Compiled by Dr.

Jai Santhosh Manikandan

PERIODONTICS

BOOK REFERRED: NEWMAN AND CARRANZA’S CLINICAL

PERIODONTOLOGY 3RD SOUTH ASIAN EDITION

CHAPTER 1- GINGIVA
ESSAY
1. Describe the normal microscopic features of the gingiva. (APR 2003)
2. Define the features of clinically healthy gingival. (OCT 2003)
3. Discuss the macroscopic and microscopic features of the gingiva. (AUG 2006)
4. Define Gingiva. Describe the microscopic and macroscopic features of human keratinized
oral mucosa. (FEB 2007)
5. Describe the clinical and microscopic features of Gingiva. (FEB 2012, AUG 2013, AUG
2018)
6. Define gingiva. Discuss micro and macroscopic features of gingival. (FEB 2014)
7. Define gingiva. Compare and contrast the clinical and Histological features of normal
gingiva with the clinical and histopathological features of chronic gingivitis. (AUG 2016)

SHORT NOTES
1. Gingival sulcus. (APR 2001, AUG 2012)
2. Junctional epithelium. (APR 2001, SEP 2002, AUG 2004, AUG 2005, FEB 2019)
3. Gingival fibers. (APR 2003, FEB 2020)
4. Attached gingiva. (APR 2004, FEB 2017)
5. Stucture and functions of attached gingiva. (NOV 2001)
6. Role of cells present in gingiva. (FEB 2005)
7. Gingival collagen fibers. (FEB 2005)
8. Gingival pigmentation. (AUG 2005)
9. Classification of gingival fibres. (AUG 2009, FEB 2019)
10. Role of mast cells in gingiva. (AUG 2009)
11. Mast cell. (AUG 2013)
12. Width of attached gingiva. (FEB 2015)

ESSAY - 7
SHORT NOTES -12

CHAPTER 2- TOOTH SUPPORTING STRUCTURES

ESSAY
1. Describe the microscopic features of the periodontal ligament. Add a note on its functions.
(APR 2001)
2. Discuss the functions of the periodontal ligament. (APR 2004)
3. Define cementum. Discuss the types of cementum. (AUG 2004)
4. Write about the cells and fibres of the periodontal ligament.What area functions of
periodontal ligament? (AUG 2005)
5. Discuss the principle fibres of the periodontal ligament along with its functions. (FEB
2007)
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

6. Define periodontal ligament. Classify, Histology, Functions and theories of stock

absorption of periodontal ligament. (AUG 2007)
7. Define and classify cementum. Add a note on cementum repair and Resorption. (FEB
2009)
8. Describe the structure of cementum and add a note on the clinical significance of
cemento-enamel junction. (AUG 2009)
9. Discuss periodontal ligament in detail. (AUG 2014)
10. Classify Cementum and describe in detail about Cementum. (FEB 2016)

SHORT NOTES
1. Functions of the periodontal ligament. (NOV 2001)
2. The different parts of alveolar bone. write about the clinical significance of lamina dura .
(NOV 2001)
3. Biologic importance of cementum. (APR 2003)
4. Sharpeys fibres. (OCT 2003)
5. Acellular cementum. (OCT 2003, APR 2004)
6. Types of cementum. (APR 2004)
7. Periodontal ligament fibres. (AUG 2004, FEB 2012)
8. Fibers of periodontal ligament. (FEB 2005)
9. Fenestration and dehiscence. (FEB 2005, AUG 2008)
10. Principal fibresof periodontal ligament. (FEB 2005, FEB 2008, AUG 2019)
11. Importance of dentogingival junction. (AUG 2006)
12. Dento gingival unit. (AUG 2004)
13. Nerve supply of Periodontium. (AUG 2004)
14. Causes of hypercementosis. (AUG 2009)
15. Periodontal fibres. (AUG 2013)
16. Bundle bone. (AUG 2016)
17. Hypercementosis. (AUG 2016, AUG 2017)
18. CEJ. (FEB 2017)
19. Functions of periodontal ligament. (AUG 2017)
20. Differentiate cellular and a cellular cementum. (FEB 2018)

ESSAY - 10
SHORT NOTES - 20

CHAPTER 3 - DEFENSE MECHANISM OF GINGIVA

ESSAY:

1. Discuss the composition and significance of Gingival Crevicular Fluid.(AUG 2015)

SHORT NOTES:

1. Periotron(APR 2001)
2. Gingival crevicular fluid(APR 2003)(AUG 2004)(AUG 2005)(FEB 2009)(AUG 2016)
3. Chemotaxis(AUG 2004)
4. Functions of saliva(AUG 2004)(FEB 2017)
5. Function of gingival fluid(AUG 2005)(NOV 2001)(FEB 2015)
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

6. Different methods of collection of gingival crevicular fluid(APR2004)(FEB 2006)

7. Neutrophils(AUG 2004)
8. Cytokines(FEB 2005)
9. Clinical significance of gingival crevicular fluid.(FEB 2008)
10. Role of saliva in defense mechanism(FEB 2012)
11. Methods of collection of gingival crevicular fluid and composition.(AUG2013)(AUG
2019)
12. Trans - endothelial migration(FEB 2015)(FEB 2017)
ESSAY: 1

SHORT NOTES: 12

CHAPTER 4 - AGING AND THE PERIODONTIUM

ESSAY:

1. Write about the age changes in the periodontium(AUG 2004)

SHORT NOTES:

1. Age changes in periodontium(FEB 2011)

ESSAY: 1

SHORT NOTES: 1

CHAPTER 5 - CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES AND CONDITIONS AFFECTING

THE PERIODONTIUM

ESSAY:

1. Classify periodontitis. Describe the clinical features , microbiology and immunological

aspects of juvenile periodontitis. Briefly outline its arrangement. ( NOV 2001)
2. Classify periodontis. describe the etiology,clinical features , radiographic, appearance and
management of localised juvenile periodontitis (APR2003)
3. Classify periodontal diseases and conditions.(AUG 2017)
SHORT NOTES:

1. Linear gingival erythema(FEB 2012)

2. Mucogingival deformity(FEB 2015)
ESSAY: 3

SHORT NOTES: 2
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

CHAPTER-6 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF GINGIVAL & PERIODONTAL DISEASE

ESSAYS:

Nil

SHORT NOTES:

1. Russell's periodontal Index(April 2003)(April 2004)(Aug 2004)(Aug 2012)

2. Classify etiological factors of periodontal diseases(Sep 2002)

ESSAYS:0

SHORT NOTES:2

CHAPTER-7 PERIODONTAL DISEASE PATHOGENESIS

ESSAY:

Nil

SHORT NOTES:

1. Cytokines(Feb 2011)(Aug 2013)(Feb 2016)(Feb 2017)

2. Interleukins(Feb 2012)

ESSAYS:0

SHORT NOTES:2

CHAPTER- 8 BIOFILM AND PERIODONTAL MICROBIOLOGY

ESSAYS:

1. Define plaque. Write about classification, composition and formation of dental plaque.
(FEB 2006, AUG 2006{2}, AUG 2017)
2. Define and classify dental plaque. Write about structure formation and significance of
dental plaque. (FEB 2016)
3. Define dental plaque, classify dental plaque , describe the stages of dental plaque
formation. (AUG 2008)
4. Define plaque. Describe the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.
(AUG 2010)
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

SHORT NOTES:

1. Specific plaque (APRL 2004{2}, AUG 2016,FEB 2006.)

2. Pregnancy gingivitis. (APRL 2004)
3. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitants (AUG 2004)
4. Microscopic structure of dental plaque. (FEB 2005{2}).
5. P.gingivalis ( FEB 2005)
6. Non – specific plaque. (FEB 2007)
7. Formation of dental plaque. (AUG 2007)
8. Gingival changes in pregnancy. (AUG 2008)
9. Plaque hypothesis. (FEB 2009,AUG 2019)
10. Agregatibacter actinomycetemcomitants (AUG 2012)
11. Supra vs subgingival. (AUG 2014)
12. Microbial specificity. (SEP2002)
13. Subgingival plaque. (APRL 2003,APRL 2001)
ESSAYS: 4

SHORT NOTES: 13

CHAPTER -9 SMOKING AND PERIODONTAL DISEASES

SHORT NOTES:

1. Microbiological, immunologic, physiologic changes in periodontium associated with

smoking. (FEB 2005)
2. Smoking in periodontal health. (AUG 2015)
ESSAY – nil

SHORT NOTES : 2

CHAPTER- 10 ROLE OF DENTAL CALCULUS AND OTHER PREDISPOSING

FACTORS

ESSAY:

1. Define dental calculus. Enumerate theories of dental calculus. (Feb 2014) (Oct 2003)

1) Define dental calculus. Enumerate theories of mineralization and attachment dental

calculus. (Aug 2019)
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

SHORT NOTES:

1.Material alba (Apr 2004) (Apr 2004)

2.Plunger cusp (Apr 2004) (Apr 2004)

2) Theories of calculus formation (Aug 2004) (Aug 2004) (Aug 2004) (Feb 2006)

3) Modes of attachment of calculus (Feb 2007) (Feb 2008)

4) Theories of mineralization of calculus (Feb 2007)

5) Difference between supragingival and subgingival calculus. (Aug 2012) (Apr 2004)

6) Composition of dental calculus (Feb 2015)

7) Subgingival calculus (Apr 2001)

ESSAY- 2

SHORT NOTES- 10

CHAPTER 11 - INFLUENCE OF SYSTEMIC CONDITION ON PERIODONTIUM

ESSAY:

SHORT NOTES:

1) Role of diabetes on the periodontium (Feb 2007)

2) Psychosomatic disorders (Feb 2013)

ESSAY- 0

SHORT NOTES- 2

CHAPTER 12 : GINGIVAL INFLAMMATION

SHORT NOTES :

1.Pathways of gingival inflammation ( SEP-2002 )

2.Stages in gingivitis ( FEB-2009 ),( AUG-2018 )

ESSAY : nil

SHORT NOTES : 2
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

CHAPTER 13 : CLINICAL FEATURES OF GINGIVITIS

ESSAY :

1.Define Muco gingival Surgery and write about various procedures and discuss about
management of gingival recession ( FEB-2011 ),( FEB-2005 )

2.Discuss the causes of gingival bleeding and its management ( AUG-2013 ),( AUG-2005 )

3.Define gingival recession. Discuss the treatment for coverage of denuded roots ( APR-
2004 )

4.Write about the clinical features , histopathology, the different zones, the etiology and
treatment of NUG ( APR-2004 )

5.What is gingival recession? Give its classification, clinical features and management of
localised gingival recession in detail.(any one method) ( APR-2004 )

SHORT NOTES :

1.Etiology of gingival recession ( OCT-2003 )

2.Gingival Bleeding ( OCT-2003 ),( AUG-2015 ),( AUG-2019 )

3.Gingival recession ( APR-2001 )

4.Causes of gingival bleeding ( NOV-2001 )

5.Stillman’s Clefts ( AUG-2010 )

6.Millers gingival recession classification ( FEB-2014 )

7.Junctional epithelium. ( AUG-2015 )

8.Local factors of gingival bleeding ( APR-2004 )

9.Classification of gingival recession ( APR-2004 )

ESSAY : 5

SHORT NOTES : 9
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

CHAPTER 14 - GINGIVAL ENLARGEMENT

ESSAY

1. Classify gingival enlargements .Describe in detail the clinical features , histopathology of

drug induced gingival enlargements [ feb 2006 sep 2002 feb 2011 aug 2004]
2. Classify gingival enlargement discuss about idiopathic gingival enlargement [ feb 2013 ]
3. Define gingivectomy. Describe in detail its indications and surgical Procedure [ aug 2016 ]
SHORT NOTES

1. Angiogranuloma [ apr 2001 ]

2. Vit. C deficiency [ oct 2003 feb 2005 feb 2013]
3. Dilantin gingival enlargement [ apr 2004 ]
4. Plasma cell gingivitis [ apr 2004 aug 2007 aug 2012 ]
5. Drug induced gingival overgrowth. [ aug 2005 feb 2007 bfeb 2009 feb 2014 aug 2017]
6. Idiopathic gingival enlargement. [ aug 2013 aug 2019 ]
7. Scurvy [ feb 2016 ]
8. Gingival enlargement in pregnancy [ feb 2006 ].

ESSAY - 3
SHORT NOTES - 8

CHAPTER – 15 ACUTE GINGIVAL INFECTIONS

ESSAY

1. Discuss clinical, histopathological features and treatment of ANUG(Acute Necrotising

Ulcerative Gingivitis) [ aug 2014 aug 2007]
2. Clinical features and management of ANUG [ feb 2019 ]

SHORT NOTES

1. Clinical features of acute herpetic gingiva stomatitis [nov 2001 ]

2. Clinical features and treatment of A.N.U.G [ feb 2006 aug 2004 ]
3. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis [aug 2004 aug 2005]
4. Recurrent apthous ulceration [ aug 2009 ]
5. Pericoronitis [ feb 2011 aug 2015 aug 2016 ]
6. Etiology of ANUG. [ feb 2012 ]
7. Management of Acute Necrotising Ulcerative Gingivitis [ sep 2002 feb 2007 aug 2015 ]
8. Clinical features of pericoronitis [ aug 2005 ]
9. Difference between necrotising ulcerative gingival and primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
[ aug 2005 ]
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

10. Junctional Epithelium differences between ANUG and Herpetic gingivo stomatitis.[ feb
2006 ]

ESSAY – 2
SHORT NOTES - 10

CHAPTER 16 - DESQUAMATIVE GINGIVITIS

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Clinical features of desquamative gingivitis (feb 2005)

2. Desquamative gingivitis (feb 2011, feb 2014)

ESSAY - nil

SHORT ANSWERS: 2

CHAPTER 17 - PERIODONTAL POCKET

ESSAY

1. Define and classify pockets .write about the clinical features and contents of the pockets
(feb 2005)
a. Define and classify pockets. Write in detail about the pathogenesis and
histopathological changes that occur during pocket formation (April 2001)
b. Define periodontal pocket. Discuss the pathogenesis histopathology, contents and
management of pocket (aug 2012 , feb 2015)
2. Define a periodontal pocket. Classify periodontal pocket . Write about gingivectomy
procedure (aug 2005)
3. Define periodontal pocket. Classify periodontal pockets and methods of eliminating
periodontal pockets. Write in detail about gingivectomy procedure including indications
and contra indications (aug 2006)

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Periodontal pocket (April 2001)

2. difference between suprabony and infrabony pockets (sep 2002, aug 2014, feb 2006, feb
2020)
3. Infrabony pocket (oct 2003)
4. Contents of periodontal pocket (aug 2005, feb 2013 , feb 2018)
5. Classification of periodontal pocket (feb 2016)
6. Root surface changes in periodontal pocket (aug 2019)
7. Pathogenesis of periodontal pocket (feb 2006)
ESSAY : 3

SHORT ANSWER : 7
 CHAPTER 19 - ABSCESS OF PERIODONTIUM

ESSAY:

1. Define periodontal abscess. Write in detail about etiology, classification, clinical features
and management of periodontal abscess ( April 2004)
SHORTNOTES :

1. Gingival abscess ( Nov 2001, Feb 2014 )

2. periodontal abscess ( April 2004,Aug 2013, Aug 2018 )

3. Differences between periodontal abscess and periapical abscess (Feb 2005 )

4. Clinical features of periodontal abscess (Feb 2006)

5. Treatment for pericoronities ( Aug 2008)

ESSAY: 1

SHORT ANSWERS: 5

CHAPTER 20 - BONE LOSS AND PATTERNS OF BONE DESTRUCTION

ESSAY :

1. Define and classify furcations. Write treatment of grade ll furcation involvement (Aug
2004, Aug 2005 )

2. Define furcation. Discuss the classification and management of furcation ( SEP 2002, Feb
2005)

3.Define trauma from occlusion. Classify trauma from occlusion. Explain the detail of
histopathological changes and role of trauma from occlusion in periodontal diseases (Feb
2005)

4. Define and classify furcations. Write about the treatment of grade ll and grade lll furcation
involvements ( Aug 2006)

5. Describe the causes and mechanisms of bone loss in periodontitis ( Aug 2006)

6. Define trauma from occlusion. Describe various stages of response to increased occlusal
forces. Add a note on its radiological features ( Feb 2007)

7. Define trauma from occlusion. Describe the types of trauma from occlusion. Add a note
on its role on etiology of periodontal abscess ( Feb 2008)

SHORT NOTES :

1. osseous craters ( April 2004,aug 2017)

 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

2. bone destruction pattern in periodontal diseases ( April 2004,Aug 2004)

3.Trauma from occlusion ( Aug 2004)

4. Classification of furcation involvement ( Aug 2004)

5.Stages of tissue response after trauma from occlusion (Feb 2005)

6. Furcation of periodontal ligament ( Aug 2005)

7.pathological migration (SEP 2002 ,April 2003, Aug 2005)

8.Treatment of grade ll furcation involvement ( Feb 2006)

9. Trauma from occlusion ( Aug 2007)

10. Food impaction ( Aug 2008,Feb 2013)

11. Fenestration and dehiscence ( April 2003,Feb 2005, Aug 2006,Aug 2008)

12. Classify furcation involvement ( Aug 2008)

13. Osseous defect ( April 2004)

14. Hemi section ( Aug 2004)

15. Etiology and classification of food impaction ( Sept 2002)

16. Patterns of bone destruction ( Aug 2012)

17.bone lipping ( Feb 2015,Aug 2016)

18. Intra Osseous defects ( Aug 2016)

ESSAY: 7

SHORT ANSWERS: 18

CHAPTER - 20 PERIODONTAL RESPONSE TO EXTERNAL FORCES

I. ESSAY:

Nil
II.SHORT ANSWERS:
1.Radiographic feature of Trauma from occlusion[Feb 2006]
2.Acute and chronic trauma from occlusion[Feb 2012]
3.Causes of pathologic tooth migration[Feb 2012]
4.Trauma from occlusion[Aug 2012,Aug 2014,Feb 2019]
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

5.Secondary trauma from occlusion[Feb 2016]

6.Pathologic tooth migration[Feb 2018]

ESSAY:0

SHORT ANSWERS:6

CHAPTER – 21 CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS AND NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE

PERIODONTITIS

I. ESSAY:
1.Discuss etiology, histopathology, clinical features and treatment of adult periodontitis.[Feb
2009]
II.SHORT ANSWERS:
1. Clinical features of Chronic Periodontitis[Aug 2017]

ESSAY:1

SHORT ANSWERS:1

CHAPTER - 22 AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS

ESSAY :

1. Define localized juvenile periodontitis and explain its characteristic features. Discuss in
detail the treatment plan in a known case of localized juvenile periodontitis ( February
2005 )
2. Discuss the etiology, histopathology, clinical features and treatment of Aggressive
Periodontitis ( February 2017 )
3. Classify periodontitis. Describe the clinical features , microbiology and immunological
aspects of juvenile periodontitis. Briefly outline its arrangement ( November 2001 )
4. classify periodontis. describe the etiology,clinical features , radiographic, appearance and
management of localised juvenile periodontitis (April 2003)

SHORT NOTES :

1. Radiological features of aggressive (February 2005 )

2. Neutrophil chemotactic defect ( August 2005 )
3. Aggressive periodontitis ( August 2006 )
4. Localised aggressive periodontics ( February 2007 )
5. Papillon-Lefevrs syndrome ( February 2008 )
6. pre-pubertal periodontitis ( September 2002 )
7. radiological features of aggressive periodontitis ( February 2005 )
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

8. Treatment of juvenile periodontitis ( April 2003)

9. Etiology,radiological features and clinical features of Juvenile periodontitis ( September
2002 )

ESSAY: 4

SHORT NOTES: 9

CHAPTER -23 PATHOLOGY AND MANGEMENT OF PERIODONTIC

PROBLEMS IN PATIENT WITH HIV INFECTION

ESSAY :

Nil

SHORT NOTES:

1. management of HIV infected case ( august 2004 )

2. Oral manifestations of acquired immuno deficiency syndrome ( April 2001)
3. Aids and perodontium ( February 2004 )
4. Periodontal manifestations in AIDS ( august 2015 )
5. HIV Associated Periodontics ( august 2007 )

ESSAY: 0

SHORT NOTES: 5

CHAPTER 24: IMPACT OF PERIODONTAL INFECTION ON SYSTEMIC

HEALTH

ESSAY:

1. Write in detail the systemic diseases causing periodontal manifestations (Aug 2010)
2. Define periodontal medicine. Discuss the effects of periodontal diseases on systemic
health (Feb 2018)
3. Write about relation between periodontal diseases and preterm low weight babies (Feb
2020)

SHORT NOTES:

1. Periodontal manifestations in pregnancy (Aug 2005)

ESSAY: 3

SHORT NOTES: 1
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

CHAPTER 25: PERIODONTAL EXAMINATION AND DIAGNOSIS

ESSAY:

1. Write in detail recent trends in diagnostic aids (Aug 2006)

SHORT NOTES:

1. Tooth mobility (April 2004, Aug 2005, Aug 2006, Feb 2013, Feb 2017, Aug 2018, Oct
2003, April 2003)
2. DNA probe (Feb 2005, Aug 2006, Aug 2007, Feb 2013, Aug 2006{2}, Sept 2002)
3. Bruxism (Aug 2005, Aug 2008, April 2003)
4. Periodontal screening and recording system (Aug 2007)
5. Wasting disease of teeth (Aug 2010, Feb 2014)
6. Miller’s tooth mobility (Aug 2010)
7. Fremitus test (Feb 2020)
8. Diagnostic sides in periodontics (April 2003)

ESSAY: 1

SHORT NOTES: 8

CHAPTER-26 RADIOGRAPHIC AID IN DIAGNOSIS OF PERIODONTAL

DISEASES

SHORT NOTES:

1. Role of radiographs in periodontal diagnosis. (Nov 2001)

2. Lamina dura. (Oct 2003, Aug 2005, Aug 2019)

3. Subtraction radiography. (Aug 2007)

ESSAY: nil

SHORT NOTES:3

CHAPTER-27 CLINICAL RISK FACTORS

 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

ESSAY:

1. Define risk factor. Write in detail the risk factors for periodontal diseases. (Aug 2006)

2. Discuss the risk factors associated with periodontitis. (Aug 2012)

SHORT NOTES:

1. Risk factor. (Aug 2007)

2. Role of stress in periodontitis. (Aug 2017)

3. Risk indicators. (Aug 2017)

4. Risk assessment. (Feb 2018)

ESSAY:2

SHORT NOTES:4

CHAPTER 28 - DETERMINATION OF PROGNOSIS

ESSAY

1.Define prognosis . How will you determine the prognosis of a patient suffering from
periodontitis ( APR 2003 )

2.Define prognosis. Discuss the factors considered for individual tooth prognosis in a
periodontal patient in detail ( AUG 2004 )

3.Discuss the various factors considered to determine prognosis ( FEB 2015 )

4.Define Prognosis. Discuss in detail the role of determining prognosis in the management of
periodontal disease. ( FEB 2017 )

5.Define prognosis? Discuss the factors which influence the individual prognosis of a tooth?
( FEB 2019 )

SHORT NOTES

1.factors to be considered for overall prognosis ( NOV 2001 )

2.Individual tooth prognosis ( NOV 2001 )( AUG 2005 )

ESSAYS - 5
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

SHORT NOTES - 2

CHAPTER 29 - RATIONALE FOR PERIODONTAL TREATMENT AND

TREATMENT PLAN

SHORT NOTES

1.Treatment plan ( FEB 2013 )

ESSAYS - 0

SHORT NOTES - 1

CHAPTER- 30 PERIODONTAL TREATMENT OF MEDICALLY COMPROMISED

PATIENTS AND PATIENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

ESSAY:

1) List out the periodontal management of medically compromised individuals and write in
detail about periocardiosis and periodiabetes. {AUG 2005}
SHORT ANSWERS:

1) Management of a patient with a history of rheumatic heart disease. {AUG 2006}

2) Antibiotic prophylaxis in endocarditis {AUG2009}
3) Diabetes as a risk factor in periodontal disease {AUG 2010}
4) Periodontal changes in diabetes {FEB 2016}
5) Influence of Diabetes Mellitus on the Periodontium {FEB 2020}
ESSAY: 1

SHORT NOTES : 5

CHAPTER- 31 TREATMENT OF AGGRESSIVE AND ATYPICAL FORMS OF

PERIODONTITIS.

Nil

CHAPTER: 32 TREATMENT OF ACUTE GINGIVAL DISEASES

Nil

CHAPTER: 33 TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL ABSCESS

Nil

CHAPTER-34 PHASE I PERIOTHERAPY

Nil
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

CHAPTER -35 PLAQUE BIOFILM CONTROL

I.ESSAY
1. Define plaque control.Write in detail about mechanical plaque control. (Aug2015)
2. Enumerate various brushing technique.Discuss any on technique in detail with
diagram.(Aprl2004)
3. Define dental plaque,classify and write about its formation composition and discuss about
antiplaque and disclosing agents.(Aug 2005)
II.SHORT NOTES
1. Disclosing agents.(Aug 2004) (Feb 2005) (Aug 2009) (Aug 2013)
2. Interdental cleaning aids (Aug 2004) (Aug 2006) (Aug2008) (Aug 2017)
3. Irrigation devices(Feb 2005)
4. Oral physiotherapy(Feb 2006) (Feb 2009)
5. Powered tooth brushes(Apl 2001) (Aug 2006) (Feb 2008)
6. Managment of dentinal hypersensitivity (Aug 2010) (Feb 2006)
7. Dentrifrices(Aug 2012)
8. Co-aggregation (Aug 2014)
9. Prophy jat.(Aug 2005)

ESSAY - 3
SHORTNOTES -9

CHAPTER 36: PERIODONTAL INSTRUMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION

ESSAY :
1. Classify periodontal instruments. Write in detail about indications and contraindications
of ultrasonics in periodontics. (feb 2007)( aug 2007)

SHORT NOTES:
1. Types of periodontal probes. ( april 2004)
2. Instrument stabilization. ( aug 2004)
3. Difference between universal curette and gracey curette. (feb 2005)
4. Difference between universal and area specific curette. ( feb 2005)
5. Periodontal surgical instruments. ( feb 2005)
6. Gracey curette. (aug 2005)( aug 2008)( aug 2015)( feb 2020)( nov 2001)
7. Polishing instrument. (feb 2006)( feb 2018) ( aug 2019)
8. Classify periodontal probe. Add a note on its uses. ( feb 2006)
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

9. Florida probe. (aug 2006)

10. Principles of sharpening periodontal instruments. (feb 2007)
11. Dental endoscope. ( aug 2007)
12. Sharpening of instruments. (aug 2012)
13. Scaling instruments. (feb 2013)
14. Sickle scaler. (aug 2013)
15. Second generation periodontal probe. (feb 2015)
16. Universal curette. (feb 2015)
17. Curettes. ( aug 2016)
18. Periotemp. (aug 2018)
19. Periodontal probes. (apr 2001)( apr 2003)
20. Finger rest .(apr 2004)

ESSAY: 1

SHORT NOTES: 20

CHAPTER 37: SCALING AND ROOT PLANNING

ESSAY:
1. Classify periodontal instruments . Write in detail about indications and contraindications
of ultrasonics in dentistry. ( feb 2007)( aug 2007)
SHORT NOTES:
1. Indications and contra indications for ultrasonic scaling. (apr 2004)
2. Sonic and ultrasonic scalers. (aug 2004)
3. Biomechanical root preparation. (aug 2004)
4. Ultrasonic scalers. (aug 2006)( feb 2016)
5. Scaling and root planning. (feb 2014)

ESSAY: 1

SHORT NOTES: 5

CHAPTER 38 : ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY

ESSAY:

Nil
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

SHORT NOTES:

1. Chlorhexidine . (april 2003); (feb 2008);(feb 2011); (feb 2012); (aug 2014); (feb 2019);
(aug 2006)
2. Role of tetracyclines in periodontal diseases. (aug 2009); (feb 2017); (feb 2018); (feb
2006)
3. Local drug delivery . (feb 2007);(aug 2014); (aug 2019)
4. Periochip (feb 2016); (feb 2017)
5. Metronidiazole (feb 2016)
6. Write about “periostat”(feb 2020)
7. Chlorhexidine as antiplaque agent. (feb 2007)

ESSAY: 0

SHORT NOTES: 7

CHAPTER 39 : HOST MODULATION

ESSAY:

Nil

SHORT NOTES:

1. Host modulation therapy. (feb 2014)

2. Host modulation agents. (feb 2019)

ESSAYS: 0

SHORT ANSWERS: 2

CHAPTER:40 - OCCLISAL THERAPY & SPLINTING

SHORT NOTES

1. Periodontal splints (feb-2005, aug-2005, feb-2006, feb-2009)

2. Temporary splints in periodontal therapy (aug-2006)

ESSAY: 0

SHORT NOTES: 2
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

CHAPTER-41 BREATH MALODOUR

SHORT NOTES

1. Halitosis (feb-2005, aug-2018, oct-2003)

2. Methods of identification of malodour (feb-2016)
3. Etiology of oral malodour (aug-2016)

ESSAY: 0

SHORT NOTES: 3

CHAPTER 42 - PHASE 2 PERIODONTAL THERAPY

ESSAY:

1. Name the pocket elimination procedure. write the indication, contre-indications,

advantages and disadvantages of curettage. (Sep-2002)

2. Discuss the role and importance of maintenance phase in periodontal therapy. (Apr-2003)

SHORT NOTES:

1. Critical zones in pocket surgery. (Aug-2007)

2. Importance of maintenance phase in periodontal therapy. (Aug-2007)

3. Maintenance therapy. (Feb-2014)

ESSAY:2

SHORT NOTES:3

CHAPTER 43 - PERIODONTAL AND PERI IMPLANT SURGICAL ANATOMY

Nil

CHAPTER 44 - GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF PERIODONTAL SURGERY

 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

SHORT NOTES:

1. Periodontal dressing (April2004, Aug2007, Feb2007, Feb2008, Feb2009, Aug2010,

Aug2012, Aug2014)

2. Basic principles of periodontal surgery (Aug 2005,Aug 2006)

3. Factor affecting healing of periodontal wound (Aug 2013)

4. Periodontal pack (Feb2018)

ESSAY : 0

SHORT NOTES : 4

CHAPTER - 45 GINGIVAL SURGICAL TECHNIQUE:

ESSAY:

1.Write in detail about the indication , contraindication and different treatment techniques of
gingivetomy April2004

2.Define periodontal pocket .classify periodontal pockets and method of eliminating

periodontal pockets .write in detail about gingivetomy procedure including indication and
contraindication. Aug 2006

SHORT NOTES:

1. Indication of gingivetomy April 2003,2004

2. Surgical instruments for gingivetomy procedure Aug 2004

3. Indication and objectives of subgingival curettage Aug 2005

4. Define gingivetomy and gingivoplasty Feb2006

5. ENAP April 2001,Aug2007,feb2017

6. Gingivectomy Feb 2018

ESSAY : 2

SHORT NOTES : 6
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

CHAPTER 46 - THE PERIODONTAL FLAP

ESSAY :

1. Define and classify flaps. Write in detail about Modified Widman flap, its step by step
procedure, along with its heating. (Nov 2001, Sep 2002, Feb 2005, Feb 2007, Feb 2008,
Aug 2018)
2. Define gingival recession. Classify it and write in detail about lateral repositioning flap
surgery. (Feb 2018)
SHORT NOTES :

1. Indications and contra-indications of flap surgery (Aug 2004, Feb 2005)

2. Modified Widman flap surgery (Aug 2005, Aug 2007)
3. Healing after flap surgery (Feb 2011)
4. Suture materials (Aug 2013, Aug 2017)
5. Papilla preservation flap (Feb 2016)
ESSAY-2

SHORT NOTES-5

CHAPTER 47- TREATMENT OF GINGIVAL ENLARGEMENT

ESSAY :

Nil

SHORT NOTES :

1. Treatment for plasma cell gingivitis (Aug 2007, Feb 2009)

ESSAY : Nil

SHORT NOTES : 1

CHAPTER 48 - RESECTIVE OSSEOUS SURGERY

ESSAY
1. Define osseous surgery Write indications, contraindications, and step by step procedure
of respective osseous surgery. (Aug 2007)
SHORT NOTES
1. Osseous respective surgery (Aug 2006), (Apr 2003)
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

2. Osteoplasty and ostectomy. (Aug 2010), (Feb 2018), (Feb 2006)

ESSAY: 1

SHORT NOTES: 2

CHAPTER 49 - PERIODONTAL RECONSTRUCTIVE AND REGENERATIVE

SURGERY

ESSAY
1. Define regeneration and indication and describe the procedure for regenerative surgery.
(Feb 2006)
2. Define and classify osseous surgery. Discuss in detail regenerative osseous surgery. (Feb
2006), Describe in detal about the correction of osseous cancer.(Apr 2001)
3. Enumerate the procedures to increase the zone of attached gingiva. Describe the
procedure of free gingival autograft. Add a note on its healing. (Aug 2008)
4. Enumerate the periodontal osseous defects. Describe regenerative osseous surgery. (Aug
2009)
5. Classify bone grafts. Describe the various types of bone grafts used in periodontics. (Feb
2012)
6. Define periodontal plastic surgery. Write about different technique used to increase width
of attached gingiva. (Feb 2006)
SHORT NOTES
1. Types of bone graft. (Apr 2004), (Nov 2001)
2. Guided tissue regeneration. (Aug 2004), (Feb 2005), (Feb 2011), (Aug 2014), (Feb 2005),
(Aug 2005)
3. Non bone graft material. (Aug 2004)
4. Excisional new attachment procedure. (Feb 2005)
5. Root Bio modification. (Feb 2005), (Feb 2006), (Feb 2019), (Apr 2004), (Feb 2006)
6. Bone allografts. (Aug 2005), (Feb 2007)
7. New attachment, reattachment and epithelial adaptation. (Aug 2006)
8. Root conditioning. (Aug 2006)
9. Bone Swaging. (Aug 2007)
10. Alloplasts. (Feb 2008), (Aug 2018)
11. Lateral pedicle graft. (Feb 2008)
12. GTR membranes. (Aug 2008)
13. Autogenous bone graft. (Feb 2009), (Feb 2013)
14. Lasers in periodontics. (Feb 2009), (Feb 2019)
15. Bone blend. (Aug 2010)
16. Osseous grafts. (Feb 2011)
17. LANAP. (Feb 2020)
18. Root Conditioners. (Nov 2001), (Sep 2004)
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

ESSAY: 6

SHORT NOTES: 18

CHAPTER 50 - FURCATION INVOLVEMENT AND TREATMENT

I.ESSAY

1. Define and classify furcation involvement. Write the causes and treatment of furcation
involvement. (Sept 2002)

2. Define and classify furcations. Write the treatment of grade II furcation involvement. (Aug
2004)

3. Define furcation. Discuss the classification and management. (Feb 2005) (Feb 2013) (Aug
2019)

4. Define and classify furcation. Describe in detail about management of class II furcation.
(Aug 2005)

5. Define and classify furcation involvement. Discuss the treatment of grade II and grade III
furcation involvement. (Aug 2006)

6. Define and classify furcation involvement. Describe the various modalities of management
of furcation involvement. (Feb 2016)

II. SHORT NOTES

1. Hemisection (Aug 2004) (Apr 2004) (Feb 2019)

2. Treatment of grade II furcation involvement. (Feb 2006)

3. Management of Glickmans grade II furcation. (Aug 2007)

4. Furcation management. (Feb 2011)

5. Treatment of furcation involvement. (Aug 2014)

6. Grade II furcation involvement. (Feb 2015) (Sept 2002)

ESSAY - 6

SHORT NOTES - 6
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

CHAPTER 51 - PERIODONTAL PLASTIC AND ESTHETIC SURGERY

1. Define gingival recession. Discuss the treatment for coverage of denuded roots. (Apr 2004)

2. What is gingival recession? Give its classification, clinical features and management of
localized gingival recession in detail.(any one method) (Aug 2004)

3. Define gingival recession. Classify and discuss the etiology and management of gingival
recession. (Feb 2005)

4. Define mucogingival surgery. Enumerate various mucogingival surgeries. Write in detail

indications, surgical techniques and healing process of vestibuloplasty. (Aug 2006)

5. Classify gingival recession. Write in detail about the surgical procedure for management of
isolated gingival recession. Add a note on its healing (Nov 2001)

II. SHORT NOTES

1. Frenotomy and Frenectomy. (Feb 2007)

2. Classification of soft-tissue grafts in periodontal therapy. (Aug 2009)

3. Frenectomy. (Aug 2012) (Aug 2015) (Apr 2001)

4. Indication for root resection. (Feb 2006)

5. New attachment, Reattachment and epithelial Adaptation. (Aug 2006)

6. Rationale of gingival grafts. (Apr 2001)

7. Indication and procedure for frenectomy. (Sept 2002)

ESSAY - 5

SHORT NOTES - 7

CHAPTER 52 - PERIO MICROSURGERY

SHORT ANSWERS

1.Periodontal microsurgery.(August-2005, February-2011)

ESSAY – nil

SHORT NOTES - 1
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CHAPTER 53 - LASER IN PERIO AND PER-IMPLANT THERAPY

ESSAY

Nil

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Lasers in periodontics (August-2006)

ESSAY: nil

SHORT NOTES: 1

CHAPTER: 54 - DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ENDODONTIC

_PERIODONTIC LESIONS :

ESSAY:

1. Classification, diagnosis and treatment of Endodontic – Periodontic lesions (Feb 2020 )

SHORT NOTES:

1. Retrograde Periodontitis (Nov 2001 ) (Apr 2003 )

ESSAY : 1

SHORT NOTES: 1

CHAPTER: 55 PERIODONTAL RESTORATIVE INTERRELATIONSHIP

SHORT NOTES

1.Crown lengthening Procedure (Feb 2005 )

2.Biologic Width (Aug 2010 ) (Feb 2012 ) (Feb 2016 ) (Aug 2016 ) (Aug 2018 )

ESSAY : 0

SHORT NOTES: 2
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

CHAPTER: 56 ADJUNCTIVE ROLE OF ORTHODONTIC THERAPY

SHORT NOTES:

1.Periodontic complications associated with orthodontic therapy (Aug 2004)

ESSAY :0

SHORT NOTES: 1

CHAPTER-57 SUPPORTIVE PERIODONTAL TREATMENT

ESSAY

Nil

SHORT NOTES:

1. Supportive periodontal therapy. (APL-2001) (AUG-2014)

2. Supportive periodontal therapy and its importance. (FEB-2006)(AUG-2009) (AUG-2018)
3. Rationale for supportive periodontal treatment. (AUG-2008)
4. Merin’s classification. (FEB-2020)

ESSAY: 0

SHORT NOTES: 4

CHAPTER-58-BIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF DENTAL IMPLANT

ESSAY

Nil

SHORT NOTES:

1. Define osteoconduction and osteoinduction. (AUG-2005)

ESSAY: 0

SHORT NOTES: 1

CHAPTER – 59 - DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT PLANNING IN

IMPLANTOLOGY
 Compiled by Dr. Jai Santhosh Manikandan

SHORT NOTES:

1. Osseointegration (FEB 2014) (FEB 2018)

ESSAYS: 0

SHORT NOTES: 1

CHAPTER 60 - SURGICAL CONCEPTS OF IMPLANT THERAPY

Nil

CHAPTER 61 -RESULTS AND COMPLICATIONS OF IMPLANT THERAPY

SHORT NOTES

1. Peri-implantitis. (aug2010)(aug2012)(aug2016)(aug2017)

ESSAY -0
SHORT NOTES -1

CHAPTER 62 - PERI IMPLANT DISEASE, MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORTIVE

IMPLANT THERAPY

SHORT NOTES

1.Maintenance for Dental implant patients.(feb2008)

ESSAY -0
SHORT NOTES- 1