MATRICES

INTRODUCTION TO
MATRICES
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 MATRICES
Matrix is an ordered rectangular array of
numbers (real or complex) or functions
represented inside brackets.

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 ROWS AND COLUMNS OF MATRICES
⮚ The horizontal lines of elements
constitute rows of a matrix
I ROW

II ROW

⮚ The vertical lines of elements constitute

columns of a matrix
III COLUMN
II COLUMN
I COLUMN

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 ROWS AND COLUMNS OF MATRICES
A has 2 Rows and
3 Columns
B has 3 Rows and
3 Columns

C has 2 Rows and 2 Columns

D has 3 Rows and 1 Column

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 ORDER OF A MATRIX
⮚ A matrix having m rows and n columns is
called a matrix of order m × n
Order : 2 × 3

Order: 3 × 3

Order : 2 × 2

Order: 3 × 1
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 ELEMENTS OF A MATRIX

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 ELEMENTS OF A MATRIX

Element of 1st Row and 3rd column

Element of 3rd Row and 1st column

Element of 2nd Row and 4th column
Element of 3rd Row and 3rd column
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 CLASS XII
MATHEMATICS

TYPES OF MATRICES
EQUALITY OF MATRICES
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 TYPES OF MATRICES
Column Matrix
⮚ A matrix is said to be a column matrix if it
has only one column

3×1
4×1
5×1
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 TYPES OF MATRICES
Row Matrix
⮚ A matrix is said to be a Row matrix if it
has only one Row

1×4

1×7

1×3
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 TYPES OF MATRICES
Square Matrix
⮚ A matrix in which number of rows and
columns are equal is called a square matrix

2×2 3×3

4×4
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 DIAGONAL ELEMENTS OF A MATRIX

The elements of diagonal of A are

-1, 9
The elements of diagonal of B are
1, 8,7

The elements of diagonal of C are

3, 2, 3, -3
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 TYPES OF MATRICES
Diagonal Matrix
⮚ A square matrix in which all the non
diagonal elements are zeros is called a
Diagonal matrix

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 TYPES OF MATRICES
Scalar Matrix
⮚ A Diagonal matrix in which all the diagonal
elements are equal is called a Scalar matrix

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 TYPES OF MATRICES
Identity Matrix
⮚ A Square matrix in which all the diagonal
elements are 1 and rest zero is called an
Identity matrix

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 TYPES OF MATRICES
Zero Matrix
⮚ A matrix in which all the elements are 0 is
called a Zero matrix

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 EQUALITY OF MATRICES

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 EQUALITY OF MATRICES

Amit Bajaj amitbajajmaths.com /MakingMathematicsMeaningful

CRPF Public School, Delhi amitbajajcrpf@gmail.com /amitbajajcrpf