Hindi X

LekVZ fLdy laLd`fr Ldwy
LekVZ&fLdy
‘'kSf{kd l=k & 2021 & 22
fganh
d{kk&nloha
d{kk 10 / fganh / 1
d{kk & nloha
ikB~;Øe
ekpZ&ebZ Li'kZ & cM+s HkkbZ lkgc

Mk;jh dk ,d iUuk
dchj dh lk[kh
ehjk ds in
lap;u & gfjgj dkdk
O;kdj.k & 'kCn vkSj in] lekl
vifBr cks/k & vifBr xn~;ka'k ,oa in~;ka'k
jpuk & vuqPNsn&ys[ku] vkSipkfjd i=k&ys[ku] laokn&ys[ku]
foKkiu] inca/k
tqykbZ Li'kZ & rrk¡jk&okehjks dFkk]
fcgkjh ds nksgs
ioZr çns'k esa ikol
rksi
O;kdj.k & okD;] v'kqf)&'kks/ku
jpuk & i=k&ys[ku] vuqPNsn&ys[ku
vxLr lap;u & liuksa ds&ls fnu
O;kdj.k & eqgkojs
jpuk & laokn&ys[ku] foKkiu] lwpuk&ys[ku
flracj Li'kZ & vc dgk¡ nwljksa ds nq[k ls nq[kh gksus okys euq";rk
dj pys ge fQnk
O;kdj.k & iqujko`fRr
d{kk 10/ fganh / 2

vDVwcj Li'kZ & ir>M+ esa VwVh ifRr;k¡
vkRe=kk.k
lap;u & Vksih 'kqDyk
jpuk & iqujko`fRr
uoEcj Li'kZ & dkjrwl
vifBr cks/k & iqujko`fRr
jpuk & iqujko`fRr
pls check and arrange ikB~;Øe according

inside page.
d{kk 10 / fganh / 3
ekpZ&ebZ
cM+s HkkbZ lkgc ¼ize
s pan½
ç'u&1
¼d½ fuEufyf[kr xn~;ka'kksa dks i<+dj fn, x, iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft,&
lkykuk bfErgku gqvkA HkkbZ lkgc Q+sy gks x,] eSa ikl gks x;k vkSj njts esa izFke vk;kA esjs vkSj
muds chp esa dsoy nks lky dk varj jg x;kA th esa vk;k] HkkbZ lkgc dks vkM+s gkFkksa yw¡ & ^vkidh og
?kksj riL;k dgk¡ xbZ\ eq>s nsf[k,] ets+ esa [ksyrk Hkh jgk vkSj njts esa vOoy Hkh gw¡A* ysfdu og brus nq[kh
vkSj mnkl Fks fd eq>s muls fnyh gennhZ gqbZ vkSj muds ?kko ij ued fNM+dus dk fopkj gh yTtkLin
tku iM+kA gk¡] vc eq>s vius Åij dqN vfHkeku gqvk vkRe&lEeku Hkh c<+kA HkkbZ lkgc dk og jkSc eq>
ij u jgkA
d- bl xn~;ka'k ds ys[kd o ikB dk uke fyf[k,A
[k- lkykuk bfErgku dk D;k ifj.kke fudyk\
x- ys[kd dks vius Åij vfHkeku D;ksa gqvk\
?k- xn~;ka'k esa ls dksbZ ,d eqgkojk Nk¡Vdj okD; cukb,A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 4

¼[k½ vc HkkbZ lkgc cgqr dqN uje iM+ x, FksA dbZ ckj eq>s Mk¡Vus dk volj ikdj Hkh mUgksaus
/khjt ls dke fy;kA 'kk;n vc og le>us yxs Fks fd eq>s Mk¡Vus dk vf/kdkj mUgsa ugha jgk] ;k jgk Hkh]
rks cgqr deA esjh LoPNanrk Hkh c<+hA eSa mudh lfg".kqrk dk vuqfpr ykHk mBkus yxkA eq>s dqN ,slh
/kkj.kk gqbZ fd eSa ikl gks gh tkÅ¡xk] i<w¡ ;k u i<w¡] esjh rdnhj cyoku gS] blfy, HkkbZ lkgc ds Mj ls
tks FkksM+k&cgqr i<+ fy;k djrk Fkk] og Hkh can gqvkA eq>s dudkS, mM+kus dk u;k 'kkSd iSnk gks x;k Fkk
vkSj vc lkjk le; iraxckt+h dks gh HksaV gksrk Fkk] fQj Hkh eSa HkkbZ lkgc dk vnc djrk Fkk vkSj mudh
ut+j cpkdj dudkS, mM+krk FkkA eka>k nsuk] dUus ck¡/kuk] irax VwjukesaV dh rS;kfj;k¡ vkfn leL;k,¡ lc
xqIr :Ik ls gy dh tkrha FkhaA eSa HkkbZ lkgc dks ;g lansg u djus nsuk pkgrk fd mudk lEeku vkSj
fygkt esjh ut+jks esa de gks x;k FkkA
d- HkkbZ lkgc ds uje iM+us dk D;k dkj.k Fkk\
[k- ys[kd dh LoPNanrk dSls c< xbZ\
x- Yks[kd dks dkSu&lk u;k 'kkSd iSnk gqvk\
iz'u&2 fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft, %&
d- cM+s HkkbZ lkgc ds vaxzst+h Hkk"kk ds fo"k; esa D;k fopkj Fks\
[k- vius ekrk&firk dk mnkgj.k nsdj cM+s HkkbZ lkgc D;k Li"V djuk pkgrs Fks\
x- NksVs HkkbZ dh 'kkyhurk fdl ckr esa Fkh\ D;k mlus 'kkyhurk fuHkkbZ\
d{kk 10 / fganh / 5
Lkk[kh ¼dchjnkl½
iz'u&1 dkO;ka'kksa dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa ds mfpr fodYi pqudj fyf[k,%
¼d½ tc eSa Fkk rc gfj ugha] vc gfj gSa eSa uk¡fgA

lc vaf/k;kjk fefV x;k] tc nhid ns[;kek¡fgAA
ge ?kj tkY;k vki.kk¡] fy;k eqjkM+k gkfFkA
vc ?kj tkykSa rkl dk] ts pyS gekjs lkfFkAA
d- ;gk¡ êSa* dk vk'k; gS\
[k- bZ'oj dks nqfu;k D;ksa ugha ns[k ikrh\
x- ;gk¡ ^?kj* fdldk izrhd gS\
?k- dfo dk ^?kj* tykus ls D;k vk'k; gS\
M+- êqjkM+k* dk ;gk¡ D;k vFkZ gS \
¼[k½ dLrwjh dqMa fy clS] e`x <w¡<S cu ek¡fgA

,slS ?kfV ?kfV jk¡e gS] nqfu;k¡ ns[kS uk¡fgAA
d- fgju dh dLrwjh dgk¡ fon~;eku jgrh gS\
[k- fgju dLrwjh dks dgk¡&dgk¡ <w¡<rk gS\
x- dfo ds vuqlkj bZ'oj dk fuokl dgk¡ gS\
?k- nqfu;k bZ'oj dks D;ksa ugha <w¡< ikrh\
M+- dfo vkSj dfork dk uke fyf[k,A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 6

iz'u&2 fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft, %
d- dchj dh ut+jksa esa îafMr* dkSu gS\
[k- fuank lgu djus ls D;k ykHk gS\
gfjgj dkdk ¼fefFkys'oj½

d- xk¡o dh vis{kk Bkdqjckjh dk vf/kd fodkl dSls gqvk\ o.kZu dfj,A
[k- ^gfjgj dkdk* ikB ds vk/kkj Ikj fyf[k, fd ^LokFkZ&fyIlk* ds dkj.k vktdy ikfjokfjd
laca/k dSls curs&fcxM+rs gSa\
-
x- o`n~/kksa ds fy, vkJe cu jgs gSa& ,slk D;ksa gks jgk gS] tkudkjh izkIr djds vius fopkj
O;Dr dhft,A
d{kk 10 / fganh / 7
vifBr xn~;ka'k
vaxzstksa ds Hkkjr vkxeu ls iwoZ Hkkjr ds xk¡o vius vkiesa yxHkx ,d Lora=k bdkbZ FksA izR;sd
Hkkjrh; xk¡o vkRefuHkZj FkkA Hkkjrh; xzkeh.k thou lh/kk&lk/kk FkkA d`f"k ij vk/kkfjr gksus ds dkj.k vf/
kdka'k xzkeh.k dsoy [ksrh djrs FksA vdky] ck<+ vkfn izkd`frd rckfg;ksa ls tc mudh [ksrh pkSiV gksrh]
rks muds jgu&lgu dk <ax Hkh rRdky cny tkrk FkkA ,sls esa gLr&f'kYidkjksa dks dgha nwj tkdj dekus
dh vko’;drk gksrh Fkh vkSj t+ehu ls u c¡/ks gksus ds dkj.k os tgk¡ pkgsa] tk Hkh ldrs FksA ijarq ,slk thou
thus dh vis{kk yksx viuh t+ehu ij [ksrh djuk pkgrs Fks vkSj t+ehu dh dksbZ deh ugha FkhA
Ekqlyeku 'kkldksa ds jkT; esa dj&olwyh dk fu;e yxHkx vius iwoZorhZ 'kkldksa tSlk gh FkkA
vehjksa dks ,d fuf'pr {ks=k esa vkusokys xk¡oksa dh dj&olwyh ds fy, j[kk tkrk FkkA fons'kh gksus ds dkj.k
os jS;r ls Øwjrk ls is'k vkrs Fks vkSj [kwu&[kjkck djrs FksA ijarq os tehnkj ;k vehj] xk¡o dh d`f"k ;ksX;
Hkwfe ij Lo;a dkfct ugha] gks ldrs FksA Hkwfe iztk dh gh jghA bl izdkj tehankj ;k vehj 'kklu ds
,tsaV FksA tqYe vkSj ;a=k.kk dh ijkdk"Bk ds dkj.k ;s xzkeh.k lekt ij ncko cuk, j[krs FksA
Ikz'u&
1- vaxzst+ks ds vkxeu ls iwoZ Hkkjrh; xk¡oksa dh D;k fLFkfr Fkh\
¼d½ xk¡oksa dh cqjh n'kk FkhA
¼[k½ xk¡o Lora=k vkSj vkRefuHkZj FksA
¼x½ xk¡o ij t+ehnkjksa dk dCtk FkkA
¼?k½ xk¡o vdky] ck<+ vkfn ls ihfM+r FksA
2- xzkeh.kksa dk eq[; /ka/kk D;k Fkk\

¼d½ gLrf'kYi
¼[k½ Ik'kq&ikyu
¼x½ [ksrh
¼?k½ et+nwjh
3- izkd`frd rckgh ds le; D;k cnyko vkrk Fkk\

¼d½ gLr f'kYidkjksa dks dekbZ ds fy, xk¡o ls nwj tkuk iM+rk FkkA
¼[k½ [ksrh djus okys Hkh nwljs LFkkuksa ij tkdj jgus yxrs FksA
¼x½ os viuh t+ehusa csp nsrs FksA
¼?k½ os gkFk ij gkFk /kjs cSBs jgrs FksA
d{kk 10/ fganh / 8

4- eqxyksa ds 'kkludky esa vehj ;k t+ehnkj dk D;k dke Fkk\

¼d½ mudk dke dj olwy djuk FkkA
¼[k½ os xk¡o dh t+ehu ds ekfyd gksrs FksA
¼x½ os 'kklu ds ,tsaV gksrs FksA
¼?k½ os xk¡o dh ns[kHkky djrs FksA
5- t+ehankj ;k vehj xk¡o dh turk ij tqYe D;ksa djrs Fks\

¼d½ vius LokFkZ ds fy,A
¼[k½ fons'kh gksus ds dkj.kA
¼x½ ljdkj dks [kq'k djus ds fy,A
¼?k½ viuk ncko cuk, j[kus ds fy,A
d{kk 10 / fganh / 9
Lkekl
Ikz'u 1- fuEufyf[kr inksa dk mfpr foxzg pqfu,&
Hkyk&cqjk & rhu Hkqtk,¡ Hkyk ;k cqjk

mi;qZDr nksuks buesa ls dkbZ ugha
f=kHkqt & rhu Hkqtk,¡ rhuksa Hkqtk,¡

rhu Hkqtkvksa dk lewg buesa ls dksbZ ugha
izfrfnu & fnu&fnu gj&fnu

mi;qZDr nksuksa buesa ls dksbZ ugha
/kughu & /ku ls ghu ghu /ku

/ku esa ghu buesa ls dksbZ ugha
iaprÙo & rÙo gS ik¡p ik¡p rÙo

ik¡p rÙoksa dk lewg buesa ls dksbZ ugha
egkRek & egku gS vks vkRek egku gS vkRek ftldh ¼xk¡/kh½

'kkixzLr & 'kki ds fy, xzLr xzLr gS tks 'kki

'kki ls xzLr buesa ls dksbZ ugha
v/kf[kyk & vk/kk f[kyk vk/kk gS tks f[kyk

vk/ks ij f[kyk buesa ls dksbZ ugha
fon~;k/ku & fon~;k:ih /ku /ku gS tks fon~;k

fon~;k ds fy, /ku buesa ls dksbZ ugha
y[kifr & yk[kksa ifr yk[kksa dk Lokeh

yk[k ifr buesa ls dksbZ ugha
ve`r /kjk & vej /kkjk ve`r dh /kkjk

/kkjk gS ve`r buesa ls dksbZ ugha
d{kk 10/ fganh / 10
gou lkexzh & gou ds fy, lkexzh lkexzh gS tks gou

gou dk lk/ku buesa ls dksbZ ugha
'krkCnh & lkS o"kZ lkS o"kksZa dk lewg

'krkCnh jsyxkM+h buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Eks?kukn & es?k ds leku ukn gS ftldk vFkkZr~ ¼banzftr½

Eks?k dk ukn
Eks?k :Ikh unh
buesa ls dksbZ ugha
fxfj/kj & fxfj dks /kkj.k fd;k gS ftlus vFkkZr d`".k

fxfj ds fy, /kkj.k
/kj gS tks ioZr
buesa ls dksbZ ugh
ijk/khu & ijk gS tks /khu nwljs ds v/khu

ijk/kh ugha gS tks buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Hkolkxj & Hko dk lkxj lkxj gS tks Hko

Hko vkSj lkxj Hko:ih lkxj
nsoiwtk & nso ;k iwtk nso vkSj iwtk

nsoksa dh iwtk buesa ls dksbZ ugha
egktu & egt gS ugha egku tu

& egku gS tks tu buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Jenku & Je ds fy, nku Je dk nku

Je gS tks nku buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Ikki eqDr & iki vkSj eqDr iki ;k eqDr

Iki ls eqDr buesa ls dksbZ ugha
d{kk 10 / fganh / 11
Ykkpkj & fcuk pkjk ds pkj yksxksa ds fcuk
Pkkj ds fcuk buesa ls dksbZ ugha
;Fkksfpr & tSlk mfpr gks ;Fkks vkSj fpr

fpr ds vuqlkj buesa ls dksbZ ugha
csxqukg & tSlk mfpr gks ;Fkks vkSj fpr

fpr ds vuqlkj buesa ls dksbZ ugha
vkej.k & xqukg ds fcuk fcuk xqukg ds

mi;qDr nksuks buesa ls dksbZ ugha
va/kdwi & va/kq dk dqvk¡ dqvk¡ gS tks va/kks ds fy,

va/kk gS tks dwi buesa ls dksbZ ugha
pØ/kj & va/ks dk dqvk¡ pØ ,o /kj

in~ekluk & in~e ij vklhu gSa tks vFkkZr~ ljLorh

in~ek vkSj luk
in~ek ;k luk
buesa ls dksbZ ugha
?kj&?kj & ?kj vkSj ?kj ?kj ;k ?kj

,d ?kj ls nwljs ?kj rd buesa ls dksbZ ugha
va'kqekyh & va'kq vkSj ekyh va'kq dk ekyh

va'kqvks dh ekyk gS ftldh ¼lw;Z½
iz;ksx'kkyk & iz;ksx :ih 'kkyk iz;ksx gS tks 'kkyk

iz;ksx ds fy, 'kkyk buesa ls dksbZ ugha
KkukftZr & Kku ls vftZr vftZr gS tks Kku

Kku ds fy, vftZr buesa ls dksbZ ugha
d{kk 10/ fganh / 12

Ekj.kklUu & ej.kk vkSj lUu ej.k ds vklUUk
Ekj.k rd vklUu buesa ls dksbZ ugha
xzaFkjRu & xzaFk ls jRu xaFk :ih jRu

& xzaFkksa esa jRu buesa ls dksbZ ugha
izk.kfiz; & izk.kksa ls fiz; izk.k :ih fiz;

fiz; :ih izk.k buesa ls dksbZ ugha
iz'u 2- mfpr fodYi pqfu,&
dk;Z esa dq'ky

¼d½ dk;Zdq'ky & rRiq:"k ¼[k½ dq'kydk;Z & rRiq:"k
¼x½ dk;Zdq'ky & vR;;hHkko ¼?k½ dk;Zdq'ky & cgqozhfg
dj :ih dey
¼d½ djdey & rRiq:"k ¼[k½ deydj & deZ/kkj;
¼x½ djdey & deZ/kkj; ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
?ku ds leku ';ke

¼d½ ?ku';ke & deZ/kkj; ¼[k½ ?ku';ke&deZ/kkj;
¼x½ leku/ku & rRiq:"k ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Ukhyh gS tks xk;

¼d½ uhyhxk; & rRiq:"k ¼[k½ uhyxk; & RkRiq:"k
¼x½ uhyxk; & deZ/kkj; ¼?k½ uhyexk;&n~fotq
Ukhyh gS tks xk;

¼d½ uhyhxk; & rRiq:"k ¼[k½ uhyxk; & RkRiq:"k
¼x½ uhyxk; & deZ/kkj; ¼?k½ uhyexk;&n~fotq
nku esa ohj

¼d½ nkuohj & vR;;hHkko ¼[k½ nkuhohj & RkRiq:"k
¼x½ ohjnkuh & deZ/kkj; ¼?k½ nkuohj&rRiq:"k
Rkhu jax gSa ftlds vFkkZr~ jk"Vª/ot
¼d½ frjaxk & n~foxq ¼[k½ frjaxk & n~ona ~o
¼x½ frjaxk & cgqozhfg ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
vkKk ds vuqlkj
¼d½ ;FkkKk & RkRiq:"k ¼[k½ vkKkuqlkj & n~ona ~o
¼x½ ;FkkKk & vR;;hHkko ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Pkkj eklksa dk lewg

¼d½ pkSeklk & vO;;hHkko ¼[k½ pkSeklk & n~foxq
¼x½ eklpkj & rRiq:"k ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Ikwtk vkSj vpZuk

¼d½ iwtk&vpZuk & n~ona ~o ¼[k½ iwtkpZuk & n~ona ~o
¼x½ iqtkpZuk & n~ona ~o ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Rkhu us=k gSa ftlds ¼f'ko½

¼d½ f=kyksdh & cgqczhfg ¼[k½ f=kus=k & cgqozhfg
¼x½ f=kus=kh & cgqozhfg ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Ekfr ds vuqlkj
¼d½ efrvuqlkj& vO;;hHkko ¼[k½ ;Fkkefr & rRiq:"k
¼x½ ;Fkkefr& vO;;hHkko ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
vkB vkuksa dk lewg

¼d½ v"Vdks.k & n~foxq ¼[k½ v"VkUu & n~foxq
¼x½ vBUuh & n~foxq ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
jl ls Hkjh
¼d½ jlHkjh & rRiq:"k ¼[k½ jlcsjh & rRiq:"k
¼x½ Hkjjl & rRiq:"k ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
d{kk 10/ fganh / 14

tUe vkSj e`R;q
¼d½ tUe&ej.k & n~ona ~o ¼[k½ tUe&e`R;q& n~ona ~o
¼x½ mi;qZDr nksuksa ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
jktk dk egy
¼d½ uìegy & vR;;hHkko ¼[k½ jktsna zvkokl & rRiq:"k
¼x½ jktegy & rRiq:"k ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Ek`x ds leku ykspu

¼d½ e`xykspu & deZ/kkj; ¼[k½ e`xkad & deZ/kkj;
¼x½ fgj.kus=kh & deZ/kkj; ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Hkw[k ls ejk
¼d½ ejHkq[k & rRiq:"k ¼[k½ Hkq[kejh & rRiq:"k
¼x½ Hkq[kejk& rRiq:"k ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
L=kh:ih /ku
¼d½ L=kh/ku & cgqozhfg ¼[k½ L=kh/ku & deZ/kkj;
¼x½ /kuukjh & deZ/kkj; ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
deZ esa vkLFkk

¼d½ deZuk'kk & rRiq:"k ¼[k½ dekZLFkk & rRiq:"k
¼x½ vkLFkkdeZ & deZ/kkj; ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
,d Mky ls nwljh Mky rd

¼d½ izfrMky & vR;;hHkko ¼[k½ gjMky & vR;;hHkko
¼x½ Mky&Mky rRiq:"k ¼?k½ Mky&Mky&vO;;hHkko
Lke; ds vuqlkj
¼d½ ;Fkkle; & vR;;hHkko ¼[k½ le;kuqlkj & rRiq:"k
¼x½ le;kuqlkj & vR;;hHkko ¼?k½ ¼d½ vkSj ¼x½
Tkhou Ik;Zar
¼d½ vthou & vR;;hHkko ¼[k½ vkthou & vR;;hHkko
¼x½ ifjthou & vR;;hHkko ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
bykt+ ds fcuk
¼d½ csbykt+ & rRiq:"k ¼[k½ ckbykt+ & vR;;hHkko
¼x½ ykbykt+ & vR;;hHkko ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
PkkjiFkksa dk lewg
¼d½ prq"iFk & n~foxq ¼[k½ pkSiFk & n~foxq
¼x½ pkSjkgk & n~oan~o ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
ykHk vkSj vYkkHk

¼d½ ykHk vykHk & n~oan~o ¼[k½ ykHk&vykHk & n~ona ~o
¼x½ ykHkkykHk & n~oan~o ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
,d uxj ls nwljs uxj rd

¼d½ izfruxj& vR;;hHkko ¼[k½ gjuxj & vR;;hHkko
¼x½ uxj&uxj & vR;;hHkko ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
?kj esa okl

¼d½ ?kjokl & rRiq:"k ¼[k½ x`gokl & rRiq:"k
¼x½ x`goklh & rRiq:"k ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Ekgku gSa tks nso ¼f'ko½

¼d½ egkunso & veZ/kkj; ¼[k½ egknso & deZ/kkj;
¼x½ egknso & cgqozhfg ¼?k½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
d{kk 10/ fganh / 16

vifBr xn~;ka'k
Lku 1953 esa izFke ckj eq>s f=kokadqj ¼=kko.kdksj½ tkrs le; vka/kz] rfeyukMq vkSj dsjy dh ,d >yd
ns[kus dks feyhA xzkaM Vªad ,Dlizsl 'kke dks ukxiqj vkrh gSA jkr Hkj e/; izns'k rFkk gSnjkckn dh lhek
esa nkSM+rh jgrh gSA
vkSj lcsjs cstokM+k igq¡prh gS] tks vka/kz dk ,d izeq[k uxj gSA ;gha ls eq>s ,slk yxk fd ekuks dksbZ
ubZ nqfu;k esa izos'k gks jgk gSA leqnz dh ygjksa dks Nw&Nw dj ok;q cgus yxrh gS vkSj ân; esa ,d vthc
mYykl fgyksjsa ysus yxrk gSA d`".kk unh ds Hkh ;gk¡ n'kZu gksrs gSa] ftldh /kkfeZd ifo=krk foJqr gSA
vka/kz dh fL=k;k¡ [kqyh lkM+h /kkj.k djrh gSaA iq:"k Hkh yqaxh ugha igurk] mRRkjoklh dh rjg /kksrh gh igurk
gS] ihNs yk¡x dk Nksj >aMh dh rjg ygjkrk fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA o.kZ izk;% xkSj gksrk gSA yksx rsyxw Hkk"kk cksyrs
gSa] ftlesa yxHkx lRrj izfr'kr 'kCn laLd'r ds gksrs gSaA vka/kz esa fganh dh rqylhd`r jkek;.k dk cM+k izpkj
gSA ,d esjs lg;k=kh us izkr% mBrs gh mldk ikB izkjaHk dj fn;kA mUgha ls Kkr gqvk fd 16oha 'krkCnh
esa gksus okys ogk¡ ds izfl) HkDr dfo F;kxjkt us Hkh rqylh dk vuqdj.k fd;k gS vkSj muds _.k dks
viuh d`fr esa Lohdkj fd;k gSA
1- ys[kd dks =kko.kdksj tkrs le; fdu&fdu LFkkuksa dh >yd feyh\

¼d½ e/;izns'k] gSnjkckn vkSj cstokM+k dh
¼[k½ vka/kzizns'k] rfeyukMq vkSj dsjy dh
¼x½ dsjy] gSnjkckn vkSj cstokM+k dh
¼?k½ e/;izns'k vkSj rfeyukMq dh
2- cstokM+k fdl jkT; esa gS\

¼d½ vka/kz izns'k
¼[k½ e/; izns'k
¼x½ mRrj izns'k
¼?k½ dsjy
3- cstokM+k igq¡prs gh ys[kd dks D;ksa yxk fd og ubZ nqfu;k esa igq¡p x;k gS\
¼d½ ;g LFkku lcls fHkUu gSA
¼[k½ ;gk¡ dk izkd‘frd lkSan;Z vn~Hkqr gSA
¼x½ ;gk¡ gok leqnz dks Nw&Nwdj vkrh gS] eu mYykl ls Hkj mBrk gSA
¼?k½ ;g /kkfeZd n`f"V ls ifo=k LFkku gSA
4- vka/kzizns'k ds yksx dSlh Hkk"kk cksyrs gSa\

¼d½ laLd`r iz/kku rsyxw Hkk"kk
¼[k½ laLd`r iz/kku dUuM+ Hkk"kk
¼x½ fganh iz/kku rsyxw Hkk"kk
¼?k½ laLd`r iz/kku rfey Hkk"kk
5- vka/kz izns'k ds izfl) HkfDr dfo dkSu gSa]

¼d½ R;kxjkt
¼[k½ rqylhnkl
¼x½ ukenso
¼?k½ 'kadjkpk;Z
d{kk 10/ fganh / 18

'kCn vkSj in
iz'u&1 fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft,%&
d- in fdls dgrs gSa\

-
[k- Ikn&ifjp; ls D;k vfHkizk; gS\
x- 'kCn vkSj in esa D;k varj gS\
?k- ‘ 'kCn fdlss dgrs gS\
M- Ikn&ca/k ls D;k vfHkizk; gS\
inca/k
iz'u 1- fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa esa laKk inca/k pqfu,&
¼d½ lM+d ij pyrk gqvk og vkneh vijk/kh FkkA

(i) lM+d ij pyrk gqvk
(ii) lM+d ij pyrk gqvk og
(iii) lM+d ij pyrk gqvk og vkneh
¼[k½ esjs iM+ksl esa cgus okyh unh lw[k xbZ gSA
(i) esjs iM+ksl esa
(ii) esjs iM+ksl esa cgus okyh
(iii) esjs iM+ksl esa cgus okyh unh
(iv) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
¼x½ lkeus ds edku eas jgus okyk yM+dk ,d Nk=k gSA

(i) lkeus ds edku
(ii) lkeus ds edku esa jgus okyk
(iii) lkeus ds edku esa jgus okyk yM+dk
¼?k½ bykgkckn tkus okyh xkM+h py iM+h gSA

(i) py iM+h gS
(ii) bykgkckn tkus okyh
(iii) bykgkckn tkus okyh xkM+h
d{kk 10/ fganh / 20

¼³½ pksVh ls fxjrk gqvk >juk cgqr 'kksj dj jgk gSA
(i) cgqr 'kksj
(i) pksVh ls fxjrk gqvk
(i) pksVh ls fxjrk gqvk >juk
(i) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
¼p½ vkids cpiu dk fe=k vk;k gSA

(i) vk;k gS
(ii) vkids cpiu dk
(iii) vkids cpiu dk fe=k
(iv) bues ls dksbZ ugha
¼N½ rqEgkjk dkyk Nkrk gS dgka

(i) rqEgkjk dkyk
(ii) gS dgka
(iii) rqEgkjk dkyk Nkrk
¼t½ cgqr rst nkSM+us okys yksx vDlj fxj tkrs gSaA
(i) cgqr rst nkSM+us okys
(ii) nkSM+us okys yksx
(iii) cgqr rst nkSM+us okys yksx
¼>½ ydM+h ds bl ckWDl esa fdrkcsa gSaA
(i) ydM+h ds
(ii) ckWDl esa fdrkcsa
(iii) ydM+h ds bl ckWDl esa
¼´½ ikfdLrku ls vk, gq, yksxksa dks ;gh Bgjk;k x;k gSA
(i) ikfdLrku ls vk, gq, yksxksa dks
(ii) ikfdLrku ls vk, gq,
(iii) Bgjk;k x;k gSA\
iz'u 2- loZuke in ca/k pqfu,&
loZuke in can pqfu,&

¼d½ dHkh lp uk cksyus okys rqe lp dSls cksy x,\
(i) dSls cksy x,
(ii) dHkh lp uk cksyus okys
(iii) dHkh uk lp cksyus okys rqe
¼[k½ jkr esa nsj rd tkxus okyk og vkt tYnh lks x;kA
(i) jkr esa
(ii) jkr esa nsj rd txus okyk og
(iii) jkr esa nsj rd tkxus okyk
(iv) tYnh lks x;k
d{kk 10/ fganh / 22

¼x½ laxhr dk tkudkj eSa rqgkjs >kals esa uk vÅaxkA
(i) laxhr dk tkudkj esa
(ii) laxhr dk tkudkj eSa rqgkjs
(iii) uk vÅaxk
¼?k½ ges'kk galus okyk dksbZ mnkl dSls jg ldrk gS\

(i) ges'kk galus okyk dksbZ
(ii) ges'kk galus okyk
(iii) ges'kk galus okyk dksbZ mnkl
³ rqEgkjs iM+ksl esa jgus okys os vc dgka pys x,\

(i) rqEgkjs iM+ksl esa
(ii) rqEgkjs iM+ksl esa jgus okys os
(iii) rqEgkjs iM+ksl esa jgus okys
(iv) vc dgka pys x,
¼p½ fu/kZuksa dh lgk;rk djus okyk og eq>ls feyk FkkA

(i) fu/kZuksa dh lgk;rk djus okyk
(ii) eq>ls feyk Fkk
(iii) fu/kZuksa dh lgk;rk djus okyk og
¼N½ pk; cspus okyk ogh iz/kkuea=kh cu x;kA

(i) odhy iz/kkuea=kh
(ii) pk; cspus okyk ogh
(iii) pk; cspus okyk
(iv) buesa ls dksbZ ugh
¼t½ dkxt ls cuk ;g dc rd fVdsxk\
(i) dkxt ls cuk ;g
(ii) dkxt ls cuk
(iii) dc rd fVdsxk
¼>½ gfLrukiqj ds oklh rqe /kU; gksA

(i) gfLrukiqj ds oklh rqe
(ii) /kU; gks
(iii) gfLrukiqj ds oklh
¼´½ vkids fe=kksa esa ls dksbZ le; ij u igqapkA

(i) vkids fe=kksa esa ls dksbZ
(ii) vkids fe=kksa esa ls
(iii) dksbZ le; ij uk igqapk
iz'u 3- fo'ks"k.k in&can pqfu,&
¼d½ ifjJe djus okys lnSo lQy gksrs gSaA

(i) ifjJe djus okys lnSo
(ii) ifjJe djus okys
(iii) lQy gksrs gSa
d{kk 10/ fganh / 24

¼[k½ xksok tkus okys yksx ;gha BgjsaxsA
(i) xksok tkus okys yksx
(ii) xksok tkus okys
(iii) yksx ;g Bgjsaxs
¼x½ xhr fy[kus okys rqe dgkuh Hkh fy[krs gks\

(i) xhr fy[kus okys
(ii) fy[kus okys rqe
(iii) xhr fy[kus okys rqe dgkuh
¼?k½ 'kkafr dk ikB i<+kus okys ;q) dSls dj ldrs gSa\

(i) 'kkafr dk ikB i<+kus okys
(ii) 'kkafr dk ikB
(iii) dSls dj ldrs gSa
¼³½ esjs cpiu dk fe=k jes'k vk jgk gSA

(i) jes'k vk jgk gS
(ii) esjs cpiu dk fe=k
(iii) esjs cpiu dk fe=k jes'k
¼p½ loZfiz; us ,d lqanj vkSj etcwr ckWDl [kjhnkA

(i) lqanj vkSj etcwr
(i) lqanj vkSj etcwr ckWDl
(i) loZfiz; us
¼N½ rqe t+ehu ij fxjh phtsa+ er mBk;k djksA
(i) t+ehu ij fxjh
(ii) er mBk;k djks
(iii) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
¼t½ brus xgjs vkSj va/ks dq,a esa dkSu mrjsxk\

(i) brus xgjs vkSj va/ks
(ii) brus xgjs vkSj va/ks dq,a esa
(iii) dkSu mrjsxk
¼>½ eq>s ean vkSj 'khry gok lq[kn yxrh gSA

(i) ean vkSj 'khry
(ii) eq>s eu vkSj 'khry
(iii) yxrh gS
¼´½ bruk cM+k vkSj egaxk eksckby ysus dh D;k t+:jr Fkh\
(i) bruk cM+k vkSj egaxk eksckby
(ii) bruk cM+k vkSj egaxk
(iii) eksckby ysus dh
d{kk 10/ fganh / 26

iz'u 4- fØ;k inca/k pqfu,
¼d½ fpfM+;k xhr xk jgh FkhA

(i) fpfM+;k xhr
(ii) xk jgh
(iii) xk jgh Fkh
¼[k½ yM+dh ukpdj Fkd xbZA

(i) ukpdj
(ii) yM+dh ukpdj
(iii) ukpdj Fkd xbZ
¼x½ eSa dk;Z iwjk djds gh tkÅaxkA

(i) dk;Z iwjk djds
(ii) dk;Z iwjk djds gh
(iii) iwjk djds gh tkÅaxk
¼?k½ cPps [kkuk [kkdj lks x,A

(i) [kkuk [kkdj lks x,
(ii) cPps [kkuk [kkdj
¼³½ eksgu i<+ fy[k jgk FkkA

(i) i<+ fy[k jgk Fkk
(ii) jgk Fkk
(iii) i<+ fy[k
¼p½ lq'khyk i<+k jgh gSA
(i) i<+k jgh
(ii) i<+k jgh gS
¼N½ cPpk jksrk gqvk ?kj vk;kA

(i) jksrk gqvk ?kj vk;k
(ii) jksrk gqvk
(iii) vk;k
¼t½ eS Hkh i<+us cSB x;kA

(i) i<+us cSB x;k
(ii) cSB x;k
(iii) eS Hkh
¼>½ eSp fnYyh tkdj [ksyk tk,xkA

(i) eSp fnYyh tkdj
(i) [ksyk tk,xk
iz'u 5- fØ;kfo'ks"k.k inca/k pqfu,
¼d½ eSa gj fnu dh rjg [ksyus yxkA

(i) [ksyus yxk
(ii) gj fnu dh rjg
(iii) gj fnu dh rjg [ksyus yxk
d{kk 10/ fganh / 28

¼d½ og lqcg ls 'kke rd dke dj jgk FkkA
(i) lqcg ls 'kke rd
(ii) dke dj jgk Fkk
¼[k½ og eqag va/ksjs gh pyk tkrk FkkA

(i) og eqag va/ksjs gh
(ii) eqag va/ksjs gh
(iii) pyk tkrk Fkk
¼x½ fiNys fnuksa dh vis{kk vkt vf/kd mel gSA

(i) fiNys fnuksa dh vis{kk vkt
(ii) fiNys fnuksa dh vis{kk
(iii) vf/kd mel
¼?k½ iÙks /khjs&/khjs uhps vk jgs FksA

(i) /khjs /khjs
(ii) /khjs&/khjs uhps
(iii) vk jgs Fks
(iv) ,sls dksbZ ugha
¼³½ cPps f[kM+dh ls ckgj ns[k jgs FksA

(i) ns[k jgs Fks
(ii) f[kM+dh ls ckgj
(iii) f[kM+d ls
¼p½ og QqVckWy dh rjg yq<+d dj xj x;kA

(i) QqVckWy dh rjg yq<d + dj
(ii) fxj x;k
y/kq dFku ys[k
vH;kl
uhps fn, x, fp=k è;ku ls nsf[k,A fp=k dks vk/kkj cukdj mldk ifjp; nsrk ys[k] ?kVuk
vFkok dgkuh fyf[k,] ftldk lh/kk o Li"V laca/k fp=k ls gksuk pkfg,%&
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
d{kk 10/ fganh / 30

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
tqykbZ
ioZr izns'k esa ikol ¼lqfe=kuanu iar½
ikol _rq Fkh] ioZr izns'k

iy&iy ifjofrZr izÑfr&os'kA
es[kykdkj ioZr vikj
vius lgL=k n`x&lqeu QkM+]
voyksd jgk gS ckj&ckj
uhps ty esa fut egkdkj
ftlds pj.kksa esa iyk rky
niZ.k&lk QSyk gS fo'kkyA
fxfj dk xkSjo xkdj >j&>j
en esa ul&ul mRrsftr dj
eksrh dh yfM+;ksa ls lqanj
>jrs gS >kx Hkjs fu>Zj
d- ;gk¡ fdl _rq dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gS\
[k- ioZr fdl vkdkj esa [kM+s gSa \
x- >jus D;k dj jgs gSa\
?k- >jus fdlds leku yx jgss gSa\
³- >jus fdlesa viuk izfrfcac ns[k dj jgs gSa\
d{kk 10/ fganh / 32

¼[k½ mM+ x;k] vpkud yks] vk;k Hkw/kj!
vk;k Hkw/kj QM+dk vikj ikjn ds ij !
jo&’'ks"k jg x, gSa fu>Zj !
gS VwV iM+k Hkw ij vacj !
/k¡l x, /kjk esa lHk; 'kky !
mB jgk /kqvk¡] ty x;k rky !
;ksa tyn&;ku esa fopj&fopj
Fkk banz [ksyrk banztkyA
d- bl dfork esa fdl _rq dk o.kZu gS\
[k- ^Hkw/kj* dk i;kZ;okph fyf[k,A
x- ioZr dSls xk;c gks x,\
?k- banz Hkxoku D;k dj jgs gSa\
³- ^ty x;k rky* esa dfo us D;k dYiuk dh gS\

d- bl dfork dk izfrikn~; fyf[k,A
[k- bl dfork esa ftu vyadkjksa dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gS mudh lwph cukb,A
Mk;jh dk ,d iUuk ¼lhrkjke lsdlfj;k½

iz'u&1 fuEufyf[kr xn~;ka'kksa dks i<+dj fn, x, iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft,%&
¼d½ dydRrs ds izR;sd Hkkx esa gh >aMs yxk, x, FksA ftl jkLrs ls euq"; tkrs Fks] mlh jkLrs
esa mRlkg vkSj uohurk ekywe gksrh FkhA yksxksa dk dguk Fkk fd ,slh ltkoV igys ugha gqbZA iqfyl Hkh
viuh iwjh rkdr ls 'kgj essa x'r nsdj izn'kZu dj jgh FkhA eksVj ykfj;kas esa xksj[ks rFkk lkjtsaV izR;sd
eksM ij rSukr FksA fdruh gh ykfj;k¡ 'kgj esa ?kqekbZ tk jgh FkhaA ?kqMlokjksa dk izca/k FkkA dgha Hkh VªSfQd
iqfyl ugha Fkh] lkjh iqfyl dks blh dke esa yxk;k x;k FkkA cM+sµcM+s ikdksZa rFkk eSnkuksa dks iqfyl us losjs
ls gh ?ksj fy;k FkkA
d- ikB vkSj ys[kd dk uke fyf[k, A
[k- jkLrksa ij mRlkg vkSj uohurk D;ksa ekywe gks jgh Fkh \
x- iqfyl dh izfrfØ;k dSlh Fkh] Li"V dhft, A
?k- ûohurk* esas ls ewy 'kCn vkSj izR;; Nk¡Vdj dj vyx&vyx fy[ksa A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 34

¼[k½ tc ls dkuwu Hkax dk dke 'kq: gqvk gS] rc ls vkt rd bruh cM+h lHkk ,sls eSnku esa ugha
dh xbZ Fkh vkSj ;g lHkk rks dguk pkfg, fd vksiu yM+kbZ FkhA iqfyl dfe’uj dk uksfVl fudy pqdk
Fkk fd veqd&veqd /kkjk ds vuqlkj dksbZ lHkk ugha gks ldrhA tks yksx dke djus okys Fks] mu lcdks
baLisDVjksa ds n~okjk uksfVl vkSj lwpuk ns nh xbZ Fkh fd vki ;fn lHkk esas Hkkx ysaxsa] rks nks"kh le>s tk,¡xsA
b/kj dkSafly dh rjQ ls uksfVl fudy vk;k Fkk fd eksuqesaV ds uhps Bhd pkj ctdj pkSchl feuV ij
>aMk Qgjk;k tk,xk rFkk Lora=krk dh izfrKk i<+h tk,xhA loZlk/kkj.k dh mifLFkfr gksuh pkfg,A [kqyk
pSysat nsdj ,slh lHkk igys ugha dh xbZ FkhA
d- ^Lora=krk* vkSj ^mifLFkfr* 'kCnksa ds foykse 'kCn fy[ksaA
[k- lHkk dks vksiu yM+kbZ D;ksa dgk x;k gS\
x- iqfyl dfe'uj us D;k uksfVl fudkyk Fkk\
?k- dkSafly ds uksfVl esa D;k dgk x;k Fkk\
d- Hkkjr dks feyh Lora=krk esa lHkh oxksaZ dh Hkwfedk Fkh& fln~/k dhft,A
vxLr
ehjk
¼d½ eksj eqxV ihrkEcj lkSgs] xy oStUrhekykA

fcUnjkou esa /ksuq&pjkos] eksgu eqjyhokykA
Å¡pk&Å¡pk egy c.kkoa] fcp&fcp jk[kwa ckjhA
lk¡ofj;k jk njl.k ikL;w¡ igj dqlqEch lkM+hA
vk/kh jkr izHkq njl.k] nhT;ks teukth js rhjk¡A
d- izLrqr in esa dof;=kh us vius vkjkè; ds :i dk o.kZu dSls fd;k gS\
[k- dof;=kh us foUnjkou ds ckjs esa D;k dgk gS\
x- Ekhjk fdl izdkj dk egy cukuk pkgrh gSa\
?k- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ds izpfyr :i fyf[k, %njl.k] eqxV
³- ehjk vius izHkq ds n'kZu dgk¡ vkSj dc djuk pkgrh gSa\
¼[k½ gfj vki gjks tu jh HkhjA

nzksinh jh ykt jk[kh] vki c<+k;ks phjA
Hkxr dkj.k :i ujgfj] èkj~;ks vki ljhjA
cw<+rks xtjkt jk[;ks] dkVh dq.tj ihjA
nklh ehjk¡ yky fxjèkj] gjks Egkjh HkhjAA
d{kk 10/ fganh / 36
d- dof;=kh vius izHkq ls fdldh foifRr nwj djus dh izkFkZuk dj jgh gSa\
[k- izHkq us fdldh ykt j[kh Fkh vkSj dSls\
x- HkDr izg~ykn dks cpkus ds fy, izHkq us fdldk :i /kkj.k fd;k\
?k- Hkxoku us Mwcrs xtjkt dks cpkus ds fy, D;k fd;k Fkk\
³- bl in dh Hkk"kk dkSu&lh gS\
p- ^Hkxr* vkSj ^ljhj* 'kCnksa ds izpfyr :i fyf[k,A
rksi ¼ohjsu Maxoky½
iz'u&1 dkO;ka'k i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa ds mfpr fodYi pqudj fyf[k,%&

daiuh ckx ds eqgkus ij
/kj j[kh xbZ gS ;g 1857 dh rksi
bldh gksrh gS cM+h laHkky] fojklr esa feys
daiuh ckx dh rjg
Lkky esa pedkbZ tkrh gS nks ckjA
d- dfo vkSj dfork dk uke fyf[k,A
[k- daiuh ckx ds eqgkus ij D;k j[kh gqbZ gS\
x- bl rksi ds ckjs esa D;k dgk x;k gS\
?k- bls dc pedk;k tkrk gS\
³- ;g rksi fdl le; dh gS\
p- ^ckx* 'kCn ds nks Ik;kZ; fyf[k,A

d- ^rksi* dfork dk izfrikn~; fyf[k,A
[k- daiuh ckx vkSj rksi dks fojklr ekudj D;ksa lqjf{kr j[kk x;k\
d{kk 10/ fganh / 38

okD;
Ikz'u 1- jpuk ds vk/kkj ij okD; ds Hksn fyf[k,&
jke ckt+kj x;k ij mlus Qy ugha [kjhnsA

¼d½ ljy okD; ¼[k½ la;qDr okD;
¼x½ fefJr okD;
Tkc jke ckt+kj x;k] rc mlus Qy ugha [kjhnsA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
jke us ckt+kj tkdj Qy ugha [kjhnsA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
Tkks ckny xjtrs gSa] os cjlrs ughaA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
Xkjtus okys ckny cjlrs ughaA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
Ckkny xjtrs jgs] ysfdu cjls ughaA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
Pkk; rS;kj gksus ij mlus I;kys esa Hkj nhA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
Pkk; rS;kj gqbZ vkSj mlus I;kys esa Hkj nhA
¼x½ fefJr okD;
tSls gh pk; rS;kj gqbZ oSls gh mlus I;kys esa Hkj nhA
¼x½ fefJr okD;
Tkat+hj [khaprs gh Vªsu :d xbZA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
Tkt+hj [khaph vkSj Vªsu :d xbZA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
tSls gh Tkat+hj [khaph] oSls gh Vªsu :d xbZA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
yM+dh eksVj ls VdjkbZ vkSj mldh e`R;q gks xbZA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
yM+dh dh e`R;q eksVj ls Vdjkdj gks xbZA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
T;ksa gh yM+dh eksVj ls VdjkbZ mldh e`R;q gks xbZA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
d{kk 10/ fganh / 40

mlus tSls gh iku [kk;k] mls pDdj vkus yxsA
¼x½ fefJr okD;
mlus iku [kk;k vkSj mls pDdj vkus yxsA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
Ikku [kkrs gh mls pDdj vkus yxsA
¼x½ fefJr okD;
Ekksgu ds fnYYkh tkus ij Hkh mldk dke ugha gqvkA

¼x½ fefJr okD;
;n~;fi eksgu fnYyh x;k] rFkkfi mldk dke ugha gqvkA
Ikz'u 2- fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa esa mfpr fodYi pqfu,&
esgurh yksx mUufr djrs gSaA ¼feJ okD; esa½

1- tc esgurh gksrs gSa] rc mUufr djrs gSaA
2- tks esgurh gksrs gSa] os mUufr djrs gSaA
3- ftudh esgur gksrh gS] os mUufr djrs gSaA
d`".k eqjyh ctkrs gSa vkSj jk/kk ukprh gSaA ¼feJ okD; esa½
1- d`".k ds eqjyh ctkus ij jk/kk ukprh gSaA
2- d`".k eqjyh ctkrs gSa] rHkh jk/kk ukprh gSaA
3- tc d`".k eqjyh ctkrs gSa] rc jk/kk ukprh gSaA
ek¡ ds vkus ls cPps izlUu gks x,A ¼la;qDr okD; esa½

1- ek¡ vkbZ vkSj cPps izlUu gks x,A
2- tc ek¡ vkbZ] rc cPPks izlUu gks x,A
3- T;ksa gh ek¡ vkbZ] cPps izlUu gks x,A
Ekqlhcr vk tk, rks ?kcjkuk ugha pkfg,A ¼ljy okD; esa½

1- Ekqlhcr vkrs gh ?kcjkuk ugha pkfg,A
2- Ekqlhcr vkus ij ?kcjkuk ugha pkfg,A
3- Ekqlhcr vk, ysfdu ?kcjkuk ugha pkfg,A
tSls gh eSaus [kkuk [kk;k] oSls gh lks x;kA ¼la;qDr okD; esa½
1- eSa [kkuk [kkrs gh lks x;kA
2- tc eSaus [kkuk [kk;k] rc lks x;kA
3- eSus [kkuk [kk;k vkSj lks x;kA
eq[; vfrfFk vk, vkSj dk;ZØe 'kq: gks x;kA ¼ljy½

1- T;ksa gh eq[; vfrfFk vk, dk;ZØe 'kq: gks x;kA
2- Ekq[; vfrfFk ds vkrs gh dk;ZØe 'kq: gks x;kA
3- Ekq[; vfrfFk vk, rks dk;ZØe 'kq: gks x;kA
jke dk lc dqN [kks x;k ¼feJ½

1- gkyk¡fd jke gS ij lc dqN [kks x;kA
2- jke gS ysfdu mldk lc dqN [kks x;kA
3- tks jke gS] mldk lc dqN [kks x;kA
tc ikuh cjlus yxk] rc eSa rqjar ykSV vk;kA ¼la;qDr½

1- T;ksa gh ikuh cjlus yxk] eSa rqjar ykSV vk;kA
2- Ikkuh cjlrs gh eSa ykSV vk;kA
3- Ikkuh cjlus yxk vkSj eSa rqjar ykSV vk;kA
Ekkrk dh bPNk Fkh fd csVk bathfu;j cusA ¼ljy½

1- Ekrk vius csVs dks bathfu;j cukuk pkgrh FkhA
2- Tkks ekrk gS] mldh bPNk csVs dks bathfu;j cukus dh FkhA
3- Ekrk Fkh csVs dks bathfu;j cukukA
Tkc os cktkj x, rc iqLrd [kjhn yk,A ¼la;qDr½

1- Ckt+kj tkdj os iqLrd [kjhn yk,A
2- Oks ckt+kj x, vkSj iqLrd [kjhn yk,A
3- Oks ckt+kj x, blfy, iqLrd [kjhn yk,A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 42

Lkqcg mBdj cPps us nw/k fi;kA ¼feJ½

1- cPps us lqcg mBdj nw/k fi;k fd ughaA
2- tc cPpk lqcg lksdj mBk] mlus nw/k fi;kA
3- cPps us nw/k fi;k D;ksafd og lqc mB x;kA
'ksj ngkM+ jgk Fkk vkSj mlus fgju ij geyk dj fn;kA ¼feJ½
1- tks ngkM+rk gqvk 'ksj Fkk mlus fgju ij geyk dj fn;kA
2- ngkM+rs gq, 'ksj us fgju ij geyk dj fn;kA
3- buesa ls dksbZ ughaA
mldk pqVdqyk lqudj lc g¡l iM+s ¼la;qDr½
1- lcus mldk pqVdqyk lquk vkSj g¡l iM+sA
2- lcus mldk pqVdqyk lquk fQj Hkh g¡l iM+sA
3- tc lcus mldk pqVdqyk lquk] rc g¡l iM+sA
tc og yM+dk xk¡o x;k] rc chekj iM+ x;kA ¼ljy½

1- og yM+dk xk¡o x;k] blfy, chekj iM+ x;kA
2- xk¡o tkrs g hog yM+dk chekj iM+ x;kA
egku yksx tks ekxZ crkrs gSa] yksx mlh ij pyrs gSaA ¼ljy½
1- yksx egku O;fDr;ksa n~okjk crk, x, ekxZ ij gh pyrs gSaA
2- egku yksx ekxZ crkrs gSa vkSj yksx ml ij pyrs gSaA
eqgkojs vkSj yksdksfDr

iz'u&1 fuEufyf[kr eqgkojksa dk okD;ksa esa bl izdkj iz;ksx dhft, fd mudk vFkZ Li"V gks tk,%&
d- fny elksl dj jg tkuk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[k- eq¡g yVdkuk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x- frrj&fcrj gksuk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?k- gjQ+uekSyk gksuk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
³- Ykxrh ckrsa dguk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
‘ p- 'kkeZ ls ikuh&ikuh gksuk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N- ik¡o ilkjuk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
t- Pkksjksa dk&lk thou dkVuk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>- T+kehu ij ik¡o u j[kuk\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
´- igkM+ ds leku
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
d{kk 10/ fganh / 44

iz'u&2 fuEufyf[kr eqgkojksa dk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft,%&
d- Tkh yypkuk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[k- Rkyokj [khap ysuk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x- ,dVd fugkjuk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?k- flj fQj tkuk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
³- lqjkx u feyuk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
p- vkx ccwyk gks tkuk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N- ?kko ij ued fNM+duk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
t- va/ks ds gkFk cVsj yxuk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>- Tkku c['k nsuk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
´- [kwu [kkSyuk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
iz'u&3 eqgkojksa dk lgh vFkZ fyf[k,%&
d- dke Rkeke djuk [k- my>u esa iM+uk
x- [kq'kh dk fBdkuk u jguk ?k- ureLRkd gksuk
³- vk¡[ksa QksM+uk p- g¡lh&[ksy u gksuk
iz'u&4 fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa esa fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ mi;qDr eqgkojs ls dhft,%
d- jkt us izFke vkus ds fy, —----------------------------------------------- gSA
[k- dey us pksjh djds ifjokj dh bTtr ----------------------------------------------A„
x- vius csVs dh djrwr ns[k ek¡—----------------------------------------------—xbZA
?k- NksVs ls vijk/k ij firk us ,sls ----------------------------------------------—fd eSa ureLrd gks x;kA
— — — — — — — — — ³
— - ---------------------------------------------- vkneh Hkh nqfu;k fgyk ldrs gSA
p- enj Vsjslk xjhcksa ds fy, ---------------------------------------------- jgrh gSaA
iz'u&5 mfpr eqgkojksa n~okjk fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,%
d- jek us tc viuh lgsyh ls enn ek¡xh rks mlus ---------------------------------------------- fn;kA
[k- bl LokFkhZ lalkj esa nhu&nqf[k;ksa ---------------------------------------------- ds okyk dksbZ ugha gSA
x- jes'k ds ijh{kk esa Qsy gksus ij mlds firkth ---------------------------------------------- gks x,A
?k- eSa rqEgsa vPNh rjg ls tkurk gw¡A eq>s ---------------------------------------------- dh dksf'k'k er djksA
— — — — — — — — — ³
— - O;kikj esa uqdlku gksus ls euksgj dh ---------------------------------------------- xbZA
p- pquko ds le; lHkh usrk ,d nwljs ij ---------------------------------------------- esa yxs jgrs gSaA
N- nwljksa ds ekeys esa ---------------------------------------------- eq>s ilan ugha gSA
t- xgjh [kkbZ esa yVdrh cl dks ns[kdj esjs ---------------------------------------------- x,A
>- /kks[kk [kkdj vc mldh ---------------------------------------------- [kqyh gSA
´- ohj larkuksa uss ---------------------------------------------- ck¡/kdj ns'k dh j{kk dhA
V- ---------------------------------------------- ds ckn og rqjar py iM+kA
B- eSa ;g ft+Eesnkjh ugha ys ldrk vki D;ksa ---------------------------------------------- gSaA
M- nwljksa ij ---------------------------------------------- ds cnys viuk dke tYnh iwjk djksA
<- rqeus esjs lkjs vjekuksa dks ----------------------------------------------A
.k- tks dke esjs ---------------------------------------------- gSa mlds fy, dSls gkeh Hk:¡A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 46
vifBr xn~;ka'k
Xkq# ukudnso dk vkfoHkkZo vkt ls yxHkx ik¡p lkS o"kZ iwoZ dkfrZd iwf.kZek ds fnu gqvkA Hkkjro"kZ
dh feV~Vh esa ;qx ds vuq:I egkiq#"kksa dks tUe nsus dk vn~Hkqr xq.k gSA vkt ls ik¡p lkS o"kZ igys dk
ns'k vusd dqlaLdkjksa esa my>k FkkA tkfr;ksa] laiznk;ksa] /keksZ ds ladh.kZ dqykfHkekuksa ls og [kaM fofPNUu
gks x;k FkkA ns'k esa u, /keZ ds vkxarqdksa ds dkj.k ,d ,slh leL;k mB [kM+h gqbZ Fkh] tks bl ns'k ds
gtkjksa o"kksZa ds yacs bfrgkl esa vifjfpr FkhA ,sls gh nq?kZV dky esa bl ns'k dh feV~Vh us ,sls vusd
egkiq#"kksa dks mRiUu fd;k] tks lM+h :f<+;ksa] e`rizk; vkpkjksa] cklh fopkjks vkSj vFkZghu ladh.kZrkvksa ds
fo#) izgkj djus esa dqafBr ugha gq, vkSj bu ttZj ckrksa ls ijs lcesa fon~;eku lcdks ubZ T;ksfr vkSj
u;k thou iznku djus okys egku thou&nsork dh efgek izfrf"Br djus esa leFkZ gq,A bu larksa dh
T;ksfr"d eaMyh esa xq# ukudnso ,sls lar gS] tks 'kjr~dky ds iw.kZpanz dh rjg gh fLuX/k] mlh izdkj
'kkar&fueZy] mlh izdkj jf'e ds HkaMkj FksA
dbZ larks us dl&dl ds pksVsa ekjha] O;aX;&ck.k NksM+s] rdZ dh Nqjh pykbZ] ij egku~ xq# ukudnso
us lq/kk ysi dk dke fd;kA ;g v'p;Z dh ckr gS fd fopkj vkSj vkpkj dh nqfu;k esa bruh cM+h Økafr
ys vkus okyk ;g lar brus e/kqj] brus fLuX/k] brus eksgd opuksa dk cksyus okyk gSA mUgksaus e`R;q&i;Zar
fganw&eqlyekuksa ds rhoz erHksnksa dks nwj djus dh lQy ps"Vk dh buds f'k";ksa esa fganw o eqlyeku nkuksa
dh FksA buds vuq;k;h ckn esa flD[k dgyk, vkSj mUgksaus muds fln~/kkarksa dks ^xzaFk&lkcg* esa lax`ghr
fd;kA
1- xq# ukud dk vkfoHkkZo dc gqvk\

¼d½ ik¡p lkS o"kZ iwoZ dkfrZd vekoL;k dks
¼[k½ yxHkx ik¡p lkS o"kZ iwoZ 'kjr iwf.kZek ds fnu
¼x½ ik¡p lkS o"kZ iwoZ dkfrZd iwf.kZek ds fnu
¼?k½ yxHkx ik¡p lkS o"kZ iwoZ dkfrZd iwf.kZek ds fnu
2- vkt ls ik¡p lkS o"kZ igys lekt dh dSlh fLFkfr Fkh\

¼d½ lekt dqlaLdkjksa esa my>k FkkA
¼[k½ lekt esa ijLij lkSgknZz FkkA
¼x½ lekt esa 'kkafr vkSj izse FkkA
¼?k½ lekt esa vlekurk FkhA
3- xq# ukud ds vuq;k;h D;k dgyk,\
¼d½ fganw
¼[k½ ikjlh
¼x½ flD[k
¼?k½ bZlkbZ
4- xq# ukud th dh rqyuk 'kjndky ds iw.kZpanz ls D;ksa dh gS\

¼d½ os iw.kZ panz dh rjg xksy&eVksy FksA
¼[k½ 'kjndky ds iw.kZpanz dh Hkk¡fr fLuX/k] 'kkar] fueZy vkSj izdk'k ds HkaMkj FksA
¼x½ os pk¡n dh pk¡nuh :ih ve`r dk ysi yxkus okys FksA
¼?k½ os ubZ T;ksfr vkSj u;k thou iznku djus okys FksA
5- fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk fo'ks"k.k xq# ukud ds fy, lgh gS\

¼d½ e/kqHkk"kh
¼[k½ ohj ;ks)k
¼x½ lar
¼?k½ lekt lq/kkjd
d{kk 10/ fganh / 48

flrEcj
rrk¡jk okehjks dFkk ¼yhyk/kj eaMyksb½Z
iz'u&1 xn~;ka'kksa dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft,%
¼d½ Øks/k esa mlus ryokj fudkyh vkSj dqN fopkj djrk jgkA Øks/k yxkrkj vfXu dh rjg c<+
jgk FkkA yksx lge mBsA ,d lUukVk&lk f[kap x;kA tc dksbZ jkg u lw>h rks Øks/k dk 'keu djus ds
fy, mlesa 'kfDr Hkj mls /kjrh esa ?kkasi fn;k vkSj rkdr ls mls [khapus yxkA og ilhus ls ugk mBkA lc
?kcjk, gq, FksA og ryokj dks viuh rjQ [khaprs&[khaprs nwj rd igq¡p x;kA og gk¡Q jgk FkkA vpkud
tgk¡ rd ydhj f[kap xbZ Fkh] ogk¡ ,d njkj gksus yxhA ekuks /kjrh nks VqdM+ksa esa c¡Vus yxh gksA ,d
xM+xM+kgV&lh xw¡tus yxh vkSj ydhj dh lh/k esa /kjrh QVrh gh tk jgh FkhA n~ohi ds vafre fljs rd
rrk¡jk /kjrh dks ekuks Øks/k esa dkVrk tk jgk FkkA lHkh Hk;kdqy gks mBsA yksxksa us ,sls n`"; dh dYiuk u
dh Fkh] os flgj mBsA
d- rrk¡jk ds Øks/k dk D;k dkj.k Fkk\
[k- Øks/k esa rrk¡jk us D;k fd;k\
x- yksx Hk;Hkhr D;ksa Fks\
¼[k½ lfn;ksa iwoZ] tc fyfVy vaneku vkSj dkj&fudksckj vkil esa tqM+s gq, Fks rc ogk¡ ,d
lqanj&lk xk¡o FkkA ikl esa ,d lqanj vkSj‘'kfDr'kkyh ;qod jgk djrk FkkA mldk uke Fkk rrk¡jkA
fudksckjh mls csgn izse djrs FksA rrk¡jk ,d usd vkSj ennxkj O;fDr FkkA lnSo nwljksa dh lgk;rk ds
fy, rRij jgrkA vius xk¡o okyksa dks gh ugha] vfirq lewps n~ohiokfl;ksa dh lsok djukA viuk ije drZO;
le>rk FkkA mlds bl R;kx dh otg ls og pfpZr FkkA lHkh mldk vknj djrsA oDr eqlhcr esa mls
Lej.k djrs vkSj og Hkkxk&Hkkxk ogk¡ igq¡p tkrkA nwljs xk¡oksa esa Hkh ioZ&R;ksgkjksa ds le; mls fo'ks"k :i
ls vkeaf=kr fd;k tkrkA mldk O;fDrRo rks vkd"kZd Fkk gh] lkFk gh vkReh; LoHkko dh otg ls yksx
mlds djhc jguk pkgrsA ikjaifjd iks'kkd ds lkFk og viuh dej esa lnSo ,d ydM+h dh ryokj
ck¡/ks jgrkA yksxksa dk er Fkk] ckotwn ydM+h dh gksus ij] ml ryokj esa vn~Hkqr nSoh; 'kfDr FkhA rrk¡jk
viuh ryokj dks dHkh vyx u gksus nsrkA mldk nwljksa ds lkeus mi;ksx Hkh u djrkA fdarq mlds pfpZr
lkgfld dkjukeksa ds dkj.k yksx&ckx ryokj esa vn~Hkqr 'kfDr dk gksuk ekurs FksA rrk¡jk dh ryokj ,d
foy{k.k jgL; FkhA
d- rrk¡jk dkSu Fkk\ og viuk drZO; fdls le>rk Fkk\
[k- rrk¡jk dks ioZ&R;ksgkj ij D;ksa vkeaf=kr fd;k tkrk Fkk \
x- mldh ryokj dks yksx D;k ekurs Fks \
d- rrk¡jk dk pfj=k&fp=k.k dhft,A
[k- ikB ds vk/kkj ij okehjks dk pfj=k&fp=k.k dhft,A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 50

vifBr xn~;ka'k
Tkc dksbZ ;qok iq#”k vius ?kj ls ckgj fudydj ckgjh lalkj esa viuh fLFkfr tekrk gS] rc igyh
dfBurk mls fe=k pquus esa iM+rh gSA ;fn mldh fLFkfr fcYdqy ,dkar vkSj fujkyh ugha jgrh rks mldh
tku&igpku ds yksx /kM+k/kM+ c<+rs tkrs gSa vkSj FkksM+s gh fnuksa esa dqN yksxksa ls mldk gsy&esy gks tkrk
gSA ;gh gsy&esy c<+rs&c<+rs fe=krk ds :Ik esa ifj.kr gks tkrk gSA fe=kksa ds pquko dh mi;qDrrk ij mlds
thou dh lQyrk fuHkZj gks tkrh gSA
D;ksafd laxfr dk xqIr izHkko gekjs vkpj.k ij cM+k Hkkjh iM+rk gSA ge yksx ,sls le; esa izos'k
djds viuk dk;Z vkjaHk djrs gSa] tcfd gekjk fpr dksey vkSj gj rjg dk laLdkj xzg.k djus ;ksX;
jgrk gS] gekjs Hkko vifjekftZr vkSj gekjh izo`fr vifjiDo jgrh gSA ge yksx dPph feV~Vh dh ewfrZ ds
leku jgrs gSa] ftls tks ftl :Ik dk pkgs ml :Ik dk djs&pkgs jk{kl cukos] pkgs nsorkA ,sls yksxksa dk
lkFk djuk gekjs fy, cqjk gS tks gels vf/kd n‘<+ ladYi ds gSa] D;ksafd gesa mudh gj ,d ckr fcuk
fojks/k ds eku ysuh iM+rh gSA ij ,sls yksxksa dk lkFk djuk vkSj cqjk gS] tks gekjh gh ckr dks Åij j[krs
gSa] D;ksafd ,slh n'kk esa u rks gekjs Åij dksbZ ncko jgrk gS vkSj u gekjs fy, dksbZ lgkjk jgrk gSA
1- ckgjh lalkj esa fudyus ij ;qokvksa dks igy dfBukbZ D;k gksrh gSA
¼d½ y{; pquus esa
¼[k½ fe=k pquus esa
¼x½ jkg pquus esa
¼?k½ ukSdjh pquus esa
2- thou dh lQyrk fdl ij fuHkZj djrh gSA
¼d½ ifjJe ij
¼[k½ HkkX; ij
¼x½ fe=kksa ds pquko dh mi;qDrrk ij
¼?k½ lekt ij
3- fe=krk dSls gksrh gS\
¼d½ gsy&esy c<+rs&c<+rs fe=krk esa cny tkrk gSA
¼[k½ lHkh tkuus okys fe=k cu tkrs gSaA
¼x½ igyh n`f"V esa gh ilan vkus okyk fe=k cu tkrk gSA
¼?k½ iM+kslh ls vius vki fe=krk gks tkrh gSA
4- ;qokvksa dks dPPkh feV~Vh dh ewfrZ D;ksa dgk gS\

¼d½ muds Hkko vkSj fopkj vifjiDo gksrs gSa] ftlls mUgsa fl :Ik esa pkgsa] ml esa <kyk tk
ldrk gS & ekuo ;k nkuo
¼[k½ mudk 'kjhj dPph feV~Vh dh ewfrZ dh rjg uktqd gksrk gS tks t+jk ls Hkkj ls VwV
ldrk gSA
¼x½ dPph feV~Vh dh ewfrZ dh rjg ;qok ft+Eesnkjh dk cks> ugha mBk ldrsA
¼?k½ dPph feV~Vh dh ewfrZ dh rjg ;qokvksa ij jax vPNk p<+rk gSA
5- Vius ls vf/kd n`<+ ladYi okys dk lkFk djuk D;ksa cqjk gS\
¼d½ blls gekjs Åij dksbZ ncko ugha jgrkA
¼[k½ gesa mudh gj ckr fcuk fojks/k ds ekuuh iM+rh gSA
¼x½ ge viuh ckr ugha euok ikrsA
¼?k½ gekjh Lora=krk fNu tkrh gSA
d{kk 10/ fganh / 52

1- fuEufyf[kr in~;ka'kksa dks /;kuiwoZd i<+dj fn, x, ç'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,&
fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, ifjJe dk fo'ks"k egRo gSA fo|kFkhZ dky lk/kuk dky gS] ;gh og le; gS] tc
fo|kFkhZ dks dsoy vius v/;;u&euu vkSj 'kkjhfjd LokLF; cukus ds vfrfjä vkSj dqN Hkh ugha djuk
gksrk mldk ,dek=k /;ku vius 'kkjhfjd&ekufld fodkl dks le`) djus dh vksj jgrk gSA [kkus&ihus]
iguus&vks<+us vFkok i<+kbZ fy[kkbZ ds [kpZ vkfn dh mUgsa dksbZ fpark ugha gksrhA ,slh fLFkfr esa Hkh ;fn
os ifjJe ls th pqjk,¡ rks mudk nqHkkZX; gS( D;ksafd dgk x;k gS&
^lq[kkfFkZuks dqrks fon~;k] fo|kfFkZuks dqrks lq[ke~A*
vFkkZr~ lq[k pkgus okys ds fy, fo|k dgk¡ vkSj fo|k dh bPNk j[kus okys dks lq[k dgk¡ ifjJeh
O;fä dks viuh -n`f"V dsoy vius mís'; fcanq ij xM+k, vkxs c<+uk pkfg,A ifjJe ,d 'kfä gSA ftlus
Hkh ;g 'kfä çkIr dj yh] lQyrk us mlds xys esa t;ekyk Mky nhA ifjJe ds cy ij gh O;fä
vlaHko dks laHko dj fn[kkrk gSA ifjJe ls gh mlus dks;ys ls ghjs dk fuekZ.k vkSj izd`fr ij viuk vf/
kdkj fd;kA
ifjJe thou dh ewy 'kfDr] mUufr vkSj lQyrk dk jgL; gSA
1- mi;qä xn~;ka'k dk mi;qä 'kh"kZd nhft,A
¼d½ ifjJe lQyrk dh dqt
a h
¼[k½ i<+kbZ fy[kkbZ dk egRo
¼x½ [kkus&ihus dk egRo
¼?k½ vks<+us&iguus dk egRo
2- fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, fdl&fdl dk fo'ks"k egRo gS\
¼d½ ifjJe dk
¼[k½ lSj&likVs dk
¼x½ fQYe dk
¼?k½ nkSM+ dk
3- fo|kFkhZ dky dks D;k dgk x;k gS\
¼d½ vk/kqfud dky
¼[k½ Hkfä dky
¼x½ lk/kuk dky
¼?k½ jhfr dky
4- fo|kFkhZ dky esa fo|kFkhZ dk /;ku fdl rjQ jgrk gS\
¼d½ Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dks le`) djus dh vksj
¼[k½ 'kkjhfjd&ekufld fodkl dh le`) djus dh vksj
¼x½ vf/kd ls vf/kd /ku çkfIr dh rjQ
¼?k½ vius ekrk&firk o v/;kidksa dh [kq'kh dh rjQ
5- mUgsa fdl çdkj dh fpark ugha gksrh\

¼d½ [kkus&ihus dh
¼d½ vks<+us&iguus dh
¼d½ i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ dh
¼d½ lHkh lgh gSa
d{kk 10/ fganh / 54

euq";rk ¼eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr½
¼d½ fopkj yks fd eR;Z gks u e`R;q ls Mjks dHkh]

ejks] ijUrq ;ksa ejks fd ;kn tks djsa lHkhA
gqbZ u ;ksa lqe`R;q rks o`Fkk ejs o`Fkk ft,]
ejk ugha ogh fd tks ft;k u vkids fy,A
ogh i'kq izo`fRr gS fd vki] vki gh pjs]
ogh euq"; gS fd tks euq"; ds fy, ejsA
d- lqe`R;q fdldh gksrh gS\
[k- î'kq&izo`fRr* ls D;k rkRi;Z gS\
x- dfo ds vuqlkj euq"; dgykus dk okLrfod vf/kdkj dkSu gS\
?k- gesa e`R;q ls D;ksa ugha Mjuk pkfg,A
³ dfo vkSj dfork dk uke fyf[k,A
¼[k½ vuar varfj{k esa vuar nso gSa [kM+s]
le{k gh Lockgq tks c<+k jgs cM+s&cM+sA
ijLijkoyac ls mBks rFkk c<+ks lHkh]
vHkh veR;Z&vad esa viad gks p<+ks lHkhA
jgks u ;ksa fd ,d ls u dke vkSj dk ljs]
ogh euq"; gS fd tks euq”; ds fy, ejsAA
d- dkO;ka'k esa dfo euq"; dks vius vaanj dkSu&lk xq.k mRiUu djus dk lans'k ns jgk gS\
[k- ^Lockgq* dk D;k vFkZ gS\
x- euq”; dks fdldh lgk;rk lnSo miyC/k gS\
?k- euq"; dks ^veR;Z vad* dh izkfIr dSls laHko gS\
³ îjLijkoyac* dk laf/k&foPNsn dhft,A

d- Ckk/kkvksa dk lkeuk fdl izdkj djuk pkfg,\
[k- êuq";rk* dfork ds 'kh"kZd dh lkFkZdrk ij vius fopkj O;Dr dhft,A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 56

v'kqnf~ /k&'kks/ku
iz'u&1 okD; 'kq) dhft, %

d- jke cktkj xbZ ij mlus Qy ugha [kjhnhA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[k- gesa rqedks ogk¡¡ ns[kk FkkA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x- dy eSaus paMhx<+ tkuk gSA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?k- esagnh glu xkus dh dljr dj jgs gSaA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
³ Ekkyh lhaprk gS ikS/kksa dks ty lsA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
p- vius gkFkksa ls v/;kid us feBkb;k¡ nhsA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N- ,d xje di VekVj dk lwi ihrs tkvksA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
t- vkbZ-vkbZ-,e- esa nkf[kyk ikuk yksgs ds pus [kkus ds leku gSA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>- vke ds isM+ ij eSaus dbZ Qyksa ns[ksA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
´- Hksn jgL; Hkjk jkLrk rqEgsa dSls irk pyk\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
iz'u&2 fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa dks 'kqn~/k dhft,%&
d- eq>s olar _rq vPNk yxrk gSA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[k- og vijk/kh naM nsus ;ksX; gSA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x- rqe ;g iSaV Mky yksA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?k- usrkth ds xys esa ,d xsans dh ekyk gSA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
³ og Lo;a gh ;g dk;Z vius vki dj ysxkA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
p- rqEgkjs dku esa yVdrh cw¡ns vPNh gSaA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N- xehZ ds dkj.k yksx csgky n'kk esa gSaA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
t- eSaus viuk xzgdk;Z dj fy;k gSA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>- og izR;sd {ks=kksa esa ekfgj gSA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
´- ;gk¡ ‘'kqn~/k xk; dk nw/k feyrk gSA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
d{kk 10/ fganh / 58

V- ogk¡ Hkkjh&Hkjde HkhM+ tek gks xbZA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B- mUgksaus gkFk tksM+kA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
M- eSaus vkt ogk¡ tkuk gSA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<- rqeus ;g D;k fd;k fN%!
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.k- xq.koku L=kh lc txg iwth tkrh gSA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
iz'u&3 fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa dks 'kq) dhft,%&
d- foKku orZeku dk ;qx gS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[k- mudk cukjlokyk fe=k ,d i=k Hkstk gSA ---------------------------------------------------------------
x- rqEgkjh ckr eas lPpkbZ dksbZ ugha gSA -----------------------------------------------------------------------
?k- ukSdj lkgc dks lyke fd;kA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
³ ifjJe O;fDr lQy gksrs gSa ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
p- cPpksa us dgkuh lqurs&lqurs lks x,A ---------------------------------------------------------------------
N- eSa ikB i<+kA ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
t- rqe ;g fdrkc dgk¡ ls [kjhnsaA -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
>- bl ckj de la[;k esa fon~;kFkhZ ijh{kk fn,A ------------------------------------------------------------
´ eq>s xeZ xk; dk nw/k vPNk yxrk gSA --------------------------------------------------------------------
V- d'ehj esa vusdksa n'kZuh; LFky ns[kus ;ksX; gSaA --------------------------------------------------------
B- cPpksa dks cksyus dh lp vknr Mkyuh pkfg,A ---------------------------------------------------------
M- 'kgj esa chekjh cM+h QSyh gSA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<- og ijh{kk esa çFke LFkku ik;kA -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
.k- mlus vkt ?kj esa D;k djk\ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
r- rqe rqEgkjh iqLrd i<+ksA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fk- eSa [kkuk [kk fy;k gw¡A -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
n- eSaus ugkuk gSA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/k- iqfyl us Mkdqvksa dks ihNk fd;kA -------------------------------------------------------------------------
d{kk 10/ fganh / 60

rsjh del
jktdiwj us ,d vPNs vkSj lPps fe= dh gSfl;r ls 'kSysaæ dks fQYe dh vlQyrk ds [krjksa
ls vkxkg Hkh fd;kA ij og rks ,d vkn'kZoknh Hkkoqd dfo Fkk] ftls vikj laifÙk vkSj ;'k rd dh bruh
dkeuk ugha Fkh] ftruh vkRe larqf"V ds lq[k dh vfHkyk"kk rhljh dle fdruh gh egku fQYe D;ksa uk
jgh gks] ysfdu ;g ,d nq[kn lR; gS fd bls çnf'kZr djus ds fy, ceqf'dy forjd feys ckotwn blds
rhljh dle esa jktdiwj vkSj oghnk jgeku tSls uket+n flrkjs Fks 'kadj t;fd'ku dk laxhr Fkk]
ftudh yksdfç;rk mu fnuksa lkrosa vkleku ij Fkh vkSj blds xhr Hkh fQYe ds çn'kZu ds iwoZ gh csgn
yksdfç; gks pqds FksA ysfdu bl fQYe dks [kjhnus okyk dksbZ ugha FkkA njvly bl fQYe dh laosnuk
fdlh nks ls pkj cukus dk xf.kr tkuus okys dh le> ls ijs Fkh mlesa jph clh d:.kk rjktw ij rkSyh
tk ldus okyh pht ugha FkhA blhfy, ceqf'dy tc rhljh dle fjyht gqbZ rks mldk dksbZ izpkj ugha
gqvk fQYe dc vk, dc pyh xbZ ekywe gh ugha iM+kA
iz'u 1- ikB ,oa ys[kd dk uke fyf[k,A
iz'u 2- jktdiwj us ,d lPps fe=k ds ukrs rhljh dle ds fuekZrk 'kSysaæ dks fQYe ds vlQy
gksus ds çfr lpsr fd;k Fkk fQj Hkh 'kSysaæ us fQYe D;ksa cukbZ\
iz'u 3- rhljh dle fQYe dh foMacuk D;k Fkh\
iz'u 4- rhljh dle fQYe esa eq[; Hkwfedk esa dkSu&dkSu ls flrkjs Fks\
rhljh dle ;fn ,dek=k ugha rks pan mu fQYeksa esa ls gSa ftUgksaus lkfgR; jpuk ds lkFk
'kr&çfr'kr U;k; fd;k gksA 'kSysaæ us jktdiwj tSls LVkj dks ghjkeu cuk fn;k Fkk ghjkeu ij jktdiwj
gkoh ugha gks ldk vkSj NhaV dh lLrh lkM+h esa fyiVh ghjkckbZ us oghnk jgeku dh çfl) Åapkb;ksa dks
cgqr ihNs NksM+ fn;k FkkA dtjh unh ds fdukjs mdMq cSBdj ghjkeu tc xhr xkrs gq, ghjkckbZ ls iwNrk
gS êu le>rh gS uk vki* rc ghjkckbZ tqcku ls ugha vka[kksa ls cksyrh gSA nqfu;k Hkj ds 'kCn ml Hkk"kk
dks vfHkO;fDr ugha ns ldrsA ,slh gh lw{erkvksa ls Laifnr Fkh rhljh dleA
iz'u 1- ikB ,oa ys[kd dk uke fyf[k,A
iz'u 2- rhljh dle fQYe dh x.kuk fdu pan fQYeksa esa dh tk ldrh gS\
iz'u 3- rhljh dle us jktdiwj vkSj oghnk jgeku dks fdu Hkwfedkvksa esa çfrf"Br fd;k\
iz'ku 4- rhljh dle fQYe esa dSlh ckjhfd;ksa dk çn'kZu gqvk gS\
iz'u 5- rhljh dle fQYe esa dSlh ckjhfd;ksa dk çn'kZu gqvk gS\
d{kk 10/ fganh / 62

iz'u 6- jkt diwj dks ,f'k;k dk lcls cM+k 'kks eSu D;ksa dgk tkrk gS\
iz'u 7- dyk ikj[kh jktdiwj dks dSlk dykdkj ekurs Fks\
iz'u 8- *rhljh dle ds f'kYidkj 'kSysaæ* ikB dk ewy lans'k D;k gS\
iz'u 9- 'kSysaæ us ^rhljh dle* fQYe cukdj fganh fQYe baMLVªh dks D;k lans'k fn;k\
fuEufyf[kr xn~;ka'kksa dks /;kuiwoZd i<+dj fn, x, ç'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,%

flracj 1986 esa ,d lU;klh pkyhlxk¡o vk, FksA mudk O;fDrRo cgqr çHkko'kkyh FkkA muds
psgjs ij vn~Hkqr rst FkkA og 'k;ksdj 'kkL=kh ds ?kj x,A mUgsa ns[kdj 'kkL=kh th vokd~ jg x,A os ckS)
xqQkvksa esa cus fdlh ckS) fHk{kqd dh ltho çfrek yx jgs FksA lU;klh us dgk fd os ikV.ks eafnj esa jgdj
lk/kuk djuk pkgrs gSa 'kkL=kh th xn~xn gks mBsA ikV.ks xk¡o ls yxHkx rhu fdyksehVj nwj futZu ou
esa jgus dk fdlh esa lkgl ugha Fkk 'kkL=kh th mUgsa cæh dkdk uked ,d /keZçseh lTtu ds ikl ys x,A
mu nksuksa us lU;klh dks cgqr le>k;k rFkk ou ds fgald i'kqvksa ds Hk; Hkh fn[kk;k] ysfdu os u ekus
foo'k gksdj os mUgsa cSyxkM+h ls ikV.ks xk¡o ys x,A xk¡ooklh Hkh lU;klh ds fu'p; dks lqudj nax jg
x,A
'k;ksdj 'kkL=kh vkSj cæh dkdk mUgsa eafnj esa NksM+dj ykSVus yxs] rks mUgsa yxk fd os lU;klh dks
vafre ckj ns[k jgs gSaA lU;klh ml lqulku ou esa ckjg o"kZ riL;kjr jgsA muds çHkko ls pkjksa vksj
vk/;kfRed okrkoj.k cu x;kA xk¡o ds lh/ks&lkns yksx muls cgqr çHkkfor gq,A 'ksj] phrk] ck?k vkfn
ds chp fuHkhZd fopj.k djus okys ml lU;klh dk uke Fkk&Lokeh ç.kokuan ljLorhA
1- dkSu dc pkyhlxk¡o vk, Fks\

¼d½ v/;kid] 1967 esa
¼[k½ f'kdkjh] 1868 esa
¼x½ MkDVj] 1867 esa
¼?k½ lU;klh] 1968 esa
2- lU;klh fdlds ?kj x,\

¼d½ jkepaæ 'kkL=kh
¼[k½ jfo'kadj 'kkL=kh
¼x½ 'k;ksdj 'kkL=kh
¼?k½ jkefd'ku 'kkL=kh
d{kk 10/ fganh / 64

3- lU;klh us 'kkL=kh th ls D;k dgk\
¼d½ igkM+ ij tkdj riL;k djuk pkgrs gSa
¼[k½ ikV.ks eafnj esa jgdj lk/kuk djuk pkgrs gSa
¼d½ f'ko eafnj esa jgdj lk/kuk djuk pkgrs gSa
¼?k½ xk¡o esa guqeku eafnj cuokuk pkgrs gSa
4- 'kkL=kh th lU;klh dks fdl /keZçseh lTtu ds ikl ys x,\

¼d½ cæh ekek
¼[k½ cæh dkdk
¼x½ cæh QwQk
¼?k½ cæh nknk
5- 'kkL=kh vkSj cæh dkdk us lU;klh dks fdudk Hk; fn[kk;k\

¼d½ ryokj dk
¼[k½ cand
w dk
¼x½ fgald i'kqvksa dk
¼?k½ Mkdqvksa dk
vifBr xn~;ka'k
lkgl dh ft+anxh lcls cM+h ft+anxh gksrh gSA ,slh fta+nxh dh lcls cM+h igpku ;g gS fd ;g
fcYkdqy fuMj vkSj cs[kkSQ+ gksrh gSA lkglh euq"; dh igyh igpku ;g gS fd og bl ckr dh fpark ugha
djrk fd rek'kk ns[kus okys yksx mlds ckjs esa D;k lksp jgs gSaA tuer dh mis{kk djds thus okyk vkneh
nqfu;k dh vlyh rkdr gksrk gS vkSj euq";rk dks çdk'k Hkh mlh vkneh ls feyrk gSA vM+ksl&iM+ksl dks
ns[kdj pyuk] ;g lk/kkj.k tho dk dke gSA Økafr djus okys yksx vius mís'; dh rqyuk u rks iM+kslh
ds mís'; ls djrs gSa vkSj u viuh pky dks iM+kslh dh pky ns[kdj en~f/ke cukrs gSaA
lkglh euq"; mu liuksa esa Hkh jl ysrk gS] ftu liuksa dk dksbZ O;kogkfjd vFkZ ugha gS]
lkglh euq"; lius m/kkj ugha ysrk] og vius fopkjksa esa jek gqvk viuh gh fdrkc i<+rk gSA >qaM esa
pyuk vkSj >qaM esa pjuk] ;g HkSal vkSj HksM+ dk dke gSA flag rks fcYdqy vdsyk gksus ij Hkh exu
jgrk gSA
vukZYM csusV ,d txg fy[kk gS fd tks vkneh ;g eglwl djrk gS fd fdlh egku fu'p;
ds le; og lkgl ls dke ugha ys ldk] fta+nxh dh pqukSrh dks dcwy ugha dj ldk] og lq[kh ugha
gks ldrkA
1- lkgl dh fta+nxh dh lcls cM+h igpku D;k gS\
¼d½ og fu"iki o fuMj gksrh gS
¼[k½ og fu''kad rFkk fu"iki gksrh gS
¼x½ og fuekZe rFkk cs[kkSQ+ gksrh gS
¼?k½ og fuMj rFkk cs[kkSQ+ gksrh gS
2- ^tuer dh mis{kk* ls ys[kd dk D;k rkRi;Z gS\

¼d½ yksxksa dh jk; dh ijokg uk djuk
¼[k½ yksxksa ls oksV dh mEehn djuk
¼x½ yksxksa dh lgefr ls pyuk
¼?k½ yksxksa ds oksV dh mis{kk djuk
d{kk 10/ fganh / 66

3- nqfu;k dh okLrfod 'kfDr dkSu gksrk gS\
¼d½ yksxksa ds lkFk ysdj pyus okyk
¼[k½ yksxksa ds oksV ls thrk gqvk O;fDr
¼x½ fuMj] lkglh vkSj i{kikrh
¼?k½ yksxksa dh ijokg u djus okyk
4- >qaM esa pyuk vkSj pjuk fdldk dke gS\

¼d½ 'ksj vkSj ck?k
¼[k½ gkFkh vkSj HkSal
¼x½ HkSal vkSj isM+
¼?k½ HkSal vkSj xk;
5- mi;ZqDr xn~;ka'k ds fy, mi;qDr 'kh"kZd gksxk&

¼d½ deZohj
¼[k½ lkgl dh ft+anxh
¼x½ fta+nxh ds igyw
¼?k½ lq[kh O;fDr
UkoEacj
fcgkjh ¼nksg½s
¼d½ dgr] uVr] jh>r] f[k>r] feyr] f[kyr] yft;krA

Hkjs HkkSu esa dgr gSa uSuuq gha lc ckrAA
d- bl nksgs ds dfo dkSu gaS\
[k- yTtk fdls vkrh gS\
x- Ykksxksa ls Hkjs Hkou esa vk¡[kksa ds b'kkjkas ls dkSu ckrsa dj jgk gSs\
?k- izLrqr nksgs esa fdl vyadkj dk iz;ksx fd;k gS\
³ izLrqr nksgk fdl jl ls lacaf/kr gS\
p- xqLlk dkSu gksrk gS vkSj D;ksa\
¼[k½ crjl&ykyp yky dh eqjyh /kjh yqdkbA
lkSag djS HkkSaguq g¡lS] nSu dgSa ufV tkbAA
d- Xkksfi;ksa us Ñ".k th ls ckr djus ds fy, mudh dkSu&lh fiz; oLrq fNik yh gS\
[k- Xkksfi;k¡ eqjyh ls dkSu&lk Hkko j[krh gSa vkSj D;ksa\
x- Xkksfi;ksa dk HkkSgksa &HkkSgksa esa g¡luk D;k fln~/k djrk gS\
?k- Ykkyp&yky esa dkSu&lk vyadkj iz;qDr gqvk gS\
³ ^ckrphr dk vkuan* dkSu ysuk pkgrk gS vkSj D;ksa\
d- fcgkjh ds nksgksa ds vk/kkj ij JhÑ".k dh fdUgha rhu fo'ks"krkvksa dk o.kZu dhft,A
[k- fcgkjh izHkq&izkfIr ds fy, D;k vko';d vkSj D;k vuko';d ekurs gSa\
d{kk 10/ fganh / 68

vkRe=kk.k ¼johanu
z kFk Bkdqj½
¼d½ nq[k jkf=k esa djs oapuk

esjh ftl fnu fuf[ky egh
ml fnu ,slk gks d:.kke;
rqe ij d:¡ ughasa dqN la'k;A
d- d#.kke; fdls dgk x;k gS\
[k- ^vkRe=kk.k* dfork dh jpuk fdlus dh gS\
x- êgh* ‘'kCn ds nks i;kZ;okph gSa%
?k- ^rqe ij d:¡ ughas dqN la'k;* dk D;k vk'k; gS\
³ ôapuk* ‘'kCn dk D;k vFkZ gS\
¼[k½ foinkvksa ls eq>s cpkvks] ;g esjh izkFkZuk ugha

dsoy bruk gks( d#.kke;
dHkh u foink esa ik¡Å Hk;A
nq%[k&rki ls O;fFkr fpÙk dks u nks lkaRouk ugha lgh
ij bruk gksos( d#.kke;
nq[k dks eSa dj ldw¡ lnk t;A
dksbZ dgha lgk;d u feys
rks viuk cy ikS#"k u fgys]
gkfu mBkuh iM+s txr~ esa ykHk vxj oapuk jgh
rks Hkh eu esa uk ekuw¡ {k;AA
d- dfo us bZ'oj dks D;k dgdj lacksf/kr fd;k gS%
[k- dfo dh izkFkZuk lkekU; yksxksa dh izkFkZuk ls fdl izdkj fHkUu gS\
x- dfo bZ'oj ls D;k izkFkZuk dj jgs gSa\
?k- Ykksxksa n~okjk /kks[kk fn, tkus ij dfo D;k djuk pkgrk gS\
³ ^nq[k* vkSj ^t;* dk Ik;kZ;okph fyf[k,A
d- gesa ladVksa dk lkeuk fdl izdkj djuk pkfg,\
[k- ^vkRe=kk.k* dfork dk izfrikn~; fyf[k,A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 70

vc dgk¡ nwljksa ds nq[k ls nq[kh gksus okys ¼funk Q+kt+yh½
iz'u&1 xn~;ka'kksa dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa ds mfpr mRrj nhft,%
¼d½ Xokfy;j esa gekjk ,d edku Fkk] ml edku ds nkyku esa nks jkss'kunku FksA mlesa dcwrj ds
,d tksM+s us ?kksalyk cuk fy;k FkkA ,d ckj fcYyh us mpddj nks esa ls ,d vaMk rksM+ fn;kA esjh ek¡ us
ns[kk rks mls nq[k gqvkA mlus LVwy ij p<+dj nwljs vaMs dks cpkus dh dksf'k'k dh ysfdu bl dksf'k'k
esa nwljk vaMk mlh ds gkFk ls fxjdj VwV x;kA dcwrj ijs'kkuh esa b/kj&m/kj QM+QM+k jgs FksA mudh
vk¡[kksa esa nq[k ns[kdj esjh ek¡ dh vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw vk x,A bl xqukg dks [kq+nk ls ekQ djus ds fy, mlus
iwjk fnu jkst+k j[kkA fnuHkj dqN [kk;k&fi;k ughaA flQZ+ jksrh jgh vkSj ckj&ckj uekt+ i<+&i<+dj [kq+nk
ls bl xyrh dks eqvkQ+ djus dh nqvk ek¡xrh jghaaA
d- ys[kd dk ?kj dgk¡ Fkk\ mlds ?kj esa dkSu&lh ?kVuk ?kVh\
[k- ys[kd dh ek¡ ds nq[k dk D;k dkj.k Fkk\
x- ek¡ us vius xqukg dks [k+qnk ls ekQ+ djkus ds fy, D;k fd;k\
¼[k½ nqfu;k dSls otw+n esa vkbZ\ igys D;k Fkh\ fdl fcanq ls fdldh ;k=kk 'kq# gqbZ\ bu iz'uksa ds
mRrj foKku viuh rjg ls nsrk gS] /kkfeZd xzaFk viuh&viuh rjg lsA lalkj dh jpuk Hkys gh dSls gqbZ
gks ysfdu /kjrh fdlh ,d dh ugha gSA iaNh] ekuo] i'kq] unh] ioZr] leanj vkfn dh blesa cjkcj dh
fgLlsnkjh gSA ;g vkSj ckr gS fd bl fgLlsnkjh esa ekuo tkfr us viuh cqn~f/k ls cM+h&cM+h nhokjsa [kM+h
dj nh gSA igys iwjk lalkj ,d ifjokj dh rjg Fkk vc VqdM+ksa esa c¡Vdj ,d nwljs ls nwj gks x;k gSA
igys cM+s&cM+s nkykuksa&vk¡xuksa esa lc fey&tqydj jgrs Fks vc NksVs&NksVs fMCcs tSls ?kjksa esa thou
fleVus yxk gSA
d- ikB vkSj ys[kd dk uke fyf[k,A
[k- /kjrh ij fdldk vf/kdkj gS\
x- Laklkj igys dSlk Fkk\ vc mlesa D;k ifjorZu vk pqdk gS\
?k- Yks[kd bl xn~;ka'k esa D;k lans'k nsuk pkgrk gS\
d- Ukwg dkSu Fks\ os thou Hkj D;ksa jksrs jgs\
[k- ys[kd dh ek¡ ds LoHkko ij izdk'k Mkfy,A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 72

liuksa ds&ls fnu ¼xq#n;ky flag½
iz'u&1 fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa ds mRrj nhft,%&
d- mu fnuksa cPpksa dks Ldwy Hkstus ds fo"k; esa ekrk&firk dh D;k /kkj.kk gksrh Fkh\
[k- ys[kd vkSj mlds lkfFk;ksa dks i<+kbZ dh vis{kk lLrk lkSnk D;k yxrk Fkk\
x- Ikh-Vh- lj ds fdl O;ogkj dks ys[kd us peRdkj dgk gS\
?k- gsMekLVj vkSj ihVh lj ds Øks/k ds <ax esa D;k varj fn[kkbZ nsrk gS\
fnlEcj
ir>j esa VwVh ifRr;k¡ ¼johanz dsyd
s j½
¼1½ fxUuh dk lksuk
¼d½ O;ogkjoknh yksx ges'kk ltx jgrs gSaA ykHk&gkfu dk fglkc yxkdj gh dne mBkrs gSaA os
thou esa lQy gksrs gSa] vU;ksa ls vkxs Hkh tkrs gSaA ij D;k os Åij p<+rs gSa\ [kqn Åij p<+s vkSj vius
lkFk nwljksa dks Hkh Åij ys pysa] ;gh egRRo dh ckr gSA ;g dke rks ges'kk vkn'kZoknh yksxksa us gh fd;k
gSA lekt ds ikl vxj 'kk'or ewY;ksa tSlk dqN gS rks og vkn'kZoknh yksxksa dk gh fn;k gqvk gSA
O;ogkjoknh yksxksa us rks lekt dks fxjk;k gh gSA
d- ikB vkSj ys[kd dk uke fy[kksA
[k- O;ogkjoknh yksxksa ds LoHkko dh fo'ks"krk,¡ fy[kksA
x- dkSu&lk dke dsoy vkn'kZoknh yksx gh dj ikrs gSa\
?k- lekt dks vkn'kZoknh yksxksa us D;k fn;k gS\
¼[k½ pan yksx dgrs gSa] xka/khth ^îzSfDVdy vkbfM;fyLV* FksA O;kogkfjdrk dks igpkurs FksA mldh
dher tkurs FksA blhfy, os vius foy{k.k vkn'kZ pyk ldsA ojuk gok esa gh mM+rs jgrsA ns'k muds ihNs
u tkrkA gk¡] ij xk¡/khth dHkh vkn'kks± dks O;kogkfjdrk ds Lrj ij mrjus ugha nsrs FksA cfYd O;kogkfjdrk
dks vkn'kks± ds Lrj ij p<+krs FksA os lksus esa rk¡ck ugha cfYd rk¡cs esa lksuk feykdj mldh dher c<+krs
FksA blfy, lksuk gh ges'kk vkxs vkrk jgrk FkkA
d- îzSfDVdy vkbfM;kfyLV* fdls dgrs gSa\
d{kk 10/ fganh / 74

[k- xk¡/kh th vkn'kZ ,oa O;kogkfjdrk dk leUo; fdl izdkj djrs Fks\
x- 'kq) vkn'kZ dh rqyuk lksus ls vkSj O;kogkfjdrk dh rqyuk rk¡cs ls D;ksa dh xbZ gS\
d- vkn'kZoknh fdls dgk tkrk gS\ vkn'kZokn dk D;k ykHk gS\
[k- Xkak/kh th vkn'kZoknh Fks ;k O;ogkjoknh& rdZ lfgr mRrj nhft,A
¼2½ >su dh nsu
iz'u&1 xn~;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa ds mfpr mRrj nhft,%&
¼d½ vDlj ge ;k rks xqtjs gq, fnuksa dh [kV~VhµehBh ;knksa essa my>s jgrs gSa ;k Hkfo"; ds jaxhu
lius ns[krs jgrs gSA ge ;k rks Hkwrdky essa jgrs gSa ;k Hkfo"; esasA vly esa nksuksa dky feF;k gSaA ,d pyk
x;k gS] nwljk vk;k gh ugha gSA gekjs lkeus tks orZeku {k.k gS] ogh lR; gSA mlh esa thUkk pkfg,A pk;
ihrsµihrs ml fnu esjs fnekx ls Hkwr vkSj Hkfo"; nksuksa dky mM+ x, FksA orZeku {k.k lkeus Fkk vkSj og
vuardky ftruk foLr`r FkkA
d- vDlj ge yksx fdlesa my>s jgrs gSa\
[k- lR; D;k gS\ Li"V dhft,A
x- vuardky ftruk foLr`r D;k Fkk\ Li"V dhft,A
?k- Xkn~;ka'k esa ls n~oan~o lekl dk ,d mnkgj.k Nk¡fV,A
d- ^>su dh nsu* ikB dk lans'k Li"V dhft,A
[k- euks#X.krk dk ewy dkj.k D;k gksrk gS\
d{kk 10/ fganh / 76

vifBr xn~;ka'k
Nk=kksa dh rhu Jsf.k;k¡ gksrh gSa& i<+us okys] u i<+us okys vkSJ i<+us tSlk fn[kus okysA rhljh
Js.kh ds Nk=k] tks fd fdrkcksa esa oDr cckZn u djus ds ukrs u, t+ekus ds fygkt+ ls cgqr O;kogkfjd
gksrs gSa] 'kk;n ckn esa buesa lcls lQy Hkh fl) gksrs gSaA os tkurs gSa fd i<+kbZ dk flQZ uke t+:jh gS]
dke rks nwljh phtksa ls gh udyrk gS vkSj os bUgha nwljh phtk+sa ds ekLVj cu tkrs gSaA os gj leL;k dk
'kkVZdV ls bykt djus esa ekfgj gksrs gSaA eksckby] daI;wVj vkSj baVjusV ds ;qx esa Hkh mudh izfrHkk mlh
vankt esa dqlqfer vkSj iYyfor gks jgh gS] D;ksafd daI;wVj ij rks oSls gh 'kkWVZdV ds bLrseky ls rst dke
gksrk gSA
daI;wVj vkSj baVjusV ds ;qx esa 'kS{kf.kd 'kks/k ds rkSj& rjhds [kqn ,d cM+s 'kks/k ds fo"k; cu x,
gSaA dksbZ Hkh fo'ofon~;ky; dSls ml 'kks/k ij xoZ dj ldrk gS] tks okLro esa baVjusV ls pksjh fd, x,
gSaA tSls&tSls baVjusV dk foLrkj gqvk gS vkSj ml ij ekStwn vFkkg Kkudks'k fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dh igq¡p esa vk;k
gS] dV&,aM&isLV 'kks/kdk;Z vke gks x, gSaA 'kks/k gh ugha] izkFkfed ls ysdj Lukrd vkSj LukrdksRrj
d{kkvksa ds izkstsDV vkSj ,lkbuesaV ds fy, baVjusV dk va/kk/kq/k iz;ksx gks jgk gSA fdlh Hkh lzksr ls feyh
lkexzh dk lanHkZ ds :I esa bLrseky djuk xyr ugha gS] ysfdu dbZ&dbZ iSjkxzkQ vkSj v/;k; mM+kdj
bLrseky dj ysuk ckSn~f/kd pksjh dh Js.kh esa vkrk gSA ;g vuSfrd rks gS gh] vijk/k Hkh gS vkSj vius
laLFkku ,oa Lo;a vius lkFk ukbalkQ+h HkhA
1- ys[kd us Nk=kksa dks fdruh Jsf.k;ksa esa ck¡Vk gS\

¼d½ nks
¼[k½ rhu
¼x½ pkj
¼?k½ ik¡p
2- baVjusV dk iz;ksx fdl dk;Z ds fy, gks jgk gS\

¼d½ 'kks/kdk;Z ds fy,
¼[k½ 'kks/kdk;Z o ,lkbuesaV ds fy,
¼x½ ,lkbuesaV ds fy,
¼?k½ f'k{k.k ds fy,
3- fdl Js.kh ds Nk=kksa dks lQyrk izkIr gksrh gS\

¼d½ i<+us okys
¼[k½ ijh{kk ds fnuksa esa fnu&jkr ,d djus okys
¼x½ i<+us&tSlk fn[kus okys
¼?k½ udy djus okys
4- dSls 'kks/k ij fo'ofon~;ky; dks xoZ gks ldrk gS\

¼d½ tks baVjusV ls fy;k x;k gks
¼[k½ tks iqjkus Nk=k ls dkWih fd;k x;k gks
¼x½ tks fdlh dh enn ls rS;kj fd;k gks
¼?k½ tks Lo;a rS;kj fd;k x;k gks
5- xn~;ka'k ds fy, mi;qDr 'kh"kZd gksxk&

¼d½ baVjusV pksjh% ,d vijk/k
¼[k½ 'kks/kdk;Z djus ds rjhds
¼x½ Nk=kksa dh Jsf.k;k¡
¼?k½ daI;wVj vkSj baVjusV dk ;qx
d{kk 10/ fganh / 78

Tkuojh
dj pys ge fQ+nk ¼dSQh+ vkt+eh½
iz'u&1 dkO;ka'k esa iwNs x, iz'uksa ds mfpr fodYi pqudj fyf[k,%
¼d½ rqe ltkrs gh jguk u, dkfQysA

Qrg dk t'u bl t'u ds ckn gS
ft+Unxh ekSr ls fey jgh gS xysA
d- dfo vkSj dfork dk uke gS&
[k- êkSr* dk foykse 'kCn mi;qZDr iafDr;ksa esa ls Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,A
x- ^dkfQ+ys* ls dfo dk D;k rkRi;Z gS\
?k- Qrg dk t'u dc euk;k tkrk gS\
³ ^ftanxh ekSr ls fey jgh gS xys* dk D;k vk'k; gS\

d- ^dj pys ge fQ+nk* xhr n~okjk gesa D;k izsj.kk feyrh gS\
[k- lSfudksa dh ns'k&okfl;ksa ls D;k vis{kk,¡ gksrh gSa\
dkjrwl ¼gchc ruohj½
¼d½ mlds vQ+lkus lquds jkWfcugqM ds dkjukes ;kn vk tkrs gSaA vaxzstksa ds f[kykQ+ mlds fny
esa fdl d+nj uQ+jr gSA dksbZ ik¡p eghus gqd+wer dh gksxhA exj bl ik¡p eghus esa oks vo/k ds njckj
dks vaxzsth vlj ls fcydqy ikd dj nsus esa rd+jhcu dke;kc gks x;k FkkA
d- fdlds vQ+lkus lqu dj fdls jkWfcu gqM ds dkjukes ;kn vk tkrs gSa vkSj D;ksa\
[k- ot+hj vyh us fdrus eghus gqdwer dh\ blds ihNs mudk mís'; D;k Fkk\
x- vFkZ fy[ksa % f[kykQ+] gqdwer] ikd] dke;kc
¼[k½ fdLlk D;k gqvk Fkk mldks mlds in ls gVk nsus ds ckn geus ot+hj vyh dks cukjl
igq¡pk fn;k vkSj rhu yk[k #i;k lkykuk ot+hQk eqdjZj dj fn;kA dqN eghus ckn xouZj tujy us mls
dydRrk ryc fd;kA ot+hj vyh daiuh ds odhy ds ikl x;k tks cukjl esa jgrk Fkk vkSj mlls
f'kdk;r dh fd xouZj tujy mls dydRrk esa D;ksa ryc djrk gSA odhy us f'kdk;r dh ijokg ugha
dh myVk mls Hkyk&cqjk lquk fn;kA ot+hj vyh ds rks fny esa ;w¡ Hkh vaxzstksa ds f[kykQ+ uQ+jr
dwV&dwVdj Hkjh gS mlus [katj ls odhy dk dke reke dj fn;kA
d- mi;ZqDr iafDr;k¡ dkSu fdlls dg jgk gS\
[k- ot+hj vyh dks dydRRkk fdlus cqyk;k vkSj D;ksa\
x- mlus odhy dks D;ksa ekj Mkyk\
d{kk 10/ fganh / 80


d- duZy us ot+hj vyh dks gVkdj lvknr vyh dks xn~nh ij D;ksa fcBk;k\
[k- ot+hj vyh dh pkfjf=kd fo'ks"krkvksa ij izdk'k Mkfy,A
vifBr xn~;ka'k
lR; gekjh dYiuk ls x<+h xbZ dFkkvksa ls dgha vf/kd fofp=k vkSj foLe;dkjh gksrk gS] bl mfDr
dk ;g vkneh pyrk&fQjrk n`"Vkar gSA eSa tc Hkh uSuhrky tkrk gw¡] buls t+:j feyrk gw¡A vthc&lk
lqdwu feyrk gS] eq>s buds ikl cSBdjA fdrus ljy&fu"diV] fdrus fouksnh vkSj ft+nkfny! dkSu
dgsxk] bl O;fDr us ,slh eekZrd ihM+k,¡ >syh gSa! Ekq>s esjs HkkbZ us crk;k Fkk] tks fiNys iphl cjl ls
budk lg;ksxh gSA ,d gh Ldwy esa i<+krs gSa] nksuksaA tUe nsus okyh ek¡ gh ftlds izfr bruh fu"Bqj jgh
gks&vfo'oluh;rk dh gn rd&mlds nq[k dh dgha dksbZ Fkkg feysxh\ bl nq[k dks ipk pqdkus ds ckn
fQj ,slk dkSu&lk nq[k cprk gS] tks vkidks rksM+ ldsA
ek¡ dh eerk ls oafpr ¼ekr`ghu ckyd dh oapuk ls Hkh dgha vf/kd rksM+us okyh osnuk½] iRuh dh
lgkuqHkwfr ls Hkh oafpr] lekt esa Hkh viuh ;ksX;rk vkSj vftZr lkeF;Z ls uhps] cgqr uhps ds Lrj ij
iwjh ft+anxh xqt+kj nsus dks vfHk'kIr ;g O;fDr vkf[kj fdl ikrky&lzksr ls viuh ftthfo"kk vkSj ekufld
larqyu [khap ikrk gksxkA vPNs&[kkls ;wfuoflZVh ds izksQsljksa dks ytk ns] ,slk bYe vkSj rst+ fnekx gS
bl Ldwy ekLVj dk] ij ml vlkekU; fnekx dk ifjp; vius&vki ugha feysxkA cgqr mdlk, dksbZ]
rHkh feysxkA ugha] vius bYe ds izn'kZu esa jRrh Hkh #fp ughaA vius t+ekus esa gkWdh ds csgrjhu f[kykM+h
jg pqds os] vkt Hkh mlh ;qodksfpr mRlkg ds lkFk ?kaVksa eSp ns[krs gSa& iwjs rknkRE; vkSj îS'ku* ds lkFkA
1- lR; dYiuk ls vf/kd fofp=k gksrk gS] bldk cks/k ys[kd dks dc gqvk\
¼d½ uSuhrky ?kwedj
¼[k½ vius v/;kid ls feydj
¼x½ vius HkkbZ ds lg;ksxh ls feydj
¼?k½ vius HkkbZ ls feydj
2- ekLVj th ds Kku dk ifjp; ugha fey ikrk Fkk] D;ksafd mUgsa&

¼d½ dksbZ tkudkjh ugha Fkh
¼[k½ blds izn'kZu esa #fp ugha Fkh
¼x½ vius HkkbZ ds lg;ksxh ls feydj
¼?k½ vius HkkbZ ls feydj
d{kk 10/ fganh / 82

3- ekLVj th dh ft+anxh dk lcls cM+k nq[k Fkk&

¼d½ os xjhc Fks
¼[k½ mudh ek¡ fu"Bqj Fkha
¼x½ yksx mudk et+kd cukrs Fks
¼?k½ muds firk ugha Fks
4- ekLVj th ds O;fDrRo dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk gS&

¼d½ ekufld larqyu
¼[k½ ftthfo"kk ls Hkjiwj gksuk
¼x½ Kku dk HkaMkj
¼?k½ mijksDr lHkh
5- ^ftthfo"kk* 'kCn ls vk'k; gS&

¼d½ thfor izk.kh
¼[k½ e`R;q pkgus okyk
¼x½ thus dh bPNk j[kus okyk
¼?k½ nwljksa dks thounku nsuk
vifBr xn~;ka'k
Kku rHkh mi;ksxh gksrk gS] tcfd ge mldk ç;ksx ifjfLFkfr] dky vkSj LFkku ds vuqlkj djrs
gSaA Kku ds fl)kar rks gekjs laLdkjksa dk] lkspus dh ç.kkyh dk vax cu tkrs gSa] ijarq og dHkh&dHkh
thou esa Bhd ls ç;ksx ugha fd, tkrsA ^lnk lR; cksyks* ^cM+ksa dk dguk ekuks*] ^dHkh Øks/k u djks* tSls
fl)kar dc] dgk¡ vkSj dSls iz;qDr fd, tkus pkfg,] ;g ,d leL;k jgrh gSA fdlh dh tku cpkus ds
fy, >wB cksyuk lR; ls vf/kd mi;ksxh gks ldrk gSA vU;k;iw.kZ vkKk dk fojks/k] vkKkikyu ls Js"B
dgyk ldrk gS vkSj nqjkpkjh ij Øks/k djuk vkSj mls naM nsuk eaxydkjh gks ldrk gSA bl çdkj
ifjfLFkfr] dky vkSj LFkku ds vuqlkj Kku dk ç;ksx dj ldus dh {kerk egRoiw.kZ gSA gekjs ns'k esa
O;fDr ds fodkl dks lkekftd fodkl ls bl çdkj tksM+k x;k gS fd nksuksa dks vyx&vyx djds ns[kk
gh ugha tk ldrkA thou esa Kku vkSj fØ;k dk leUo; gh lQy thou dk vk/kkj gSA Kku dks
ifjfLFkfr] dky vkSj LFkku ds vuq:i <kyus dk vFkZ gh ;g gS fd ge /;ku dks lekt ls tksM+dj ns[krs
jgs gSaA deZ jfgr thou Kku ds gksrs gq, Hkh csdkj gSA fl)kar HksfM+;k¡ cu tkrs gSaA ;fn mudk iz;ksx
thou esa u fd;k tk,A
1- fdl fLFkfr esa Kku mi;ksxh ugha gS\

¼d½ mldk ç;ksx ;fn ifjfLFkfr ds vuqlkj u fd;k tk,
¼[k½ mldk ç;ksx ;fn ik=kksa ds vuqlkj u fd;k tk,
¼x½ mldk ç;ksx ;fn LFkku ds vuqlkj u fd;k tk,
¼?k½ mldk ç;ksx ;fn dky ds vuqlkj u fd;k tk,
2- fdlh dh tku cpkus ds fy, cksyk x;k >wB&

¼d½ lR; gh gksrk gS
¼[k½ lR; ds led{k ugha gks ldrk
¼x½ lR; ls vf/kd mi;ksxh gks ldrk gS
¼?k½ >wB gh jgrk gS
d{kk 10/ fganh / 84

3- fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lh ckr dY;k.kdkjh rFkk Js"B ugha gS\

¼d½ vU;k;iw.kZ vkKk dk fojks/k djuk
¼[k½ nqjkpkjh ij Øks/k djuk vkSj mls naM nsuk
¼x½ fdlh Hkh rjhds ls /ku dekuk
¼?k½ fdlh dh tku cpkus ds fy, cksyk x;k >wB
4- lQy thou dk vk/kkj gS&

¼d½ Kku dk vuqlj.k djuk
¼[k½ fujarj deZ djrs jguk
¼x½ Kku vkSj fØ;k dk leUo;
¼?k½ Kku ds vHkko esa Hkh deZjr jguk
5- Kku dks dky vkSj LFkku ds vuq:i <kyus dk vFkZ gS fd&

¼d½ ge Kku ds ekxZ ij py jgs gSa
¼[k½ geus Kku dk ekxZ NksM+ fn;k gS
¼x½ ge Kku dks lekt ds lkFk tksM+dj ns[k jgs gSa
¼?k½ ge Kku dks lekt ls dkVdj ns[k jgs gSa
Qjojh
Vksih 'kqDyk ¼jkgh eklwe jt+k½

d- Yks[kd us ;g D;ksa dgk fd 'kqDyk ds ?kj esa chloh lnh izos'k dj pqdh Fkh\
[k- 'kqDyk dk lkjk ifjokj Vksih vkSj b¶Qu dh nksLrh ij ukjkt+ D;ksa gqvk\
x- Li"V dhft, fd fe=krk dks et+gc dh nhokjksa esa dSn ugha fd;k tk ldrk\
vifBr xn~;ka'k
iz'u&1 fuEufyf[kr xn~;ka'k esa iwNs x, iz'uksa ds mfpr fodYi pqudj fyf[k,%&
LoLFk eu dk fuokl LoLFk 'kjhj esa gksrk gSA 'kjhj vLoLFk gksus ij ge ckSfn~/kd dk;Z Hkh ugha
dj ikrs gSaA lkeus lqLoknq O;atu ns[kdj dkSu mudk lsou ugha djuk pkgrk gS\ ?kj esa leLr lqfo/kk,¡
gksus ij ftUgsa vfr ijgst dk Hkkstu djuk iM+rk gS] os gh tkurs gSa fd%
ldy inkjFk gSa tx ekghaA
deZghu uj ikor ukghaAA
Jeghu 'kjhj dh n'kk tax yxh gqbZ pkch dh rjg vFkok vU; fdlh mi;ksxh oLrq dh rjg
fuf"Ø; gks tkrh gSA 'kkjhfjd Je oLrqr% thou dk vk/kkj gS] thoarrk dh igpku gSA ;ksxkH;kl esa rks
igyh f'k{kk gksrh gS vklu vkfn ds :i esa 'kjhj dks Je’'khyrk dk vH;Lr cukukA
egkRek xka/kh viuk dke vius gkFk ls djus ij cy nsrs FksA og izR;sd vkJe oklh ls vk'kk
djrs Fks fd og vius 'kjhj ls lacaf/kr izR;sd dk;Z] lQkbZ rd Lo;a djsxkA mudk dguk Fkk fd tks Je
d{kk 10/ fganh / 86

ugha djrk gS] og iki djrk gS vkSj iki dk vUu [kkrk gSA _f"k&eqfu;ksa us dgk gS&fcuk Je fd,
tks Hkkstu djrk gS] og oLrqr% pksj gSA
Je dh voKk ds ifj.kke dk lcls ToyUr mnkgj.k gS] gekjs ns'k esa O;kIr f'kf{kr oxZ dh
csdkjhA gekjk f'kf{kr ;qok oxZ 'kkjhfjd Jeijd dk;Z djus ls ijgst djrk gS og ;g ugha lksprk gS fd
'kkjhfjd Je ifj.kker% fdruk lq[knk;h gksrk gSA ilhus ls flafpr o`{k esa yxus okyk Qy fdruk] e/kqj
gksrk gSA ^fnu vLr vkSj et+nwj eLr* bldk Hksn tkuus okys egkRek bZlk elhg us vius vuq;kf;;ksa dks
;g ijke'kZ fn;k Fkk fd rqe dsoy ilhus dh dekbZ [kkvksxsA ilhuk Vidkus ds ckn eu dks larks"k vkSj
ru dks lq[k feyrk gS] Hkw[k Hkh yxrh gS vkSj pSu dh uhan Hkh vkrh gSA
d- LoLFk eu dk fuokl LoLFk 'kjhj esa gksrk gS& ,slk ys[kd us D;ksa dgk gS\
[k- Jeghu 'kjhj dh n'kk dSlh gks tkrh gS\
x- egkRek xka/kh dk D;k ekuuk Fkk\
?k- f'kf{kr oxZ dh csdkjh dk D;k dkj.k gS\
³ egkRek bZlk elhg us vius vuq;kf;;ksa dks D;k ijke'kZ fn;k Fkk\
p- mi;qZDr xn~;ka'k dk mi;qDr 'kh"kZd fyf[k,A
vifBr xn~;ka'k
d{kk 10/ fganh / 88

N- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ls izR;; vyx djds fyf[k, & (i) thoarrk (ii) fodflr
t- gekjs _f"k&eqfu;ksa us D;k dgk gS\
d{kk 10/ fganh / 90

iz'u&1 fuEufyf[kr xn~;ka'k esa iwNs x, iz'uksa ds mfpr mRrj fyf[k,%&
gesa ;g ugha Hkwyuk pkfg, fd gksyh eqfDr vkSj eLrh dk R;kSgkj gSA lkFk gh ;g Hkh Lej.k
j[kuk pkfg, fd e;kZfnr eqfDr vkSj eLrh dh ft+anxh ds fy, lathouh dk dk;Z djrh gSA dqaBkvksa vkSj
ekufld egkefj;ksa dh vpwd vkS"kf/k ck¡Vus vkrh gS gksyh] ftldk çdV :i <ksyd dh xed] Qkx ds
jkx vkSj jaxksa dh ckSNkjksa esa ns[kus dks feyrk gSA oSls rks jax dh ,d lhfer {kerk gksrh gSA og olu dks
dqN vf/kd le; rd vkSj ru dks FkksM+s le; rd jaxhu cukdj j[k ldrk gSA ysfdu tc bl jax ds
lkFk eu dk jax fey tkrk gS] rc og olu vkSj ru dks Hksndj lh/ks eu dks jax Mkyrk gS vkSj og jax
[kqyrk gS rks gS gh ugha ysfdu Qhdk rd ugha iM+rk eu dh rjax dk uke gS I;kjA dgk tkrk gS fd I;kj
dks lqanjrk dh ryk'k jgrh gSA laqnjrk fueZyrk dk gh nwljk uke gSA ;g bl ckr dk Hkh çrhd gS fd
bZ'oj ij fo'okl j[kus okys dk vklqjh 'kfDr;k¡ dksbZ vfgr ugha dj ldrhA ;g ioZ çg~ykn fgj.;d';i
vkSj gksfydk dh ikSjkf.kd dFkk dh ;kn djkrk gSA jaxksa ls /kjrh ls vkdk'k rd dks Hkjdj pkjksa vksj g¡lh
&etkd] ekSt&eLrh] mYykl ds lkFk&lkFk iqjkuh 'k=kqrk] vkilh HksnHkko dks Hkqykdj lejlrk lekurk
LFkkfir djus dk vuks[kk ioZ gS gksyhA
d- gksyh dSlk R;kSgkj gS\
[k- jaxksa dh lhfer {kerk dk D;k vFkZ gS\
x- ru dk jax eu ds jax ls fdl çdkj fHkUu gS\
?k- gksyh fdl çdkj lathouh dk dk;Z djrh gS\
³ gksyh dk ioZ fdl ikSjkf.kd dFkk ls tqM+k gS\
p- xn~;k'ak dk mfpr 'kh"kZd nhft,A
[kaM 3 % jpuk [kaM
Ik=k & ys[ku
1- csfld f'k{kk vf/kdkjh dks izkbejh f'k{kd ds in ds fy, vkosnu&i=k i=k fyf[k,A
2- vius fon~;ky; esa ihus ds ikuh dh leqfpr O;oLFkk gsrq iz/kkukpk;kZ dks i=k fyf[k,A
3- xzh"ekodk'k esa varlZnu fØdsV eSp izfr;ksfxrk dk vk;kstu djus dh vuqefr ek¡xrs gq,
iz/kkukpk;kZ dks i=k fy[ksaA
4- iz/kkukpk;kZ dks fon~;ky; esa dfo lEesyu ds vk;kstu gsrq fuosnu i=k fyf[k,A
5- vkt ds ;qx esa fganh dh mi;ksfxrk crkrs gq, rFkk uoha d{kk esa fganh fo"k; ds p;u dk
dkj.k crkrs gq, fons'k esa jgus okys fe=k fyf[k,A
6- [ksy&fnol ij iwoZ fØdsV f[kykM+h dfiynso dks lEekfur vfrfFk ds #i esa cqykus dh izkFkZuk
djrs gq, çk/kkukpk;kZ dks i=k fyf[k,A
7- 'kSf{kd l=k 2014&15 izkjaHk gks pqdk gS] fdarq ckt+kj esa ubZ ikB~;&iqLrdsa miyC/k ugha gSA bl
leL;k dks mBkrs gq, fdlh nSfud i=k ds laiknd dks i=k fyf[k,A
8- lekpkj&i=k ds laiknd ds uke i=k fy[kdj vius {ks=k esa py jgh fctyh dh dVkSrh esa
lq/kkj ds fy, vf/kdkfj;ksa dk /;ku vkÑ"V dhft,A
9- Nk=kkokl esa jgrs gq, vkils vatkus esa dksbZ Hkwy gks xbZ gSA iz/kkukpk;kZ dks i=k fy[kdj mls
Lohdkj dhft, vkSj Hkfo"; esa ,slk u djus dk vk'oklu nhft,A
10- vius {ks=k esa xanxh ,oa chekjh QSyus dh lwpuk nsrs gq, LokLF; vf/kdkjh dks i=k fyf[k,A
vuqPNsn&ys[ku
1- n;k /keZ dk ewy gS& ¼d½ dgkor dk vFkZ] ¼[k½ n;k vkSj d#.kk dh Hkkouk dk Lo#i] ¼x½
n;k dh Hkkouk dh vko’;drk] ¼?k½ n;k fn[kkus okkys dqN mnkgj.kA
2- vuq'kklu dk egRRo& ¼d½ vuq'kklu lQyrk dh dqath] ¼[k½ izÑfr esa vuq'kklu] ¼x½ lekt
vkSj jk"Vª esa vuq'kklu ¼?k½ milagkjA
3- izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk egRRo& ¼d½ izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk c<+rk izpyu] ¼[k½ izfr;ksfxrkvksa dh ykHk]
¼x½ gkfu;k¡] ¼?k½ izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk mfpr ekinaM] ¼³½ milagkjA
4- LokLF; vkSj O;k;ke& ¼d½ LoLFk eu vkSj 'kjhj ds fy, O;k;ke] ¼[k½ LoLFk jgus ds mik;
&lk/ku&ykHk] ¼x½ /;ku j[kus ;ksX; ckrsaA
d{kk 10/ fganh / 92

5- Xykscy okfe±x& ¼d½ Xykscy okfe±x dk vFkZ] ¼[k½ Xykscy okfe±x ds [krjs mlds izHkko] ¼x½
cpko gsrq mik;
6- fn'kkghu Hkkjrh; ;qok&ih<+h&
& i<+&fy[kdj Hkh fn'kkghu
& csjkst+xkjksa dh yach iafDr
& vijkf/k;ksa dh lwph esa ;qokvksa dh vf/kdrk
& jkst+xkjijd vkSj uSfrd f'k{kk t+:jh
7- IykfLVd dh nqfu;k&
& Ñf=ke inkFkks± esa ls ,d
& blds xq.k
& blds nks"k
& IykfLVd ds {ks=k
8- [ksyksa dk O;olk;hdj.k&
& [ksy vkSj O;olk; dk c<+rk esy
& [ksyksa dks ykHk
& [ksyksa dks gkfu
& O;olk;hdj.k] mfpr ;k vuqfpr
9- ,slh ckuh cksfy, eu dk vkik [kks;&
& ok.kh dh 'kfDr
& ok.kh dh dBksjrk rhj dh rjg
& ok.kh dk la;e pfj=k dk niZ.k
& bZ'oj dk vuks[kk ojnku
10- ;fn eSa Hkkjr dk iz/kkuea=kh gksrk&
& iz/kkuea=kh cuus dh bPNk
& xfjek ls ;qDr in
& ea=kh inksa dk foosdiw.kZ forj.k
& turk ls laidZ
& lsuk ds lHkh vaxksa] fons'kh O;kikj dks etcwr
11- ijek.kq 'kfDr laiUu Hkkjr&
& Hkkjr dk ijek.kq 'kfDr laiUu cuukA
& dc vkSj dSls cuk\
& fo'o dh izfrfØ;kA
& Hkkjr dks ykHkA
12- fon~;kFkhZ thou vkSj QS'ku&
& QS'ku dk vfHkizk;
& fon~;kfFkZ;ksa ij c<+rs QS'ku dk izHkko
& QS'ku ds nq"izHkko&lek/kku
13- esVªks jsy&
& Hkwfedk
& ifj;kstuk dk vkjaHk
d{kk 10/ fganh / 94

& Hkkjr dh izxfr dk uewuk
& mi;ksfxrk ,oa yksdfiz;rk

foKkiu&ys[ku
vkt dk ;qx foKkiu dk ;qx gSA nwjn'kZu ds dk;ZØe gksa] ;k i=k&if=kdk,¡ gksa ;k 'kgj dh Å¡ph nhokjsa
gksa& loZ=k foKkiu ut+j vkrs gSaA foKkiu dk mn~ns'; gS& izpkj&izlkj n~okjk izpkjdrkZ vkSj vke turk
ds chp laidZ LFkkfir djukA cM+h&cM+h daifu;k¡ ,oa mRikn vius mRiknuksa dks izpkfjr djus ds fy,
rjg&rjg ds foKkiuksa dk lgkjk ysrs gSaA bl izdkj foKkiu mRiknd vkSj miHkksDrk ds chp lsrq dk dk;Z
djrs gSaA foKkiuksa dks ns[kdj gh gesa ubZ&ubZ oLrqvksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh feyrh gSA oLrqvksa dk pquko
djus esa enn feyrh gSA foKkiu gekjs eu dks fu'fpr :Ik ls izHkkfor djrs gSaA
foKkiu cukrs le; dqN /;ku nsus ;ksX; ckrsa%

foKkiu ds fy, cuk;k x;k fp=k jaxhu] Li”V vkSj vkd”kZd gksuk pkfg,A
oLrq dh xq.koRrk dh lgh tkudkjh nsuh pkfg,A c<+k&p<+kdj ugha crkuk pkfg,A
yqHkkous n`';ksa n~okjk miHkksDrk dks xqejkg ugha djuk pkfg,A
izLrqfrdj.k bruk vkd"kZd gksuk pkfg, fd xzkgd iszfjr gks tk, vkSj oLrq dks [kjhn ysA
vH;kl dk;Z
1- ugkus ds lkcqu dk foKkiu cukb,A
2- VwFkisLV dk foKkiu cukb,A
3- pkWdysV dk foKkiu cukb,A
4- vius fon~;ky; dk foKkiu cukb,A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 96

5- Ekksckby Qksu dk foKkiu cukb,A
6- viuh dkj cspus ds fy, foKkiu cukb,A
7- Vh-oh- ds u, vkus okys dk;ZØe dk foKkiu cukb,A
Lakokn&ys[ku
Lkaokn dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gS&ckrphrA ;g 'kCn le~$okn ls cuk gSA nks ;k nks ls vf/kd yksxksa eas gks
jgk okrkZyki laokn dgykrk gSA ukVdksa esa laokn dk fo'ks"k egRRo gksrk gSA d{kk esa laokn ds ek/;e ls
Nk=kksa dh ekSf[kd vfHkO;fDr dk fodkl fd;k tkrk gSA laokn esa LokHkkfodrk dk xq.k ik;k tkrk gS blesa
dksbZ cukoV ugha gksrhA bl ckrphr dk viuk vkuan gksrk gS vkSj fny [kksydj ckr dh tkrh gSA gj
ik=k viuh fLFkfr] euksn'kk rFkk laLdkj ds fglkc ls cksyrk gSA ijarq ckrphr ,d dyk Hkh gSA ,slh dyk
ftleas vH;kl ls egkjFk gkfly dh tk ldrh gSA vukSipkfjd ckrphr esa Hkh e;kZnk dk /;ku rks j[kuk
gh pkfg,A ,slh dksbZ ckr ugha dh tkuh pkfg, ftlls fdlh ds fny dks Bsl igq¡psA
Lkaokn ds fo"k; esa /;ku j[kus ;ksX; ckrsa&
laokn fo"k;kuqdwy] voljkuqdwy vkSj Hkkokuqdwy gksus pkfg,A
gko&Hkkoksa dks cukus dk iz;Ru djuk pkfg,A
Lkaokn dFku esa vkjksg&vojksg dk iwjk /;ku j[kk tkuk pkfg, rFkk laokn bruk rst cksyuk pkfg,
fd og Li"V lqukbZ nsA
Lkaokn dFku esa lacks/ku vkSj vfHkoknu dk iwjk /;ku j[kk tkuk pkfg,A
Ckkrphr esa laca/kksa dh lqxa/k¼vkReh;rk½ >yduh pkfg,A
vH;kl dk;Z
1- yM+dk&yM+dh HksnHkko ij nks lgsfy;ksa dh ckrphr fyf[k,A
2- Okkf"kZd ijh{kk dh rS;kjh ds fo"k; esa nks nksLrksa dh okrkZ fyf[k,A
3- d{kk X;kjgoha esa fo"k; ds pquko dks ysdj firk vkSj iq=k@iq=kh ds chp gq, laokn dks fyf[k,A
4- Lkekt esa c<+rs vijk/k ds ckjs esa nks iM+ksfl;ksa dh ckrphr dks fyf[k,A
5- xehZ dh NqV~fV;ksa ds fo"k; esa nks Nk=kksa ds laokn fyf[k,A
6- Hkkjr vkSj ikfdLrku ds chp gks jgs fØdsV eSp ds ckjs esa nks fe=ksa dh ckrphr fyf[k,A
7- vki vius f'k{kd ls viuh xyrh dh ekQh ek¡xus x, gSa& nksuksa ds chp dk laokn fyf[k,A
d{kk 10/ fganh / 98
Lkwpuk&ys[ku
lwpuk ckrphr djus dj vkSipkfjd rjhdk gSA bldk mn~ns'; fdlh fo'ks"k lewg ds yksxksa dks dksbZ
tkudkjh nsuk ;k mldh ?kkss"k.kk djuk gksrk gSA lwpuk fdlh lkoZtfud LFkku ;k fon~;ky; ds lwpukiV
ij yxkbZ tkrh gSA ljdkj n~okjk t+kjh dh xbZ lwpuk,¡ lekpkj&i=k eas Nirh gSaA
Ikzk#i
laLFkk dk uke ftlus lwpuk tkjh dh gksA
'kh"kZd ^lwpuk* gksuk pkfg,A
Lwkpuk ds fo"k; esa crkus okyk 'kh"kZdA
frfFk] le; vkSj LFkkuA
Lkwpuk dh fo"k;&oLrqA
Lkwpuk tkjh djus okys dk uke vkSj inA
laidZ fdls djuk gS&uke] VsyhQksu] bZ&esy
vkWfQl@laLFkk dk uke
frfFk% lwpuk’
'kh"kZd
;g lwfpr fd;k tkrk gS fd ------------------------------------- ¼fo"k;&oLrq½
gLrk{kj
Lwkpuk tkjh djus okys dk uke vkSj in
nwjHkk"k% bZ&esy% eksckby%
/;ku nsus ;ksX; ckrsa

,d vPNh fy[kh gqbZ lwpuk ikBdksa dks fuEu ik¡p ckrsa vo’; crkrh gSA
 D;k gksus okyk gS\ ¼dk;ZØe@vk;kstu½
 dgk¡ gksus okyk gS\
 fdlls laidZ djuk gS\
 dc gksus okyk gS\ ¼frfFk vkSj le;½
& flQZ egRRoiw.kZ fcanq gh fy[ks tkus pkfg,A
& mi;qZDr iz'uksa ls lacaf/kr vU; dksbZ tkudjhA
& okD; NksVs rFkk O;kdjf.kd n`f"V ls lgh vkSj lVhd gksus pkfg,A
& vU; iq:"kokpd loZuke¼third person½ esa gksus pkfg,A
& Lkwpuk dks ,d ckWDl esa gh izLrqr djuk pkfg,A
& Lkwpuk&ys[ku dh 'kCn&lhek 20&30 'kCn gSA ¼flQZ fo"k;&oLrq ds 'kCnksa dh fxurh gksrh gSA½‚„
& Lkwpuk esa nh tkus okyh tkudkjh Li"V gksuh pkfg,] blls fdlh izdkj dh x+yrQgeh ugha gksuh
pkfg,A
& ;g ikBdksa dk /;ku vkdf"kZr djus okyh gksuh pkfg,A
& flQZ ekud laf{kIr #iksa dk iz;ksx gksuk pkfg,A
& eksVh NikbZ¼bold letters½] vkd"kZd ukjksa] 'kCnksa vkSj okD;ka'kksa ds iz;ksx ls viuh izLrqfr dks
vkd"kZd cuk,¡A
Lkwpuk&ys[ku ds dqN egRRoiw.kZ fcanq%

lHkk
frfFk%
le;%
LFkku%
mn~n's ;%
dkj.k%
fdls Hkkx ysuk gS%
laidZ fdls djuk gS%
fo'ks"k funsZ'k%
[kks;k vkSj ik;k
Lkkeku [kks;k@ik;k%
frfFk%
Lke;%
LFkku%
Ikgpku&fpg~u%
lkeku dh tkudkjh%
laidZ fdls djuk gS%
dc vkSj dgk¡%
d{kk 10/ fganh / 100
dk;Z Ø e
uke%
frfFk%
volj%
le;%
LFkku%
;ksX;rk%
laidZ fd, tkus okys dk irk%
fo'ks"k funsZ'k%
Vwj@dSai@izn'kZuh
Ukke vkSj izdkj%
volj%
LFkku%
frfFk%
mn~ns';%] tkudkjh] fuea=k.k] vihy%
izos'k fu%'kqYd%
le; ;k vof/k%
laidZ fd, tkus okys dk irk%
fo'ks"k funsZ'k ¼D;k djuk gS vkSj D;k ugha½%
dqN mnkgj.k%
laLÑfr fon~;ky;
lwpuk
frfFk% 10 tqykbZ 2015
Lka/;k rkjk
gekjk fon~;ky; ^^la/;krkjk** o`n~/kkJe ds fy, /kujkf'k ,d=k djus gsrq ,d lkaLÑfrd dk;ZØe
vk;ksftr dj jgk gSA blesa ,d u`R;&ukfVdk] ewd vfHku;] tknw dk [ksy rFkk dqN vU; euksjatd
dk;ZØe 'kkfey djus dh ;kstuk gSA bPNqd fon~;kFkhZ lkaLd‘frd lfpo dks 20 tqykbZ 2013 rd uke
vo'; ns nsaA
,l-okfy;k
lanhi okfy;k
Lkfpo lkaLÑfrd lfefr
d{kk 10 / fganh / 101

laLÑfr fon~;ky;]ubZ fnYyh
lwpuk
frfFk% 10 tqykbZ 2015
feyk&,d [ksy ds lkeku dk FkSykA
,d [ksy ds lkeku dk FkSyk fon~;ky; ds [ksy& eSnku esa 10 vizSy 2013 dks [kkus ds vodk'k ds
le; ik;k x;k gSA ftlus Hkh viuk yky jax dk [ksy ds lkeku dk FkSyk ftlesa cM+s&cM+s ikWdsV Hkh gSa]
[kks;k gks og mls 12 vizSy rd [ksy lfpo ls ys ldrk gSA
ikFkZ
ikFkZ lkjFkh feJk
[ksy lfpo
vH;kl dk;Z%
1- ^dSefyu izkbosV bafM;k fyfeVsM* [kqyh fp=kdyk izfr;ksfxrk vk;ksftr djus tk jgh gSA fnu]
fnukad] le;] vk;q vkfn dk o.kZu djrs gq, ,d lwpuk rS;kj dhft,A
2- vki d{kk vkBoha ds Nk=k Ñ'k gSa vkSj vkius fon~;ky; ifjlj esa ,d e¡gxh ?kM+h [kks nh gSA
fon~;ky; ds lwpuk&iV ij ?kM+h ds ckjs esa crkrs gq, rFkk okft+c buke dh ?kks"k.kk djrs gq,
yxHkx ipkl 'kCnksa esa ,d lwpuk fyf[k,A
3- ^jk"Vªh; foKku vkSj rduhdh fnol* ds volj ij laLÑfr Ldwy us ,d ^foKku&izn'kZuh*
vk;ksftr djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA bl izn'kZuh dh O;oLFkk ls lacaf/kr ppkZ djus ds fy,
foKku&lfefr ds lfpo fodkl] lHkh dk;Zdkjh lnL;ksa dh ,d lHkk cqykuk pkgrs gSaA bl
fo"k; esa yxHkx ipkl 'kCnksa esa ,d lwpuk fyf[k,A
4- vki laLÑfr fon~;ky; dh okf"kZd if=kdk ^lafor* ds Nk=k laiknd gSaA bl if=kdk ds fy,
jkspd ys[k] dgkfu;k¡] dkVZwu] dfork,¡] pqVdqys vkSj LraHk vkfn nsus esa #fp j[kus okys
fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dks vkeaf=kr djrs gq, yxHkx rhl 'kCnksa esa ,d lwpuk fyf[k,A
5- laLÑfr fon~;ky; ds [ksy&ifjlj esa 'khr&esys dk vk;kstu gks jgk gSA iz/kkukpk;kZ us vkidks
lkaLÑfrd&lfefr ds lfpo gksus ds ukrs lHkh f'k{kdksa vkSj fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dks bl esys esa Hkkx
ysus ds fy, vkeaf=kr djrs gq, yxHkx rhl 'kCnksa esa ,d lwpuk fyf[k,A

vyadkj
iz'u&1 vyadkj fdls dgrs gSa\
iz'u&2 mRçs{kk vyadkj dh igpku djkus okys 'kCn dkSu&dkSu ls gksrs gSa\
iz'u&3 miek vyadkj okpd 'kCn dkSu&dkSu ls gksrs gSa\
d{kk 10 / fganh / 103

iz'u&4 fuEufyf[kr iafDr;ksa eas ç;qDr vyadkjksa ds uke fyf[k,%&
¼d½ rc rks cgrk le; f'kyk lk te tk,xk --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼[k½ vk, egar olar ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼x½ p¡oj ln`'k Mksy jgs ljlksa ds lj vuar ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼?k½ fla/kq&lk foLr`r vkSj vFkkg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼³½ nks Vwd dysts ds djrk iNrkrk iFk ij vkrk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼p½ fuiV fujadql fuBqj fuladw ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼N½ txdj ltdj jtuh ckys! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼t½ feVk eksnq eu Hk, euhysa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼>½ cgrk] dgrk] dqydqy dydy] dydy ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼´½ ogh mBrh mfeZ;ksa lh 'kSyekyk,¡ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼V½ rhu csj [kkrha Fkha os rhu csj [kkrh gSa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼B½ rks ij okjkSa mjclh lqu jkf/kds lqtkuA
rw eksgu ds mj clh gS mjclh lekuAA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼M½ dfcjk lksbZ ihj gS ts tkus ij ihj ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼<½ vk;kS vk;kS lqur gh flo ljtk rqr uk¡o
oSfj ukfj n`x tyu lkS cwf) tkfr vfj xk¡oA -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼.k½ vkxs ufn;k iM+h vikj] ?kksM+k dSls mrjs ikj
jk.kk us lkspk bl ikj] rc rd psrd Fkk ml ikj ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼r½ m"kk lqugys rhj cjlrh t; y{eh lh mfpr gqbZ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼Fk½ eq[k cky jfo le yky gksdj
Tokyk&lk cksf/kr gqvk ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼n½ jke uke efu nhi /k: thg nsgjh n~okj ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼/k½ tx nhid ;qx tyrh ckrh ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼u½ lksus dk dyl fy, m"kk pyh vk jgh ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

¼i½ lkxj pj.k i[kkjs 'kh'k xaxk p<+koS uhj ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼Q½ j?kqifr jk?ko jktk jkeA ifrr ikou lhrk jkeAA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼c½ pk: paæ dh papy fdj.ksa] [ksy jgh gSa ty Fky esa ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼Hk½ vfr vxk/kq vfr vkS?kjks unh dwi l: ckbZA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼e½ lqfu lusge; eatqy ckuhA
ldqfp lh; eu eg¡q eqlqdkuhAA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼;½ lksHkk fla/kq u var jgh jhA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼j½ vks fu;fr rw lqu jgh gS\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼y½ ckru Hkqjb jkf/kdk Hkksjh ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼o½ eksdks rkS jkeq dkS uke dyir: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼'k½ lgt lqHkk; lqHkx ru xksjs
uke y[kuq] y?kq nsoj eksjs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼"k½ og esjk viuh lk¡l&lk igpkuk gS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼l½ ?kw¡V vk¡lqvksa ds ihdj jg tkrs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼g½ tks ur gqvk og e`r gqvk
T;ksa o`r ls >jdj dqlqe ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
d{kk 10 / fganh / 105

SET - 1
Series : TYM/C dksM ua- 4/1
jksy ua- ijh{kkFkhZ dksM dks mÙkj&iqfLrdk ds

Roll No. eq[k&i`"B ij vo'; fy[ksAa
 Ñi;k tk¡p dj ysa fd bl ç'u&i=k esa eqfær i`"B 4 gSaA

 ç'u&i=k esa nkfgus gkFk dh vksj fn, x, dksM uEcj dks Nk=k mÙkj&iqfLrdk ds eq[k&i`"B ij
fy[ksaA
 Ñi;k tk¡p dj ysa fd bl ç'u&i=k esa 15 ç'u gSaA
 Ñi;k ç'u dk mÙkj fy[kuk 'kq: djus ls igys] ç'u dk Øekad vo'; fy[ksaA
 bl ç'u&i=k dks i<+us ds fy, 15 feuV dk le; fn;k x;k gSA ç'u&i=k dk forj.k iwokZà
esa 10.15 cts fd;k tk,xkA 10.15 cts ls 10.30 cts rd Nk=k dsoy ç'u&i=k dks i<+saxs
vkSj bl vof/k ds nkSjku os mÙkj&iqfLrdk ij dksbZ mÙkj ugha fy[ksaxsA
fgUnh
HINDI
¼ikB~;Øe c½
(Coruse B)
fu/kkZfjr le; % 3 ?k.Vs vf/kdre vad % 80
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 80
lkekU; funsZ'k%
(i) bl ç'u&i=k ds pkj [kaM gSa&d] [k] x vkSj ?kA
(ii) pkjksa [kaMksa ds ç'uksa ds mÙkj nsuk vfuok;Z gSA
(iii) ;FkklaHko çR;sd [aM ds mÙkj Øe'k% nhft,A

[kaM&d
1- fuEufyf[kr x|ka'k dks è;kuiwoZd i<+dj fn, x, ç'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k,% 9
,d LoLFk O;fä dh ifjHkk"kk dqN 'kCnksa esa crkuk dfBu gSA fdlh dks {kf.kd ns[kus Hkj ls
ugha dgk tk ldrk fd og furkar LoLFk gS ;k #X.k gSA dksbZ O;fä ns[kus esa eksVk&rktk] :i&lkSUn;Z ls
;qä Hkys gh gks ldrk gS ysfdu ;g t:jh ugha fd og 'kkjhfjd rkSj ij gj rjg ls LoLFk gksxkA okLro
esa O;fä dk cká :i mldh vUr% 'kfä dks ,d >yd esa çnf'kZr ugha dj ikrkA ;|fi dHkh&dHkh fo"kkn
vkSj vU}ZU} dk Hkko O;fä ds eq[k ij Nyd tkrk gS] mlh rjg ân; dh çlUurk&Nki Hkh eq[k ij
fn[kkbZ ns tkrh gSA ;s nksuksa çlUurk vkSj osnuk ds Hkko ifjorZu'khy gksrs gSaA bu fLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh
vf/kdrk&U;wurk dk ifjorZu gksrk jgrk gSA okLro esa ;s os ân;&vkosx gS] tks gesa gekjs cká çHkko ls
çkIr gksrs gSaA bu nksuksa çHkkoksa dks laca/k euq"; ds LokLF; ls gksrk gSA fofHkUu çdkj dh chekfj;k¡ vkneh
ds 'kjhj dks {kfr rks igq¡pkrh gh gSa] mlds eukscy dks Hkh det+ksj dj nsrh gSaA
O;fä dk vPNk LokLF; ,d yach çfØ;k ds QyLo:i çkIr gksrk gSA vPNs LokLF; okyk
O;fDr vius nsufUnu dk;Z cM+h dq'kyrk ds lkFk dj ysrk gSA Ñ'k ru okyk O;fä Hkh LoLFk gks ldrk
gS vkSj LFkwydk; O;fä Hkh jksxh gks ldrk gSA 'kkjhfjd lapjuk ls fdlh ds vPNs ;k [kjkc LokLF; dk
irk ugha pyrkA vPNs LokLF; okyk O;fä ogh gksrk gS ftlesa vius dk;Z djus dh {kerk gks] LQwfrZ gks]
ÅtkZ gks vkSj og vkyL; jfgr gksA ,slk O;fä viuh dk;Z{kerk ds cy ij vius dk;Z ;Fkkle; fuiVk
ysrk gS] mldk fparu ldkjkRed gksrk gS vkSj fdlh Hkh dke ds fy, vU; ds Hkjksls ugha jgrkA blhfy,
dgk tkrk gS fd&^^LoLFk 'kjhj esa gh LoLFk eu dk fuokl gksrk gSA**
¼d½ vPNs LokLF; ds D;k&D;k ykHk gSa\ 2
¼[k½ LoLFk O;fä fdls ekuk tkrk gS vkSj D;ksa\ 2
¼x½ O;fä dh eq[k&Nfo fdu vkos'kksa ds dkj.k cnyrh jgrh gS\ 2
¼?k½ ys[kd LoLFk 'kjhj esa fdldk fuokl ekurk gS] blds D;k dj.k gks ldrs gSa\ 2
¼³½ mi;qZDr x|ka'k ds fy, mfpr 'kh"kZd nhft, \ 1
2- fuEufyf[kr i|ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, ç'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k,%
thou viuk eafnj gS ekuo viuk Hkxoku gS
/kjrh dk gj dksuk viuk I;kjk fganqLrku gSA
fy[krk gS tks Nan Qly ds vius gy dh Qky ls
djrk gS vpZuk /kjk dh [kqjih vkSj dqnky ls]
cksrk gS Je ds [ksrksa esa nkuk Lo.kZ fogku dk
u;h Qly ls Hkj nsrk gS vk¡py tks lqulku dk
d{kk 10 / fganh / 107

mldk lq[k] mldk nq[k viuh xhrk vkSj dqjku gS
mlds pj.kksa dh gj js[kk viuk rhFkZ LFkku gSA
mldh gj vkokt+ gekjh iwtk&ikB&vtku gSA
¼d½ dfo us Hkkjrh; fdlku ds fy, D;k&D;k dgk gS\ mls vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A 2
¼[k½ Hkkjr ds ckjs esa dfo D;k mn~xkj gS\ 2
¼x½ dfo viuk eafnj] Hkxoku] rhFkZ vkSj iwtk&uekt fdUgsa ekurk gS\ 2
[kaM&[k
3- ¼d½ 'kCn vkSj in esa mnkgj.k lfgr varj Li"V dhft,A 2

¼[k½ fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa dk funsZ'kkuqlkj jpuk ds vk/kkj ij okD; :ikarj.k dhft,A
(i) lw;Z mn; gksus ij rqe tkx tkukA ¼feJ okD;½ 1
(ii) og dfork ;kn djks vkSj lqukvksA ¼ljy okD;½ 1
(iii) xk;d xkuk xkus ds lkFk&lkFk ck¡lqjh Hkh ctkrk gSA ¼la;qä okD;½ 1
4- ¼d½ leLr in cukb, vkSj lekl dk uke Hkh fyf[k,A
(i) le; ds vuqlkj 1
(ii) nsg :ih yrk 1
¼[k½ foxzg djds lekl dk uke fyf[k,%&
(i) n'kkuu 1
(ii) nky&Hkkr 1
5- ¼d½ fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa dks 'kq) djds fyf[k,%&
(i) cktkj ls ,d Qwy dh ekyk ykuh gSA 1
(ii) bafM;k xsV esa tqywl fudkyk x;kA 1
(iii) vki dc vkvksxs\ 1
(iv) esjs dks viuk x`gdk;Z djuk gSA 1
¼[k½ (i) fjä LFkku dh iwfrZ mfpr eqgkojs }kjk dhft,%&
iq=k ds vuqÙkh.kZ gksus dk lekpkj lqudj firkth ------------------------------- gks x,A 1
(ii) ^fpduk ?kM+k* & eqgkojs dk vFkZ fy[kdj okD; esa ç;ksx dhft,A 1

[kaM&x
6- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,%& 2$2$1¾5
¼d½ ^cM+s HkkbZ lkgc* ikB ds vk/kkj ij cM+s HkkbZ ds LoHkko dh nks fo'ks"krk,¡ fyf[k,A
¼[k½ rrk¡jk dks fudksckjh yksx mlds fdu xq.kksa ds dkj.k csgn I;kj djrs Fks\
¼x½ ^Mk;jh dk iUuk* esa fdl çeq[k ?kVuk dk mYys[k gS\
7- ^^>su dh nsu** ikB ds vk/kkj ij pk&uks;w fof/k dk foLrkj ls o.kZu dhft,A 5
vFkok
:f<+;k¡ dc cqjkbZ dk :i /kkj.k dj ysrh gSa\ muls NqVdkjk dSls ik;k tk ldrk gS\
^rrk¡jk okehjks* ikB ds vk/kkj ij fyf[k,A
8- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,%&
¼d½ ^^dfg gS lcq rsjkS fg;kS** nksgs ds ekè;e ls dfo D;k dguk pkgrk gS\ 5
¼[k½ dfo us lcdks ,d gksdj pyus dh çsj.kk D;ksa vkSj fdlds fgr esa nkh gS\ 2
¼x½ dfo us dqckZfu;ksa dh jkg fdls dgk gS\ 1
9- ^^dj pys ge fQnk** dfork ds ekè;e ls dfo D;k dguk pkgrs gS\ dfork dh nks
fo'ks"krk,¡ fyf[k,A 5
vFkok
êuq";rk* dfork ds vk/kkj ij vkn'kZ ekuork ij vius fopkj Li"V dhft,A
10- fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vuq'kklu esa j[kus ds fy, ^liuksa ds&ls fnu* ikB esa viukbZ xbZ ;qfä;ksa dks
è;ku esa j[kdj orZeku esa blds fy, la'kksf/kr dne mBk, x, gSaA bl fo"k; esa vuq'kklu
ds ikyu gsrq vius fopkj çdV dhft,A 5
d{kk 10 / fganh / 109

vFkok
^Vksih 'kqDyk* ikB esa b¶Qu vkSj Vksih dh eS=kh ds }kjk D;k lans'k fn;k x;k gS\ orZeku
lanHkksZa esa mldh mi;ksfxrk le>kb,A
[kaM&?k
11- fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij ladsr fcanqvksa ds vk/kkj ij 80 ls 100 'kCnksa% 5
¼d½ viuh ekr`Hkk"kk
ifjp; fo'ks"krk,¡ D;k djsa
¼[k½ ?kj esa 'kkSpky;
'kkSpky; dh t:jr vPNs LokLF; dk çrhd 'kkSpky; cukus ls ykHk
¼x½ dkedkth dh efgyk,¡
dke djus dh vko';drk efgyk&iq:"k esa lekurk fufgr dfBukb;k¡
12- vkids {ks=k esa fctyh dh vfu;ferrkvksa dh f'kdk;r djus gsrq {ks=kh; fo|qr vf/kdkjh dks
çkFkZuk&i=k fyf[k,A 5
vFkok
jkT; ifjogu dh cl esa vkids vko';d i=k] çek.ki=k vkfn ls Hkjk cSx NwV x;k gsA [kks,
gq, lkeku dh çkfIr ds fy, ifjogu vf/kdjh dks lwfpr djrs gq, i=k fyf[k,A
13- vkids fo|ky; esa gksus okyh ôkf"kZd [ksy&dwn çfr;ksfxrk* esa Hkkx ysus gsrq Nk=kksa ds fy,
25&30 'kCnksa esa lwpuk fyf[k,A 5
vFkok
eqgYyk lfefr ds lfpo dh vksj ls dkWyksuh esa vk;ksftr gksus okys ^fnokyh esyk* dh lwpuk
fyf[k,A
14- firk vkSj iq=k ,d f[kykSus dh nqdku ij [kM+s gSaA mu nksuksa ds chp f[kykSus [kjhnus ls
lacaf/kr laokn yxHkx 50 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A 5
15- vki viuh nks o"kZ igys [kjhnh ckbZd cspuk pkgrs gSa] mlls lacaf/kr 25 ls 50 'kCnksa dk
foKkiu rS;kj dhft,A 5
vFkok
vki vius ifjokj ds fy, ,d mi;qDr ?kj fdjk, ij ysuk pkgrs gSaA mlls lacaf/kr 25
ls 50 'kCnksa dk foKkiu rS;kj dhft,A

SET - 3


fy[ksaA
fgUnh
HINDI
¼ikB~;Øe c½
(Coruse B)
lkekU; funsZ'k%
d{kk 10 / fganh / 111

[kaM&d
esa O;fä dk cká :i mldh vUr% 'kfä dks ,d >yd esa çfnf'kZr ugha dj ikrkA ;|fi dHkh&dHkh fo"kkn
vkSj vUr}ZU} dk Hkko O;fä ds eq[k ij Nyd tkrk gS] mlh rjg ân; dh çlUurk&Nki Hkh eq[k ij
vf/kdrk&U;wurk dk ifjorZu gksrk jgrk gSA okLro esa ;s os ân;&vkosx gSa] tks gesa gekjs cká çHkko ls
çkIr gksrs gSaA bu nksuksa çHkkoksa dk laca/k euq"; ds LokLF; ls gksrk gSA fofHkUu çdkj dh chekfj;k¡ vkneh
¼d½ O;fä dh eq[k&Nfo fdu vkosxksa ds dkj.k cnyrh jgrh gS\ 2
¼[k½ mi;qZDr x|ka'k ds fy, mfpr 'kh"kZd nhft,\ 1
¼x½ vPNs LokF; ds D;k&D;k ykHk gSa\ 2
¼?k½ ys[kd LoLFk 'kjhj esa fdldk fuokl ekurk gS] blds D;k dj.k gks ldrs gSa\ 2
¼³½ LoLFk O;fä fdls ekuk tkrk gS vkSj D;ksa\ 2

¼d½ Hkkjr ds ckjs esa dfo D;k mn~xkj gS\ 2
¼[k½ dfo us Hkkjrh; fdlku ds fy, D;k&D;k dgk gS\ mls vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A 2
[kaM&[k
3- ¼d½ fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa dks 'kq) djds fyf[k,%&
(i) esjs dks viuk x`gdk;Z djuk gSA 1
(ii) vki dc vkvksxs\ 1
(iii) bafM;k xsV esa tqywl fudkyk x;kA 1
(iv) cktkj ls ,d Qwy dh ekyk ykuh gSA 1
¼[k½ (i) fjä LFkku dh iwfrZ mfpr eqgkojs }kjk dhft,%&

(ii) ^fpduk ?kM+k* & eqgkojs dk vFkZ fy[kdj okD; esa ç;ksx dhft,A 1
4- ¼d½ 'kCn vkSj in esa mnkgj.k lfgr varj Li"V dhft,A 2
¼[k½ fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa dk funsZ'kkuqlkj jpuk ds vk/kkj ij okD; :ikarj.k dhft,A
(ii) og dfork ;kn djks vkSj lqukvksA ¼ljy okD;½ 1
(i) lw;Z mn; gksus ij rqe tkx tkukA ¼feJ okD;½ 1
5- ¼d½ leLr in cukb, vkSj lekl dk uke Hkh fyf[k,A
(i) le; ds vuqlkj 1
(ii) nsg :ih yrk 1
¼[k½ foxzg djds lekl dk uke fyf[k,%&
(i) n'kkuu 1
(ii) nky&Hkkr
d{kk 10 / fganh / 113

[kaM&x
6- ^Vksih 'kqDyk* ikB esa b¶Qu vkSj Vksih dh eS=kh ds }kjk D;k lans'k fn;k x;k gS\ orZeku
lanHkksZa esa mldh mi;ksfxrk le>kb,A 5
vFkok
fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vuq'kklu esa j[kus ds fy, ^liuksa ds&ls fnu* ikB esa viukbZ xbZ ;qfä;ksa dks
ds ikyu gsrq vius fopkj çdV dhft,A
¼d½ ^cM+s HkkbZ lkgc* ikB ds vk/kkj ij cM+s HkkbZ ds LoHkko dh nks fo'ks"krk,¡ fyf[k,A
¼[k½ rrk¡jk dks fudksckjh yksx mlds fdu xq.kksa ds dkj.k csgn I;kj djrs Fks\
¼x½ ^Mk;jh dk iUuk* esa fdl çeq[k ?kVuk dk mYys[k gS\
8- ^^dj pys ge fQnk** dfork ds ekè;e ls dfo D;k dguk pkgrs gS\ dfork dh nks
fo'ks"krk,¡ fyf[k,A 5
vFkok
êuq";rk* dfork ds vk/kkj ij vkn'kZ ekuork ij vius fopkj Li"V dhft,A
¼x½ dfo us dqckZfu;ksa dh jkg fdls dgk gS\ 1
10- ^^>su dh nsu** ikB ds vk/kkj ij pk&uks;w fof/k dk foLrkj ls o.kZu dhft,A 5
vFkok
:f<+;k¡ dc cqjkbZ dk :i /kkj.k dj ysrh gSa\ muls NqVdkjk dSls ik;k tk ldrk gS\
^rrk¡jk okehjks* ikB ds vk/kkj ij fyf[k,A
[kaM&?k
¼d½ dkedkth dh efgyk,¡

¼[k½ ?kj esa 'kkSpky;
¼x½ viuh ekr`Hkk"kk
12- eqgYyk lfefr ds lfpo dh vksj ls dkWyksuh esa vk;ksftr gksus okys ^fnokyh esyk* dh lwpuk
fyf[k,A 5
vFkok
vkids fo|ky; esa gksus okyh ôkf"kZd [ksy&dwn çfr;ksfxrk* esa Hkkx ysus gsrq Nk=kksa ds fy,
25&30 'kCnksa esa lwpuk fyf[k,A
lacaf/kr laokn yxHkx 50 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
14- vkids {ks=k esa fctyh dh vfu;ferrkvksa dh f'kdk;r djus gsrq {ks=kh; fo|qr vf/kdkjh dks
çkFkZuk&i=k fyf[k,A 5
vFkok
jkT; ifjogu dh cl esa vkids vko';d i=k] çek.ki=k vkfn ls Hkjk cSx NwV x;k gsA [kks,
gq, lkeku dh çkfIr ds fy, ifjogu vf/kdjh dks lwfpr djrs gq, i=k fyf[k,A
15- vki vius ifjokj ds fy, ,d miZ;qDr ?kj fdjk, ij ysuk pkgrs gSaA mlls lacaf/kr 25
ls 50 'kCnksa dk foKkiu rS;kj dhft,A 5
vFkok
vki viuh nks o"kZ igys [kjhnh ckbZd cspuk pkgrs gSa] mlls lacaf/kr 25 ls 50 'kCnksa dk
foKkiu rS;kj dhft,A
d{kk 10 / fganh / 115

SET - 2


fy[ksaA
fgUnh
HINDI
¼ikB~;Øe c½
(Coruse B)
lkekU; funsZ'k%

[kaM&d
¼d½ Hkkjr ds ckjs esa dfo D;k mn~xkj gS\ 2
¼[k½ dfo us Hkkjrh; fdlku ds fy, D;k&D;k dgk gS\ mls vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A 2
esa O;fä dk cká :i mldh vUr% 'kfä dks ,d >yd esa çfnf'kZr ugha dj ikrkA ;|fi dHkh&dHkh fo"kkn
vkSj vUr}ZU} dk Hkko O;fä ds eq[k ij Nyd tkrk gS] mlh rjg ân; dh çlUurk&Nki Hkh eq[k ij
vf/kdrk&U;wurk dk ifjorZu gksrk jgrk gSA okLro esa ;s os ân;&vkosx gSa] tks gesa gekjs cká çHkko ls
çkIr gksrs gSaA bu nksuksa çHkkoksa dk laca/k euq"; ds LokLF; ls gksrk gSA fofHkUu çdkj dh chekfj;k¡ vkneh
d{kk 10 / fganh / 117

¼d½ O;fä dh eq[k&Nfo fdu vkosxksa ds dkj.k cnyrh jgrh gS\ 2
¼[k½ ys[kd LoLFk 'kjhj esa fdldk fuokl ekurk gS] blds D;k dj.k gks ldrs gSa\2
¼x½ mi;qZDr x|ka'k ds fy, mfpr 'kh"kZd nhft,\ 1
¼?k½ vPNs LokF; ds D;k&D;k ykHk gSa\ 2
¼³½ LoLFk O;fä fdls ekuk tkrk gS vkSj D;ksa\ 2
[kaM&[k
3- ¼d½ foxzg djds lekl dk uke fyf[k,%
(i) n'kkuu 1
(ii) nky&Hkkr 1
¼[k½ leLr in cukb, vkSj lekl dk uke Hkh fyf[k,%
(i) nsg :ih yrk 1
(ii) le; ds vuqlkj 1
4- ¼d½ (i) ^fpduk ?kM+k* & eqgkojs dk vFkZ fy[kdj okD; esa ç;ksx dhft,A 1
(ii) fjä LFkku dh iwfrZ mfpr eqgkojs }kjk dhft,%&

¼[k½ fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa dks 'kq) djds fyf[k,%&
(i) esjs dks viuk x`gdk;Z djuk gSA 1
(ii) bafM;k xsV esa tqywl fudkyk x;kA 1
(iii) cktkj ls ,d Qwy dh ekyk ykuh gSA 1
(iv) vki dc vkvksxs\ 1
5- ¼d½ fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa dk funsZ'kkuqlkj jpuk ds vk/kkj ij okD; :ikarj.k dhft,A
(i) og dfork ;kn djks vkSj lqukvksA ¼ljy okD;½ 1
(ii) lw;Z mn; gksus ij rqe tkx tkukA ¼feJ okD;½ 1
¼[k½ 'kCn vkSj in esa mnkgj.k lfgr varj Li"V dhft,A 2

[kaM&x
6- ^Vksih 'kqDyk* ikB esa b¶Qu vkSj Vksih dh eS=kh ds }kjk D;k lans'k fn;k x;k gS\ orZeku
lanHkksZa esa mldh mi;ksfxrk le>kb,A 5
vFkok
fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vuq'kklu esa j[kus ds fy, ^liuksa ds&ls fnu* ikB esa viukbZ xbZ ;qfä;ksa dks
ds ikyu gsrq vius fopkj çdV dhft,A
¼[k½ dfo us dqckZfu;ksa dh jkg fdls dgk gS\ 1
¼d½ ^Mk;jh dk iUuk* esa fdl çeq[k ?kVuk dk mYys[k gS\
¼[k½ ^cM+s HkkbZ lkgc* ikB ds vk/kkj ij cM+s HkkbZ ds LoHkko dh nks fo'ks"krk,¡ fyf[k,A
¼x½ rrk¡jk dks fudksckjh yksx mlds fdu xq.kksa ds dkj.k csgn I;kj djrs Fks\
9 :f<+;k¡ dc cqjkbZ dk :i /kkj.k dj ysrh gSa\ muls NqVdkjk dSls ik;k tk ldrk gS\
^rrk¡jk okehjks* ikB ds vk/kkj ij fyf[k,A 5
vFkok
^^>su dh nsu** ikB ds vk/kkj ij pk&uks;w fof/k dk foLrkj ls o.kZu dhft,A
10- êuq";rk* dfork ds vk/kkj ij vkn'kZ ekuork ij vius fopkj Li"V dhft,A 5
vFkok
^^dj pys ge fQnk** dfork ds ekè;e ls dfo D;k dguk pkgrs gS\ dfork dh nks
fo'ks"krk,¡ fyf[k,A
d{kk 10 / fganh / 119

[kaM&?k
11- vkids fo|ky; esa gksus okyh ôkf"kZd [ksy&dwn çfr;ksfxrk* esa Hkkx ysus gsrq Nk=kksa ds fy,
25&30 'kCnksa esa lwpuk fyf[k,A 5
vFkok
eqgYyk lfefr ds lfpo dh vksj ls dkWyksuh esa vk;ksftr gksus okys ^fnokyh esyk* dh lwpuk
fyf[k,A
12- vki vius ifjokj ds fy, ,d miZ;qDr ?kj fdjk, ij ysuk pkgrs gSaA mlls lacaf/kr 25
ls 50 'kCnksa dk foKkiu rS;kj dhft,A 5
vFkok
vki viuh nks o"kZ igys [kjhnh ckbZd cspuk pkgrs gSa] mlls lacaf/kr 25 ls 50 'kCnksa dk
foKkiu rS;kj dhft,A
lacaf/kr laokn yxHkx 50 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
¼d½ ?kj esa 'kkSpky;
¼[k½ dkedkth dh efgyk,¡
¼x½ viuh ekr`Hkk"kk
15- jkT; ifjogu dh cl esa vkids vko';d i=k] çek.ki=k vkfn ls Hkjk cSx NwV x;k gsA [kks,
gq, lkeku dh çkfIr ds fy, ifjogu vf/kdjh dks lwfpr djrs gq, i=k fyf[k,A 5
vFkok
vkids {ks=k esa fctyh dh vfu;ferrkvksa dh f'kdk;r djus gsrq {ks=kh; fo|qr vf/kdkjh dks
çkFkZuk&i=k fyf[k,A

Hindi X

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Hindi X

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Hindi X

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

LekVZ fLdy laLd`fr Ldwy

‘'kSf{kd l=k & 2021 & 22

ekpZ&ebZ Li'kZ & cM+s HkkbZ lkgc

d{kk 10/ fganh / 2

pls check and arrange ikB~;Øe according

d- bl xn~;ka'k ds ys[kd o ikB dk uke fyf[k,A

[k- lkykuk bfErgku dk D;k ifj.kke fudyk\

x- ys[kd dks vius Åij vfHkeku D;ksa gqvk\

?k- xn~;ka'k esa ls dksbZ ,d eqgkojk Nk¡Vdj okD; cukb,A

d{kk 10/ fganh / 4

[k- ys[kd dh LoPNanrk dSls c< xbZ\

x- Yks[kd dks dkSu&lk u;k 'kkSd iSnk gqvk\

iz'u&2 fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft, %&

¼d½ tc eSa Fkk rc gfj ugha] vc gfj gSa eSa uk¡fgA

d- ;gk¡ ^eSa* dk vk'k; gS\

[k- bZ'oj dks nqfu;k D;ksa ugha ns[k ikrh\

x- ;gk¡ ^?kj* fdldk izrhd gS\

?k- dfo dk ^?kj* tykus ls D;k vk'k; gS\

M+- ^eqjkM+k* dk ;gk¡ D;k vFkZ gS \

¼[k½ dLrwjh dqMa fy clS] e`x <w¡<S cu ek¡fgA

d- fgju dh dLrwjh dgk¡ fon~;eku jgrh gS\

[k- fgju dLrwjh dks dgk¡&dgk¡ <w¡<rk gS\

x- dfo ds vuqlkj bZ'oj dk fuokl dgk¡ gS\

?k- nqfu;k bZ'oj dks D;ksa ugha <w¡< ikrh\

M+- dfo vkSj dfork dk uke fyf[k,A

d{kk 10/ fganh / 6

[k- fuank lgu djus ls D;k ykHk gS\

gfjgj dkdk ¼fefFkys'oj½

iz'u&1 fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft, %

2- xzkeh.kksa dk eq[; /ka/kk D;k Fkk\

3- izkd`frd rckgh ds le; D;k cnyko vkrk Fkk\

d{kk 10/ fganh / 8

4- eqxyksa ds 'kkludky esa vehj ;k t+ehnkj dk D;k dke Fkk\

5- t+ehankj ;k vehj xk¡o dh turk ij tqYe D;ksa djrs Fks\

Ikz'u 1- fuEufyf[kr inksa dk mfpr foxzg pqfu,&

Hkyk&cqjk & rhu Hkqtk,¡ Hkyk ;k cqjk

f=kHkqt & rhu Hkqtk,¡ rhuksa Hkqtk,¡

izfrfnu & fnu&fnu gj&fnu

/kughu & /ku ls ghu ghu /ku

iaprÙo & rÙo gS ik¡p ik¡p rÙo

egkRek & egku gS vks vkRek egku gS vkRek ftldh ¼xk¡/kh½

'kkixzLr & 'kki ds fy, xzLr xzLr gS tks 'kki

v/kf[kyk & vk/kk f[kyk vk/kk gS tks f[kyk

fon~;k/ku & fon~;k:ih /ku /ku gS tks fon~;k

y[kifr & yk[kksa ifr yk[kksa dk Lokeh

ve`r /kjk & vej /kkjk ve`r dh /kkjk

gou lkexzh & gou ds fy, lkexzh lkexzh gS tks gou

'krkCnh & lkS o"kZ lkS o"kksZa dk lewg

Eks?kukn & es?k ds leku ukn gS ftldk vFkkZr~ ¼banzftr½

fxfj/kj & fxfj dks /kkj.k fd;k gS ftlus vFkkZr d`".k

ijk/khu & ijk gS tks /khu nwljs ds v/khu

Hkolkxj & Hko dk lkxj lkxj gS tks Hko

nsoiwtk & nso ;k iwtk nso vkSj iwtk

egktu & egt gS ugha egku tu

Jenku & Je ds fy, nku Je dk nku

Ikki eqDr & iki vkSj eqDr iki ;k eqDr

;Fkksfpr & tSlk mfpr gks ;Fkks vkSj fpr

csxqukg & tSlk mfpr gks ;Fkks vkSj fpr

vkej.k & xqukg ds fcuk fcuk xqukg ds