Ophthalmology

Instruments
 BP Blade
n
Isis forceps
-10L
forceps
Holding capsutoonfrepgnis aseepertoe
n
rectus Holding
forceps
a
n .

Mullet 's self plain forceps Colibri forceps

Retaining a

lacrimal
mound
retractor

To vines 2-
forceps
wiring

:
.

tr
Sl d
corneal
superior
P%tt*y
Tunnel wire
Rutles vectis seiisols
Keeatorme
chalagion Holding Thermal
scoop Ballpoint
delaleekee 's
Muscle
's
Hook Sinskey screeners

I
Hook

To iridectomy
perform
iridotomy
 yes →
o

malignant
glaucoma
•

Inflammatory
glaucoma
congenitalglaucoma
•

• contact
ciliary muscle

d, IOP ← MOA
• 19dg outflow . ,

e- uses
closure
• POAG .
Acute
angle
systemic
-

•
SIE - I
local
Headache
.
Bradycardia
-

frontal detachment
. Diarrhoea
salivation
-

Retinal .

-
Lenticular
opacity o

Anxiety
Isis
cyst formation
-

.
Lacrimation
 corticosteroids
•
Antiallergic ,
me eat

• uses → serious cases of allergic conjunctivitis

• Sle →
Glaucoma ,
cataract ,
dry eye , ptosis
They have potent anti-inflammatory, anti- allergic and anti-fibrotic
actions. Corticosteroids reduce inflammation by reduction of leukocytic
and plasma exudation, maintenance of cellular membrane integrity with
inhibition of tissue swelling, inhibition of lysosome release from
granulocytes, increased stabilisation of intracellular lysosomal membranes
and suppression of circulating lymphocytes.
• um
generation fluso quinolone
⑤ II
DNA
ggease Topoisomerase
-

keratitis,
• uses →
Bacterial conjunctivitis .

Blepharitis .

irritation pain Headache

SIE Eye
, ,
• as ,

dry eye ,
itching ,
reamers

O 540 I to y
holy
Topical
.

→ .

OD
systemic →
400mg
 Brimonidine (0.2%). Mechanism of action. It is a selective alpha-2
adrenergic agonist and lowers IOP by decreasing aqueous production and
enhancing uveoscleral outflow. It has an additive effect to beta- blockers.
Dosage: It has a peak effect of 2 hours and action lasts for 12 hours; so it
is administered twice daily.

angle glaucoma
.

uses →
open
Post
Post laser .
surgery
retraction
SIE →
mydriasis ,
eyelid ,

↳ edation
dry mouth .

.
 cellulose
ester
-

no

lubricating agent
tear
Artificial
.

Dry eye ptesygium

.

• uses E → ,
 Surface anaesthesia is achieved by topical instillations of 2 to 4%
•
xylocaine or 1% amethocaine or proparacaine 0.5% (most preferred
for topical anesthesia). Usually, a drop of anaesthetic solution
instilled 4 times after every 4 minutes, is sufficient to produce
conjunctival and corneal anaesthesia. Cataract surgery by
phacoemulsification can be performed even under topical
anaesthesia only.
 ⑦ viral DNA
MOA
polymerase
→
•

• uses → cmv retinite

in
Cmv infection
immunocompromised
irritation
Sle →
eye
mg gel
ios
peep
→
• Sanne as
foe lotepeednol
•
prep → o .
it suspension
.

Topical preparations are used in uveitis, scleritis, allergic

conjunctivitis (vernal catarrh and phlyctenular conjunctivitis),
allergic keratitis, cystoid macular oedema and after intraocular
surgery.
• ialeak
mydriatic
• MOA → Non selective Po tseoekes .

Acts neither she .

d.
formation
og
.

ocular HIM
• uses →
Glaucoma ,

•
Ate →
Stinging
redness allergic
dryness blepharitis ,
.

Sle Boonuhospasm
Sys
. →

Bradycardia failure
congestive
Heart .

•
Peep → 0 .
25 cos 0.5
of .
MOA →
Aminoglycosides
Bind with 30 s .
505 .
N' bosomed
unit Ee inhibit protein
synthesis
.

conjunctivitis
Uses →

SIE itching discomfort ,

→
eye
,

seances
The coloured halos in glaucoma must be differentiated from
those found in acute purulent conjunctivitis and early
cataractous changes. In conjunctivits, halos can be eliminated
by irrigating the discharge. The halos of glaucoma and
immature cataract may be differentiated by Fincham’s test in
which a stenopaeic slit is passed across the pupil. During this
test, glaucomatous halo remains intact, while a halo due to
cataract is broken up into
Macular function Teat →

① Two discrimination
light Reed test
③ Maddon
③ color perception
visualisation
⑨ entoptic
 Sow
•

5¥ Moby
in same
.am?aeetem.onue
decreases
Magnification
.