G R E E N H Y D R O GE N P R O D U C T I O N ,

T R A N S M I S S I O N & D I S T R IB U T I O N:
THE ROLE OF POWER
GENERATION INDUSTRIES

Ir. Ts. NORAZIAH MUDA

Head of Unit
Renewable Energy and Green Technology
TNB RESEARCH
24th May 2023
TNB RESEARCH

400+ employees

7 Technical Experts

140+ Researchers

Executives
66

80 Non-executives

TNB Labs
130+
RESEARCH R&D AREAS
Focusing on TNB operational improvements, energy transition and decarbonization
Future Generation
Sources
Generation
• Power Plant Performance and
Optimization
Built Environment & Climate Change
• Environmental Engineering
• Alternative Water Resources
Regulatory & Environment Science
• Regulatory, Water and Air Quality
• Oceanography & Limnology
Civil & Geoinformatics
• Hydraulics & Hydrology
• Geo technology & Geoinformatics
Materials
• High Temperature Materials
• Material failure diagnostic
Renewable Energy & Green Technology
• Emission & Waste Management
• REGT & LCPG
Grid of The
Future
Substation
• Primary Equipment Technology &
Diagnostic
Asset Performance
• Cable Technology & Diagnostic
• Network Performance & Efficiency
Utility Automation
• System Automation
• Power Line Communication
Lightning & Earthing
• Lightning Detection System
• System Simulation
Power System
• Wide Area Monitoring, Protection,
Automation and Control System
Smart Grid
• Advanced Metering Infrastructure
• Micro grid Technology
Future Proof
Regulation
Built Environment & Climate Change
• Site Screening And Selection
• Pollution and Emission Modelling
Regulatory & Environment Science
• Environmental Impact Assessment
• Social Impact Assessment
Renewable Energy & Green Technology
• Carbon Capture and Utilization
• RE sources and Virtual Power Plant
Smart Grid
• Smart Energy Management &
Automation System
• Power System and System Stability
 R&D ON DECARBONISATION AND ESG

Business and Financial

Performance
Customer Experience
Reliable Energy and Fair Tariffs
Energy Transition
Interest of Concerns to Stakeholders

and Innovation Climate Change

Safety, Health and Well-being Energy Efficiency

Employment Culture Environmental Management
Capability Development
Responsible and Ethical Business Practices
Cyber Security Management
Community Development and Education
Sustainable Supply Chain

Natural Resource Consumption

Waste Management
Rights of Indigenous Peoples
Biodiversity Management

Tax

Low TNB’s ESG Impacts High

Source: TNB Annual Report 2020 Environmental Social Governance & Economic
 Cable Diagnostic Environment & Climate Change
• Onsite Online/Offline PD Mapping • Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Assessment
• Training & Consultancy • Carbon Footprint Assessment

CO2 Capture & Utilization

IEC 61850 System Verification and Simulation (SVS)
• Comprehensive IEC 61850 Testing • High Pressure CO2 Solubility Test
• Extensive IEC 61850 Consultancy & Training • Absorption & Adsorption
Works Efficiency Test
Forensic Engineering Group (FEG)
• Failure Investigations (Plants &
Primary Electrical Equipment)

Plant Inspection Services (PINS) Materials Engineering & Testing

• Non-destructive Testing
• Metallography& Microscopy
Our Services • High Temperature Creep Test
• Corrosion analysis / assessment

Lightning Detection & Earthing Advance Diagnostic Services (ADS)

Technology Commercialization
• Lab Tests for HV / LV Equipment
• Lightning Fault Assessment • Commercialize research outputs
• On-Site Diagnostic Testing
• Earthing Condition Assessment • IPR registration

Expert Oil Diagnostic Services (EtODS)

• On-Site Oil Testing
Quality Assurance (QA) • Laboratory Testing Power System
• Real-Time Power System Modelling
• Product Inspection & Certification
• Technical consultancy on Real-Time
• Quality & Energy Audit
Power System Simulator (OPAL)

Hydro Optimization
• Hydroelectric Reservoir Water
Release Planning
• Component and Operation
Performance Monitoring
Environmental Impact Assessment
• Environnemental Management Plan
• Environnemental Compliance Audit
HYDROGEN IS A NEW LOW CARBON FUEL SOURCE THAT COULD BE USED ACROSS A BROAD
RANGE OF APPLICATIONS TO MEET EXISTING AND FUTURE SOURCES OF ENERGY DEMAND

HYDROGEN ROLE IN ENERGY

HYDROGEN ECONOMY VALUE CHAIN
TRANSITION

• Hydrogen is a versatile, clean, and safe energy carrier

that can be used as fuel for power or in industry as
feedstock.
• It can be categories into grey, blue, turquoise and green
hydrogen based on its production technology.
• Green hydrogen can be produced from (renewable)
electricity and from carbon-abated fossil fuels. It
produces zero emissions at point of use. It can be stored 3
and transported at high energy density in liquid or
gaseous form. 3
• It can be combusted or used in fuel cells to generate
heat and electricity.
• There are 3 basic Steps of Hydrogen Economy Value
Chain, which are: 2
1. Hydrogen production/ generation 3
2. Hydrogen Transport and Storage
3. Hydrogen Utilization
a) Transportation 1
b) Industrial
c) Power Generation
• Portable Source: https://www.triplepundit.com/story/2016/us-pumps-30-million-more-hydrogen-economy/22281
• Stationary
HYDROGEN ROLE IN THE POWER INDUSTRY CAN BE ATTRIBUTED TO 4 MAJOR PERSPECTIVES
GREEN HYDROGEN
PRODUCTION
• Trend toward solar, biomass,
mini-hydro and wind leading may
lead to surplus of renewable
electricity.
• There is a possibility for a hybrid
system of FSPV-hydro to minimize
hydro costs by utilizing
underutilized hydro water bodies,
as well as optimizing FSPV cost
due to shared interconnection
facility  power generated could
be used to power up electrolyser
for green hydrogen production
HYDROGEN ENERGY
STORAGE
• The inherent potential of Hydrogen
as a good ‘Energy carrier’ enable H2
to act as buffer to increase system
resilience.
• In comparison with other energy
storage and energy carrier
technologies, Hydrogen possess the
potential in having a long discharge
duration and large capacity
• This attributes are good to meet the
requirements for high power and
long duration needs of heavy
transportation and industrial sector.
DECARBONISATION POWER GENERATION
PATHWAY APPLICATION
• Hydrogen application for power
• Carbon Capture and Utilisation
through hydrogenation pathway. generation could be divided into
• Hydrogenation of CO2 into portable or stationary power
valuable products generation.
• In terms of technology, they can
either be :
a) Hydrogen Fuel cellSome
companies around the
world are adopting fuel cells
for primary and backup
power ( commercial
application)
b) Hydrogen Turbine ( R&D
and demo stage)
c) Co-firing with coal in the
form of ammonia or H2 gas
(( R&D and demo stage)
 TO SUPPORT THE ROLE OF POWER INDUSTRY IN HYDROGEN ECONOMY, R&D SET OF
TARGETS ACROSS HYDROGEN VALUE CHAIN HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED

GOAL SET OF TARGETS TO ACHIEVE APPROACH/ ACTIONS

Hydrogen supply chain
Blue H2

Cost reduction through technology development
Strategic partnership from blue hydrogen source
System cost of water electrolysis from solar
Green H2
Reduce production cost from biomass gasification for blue H2
Identify strategic partner and supply chain sustainability
establishment
Establish UPC cost and and technology selection
R&D :Scaling-up and improving efficiency of biomass gasifier for
H2 production through water gas shift reaction
Syndications, meeting etc. Producer of ammonia, low carbon
methane etc
Biogas from food waste pyrolysis
R&D: Development of electrolyzer with higher efficiency and

durability
Floating solar- hydro hybrid for H2 production Regulatory reform and technology development R& D : Designated project for demonstration tests of several
technoeconomic feasibility
Bio-hydrogen Technology development. Establish Production cost from bio-green The approach is not economically viable. Contribution is
H2 and % contribution to H2 requirement insignificant
CCU demonstration plant thru hydrogenation Establishment of CCU demo plant at TNB coal fired power plant Ongoing R&D since 2011. Demo plant
Decarbo
nisation

pathway
Strategic partnership from blue hydrogen source Identify strategic partner R&D: Storage and transport of H2
Hydrogen utilisation

Establish UPC t of hydrogen storage / transport and technology Liquid or metal anhydrite
selections
Storage
Energy

Portable FC Establishment of hydrogen/methanol FC as main or back up power R&D: The use methanol or hydrogen as the fuel as backup up
supply in remote location. power for LFI in remote application
Stationary fuel cell Life extension of retiring Gas Fired power plant using hydrogen R&D: Technoeconomic feasibility of solid oxide fuel cell for
economy. stationary and portable FC application.
Establishment of JV with Strategic Partner Demo project
Power

Hydrogen Turbine and Hydrogen ready turbine Support TNB readiness in terms of techno-economic viability and Refer to the next slide
Co-firing ESG strategies
 TNB THROUGH ITS RESEARCH ARM TNB RESEARCH HAS BEEN WORKING ON R &D PROGRAM ON
HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGIES FROM VARIOUS ANGLE

1 GREEN HYDROGEN
PRODUCTION POTENTIAL
IN TNB
3 HYDROGEN FOR
DECARBONIZATION 5 TWO-STAGE
• Completed R&D
project on the
alternative method
Demonstration of CO2 Utilisation technology ANAEROBIC
Desktop study on techno-economic for green hydrogen
through hydrogenation pathway DIGESTION FOR
feasibility of green hydrogen
production through
production through electrolysis • On-going R&D project on the utilization of CO2 through GREEN HYDROGEN
two stage AD
technology renewable hydrogenation pathway. CO2 is converted into PRODUCTION
other chemicals through methanation reaction with process of organic
To establish the most technoeconomic pathway for
hydrogen. waste via
FSPV hydro hybrid including in BESS and green
integration with
hydrogen production that leads to optimum • A modular mobile unit will be developed as a test bed for
biogas plant.
contribution towards TNB Net Zero emissions target hydrogenation of CO2. Various catalyst used will result in
by 2050 desired chemicals such as methane, methanol, DME etc,
depending on the market demand.

CO-FIRING OF 6
2 HYDROGEN WITH COAL
Collaboration with Petronas
IMPACT OF VRE ON
REGENERATIVE
and IHI FUEL CELL
Ongoing project focuses on develop a Hydrogen APPLICATION
Roadmap for TNB and techno-economic assessment • Accelerating green
of the hydrogen deployment potential in the mobility through

4
Malaysian energy value chain and deployment risk A TECHNO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT the application of
assessment on TNB’s current gas turbine and coal- hydrogen to
OF HYDROGEN AS A POWER
fired assets. support green
GENERATION FUEL FOR TNB POWER charging station
PLANTS
• On-going R&D project on the technical feasibility
of co-firing sub-bituminous coal with hydrogen in
ammonia form.
THE KEY COMPONENTS TO BE CONSIDERED IN DEVELOPING THE ROADMAP FOR HYDROGEN
APPLICATION FOR POWER GENERATION THAT HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED BY TNB RESEARCH

Overall H2 outlook H2 future for TNB

Qualification FEED End of Coal power
2030 generation

TNB co-firing adoption

Energy Transition
2025

Tech Feasible Options

TNB Readiness
2022

Coal co-firing feasibility/

GT risk assessments/readiness technology assessments

Transport & storage feasibility H2 production upscaling

options

2021
Available technology @ pilot scale Electrolyser/reformer POC
ACCELERATING ADOPTION OF GREEN HYDROGEN APPLICATION IN POWER INDUSTRIES

Issue
Issue Issue

1 2
Overall H2 outlook

ECONOMIC
VIABILITY
• Significant inefficiencies and costs in H2
production route. Two-thirds of the electrical
energy input is currently lost in production
• Sector coupling between energy sectors to
maximize the synergies
• Harmonizing regulations and standards among
international players- cross-border trade and
collaboration
• Establishment of long-term contracts and off-
take agreements between green hydrogen
producers and user – could reduce risk and
uncertainty
H2 TECHNOLOGY
ECOSYSTEM MATURITY
• Advancement in electrolysis and other
• Government support – Clear
green hydrogen production technology.
policy and regulatory
Eg: increase in stack size from 1MW to
20MW could reduce the production cost
• Government and industry support
by 1/3)
on large scale demo plant
• Hydrogen storage technology maturity
• Skills development and workforce
training
• Infrastructure development
• Strategic location of
hydrogen production
facilities
• Retrofit existing infra
For further info, please contact:-

Ir. Ts. Noraziah Muda

Head,
Renewable Energy and Green Technology
TNB Research Sdn Bhd

+6016.444.7675

noraziah.omar@tnb.com.my

www.tnbr.com.my

No 1, Lorong Ayer Itam

Kawasan Institusi Penyelidikan,
43000, Kajang, Selangor
MALAYSIA