PUERTO GALERA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1

PUBLIC SPEAKING SKILLS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ORAL

COMMUNICATION SUBJECT: BASIS FOR PROJECT ORAL

READING TOWARDS ACADEMIC LEVERAGE (ORAL)

A Research Paper

Submitted to the Senior High School Department

Puerto Galera National High School

Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the Subject

Practical Research 2

By

Zai Kirsten C. Atienza

Mark R. Payo

Allena Mae L. Arguelles

Erin Ann D. Sandoval

Keana D. Roxas

Christian Lei G. Chavez

January 2023
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CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter comprises the design section of the study and includes the research

locale, sample and sampling technique, instrumentation, data gathering procedure, and

statistical treatment of data.

Research Design

The correlation study design was utilized with the student’s accumulated scores

from their previous speeches and final grades in Oral Communication. Price et al. (2017)

recommends correlational design because it can be adopted to outline the strength and

direction of the relationship between two variables. Furthermore, Seeram (2019) found

that correlation studies can objectively determine the variables that interact, the nature of

the interactions that occur, and the relationship. Accordingly, this method was employed

to investigate any relationship between the final grades on the report card and speech

scores.

The demographic profile of students which includes the sex, strand and number of

speeches delivered were correlated with the students’ academic performance. Alongside,

the level of public speaking skills was assessed through the speech scores that were

amassed and classified through a set of parameters namely; voice control, delivery and

audience relations. Subsequently, these scores were also correlated to the student’s

academic performance with their final grades as the primary basis.

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Research Locale

This research study was conducted at Puerto Galera National High School,

Poblacion, Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines. Puerto Galera National High

School is an exceptional public high school located at Sitio Aguada, in Barangay

Poblacion. This main campus was established on June 13, 1990 and is considered as one

of the leading secondary schools in Puerto Galera. The senior high department of Puerto

Galera National High School offers an Academic Track which incorporates three

strands: Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM); Humanities, and Social

Sciences (HUMSS); and Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM). It

also has Home Economics (HE) Strand under the Technical-Vocational-Livelihood

(TVL) Track and the Arts and Design Track.

Oral Communication is one of the subjects taught in Grade 11 to all the

aforementioned strands. With the enhanced learning competencies and guidance of

competent educators at Puerto Galera National High School, this subject will improve

the students' written and oral communication and discourse skills. However, it cannot be

denied that, with the return of conventional classes, students struggle with speaking as

their communication skills deteriorated with the onset of Covid-19 pandemic. As a

result, Puerto Galera National High School provides an ideal research site for

researchers to examine varying degrees of verbal communication performance and

speech difficulties among Grade 11 students in each strand.

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Sample and Sampling Technique

The respondents of this research study were Grade 11 senior high students of

Puerto Galera National High School-Main Campus, in the academic year 2022-2023, first

semester. The chosen respondents were 252 respondents which were 50% of the sample

population per existing strands at Puerto Galera National High School. All of the

respondents were selected through stratified sampling in which there were 43

Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) students, 66 Humanities, and Social

Sciences (HUMSS) students, 47 Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM)

students, 16 Arts and Design and 88 Home Economics (HE) students.

The raw combined population of Grade 11 students in the strands above, totals

488. Stratified random sampling and Slovin’s formula was applied to identify the sample

population and finally reduce it to 252. Of these, 126 were female (50.00%) and 126 were

male (50.00%). Stratified sampling was utilized since this approach implements an equal

image of the variables in the study. This sampling technique will obtain reasonably

precise estimates for all subgroups associated to the research questions, and reduce sample

selection bias.

The 252 respondents were all enrolled in the core subject; Oral Communication in

Context, which emphasizes the improvement of listening and verbal skills and strategies

for effective communication in diverse situations. This core subject is taken by Grade 11

students for 60 minutes a day and a total of 80 hours in line with first semester.
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The Slovin’s Formula is:

N
n
1  Ne 2

where:
n = sample size
N = population size
e = marginal error
1 = constant

504
n=
1 + 504 (0.04)2

504
n=
1.998

n= 252

Research Instrument

A researcher-made assessment tool was used as the research instrument to gather

data in response to the specific information related to the study. Printed copies were

made and administered among STEM, HUMSS, ABM, Arts and Design and TVL

students. The informal individual assessment tool was composed of three parts in which

the first part of the questionnaire identified the respondents demographic profile. The

second part consisted a table with regards to the students’ level of public speaking skills.

Lastly, the third part of the material consisted a table for the level of academic

performance which was based from the students’ grades on the Oral Communication

subject for the first semester.

. The respondents were instructed to rate using a five-point Likert scale.

Specifically, the second part of the assessment tool is assessed on a scale that ranges
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from 5 to 1, wherein 5 indicates outstanding, 4 is very satisfactory, 3 is satisfactory, 2 is

fairly satisfactory, and 1 does not meet expectations. The respondents will be graded in

terms of voice control, delivery and audience relations. The descriptor, excellent is for

those students who earned a grade of 90 to 100, very good for those with grades ranging

from 85 to 89, good for grades 80 to 84, fair for grades 75 to 79, and poor for those who

got a grade that is below 75. The third part of the assessment material is comprised of

another scale that distinguished the academic performances of the respondents in the

aforementioned subject. The scale will also range from 5 to 1, wherein 5 indicates

excellent, 4 is very good, 3 is good, 2 is fair, and 1 is poor.

Confidentiality was strictly protected and maintained as this research study

prioritized the data of the respondents or the information collected during data collection.

Full consent was obtained before material distribution began; the respondent has

understood his or her rights.

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Sample Assessment Material

PUBLIC SPEAKING SKILLS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ORAL

COMMUNICATION SUBJECT: BASIS FOR PROJECT ORAL

READING TOWARDS ACADEMIC LEVERAGE (ORAL)

Dear respondents,

The researchers of Grade 12 – STEM Galileo Galilei are currently making a research

study entitled “Public Speaking Skills and Academic Performance in Oral Communication

Subject: Basis for Project Oral Reading towards Academic Leverage (ORAL)”. The aim

of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between Oral Communication and

public speaking performance.

Kindly fill-up this assessment form and rest assured that the questions will be dealt with

confidentiality. Thank you.

I. Profile of the Respondent

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Please answer the necessary information that corresponds to your profile.

Name: Sex: aa

Strand & Section: Age: a

Number of Speeches Delivered: _______________________________________

II. Level of Public Speaking Performance

Below is a table consisting of a list of indicators in assessing your public speaking

performance based on the score that you attained from the previous speech activity.

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1

Voice Control

Delivery

Audience Relations

Table 1

Legend: 5-Point Likert Scale (Level of Public Speaking Performance)

Range Numerical Value Verbal Interpretation

90-100 5 Outstanding

85-89 4 Very Satisfactory

80-84 3 Satisfactory

75-79 2 Fairly Satisfactory

Below 75 1 Does Not Meet Expectations

III. Level of Academic Performance of Oral Communication

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Below is a table with a list of indicators in assessing the academic performance in Oral

Communication. Put a check on the space that corresponds to your average grade in Oral

Communication for first semester.

Indicator 5 4 3 2 1

Average Grade

on Oral

Communicatio

n for 1st

Semester

Table 2

5-Point Likert Scale (Level of Academic Performance in Oral Communication)

Range Numerical Value Verbal Interpretation

90-100 5 Excellent

85-89 4 Very Good

80-84 3 Good

75-79 2 Fair

Below 75 1 Poor
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Data Gathering Procedure

Prior to validation of the assessment material, the researchers then printed out

sufficient number of assessment copies to accommodate all the chosen respondents.

Concurrently, the letters of request to the advisers of the concerned rooms to answer the

assessment materials was prepared.

The letter of request and the copies of assessment material were delivered

personally by the researchers to the rooms concerned. After administering copies of the

assessment materials, the researcher provided detailed explanations to help respondents

complete the assessment materials. After filling up the forms, their respective responses

were withheld according to the agreement of the respondents and the researcher. Later

on, each respondent was asked to perform in front. The performance was deliberately

rated by the researchers. The results of the assessment obtained were then tabulated, and

the data analyzed and interpreted using most statistical procedures.

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Sample of Letter of Request

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
MIMAROPA REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO
PUERTO GALERA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
PUERTO GALERA, ORIENTAL MINDORO

January 2023

MRS. CARREN G. PARUNGAO

Grade 11 Adviser

Blaise Pascal

Dear Ma’am:

We, the Grade 12 students of STEM Galileo Galilei are currently conducting a study entitled:
“Public Speaking Skills and Academic Performance in Oral Communication Subject:
Basis for Project Oral Reading towards Academic Leverage (ORAL)”.

The researchers would like to seek your permission to allow us to have an access to the average
grades of the students in Oral Communication and to conduct an assessment to Grade 11 Blaise
Pascal who can provide us the necessary data needed for our study. (Please see attached
assessment material for your perusal.)

Thank you and God bless.

Respectfully yours,

ZAI KIRSTEN C. ATIENZA

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MARK R. PAYO

ALLENA MAE L. ARGUELLES

ERIN ANN D. SANDOVAL

KEANA D. ROXAS

CHRISTIAN LEI G. CHAVEZ

Researchers

Approved by:

MRS. CARREN G. PARUNGAO

Grade 11 Adviser
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Statistical Treatments

As the given assessment forms were filled up and retrieved, the results of the raw

data were compiled and treated statistically. The garnered data were treated by

percentage computation, mean distribution, and Pearson's r (Pearson Correlation

Coefficient).

1. Percentage – This was used to compute the frequency and distribution of the

respondents. In this study, this will be utilized to calculate the percentage of the

respondents based on their sex and strand.

The formula is: % = (F)/N x 100%

Where: % - Percentage

F – Frequency

N – No. of Respondents
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2. Mean – This was used to get the average of the responses of the respondents. In this

study, it was used to get the average of the level of public speaking skills: (1) Voice

Control; (2) Delivery; and (3) Audience Relation of Grade 11 students, as well as

their level of academic performance in Oral Communication subject.

The formula is: 𝑥̄ = 𝛴𝑓𝑥̄/𝛴𝑓

Where:

x̄ = the mean value of the set of given data

F = frequency of each class

X = mid interval value of each class

3. Pearson's r (Pearson Correlation Coefficient) - This is used to measure the

strength of the linear relationship between two variables. In this study, this will be

utilized to determine if there is a relationship between the two sets of variables: (1)

profile of Grade 11 students and level of academic performance in Oral

Communication subject; and (2) level of public speaking skills and academic

performance in Oral Communication.

Σ(x i−x)( y i− y )
The formula is: r =
√ Σ(x −x) ( y − y)
i
2
i
2

Where: r - correlation coefficient

xi - values of the x-variable in a sample

(x~) - mean of the values of the x-variable

yi - values of the y-variable in a sample

(y~) - mean of the values of the y-variable

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