Basketball FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

- originated in December of 1891

- by Dr. James Naismith - a physical education COURT- Rectangular shape which measures 28m x
instructor at the Y.M.C.A. training school in Springfield, 15m.It should be a flat surface, rubberized colored paint
Massachusetts. for outdoor court and wooden for indoor court

- was instructed to formulate and organize a vigorous

indoor sport for the winter season that could be played
BALL – Circumference 29.5 inches mens/
between football and baseball.
28.5 womens
The first ball used was a soccer ball and the original
goals were two baskets affixed to the walls. Dr. -Weight -600-650g
Naismith developed 13 original rules and hoped his
students would show an interest in the new game. -Leather or Rubber on synthetic materials

- it became an Olympic sport by 1936. Today, basketball

is arguably one of the most popular sports played Ring and Back Board - Regulation backboards are
worldwide.
72 inches (183 cm) wide by 42 inches (110 cm) tall.

All basketball rims (hoops) are 18 inches (46 cm) in

DESCRIPTION OF THE GAME diameter

The inner rectangle on the backboard is 24 inches (61

- An official game of basketball is played by two teams cm) wide by 18 inches (46 cm) tall.
of five players each. The Game Clock- is used for timing periods of play and
- objective: achieve a higher score than your opponent the intervals between them.
by shooting the ball into the basket while being guarded SCORESHEET- Is used by the official scorer for recording
by the opponents. games
The game commences with a jump ball in the center THE TEAM
circle with the opposing centers standing face to face.
Each team consists of:
Team members may move the ball primarily by passing
and dribbling while working for an open shot. ◆ A coach, assistant coach

◆sponsor

Fundamental skills include: footwork, shooting, passing ◆ Manager

and catching, dribbling, rebounding, using moves with ◆ doctor
the ball, moving without the ball, and defending.
◆ statistician
Most common positions of the five players on a team
are: ◆ physiotherapist.

point guard or #1 (best ball handler)

shooting guard or #2 (effective shooter)

forward or #3(versatile inside and outside player)

power forward or #4(strong rebounder)

center or #5 (inside scorer rebounder and shot blocker)

 PLAYERS POSITIONS
1. Point Guard: usually the fastest player on the team.
Also called playmaker, he should be a good dribbler and
passer.
2. Shooting Guard: creates a high volume of shots on
defense; guards the opponent's best perimeter player
on defense.
3. Small Forward: often primarily responsible for
scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble
penetration; on defense seeks rebounds and steals, but
sometimes plays more actively. Forward is generally
taller and stronger than guard.
4. Power Forward: plays offensively often with his back
to the basket; on defense plays under the basket (in a
zone defense) or against the opposing power forward
(in man to man defense). He should be a good
rebounder and be able to maneuver for shots close to
the baskets.
5. Center, uses size to score (on offense), to protect the
basket closely (on defense), or to rebound. The center
who is a good rebounder and scorer can dominate the
game.
DIFFERENT SPORTS LEAGUE IN THE PHILIPPINES.
• NAASCU-NATIONAL ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION OF STATE
COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITIES.
• NCAA-NATIONAL COLLEGIATE ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION
• MPBL-MAHARLIKA PILIPINAS BASKETBALL LEAGUE
• PBA-PHILIPPINE BASKETBALL ASSOCIATION
• PRISAA-PRIVATE SCHOOL ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION.
• UAAP-UNIVERSITY ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION OF THE
PHILIPPINES.
• PSL-PILIPINAS SUPER LEAGUE
• NBL-NATIONAL BASKETBALL LEAGUE
• SCUAA – State College University Athletic Association
BASIC ELEMENTS OF BASKETBALL
1. Dribbling - way to progress with the ball by an
individual player, in order to get free from his opponent
or to get in a good passing or shooting position.
Dribbling is the act of bouncing the ball continuously;
and is a requirement for player to take steps with the
ball
2 kinds of dribbling
• Speed dribble
• Protected dribble
4 types of dribbling
• Side dribble
• Crossover dribble
• Behind the back dribble
• Between the legs dribble
2. Passing the ball is the quickest and most effective
way to get the ball from player to player. A pass is a
method of moving the ball between players.
Type of passing:
Chest pass-The ball is passed from one player to
another player's chest
Bounce pass-A pass that bounces once before reaching
the receiver.
Overhead pass- is used to pass the ball over a
defender.
Baseball Pass-is most often used to advance the ball up
the floor. This pass is designed for distance, speed and
initiating fast break.
No-look Pass- a special way of doing this is passing the
ball without looking at the receiving teammate.
Behind-the back pass- which as the description implies
involves throwing the ball behind the passers back to a
teammate.
3. Shooting is the act of attempting to score points by According to the American Sports Education Program
throwing the ball through the basket or ASEP(1996) to get the fundamentals of shooting the
players must be encouraged to learn how to S.C.O.R.E..
Free throw- is the privilege given to a player to serve
one or two points by unhindered throw for a goal from
within the free throw circle and behind the free throw
S- select on high percentage shots
line.
C-concentrate on your target
Set shot-this shot is used when you are standing and
close to the basket. O- order movements; square
Jump shot-is the most common shot at higher level of R-release the wave goodbye to the ball
play.
E- extend the arms up using follow through.
Lay-up-is simply a short range shot that usually gently
hits the backboard. This is one of the most often used
shots. KINDS OF DEFENSE:
Slam dunk-the most crowd- pleasing, and typically
highest percentage accuracy shot. The player jumps
very high, and throws the ball downward, straight ◆Zone defense-involves players in defensive positions
through the hoop. guarding whichever opponent is in their zone.

Bank Shot a bank shot occurs when an offensive player
attempts to make a field goal with a jump shot, and the
ball bounces off the backboard and goes into the basket
without hitting the rim.
Granny Shot - or underhand shot is a shooting style in
which the player holds the ball in two hands with arms
extended in front of their knees while bringing the ball
down their legs and releases it on the upswing.
◆ Man to Man defense each defensive player guards a
specific opponent and tries to prevent him from taking
action.
◆ 1-2-2 FULL COURT/HALF COURT DEFENSE-
◆ 2-1-2 FULL COURT/HALF COURT DEFENSE-

Floater- is a lay up variation in which the ball handler

◆ 1-3-1 FULL COURT/HALF COURT DEFENSE
throws a high arc toward the net while jumping up on
one or two feet. It is a difficult shot to master but a
great shooter can add this type of shot to basketball
TERMINOLOGIES
skills with regular basketball training.

Hook shot-This one-handed shot requires the player to

stand close to the hoop and swing their arm in a curved Assist: the last pass to a teammate that leads directly to
motion to send the ball toward the hoop and score a a field goals. Only 1 assist can be credited per field goal.
field goal.

Pull up-is a two-motion jump shot in which the player

Air ball an unblocked shot that fails to hit the rim or
drives to the net while dribbling, stop, and jump up to
backboard. Does not reset the shot clock.
take the shot..
Alley hoop an offensive play in which a player throws
the ball up near the basket to a teammate (or, more
rarely, to himself) who jumps, catches the ball in mid air
and immediately scores a basket, usually with a slam
dunk.
Bank shot: a shot where the ball is first bounced (or Field goal: when the ball enters the basket from above
banked) off the backboard at such an angle that it then during play.
drops into the basket.

Flagrant foul: unnecessary or excessive contact against

Ball hog a player who does not pass the ball an opponent.

BEEF (Balance, Eyes, Elbow, Follow Through) a Foul: actions by players which break the rules but are
mnemonic used to teach proper shooting form. not floor violations. See personal foul or technical foul.

Blocked shot: the successful deflection of a shot by Free-throw: an unguarded shot taken from the foul
touching part of the ball on its way to the basket, line by a player whose opponent committed a personal
thereby preventing a field goal. or technical foul, it is worth 1 point.

Boxing out: a player's attempt to position his body Floater- A type of shot typically utilized by smaller
between his opponents and the basket to get rebounds guards. It is characterized by shooting the ball with an
and prevent the opponents from doing so. extremely high arc in order to prevent laller defenders
from blocking the shot.

Buzzer beater A basket in the final seconds of a game

(right before the buzzer sounds) that in itself results in a flop- An intentional fall by a player after little or no
win or overtime. physical contact from an opponent, with the goal of
drawing a personal foul call against the opponent.

Blocking: the use of a defender's body position to

illegally prevent an opponent's advance; the opposite Four-point play a rare play in which a player is fouled
of charging. while making a three-point shot and then makes the
resulting free throw.

Defense: the act of preventing the offense from

scoring; the team without the ball. Granny shot an underhand shot taken using both
hands, usually as a free throw.

Defensive rebound: a rebound of an opponent's missed

shot In-n-out A shot that appears to be going in, but instead
goes back out. - sideline/Baseline

End line: the boundary line behind each basket; also

called the baseline. Inbounds: the area within the end lines and side lines
of the court; also the act of bringing the ball into this
area by means of a throw-in.
Fast break: also called the run-and-shoot offense.
Jump ball: 2 opposing players jump for a ball an
officials tosses above and between them, to tap it to
their teammales and gain possession, used to start the
game (lip-off) and all overtime periods, and sometimes
to restart play.
Kicking A violation called when a player Intentionally
uses his or her foot or leg to contact the ball. Play is
stopped and the ball is given to the non-violating team
to inbound.
Lay-in or Tip in A close-range shot using one hand to tip
the ball over the rim.
Offense: the team with possession of the ball.
Offensive rebound: a rebound of a team's own missed
shot.
Out of bounds: the area outside of and including the
end lines and sidelines
Penalty once a team reaches a set number of team
fouls in a playing period, varying by governing body,
the fouled team gets free throws instead of possession
of the ball. The fouling team is "over the limit."
Overtime: the extra period(s) played after a regulation
game ends tied.
Pass: when a passer throws the ball to a teammate;
used to start plays, move the ball down court, keep it
away from defenders and get it to a shooter.
Pivot: also the foot that must remain touching the
floor until a ball handler who has stopped dribbling is
ready to pass or shoot.
Rebound: when a player grabs a ball that is coming off
the rim or backboard after a shot attempt. See offensive
rebound and defensive rebound.
Screen or Screener: the offensive player who stands
between a teammate and a defender in gives his team
chance to take an open shot
Shot Clock: a clock that limits the time a team with the
ball has to shoot it. 24 seconds in the NBA
Sixth man: the best substitute on a team. Usually the
first player to come off the bench to replace a starter.
Steal- an act of gaining possession of the ball from an
opponent
Substitute: a player who comes into the game to
replace a player on the court.
Traveling: a floor violation when the ball handler takes
too many steps without dribbling also called walking.
Triple threat- is a position when a player facing a
defender receives a pass but has not dribbled yet.
From this, the player can choose from three options:
• To dribble
• To pass
• To shoot
Turnover when the offense loses possession through
its own fault by passing the ball out of bounds or
committing a floor violation.
- A loss of possession.
TIME VIOLATIONS
3 seconds violation- When you stand in the paint for
longer than three seconds and you are not guarding
anyone.
5 seconds violation- When a team or player is
inbounding a ball after a dead ball, and the team with
the possession fails to pass it into play in 5 seconds.
8 seconds violation- When the team with possession
fails to advance the ball out of the backcourt, past the
midpoint line, in 8 seconds.

24 seconds violation- If a team fails to attempt a field

goal within the time allotted. A shot clock violation
shall be called.

VIOLATIONS

DOUBLE DRIBBLING- The player is dribbling with both

hands at the same time.

CHARGING- Described as a foul previously but also

recorded as a turnover by the offense.

BACKCOURT VIOLATION-Return the ball to the

backcourt after he/she has crossed into the front court.

OFFICIALS OF THE GAME

◆ REFEREE

- Begins the game by tossing the ball for a tip- off

between one player from each team.

- Are responsible for calling violations if players travel,

double dribble, commit a foul or any other violation of
the rules

◆ SCORERS

- Primary responsibility is to accurately record a game's

score.

- Might also be responsible for keeping time by starting

and stopping the clock according to the rules of the
game

◆ TIME KEEPER

- Are responsible for monitoring game time. But their

key function is tracking basketball time clock rules

- Is charged with carrying out the duties of timekeeping

according to the regulations of basketball.