)
=t  0.0226 + 0.02  x Index I =
 IS − 1  S I pickup

M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.13 INVERSE Time Curve (U.S.).
=t  0.180 +  x Index I =
 IS
2

M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.14 VERY INVERSE Time Curve (U.S.).
=t  0.0963 + 2  x Index I =
 I S − 1  S I pickup

M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.15 EXTREMELY INVERSE Time Curve (U.S.).
=t  0.0352 +  x Index I =
 IS
2

M0IRSB1905I
Figure 2.1.16 SHORT INVERSE Time Curve (U.S.).
=t  0.00262 +  x Index I =
 IS
0.02

M0IRSB1905I
And figure 2.1.17 presents the RI Inverse curve.
Figure 2.1.17 RI INVERSE Time Curve.
1
t = x Index
1 I measured
I =
0.339 − 0.236 ⋅   S I pickup
I 
 S
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.2 Phase Overcurrent Elements

2.1.2.a Identification
Description of the protection unit IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2
Instantaneous Phase Overcurrent Element 1 3I>> 50P1
Time-Delayed Phase Overcurrent Element 1 3I> 51P1
2.1.2.b General Block

IA →
IB →
IC → → PU_IOC (per phase)
50P → TRIP_IOC (per phase)
INBLK_IOC PH → PHSPIOC → TRIP_IOCM (per phase)
ENBL_IOC_PH →
HARM_2_BLK →
IA →
IB →
IC → → PU_TOC (per phase)
51P → TRIP_TOC (per phase)
INBLK_TOC PH → PHSPTOC → TRIP_TOCM (per phase)
ENBL_TOC_PH →
HARM_2_BLK →
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.2.c Operation Principles and Block Diagram

The phase element pickup is conditioned to the compliance with the conditions below:
- The element is enabled by protection setting.

- The current value of any phase exceeds 1.05 times the element pickup setting value.
- The blocking input is deactivated (if it is not configured, it is deactivated by default).
- The enable input is enabled (if it is not configured, it is always enabled by default).
Once the element has picked up, the trip can be instantaneous or timed if used is made of the
applicable time setting so as to adjust its selectivity taking into account other protections or
relays upstream or downstream.
The instantaneous element will be reset when the current value drops to 1 time the setting value
and will operate in accordance with the blocking, enable, harmonics, saturation and direction
signals explained in Common Principles section. Meanwhile, the time element will be reset
either at 1 time the setting value or using a reset curve adequate to the trip characteristic used
as a function of the Reset Type setting as has been explained in Operation and Reset section.
Figure 2.1.18 Block Diagram of a Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Element.
Figure 2.1.19 Block Diagram of a Phase Time-Delayed Overcurrent Element.
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.2.d Application
The phase overcurrent element is in charge of detecting fault currents flowing between two or
more phases in three phase power systems. The fault current can flow between the conductors
or between the conductors and ground, therefore, phase to phase, phase to ground and three
phase faults can be detected, phase to phase faults being typically more severe.
An example of a fault detected by the phase overcurrent element could be the contact between
two or more conductors due to a branch falling on a line.
The time set overcurrent element is of common use as backup for transformer differential and
distance protections, although it is also used as main element in medium voltage lines and
specific applications to detect close onto fault or in ring systems, among many others.
2.1.2.e Example of Settings Calculation

For pickup current and trip time setting calculation of the instantaneous overcurrent element, the
standard short circuit calculation principles should be taken into account. The example below
shows a typical calculation.
Starting values:
- CT: 1500/1.
- Load current: 1470 A.
- Lowest protection downstream: 400 A.
Relay settings must take into account both the load current and the reset current, such that it
operates only upon real faults. As the element picks up at 1.05 times the pickup setting, this
being exactly the minimum fault current value, the element will be set directly with this value,
referred to the secondary, as both the protection element and the settings are referred to the
secondary. Therefore, the pickup setting value must a minimum of 0.98 A.
When the relay is to be coordinated with other protections, their trip times must match as much
as possible, setting a proper definite time for each case.
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.2.f Setting Ranges

Protection / Overcurrent / Instantaneous / Phase Instantaneous (1, 2 and 3 Units)
Communications Program Range Step Default
Phase IOC Enable YES / NO NO
Phase IOC Pickup (0.01 - 30) In 0.01 A In
Phase IOC Delay 0 - 300 s 0.01 s 0s
Phase IOC Harm Blocking YES / NO NO
IOC: Instantaneous Overcurrent.
Protection / Overcurrent / Time Overcurrent / Phase Time Overcurrent (1, 2 and 3 Units)
Phase TOC Enable YES / NO NO
Phase TOC Pickup (0.1 - 30) In 0.01 A In
Phase TOC Curve See list of curves Fixed Time
Phase TOC Dial 0.01 - 1.5 (IEC) 0.01 1
0.01 - 10 (IEEE/US/RI) 0.01 1
Phase TOC Definite Time 0.05 - 300 s 0.01 s 0.05 s
Reset Type 0: Instantaneous Instantaneous
1: Induction Disk Emulation
Phase TOC Harm Blocking YES / NO NO
TOC: Time Overcurrent.
2.1.2.g Analog Inputs to the Unit

The operating magnitude of phase overcurrent elements will be the fundamental current IA, IB
and IC. However, the relay will take into account the presence of harmonics when harmonic
blocking is enabled, the relay being blocked when harmonic percentage exceeds the setting
value.
Table 2.1-1: Analog Inputs of the Overcurrent Modules

Name Description
IA Phase A Current
IB Phase B Current
IC Phase C Current
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.2.h Digital Inputs to the Phase Overcurrent Unit

Table 2.1-2: Digital Inputs to the Phase Overcurrent Modules
IN_BLK_IOC_PH1 Block Phase Instantaneous Unit 1 I
IN_BLK_IOC_PH2 Block Phase Instantaneous Unit 2 I Activation of the
Logic Inputs to
input before the trip
IN_BLK_IOC_PH3 Protection Block Phase Instantaneous Unit 3 I is generated
prevents the element
IN_BLK_TOC_PH1 Block Phase Time Overcurrent Unit 1 I from operating. If
IN_BLK_TOC_PH2 Block Phase Time Overcurrent Unit 2 I activated after the
trip, it resets.
IN_BLK_TOC_PH3 Block Phase Time Overcurrent Unit 3 I
ENBL_IOC_PH1 Enable Phase Instantaneous Unit 1 I Activation of this
input puts the
ENBL_IOC_PH2 Enable Phase Instantaneous Unit 2 I element into service.
Enabling Commands
ENBL_IOC_PH3 Enable Phase Instantaneous Unit 3 I It can be assigned to

status contact inputs
ENBL_TOC_PH1 Enable Phase Time Overcurrent Unit 1 I by level or to a
command from the
ENBL_TOC_PH2 Enable Phase Time Overcurrent Unit 2 I communications
protocol or from the
ENBL_TOC_PH3 Enable Phase Time Overcurrent Unit 3 I
HMI. The default
value of this logic
input signal is a “1.”
IN_BPT_PH1 Phase Time Overcurrent Unit 1 Time I
Logic Inputs to
Disable It converts the set

Protection
IN_BPT_PH2 Phase Time Overcurrent Unit 2 Time I timing sequence of a

Disable given element to
IN_BPT_PH3 Phase Time Overcurrent Unit 3 Time I instantaneous.
Disable
through the communications program and in the Fault Report (F).
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.2.i Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Phase Overcurrent

Modules
Table 2.1-3: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Phase Overcurrent Modules
PU_IOC_A1 Phase A Instantaneous Unit 1 Pick Up I,F
PU_IOC_B1 Phase B Instantaneous Unit 1 Pick Up I,F
PU_IOC_C1 Phase C Instantaneous Unit 1 Pick Up I,F
Pickup Protection Outputs
PU_TOC_A1 Phase A Time Overcurrent Unit 1 Pick I,F

Up
AND logic of the
PU_TOC_B1 Phase B Time Overcurrent Unit 1 Pick I,F
pickup of the current
Up
elements with the
PU_TOC_C1 Phase C Time Overcurrent Unit 1 Pick I,F corresponding torque
Up control input.
Up
Up
PU_TOC_C2 Phase C Time Overcurrent Unit 2 Pick I,F
Up
Up
Up
PU_TOC_C3 Phase C Time Overcurrent Unit 3 Pick I,F
Up
PU_IOC Instantaneous Pick Up (does not Pickup of the
generate an event) grouped current
elements (50, 50N,
50G, 50Q, 50GS)
PU_TOC Time Overc Pick Up (does not generate Pickup of the
an event) grouped current
elements (51, 51N,
51G, 51Q, 51GS)
M0IRSB1905I
Table 2.1-3: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Phase Overcurrent Modules
TRIP_IOC_A1 Phase A Instantaneous Unit 1 Trip I,F
TRIP_IOC_B1 Phase B Instantaneous Unit 1 Trip I,F
TRIP_IOC_C1 Phase C Instantaneous Unit 1 Trip I,F
TRIP_IOC_C2 Phase C Instantaneous Unit 2 Trip I,F

Trip Protection Outputs

TRIP_IOC_C3 Phase C Instantaneous Unit 3 Trip I,F Trip of the current
elements.
TRIP_TOC_A1 Phase A Time Overcurrent Unit 1 Trip I,F
TRIP_TOC_B1 Phase B Time Overcurrent Unit 1 Trip I,F
TRIP_TOC_C1 Phase C Time Overcurrent Unit 1 Trip I,F
2.1.2.j Protection Element Test

Elements must be tested one at a time, disabling those not being tested at that time. In case of
using a time element, the reset will be instantaneous.
• Pickup and Reset
Set pickup setting values of the corresponding element and check pickup by activating any
output configured to this end. It may also be verified by checking the trip flags in Information -
Status - Elements menu or the events generated by the IED. Likewise, it may also be checked
that the trip flag in said menu activates when element trips as well as the trip indication in the
HMI.
Table 2.1-4: Pickup and Reset of the Overcurrent Instantaneous Elements

Element Setting Pickup Reset
MAX MIN MAX MIN
X 1.08 x X 1.02 x X 1.03 x X 0.97 x X
In low ranges pickup and reset interval can be extended up to X ± (5% x In) mA.
M0IRSB1905I
• Operating Times
For testing, at least one relay output must be configured with the trip signals of the element
under test. The output configuration will be carried out with the ZIVercomPlus® changing the
protection settings of the output to be used as shown in the Inputs, Outputs and LEDs
Configuration section.
Figure 2.1.20 Operating Time Test Setup.
A current equal to 1.5 times the selected pickup setting value will be applied. The operating time
must match the indication on the table and the reset time will be equal to 1.5 cycles (30ms for
50Hz and 25ms for 60Hz) after stopping the injection.
Table 2.1-5: Trip and Reset of the Overcurrent Instantaneous Elements

Trip Time Reset Time
Unit Setting Rated Frequency
MAX MIN MAX MIN
50Hz
0
60Hz
50Hz
X
60Hz
0s, 50Hz => 22ms.

0s, 60Hz => 21ms.
Xs, 50Hz/60Hz => ±1 % of the setting or ±30 ms.
Reset always 1.5 cycles.
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.3 Neutral Overcurrent Elements

Description of the protection unit IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2
Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent Unit 1 3Io>> 50N1
Neutral Time-Delayed Overcurrent Unit 1 3Io> 51N1

I0 →
→ PU_IOC_N
50N → TRIP_IOC_N
INBLK_IOC N → NPIOC → TRIP_IOCM_N
ENBL_IOC_N →
HARM_2_BLK →
I0 →
→ PU_TOC_N
51N → TRIP_TOC_N
INBLK_TOC N → NPTOC → TRIP_TOCM_N
ENBL_TOC_N →
HARM_2_BLK →
M0IRSB1905I

The neutral element pickup is conditioned to the compliance with the conditions below:

- The current value of neutral exceeds 1.05 times the element pickup setting value.
as a function of the Reset Type setting as has been explained in Common Principles section.
Figure 2.1.21 Block Diagram of a Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent Element.
Figure 2.1.22 Block Diagram of a Neutral Time-Delayed Overcurrent Element.
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.3.d Application
Fault currents flowing to ground are detected by the neutral overcurrent element. The neutral
overcurrent element detects ground faults through the current calculated from the sum of phase
currents, namely, it does not use a magnitude directly read by a measurement transformer as is
the case for ground elements.
2.1.3.e Examples of Settings Calculation

For a totally balanced system, the residual current detected by the relay in the faulted bay
equals the coil current minus the sum of the load currents flowing from the rest of the system.
Also, the addition of the two sound phase load currents in each bay provides a total load current
of a magnitude three times the phase stationary value. Therefore, for a totally balanced system,
the detected unbalanced current equals three times the phase load current of the faulty circuit.
In this way, a typical setting can be about 30% of this value, namely, equal to the phase load
current of the faulty circuit. In practice, exact settings may be at the site, where system failures
can be applied and adequate settings based on actual results can be adopted.
In most cases, the system will not be totally balanced and, thus, a small stable fault current flow
is permitted. Therefore, the residual current observed by the IED at the faulty bay can be slightly
higher, which implies that its settings must be based on actual current levels where possible.

Protection / Overcurrent / Instantaneous / Neutral Instantaneous (1, 2 and 3 Units)
Neutral IOC Enable YES / NO NO
Neutral IOC Pickup (0.05 - 30) In 0.01 A In
Neutral IOC Delay 0 - 300 s 0.01 s 0s
Neutral IOC Harm Blocking YES / NO NO
Protection / Overcurrent / Time Overcurrent / Neutral Time Overcurrent (1, 2 and 3

Units)
Neutral TOC Enable YES / NO NO
Neutral TOC Pickup (0.05 - 30) In 0.01 A In
Neutral TOC Curve See list of curves Definite Time
Neutral TOC Dial 0.05 - 10 (INV) 0.01 1
0.05 - 10 (IEEE/US/RI) 0.01 1
Neutral TOC Definite Time 0.05 - 300 s 0.01 s 0.05 s
Neutral TOC Harm Blocking YES / NO NO
M0IRSB1905I

The operating magnitude of phase overcurrent elements will be the fundamental current IA, IB
and IC. However, the relay will take into account the presence of harmonics when harmonic
blocking is enabled, the relay being blocked when harmonic percentage exceeds the setting
value.
Table 2.1-6:Analog Inputs to the Overcurrent Module

Name Description
IN Neutral calculated current
I N = IA + IB + IC
2.1.3.h Digital Inputs to the Neutral Overcurrent Element

Table 2.1-7: Digital Inputs to the Neutral Overcurrent Modules
IN_BLK_IOC_N1 Block Neutral Instantaneous Unit 1 I
Logic Inputs to Protection
IN_BLK_IOC_N2 Block Neutral Instantaneous Unit 2 I

Activation of the input
IN_BLK_IOC_N3 Block Neutral Instantaneous Unit 3 I before the trip is
generated prevents
IN_BLK_TOC_N1 Block Neutral Time Overcurrent Unit 1 I the element from
operating. If activated
IN_BLK_TOC_N2 Block Neutral Time Overcurrent Unit 2 I after the trip, it resets.
IN_BLK_TOC_N3 Block Neutral Time Overcurrent Unit 3 I
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.3.i Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Neutral

Overcurrent Modules
Table 2.1-8: Auxiliary Outputs of the Neutral Overcurrent Modules
PU_IOC_N1 Neutral Instantaneous Unit 1 Pick Up I,F
PU_IOC_N2 Neutral Instantaneous Unit 2 Pick Up I,F AND logic of the
PU_IOC_N3 Neutral Instantaneous Unit 3 Pick Up I,F pickup of the current
elements with the

PU_TOC_N1 Neutral Time Overcurrent Unit 1 Pick Up I,F corresponding torque
PU_TOC_N2 Neutral Time Overcurrent Unit 2 Pick Up I,F control input.
PU_TOC_N3 Neutral Time Overcurrent Unit 3 Pick Up I,F
PU_IOC Instantaneous Pick up (does not Pickup of the
elements. (50, 50N,
50Q)
PU_TOC Time Overcurrent Pick Up (does not Pickup of the
elements. (51, 51N,
51Q)
TRIP_IOC_N1 Neutral Instantaneous Unit 1 Trip I,F
Trip Protection
TRIP_IOC_N2 Neutral Instantaneous Unit 2 Trip I,F

Outputs
TRIP_IOC_N3 Neutral Instantaneous Unit 3 Trip I,F Trip of the current

TRIP_TOC_N1 Neutral Time Overcurrent Unit 1 Trip I,F elements.
TRIP_TOC_N2 Neutral Time Overcurrent Unit 2 Trip I,F
TRIP_TOC_N3 Neutral Time Overcurrent Unit 3 Trip I,F
TRIP_IOC Instantaneous Trip (does not generate
an event) Trip of the grouped
Trip Protection
current elements.
(50, 50N, 50Q)
Outputs
TRIP_TOC Time Overcurrent Trip (does not

generate an event) Trip of the grouped
current elements.
(51, 51N, 51Q)
M0IRSB1905I

Elements must be tested one at a time, disabling those not being tested at that time.
HMI.

MAX MIN MAX MIN
X 1.08 x X 1.02 x X 1.03 x X 0.97 x X
• Operating Times
M0IRSB1905I
Table 2.1-10:Trip and Reset of the Overcurrent Instantaneous Elements

MAX MIN MAX MIN
50Hz
0
60Hz
50Hz
X
60Hz
0s, 50Hz => 22ms.

0s, 60Hz => 21ms.
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.4 Negative Sequence Elements

Description of the protection unit ANSI/IEEE C37.2
Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent Unit 1 50Q1
Negative Sequence Time-Delayed Overcurrent Unit 1 51Q1

I2 →
→ PU_IOC_NS
50Q → TRIP_IOC_NS
INBLK_IOC NS → NGSPIOC → TRIP_IOCM_NS
ENBL_IOC_NS →
HARM_2_BLK →
I2 →
→ PU_TOC_NS
51Q → TRIP_TOC_NS
INBLK_TOC NS → NGSPTOC → TRIP_TOCM_NS
ENBL_TOC_NS →
HARM_2_BLK →
M0IRSB1905I

The Negative Sequence Instantaneous element pickup is conditioned to the compliance with
the conditions below:

- The neutral current value exceeds 1.05 times the element pickup setting value.
as a function of the Reset Type setting as has been explained in Common Principles section.
Figure 2.1.24 Block Diagram of a Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent Element.
Figure 2.1.25 Block Diagram of a Negative Sequence Time-Delayed Overcurrent Element.
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.4.d Application
The Negative Sequence Overcurrent element detects unbalanced currents. Any type of fault
(phase-phase or phase-ground) generates negative sequence current, so this element offers
higher sensitivity, this sensitivity being lost in phase overcurrent elements as their settings must
be above the maximum load value. Ground elements, mainly the Sensitive Ground elements,
give good sensitivity, but they may not be able to detect certain types of faults.
The Negative Sequence Overcurrent element may be used as a system anomaly alarm
indication, or as a backup protection element, which may provide higher sensitivity upon
resistive faults where phase elements do not operate, or that may detect ground faults, which,
because of the type of connection, a neutral or ground element would not detect, as could be
the case of a ground fault in a star winding operating with a ground element in the delta winding.
2.1.4.e Example of Settings Calculation

The negative sequence element pickup value should be higher than the negative sequence
current generated due to the unbalance existing with the normal maximum load of the system.
This is why the setting of this element ought to be carried out with the relay installed, the setting
being at least 20% higher than the relay reading.
As the negative sequence element is normally used as a backup element, the time delay setting
will normally be high, it being higher than for the main protection elements: Phase, Neutral,
Open Phase, Thermal Image, etc. elements

Protection / Overcurrent / Instantaneous / Negative Sequence Instantaneous (1, 2 and 3
Units)
N.S. IOC Enable YES / NO NO
N.S. IOC Pickup (0.03 - 30) In 0.01 A 5.00 A
N.S. IOC Delay 0 - 300 s 0.01 s 0s
N.S. IOC Harm Blocking YES / NO NO
Protection / Overcurrent / Time Overcurrent / Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent

(1, 2 and 3 Units)
N.S. TOC Pickup YES / NO NO
N.S. TOC Curve (0.03 - 30) In 0.01 A 5.00 A
N.S. TOC Dial See list of curves Definite Time
Neutral TOC Dial 0.05 - 10 (INV) 0.01 1
0.05 - 1 (IEC) 0.01 1
0.05 - 10 (IEEE/US/RI) 0.01 1
N.S. TOC Definite Time 0.05 - 300 s 0.01 s 0.05 s
N.S. TOC Harm Blocking YES / NO NO
M0IRSB1905I

The operating magnitude of Negative Sequence Overcurrent elements will be the negative
sequence current (I2) calculated from the IA, IB and IC fundamental currents. However, the
relay will take into account the presence of harmonics when harmonic blocking is enabled, the
relay being blocked when harmonic percentage exceeds the setting value
Table 2.1-11:Analog Inputs of the Negative Sequence Overcurrent Modules

Name Description
I2 Negative Sequence Calculated Current
I A + I B ⋅1∠240° + I C ⋅1∠120°
I2 =
3
2.1.4.h Digital Inputs to the Negative Sequence Overcurrent

Element
Table 2.1-12: Digital Inputs to the Negative Sequence Overcurrent Modules
IN_BLK_IOC_NS1 Block Negative Sequence I
Instantaneous Unit 1
IN_BLK_IOC_NS2 Block Negative Sequence I

Instantaneous Unit 2
IN_BLK_IOC_NS3 Block Negative Sequence I Activation of the input

Instantaneous Unit 3 before the trip is
generated prevents
IN_BLK_TOC_NS1 Block Negative Sequence Time I the element from
Overcurrent Unit 1 operating. If activated
after the trip, it resets.
IN_BLK_TOC_NS2 Block Negative Sequence Time I
Overcurrent Unit 2
IN_BLK_TOC_NS3 Block Negative Sequence Time I

Overcurrent Unit 3
M0IRSB1905I
2.1.4.i Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Negative

Sequence Overcurrent Modules
Table 2.1-13: Auxiliary Outputs of the Negative Sequence Overcurrent Modules
PU_IOC_NS1 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Unit I,F
1 Pick Up
PU_IOC_NS2 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Unit I,F
2 Pick Up
PU_IOC_NS3 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Unit I,F AND logic of the
3 Pick Up pickup of the current
elements with the

PU_TOC_NS1 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent I,F corresponding
Unit 1 Pick Up torque control input.
PU_TOC_NS2 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent I,F
Unit 2 Pick Up
PU_TOC_NS3 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent I,F
Unit 3 Pick Up
PU_IOC Instantaneous Pick Up (does not Pickup of the
elements (50, 50N,
50G, 50Q, 50Ns).
PU_TOC Time Overc Pick Up (does not generate Pickup of the
an event) grouped current
elements (51, 51N,
51G, 51Q, 51Ns).
TRIP_IOC_NS1 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Unit I,F
1 Trip
2 Trip
3 Trip Trip of the current
TRIP_TOC_NS1 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent I,F elements.

Unit 1 Trip
TRIP_TOC_NS2 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent I,F
Unit 2 Trip
TRIP_TOC_NS3 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent I,F
Unit 3 Trip
TRIP_IOC Instantaneous Trip (does not generate Trip of the grouped
an event) current elements (50,
50N, 50G, 50Q,
50Ns).
TRIP_TOC Time Overc Trip (does not generate an Trip of the grouped
event) current elements (51,
51N, 51G, 51Q,
51Ns).
M0IRSB1905I

Elements must be tested one at a time, disabling those not being tested at that time.
HMI.

MAX MIN MAX MIN
X 1.08 x X 1.02 x X 1.03 x X 0.97 x X
• Operating Times
M0IRSB1905I
Table 2.1-15:Trip and Reset of the Overcurrent Instantaneous Elements

MAX MIN MAX MIN
50Hz
0
60Hz
50Hz
X
60Hz
0s, 50Hz => 22ms.

0s, 60Hz => 21ms.
M0IRSB1905I
2.2 Open Phase Detector
2.2.1 Identification ..................................................................................................... 2.2-2

2.2.2 General Block ................................................................................................... 2.2-2
2.2.3 Operation Principles and Block Diagram ......................................................... 2.2-2
2.2.4 Application ........................................................................................................ 2.2-3
2.2.5 Range Settings ................................................................................................. 2.2-3
2.2.6 Analog Inputs to the Unit .................................................................................. 2.2-3
2.2.7 Digital Inputs to the Open Phase Detector ....................................................... 2.2-4
2.2.8 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Open Phase Module ............................... 2.2-4
2.2.9 Open Phase Detector Test............................................................................... 2.2-5
2.2.1 Identification
Open Phase Detector 46
2.2.2 General Block

IA → (I2, I1)
IB → → PU_OPH
IC → 46 → TRIP_OPH
→ TRIP_OPHM
ENBL_OPH →
2.2.3 Operation Principles and Block Diagram

The purpose of the Open Phase element is to detect unbalance of the phases of the protected
line. It functions by measuring the negative sequence content of the circulating current. Both the
negative sequence (I2) and the positive sequence (I1) are calculated to obtain their ratio (I2/I1).
The element picks up when this ratio exceeds the set pickup value. Once picked up, the
element acts if the pickup is maintained for a period of time equal to or greater than the set
value.
The operation of this function is conditioned to the position of the breaker and to the level of the
positive sequence current: if the breaker is open or the positive sequence current is below the
Min. Load Open Phase setting, the element will be disabled. In addition, the function is
annulled when any one of the phase or neutral time or instantaneous elements picks up.
Pickup occurs when the value measured exceeds 1.02 times the pickup setting and resets at
0.97 times the pickup setting.
Figure 2.2.1 Block Diagram of the Open Phase Detector.
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2.2.4 Application
The function of the Open Phase element is to detect a fallen or broken conductor. It uses the
ratio between the negative sequence current, I2, and the positive sequence current, I1. When
the load is normal and balanced, this ratio is zero or very low, but when a severe load fault
occurs, an imbalance raises this ratio.
To avoid trips or pickups with no load or very low loads, this function is inhibited when the
positive sequence current I1 value is below the Min. Load Open Phase setting.
2.2.5 Range Settings

Protection / Open Phase
Open Phase Enable YES / NO NO
Open Phase Pickup 0.05 – 0.4 0.01 0.05 I2/I1
Open Phase Wait Time 0.05 - 300 s 0.01 s 0.05 s
Min. Load Open Phase* 0.50 - 25 A 0.01 A 2.50 A
(*) Minimum Load Open Phase.
2.2.6 Analog Inputs to the Unit

The Open Phase Element operating magnitude is the ratio between the negative sequence
current, I2, and the positive sequence current, I1, calculated from phase currents.
Table 2.2-1: Analog Inputs to the Open Phase Module

Name Description
IA Phase A Current
IB Phase B Current
IC Phase C Current
I2 Negative Sequence Current
I1 Positive Sequence Current
I A + I B ⋅1∠240° + I C ⋅1∠120°
I2 =
3
I A + I B ⋅1∠120° + I C ⋅1∠240°
I1 =
3
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2.2.7 Digital Inputs to the Open Phase Detector

Table 2.2-2: Digital Inputs to the Open Phase Detector
ENBL_OPH Enable Open Phase Detector I
Activation of this input puts the
Enabling Commands
element into service. It can be

assigned to status contact
inputs by level or to a command
from the communications
protocol or from the HMI. The
default value of this logic input
signal is a “1.”
2.2.8 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Open Phase

Module
Table 2.2-3: Auxiliary Outputs of the Open Phase Module
PU_OPH Open Phase Detector Pick Up I,F Pickup of the Open Phase
Detector and start of the time
Pickup Protection
count.
Outputs
TRIP_OPH Open Phase Detector Trip I,F Trip of the Open Phase
Detector
Trip Protection
Outputs
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2.2.9 Open Phase Detector Test

After putting all the phase and neutral elements out of service, this two-current system is
applied:
Ia = 1/0º and Ib = 1/60º (it is understood that these angles are inductive).
After setting the element to 0.2 I2/I1, it must not be picked up. After increasing the phase B
current, the element must pick up (the pickup flag at "1") with a current value in phase B
between 1.493 Aac and 1.348 Aac.
With the trip time set to 10 s, a current of 2 A / 60º in phase B is applied. A trip must be initiated
between 10.1 s and 9.9 s. Also the trip contacts must close.
It will also be checked that by adjusting the unit to 0.2 I2/I1 and the Min. Load Open Phase to
1.2 A, if we apply Ia = 1/0º and Ib = 2/60º, the unit should not operate. If, under the same
conditions, the Min. Load Open Phase is set to 0.8 A, the unit should pick up.
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2.3 Phase Undercurrent Element
2.3.1 Identification ..................................................................................................... 2.3-2

2.3.2 General Block ................................................................................................... 2.3-2
2.3.3 Operation Principles ......................................................................................... 2.3-2
2.3.4 Application ........................................................................................................ 2.3-2
2.3.5 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 2.3-2
2.3.6 Analog Inputs to the Unit .................................................................................. 2.3-3
2.3.7 Digital Inputs to the Undercurrent Element ...................................................... 2.3-3
2.3.8 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Undercurrent Module .............................. 2.3-4
2.3.9 Protection Element Test ................................................................................... 2.3-4
Phase Undercurrent Element 37
2.3.2 General Block

IA → (I1)
IB → → PU_MIN_I
IC → 37
→ TRIP_MIN_I
IN_BLK_MIN_I → → TRIP_MIN_IM
ENBL_MIN_I →
2.3.3 Operation Principles

Pickup takes place when the measured value is below 0.98 times the setting, and resets at 1.05
times the setting value.
Element pickup is subject to breaker status, which must be closed. In this case, the element
compares the pickup setting with the operating magnitude that, as a function of the setting
Current Select, will be the positive sequence current or the lowest of the phase currents. If the
operating magnitude is less than the setting (0.98 times) for a set time, the element is activated.
2.3.4 Application
Undercurrent function is used in motor applications to detect a drop in current as a result of load
reduction, as is the case for pump motors. If current is below a setting value for a given time
while the motor is in operation, the element sends a trip signal.
2.3.5 Setting Ranges

Protection / Undercurrent
Undercurrent Enable YES / NO NO
Current Select Direct Direct
Phase Current
Undercurrent Pickup 0.50 - 50 A 0.01 A 0.05 A
Undercurrent Delay 0.05 - 300 s 0.01 s 0.05 s
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2.3 Phase Undercurrent Element
2.3.6 Analog Inputs to the Unit

The operating magnitude of the Undercurrent element will be a function of the setting Current
Select. In this way, operation with the calculated positive sequence current, I1, or the lowest
phase current is allowed.
Table 2.3-1: Analog Inputs to the Undercurrent Module

Name Description
IA Phase A Current
IB Phase B Current
IC Phase C Current
I A + I B ⋅1∠120° + I C ⋅1∠240°
I1 =
3
2.3.7 Digital Inputs to the Undercurrent Element

Table 2.3-2:Digital Inputs to the Undercurrent Module
IN_BLK_MIN_I Block Phase Undercurrent Unit I Activation of input before trip
Logic Inputs to
is generated blocks element

Protection
operation. If activated after,

element resets.
ENBL_MIN_I Enable Phase Undercurrent Unit I Activation of this input puts the
Enabling Commands
element into service. It can be

inputs by level or to a
command from the
communications protocol or
from the HMI. The default
value of this logic input signal
is a “1.”
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2.3.8 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the

Undercurrent Module
Table 2.3-3: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Undercurrent Module
PU_MIN_I Minimum Current Unit Pick Up I,F Undercurrent Element
pickup and timing starts.
Pickup Protection
Outputs
TRIP_MIN_I Minimum Current Unit Trip I,F Undercurrent Element trip.

2.3.9 Protection Element Test

Bring elements not tested out of operation and select phase current operation mode.
Apply current through three phase terminals.
Keep current through two phases above element pickup setting and lower the current of the
other phase. Check that, for settings in Table 2.3-4, the pickup state flag of the Undercurrent
element sets to a permanent "1", when the current reaches a value between VA_MIN and
VA_MAX.
Table 2.3-4: Undercurrent Element Test (Pickup and Reset)

Undercurrent element pickup Undercurrent element reset
Setting VA_MIN VA_MAX VR_MIN VR_MAX
x x • 0.98 •·0.97 x • 0.98 •·1.03 x • 1.05 •·0.97 x • 1.05 •·1.03
• Operating Times
Set timer to 0 s and check that operating time is less than 30 ms.
Repeat test with X s timer setting and check that measured time is within the margin X ±1% or
±20 ms.
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2.4 Thermal Image
2.4.1 Identification ..................................................................................................... 2.4-2

2.4.2 General Block ................................................................................................... 2.4-2
2.4.4 Block Diagram .................................................................................................. 2.4-6
2.4.5 Application of the Thermal Image Function ..................................................... 2.4-6
2.4.6 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 2.4-7
2.4.7 Analog Inputs to the Thermal Image Unit ........................................................ 2.4-7
2.4.8 Digital Inputs to the Thermal Image Unit .......................................................... 2.4-8
2.4.9 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Thermal Image Unit ................................ 2.4-9
2.4.10 Thermal Image Unit Test................................................................................ 2.4-10
Thermal Image Unit 49
2.4.2 General Block

IA → (I2, I1)
IB → → AL_THERM
IC → 49 → TRIP_THERM
→ TRIP_THERMM
IN_BLK_THERM →
ENBL_THERM →

Using mathematical algorithms based on the material’s physics, thermal relays estimate the
temperature of the machine/device/line to be protected using the currents that flow through it.
The unit estimates the thermal state by measuring the current flow and resolving the thermal
differential equation in order to generate a trip when high temperature levels are reached.
The algorithms are based on modeling the heating of a resistive element when running an
electric current through it. The effect of radiation is not considered (since the impact is
considered negligible given the temperatures reached by the elements to be protected, less
than 400 ºC), nor are heat dissipation sources other than that deriving from the Joule effect.
Cooling of the equipment is also simulated if the current value returns to the nominal value after
a relatively short overload period.
The Thermal Image Unit does not have a threshold at which pickup starts: it is always “picked
up”. The trip time depends on the current flowing from a given instant up to when the
temperature limit is reached and the temperature value at a specific instant. The prior
temperature depends on what has happened before, the measured current and the time
applied.
The differential equation that controls any thermal phenomenon is the following:
dθ
I 2 = θ +τ ⋅
dt
Where:
I: Is the RMS value of the measured current.

τ: Is the cooling and heating time constant (Constant 1 and Constant 2 settings).
Imax:Value of the maximum admissible sustained current. Max. Operating Current Setting.
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2.4 Thermal Image
The time constant is

represented by τ and it
represents the time
needed for a body that
will go from an initial
temperature θ0 to a final
temperature θ∞ to reach
63% of the temperature
increase necessary for
θ∞; that is, the time it will
take to reach the
intermediate temperature
θi starting from θ0, where:
θi = θ0 + (θ∞ - θ0) * 0.63

Figure 2.4.1 Time Constant (Thermal Image).
Temperature values (θ) are always stored in case there is a failure in the IED's power supply.
There is a Thermal Memory Enable setting that you can set to YES so that the initial
temperature value will be the stored one whenever the IED is reinitialized. The saved value can
be reset by activating the digital signal Thermal Image Dropout Input.
This element is prepared to protect lines, motors or transformers from overheating. The type to
be protected can be selected through the setting Type of Device. According to this selection,
the element will use different ways to calculate the thermal status.
Lines. In case of lines, the square of the maximum current is taken as measurement
current (the element will use the maximum current flow, namely, the maximum value
between phase A, phase B or phase C currents). It has two time constants, one for
heating (as long as there is current flow, setting Constant 1) and one for cooling (when
the positive sequence current is below 0.1 A, setting Constant 2).
Motors. For motors, the measuring current used is the sum of the square of the positive
sequence and the square of the negative sequence. This last value is multiplied by a
scaling factor (Motor Scaling Factor). It has two time constants, one for motor stopped
(when the positive sequence is under 0.15 times the maximum current, Constant 1
Setting) and another for motor running (when the positive sequence is above 0.30 times
the maximum current, Constant 2 Setting)
Transformers. In case of transformers, the square of the current flowing through the
reference winding current is taken as measurement current (the element will use the
maximum current flow, namely, the maximum value between phase A, phase B or phase
C currents of the reference winding). It has two time constants, one in case it is ventilated
(Constant 1) and one in case it is not (Constant 2). They are switched from one to
another by means of a digital input named Thermal Constant Switched. By default, the
time constant is With Ventilation. It can be changed by configuring the Thermal
Constant Switched input. When this input is activated, the constant switches to Without
Ventilation.
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When the element is using the maximum current flow, it will use the maximum fundamental
current RMS value for the calculations according to the setting Type of Magnitude.
The thermal element estimates the thermal status in each case (line / motor / transformer) and,
when this reaches the set Alarm level, it activates the signal Thermal Image Alarm. When it
reaches the level equivalent to the level obtained by steady state Imax flow (Max. Operating
Current), a trip output is issued.
The thermal state is estimated thus:
- The initial value is θ = 0 or θ ≠ 0, depending on the initial thermal state.

- The thermal image unit is activated every 500 milliseconds. Each time, it subtracts the θ
value of the preceding sample from the current value squared:
A = I 2 −θ
- The value obtained is divided by the time constant and multiplied by 500 milliseconds.
0.5s
B=A
τ (s)
- This value is added to the preceding θ to obtain the current
θ=θ+B
The value of θ is calculated as a % of the maximum value. The Thermal Image Trip output is
activated when the corresponding θ value reaches the maximum current:
θtrip = Imax 2
Thermal Image Trip signal resets taking into account the setting Reset Threshold:
Reset Threshold(%)
θ Reset_trip = θtrip
100
Thermal Image Alarm output activates when θ reaches a value defined by the setting Alarm
Level:
AlarmLevel(%)
θalarm = θtrip
100
The Thermal Image Alarm signal resets when θ descends below 95%:
θ Reset_alarm = 0.95 ∗ θ alarm
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2.4 Thermal Image
The unit operates with a standard inverse curve.
2 2
I −Ip
t = τ ⋅ Ln 2 2
I − Imax
Where:
I: Measured current
used by the element.
Ip: Steady state pre-
load current before
applying the overload.
τ: Is the cooling and
heating time constant
(Constant 1 and
Constant 2 settings).
Imax:Value of the
maximum admissible
sustained current.
Max. Operating
Current Setting.
As τ is expressed in
minutes, the result of the
equation, namely, the
calculated time, is also in
minutes.
Figure 2.4.2 Operating Time Curves of the Thermal Image Unit.
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2.4.4 Block Diagram
Figure 2.4.3 Block Diagram of the Thermal Image Unit.
2.4.5 Application of the Thermal Image Function

On most occasions, electric system faults generate currents higher than the rated current of the
system’s elements. In these cases the thermal effects can quickly produce damages.
The protections that are regularly used in these cases use overcurrent, causing trips both
instantly and after a timed sequence using inverse “current / time” characteristics or set fixed
times. However, in some applications, this protection system presents certain limitations.
An example might be a system with two transformers set in parallel powering the same bus,
each of them running at loads below the rated load. If one of the transformers is out of service,
the other transformer steps in and takes on the full load, very likely running at a load above its
rated load.
With an overcurrent protection it can be disconnected in a very short period of time even when
power transformers are designed to run with excess loads for several minutes without suffering
any damage. During this period of time, there is no possibility of performing any action to reset
the situation.
Given its operating principle, the Thermal Image unit is highly indicated in these types of
situations. In general, it can be said that this function is complementary to other protection types
for cables or all kinds of machines (transformers, generators, etc.).
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2.4 Thermal Image

Protection / Thermal Image
Thermal Image Enable YES / NO NO
Type of Magnitude Fundamental Fundamental
RMS
Type of Device Lines Lines
Motor
Transformer
Constant 1 (Heating) 0.5 - 300 min 0.01min 0.5min
Constant 2 (Cooling) 0.5 - 300 min 0.01min 0.5min
Maximum Operating Current 0.20 - 12.50 A 0.01A 1A
Alarm Level 50 - 100% 1% 50%
Reset Threshold 50 - 100% 1% 80%
Motor Scaling Factor 1 -10 1 1
Thermal Memory Enable YES / NO - NO
2.4.7 Analog Inputs to the Thermal Image Unit

Table 2.4-1: Analog Inputs to the Thermal Image Unit
Name Description
IA Phase A Current
IB Phase B Current
IC Phase C Current
I2 Negative Sequence Current
I A + I B ⋅1∠120° + I C ⋅1∠240°
I1 =
3
I A + I B ⋅ 1∠240° + I C ⋅ 1∠120°
I2 =
3
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2.4.8 Digital Inputs to the Thermal Image Unit

Table 2.4-2: Digital Inputs to the Thermal Image Unit
C_CONST_T Thermal Constant Switched I Its activation changes the
constant in the thermal

image unit.
RST_MEM_T Thermal Image Dropout Input I Its activation resets the
memorized value.
IN_BLK_THERM Thermal Image Block Input I Activation of the input
before the trip is generated
prevents the element from
operating. If activated after
the trip, it resets.
ENBL_THERM Enable Thermal Unit I Activation of this input puts
Enabling Commands
the unit into service. It can

be assigned to status
contact inputs by level or
to a command from the
communications protocol
or from the HMI. The
default value of this logic
input signal is a “1.”
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2.4 Thermal Image
2.4.9 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Thermal

Image Unit
Table 2.4-3: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Thermal Image Unit
AL_THERM Thermal Unit Alarm I Alarm of the Thermal
Image Unit.
Generic Outputs of
Protection
TRIP_THERM Thermal Unit Trip I,F Trip of the Thermal

Trip Protection
Image Unit.
Outputs
THERM_ENBLD Thermal Unit Enabled I Indication of enabled or

disabled status of the
Enabled Units Protection
Thermal Image Unit.

Outputs
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2.4.10 Thermal Image Unit Test

Before performing this test, the protection should be turned off and then back on to reset the
thermal level. A current greater than the set maximum sustained current (Imax) is applied through
phase A. The trip time must be:
(I ± 1%) 2
t = τ ⋅ Ln 2
(I ± 1%) 2 − I max
where τ is the set time constant ζ1.
An example: a time constant without ventilation of 0.5 minutes and a maximum current of 5 A. A
current of 6 A is injected in phase A of the first winding. The time transpired until the unit trips
must be between 33.05 s and 38.18 s.
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2.5 Breaker Failure Unit
2.5.1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 2.5-2

2.5.2 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 2.5-4
2.5.3 Digital Inputs of the Breaker Failure Element .................................................. 2.5-4
2.5.4 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Breaker Failure Element ......................... 2.5-5
2.5.5 Breaker Failure Element Test .......................................................................... 2.5-5
2.5.1 Introduction
The Breaker Failure unit detects malfunctions following trip commands and generates a signal
to trip other breakers to clear the fault. The operation of this function is outlined in the block
diagram of Figure 2.5.1.
A trip command generated by the IED's internal protection elements (TRIP) or an external
protection device (EXT_TRIP) activates The Breaker Failure Initiate signal (I_BF).
When the I_BF signal is activated and current is still detected by the unit (P_CUR signal), starts
the counter for the breaker failure time delay (T_BF). If T_BF times out before I_BF resets,
indicating that the initial breaker failure conditions are no longer present, or P_CUR resets,
indicating that the unit no longer detects current, the BF output will activate.
The reset of either of the signals, I_BF or P_CUR, will immediately reset the timer, impeding the
generation of the BF signal.
Figure 2.5.1 Block Diagram of the Breaker Failure Function.
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In models that include retrip function, the PU_BF signal not only starts timer T_BF but also
starts timer T_RETRIP. Once this last timer times out, signal RETRIP activates aiming at
issuing a new trip command to the failed breaker before generating a Breaker Failure
command (BF). Obviously, the retrip time setting must be less than the breaker failure time. The
IEDs include, also, detection of breaker failure with no phase overcurrent. Trip signals, whether
from the same relay or external relay, which would produce the initiation of the breaker failure,
can be activated without the pickup of the phase current detection elements. This situation can
take place, in general, upon any type of disturbance tripped by elements independent from the
measured current, such as voltage elements, frequency elements, transformer own protection
elements etc. In this case, breaker failure detection is made based on breaker contact position:
when logic input No Load Breaker Failure Initiation (IN_BF_NLOAD) activates, the breaker
remaining closed, the timer T_BF_NLOAD will start. When said timer times out, signal BF
activates. The No Load Breaker Failure Input can be configured with the trip of the
transformer own protection elements, frequency elements, voltage elements, etc. The pickup of
the no load breaker failure element also causes a breaker to retrip (see figure 2.5.1).
Signal P_CUR will be activated while the value of any current is above the pick-up level set for
any of the phases or neutral currents. The most important characteristic of these current
detectors is their fast reset time to stop the timer as soon as the breaker has opened and made
the current disappear, not allowing the erroneous activation of BF.
The operating principle is based not only on the measurement of the RMS value but on the
measurement of instantaneous values. This last principle significantly reduces the reset time.
In order to detect as fast as possible that the current value is going down to zero, the device will
not check the RMS value but will check if at least 3 instantaneous and consecutive sampled
values are under the phases and neutral breaker failure pick-up value. If reset time would be too
long there would be high risk of non-stopping duly on time the counter and then cause false
trips on other circuit breakers different from the one on the faulty circuit, even when the current
went to zero.
To be able to use the external operation signal (EXT_TRIP) as part of this function, you must
program one of the IED's status contact inputs to be connected to this signal. Otherwise, the
EXT_TRIP signal will default to a logic "0". The same applies to the No Load Breaker Failure
Initiation Input (IN_BF_NLOAD). Likewise, the external use of the logic output of Breaker
Failure (BF) requires programming the connection between it and one of the auxiliary contact
outputs.
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Protection / Breaker Failure
BF Enable (Breaker Failure Eneble) YES / NO NO
BF Phase Pickup (0.08 - 8) In 0.01 A 0.08 A
BF Neutral Pickup (0.02 - 2) In 0.01 A 0.02A
Breaker Failure Time Delay 0.00 - 2.00 s 0.01 s 0s
Retrip Delay 0.00 - 2.00 s 0.01 s 0s
No Load Breaker Failure Delay 0.00 - 2.00 s 0.01 s 0s
2.5.3 Digital Inputs of the Breaker Failure Element

Table 2.5-1: Digital Inputs of the Breaker Failure Element
Name Description Function
Activation of this input puts the
unit into service. It can be
inputs by level or to a command
ENBL_BF Breaker Failure Unit Enable Input
from the communications
protocol or from the HMI. The
default value of this logic input
signal is a “1.”
Activation of this input indicates
to the Breaker Failure unit that
an external protection has an
EXT_TRIP External Protection Trip active trip and in case enough
current is available, it has to
start counting the breaker
failure time
The activation of this input
initiates the no load or no
overcurrent breaker failure. The
timer of this breaker failure will
IN_BF_NLD No Load Breaker Failure Initiation Input
only start when said input
activates, and the applicable
breaker contacts indicate it is
closed.
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2.5.4 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Breaker

Failure Element
Table 2.5-2: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Breaker Failure Element
Name Description Function
Signal for alarm or trip initiation
OUT_BF Output of Breaker Failure Operation
of other breakers.
The same as for the digital
ENBL_BF Breaker Failure Unit Enable Input
inputs.
Indication of enabled or
BF_ENBLD Breaker Failure Unit Enabled
disabled status of the unit.
The same as for the digital
EXT_TRIP External Protection Trip
inputs.
RETRIP Retrip Breaker retrip output
2.5.5 Breaker Failure Element Test

To test this element, one of the auxiliary contact outputs is configured for the Breaker Failure
function. All the units are disabled except the phase and neutral instantaneous overcurrent and
breaker failure units.
The phase and neutral instantaneous overcurrent pickups are set to 0.5 A and their time delay
to zero. The reset levels of the breaker failure units are set to the desired current reset and
operating time values. A trip is provoked by applying a 1 A current phase to neutral and
maintaining the current after the phase and neutral units trip. The breaker failure element will
operate in a period of time between ±1% and ±20 ms of the set value. To verify the operation of
this unit, an auxiliary output is configured as Breaker Failure.
The current is gradually reduced until the breaker failure unit reaches a stable reset. This must
occur for a value between ±1% of the set value.
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2.6 Harmonic Blocking
2.6.1 Identification ..................................................................................................... 2.6-2

2.6.2 General Block ................................................................................................... 2.6-2
2.6.4 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 2.6-4
2.6.5 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Harmonic Blocking .................................. 2.6-4
Description of the Protection Unit ANSI/IEEE C37.2
Harmonic Blocking 68
2.6.2 General Block

IA, IB, IC, IN →
→ HAR_2_BLK_X
68 → HAR_BLK_X
→ HAR_BLK_CROSS

The energizing of a transformer causes transient saturation as a consequence of the DC
component generated in the magnetic flux. This results in high magnetizing currents (inrush),
which can be several times the machine rated current.
In order to avoid the operation of overcurrent elements under the mentioned magnetizing
currents, the Harmonic Blocking function is included. In order to differentiate between a fault
current and an inrush current, both with high fundamental component, the 2nd harmonic
component is analyzed.
Energizing currents have a high 2nd harmonic content. Blocking by 2nd harmonics is enabled
through the setting 2nd Blocking Enable. The 2nd harmonic content is calculated for the three
phase currents and neutral current. When the ratio between the 2nd harmonic current and the
fundamental current exceeds, in percentage, the setting 2nd Blocking Pickup, the signals
Phase A Blocking by 2nd Harmonic, Phase B Blocking by 2nd Harmonic and Phase C
Blocking by 2nd Harmonic will activate, as a function of the type of current analyzed. The
signals Phase A Blocking by Harmonics, Phase B Blocking by Harmonics, Phase C
Blocking by Harmonics and Sensitive Neutral Blocking by Harmonics are OR functions of
the corresponding blocking signals by 2nd harmonic.
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2.6 Harmonic Blocking
All overcurrent elements include the setting Harmonic Blocking. When this setting is set to
YES, the applicable overcurrent element will be blocked by the corresponding blocking by
harmonics signal. The Phase A overcurrent element will be blocked by signal Phase A
Blocking by Harmonics, the phase B overcurrent element will be blocked by signal Phase B
Blocking by Harmonics, etc.
The calculation of the ratio harmonic current / fundamental current will only be carried out when
the fundamental current exceeds the setting Minimum Current (phase or neutral). This setting
must equal the minimum pickup level setting of the applicable overcurrent element (phase or
neutral).
For phase overcurrent elements, there is the possibility to enable a Cross-Blocking logic. This
logic allows for extending the blocking by harmonics to the rest of phases when at least in one
phase (OR option) or in two phases (2 out of 3 option) the harmonic level is high. The cross-
blocking logic keeps the safety under inrush situations when phase harmonic content is too low.
The 2 out of 3 option has a better response than the OR option. When the energized
transformer winding has the neutral connected to ground and another winding is delta
connected, the logic 2 out of 3 will never be met if the transformer is closed onto fault (internal
fault at the same time than the inrush current). If it is a single phase fault, the zero sequence
current from the ground connection will substantially reduce the harmonic content of the healthy
phases. If it is a polyphase fault the 2 out of 3 option will not be met either.
The AND option of the setting Harmonic Blocking Logic disables the Cross-Blocking logic.
The setting Cross Blocking Time limits the duration of the Cross-Blocking logic. In new
transformers, the inrush current has a smaller percentage of second harmonic than in old
transformers. As a result of the difference in current phase angle between the three phases
when switching on (voltage phase difference is 120º to each other), generating different DC
level in the flux associated to each phase, one phase could exist in which the inrush current
harmonic content is very small. In this case, cross-blocking logic must be used to keep the
safety. However, this logic will only be necessary during the first 4 or 5 energizing cycles, since
after this, as a result of the reduction of the inrush current, the 2nd harmonic content will have
increased. Hence, a recommended cross-blocking time is 100 ms. However, as mentioned
above, if the transformer is grounded star / delta and it is energized from the star side, the 2 out
of 3 logic will always be met. In this case the Cross-Blocking time could be extended to several
seconds.
The signal Cross Blocking by Harmonics indicates the Cross-Blocking logic setting: OR or 2
out of 3 is met. This signal will be used to block the negative sequence overcurrent elements,
provided the setting Harmonic Blocking is enabled.
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Harmonic Blocking Settings
2nd Block. Enab. YES / NO NO
2nd Blocking PU 5% - 100% 0.01% 20%
H Blocking Logic 0: OR 0: OR
1: AND
2: 2 OUT OF 3
Cross Blocking Time 0.05 - 300s 0.01s 0.1s
Phase Minimum Current 0.01 - 120 A 0.01 A 0.2 A
Neutral Minimum Current 0.01 - 90 A 0.01 A 0.2 A
2.6.5 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Harmonic

Blocking
Table 2.6-1: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Harmonic Blocking
HAR_2_BLK_A Phase A Blocking by 2nd Harmonic I
HAR_2_BLK_B Phase B Blocking by 2nd Harmonic I

Harmonic Lock and Saturation
HAR_2_BLK_C Phase C Blocking by 2nd Harmonic I

HAR_2_BLK_N Neutral Blocking by 2nd Harmonic I Phase, Neutral,
Detector
Ground, Sensitive
HAR_2_BLK_SN Sensitive Ground Blocking by 2nd Harmonic I Ground and
Ungrounded
HAR_BLK_A Phase A Blocking by Harmonics I
Harmonic Blocking.
HAR_BLK_B Phase B Blocking by Harmonics I
HAR_BLK_C Phase C Blocking by Harmonics I
HAR_BLK_N Neutral Blocking by Harmonics
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2.7 Cold Load Element
2.7.1 Identification ..................................................................................................... 2.7-2

2.7.2 General Block ................................................................................................... 2.7-2
2.7.4 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 2.7-4
2.7.5 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Cold Load Module .................................. 2.7-4
Description of the Protection Element ANSI/IEEE C37.2
Cold Load Unit CLP
2.7.2 General Block
BREAKER STATUS → → ACT_CLPU

CLP

If a breaker has been open for a long time after line recloser failure, problems may occur when
closing. When breaker is closed, large motors may start demanding high current peaks.
Overcurrent protection may activate as a result of this. Pickup levels must be increased to
prevent the above, and Table 2 can be used to this end as a second group with higher
calibration settings.
Assuming the relay works using Table 1 and a breaker trips, a timer starts timing (Time for
Group 2 Activation after Trip setting) and if breaker remains open after time-out, settings in
Table 2 apply. Table 2 will be the active table while breaker remains open.
When breaker closes, the equipment will be working with higher settings, and trips caused by
starting motors will not take place.
A timer starts timing after closing (Time for Previous Group Activation after Closing setting),
and if breaker remains closed after time-out, Table 1 activates.
If this function is disabled, Table 2 can be used in the same way as Table 1.
Since the IED will normally be in self-powered operation, it will shut down when the breaker is
open or when there is no current flowing through the position. For this reason, the unit has a
setting, Cold Load On, which allows the equipment to pickup always with Table 2 so that once
the time set in the Time for Previous Group Activation after Closing setting is restored,
Table 1 will be recovered again.
The equipment does not allow the Cold Load unit to be enabled when Table 2 is active. When
the Cold Load unit is active, the table change commands are disabled.
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2.7 Cold Load Element
Therefore, the operation of the unit will be as follows depending on the type of power supply
selected:
• Self-Powered Relay:
When the relay is switched off, regardless the status of the breaker (breaker open and
current cut-off or breaker closed with no current flow through the bay), the relay stores
the switch-off date. When the relay is switched-on again (indicating current is flowing
again through the bay) and the breaker is closed, before the protection elements start,
the relay compares the time during which it has been switched-off (without supplying
power to the load) with the Act Time Table 2 setting. If the time is above it, then Table 2
will apply. If the relay has been switched-off for very long time, the internal supercap that
supplies power to the RTC will be completely discharged and the relay date and time will
be lost. The relay will boot-up using Table 2.
If the Cold Load Start setting is set to YES, the relay will always switch to Table 2 when
booting-up.
The relay will start a timer after switching to Table 2. When the Prev. Table Time setting
value is reached, it will switch again automatically to Table 1. If the breaker opens and
thus the relay switches off before reaching the setting value, when booting again, the
process will start from zero.
• Externally Powered Relay (Power Supply or USB)
The element will be based on the breaker status, namely, on the Breaker Status Input:
Open(1) / Closed(0) internal signal value, which must be assigned to a digital input
The element will start operating when a change in the breaker status is detected. When
the breaker opens and the time lapse with the breaker open reaches the Table 2 Act.
Time setting value, Table 2 will apply. In this status, when the breaker closes and the
time lapse with the breaker closed reaches the Prev. Table Time setting value, Table 1
will automatically apply. If the breaker opens before the setting value is reached, when
booting again, the process will start from zero.
If Cold Load Start is set to YES, the relay will always switch to Table 2. Then, once the
closed breaker status is detected, the Prev. Table Time will count down and it will return
to Table1.
If Cold Load Start is set to YES, the relay will see the breaker open and switches to
Table 2 after the activation time. The relay switches off and when it is switched on, it
confirms that the breaker is open and remains in Table 2, which was already active. It will
return to Table 1 when it confirms that the breaker is closed and Prev. Table Time
counts down.
If the relay is switched off with the element operating, namely, the breaker has opened,
Table 2 Act Time has timed out and Table 2 applies, then, the relay can be switched on,
either because the external power supply is recovered, or current flows through the bay:
o Self-powered: the relay boots with Table 2, starts counting the time from booting and,
when Prev. Table Time setting value is reached, will switch again to Table 1.
o With Cold Load Start set to NO, External power supply: the relay is switched on and
the breaker remains open: the relay boots with Table 2 and does not switch to Table 1
until it confirms that the breaker is closed and Prev. Table Time counts down.
o With Cold Load Start set to NO, External power supply: the relay is switched on and
the breaker has closed: the relay boots with Table 2 and switches to Table 1 when
Prev. Table Time times out.
o If the relay recovers the external power supply at the same time than the self-power
supply, the condition defined for self-power will be followed.
If the relay loses the external power supply when the breaker is closed (namely, breaker
closed condition with no current flowing through the bay) and the external power supply is
recovered, the relay detects that the breaker has switched to open status and the
element will operate switching to Table 2 after 100ms.
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Protection / Cold Load
Cold Load Enable YES / NO NO
Time for Group 2 Activation after Trip 0 - 1800s 0.1s 120s
Time for Previous Group Activation after Closing 0 - 1800s 0.1s 120s
Cold Load On YES / NO NO
2.7.5 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Cold Load

Module
Table 2.7-1: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Cold Load Module
ACT_CLPU Cold Load Unit Activation (Table 2) I
This signal indicates that
Trip Protection
Cold Load logic is activated

Outputs
so that settings in Table 2

apply. Or is deactivated so
that settings in the original
Table apply.
CLPU_ENBLD Cold Load Unit Enabled I Indication of enabled or
Enabled Units Protection Outputs
disabled status of the

element.
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2.8 Configuration Settings
2.8.1 Description ....................................................................................................... 2.8-2

2.8.1.a Access Passwords ........................................................................................... 2.8-2
2.8.1.b Date and Time .................................................................................................. 2.8-2
2.8.1.c Communications .............................................................................................. 2.8-2
2.8.2 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 2.8-2
2.8.1 Description
The following setting groups are included into the Configuration group:
Passwords.
Date and Time.
Communications.
2.8.1.a Access Passwords

The Passwords option allows changing access passwords for options: Configuration,
Operations and Settings.
Select the Configuration option to change access password for configuration group options.
Also, different passwords can be configured for operations and settings modification options.
These settings are only available through HMI and the passwords are numerical consisting of
four digits.
2.8.1.b Date and Time

Selecting date and time in the configuration menu displays this setting to configure relay date
and time.
2.8.1.c Communications
See paragraph 1.4.7 on Communications.

Passwords
The factory-specified access password (full access) is 2140. Nevertheless, you can change the
password to access the following options with the keypad: Configuration, Operations and Settings.
Date and Time
Communications
See 1.4.7
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Chapter 3.
Records
3.1 Oscillographic Recording

3.1.2 Capture Function .............................................................................................. 3.1-2
3.1.3 Stored Data ...................................................................................................... 3.1-3
3.1.4 Start Function ................................................................................................... 3.1-3
3.1.5 Oscillograph Deletion Function ........................................................................ 3.1-3
3.1.6 Required Trip ................................................................................................... 3.1-4
3.1.7 Pre-Fault Time ................................................................................................. 3.1-4
3.1.8 Length of the Oscillograph ............................................................................... 3.1-4
3.1.9 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 3.1-5
3.1.10 Digital Inputs of the Oscillographic Recording ................................................. 3.1-6
3.1.11 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Oscillographic Recording........................ 3.1-6
Chapter 3. Records

The relay is provided with integral oscillogram programming functions adequate for the analysis
of complex system disturbances, such that, together with the events and fault reports, helps to
analyse any type of issue that might have taken place.
The Oscillography function is composed of two different sub functions: Capture and Display.
The first captures and stores protection data inside the IED and is part of the relay's software;
the second retrieves and presents the stored data graphically with one or more programs
running on a PC connected to the protection.
The sampling and storing frequency is 16 samples per cycle with 500 cycles total storing
capacity (10 seconds at 50Hz, 8.33 seconds at 60Hz) recording analog values and digital
signals. The maximum number of files of the oscillogram register is limited to 10, so that the
memory of each oscillogram register is fixed (50 cycles). Data will be saved in COMTRADE
format in a non volatile circular FIFO memory (FRAM memory) which is the same memory used
to save events and fault reports.
3.1.2 Capture Function

The oscillogram recording function may be activated from the relay internal protection function
or externally. In any case, system initiation is determined by a programmable mask applied to
trip signals.
When a trip signal is activated and its corresponding initiate function mask setting is set to YES,
this activation signal activates the oscillogram start. On the other hand, this activation signal, will
not initiate the Oscillogram function if its corresponding mask setting is set to NO.
As stated above, the oscillogram recording function can be activated from the IED itself taking
into account the protection functions or could be activated if the oscillogram External Trip
signal has been configured in any of the IED digital inputs and the corresponding digital input
has been activated.
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3.1.3 Stored Data

Each oscillogram recoding file consists of the oscillogram initiation date and time (dd / mm /
yyyy hh: mm: ss: ms), 3 analog values (analog input channels IA, IB, IC) and 16 digital signals
up to a total of 50 cycles. Below is the digital signal list:
Instantaneous Pickup
Time Overcurrent Pickup
Open Phase Detector Pickup
Breaker Failure Actuation
Instantaneous Trip
Time Overcurrent Trip
Open Phase Detector Trip
Undercurrent Trip
Thermal Image Trip
Protection Trip
External Protection Trip
Oscillo External Trip
Digital Output 1
Digital Output 2
Digital Output 3
Digital Input 1
Data will be stored with a resolution time equal to the sampling rate.
When there is no angle reference magnitude, all angles will be displayed in the relay with an
invalid value (***) and the oscillogram will display them at 0˚.
3.1.4 Start Function

The Start Function is determined by a programmable mask applied to certain internal signals
(element pickups, open command, etc.) and to an External Pickup signal (which, if it is to be
used, must be connected to any of the physical status contact inputs).
If the start function mask setting is YES, this signal activates the Oscillography startup. This
signal will not start the Oscillography function if its mask setting is NO.
3.1.5 Oscillograph Deletion Function

Since the oscillogram record files are stored in non-volatile memory, there exists a mechanism
that can delete the full contents of this memory externally. The oscillogram record Delete
Function operates pressing the CLR button together with the arrow ► or through the
ZIVercomPlus® communication program by pressing the execute button, Delete Oscillography
command, in the Control Operation menu.
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Chapter 3. Records
3.1.6 Required Trip

By default, the oscillogram record function will generate an oscillogram record file and, thus, will
save all data only if a trip occurs within the time configured as Length of the oscillogram record
(50 cycles minus the Pre-Fault time). There is a setting, Trip Required, which, if set to NO, will
generate the oscillogram record when there is an activation signal of any trip signal, regardless
whether there is a later trip within the duration time or not.
This setting will not affect the external trip, which always generates an oscillogram.
3.1.7 Pre-Fault Time

This is the length of the data previous to the fault that must be saved before the initiate function
initiates a record. It is user configurable by means of the Pre-Fault programming length setting.
3.1.8 Length of the Oscillograph

It is the oscillogram record length. Since the number of records stored in memory is always 10
and the total size is 500 cycles, the total programming time per oscillogram will be 50 cycles, so
that the length of the oscillogram recorder is 50 cycles minus the pre-pickup length.
Although the length of the oscillogram previous to the fault can be configured down to 0 cycles,
the relay will be without power supply after issuing the trip command. Therefore, the oscillogram
recording function will stop:
- When the internal power loss signal generated by the IED switches to active status.
- When the oscillogram pickup is deactivated. This can happen when the Trip Required
setting is set to NO and no trip occurs
- 50 cycles after pickup previous to the fault when the Trip Required setting is set to NO,
no trip occurs and the oscillogram pickup is not deactivated at that time
- 50 cycles after inception previous to the fault when the oscillogram recorder function has
been activated by the external trip.
When the Trip Required setting is set to YES and the trip command is not generated within 50
cycles after the pre-fault, no file will be saved to the oscillogram.
Figure 3.1.1 Length of the Oscillograph.
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Oscillo
Required Trip YES / NO YES
Pre-fault recording length 0 - 50 cycles 1 10 cycles
Trigger Mask
Setting Range Step Default IEC61850
IOC PH1 YES / NO - YES -
IOC N1 YES / NO - YES -
IOC NEG SEQ1 YES / NO - YES -
TOC PH1 YES / NO - YES -
TOC N1 YES / NO - YES -
TOC NEG SEQ1 YES / NO - YES -
OPEN PHASE YES / NO - YES -
MINIMUM CURRENT YES / NO - YES -
THERMAL IMAGE YES / NO - YES -
EXTERNAL TRIP YES / NO - YES -
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Chapter 3. Records
3.1.10 Digital Inputs of the Oscillographic Recording

Table 3.1-1: Digital Inputs of the Oscillographic Recording
Name Group IEC 61850 Description Vis. Function
TRIG_EXT_OSC RDRE1.RcdTrg Oscillography External I Input intended for
Trigger external triggering.
Logic Inputs to
Protection
3.1.11 Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the

Oscillographic Recording
Table 3.1-2: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Oscillographic Recording
Name Group IEC 61850 Description Vis. Function
PU_OSC RDRE1.RcdStr Oscillography Triggered I Indicates that a
oscillographic recording
Others
is on process.
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3.2 Event Record

3.2.2 Organization of the Event Record .................................................................... 3.2-2
3.2.3 Consulting the Record...................................................................................... 3.2-2
Chapter 3. Records

The relay includes up to 500 events, with a resolution of 1 ms, that are stored in a non volatile
memory (FRAM memory), based on a FIFO system. An event is generated whenever its
internal digital signal status changes (protection trip, environment signals, etc.). Therefore,
events are generated by activation (ON) and deactivation (OFF) of internal signals. Data saved
for each event will be:
Digital signal status (ON / OFF).

Event date, including year, month, day, hour, minute, second and milliseconds (up to 1
ms resolution).
The following magnitudes will be included: IA, IB, IC, IN, I2 (negative sequence current),
I1 (positive sequence current).
Event storage is optimized so that the events occurring in the same ms are stored in the same
register. The number of registers is 500.
The text related to an event is the text of the internal signal preceded by "ON" (or "activation")
and OFF (or "deactivation").
3.2.2 Organization of the Event Record

For downloading events, the following options will be included:
All: all the events will be downloaded.

Between dates: this allows selecting an initial and final date.
Events can be exported or imported with the following formats: XML, XLS and SQL. The All or
Selection options may be applied when exporting.
3.2.3 Consulting the Record

The communications and remote management program, ZIVercomPlus®, has a completely
decoded system for consulting the Event Record.
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3.3 Fault Report

3.3.2 Fault Start Time Tag ........................................................................................ 3.3-2
3.3.3 Trip Command Time Tag ................................................................................. 3.3-3
3.3.4 End of Fault Time Tag ...................................................................................... 3.3-3
3.3.5 Measurements ................................................................................................. 3.3-3
3.3.6 Fault Reports on HMI ....................................................................................... 3.3-4
3.3.7 Deletion of the Fault Report ............................................................................. 3.3-4
3.3.8 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 3.3-4
Chapter 3. Records

The relay includes integral fault programming functions adequate for the analysis of complex
system disturbances, so that together with the events and the oscillogram helps to analyse any
type of issue that may have occurred.
The Fault Report records the most important data related to the last 10 faults recorded by the
IED. The fault reports are saved in a non volatile circular memory, which is a maintenance free
memory that can store the records with no time limitation, even if the relay is not powered from
any power supply. Once 10 fault reports have been stored and a new one is generated, the
oldest fault report will be deleted to make room for the new one (FIFO circular register).
The fault notification system initiates when any element picks up and resets and all elements
reset. By default, fault report files are only generated if a trip occurs during a fault condition,
namely, when a trip command is issued. The Pickup Report setting allows selecting the option
to generate the report file when no trip has occurred. When the Pickup Report is set to YES,
the corresponding report is written to the fault report file with no need for a trip.
Access to Fault Report data is available through the communications ports using the
communications program and the relay HMI. Data stored in each fault report is described in the
following chapters.
Data stored in each register is distributed in three tags: Fault Start Time Tag, Trip command
Time Tag and End of Fault Time Tag.
3.3.2 Fault Start Time Tag

Displays the date (dd / mm / yyyy) and the time (hh: mm: ss: ms) of data capture of the first
protection element involved in the fault. It also includes data related to pre-fault measurements
and the elements collected during the fault:
- Pre-fault measurements. Relay measurements two cycles before the fault; This is, two
cycles before the first element captured, which is the element that initiates the generation
of the fault report. Recorded measurements:
o Measured phase currents: IA, IB, IC.
o Calculated currents: IN, negative sequence current (NSC), positive sequence current
(PSC), zero sequence current (ZSC).
o Angles of IA, IB, IC and IN.
- Elements collected during the total duration of the fault:
o Phase instantaneous overcurrent.
o Phase time overcurrent.
o Neutral instantaneous overcurrent.
o Neutral time overcurrent.
o Negative sequence instantaneous overcurrent.
o Negative sequence time overcurrent.
o Open Phase Detector.
o Undercurrent.
There is a special case. When the Thermal Image protection element is involved in a trip, and
no other protection element captures the date and time of the Fault Start Time Tag, the fault
report will be opened and closed with the element trip time.
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3.3 Fault Report
3.3.3 Trip Command Time Tag

It has the data related to (dd / mm / yyyy) and the trip time (hh: mm: ss: ms), as well as:
- Fault measurements. Relay measurements two and a half cycles after fault start; This is,
two and a half cycles after the capture of the first element. Recorded measurements:
o Measured phase currents: IA, IB, IC.
o Calculated currents: IN, NSC, PSC, ZSC.
o IA, IB, IC and IN are recorded with their angles.
- Elements tripped:
o Phase instantaneous overcurrent.
o Phase time overcurrent.
o Neutral instantaneous overcurrent.
o Neutral time overcurrent.
o Negative sequence instantaneous overcurrent.
o Negative sequence time overcurrent.
o Open Phase Detector.
o Undercurrent.
o Thermal Image.
In the case of thermal image protection, the trip time will be two milliseconds more than the time
mark stored in the Fault Start Time Tag.
3.3.4 End of Fault Time Tag

The end of the fault tag corresponds to the date (dd / mm / yyyy) and time (hh: mm: ss: ms) of
the reset of the last element involved in the fault. On the other hand, each fault report
annotation shows the following data at the trip time.
- Frequency.
- Thermal Image.
3.3.5 Measurements
By default, measurements recorded in the Fault Report will be referred to the secondary, but
they can be stored in primary values through a setting (Fault Report Primary / Secondary).
When fault report primary / secondary values are set to Primary, the measurements stored will
be multiplied by the corresponding transformation ratio setting:
IA, IB, IC, NSC, PSC and ZSC will be multiplied by the Phase CT Ratio setting
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Chapter 3. Records
3.3.6 Fault Reports on HMI

The IED can display fault reports on the HMI. For access, select Fault Report in the menu ▲.
This screen will show the last 10 fault reports so that users can select any of them.
Once a fault report has been selected, press the down arrow key to display all the data stored.
- First information:
o Recorded units.
- Second information:
o Activated units.
- Third information:
o Thermal Image.
o Measurements with angles: IA, IB, IC, IN.
o NSC, PSC, ZSC.
o Frequency.
On the default screen, press the left button to display summary information related to the last
trip:
- Type of fault.
- Time and date.
3.3.7 Deletion of the Fault Report

Because fault reports are stored in non-volatile memory, there is a mechanism to delete all the
contents of this memory externally. Fault Report Deletion function works by activating the key
CLR + right arrow or through the ZIVercomPlus® communication program by pressing the
execute button, Fault Records Reset Command, in the Control Operation menu.

When you modify any of the settings related to the fault report, the existing fault report files
remain in memory without modification.
Fault Report
Communications Program Range Step By Default
Pickup Reports YES / NO NO
Fault Report Primary / Secondary Primary / Secondary Primary
M0IRSB1905I
Chapter 4.
Test Mode
4.1 Test Mode
4.1.1 Operating Principle ........................................................................................... 4.1-2

4.1.2 Digital Output and Energy Output Test ............................................................ 4.1-2
4.1.3 LED Test .......................................................................................................... 4.1-3
4.1.4 Protection Test ................................................................................................. 4.1-3
4.1.5 Setting Ranges ................................................................................................. 4.1-3
4.1.6 Actions.............................................................................................................. 4.1-4
Chapter 4. Test Mode
4.1.1 Operating Principle

The relay has a Test Mode which enables the user to carry out different kind of tests in order to
verify the correct functionality of the protection system and the hardware during maintenance or
booting up periods.
The Test Mode function can be enabled as long as the relay is powered up by USB or by
external power supply. Furthermore, the correct way of executing the Test Mode is by means of
a command given through the HMI (Actions menu) or ZIVercomPlus® (Control Operations).
At the moment when the IED is switched to function in the Test Mode:
- The in-service LED will be flicking in orange colour.

- A Test Mode Activation event will be activated.
- The real analog and digital inputs will be disregarded and the only way of simulating them
is by utilizing the settings of the Test Mode.
The simulated values of the digital inputs and the analog inputs will be applied when a
protection test is being performed. In this situation, the user can decide if the relay outputs will
get activated or deactivated through a setting. In any case the events, the fault records and the
oscillography will be generated normally while the relay is still performing in Test Mode.
The Test Mode will be switched off manually by employing a command or automatically if a
configurable time is exceeded.
4.1.2 Digital Output and Energy Output Test

It is mandatory to be in Test Mode in order to be able to activate the digital outputs and energy
outputs tests. The test can be executed in two different ways:
1. Automatically. The automatic test will activate one by one all the different digital outputs
of the relay. Once all the DOs have been initiated, the IED will activate the energy output.
Each of the digital outputs activates for 2 seconds and then waits for 1 second until the
activation of the following DO.
2. Manually. This way the user will be able to activate or deactivate any digital output
including the energy output, so as to check the appropriate functioning.
There are different commands to select the process wanted (automatically or manually) to
proceed with the tests.
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4.1 Test Mode
4.1.3 LED Test

The IED has an automatic test to verify that all the LEDs turn on, with the exception of the In-
service LED.
Each one of the LEDs will activate for 2 seconds and will wait for 1 second until the activation of
the following one. Once all the LEDs have been activated and after waiting another second, all
the LEDs will turn on again for another 2 seconds. This is the way of implying that the LED test
has ended properly.
Just like in the previous tests, the IED has to be in Test Mode in order to execute the desired
test.
4.1.4 Protection Test

Once the relay is switched to the Test Mode, it is compulsory to execute the command of the
activation of the Protection Test in order to apply the values that are going to be configured into
the settings of the Test Mode.
The user will be able to test each of the protection units with the actual protection settings of the
relay and with all the values that were defined in the Test Mode configuration, such as, analog
and digital inputs.
If the setting of the activation of the DO associated with the protection test is activated and if the
protection test is being executed, the digital outputs will take the value of its signal or the values
of its associated intern signals provided that they are configured. This is the only moment when
the energy output will activate.

Protection/Test Mode
Communications Program HMI IEC 61850 Range Step Default
Analogue channels
IA Magnitude IA 0 - 300 A 0.01 0A
IA Phase ANG IA 0 - 360º 1º 0º
IB Magnitude IB 0 - 300 A 0.01 0A
IB Phase ANG IB 0 - 360º 1º 0º
IC Magnitude IC 0 - 300 A 0.01 0A
IC Phase ANG IC 0 - 360º 1º 0º
Digital Inputs
DI 1 INPUT 1 ON/OFF OFF
DI 2 INPUT 2 ON/OFF OFF
Test Mode Timer Tout test 60 - 1800s 1s 60s
Prot Test DO Activation Enable DO YES / NO YES
IN will be calculated according to the simulated values (IN = IA + IB + IC)
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Chapter 4. Test Mode
4.1.6 Actions
Test Mode
Communications Program HMI IEC 61850 Range Step Default
Test Mode Activation ACTIVATE TEST Activated Execute Deactivated
Deactivated
Protection Test Activation Protection Test Activated Execute Deactivated
Deactivated
LED Test Activation LEDs Test Activated Execute Deactivated
Deactivated
Output Test Activation
Test Mode Timer AUTO TEST Activated Execute Deactivated
Deactivated
Digital Output 1 DO1 Activated Execute Deactivated
Deactivated
Deactivated
Deactivated
Energy Output Energy 1 Activated Execute Deactivated
Deactivated
M0IRSB1905I
A. MODBUS RTU. Documentation.
Address Map
A.1 Preliminary Information ....................................................................................... A-2

A.2 Function 01: Read Coil Status ............................................................................ A-3
A.2.1 Modbus Address Map for IRS-B ......................................................................... A-3
A.3 Function 02: Read Input Status .......................................................................... A-3
A.4 Function 04: Read Input Registers ..................................................................... A-5
A.5 Function 03: Read Holding Registers ................................................................. A-6
A.6 Examples of Frames ........................................................................................... A-7
A.6.1 Function 01.......................................................................................................... A-7
A.6.2 Function 02.......................................................................................................... A-8
A.6.3 Function 04.......................................................................................................... A-9
A.6.4 Function 03........................................................................................................ A-10
Annex A. MODBUS RTU. Documentation. Address Map
A.1 Preliminary Information

This document is intended to serve as a reference in the study of the implementation of the
MODBUS RTU protocol in those IRS-B models that have a remote half-duplex RS-485 serial
port.
This document provides a detailed MODBUS address map (input status, coil status and input
registers) and their equivalent in the IRS-B relay.
The functions that will be implemented are:
ModBus Function Function Name Start Directions

01 Read Coil Status 0 x addresses
02 Read Input Status 1 x addresses
03 Read Holding Registers 4 x addresses
04 Read Input Registers 3 x addresses
In case of error, the following codes will be generated:
Function ModBus Answer Meaning

Illegal Function Code Received function code is not supported on the
01
device.
02 Illegal Data Address The start address or range of requested
addresses are not valid.
As previously mentioned, the protocol implemented is MODBUS RTU, where the IRS-B model
will always act as a slave and, therefore, will never start the communications. The user can
define the parameters to establish the communication, i.e. the Baud rate, Stop Bits, Parity, RX
Time between Characters and Communication Fail Time.
The mapping signals, i.e. the addresses of input status, coil status and input registers signals,
are fixed and are defined in the following sections of this Annex. This mapping will depend on
the FW version of the equipment, so if new units or signals were added in the future, these new
elements would be located from the last available address in order to maintain compatibility with
the previous models
The communication is carried out by data grouped in frames that are sent asynchronously. In
order to minimize the number of errors that may occur due to noise in the communications
channel, it is recommended to use a twisted shielded cable. If a 3-wire cable is used, the
ground terminals should be connected to the ground wire. If a 2-wire cable is used, the ground
terminals should be connected to the shield and the cable should be connected in a single point
to ground. When using long communication cables, it is convenient to use terminating resistors
whose value should be similar to the impedance of the cable.
M0IRSB1905I
IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection A-2
A.2 Function 01: Read Coil Status

A.2.1 Modbus Address Map for IRS-B
The MODBUS coil status address map for the IRS-B relay will be:
ModBus Records Rec. Format Rec. Address

Function Numb Type
01 Output 1 1 1 bit R 0x00001
Output 2 1 1 bit R 0x00002
Energy Output1 (stricker) 1 1 bit R 0x00005
A.3 Function 02: Read Input Status

The MODBUS input status address map for the IRS-B relay will be:

Function Numb Type
02 DI01 Status 1 1 bit R 1x00001
DI02 Status 1 1 bit R 1x00002
Protection In Service 1 1 bit R 1x00005
Any Unit Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00006
Any Unit Tripped 1 1 bit R 1x00007
External Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00008
IOC1 PHA Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00009
IOC1 PHB Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00010
IOC1 PHC Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00011
IOC N1 Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00018
IOC NEG SEQ1 Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00024
TOC1 PHA Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00027
M0IRSB1905I
A-3 IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection

Function Numb Type
2 TOC1 PHB Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00028
TOC1 PHC Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00029
TOC2 PHB Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00031
TOC3 PHB Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00034
TOC N1 Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00036
TOC NEG SEQ1 Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00042
Open Phase Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00045
Undercurrent Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00046
Thermal Image Alarm 1 1 bit R 1x00047
Breaker Failure Pickup 1 1 bit R 1x00048
PH A Harmonics Blocking 1 1 bit R 1x00049
PH B Harmonics Blocking 1 1 bit R 1x00050
PH C Harmonics Blocking 1 1 bit R 1x00051
Neutral Harmonics Blocking 1 1 bit R 1x00052
Harmonics Cross Blocking 1 1 bit R 1x00054
IOC1 PHA Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00055
IOC1 PHB Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00056
IOC1 PHC Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00057
IOC N1 Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00064
IOC NEG SEQ1 Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00070
IOC NEG SEQ2 Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00071
M0IRSB1905I

Function Numb Type
2 IOC NEG SEQ3 Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00072
TOC1 PHA Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00073
TOC1 PHB Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00074
TOC1 PHC Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00075
TOC N1 Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00082
TOC NEG SEQ1 Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00088
Open Phase Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00091
Undercurrent Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00092
Thermal Image Trip 1 1 bit R 1x00093
Breaker Failure activation 1 1 bit R 1x00094
Breaker failure Retrip 1 1 bit R 1x00095
Cold Load Unit activation 1 1 bit R 1x00096
Open (1) / Close(0) Breaker Status 1 1 bit R 1x00097
A.4 Function 04: Read Input Registers

The MODBUS read holding registers address map for the IRS-B relay will be:

Function Numb Type
04 IA 2 32 bit float R 3x00001
IB 2 32 bit float R 3x00003
IC 2 32 bit float R 3x00005
IN 2 32 bit float R 3x00007
I1 2 32 bit float R 3x00011
HARM2 IA 2 32 bit float R 3x00017
HARM2 IB 2 32 bit float R 3x00019
HARM2 IC 2 32 bit float R 3x00021
HARM2 IN 2 32 bit float R 3x00023
FREQUENCY 2 32 bit float R 3x00027
THERMAL IMAGE 2 32 bit float R 3x00029
M0IRSB1905I
A.5 Function 03: Read Holding Registers

Depending on the model selection the IRS could also have the following registers available:

Function Numb Type
03 IA 2 32 bit float R 4x0300
IB 2 32 bit float R 4x0302
IC 2 32 bit float R 4x0304
IN 2 32 bit float R 4x0306
Trip 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0500 – 0
External Trip 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0500 – 1
Trip Power 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0500 – 2
Ready 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0500 - 6
50-1 Trip 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0504 – 11
51 Trip 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0506 – 11
50G-1 Trip 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0508 – 12
51G Trip 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0510 – 12
Ìnput 1 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0512 – 0
Input2 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0512 – 1
Output 1 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0514 – 0
Trip output 1 bit 32 bit R 4x0514 – 3
M0IRSB1905I
A.6 Examples of Frames

A.6.1 Function 01
Correct request of 3 BITs starting from address 1:
Request:
Slave Address Function Code Initial Address Number Register CRC

01 01 00 00 00 03 7C 0B
Answer:
Slave Address Function Code Lenght Data CRC

01 01 01 00 00 51 88
Data interpretation: 000
Incorrect request of 1 BIT starting from address 7:

Request:

01 01 00 07 00 01 4C 0B
Answer:
Slave Address Function Code Data CRC

01 81 02 C1 91
Data interpretation: Illegal data address.
M0IRSB1905I
A.6.2 Function 02
Correct request of 6 BITs starting from address 1:
Request:

01 02 00 00 00 06 F8 08
Answer:
Slave Address Function Code Lenght Data CRC

01 02 01 13 E0 45
Data interpretation: 110011
Incorrect request of 1 BIT starting from address 800:

Request:

01 02 03 20 00 01 88 48
Answer:

01 82 02 C1 61
M0IRSB1905I
A.6.3 Function 04
Correct request of 6 registers starting from address 1:
Request:

01 04 00 00 00 06 70 08
Answer:
Slave Function
Lenght Measurement 1 Measurement 2 Measurement 3 CRC
Address Code
01 04 0C FB 03 3A B4 88 EF 3B 1F C1 45 3A 3E 22 E9
Data interpretation: 3 float measurements (32 bits). IA, IB and IC
Incorrect request of 1 Register starting from address 1

Request:

01 04 00 00 00 01 31 CA
Answer:

01 84 02 C2 C1
M0IRSB1905I
A.6.4 Function 03
Correct request of 2 registers starting from address 512 (digital signals):
Request:

01 03 02 00 00 02 C5 B3
Answer:
Slave Function
Lenght Register 1 Register 2 CRC
Address Code
01 03 04 00 03 00 00 0A 33
Data interpretation (2 registers of 16 bits): 0000000000000011 0000000000000000

Bits 1 and 2 of register 512 activated.
Correct request of 4 registers starting from address 300 (measurements):

Request:

01 03 01 2C 00 04 84 3C
Answer:
Slave Function
Lenght Register 1 Register 2 CRC
Address Code
01 03 04 00 03 00 00 0A 33
Slave Function
Lenght Measurement 1 Measurement 2 CRC
Address Code
01 03 08 4E 21 3A 35 51 53 3A 28 5A 64
Data interpretation: 2 float measurements (32 bits). IA and IB
Incorrect request of 2 Register starting from address 720:

Request:

01 03 02 D0 00 02 C4 4A
Answer:

01 83 02 C0 F1
M0IRSB1905I
B. Parameter Configurations
B.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................... B-2

B.2 Nominal Values ................................................................................................... B-2
B.3 Comunications .................................................................................................... B-2
B.4 Test Mode ........................................................................................................... B-3
B.5 General................................................................................................................ B-3
B.6 Phase Time Overcurrent Protection .................................................................... B-3
B.7 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent Protection .............................................. B-4
B.8 Neutral Time Overcurrent Protection .................................................................. B-4
B.9 Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection ..................................................... B-5
B.10 Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection.................................................... B-5
B.11 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection................................ B-5
B.12 Harmonic Blocking .............................................................................................. B-6
B.13 Breaker Failure .................................................................................................... B-6
B.14 Open Phase ........................................................................................................ B-6
B.15 Thermal Image .................................................................................................... B-7
B.16 Phase Undercurrent ............................................................................................ B-7
B.17 Cold Load ............................................................................................................ B-7
B.18 Trips .................................................................................................................... B-8
B.19 Oscillography ...................................................................................................... B-9
B.20 Fault Records .................................................................................................... B-10
Annex B. Parameter Configurations
B.1 Introduction
This document provides a detailed explanation of each of the settings that can be configured on
the IED, both in the communications program and in the HMI. The configurable settings are
detailed in the following sections.
B.2 Nominal Values

Settings Communications Program Settings HMI Description
Nominal IABC Phase CT ratio The nominal current for the CT
Nominal Freq. Nominal Freq Frequency of the IED
B.3 Comunications
Baudrate -- The rate of the dats in Bauds
Stop Bits -- Stop Bits
Parity -- Parity
Rx Time between characters -- Rx Time between characters
Comms Fail Timer Maximum time between
messages without indication of
--
communication channel
blocking.
Tx Time Factor -- Factor to Tx Time
Tx Timeout Const. -- Constant to Tx Timeout
Stop Bytes Number RS.485 it specifies the number of stop
bytes between transmit and
--
receive when the port is
configured as RS485.
IED Address -- The address of the IED
M0IRSB1905I
IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection B-2
B.4 Test Mode

Time in which the test mode is
Test mode timer TOUT TEST
enable without doing any test
Enabling the protection test
Protection Test Enable ENABLE DO
mode
IA Magnitude IA Simulated IA current
IA Phase ANG IA Simulated angle of IA
IB Magnitude IB Simulated IB current
IB Phase ANG IB Simulated angle of IB
IC Magnitude IC Simulated IC current
IC Phase ANG IC Simulated angle of IC
Activation / deactivation of
Digital input 1 Input 1
Digital input 1
Activation / deactivation of
Digital input 2 Input 2
Digital input 1
B.5 General
Name -- Name of IED
Breaker -- Name of the position
Unit in service Unit in service Unit in service
Phase CT Ratio Phase CT Ratio Phase CT Ratio
Phase Sequence Phase Sequence Phase Sequence
PLL enable PLL enable PLL enable
B.6 Phase Time Overcurrent Protection

Phase TOC Enable Phase TOC Enable Indication of enabled or disabled
status of the Phase Time
Overcurrent Enable
Phase TOC Pickup Phase TOC Pickup Phase Time Overcurrent Pickup
Phase TOC Curve Phase TOC Curve Phase Time Overcurrent Curve
Phase TOC Dial Phase TOC Dial Phase Time Overcurrent Dial
Phase TOC Definite Time Phase TOC Delay Phase Time Overcurrent Definite
Time
Reset Type Reset Type Reset Type
Phase TOC Harm Blocking Ph TOC Harm Blk Phase Time Overcurrent Harm
Blocking
M0IRSB1905I
B-3 IRS-B: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection
B.7 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent Protection

N.S. TOC Enable N.S. TOC Enable Indication of enabled or disabled
status of the Negative sequencer
time overcurrent Enable
N.S. TOC Pickup N.S. TOC Pickup Negative sequencer time
overcurrent Pickup
N.S. TOC Curve N.S. TOC Curve Negative sequencer time
overcurrent Curve
N.S. TOC Dial N.S. TOC Dial Negative sequencer time
overcurrent Dial
N.S. TOC Definite Time N.S. TOC Delay Negative sequencer time
overcurrent Definite Time
N.S. TOC Harm Blocking N.S. TOC Harm Blk Negative sequencer time
overcurrent Harmonic Blocking
B.8 Neutral Time Overcurrent Protection

Neutral TOC Enable Indication of enabled or disabled
NEUT TOC Enable status of the Neutral Time
Overcurrent Enable
Neutral TOC Pickup NEUT TOC Pickup Neutral Time Overcurrent Pickup
Neutral TOC Curve NEUT TOC Curve Neutral Time Overcurrent Curve
Neutral TOC Dial NEUT TOC Dial Neutral Time Overcurrent Dial
Neutral TOC Definite Time Neutral Time Overcurrent Definite
NEUT TOC Delay
Time
Neutral TOC Harm Blocking N TOC Harm Blocking Neutral Time Overcurrent
Harmonics Blocking
M0IRSB1905I
B.9 Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection

Phase IOC Enable Phase IOC Enable Indication of enabled or disabled
status of the Phase Instantaneous
overcurrent Enable
Phase IOC Pickup Phase IOC Pickup Phase Instantaneous overcurrent
Pickup
Phase IOC Delay Phase IOC Delay Phase Instantaneous overcurrent C
Delay
Phase IOC Harm Blocking Phase IOC Harm Blk Phase Instantaneous overcurrent
Harm Blocking
B.10 Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection

Phase IOC Enable NEUT IOC Enable Indication of enabled or disabled
status of the Neutral Time
Overcurrent Enable
Phase IOC Pickup NEUT IOC Pickup Neutral Time Overcurrent Pickup
Phase IOC Delay NEUT IOC Delay Neutral Time Overcurrent Dial
Phase IOC Harm Blocking N IOC Harm Blk Neutral Time Overcurrent Definite
Time
B.11 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent

Protection
N.S. IOC Enable N.S. IOC Enable Indication of enabled or disabled
status of the Negative sequencer
instantaneous overcurrent Enable
N.S. IOC Pickup N.S. IOC Pickup Negative sequencer instantaneous
overcurrent Pickup
N.S. IOC Delay N.S. IOC Delay Negative sequencer instantaneous
overcurrent Delay
N.S. IOC Harm Blocking N.S. IOC Harm Blck Negative sequencer instantaneous
overcurrent Blocking
M0IRSB1905I
B.12 Harmonic Blocking

2nd Block. Enab. 2nd Block. ENAB. Indication of enabled or disabled
status of the 2nd Harmonic Blocking
Enable
2nd Blocking PU 2nd Blocking PU 2nd Harmonic Blocking PU
H Blocking Logic H Blocking Logic Harmonic Blocking Logic
Cross Blocking Time cross Blocking Time Cross Blocking Time
Phase IOC Harm Blocking Ph IOC Harm Blck The level of Phase Instantaneous
overcurrent harmonic to Blocking
Neutral IOC Harm Blocking N IOC Harm Blk The level of Neutral Instantaneous
overcurrent harmonic to Blocking
B.13 Breaker Failure

BF Enable BF Enable Indication of enabled or disabled
status of the Breaker Failure Enable
BF Phase Pickup BF Phase Pickup Breaker Failure Phase Pickup
BF Ground Pickup BF Ground Pickup Breaker Failure Ground Pickup
Breaker Failure Time Delay BFDelay Breaker Failure Time Delay
Retrip Delay Retrip Delay Retrip Delay
No Load Breaker Failure Delay No LOAD BF TIME No Load Breaker Failure Delay
B.14 Open Phase

Open Phase Enable Open Phase Enable Indication of enabled or disabled
status of the Open Phase Enable
Open Phase Pickup Open Phase Pickup Open Phase Pickup
Open Phase Wait Time Open Phase WAIT t. Open Phase Wait Time
Min. Load Open Phase Min. Load Open Pha Minimum Load Open Phase
M0IRSB1905I
B.15 Thermal Image

Thermal Image Enable Thermal IMG ENA. Indication of enabled or disabled
status of the Thermal Image Unit.
Type of Magnitude Type of Magnitude Type of Magnitude
Type of Device Type of Device The type to be protected
Constant 1 (Heating) Constant 1 Constant for motor stopped
Constant 2 (Cooling) Constant 2 Constant for motor running
Maximum Operating Current Max. Sust. curr Maximum Operating Current
Alarm Level Alarm Level Alarm of the Thermal Image Unit.
Reset Threshold Reset Threshold Reset Threshold
Motor Scaling Factor Motor constant Motor Scaling Factor
Thermal Memory Enable Thermal Memory Thermal Memory Enable
B.16 Phase Undercurrent

Undercurrent Enable Undercurr. Enable Indication of enabled or disabled
status of the Undercurrent Unit.
Current Select Current Select Operating magnitude
Undercurrent Pickup Undercurr. PU The level of current Pickup
Undercurrent Delay Undercurrent Delay Time of undercurrent delay
B.17 Cold Load

Cold Load Enable Cold Load Enable Indication of enabled or
disabled status of the Cold Load
Unit.
Time for Group 2 Activation after Trip Group 2 Act. Time Time for Group 2 Activation
after Trip
Time for Previous Group Activation Prev Grp Act. Time Time for Previous Group
after Closing Activation after Closing
Cold Load On Switch on active Cold Load On
M0IRSB1905I
B.18 Trips
Settings Communications Settings HMI Description
Program
IOC PH1 IOC PH1 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the
instantaneous overcurrent phase 1 unit
IOC PH2 IOC PH2 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the
IOC PH3 IOC PH3 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the of the
IOC N1 IOC N1 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the
instantaneous overcurrent neutral 1 unit
IOC NEG SEQ1 IOC NEG SEQ1 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the
instantaneous overcurrent negative sequence 1 unit
IOC NEG SEQ 2 IOC NEG SEQ 2 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the
IOC NEG SEQ 3 IOC NEG SEQ 3 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the
TOC PH1 TOC PH1 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the time
overcurrent phase 1 unit
TOC N1 TOC N1 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the time
overcurrent neutral 1 unit
TOC NEG SEQ1 TOC NEG SEQ1 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the time
overcurrent negative sequence 1 unit
TOC NEG SEQ 2 TOC NEG SEQ 2 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the time
TOC NEG SEQ 3 TOC NEG SEQ 3 Indication of enabled or disabled status of the time
OPHEN PHASE OPHEN PHASE Indication of enabled or disabled status of the of the
open phase unit
THERMAL IMG THERMAL IMG Indication of enabled or disabled status of the
thermal image unit
UNDERCURRE Min LOAD Indication of enabled or disabled status of the of the
undercurrent unit
M0IRSB1905I
B.19 Oscillography
Program
Required Trip Trip Required Generate the oscillogram record
Pre-fault recording length Preting. Length Length of the oscillogram record in pre-fault
Trigger Mask
OPHEN PHASE OPHEN PHASE To activate the Oscillography start up for the ophen
phase unit
THERMAL IMG THERMAL IMG To activate the Oscillography start up for the
thermal image unit
UNDERCURRE Min LOAD To activate the Oscillography start up for the
undercurrent unit
EXTERNAL TRIGGER Ext. Trigger To activate the Oscillography start up with external
triggering signal.
IOC PH1 IOC PH1 To activate the Oscillography start up for the
IOC PH2 IOC PH2 To activate the Oscillography startup for the
IOC PH3 IOC PH3 To activate the Oscillography startup for the
IOC N1 IOC N1 To activate the Oscillography startup for the
IOC NEG SEQ1 IOC NEG SEQ1 To activate the Oscillography startup for the o
IOC NEG SEQ 2 IOC NEG SEQ 2 To activate the Oscillography startup for the
IOC NEG SEQ 3 IOC NEG SEQ 3 To activate the Oscillography startup for the
TOC PH1 TOC PH1 To activate the Oscillography startup for the of the
time overcurrent phase 1 unit
TOC PH2 TOC PH2 To activate the Oscillography startup for the time
TOC PH3 TOC PH3 To activate the Oscillography startup for the time
TOC N1 TOC N1 To activate the Oscillography startup for the time
TOC NEG SEQ1 TOC NEG SEQ1 To activate the Oscillography startup for the time
TOC NEG SEQ 2 TOC NEG SEQ 2 To activate the Oscillography startup for the time
TOC NEG SEQ 3 TOC NEG SEQ 3 To activate the Oscillography startup for the time
M0IRSB1905I
B.20 Fault Records

Program
Pickup Reports Pickup Report It allows selecting the option to generate the report
file
Fault Report Primary / Fault Report Units It allows selecting to generate the report file in
Secondary Values primary or secondary values
M0IRSB1905I
C. List of Illustrations and Tables
Annex C. List of Illustrations and Tables
C.1 List of Figures
1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1.1-1

Figure 1.1.1 Burden Curve for Current <1A. ........................................................................ 1.1-4
Figure 1.1.2 Burden Curve for Current >1A. ........................................................................ 1.1-5
Figure 1.1.3 Switch-on-to-Fault Curve. ................................................................................. 1.1-5
Figure 1.1.4 General HW Design. ........................................................................................ 1.1-6
Figure 1.1.5 Measurement Processing. ................................................................................ 1.1-6
Figure 1.1.6 Functional Diagram. ......................................................................................... 1.1-7
1.4 Physical Description .............................................................................................. 1.4-1

Figure 1.4.1 Front of an IRS-B Model. .................................................................................. 1.4-2
Figure 1.4.2 Rear of an IRS-B Model. .................................................................................. 1.4-3
Figure 1.4.3 Alphanumeric Display. ...................................................................................... 1.4-6
Figure 1.4.4 Keypad . ........................................................................................................... 1.4-7
Figure 1.4.5 Range Settings. ................................................................................................ 1.4-9
Figure 1.4.6 Numbered Settings. ........................................................................................ 1.4-10
Figure 1.4.7 Selection Settings. .......................................................................................... 1.4-10
Figure 1.4.8 Mask Settings. ................................................................................................ 1.4-10
Figure 1.4.9 Element Enable Logic. ................................................................................... 1.4-13
1.5 Installation and Commissioning........................................................................... 1.5-1

Figure 1.5.1 Name Plate (IRS). ............................................................................................ 1.5-4
2.1 Overcurrent Elements............................................................................................ 2.1-1

Figure 2.1.1 Diagram of a Curve with a Time Limit for a Time Overcurrent Element
(Very Low Fixed Time Setting). ........................................................................ 2.1-6
Figure 2.1.2 Time Limit Curve for a Time Overcurrent Element........................................... 2.1-6
Figure 2.1.3 Diagram of a Curve with Time Limit in case of Fixed Time greater than
Curve Time (in Pick-up x 1.5). .......................................................................... 2.1-7
Figure 2.1.4 INVERSE Time Curve (IEC)............................................................................. 2.1-9
Figure 2.1.5 VERY INVERSE Time Curve (IEC). ............................................................... 2.1-10
Figure 2.1.6 EXTREMELY INVERSE Time Curve (IEC). ................................................... 2.1-11
Figure 2.1.7 LONG TIME-INVERSE Curve (IEC)............................................................... 2.1-12
Figure 2.1.8 SHORT TIME-INVERSE Curve (IEC). ........................................................... 2.1-13
Figure 2.1.9 MODERATELY INVERSE Time Curve (IEEE). ............................................. 2.1-14
Figure 2.1.10 VERY INVERSE Time Curve (IEEE).............................................................. 2.1-15
Figure 2.1.11 EXTREMELY INVERSE Time Curve (IEEE). ................................................ 2.1-16
Figure 2.1.12 MODERATELY INVERSE Time Curve (U.S.) ................................................ 2.1-17
Figure 2.1.13 INVERSE Time Curve (U.S.).......................................................................... 2.1-18
Figure 2.1.14 VERY INVERSE Time Curve (U.S.). .............................................................. 2.1-19
Figure 2.1.15 EXTREMELY INVERSE Time Curve (U.S.). .................................................. 2.1-20
Figure 2.1.16 SHORT INVERSE Time Curve (U.S.). ........................................................... 2.1-21
Figure 2.1.17 RI INVERSE Time Curve. .............................................................................. 2.1-22
Figure 2.1.18 Block Diagram of a Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Element.................... 2.1-24
Figure 2.1.19 Block Diagram of a Phase Time-Delayed Overcurrent Element. ................... 2.1-24
Figure 2.1.20 Operating Time Test Setup. ........................................................................... 2.1-30
Figure 2.1.21 Block Diagram of a Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent Element. ................. 2.1-32
Figure 2.1.22 Block Diagram of a Neutral Time-Delayed Overcurrent Element. ................. 2.1-32
Figure 2.1.24 Block Diagram of a Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent
Element. ......................................................................................................... 2.1-39
M0IRSA1904I
IRS: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection C-2
 ZIV GRID AUTOMATION, S.L.U. Zamudio, 2019
Figure 2.1.25 Block Diagram of a Negative Sequence Time-Delayed Overcurrent

Element. ......................................................................................................... 2.1-39
2.2 Open Phase Detector ............................................................................................ 2.2-1

Figure 2.2.1 Block Diagram of the Open Phase Detector. ................................................... 2.2-2
2.4 Thermal Image........................................................................................................ 2.4-1

Figure 2.4.1 Time Constant (Thermal Image). ..................................................................... 2.4-3
Figure 2.4.2 Operating Time Curves of the Thermal Image Unit. ........................................ 2.4-5
Figure 2.4.3 Block Diagram of the Thermal Image Unit. ...................................................... 2.4-6
2.5 Breaker Failure Unit ............................................................................................... 2.5-1

Figure 2.5.1 Block Diagram of the Breaker Failure Function. .............................................. 2.5-2
3.1 Oscillographic Recording ..................................................................................... 3.1-1

Figure 3.1.1 Length of the Oscillograph. .............................................................................. 3.1-4
M0IRSA1904I
C-3 IRS: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection
C.2 List of Tables
1.4 Physical Description .............................................................................................. 1.4-1

Table 1.4-1: Digital Outputs of the Inputs Module .............................................................. 1.4-13
Table 1.4-2: Auxiliary Outputs of the Outputs Module ........................................................ 1.4-14
2.1 Overcurrent Elements............................................................................................ 2.1-1

Table 2.1-1: Analog Inputs of the Overcurrent Modules ..................................................... 2.1-26
Table 2.1-2: Digital Inputs to the Phase Overcurrent Modules ........................................... 2.1-27
Table 2.1-3: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Phase Overcurrent Modules ................. 2.1-28
Table 2.1-4: Pickup and Reset of the Overcurrent Instantaneous Elements ..................... 2.1-29
Table 2.1-5: Trip and Reset of the Overcurrent Instantaneous Elements .......................... 2.1-30
Table 2.1-6: Analog Inputs to the Overcurrent Module ...................................................... 2.1-34
Table 2.1-7: Digital Inputs to the Neutral Overcurrent Modules ......................................... 2.1-34
Table 2.1-8: Auxiliary Outputs of the Neutral Overcurrent Modules ................................... 2.1-35
Table 2.1-11: Analog Inputs of the Negative Sequence Overcurrent Modules .................... 2.1-41
Table 2.1-12: Digital Inputs to the Negative Sequence Overcurrent Modules ..................... 2.1-41
Table 2.1-13: Auxiliary Outputs of the Negative Sequence Overcurrent Modules ............... 2.1-42
2.2 Open Phase Detector ............................................................................................. 2.2-1

Table 2.2-1: Analog Inputs to the Open Phase Module ....................................................... 2.2-3
Table 2.2-2: Digital Inputs to the Open Phase Detector ....................................................... 2.2-4
Table 2.2-3: Auxiliary Outputs of the Open Phase Module .................................................. 2.2-4
2.3 Phase Undercurrent Element ................................................................................ 2.3-1

Table 2.3-1: Analog Inputs to the Undercurrent Module ...................................................... 2.3-3
Table 2.3-2: Digital Inputs to the Undercurrent Module ........................................................ 2.3-3
Table 2.3-3: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Undercurrent Module .............................. 2.3-4
Table 2.3-4: Undercurrent Element Test (Pickup and Reset) .............................................. 2.3-4
2.4 Thermal Image ........................................................................................................ 2.4-1

Table 2.4-1: Analog Inputs to the Thermal Image Unit ......................................................... 2.4-7
Table 2.4-2: Digital Inputs to the Thermal Image Unit .......................................................... 2.4-8
Table 2.4-3: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Thermal Image Unit ................................ 2.4-9
2.5 Breaker Failure Unit ............................................................................................... 2.5-1

Table 2.5-1: Digital Inputs of the Breaker Failure Element................................................... 2.5-4
Table 2.5-2: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Breaker Failure Element ......................... 2.5-5
2.6 Harmonic Blocking ................................................................................................ 2.6-1

Table 2.6-1: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Harmonic Blocking .................................. 2.6-4
2.7 Cold Load Element................................................................................................. 2.7-1

Table 2.7-1: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Cold Load Module ................................... 2.7-4
3.1 Oscillographic Recording ..................................................................................... 3.1-1

Table 3.1-1: Digital Inputs of the Oscillographic Recording ................................................. 3.1-6
Table 3.1-2: Auxiliary Outputs and Events of the Oscillographic Recording ........................ 3.1-6
M0IRSA1904I
IRS: Self Powered Overcurrent Protection C-4
 ZIV GRID AUTOMATION, S.L.U. Zamudio, 2019
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IRS-B

Instructions Manual for IRS-B Models

REV. 05 - July, 2021 © ZIV APLICACIONES Y TECNOLOGÍA, S.L.U. 2019

1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1.1-1

1.2 Model Selection ................................................................................................ 1.2-1

1.3 Technical Data .................................................................................................. 1.3-1

1.4 Physical Description ........................................................................................ 1.4-1

1.4.6.a Digital Inputs ..................................................................................................... 1.4-12

1.5 Installation and Commissioning...................................................................... 1.5-1

1.6 Onload Test ....................................................................................................... 1.6-1

1.7 Standards and Type Tests ............................................................................... 1.7-1

1.8 Schemes and Drawings .................................................................................... 1.8-2

2.1 Overcurrent Elements ...................................................................................... 2.1-1

2.1.3.e Examples of Settings Calculation ..................................................................... 2.1-33

2.2 Open Phase Detector ....................................................................................... 2.2-1

2.3 Phase Undercurrent Element .......................................................................... 2.3-1

2.4 Thermal Image .................................................................................................. 2.4-1

2.5 Breaker Failure Unit .......................................................................................... 2.5-1

2.6 Harmonic Blocking ........................................................................................... 2.6-1

2.7 Cold Load Element ........................................................................................... 2.7-1

2.8 Configuration Settings ..................................................................................... 2.8-1

3.1 Oscillographic Recording ................................................................................ 3.1-1

3.2 Event Record ..................................................................................................... 3.2-1

3.3 Fault Report ....................................................................................................... 3.3-1

4.1.4 Protection Test .................................................................................................... 4.1-3

A. MODBUS RTU. Documentation. Address Map .................................................A-1

C. List of Illustrations and Tables ...........................................................................C-1

Description and Start-Up

1.1.1 Relay Overview and Applications .................................................................... 1.1-2

1.1.1 Relay Overview and Applications

1.1.3 Relay Family Features

1. Burden Curve for Current <1A.

Figure 1.1.1 Burden Curve for Current <1A.

2. Burden Curve for Current >1A.

Figure 1.1.2 Burden Curve for Current >1A.

Figure 1.1.3 Switch-on-to-Fault Curve.

1.1.3.a Hardware Design

Figure 1.1.4 General HW Design.

1.1.3.b Measurement Processing

Figure 1.1.5 Measurement Processing.

1.1.4 Functional Diagram

Figure 1.1.6 Functional Diagram.

1.2.1 Hardware Model Selection ............................................................................... 1.2-2

1.2.1 Hardware Model Selection

1.2.2 Firmware Model Selection

16/17 Protection Functionality

(*) Spare Code only for internal use at manufacturers.

1.2.3 Protection Functions according to Model

1.3.1 Power Supply Voltage ...................................................................................... 1.3-2

1.3.1 Power Supply Voltage

IEDs have two types of auxiliary power supply.

Note: in case of power supply failure, a maximum interruption of 50 ms is allowed.

1.3.2 Power Supply Burden

Quiescent, powered at 125VCC.

1.3.3 Current Analog Inputs

Phase, Neutral and Polarization Currents

Thermal withstand capability 3xIn (continuously)

1.3.4 Measurement Accuracy

Note: Signal Processing

Angle reference for relay measurements is the channel IA.

1.3.5 Accuracy of the Pickup and Reset of the

Operating Time 2 % or 25 ms (the greater)

1.3.7 Transient Overreach

IA = Pick up value for a current with no DC component