Environmental Quiz Bee Reviewer

Take the online environmental science trivia quizzes and test your knowledge of natural
disasters, climate, jungles, rivers, and deserts. Curious about how familiar you are with a
particular aspect of environmental science?

1.Which of the following is least likely to be an effect of global warming?

A. Increased frequency of hurricanes
B. Loss of fertile delta regions for agriculture
C. Decreased rate of photosynthesis in vegetation
D. Change in global patterns of precipitation
E. Shrinking of the polar ice regions

2.Of the following substances which has the greatest permeability?

Loam (Loam is soil composed of sand, silt, and clay in relatively even concentrations)
A. Clay
B. Silt
C. Sand
D. Humus

3. Most of the Earth's deserts are at approximately 30 deg. latitude, north & south because
these locations are characterized by:
A. Generally warm ocean currents
B. Descending dry air currents
C. Slow-moving jet streams
D. Enhanced Solar radiation
E. Predominantly low atmospheric pressure

4. Which of the following is the best example of environmental remediation?(Generally,

remediation means providing a remedy, so environmental remediation deals with the removal
of pollution or contaminants from environmental media such as soil, groundwater, sediment, or
surface water for the general protection of human health and the environment or from a
brownfield site intended for redevelopment. Remediation is generally subject to an array of
regulatory requirements, and also can be based on assessments of human health and ecological
risks where no legislated standards exist or where standards are advisory.)
A. A species of trout becomes extinct in a *eutrophic lake
B. The annual volume of sewage flowing into a stream is decreased by 50%
C. The height of a factory smokestack is increased
D. A parcel of forest land is declared a State Park
E. PCB-consuming bacteria are sprayed on an area that has soil contaminated with PCBs
5. The presence of which contaminants would be the strongest indicator that municipal sewage
sludge is unfit for use as fertilizer?
A. Human feces
B. Ammonia
C. Phosphates
D. Heavy metals
E. Nitrates

6. Reasons that the population of an exotic species often increases rapidly when introduced to a
new environment, is due which of the following:
I. The exotic species is resistant to pesticides
II. There is usually a large, underused food source in the new environment
III. The exotic species has few natural predators in the new environment

A. I only
B. II only
C. I and III only
D. II and III only
E. I, II and III

7. A country's current population is 100 million with an annual growth rate of 3.5%. If the
growth rate remains constant, what will be the population in 40 years?
A. 150 million
B. 200 million
C. 300 million
D. 400 million
E. 800 million

8. Which type of electricity-generating power plant releases radioactive as well as toxic

materials such as lead and arsenic under normal operating conditions?

A. Nuclear
B. Hydroelectric
C. Solar
D. Coal-burning
E. Geothermal

9. Which of the following greenhouse gasses has the greatest heat-trapping ability per
molecule?
A. Chlorofluorocarbon
B. Methane
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Nitrous oxide
E. Carbon monoxide
10. Of the following, which poses the greatest threat to populations of migratory North
American songbirds?

A. Clearing of tropical forests

B. Predation by raptors
C. Sport hunting
D. Disease from polluted waters
E.
International trade in pets

11.

Questions 1–3 refer to the lettered points of the curves plotted on the graph below.
The curves show two possible patterns of change in population size over time for a certain
species of small mammal in an ecosystem.
Directions: The lettered choices on the graph below refer to the numbered statements
immediately following it. Select the one lettered choice that best fits each statement. Each
choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all in each set.
1. Population growing exponentially
2. Population decreasing at greatest rate
3. Population growing at a decreasing rate

12. It refers to the extreme warming of the central and eastern specific.
A. El Nino
B. La Nina
C. Winter
D. Tropical Storm

13. Which of the following is the consequence for biodiversity loss?

A. Excessive mining
B. Habitat Alteration or destruction
c. Global warming
D. forest fires

14. Absorbs almost all the ultra-violet radiation that reaches the earth.
A. Atmosphere
B. Greenhouse gases
C. Stratospheric ozone
D. Tropospheric ozone

15.This happens when climate changes.

A. More frequent typhoons
B. Ice melts and islands disappear
C. Water in the oceans warms and expands
D. All of these

16.Which of the following is NOT an ozone-depleting substance?

A. Pesticides
B. Isopropyl alcohol
C. Substances in fire extinguishers
D. Substances in air conditioners

17.Which is NOT true about non-renewable resources?

A. They are finite or non-sustainable.
B. Their exploitation and use will eventually lead to their exhaust.
C. They cannot be stored for future use.
D. These resources take millions of years to form.

18. What is the economic term to the exhaustion of raw materials within a region?
A. Shutdown
B. Famine
C. Resource depletion
D. Species are endangered

19.This refers to the atmospheric disturbance and recurrent ocean warming.

A. El Niño Southern Oscillation
B. La Niña Southern Oscillation
C. Typhoons, Hurricanes, Cyclones
D. Both A and B

20.This is a form of heat energy, which originates deep in the earth's molten interior.
A. Solar
B.Biomass
C.Hydropower
D.Geothermal
21.The energy that bonds molecules together.
A.Light energy
B.Heat energy
C.Chemical energy
D.Nuclear energy

22.The Law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed.

23.Trees decrease the level of oxygen in the atmosphere.

A.True
B.False

24.Many of these are generally not destroyed in use and can be recycled.
Answer: Mineral/s

25.It is the "mark" that you leave in the environment each time you use fossil fuel.
Answer: Carbon footprint

26.One of the causes of resource depletion is the non-equitable distribution of resources.

A.True
B.False

28.All of the following disciplines are major contributors to the field of environmental
science except
A. Linguistics and physics
B. Biololgy
C. Social Science

28Most of today's environmental problems began during which period in human history?
A. Hunter-gatherer period
B. Agricultural revolution
C. Industrial revolution

29. Environmental science is a study of which types of interactions between humans and the
environment?
A. How humans use natural resources
B. How human beings relate to the nonliving environment
C. How human actions alter the environment
D .All of the above
30. Which of the following is studied in environmental science?
A. Interactions between living organisms and their nonliving environment
B. Impact of humans on the environment
C. Interactions between organisms

31.Population growth in the 20th century accelerated which environmental stress(es)?

A. Resource depletion
B. Pollution
C. Habitat destruction
D. All of the above

32. Why is the world's loss of biodiversity a source of concern?

A. Humans depend on other organisms for food and oxygen
B. Species extinctions have been rare throughout history
C. loss of biodiversity is not a concern because extinctions are common.

33.Using economic considerations of resource use, the law of supply and demand describes the
A. Availability of abundant resources
B. Relationship between the availability and the worth of resources
C. Worth of nonrenewable resources

34 Listing both the merits and expenses involved in implementing a particular solution is an example of
a(n)
A. Cost-benefit analysis
B. Risk assessment
C. Ecological footprint

35.Compared with their counterparts in developed countries, individuals in developing nations typically
have a
A. Higher standard of living
B. Larger ecological footprint
C. Shorter life span

36.Achieving a sustainable world is a goal that will depend on

A. Responsible consumption by developed countries
B. A higher standard of living in developing countries
C. Cooperation between governments, industry, and citizens
D. Both (a) and (c)

37 .A good hypothesis is more than a guess because it

A. Is based on intuition rather than observation
B. States what is likely to happen
C. Makes logical sense
 DENR MANDATES
Department of Environment and Natural Resources

PENRO – Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office

ARDMS- Assistant Regional Director for Management Services
MOO- Month of the Ocean

Exhibit in the celebration of the World Wetlands Day 2023- with 100 students and
stakeholders from the municipality of Victoria, Oriental Mindoro.” Environmental Lecture and
Photo Exhibit, It was conducted by DENR MIMAROPA Regional Strategic Communications and
Initiatives Group, PENR Office of Socorro and Mindoro Biodiversity Conservation Foundation
Inc.

DENR MIMAROPA Regional Executive Director- Lormelyn Claudion CESO IV

REGIONAL PROFILE

MIMAROPA Region (Region IV-B) is comprised of five (5) island provinces of Southern Luzon,
namely: Mindoro (Occidental and Oriental), Marinduque, Romblon and Palawan. Carved out of the former
Southern Tagalog Region, MIMAROPA was created through Executive Order No. 103 promulgated on 17
May 2002.

The Region has a total land area of 2,745,601 hectares, broken down into 992,317 hectares of Alienable
and Disposable (Agricultural) Lands and 1,753,284 hectares of Classified Forestlands. The total forest
area regardless of land classification for the entire Region is 1,195,144 hectares (CY 2003 Forestry
Statistics).

MIMAROPA is probably the most biologically significant region in the country in terms of richness in both
terrestirial and marine species diversity. Located in the Region are nineteen (19) National Integrated
Protected Areas System (NIPAS) sites occupying a total land area of 1,614,578.63 hectares. It is home
to a number of wildlife species found only in the islands including the Tamaraw, Calamian deer, Palawan
flying fox, Mindoro imperial pigeon, Mindoro bleeding heart, Palawan hornbill, Mindoro hornbill, Black
hooded coucal, Scarlet collared flowerpecker, Palawan peacock pheasant, among others.

MIMAROPA boasts of a long coastline totaling 6,428 kilometers which is 17.7% of the country’s total
coastline of 36,289 km. It is made up of twelve (12) main islands, namely: Marinduque, Mindoro &
Lubang, Romblon, Tablas & Sibuyan, Palawan, Dumaran, Coron, Culion, Balabac & Linapacan, It is one
of two (2) Regions sharing no land border with another Region, the other one being Region VIII (Eastern
Visayas). The entire MIMAROPA area is also part of the Coral Triangle Initiative (Philippines, Indonesia
and Malaysia)

MIMAROPA is also rich in mineral resources. Important metallic minerals that can be found include
copper, gold, silver, iron, lead, zinc, molybdenum, pyrite, manganese, nickel, chromite, cobalt, mercury
and chromium. Non-metallics are: coal, asbestos, guano and phosphates, red and white clay, marble,
barite, jade and silica.
The Regional Office of DENR-MIMAROPA is presently situated at the L&S Bldg, 1515 Roxas Boulevard,
Malate, Manila. DENR-MIMAROPA has five (5) Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Offices
(PENROs) located in Mamburao, Occidental Mindoro; Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro; Boac, Marinduque;
Puerto Princesa City, Palawan; and Odiongan, Romblon. Its Community Environment and Natural
Resources Offices (CENROs) are found in Mamburao, Sablayan and San Jose (Occidental Mindoro);
Calapan City, Socorro and Roxas (Oriental Mindoro); Boac (Marinduque); Puerto Princesa City, Roxas,
Taytay, Coron, Narra, Quezon and Brooke’s Point (Palawan); and Odiongan (Romblon).

PROGRMAS AND PROJECTS UNDER DENR MIMAROPA

1. ENHANCED NATIONAL GREENING PROGRAM

SECRETARY CIMATU’S MAIN PRIORITY IS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF OUR

ENVIRONMENT, PARTICULARLY OUR AIR, WATER AND ADDRESS SOLID WASTE
PROBLEMS. THUS, THE DENR WILL BE IMPLEMENTING ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS.

FOR ENHANCED NATIONAL GREENING PROGRAM (E-NGP), OUR PRIORITY

ACTIVITIES ARE THE FOLLOWING:

(1) REHABILITATION OF 1.2 M HECTARES OF DENUDED FOREST LANDS BY 2022;

AND (2) MAINTENANCE AND PROTECTION OF EXISTING FORESTS.

The National Greening Program or the NGP as the DENR banner program is a
convergence initiative of DA-DAR-DENR where the DENR stands as the lead agency.
As a government priority pursuant to

EO Nos. 23 and 26, both series of 2011, the NGP aims to:

1) contribute in reducing poverty among upland and lowland poor households,

indigenous peoples, and in coastal and urban areas;

2) implement sustainable management of natural resources through resource

conservation, protection, and productivity enhancement;

3) provide food, goods and services such as timber, fiber, non-timber forest products,
aesthetic values, air enhancement values, water regulation values, and mitigate
climate change by expanding forest cover that serve as carbon sink;

4) promote public awareness as well as instill social and environmental

consciousness on the value of forests and watersheds;

5) enhance the formation of positive values among the youth and other partners
through shared responsibilities in sustainable management of tree plantations and
forest resources, and
 6) consolidate and harmonize all greening efforts of the government, civil society,
and the private sector.

Executive Order No. 26, series of 2011

was issued to plant 1.5 billion trees in 1.5 million hectares of lands of the public
domain for a period of six (6) years from CY 2011 to CY 2028.

Executive Order No. 193 was signed on November 12, 2015,

the Expanded NGP will rehabilitate all the remaining unproductive, denuded and
degraded forestlands estimated at 7.1 million hectares from 2016 to 2028.

2. FOREST MANAGEMENT PROJECT

FMP is a ten-year (2012-2022) Department of Environment and Natural Resources

(DENR) – Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) project that aims to
strengthen forestland management in three critical river basins through the
implementation of collaborative and comprehensive Community-Based Forest
Management (CBFM) strategies.

The Project is expected to integrate conservation and development-oriented

activities with full participation and capacitation of local communities. These
include 147 People’s Organizations (POs) within the identified 24 sub-watershed
areas as well as the DENR and other stakeholders.

3. INTEGRATED NATURAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL

MANAGEMENT PROJECT

The Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project (INREMP)

is one of the major projects of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources
- Forest Management Bureau (DENR-FMB).

It aims to address unsustainable watershed management in four priority Upper River

Basins (URBs), namely;

1. Chico Upper River Basin in the Cordillera Administrative Region, Northern Luzon;
2. Wahig-Inabanga River Basin in the island of Bohol, Region VII;
3. Bukidnon Upper River Basin in Northern Mindanao, Region X; and
4. Lake Lanao River Basin in the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao.

With particular focus on indigenous peoples and resource-poor communities, the

project aims to reduce and reverse degradation of watersheds and associated
environmental services caused by forest denudation and unsustainable farming
practices.

4. COASTAL AND MARINE ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

All Coastal and Marine Areas of the Philippines covering all, but not limited to
the NIPAS Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), Locally-Managed Marine Protected
Areas (LMMPAs), Marine Key Biodiversity Areas (MKBAs) and adjacent municipal
waters.

5. EL NIDO REHABILITATION PROGRAM

Environmental Quiz Reviewer

1. 2011 was designated by the Un General Assembly as the “Year of the Forest” ,
hoping to highlight their key roles in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and
boosting biodiversity.

2. Acid rain comes back to earth when sulfur dioxide in the air changes into sulfuric
acid and nitrogen oxide into nitric acid.

3. Acidic is the condition of water or soil that contains a sufficient amount of acid
substances to lower pH below 7.0

4. Acidification is the lowering of soil and water pH due to acid precipitation and
deposition usually through precipitation.

5. Aerosol is a collection of airborne particles dispersed in a gas, smoke or fog.

6. Afforestation is converting a bare or agricultural space by planting tress and

plants.

7. Air Pollution happens to Earth’s atmosphere when there is an addition of

harmful chemicals on it.

8. Alkalinity is the capacity of bases to neutralize acids.

9. Amphibian is an animal with smooth, moist skin which has gills when young and
then develops lungs when older.

10. An Envisat satellite launched by European space Agency ( ESA) on March 1, 2002
helps scientists determine variations in stratospheric ozone.

11. Andre Marie Ampere formulated the law of Electromagnetism.

12. Angel Alcala is a Filipino biologist who is behind the invention of artificial coral
reefs used for fisheries in Southeast Asia.

13. Aquatic Ecosystem consists of plants and animals interacting with water or
aquatic environment.

14. Asbestos is a naturally occurring soft fibrous mineral commonly used in

fireproofing materials and considered to be highly carcinogenetic in particular
form.

15. Atmospheric pressure (barometric pressure) the pressure exerted by

atmosphere as a consequence of gravitational attraction exerted upon the
‘column” of air lying directly above the point in question.

16. Biodiversity is the variety of life in an area that is determined by the number of
different species in that area. It increases the life of the ecosystem and
contributes to the health of the biosphere.

17. Biomagnifications is a process in which a harmful chemical enters the food chain
and gets concentrated at each level in the food chain.

18. Biomass fuel is an organic matter used as fuel such as firewood.

19. Biome is a large natural area that is home to certain types of plants.

20. Bioremediation is the use of microorganism to remove pollutants such as oil

spills in the water bodies

21. Biosphere is the portion of the earth and its atmosphere that can support life, it
also refers to all living organism on earth and their surrounding

22. Biotic (living things) and Abiotic (non living things) are two components of
ecosystem
23. Canopy is the top layer of the rain forest formed by dense leaf-covered tree
branches

24. Carbon Dioxide -Oxygen Cycle shows the interdependence of plants and animals
for gases.

25. Carbon footprint is defined as the total amount of greenhouse gases produced to
directly and indirectly support human activities, usually expressed in equivalent
tons of carbon dioxide (CO2)

26. Carnivores are consumers that eat flesh and meat

27. Carpooling is driving someone to a place that you are both going to minimize the
amount of greenhouse gases put into the air by car.

28. Catchment is an important water management assemblages technique used to

capture and retain water and runoff

29. Chain Reaction is the continuous splitting of atoms

30. Charles A. Coulomb helped discover what a current electricity is

31. Chlorofluorocarbon (chlorine-fluoride-carbon) is considered to be the main

cause of ozone depletion. It is stable and inexpensive super coolant used in air
conditioning systems, refrigerators, aerosol sprays and cleaning agent.

32. Chrysalis is a pupa ( the stage between larva and an adult) enclosed in a firm case
or cocoon

33. Climate Change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather over periods
of time that range from decades to millions of years.

34. Climate is the prevalent or characteristics meteorological conditions and their

extremes, of any place or region.

35. Cloud is a mass of tiny droplets of water that condensed from the air

36. Commensalism is a relationship between two species in which one organisms

benefits while the other organisms is neither benefited nor harmed.

37. Community Succession is the natural process by which a community of

organisms in an ecosystem gradually replaces another.
38. Composting is the microbiological degradation of organic matter under either
aerobic or anaerobic conditions

39. Condensation is the change in form water goes through when it turns from a gas
to liquid

40. Conduction is the transfer of heat directly from one matter to another.

 Conserve is to keep and protect from harm, loss or change

 Continental drift theory , by German meteorologist Alfred Wegener, proposed

that all continents have been part of one supercontinent known as Pangea ,
which broke into several plates and drifted apart forming the present continents.

 Contour Plowing refers to soil tilling method that follows the shape of the land
to discourage erosion

 Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of the molecules of liquids

and gases. It is also responsible for the weather pattern in the atmosphere

 Coral reefs are marine structures formed by underwater living organisms and are
made of the mineral aragonite.

 Coriolis Force is an apparent force cause by the rotation of the earth. In the
Northern Hemisphere winds are deflected to the right, and in the Southern
Hemisphere to the left.

 Corrosive is a chemical agent that reacts with the surface of a material causing it
to deteriorate or wear away.

 Decibels is the unit of measure for sound intensity

 Decomposers (scavenger) or saprotrophs are organisms that feed on decayed

organisms matter

 Deforestation is the large-scale removal of plant communities from an area of

land. It is an indiscriminate cutting or overharvesting of trees for various
purposes.

 Denitrification is the conversion of nitrate (NO3) to nitrous oxide (N2O) and

nitrogen gas (N2); is the biological reduction of nitrate to nitrogen gas by
denitrifying bacteria soil.
 MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS

REPUBLIC ACT 9003 ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT

OF 2000

In partnership with stakeholders, the law aims to adopt a systematic,

comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program that
shall ensure the protection of public health and environment. The law
ensures proper segregation, collection, storage, treatment and
disposal of solid waste through the formulation and adaptation of best
eco-waste products.

REPUBLIC ACT 9275 PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT OF 2004

The law aims to protect the country's water bodies from pollution from
land-based sources (industries and commercial establishments,
agriculture and community/household activities). It provides for
comprehensive and integrated strategy to prevent and minimize
pollution through a multi-sectoral and participatory approach involving
all the stakeholders.

REPUBLIC ACT 8749 PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1999

The law aims to achieve and maintain clean air that meets the
National Air Quality guideline values for criteria pollutants, throughout
the Philippines, while minimizing the possible associated impacts to
the economy.

REPUBLIC ACT 6969 TOXIC SUBSTANCES, HAZARDOUS AND

NUCLEAR WASTE CONTROL ACT OF 1990

The law aims to regulate restrict or prohibit the importation,

manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of
chemical substances and mixtures the present unreasonable risk to
human health. It likewise prohibits the entry, even in transit, of
hazardous and nuclear wastes and their disposal into the Philippine
territorial limits for whatever purpose; and to provide advancement
and facilitate research and studies on toxic chemicals.

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 1586 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

(EIS) STATEMENT OF 1978

The Environment Impact Assessment System was formally established

in 1978 with the enactment of Presidential Decree no. 1586 to
facilitate the attainment and maintenance of rational and orderly
balance between socio-economic development and environmental
protection. EIA is a planning and management tool that will help
government, decision makers, the proponents and the affected
community address the negative consequences or risks on the
environment. The process assures implementation of environment-
friendly projects.

EMB MANDATE

The EMB Is A Line Bureau By Virtue Of Section 34 Of The Philippine Clean Air Act Of 1999 (Ra
8749). The Bureau Is Mandated To Implement On A Nationwide Scale The Six (6) Important
Environmental Laws To Wit:

 Environmental Impact Assessment Law (PD 1586)

 Toxic Substances And Hazardous Waste Management Act (RA 6969)
 Clean Air Act Of 1999 (RA 8749)
 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (RA 9003)
 Clean Water Act (RA 9275)
 Environmental Awareness And Education Act Of 2009 (RA 9512)
11, Sec. 16 of the 1987 Constitution:
“The State shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful
ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.”

Environmental Management Bureau

The law aims to regulate restrict or prohibit the importation, manufacture, processing, sale,
distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures the present unreasonable
risk to human health.

The Republic Act (RA) 9003,

otherwise known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, provides the
necessary policy framework, institutional mechanisms and mandate to the local government
unites (LGUs) to achieve 25% waste reduction through establishing an integrated solid waste
management plans based on 3Rs (reduce, reuse and recycling).

The Republic Act (RA) 9072,

This Act shall be known as the "National Caves and Cave Resources Management and
Protection Act." Section 2. Declaration of Policy - It is hereby declared the policy of the State to
conserve, protect and manage caves and cave resources as part of the country's natural
wealth.

The Republic Act (RA) 2067,

AN ACT TO INTEGRATE, COORDINATE, AND INTENSIFY SCIENTIFIC AND
TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND TO FOSTER INVENTION; TO
PROVIDE FUNDS THEREFOR; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. Section 1. This Act shall be
known as the "Science Act of 1958."

The Republic Act (RA) 9512,

9512, also known as the “National Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008”,
declared the month of November as National Environmental Awareness Month to promote
awareness, especially among the youth, on the importance of protecting the environment and
natural resources and the sustainable growth and development of our country.

The Republic Act (RA) 7942,

The Act governs all mining operations and related rights in the Philippines, specifically
exploration, development, and utilization of natural resources conservation through a
partnership of the government and private sector.

Ecological Solid Waste management Act 2000

Republic Act No. 9003: Aimed at establishing a nationwide ecological solid waste management
program, this Act provides for the furtherance of proper segregation, collection and transport,
recycling, and composting of wastes in the Philippines. Article 6 of RA 9003 promulgates the
guidelines for a comprehensive waste management strategy including but not limited to:
Prohibition of open dumps, Requiring a permit for solid waste management facility construction
and expansion, Guidelines for controlled dumps, and Criteria for siting, establishment, and
operations of sanitary landfills in the country.

Philippine Clean Air Act 1999

Republic Act No. 8749: One of the salient features of this Act is the establishment of a multi-
sectoral Integrated Air Quality Improvement Framework and Air Quality Control Action Plan
which will serve as the primary guide for air pollution management and control in the country.
Adopting a multi-sectoral or participatory approach (also called “partnership approach to healthy
air” or “people-driven approach”) means that ideas and comments should be gathered from all
stakeholders, and information is largely disclosed to the public. Alongside many other regulatory
measures, all sources of air pollutant emissions are also mandated by this Act to secure a
permit to operate apart from the Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC). Importantly, this
Act sets the emission limits for various types of pollutants both stationary and mobile, including
smoking, fuel and fuel additives, ozone-depleting substances, greenhouse gases, and organic
pollutants among many others.

Marine pollution Decree of 1976

Presidential Decree No. 979 (18 August 1976): Pursuant to this policy, dumping of wastes and
other hazardous matter into the ocean and inland waters of the Philippines is considered
unlawful unless due to unavoidable accidents or otherwise prescribed by the National Pollution
Control Commission or the Philippine Coast Guard.

Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010

Republic Act No. 10121: Making the then National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC) into
what we know today as the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
(NDRRMC) to serve as the lead agency for disaster-related programs in the Philippines such as
but not limited to the development of the comprehensive guides for DRR efforts nationwide
(referred to as the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework
[NDRRMF] and National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan [NDRRMP]).

Here is the NDRRMP for 2011 to 2028. Pursuant to this Act, regional, provincial, city, and
municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) councils and barangay DRRM
committees were also created. Among other provisions, RA 10121 also mandated DRRM
Education in secondary and tertiary education as well as in the Sangguniang Kabataan along
with the Mandatory DRRM training for public sector employees (Section 14).

Climate Change Act of 2009

Republic Act No. 9729: In light of the climate vulnerability of the Philippines and its people, the
Climate Change Act of 2009 integrates climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies into
policy formulation and development activities of all government agencies. It also created
the Climate Change Commission, chaired by the President of the Republic of the Philippines,
as the central entity for all climate change-related plans and programs in the country.
ORIENTAL MINDORO PROFILE

Oriental Mindoro is a province of the Philippines located

in the island of Mindoro under MIMAROPA region in Luzon, about 140
km southwest of Manila. The province has a total land area of 4,238.40
km2; with the western portion of the province being mountainous or
rugged, hills and flood plains are widely distributed in the eastern
portion. Mount Halcon, standing 2582 m above sea level, is the
 18th highest mountain in the country and is the province's and island's
highest peak.

JURISDICTION

The Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO) for

the Province of Oriental Mindoro is located at Brgy. Suqui, Calapan
City. It has administrative jurisdiction over two (2) Community
Environment and Natural Resources Offices (CENRO) serving one (1)
city and fourteen (14) municipalities.

Office Headquarters Administrative Jurisdiction PENR/CENR Officer

PENRO Suqui, Calapan City Oriental Mindoro MARY JUNE F. MAYPA
Municipalities of Baco,
Calapan, San Teodoro,
Puerto Galera, Naujan,
CENRO Socorro Pasi, Socorro ANASTACIO A. SANTOS
Victoria, Pola, Socorro,
Pinamalayan, Gloria,
Bansud
Bongabong, Roxas,
CENRO Roxas San Mariano, Roxas ALMA E. GIBE
Mansalay, Bulalacao

 The dumpsite in Calapan City is found in Brgy. Batino, Calapan City

What are the hazards in Oriental Mindoro?

The Province of Oriental Mindoro is highly vulnerable to climate change impacts as it is
exposed to various natural calamities such as flooding, landslides, and typhoons.

Largest mangrove Ecosystem in Calapan (Marine Protected Areas)

 Silonay Mangrove Conservation Area and Eco Park with a total area of 42 ha;
  Baco Marine Protected Area located at Barangays Pulang Tubig and San
Andres with total area of 120 ha (mangroves, seagrass, and coral reef); and
 Puerto Galera Mangrove and Ecotourism Area located at Barangays Tabinay
and Dulangan with a total area of 18 ha (mangroves, seagrass, and coral reef).

Largest Coral Reef Ecosystem in Calapan (Marine Protected Areas)

Harka Piloto Fish Sanctuary

The first Calapan City MPA established in 2004, Harka Piloto Fish Sanctuary is a 37-
hectare No-Take MPA (no fishing allowed) with thriving coral reef ecosystems, a
popular tourist spot in the city.

Silonay Mangrove Conservation Ecopark

A 41-hectare community-managed natural mangrove forest located in Barangay
Silonay, Calapan City. Established in 2011, this protected area and ecotourism site
houses about half a million mangrove trees. Its 15+ species of mangroves support other
wildlife such as 36+ species of birds and 2 species of fruit bats.

Calero-Salong Seagrass Corals MPA

Established in 2017, the Calero-Salong Seagrass and Corals MPA has a total area of
107 hectares containing both seagrass meadows and coral reefs.

Maidlang Mangrove and Beach Forest Reserve

Located near the Silonay Mangrove Conservation Ecopark, the MPA in Barangay
Maidlang was established in 2019 to protect the 60 hectares of mangrove and beach
forest in the area.

Mahal na Pangalan Marine Park

Recently established in 2020 prior to the pandemic, the Mahal na Pangalan Marine Park
has a total area of 114 hectares comprising 92 ha of coral reefs, 8 ha of mangrove
forest, and 7 ha of seagrass beds.

Law Enforcement
The Bantay Dagat (Fish Warden) Community Brigade enforces MPAs and fishery laws
in the municipal waters. They ensure that the No-Take MPAs are safeguarded from any
extraction or illegal fishing activities. There are currently 12 Bantay Dagats tasked to
protect 26,000 hectares of Calapan City waters, equivalent to around 600,000
basketball courts placed side by side. They work hand in hand with the Maritime Police.