Swiss Cottage Secondary School

Worksheet on Chemical Equations (I)

Name : ( ) Class : ____________

Date : __________ Marks : ___________

1. For elements,
➢ metals are represented as monatomic.
➢ non-metals are represented as diatomic (The shape of the figure 7 from nitrogen to
astatine and hydrogen) except carbon and sulfur and noble gases. e.g N2, I2 while C, He.

2. For ionic compounds, make use of the charges to form the chemical formula.

From the periodic table, Group 1, 2 and 13, their charges are +, 2+ and 3+ respectively while
Group 15, 16, 17, their charges are 3-, 2- and - respectively. Then apply the cross-method.

For transition metals + lead + tin (except zinc and silver) make use of the bracket roman
numbers.
The roman number = their charge. (I, II, III, IV are +, 2+, 3+, 4+ respectively.)

E.g. Iron(III) sulfate contains Fe3+ and SO42- ions and hence the formula is Fe2(SO4)3.
*Copper(II) hydroxide contains Cu2+ and OH- ions and hence the formula is Cu(OH)2.

DO NOT apply the cross method if both charges are the same.
E.g. Magnesium oxide is MgO ✓ instead of Mg2O2 .

List of useful Cations/Anions (MUST MEMORISE!!):

Name of hydroxide nitrate carbonate sulfate ammonium zinc silver phosphate
ions
Formulae OH- NO3- CO32- SO42- NH4+ Zn2+ Ag+ PO43-

3. For covalent compounds, you need to memorise or translate directly from the words.

Some common covalent names:

Name of common covalent water ammonia methane ozone hydrogen

compounds peroxide
Chemical formula H2O NH3 CH4 O3 H2O2

e.g. carbon monoxide = CO ; sulfur dioxide = SO2 ; sulfur trioxide = SO3 ;

carbon tetrachloride = CCl4

4. Acids need to be memorised.

Common acids: nitric acid = HNO3, sulfuric acid = H2SO4, hydrochloric acid = HCl

Note: Only after you write out the chemical formula, then you balance it.
(a) barium + iron(III) nitrate → iron + barium nitrate

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(b) lead(II) nitrate + copper(II) sulfate → lead(II) sulfate + copper(II) nitrate

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(c) hydrogen + oxygen → water

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(d) sodium + water → sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

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(e) propane (C3H8) + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

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(f) hydrochloric acid + calcium hydroxide → calcium chloride + water

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(g) sulfuric acid + copper(II) carbonate → carbon dioxide + copper(II) sulfate + water

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(h) oxygen + nitrogen → nitrogen dioxide

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(i) zinc + steam → zinc oxide + hydrogen

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(j) ammonium chloride + sodium hydroxide → ammonia + water + sodium chloride

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(k) silver nitrate + calcium chloride → silver chloride + calcium nitrate

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(l) bromine + potassium iodide → potassium bromide + iodine

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(m) aluminium + oxygen → aluminium oxide

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(n) iron + sulfur → iron(II) sulfide

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