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Lecture # 6 (Complex Functions and Mappings)
Lecture # 6 (Complex Functions and Mappings)
• Chapter: 2
• Sections: 2.1, 2.2
Introduction
▪ So far, we just talked about complex numbers and examined some of their
algebraic and geometric properties.
▪ Now we turn our attention to the study of functions from a set of complex
numbers to another set of complex numbers.
▪ For the most part we will use the usual symbols 𝑓, 𝑔, and ℎ to denote complex
functions.
1
−𝑖 → 𝑖, 2→
2
Therefore, in a complex mapping both input and output are collection of points on
the complex plane.
Domain & Range of Complex Functions
The domain of a complex function 𝑤 = 𝑓 (𝑧), is a collection of points on the complex
plane that can be used as input while range is the output produced by the function.
For example:
𝑧 (𝑥 , 𝑦 ) → (𝑢 , 𝑣 ) 𝑤 = 𝑧2
0 (0,0) → (0,0) 0
2 (2,0) → (4,0) 4
𝑖 (0,1) → (−1,0) -1
1
(0, −1) → (−1,0) -1
𝑖
▪ For a simple complex function, the manner in which the complex plane is mapped
might be evident after analyzing the image of a single set, but for most functions
an understanding of the mapping is obtained only after looking at the images of a
variety of sets.
Complex Functions
Graph of a real-valued function 𝑓(𝑥) is defined
to be the set of all points (𝑥, 𝑓(𝑥)) in the two-
dimensional Cartesian plane.
𝑣2
𝑢 = 1− (3)
4
Since 𝑦 can take on any real value and 𝑣 = 2𝑦, thus it follows that 𝑣 can take
on any real value in (3). Consequently, 𝐶 ′ —the image of the set 𝐶—is a
parabola in the 𝑤 −plane with vertex at (1,0) and 𝑣 −intercepts at (0, ±2). In
conclusion, we have shown that the vertical line 𝑥 = 1 is mapped onto the
𝑣2
parabola: 𝑢 = 1 − by the complex mapping 𝑤 = 𝑧 2 .
4
Solution:
Practice
Determine the image of the vertical line 𝑦 = 1 under the complex
mapping defined by: 𝑤 = 𝑓 𝑧 = 𝑧 2 and represent the mapping
graphically.