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Parishram (2025)
Zoology
DPP: 7
Human Reproduction

Q1 Reproductive cycle is the menstrual cycle in Primary follicles in the ovary develop into
(A) Female primates mature graafian follicles
(B) Female non-primates (B) Endometrium of uterus regenerates through
(C) Monkeys, apes and human beings proliferation
(D) Both (A) & (C) (C) Estrogen and Progesterone rise to attain peak
(D) Both (A) & (B)
Q2 The first menstruation is called
(A) Menopause (B) Ovulation Q7 Find the incorrect statement about menstruation.
(C) Menarche (D) Puberty (A) The menstrual flow results due to breakdown
of endometrial lining of the uterus.
Q3 When menstrual cycles cease to occur, it is called
(B) Breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus
(A) Menarche (B) Menopause
and its blood vessels which forms liquid that
(C) Macula densa (D) None of these
comes out through vagina.
Q4 Identify the correct sequence of the events of (C) Menstruation occurs if the released ovum is
menstrual cycle not fertilized.
(A) Follicular phase → Menstrual phase → (D) Lack of menstruation occurs only because of
Ovulation → Luteal phase pregnancy.
(B) Menstrual phase → Ovulation → Follicular
Q8 Hormone that triggers ovulation is
phase → Luteal phase
(A) FSH
(C) Menstrual phase → Follicular phase →
(B) LH
Ovulation → Luteal phase
(C) Estrogen
(D) Menstrual phase → Luteal phase →
(D) GnRH
Ovulation → Follicular phase
Q9 After ovulation, ruptured graafian follicle
Q5 Match the following
changes into
(A) Primordial follicle
(B) Corpus luteum
(C) Corpus albicans
(D) Macula lutea

Q10 Hormone which stimulates follicular

development is
(A) a - iii, b-iv, c- i, d-ii
(B) a-iv, b-iii, c- i, d-ii
(C) a - ii, b - iv, c- i, d-iii
(D) a-i, b-iv, c- iii, d-ii

Q6 Events that occur during follicular phase are

(A)

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(A) A (B) B
(C) C (D) D

Q11 Select the incorrect statement about female

hormonal activity
(A) The secretion of LH and FSH increases
gradually during the follicular phase
(B) LH surge induces rupture of Graafian follicle
and thereby ovulation
(C) The corpus luteum secretes large amounts of
progesterone
(D) Inhibin gives positive feedback to FSH

Q12 In a menstrual cycle, duration of luteal phase is

(A) 14 days
(B) 4 − 5 days
(C) 8 − 10 days
(D) 1 day

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Answer Key
Q1 (D) Q7 (D)

Q2 (C) Q8 (B)

Q3 (B) Q9 (B)

Q4 (C) Q10 (A)

Q5 (B) Q11 (D)

Q6 (D) Q12 (A)

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Hints & Solutions
Note: scan the QR code to watch video solution
Q1 Text Solution:
1. The menstrual cycle is a 28-day reproductive
cycle seen in female primates. Primates include
human females, monkeys, apes, orangutans etc
and are characterized by a flow of blood due to
the shedding of the endometrium lining of the
uterus.
2. The menstrual cycle comprises the menstrual
phase, follicular phase, ovulation phase, and
luteal phase. The initiation of the menstrual cycle
is called Menarche and termination is called
menopause.
3. In non -primate animals, the estrous cycle is
seen wherein blood does not flow and the
endometrium lining is reabsorbed. Mating only
occurs during the estrous period in nonprimates.
Video Solution:
Q2 Text Solution:
Menstruation occurs in female primates like
humans, apes, monkeys, etc.
It occurs in a cyclic manner consisting of four
phases in 28 days. This is also termed as
Menstrual cycle.
The First phase is the menstruation phase which
is from the first to the fifth day of the Menstrual
cycle.
The second phase of the cycle is termed the
Follicular phase which is marked by the follicular
development surrounding the primary oocyte.
The Third phase is known as Ovulation in which
the mature graffian follicle ruptures and releases
the secondary oocyte or the ovum from the
ovary. It occurs on the 14th day of the cycle.
The last or the Fourth phase is known as the
Luteal phase which continues up to the 28th day
of the cycle.
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Menstruation starts from puberty between the
age of ten to thirteen in human females.
The first menstruation is termed Menarche and
the last or the end of the menstruation is termed
Menopause.
Menopause occurs in the age between fifty to
fifty-five years in primate females.
Thus the correct answer is Menarche.
Video Solution:
Q3 Text Solution:
Menstruation occurs in female primates like
humans, apes, monkeys, etc.
It occurs in a cyclic manner consisting of four
phases in 28 days. This is also termed as
Menstrual cycle.
The First phase is the menstrual phase which is
from the first to the fifth day of the Menstrual
cycle.
The second phase of the cycle is termed the
Follicular phase which is marked by the follicular
development surrounding the primary oocyte.
The Third phase is known as Ovulation in which
the mature graffian follicle ruptures and releases
the secondary oocyte or the ovum from the
ovary.
It occurs on the 14th day of the cycle.
The last or the Fourth phase is known as the
Luteal phase which continues up to the 28th day
of the cycle.
Menstruation starts from puberty between the
age of ten to thirteen in human females.
The first menstruation is termed Menarche and
the last or the end of the menstruation is termed
Menopause.
Menopause occurs at the age of fifty to fifty five
years. .
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Macula densa is present in eyes.
Hence Menopause is the correct answer.
Video Solution:
Q4 Text Solution:
Menstrual cycle runs in four phases.
It's a cycle of twenty eight days.
First phase is menstrual phase which is remains
for five days.
Second phase is the follicular phase which
remains till the the 14th day of the cycle.
Third phase is the Ovulatory phase in which the
ovum released from the ovary on the fourteenth
day of the cycle.
Fourth phase is the Luteal phase which remains
from fifteen to twenty eighth day of the cycle.
Hence the correct sequence starts from the
menstrual phase then comes the follicular phase
then the Ovulatory phase and Luteal phase at
the end.
This correct sequence is given in option C thus it
will be the correct answer.
Video Solution:
Q5 Text Solution:
In the Menstrual phase the endometrium layer of
the uterus breaks down and release out of the
uterus.
In the follicular phase the primary oocyte starts
getting covered layered by layered with the
follicular cells.
At the same time the endometrium layer starts
getting repaired in the uterus.
At the time of Ovulation the mature graffian
follicle ruptures and releases the ovum or the
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secondary oocyte.
In the Luteal phase the remnants of the ruptured
graffian follicle gets converted into the corpus
luteum.
Corpus luteum secrets progesterone hormones
which helps to maintain the pregnancy in the
uterus.
Hence option B is the correct answer as it has all
the correct matchings.
Video Solution:
Q6 Text Solution:
In the menstrual cycle the first phase is the
menstrual phase in which the endometrial lining
of uterus shed and releases out in the form of
bleeding.
The next phase is the follicular phase in which the
follicles start growing and surrounding the
primary oocyte which is termed as primary
follicles.
Now the primary follicles gets converted into the
secondary and tertiary follicles.
Tertiary follicles further gets converted into the
mature graffian follicles .
During this phase the hormones that acts are the
FSH and LH.
Number of follicles increases which results in the
formation of the tertiary follicles .
Tertiary follicles are characterized by the
presence of an antrum inside it.
Meiosis one is completed in the tertiary follicles
which then changes into the mature graffian
follicles by the activity of the hormones.
On the other hand in the uterus the endometrial
layer starts proliferating as the FSH and LH
hormones rises.
Estrogen level also increases during follicular
phase but the progesterone level don't increase
in the follicular phase.
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Both the statements given in option A and B are
correct which is given as together in option D.
Thus option D is the correct answer.
Video Solution:
Q7 Text Solution:
First option is true because the menstrual flow
results due to the breakdown of endometrial
lining of the uterus .
The second option is also true because the liquid
that comes out through vagina contains the
endometrial blood vessels in its constituents.
The third option also has the correct Statement
because the menstruation occurs only when the
Secondary oocyte or the ovum lies inside the
mature graffian follicles.
During ovulation the mature graffian follicles
ruptures and releases the secondary oocyte on
the fourteenth day of the Menstrual cycle.
After releasing the ovum the ruptured graffian
follicles remains in the ovary and now these mass
of cells is termed as the Corpus luteum.
Corpus luteum secretes progesterone to maintain
the endometrial lining of the uterus to implant
the growing foetus.
In case if fertilisation don't have occurred then
the corpus luteum starts regression which forms
the corpus albicans.
Macula densa is present in the eyes .
Hence corpus luteum is the correct answer.
Video Solution:

released ovum is not fertilised.

The fourth option is an incorrect statement as it
says that the lack of menstruation occurs only
because of pregnancy which is not totally
correct. Q10 Text Solution:
There are many other reasons which may results The hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and ovaries
in the absence of menstruation or may delay the all release different hormones that regulate the
menstruation. menstrual cycle.
Possible reasons could be the poor health of the Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which
female, stressed situation, poor nutrition, etc. is produced by the hypothalamus, causes the
Here we have to mark the incorrect statement anterior pituitary to release the gonadotropins
which is given in the option D . FSH and LH.
Thus option D is the correct answer as it contains FSH stimulates follicles on the ovary to grow and
the incorrect statement. prepare the eggs for ovulation.
As the follicle increases in size, it starts to release
Video Solution:
estrogen and a low level of progesterone in the
blood.
Ovulation is induced by LH. The Graafian follicle
develops into the corpus luteum, which
generates progesterone, after ovulation.
Q8 Video Solution:
Progesterone aids in maintaining the
endometrium while estrogen aids in its
reconstruction.

Q9 Text Solution:

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Video Solution: This is necessary to aid implantation and

preserve the uterine lining.
The embryo secretes Human Chorionic
Gonadotrophin (HCG), which in turn maintains
the corpus luteum if the egg is fertilized and

Q11 Video Solution: implantation takes place.

The corpus luteum deteriorates and the levels of
progesterone fall if implantation is unsuccessful.
The endometrial lining sheds and an unfertilized
egg along with the ruptured endometrium lining
of the uterus is removed out through the vagina.
Q12 Text Solution:
During the menstrual cycle, this phase lasts for 10
The luteal phase, which starts on the 15th day of
to 16 days.
the menstrual cycle, is the last stage of the
process in the female reproductive system. Video Solution:
During ovulation, the graffian follicle ruptures to
release the ovum in the fallopian tube.
The corpus luteum develops from this follicle and
secretes progesterone and estrogen.

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