MUKTADHARA NURSING INSTITUTION

LESSON PLAN
ON
IMMUNIZATION
PROGRAMME :

SUBJECT : CHILD HEALTH NURSING

TOPIC : IMMUNIZATION

DATE :

GROUP :

PLACE :

METHOD OF TEACHING : Discussion cum demonstration

NAME OF THE EVALUATOR:

 INTRODUCTION

Immunization is a process of protecting an individual from a disease through introduction of live , or killed or

attenuated organisms in the individual system. It is one of the best buys in community health and one of the most cost

effective health interventions. Immunization against vaccine preventable diseases is essential to reduce the child mortality,

and handicapped conditions. It is mass means of protecting the largest number of people from various diseases. It gives

resistance to an infectious diseases by producing or augmenting the immunity. Artificially acquired immunity is developed

by the immunization.

General objective:

The learners will be able to gain adequate knowledge about immunity& immunization and able to develop desirable

attitudes and skills in applying this knowledge in the practice of nursing in various clinical and community settings.
Specific objectives:

The learners will be able to;

1. define immunization & immunity.

2. explain the types of immunity& immunizing agent.

3. explain the National Immunization Schedule.

4. enumerate the vaccines and its administration.

5. brief out the maintenance of cold chain.

6. enlist the nurses responsibility of immunization..

S. Time Contributory
Immunity & Contentrefers to the ability of the
Immunity Student
the help of Learner evaluation
immunization.
No objectives
immunization. human body to resist disease agents teacher
roller board activity
and their toxins through possession of activity
1 1 mit define IMMUNITY
antibodies. Explain with Listening. define
IMMUNIZATION.
Immunization is a process of
protecting an individual from a
disease through introduction of live or Answering.
killed or attenuated organisms in the
individual system

TYPES OF IMMUNITY &

2 2mit explain the IMMUNIZATION AGENT. Explain with Listening What is innate
types of Types of immunity. the help of immunity?
immunity& Innate immunity. chart
Immunizing Physical barriers - skin and mucous
Agent.
membranes

Physiological factors - pH, Answering.

temperature and oxygen tension limit

microbial growth

Protein secretions – lysozyme,

complement, interferons etc

Phagocytic cells – macrophages and

polymorphonuclear leucocytes

Acquire immunity.

Associated with presence of

antibodies from another immune

animal or form exposure to the

disease.

it divided in to;

Active immunity.

Natural-subclinical

Artificial-induced by vaccination.

Passive immunity.

Natural-through placental
Artificial-through antiserum injection.

Immunization can be active or

passive.

 Active immunization.

Live Attenuated Vaccines

Bacterial-BCG, Typhoid,

Plague. Viral-polio,mumps,
Killed vaccines.
Bacterial-pertusis, cholera,
Viral- Rabies, Influenza, etc.
Toxoid.
Tetanus toxoid, DT.

 Passive immunition.
Human sera.
Animal sera.
 Combied both active and
passive immunization.
 Individual immunization.
S. Time Contributory Content Student Learners Evaluation
No objectives teacher activity
activity
3 2Min Explain the NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE: Help listening
National with
immunization BCG and OPV- o dose ohp
schedule DPT-1, OPV – 1 and Hepatitis B-1
DPT-2, OPV – 2 and Hepatitis B-2
DPT-3, OPV – 3 and Hepatitis B-3
Measles
DPT ,OPV and Measles
DPT
TT
BCG: BCG vaccine contains live, viable, attenuated
4 2mit Enumerate the
mycobacteria. Dose
administration
of vaccines Infants (12 months of age and younger): 0.05 mL
and dosage (0.05 mg)
Children (greater than 12 months of age) and
adults:
0.1 mL (0.1 mg)
Route of administration
Reconstituted BCG vaccine should be administered by
intradermal injection into the most superficial layers of the
skin. The area over the deltoid muscle is the preferred
administration site
S.N Time Contributory Content Student Learners Evaluation
o objectives teacher activity
activity
5 10Min enumerate Storage Requirements
maintance of
cold chain Store BCG vaccine in a refrigerator at
+2º C to +8º C. Do not freeze. Store the
reconstituted product in a refrigerator
at +2º C to +8º C and use within 8
hours. Protect from light. Common
and local adverse events Intradermal
administration of BCG vaccine usually
results in the development of erythema
and either a papule or ulceration (in
about 50%), followed by a scar at the
immunization site. Keloid formation
occurs in 2% to 4% of vaccine
recipients. Non-suppurative regional
lymphadenopathy occurs in 1% to
10%. Most reactions are generally mild
and do not require treatment

POLIO VACCINATION :
Oral polio vaccine, sabin
vaccine is a live but attenuated
virus. Storage is best done at 2-10o
c. it is cheaper, easy to administer,
helps to prevent establishment and
spread of wild pathogenic polio
virus in the community. Hence it is
described as community medicine.
Administration :
OPV is administered as 2 drops
directly into the mouth. This should
be followed with the feeding of some
water to ensure absolute ingestion of
the vaccine.
Breast feeding need not be skipped
before and after OPV administration

Pulse polio means simultaneous

mass immunization of all infants and
children under 5 years at a particular
date i.e. National Immunization Day
during winter (usually Dec-Jan)
regardless of their immunization
status. It is over and above the
routine doses of OPV.
Contraindications :
It should be avoided in
children suffering from severe
diarrhea and an acute illness.
Leukemia and
other malignancies
HIV
Adverse reactions:
Mild diarrhea in case
of over dose

DPT VACCINATION :
 DPT (triple) vaccine offers
combined prophylaxis against
diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus. The
vaccine is stored best at a
temperature of 2-10oc.
Administration:
A dose of 0.25 – 0.5 ml of the
triple vaccine is given deep
intramuscularly over the lateral
thigh or the deltoid.
Contraindications:
Severe reaction to previous
DPT injection
Progressive neurologic disease.
Adverse reactions:
Fever and febrile
convulsion Local painful
swelling
Maintance of cold chain.
The ‘cold chain’ is the system
of transporting and storing vaccines
within the safe temperature range of
2˚C to 8˚C
IMPORTANCE OF COLD CHAIN
 Biological products lose
potency with time
 Process irreversible and
accelerated if proper storage
conditions are not adhered
to.
THE EQIPMENT
Walk in cold room
 Deep freezerand ice
line refrigerator
Small freezer
Cold boxes
Vaccine
carrier Day
carrier
Ice packs
S.N Time Contributory Content Student Learners Evaluation
o objectives teacher activity
6 2mit Enlist the 1. Motivation of general people Help with Reading and List out any
nurses about the importance of Handout listening two nurses
responsibility immunization and its responsibility
for child benefits.
immunization 2. Estimation of beneficiaries of
the area and identification of
non-participants and dropouts
of immunization.
3. Organization of immunization
clinics at different health
institutions, immunization
camps, out-reach and home
based services.
4. Arrangement and maintenance
of required amount of vaccines
and other necessary equipments
and materials for the particular
immunization center or clinic.
 Conclusion:

The ideal vaccines should induce permanent immunity, be free of toxic substances, have minimal side effects, not produce
disease to the recipient and be easy administer. From this health education the client, parents , public know the importance of
immunization
BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Books :

1. Achar’s (1989). Text book of Pediatics,2nd edition orient longman publications anna salai ,madras,

2. Ghai O.P., Piysh Gupta, Paul. K.K. (2004) Ghai Essential pediatrics 6th edition New Delhi : CBS Publisher

3. Marilyn J.Hockenberry (2006). Wong’s Essentials of pediatric nursing 7th edition New Delhi : Reed Elsevier India.

4. Suraj Gupte (2009). The short text book of Pediatrics (11th Ed., New Delhi : Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.

5. Marlow(2008). Textbook of pediatric nursing 6th edition Elsevier publishers Philadelphia.

6. Parul data’s pediatric nursing 1st edition saunders publishers.

7. A.Parthasarathy’s IAP Textbook of Pediatrics 4th edition Jaypee publishers.

8. Adele Pillitteri Child Health Nursing Care of the child and family Lippincott publishers.

9. Broadribb’s Introductory Pediatric Nursing 7th edition Lippincott publishers.

Net references:

www.wikipedia.com
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