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Recommended Practice to DP-Related

Documentation for DP Vessels


IMCA M109 Rev. 4.0
December 2023
The International Marine Contractors Association (IMCA) is the international trade association representing
offshore marine contractors, service companies, energy companies, and the industry’s supply chain.

Our mission is to improve performance in the marine contracting industry. For over 25 years IMCA has maintained an
important body of knowledge to assist our industry in the form of published documents promoting good practice across
a wide range of technical and professional disciplines. Documents have a self-explanatory title and are catalogued using
a code containing letters and numbers. The letter indicates the discipline, and the number is sequential within the
discipline.

Members are expected to adopt the contents of the IMCA technical library as a minimum standard in accordance with our
document designation and grading system, see https://www.imca-int.com/publications/

Legal Notice

IMCA’s store terms and conditions are available at https://www.imca-int.com/legal-notices/terms/ and apply to all
downloads from IMCA’s website, including this document.

IMCA makes every effort to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in the documents it publishes, but
IMCA shall not be liable for any guidance and/or recommendation and/or statement herein contained. The information
contained in this document does not fulfil or replace any individual’s or Member’s legal, regulatory or other duties or
obligations in respect of their operations. Individuals and Members remain solely responsible for the safe, lawful and
proper conduct of their operations.

IMCA M109 Rev. 4.0


Document designation: This document is categorised as a Recommended Practice.

Feedback – If you have any comments on this document, please email us: feedback@imca-int.com

Version History
Date Reason Revision
December 2023 Reviewed and upgraded to a Recommended Practice in 2023 as part of the Rev. 4.0
IMCA Governance strategy.
Language and phrasing updated to reflect current Industry thinking.
October 2020 Minor Amendment to Section 4 Rev. 3.1
January 2019 Review and update Rev. 3
June 2016 Review and update Rev. 2
February 2006 Review and update of 109 DPVOA IMCA M 109 Rev. 1
1993 Initial publication 109 DPVOA
Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

Table of Contents

1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 History of This Document ................................................................................................................ 5
1.2 Scope................................................................................................................................................ 5
1.3 Objective .......................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Abbreviations Used ............................................................................................................ 6
3 General DP System Documentation on DP Vessels .............................................................. 7
3.1 Certification, Official Documentation and Standard Guidance ....................................................... 7
3.1.1 Statutory and Classification Documents ............................................................................. 7
3.1.2 Safety and Management ..................................................................................................... 7
3.1.3 Operational Manuals and Contractual Standards ............................................................... 8
3.1.4 Quality and Inspection......................................................................................................... 8
3.1.5 Manufacturer’s Manuals ..................................................................................................... 9
4 Recommendations Regarding DP Operational Documentation .......................................... 10
4.1 Interface Document ....................................................................................................................... 10
4.2 DP Operations Manual ................................................................................................................... 10
4.2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 10
4.2.2 Organisation and Responsibility ........................................................................................ 10
4.2.3 Vessel Data ........................................................................................................................ 11
4.2.4 DP Philosophy .................................................................................................................... 12
4.2.5 DP Design Philosophy ........................................................................................................ 12
4.2.6 DP System Description ...................................................................................................... 12
4.2.7 Standing Orders Regarding DP Operations ....................................................................... 12
4.2.8 Activity and Well-Specific Operating Guidance (ASOG/WSOG) ........................................ 13
4.2.9 DP Guidelines..................................................................................................................... 14
4.2.10 Capability Plots .................................................................................................................. 14
4.2.11 DP Checklists (Bridge and Engine Room)........................................................................... 15
4.2.12 Field Arrival Trials .............................................................................................................. 15
4.2.13 Onboard Checklists ............................................................................................................ 15
4.2.14 DP Trials Procedure ........................................................................................................... 16
4.2.15 Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) ......................................................................... 16
4.2.16 DP Station Keeping Event Reporting Policy ....................................................................... 17
4.3 Vessel Operations Manual ............................................................................................................. 18
4.4 Activity Specific Operating Guidelines (ASOG) – (Decision Support Tool)..................................... 19
4.5 Logs ................................................................................................................................................ 20
4.6 Operational Files ............................................................................................................................ 21
4.6.1 Special Considerations:...................................................................................................... 22
4.7 Manufacturers’ Manuals ............................................................................................................... 23
4.8 Planned Maintenance .................................................................................................................... 23

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

4.9 Schematic Drawings .......................................................................................................................24


4.10 System Architecture .......................................................................................................................25
5 IMCA Guidance Relating to DP Operations ........................................................................ 26
5.1 IMCA Marine Division Guidance ....................................................................................................26
5.2 IMCA Competence Assurance & Assessment Guidance ................................................................27
5.3 IMCA Diving Division (including AODC) Guidance..........................................................................27
5.4 IMCA Offshore Survey Division Guidance ......................................................................................27
6 References ........................................................................................................................ 28

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

1 Introduction

1.1 History of This Document

This document is a review and update of 1993 IMCA publication 109 DPVOA.

The IMCA's framework for competence assurance and assessment schemes, the Common Marine
Inspection Document (CMID), the International Safety Management (ISM) Code, and lessons learned
were incorporated into the 2004 guidance.

The document was revised in 2016. This recognised activity-specific operating guidelines (ASOG) and
operational and emergency drills. It also recommended keeping records of DP familiarisation and
key DP personnel training. DP operations guidance from IMCA has also been updated.

In June 2017, the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) updated IMO MSC/Circ. 645, Guidelines
for Vessels and Units with Dynamic Positioning (DP) Systems, and issued IMO MSC/1580. The latest
IMO document covers vessels built after June 2017, while the previous one covered DP vessels built
after 1994. Section 4 of the latest document, "Operational Requirements," is an exception that
should be "applied to all new and existing vessels and units, as appropriate." IMO MSC.1/Circ. 1580
references in this IMCA guidance apply to all DP vessels unless otherwise stated because the new
IMO document contains much of the same content.

This document Rev. 4 has been reviewed and upgraded to a Recommended Practice in 2023 as part
of the IMCA Governance strategy.

1.2 Scope

To outline the recommended DP documentation to be maintained onboard an operational DP Vessel.

1.3 Objective

The primary objective is to provide a useful guide and checklist of DP documentation for DP vessels,
both for those on board the vessels and those ashore.

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

2 Abbreviations Used
ASOG Activity specific operating guidelines
CMID Common Marine Inspection Document (IMCA M149)
CV Curriculum vitae
DGPS Differential global positioning system
DOC Document of compliance
DOT Department of Transport (USA)
DP Dynamic positioning
DPVOA Dynamic Positioning Vessels Owners Association
FMEA Failure modes and effect analysis
IMCA International Marine Contractors Association
IMO MSC International Maritime Organization Maritime Safety Committee
ISM International Safety Management
NMD Norwegian Maritime Directorate
NORMAM Brazilian Navy Directorate of Ports and Coasts
ROV Remotely operated vehicle
SMC Safety management certificate
SOLAS International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
UPS Uninterruptible power supply
USCG United States Coast Guard
WSOG Well specific operating guidelines

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

3 General DP System Documentation on DP Vessels


When reviewing the necessary documentation required for a DP vessel whilst operating in DP Control, it is
vital to analyse what relevant equipment is on board, how it is utilised, what activities the vessel will be
involved in when in DP Control, and what the equipment OEM can offer. In respect to the latter, it is critical
that the documentation on board is particular to that vessel and not generic. Dynamic Positioning is utilised
on a wide range of vessels, most notably in the offshore sector for a variety of activities where station keeping
or adherence to track and position is vital. This results in explicit requirements for DP equipment appropriate
to the vessel’s operational use.

Any modifications/changes made to a manufacturer’s standard product on installation need to be clearly


identified in the documents held on board the vessel, as do all subsequent modifications. It would then be
necessary to identify any areas in the documentation which lack this clarity and rectify the deficiency by
provision of appropriate information. DP documentation shall be vessel-specific. When it is not, difficulties
can arise in understanding the system, control, troubleshooting, service and in any subsequent modifications.

The following list contains the fundamental certification and guidelines that are relevant to DP and are
typically maintained on board vessels and in the operators’ company offices.

These documents serve as the foundation of compliance, safety, efficiency, and quality assurance, aligning
with international maritime standards and regulations. The following sections provide a detailed and
structured overview of the essential documents required for DP operations.

3.1 Certification, Official Documentation and Standard Guidance

3.1.1 Statutory and Classification Documents

These documents validate the vessel’s compliance with international standards and
regulations:
 DP Classification certificates: Certifies the vessel’s conformity to recognised DP
standards, reflecting its suitability for specific DP operations.
 ISM document of compliance (DOC) or interim DOC: Evidence that the ship
management company complies with the International Safety Management (ISM) Code,
with the original maintained in the company’s office and a copy available on board.
 ISM safety management certificate (SMC) or interim SMC: Confirms the vessel’s
adherence to the ISM Code and the approved Safety Management System (SMS),
specific to each vessel.
 Relevant statutory instruments: Encompasses applicable national and international
regulations, ensuring lawful maritime operations.

3.1.2 Safety and Management

These documents foster a culture of safety and risk management:


 Safety Management Manual: A detailed guide to the vessel’s safety protocols,
procedures, and practices.
 Flag State Marine Safety Advisory or Safety Notice: Guidelines or advisories issued by
the flag state, specific to the vessel’s flag, enhance maritime safety awareness.
 Reports of Safety Audits: Regular assessments of the vessel’s safety practices,
identifying areas for improvement.

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

 Safety Case (if applicable): A documented demonstration of risk reduction to as low as


reasonably practicable.
 Bridging Document: A Bridging Document is a vital instrument in maritime operations,
serving to align and coordinate the requirements and responses of various parties in
relation to specific aspects of a project. Commonly used to synchronise emergency
response procedures between owners and contractors, it ensures a unified approach to
health, safety, and environmental protection. By defining how two or more safety
management systems coexist, it allows for seamless cooperation and coordination,
typically between the company and the contractor. The Bridging Document serves as a
written commitment that promotes collaboration, even when multiple safety
management systems are in use, whilst maintaining safety and efficiency in focus.

3.1.3 Operational Manuals and Contractual Standards

These manuals and contractual standards guide various vessel operations:


 Vessel Operations Manual: This manual provides a detailed and vessel-specific
overview of the ship’s entire operating structure. It carefully outlines all onboard
systems and the protocols, procedures, and best practices established by operations.
This manual serves as the crew’s essential reference for everything from navigation to
machinery operations, emergency response protocols and normal maintenance
schedules, ensuring that each operation complies with international standards and
vessel-specific requirements. It is intended to promote safety, efficiency and
consistency in all the vessel’s maritime activities.
 DP Operations Manual: This vessel-specific manual is integral to the DP operations of
the respective vessel, providing a comprehensive framework that encompasses the
principles, procedures, limitations, and best practices specific to its DP system. It
includes detailed guidelines on system configuration, operational modes, failure modes
and effects analysis (FMEA), alarm handling, and emergency procedures. Being tailored
to the vessel’s particular DP class, operational requirements, and unique configurations,
the manual serves as an essential reference for the DP operators, supporting crew, and
maintenance personnel. It ensures that DP operations are conducted with precision,
safety, and in accordance with international standards, reflecting the unique
characteristics and capabilities of the vessel.
 Client’s Contractual Standards for Vessel Operations: Defined by the client, these
standards set the international criteria for vessel operations, encapsulating directives,
mandates, and technical specifications essential for operational integrity. They detail
the vessel operator’s duties, ensuring alignment with both the client’s strategic
directives and global maritime regulations. These standards span advanced safety
protocols, environmental compliance, operational methodologies, data reporting, and
performance metrics. It’s imperative for the vessel operator to not only adhere to but
also strive to exceed these standards, thereby promoting a culture of operational
excellence, safety, and environmental responsibility.

3.1.4 Quality and Inspection

These documents ensure continuous quality control:


 Company Quality Assurance Manual: Details the company’s commitment to quality,
with practices, procedures, and standards for operational excellence.

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

 DP Audit and Inspection Reports: Regular assessments of the vessel’s DP operations


against recognised standards.
 Common Marine Inspection Document (IMCA M149): Standardised guidance on
marine inspections for vessels greater than 500 gross tonnage and 24m or more in
length, with the latest version imperative.
 Marine Inspection for Small Workboats (IMCA M189): Standardised guidance on
marine inspections for vessels less than 500 gross tonnage and/or less than 24m in
length, with the latest version imperative

3.1.5 Manufacturer’s Manuals

These manuals provide detailed information on all components, systems, and subsystems:
 Component Manuals: Detailed guides for individual components, including operation,
maintenance, and specifications.
 System Manuals: Covering integrated systems such as DP, energy, communication, and
other vital systems, with an overview of operation, component interactions, and
troubleshooting.
 Subsystem Manuals: Specific to subsystems or modules within larger systems.
 Software and Firmware Documentation: Information on software or firmware,
including updates and version history.
 Maintenance and Troubleshooting Guides: Step-by-step procedures for regular
maintenance and specific troubleshooting.

Additional Notes

Digital Accessibility: In alignment with modern digital practices, digital copies of these
documents must be maintained, ensuring accessibility, searchability, and backup.

Regular Updates: It’s essential to periodically review and update all documents to reflect
changes in international regulations, technological advancements, and operational
modifications.

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

4 Recommendations Regarding DP Operational Documentation


Companies typically maintain Dynamic Positioning (DP) operations manuals, which, due to varying
operational needs and historical practices, might differ significantly in their content and structure. It is crucial
to recognise and address potential redundancies or overlaps between these DP manuals and other onboard
or office-held documents. Such overlaps can lead to confusion, inefficiencies, or even operational
discrepancies. A systematic approach to content harmonisation, periodic reviews, and technical updates
ensures that the DP operational documentation remains accurate, relevant, and in alignment with best
industry practices and international standards.

A helpful format for DP documentation is as follows:

4.1 Interface Document

For DP operations conducted at an installation that necessitates a safety case, an accompanying


interface document is essential to integrate with the installation’s safety case framework. This
document ensures seamless coordination and alignment of safety protocols between the DP
operations and the installation’s established safety parameters.

4.2 DP Operations Manual

The DP operations manual ideally only contains information necessary for operating the vessel whilst
under DP control. The following structure is recommended.

4.2.1 Introduction

Information relating to the purpose of the manual and an index of the contents.

4.2.2 Organisation and Responsibility

In the context of international maritime legislation, this section provides a comprehensive


framework for the organisational structure and explanation of individual responsibilities
within Dynamic Positioning (DP) operations. It is imperative to consult the IMCA C002
Guidance on Competence Assurance and Assessment: Marine Division where relevant.

Outlined below are the roles and their respective responsibilities, ensuring alignment with
global standards of safety, efficiency, and regulatory compliance:
 Office Management: Responsible for the overarching coordination of both
administrative functions and maritime operations, ensuring alignment with
international standards.
 Superintendents: Tasked with the supervision of technical, operational, and safety
aspects, ensuring that operations align with global maritime regulations.
 Operations Managers: Oversee the strategic planning, execution, and monitoring of DP
operations, ensuring that they meet or exceed international benchmarks.
 Master: Holds the ultimate authority on the vessel, ensuring overall safety, navigation,
and compliance with international maritime laws.
 DP Operators: Specialised in the operation, monitoring, and control of the DP system,
ensuring its optimal performance and safety.

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

 Chief Engineer: Leads the vessel’s technical department, ensuring the safety and
efficiency of machinery and systems onboard.
 Watchkeeping Engineers: Tasked with the continuous monitoring, maintenance, and
safety assurance of engineering systems.
 DP Electrical and Electronics Technicians: Oversee the maintenance, troubleshooting,
and safety of DP-related electrical and electronic systems, ensuring they meet
international standards.
 Company DP Authority: Holds overarching responsibility for DP operations’ governance
and standardisation across the fleet. Ensures compliance with international regulations,
drive continuous improvement, and serve as the primary liaison for regulatory bodies
and industry groups.
 Project Manager: Coordinates, plans, and oversees specific maritime projects, ensuring
they align with international standards and company objectives.
 Company Representative: Acts as the bridge between the vessel and the company,
ensuring operations align with organisational policies and international standards.
 Driller: Supervises, ensures safety, and operates drilling equipment, adhering to global
safety and operational standards.
 Toolpusher: Manages the drilling crew and equipment, ensuring operations are in line
with safety protocols and international regulations.
 Offshore Manager (OM): Holds a key role in safeguarding safety, efficiency, and
adherence to global standards in all offshore operations, including oil and gas and
renewables, such as offshore wind farm operations.
 Field Co-Ordinator: Within an offshore wind farm the field co-ordinator is responsible
for coordinating all vessel movements, cargo and personnel transfers within the field

This section defines the lines of command and responsibilities, for example:
 On the Vessel: A clear hierarchy and reporting structure are maintained onboard,
ensuring operations are in line with international maritime regulations.
 Between Vessel and Shore Office: Defined coordination and communication protocols
are established, ensuring seamless operations and alignment between the vessel and
shore-based management.
 In the Shore Office: The organisational structure, responsibilities, and compliance
mechanisms are clearly outlined, ensuring alignment with global maritime standards.

Its purpose is to describe the:


 responsibilities of each person involved in DP operations
 working hours of personnel whilst in DP mode
 requirements for project planning prior to commencement of any project.

4.2.3 Vessel Data

The basic information about the vessel relevant to DP operations, for example:
 a one-page simple diagram clearly showing the location of:
− thrusters

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

− propellers and rudders


− moon pools
− taut wires
− position referencing systems, aerials, etc
− ROV station
− other relevant equipment, for example well service apparatus, cranes, or pipelay
stingers, carousels and/or other subsea equipment.
 a separate sheet(s) could also briefly describe the make, type and operational limits of
each of these systems.

4.2.4 DP Philosophy

This section to describe the company’s philosophy in regard to DP operations, containing


reference to the manufacturer’s manuals where necessary.

4.2.5 DP Design Philosophy

DP Design Philosophy of the vessel to be a high-level description of the redundancy concept.


Generators and thrusters, open or closed bus etc.

4.2.6 DP System Description

An overall description of the DP and periphery systems on the vessel, which also includes:
 control and display information
 a description of available position referencing systems
 a simple line diagram of the DP system specific to the vessel and including all of the
modifications to it
 reference to DP manufacturers’ manuals, which are recommended to be vessel-specific
 simple line diagram of power distribution system and ups
 description of propulsion system, power production and distribution, thrusters, thrust
affected zones, diver umbilical lengths
 description of monitoring and alarms
 communication systems matrix
 DP system operation
 description of procedure for operating the DP system
 description of procedure for setting vessel up prior to going into DP mode, entering DP
mode, maintaining DP mode and coming out of DP mode.

4.2.7 Standing Orders Regarding DP Operations

Describes operational procedures in DP, including:


 Watchkeeping Requirements: Detailed protocols for shifts, qualifications, and
continuous monitoring to maintain operational integrity.

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

 Emergency Response Protocols: Comprehensive guidelines for dealing with various


emergencies, ensuring quick and effective responses.

4.2.8 Activity and Well-Specific Operating Guidelines (ASOG/WSOG)

Tailored guidelines for specific activities or well operations, ensuring precision and relevance
in operations (as per IMCA M220). Describes action to be taken in various operational
scenarios, for example:
 Change in DP Status: Procedures for managing and communicating alterations in DP
operational status.
 Proximity Protocols: Safety measures and distance regulations when near installations,
other vessels, SIMOPS, or obstructions.
 Operational Movement: Guidelines for controlled movement when the vessel is in DP
mode.
 Environmental Considerations: Protocols for operations in limited visibility and other
deteriorating environmental conditions.
 Power Management: Guidelines for scenarios where full thruster power is used.
 System Redundancy: Emergency response and backup protocols for loss of redundancy
in DP systems.
 Handling Excursions: Procedures for managing unexpected position and or heading
deviations or movements.

In addition, the Standing Orders should also:


 Define station keeping limits in DP mode: Accurate definitions and defined boundaries
for station keeping, reinforcing operational safety and accuracy.
 DP References and Navigational Aids: Comprehensive guidance on DP references,
encompassing DGNSS and the integration of emerging station-keeping navigational
tools onboard.
 DP Status and Alert Levels: Definitions and protocols related to DP operational status
and alert levels, ensuring clarity in operations.
 Communication Protocols: Defined communication protocols between the Master, DP
operators, project control, operations control, company representatives, OCM, and
OIM, ensuring uninterrupted and coherent information exchange.
 Record-Keeping and Reporting: Guidelines for recording instructions, actions, and
occurrences, with an emphasis on detail, especially with regard to DP excursions.
 Information Sharing: Protocols for sharing critical operational information, such as
diver umbilical lengths, with relevant parties.
 Mooring and Anchoring Standards: Defined standards for operations within anchor
patterns and multipoint mooring systems, ensuring safety and efficiency.
 Third-Party Access to DP Systems: Company policies regarding third-party access to DP
computers, Cybersecurity, navigational inputs, and related systems, ensuring security
and integrity.
 DP Drills and Simulations: Detailed protocols for routine DP operational and emergency
drills, emphasising readiness and continuous skill development.

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

4.2.9 DP Guidelines
 Contains the company’s operational guidelines specific to DP, reflecting the latest
industry practices and compliance with relevant statutory requirements and industry
standards. This includes adherence to international and national regulations, such as
IMO, DOT, NMD, USCG, IMCA, and NORMAM.
 Details guidelines and recommended practices relevant to the vessel and explains
company’s policy regarding these documents.
 References flag state guidance, regulations and official notices.

4.2.10 Capability Plots

The following plot types should be available onboard:


 Worst-Case Failure Analysis: This provides an in-depth representation of the vessel’s
DP capability when faced with the most challenging failure scenario. Such analysis is
crucial for ensuring preparedness for unforeseen events and determining the
operational limits as established by the ASOG. The derived data from the Worst-Case
Failure (WCF) analysis is essential to effectively set these limits.
 Intact Operation: Demonstrates the vessel’s DP capability under optimal conditions
with all systems functioning as intended.
 Thruster Combinations: Analyses the vessel’s capability with different combinations of
thrusters in operation, providing insights into the system’s adaptability and resilience.
 Online Capability Plotting: If the vessel’s DP software encompasses an “Online
Capability Plot” feature with the ability to simulate position-maintenance conditions,
there is no requirement to maintain physical (paper) capability plots onboard. However,
this manual should include:
− Simulation Case Definitions: This section requires a thorough analysis of the
scenarios and parameters utilised for the simulations. It must include, at a
minimum, the conditions for both intact operations and Worst-Case Failure (WCF)
scenarios. The definitions should be clearly articulated, encompassing all relevant
variables, constraints, and assumptions to ensure that the simulations accurately
represent potential real-world conditions.
− Limiting Conditions at Most Unfavourable Directions: This part provides an
exhaustive enumeration of conditions that could pose challenges to the vessel’s DP
capability, with particular emphasis on adverse or unfavourable directions. It
should include a systematic assessment of environmental factors, equipment
limitations and other potential obstacles that could affect the vessel’s ability to
maintain position or course. The identification of these limiting conditions is vital
for risk mitigation and operational planning, ensuring that the vessel’s DP system is
prepared to respond effectively to any challenges that may arise.
− Envelopes of Capability: The capability plots can be represented in two primary
formats:
− Wind Speed Envelopes: These plots showcase the vessel’s DP capability against
varying wind speeds, providing a clear understanding of operational limits under
different wind conditions.

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

− Thrust Utilisation Envelopes: These plots focus on the vessel’s thrust usage under
various scenarios, offering insights into the efficiency and effectiveness of the
propulsion systems.

Wherever possible, actual operational data should be integrated into these plots to provide
a real-world perspective on the vessel’s DP performance, enhancing the accuracy and
reliability of the capability assessment. For a comprehensive understanding and further
details, reference should be made to IMCA M140.

4.2.11 DP Checklists (Bridge and Engine Room)


 Checklist for completion prior to setting up in DP including blank forms.
 Status check, periodic checklist for completion during DP operations including blank
forms.
 Checklist for completion prior to starting, for example, heavy lifts, running drill strings,
pipe laying, launch/recovery of bell or ROV, diving, motion compensated gangway
operations or any other activity requiring DP.

4.2.12 Field Arrival Trials

A pre-defined programme of tests and checks to be performed prior to the entry into the
area of operation that are designed to confirm the performance of the DP system and can
validate and verify the configuration of the system for the immediate activity.

Before the vessel approaches within 500 meters of an installation or enters the area of
operation, a comprehensive series of tests and checks are to be conducted to ensure the
optimal operation of the DP system. This encompasses:
 full functional checks of thrusters, power generation, auto DP, and joystick/manual
controls
 verification of the DP system setup in alignment with the designated DP capability class,
including bridge manning requirements
 documentation of these checks, which must be retained onboard the vessel
 these trials should be repeated if the vessel returns to the field after an absence of more
than 24 hours.

4.2.13 Onboard Checklists


 DP Watchkeeping Handovers: To ensure seamless transitions between shifts, watch
handovers should occur when the vessel is in a steady state and settled in position.
Utilising a checklist handover ensures all relevant information is passed on to the
oncoming watchkeeper.
 Activity-Specific DP Checklist: Specialised checklists for operations such as heavy lifts,
running drill strings, pipe laying, launch/recovery of equipment, diving, ROV and motion
compensated gangway operations.
 Engine Room DP Checklist: Verification of fuel levels, engine temperatures, operational
status of generators, thrusters, cooling systems, and auxiliary systems, and
communication checks with the bridge.

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Recommended Practice to DP-Related Documentation for DP Vessels

 Periodic DP Operations Checklist: Regular monitoring and verification of position,


heading, environmental conditions, power usage, and reserve, with blank forms for
periodic documentation.
 Pre-Setup DP Checklist: Verification of all DP system alarms, warnings, the operational
status of all position reference systems, power sources, thrusters, and latest weather
forecast.

4.2.14 DP Trials Procedure

Dynamic Positioning (DP) Annual Trials Procedures

This section provides a structured framework for Dynamic Positioning (DP) Annual Trials,
ensuring a rigorous and comprehensive examination of the vessel’s DP system in alignment
with international legislative standards:

Reference to IMCA M190 Guidance for Developing and Conducting DP Annual Trials
Programmes and IMCA M191 Code of practice for DP annual trials for mobile offshore
drilling units serves as the foundational reference for these trials. It provides a detailed
framework, ensuring uniformity, precision, and comprehensiveness in all evaluations. Key
definitions from IMCA M190 include:
 Rolling Tests: Tests on specified components or systems that have been identified as
not being required annually but should be completed within a five-year period.
Note: Rolling tests are not simply a percentage sample of the overall DP Annual Trials
programme and must be clearly defined within the programme.
 Independent Witness: A sufficiently qualified and experienced individual removed from
the day-to-day operational control of the vessel. The independent witness should be
accredited according to the IMCA DP Practitioner Accreditation Scheme.
 Trials Co-ordinator: An individual responsible for the co-ordination of the DP Annual
Trials programme. Preferably the Company DP Authority or their delegate.
 Other Trials: This section also encompasses procedures for specialised or additional
trials pertinent to the vessel or its specific operations. Such trials ensure the DP system’s
adaptability and resilience across a myriad of operational scenarios.

Documented records of these trials should be meticulously maintained onboard for crew
reference and be readily available to charterers upon request. Furthermore, the continued
validity of the flag state verification and acceptance document (FSVAD) and DP verification
and acceptance document (DPVAD) should be assessed.

4.2.15 Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

Contains latest version of FMEA including company’s comments and history of previous
FMEAs. Refers to any relevant additional updates and modifications carried out. In most
cases, updates and modifications may also necessitate the update of related documentation,
including DP Annual Trial Programmes, DP Operations Manuals, and Decision Support Tools,
such as ASOG.

Reference to IMCA M166 and IMO MSC.1/Circ. 1580: The “Guidance on Failure Modes and
Effects Analysis (FMEA) (IMCA M166)” and the “Guidelines for Vessels and Units with
Dynamic Positioning Systems (IMO MSC.1/Circ. 1580)” serve as foundational references for
this section. The latter, issued in June 2017, updated the previous IMO MSC/Circ. 645 and is
applicable to vessels built on or after June 2017. It provides a systematic definition of FMEA

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and emphasises the importance of FMEA proving trials. The document also underscores the
need for an FMEA for equipment classes 2 and 3, ensuring that no single failure results in a
loss of position or heading.

4.2.16 DP Station Keeping Event Reporting Policy

Contains detailed reporting procedure to be followed after a DP event and details the scope
of DP station keeping event information that should be retained. The policy would need to
specify which data is to be captured and preserved, as well as the manner of reporting and
the length of time documents are kept and/or who they are delivered to.

Reportable station keeping events can be categorised as follows:


 DP incident – A major system failure, environmental or human factor which has resulted
in loss of DP capability.
 DP undesired event – a system failure, environmental or human factor which has
caused a loss of redundancy and/or compromised DP capability.
 DP observation – an event that has not resulted in a loss of redundancy or compromised
DP operational capability but is still deemed worthy of sharing.

Different areas of operation, vessel owners, charterers, operators, clients and other parties
involved all could have different jurisdictional and/or administrational requirements
different types of operations might also affect the range of documents retained and the
length of time they are required to be held.

Investigation of even minor station keeping events can require input of a larger amount of
detail than might primarily appear necessary. It could be worthwhile to have a standard
approach to all incidents. Company guidance could include, for example:
 ensuring proper completion of logs
 who to report to and when
 identifying the personnel required to complete a report
 the scope and style of a station keeping event report with a draft example.

The detail of information required, which, depending on the knowledge of the witness, could
include, but not necessarily be limited to:
 witness’s own details, what their position is on the vessel, age, home address,
experience, qualifications, time spent on vessel, how many days on board prior to the
event
 vessel details (see note below)
 broad description of operation being undertaken
 description of witness’s part in the operation, their location, responsibilities, etc.
 Descriptions of equipment/machinery being used by the witness, controls available, etc.
 other personnel at the witness’s location
 positions of vessels, structures, etc.
 details of any courses/headings/tracks and speeds made good/through water of own
and/or other vessels

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 description of environmental conditions, wind direction and force, sea state/height,


swell height(s) and direction(s), tide/current speed and direction, visibility,
precipitation, water depth if applicable
 vessel draught fore and aft, any angle of heel, vessel motion, pitch/roll/heave, relevant
information about deck conditions
 any relevant stability information
 deployment of equipment
 power information – generators online, emergency systems
 communication systems
 how data was recorded
 dates, timings
 complete description of event and any immediate consequences worded so that it will
be understood by non-technical people, with avoidance of ambiguity and any attempts
to apportion blame
 when describing what was seen/heard, a precise indication of the exact location that
witnesses were at when that event was seen/heard by them
 records of verbal exchanges
 indication of what written, automatically printed or other recorded data (e.g. electronic,
video, voice tapes, voyage data recorders etc.) is available if written by the witness,
when it was written
 how to deal with enquiries relating to the station keeping event from out with the
company
 defines the policy of safety meetings and debriefing following an incident.

Note: Regarding vessel details – all of the vessel’s details might not be relevant to every
incident, but they can prove helpful in incident reporting. At least the following should be
considered:
 vessel name
 broad description of type (‘dive support’, etc.)
 length, breadth, and service (loaded) draught
 number of propulsion propellers
 number and disposition of thrusters
 steering systems
 navigational equipment
 engine/thruster controls
 relevant deck equipment involved – winches, windlasses, cranes, etc.

4.3 Vessel Operations Manual

This manual describes the vessel operations external to the DP system. Any reference to the DP
system should reference the DP operations manual. It is mentioned in this guidance because it will

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contain information that is relevant to the use of DP, depending on the operations anticipated for
the particular vessel, for example:
 Dive Support: Procedures and safety measures for underwater operations
 Well Servicing: Maintenance, repair, and optimisation of oil or gas wells
 Trenching: Techniques and equipment used for subsea trench creation
 Cable Laying: Procedures for deploying underwater cables for communication or power
transmission
 Pipe Laying: Deployment of subsea pipelines for fluid or gas transport
 ROV Operation: Utilisation of Remotely Operated Vehicles for various underwater tasks
 Shuttle Tanker Operations: Transfer of crude oil from offshore oil fields to onshore refineries
 Survey: Conducting marine surveys for various purposes, including geological and
environmental
 Dredging & Rock Dumping: Excavation and removal of sediments from the seabed and
subsequent rock placement
 Helicopter Operations: Procedures for safe helicopter take-off, landing, and operations in
maritime environments
 Crane Operations: Safe and efficient use of onboard cranes for lifting and moving heavy objects
 Heavy Lift Operations: Handling and transportation of oversized cargo or equipment
 Wind Farm Operations: Procedures and safety measures for the installation and maintenance
of offshore wind turbines
 Rig Moves: Safe and efficient relocation of drilling rigs
 Supply Operations: Procedures for the transfer of goods, equipment, and personnel between
vessels or between a vessel and an offshore installation
 Other Station Keeping & Subsea/Construction Activities: Encompassing a range of tasks related
to maintaining a vessel’s position and various subsea construction tasks
 Navigation and Docking: Best practices and procedures for safely navigating and docking the
vessel in various conditions.

4.4 Activity Specific Operating Guidelines (ASOG) – (Decision Support Tool)

An ASOG defines the operational, environmental and equipment performance limits for the location
for the specific activity the vessel is undertaking. The performance limits are established based on
the level of risk. A DP vessel may have a number of different ASOG, each applying to different
locations, activities and levels of risk.

The ASOG should provide:


 Risk-Based Performance Limits: The establishment of performance limits within the ASOG is
predicated on a comprehensive risk assessment. This ensures that operational boundaries are
set in accordance with the inherent risks associated with the location and the activity.
 The flexibility of ASOG: A vessel may be fitted with multiple ASOG due to the broad nature of
DP vessel operations. Each of these decision support tools is adapted for different locations.,
activities, and associated risk profiles. The terms Well Specific Operating Guidelines (WSOG),

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Field Specific Operating Guidelines (FSOG) and Location Specific Operating Guidelines (LSOG)
denote equivalent concepts as applied by specific offshore sectors.
 Presentation and Interpretation: Typically, the ASOG is structured in a tabular format,
employing a color-coded traffic light system. This visual representation facilitates fast and
accurate interpretation of status changes, ensuring timely responses.
 Incorporation of Worst-Case Scenarios: A robust ASOG is underpinned by a thorough
understanding of the Worst-Case Failure Design Intent (WCFDI) and the documented Worst Case
Failure (WCF). This foundational knowledge enables the inclusion of diverse configurations,
especially those pertinent to Task Appropriate Mode (TAM) and Critical Activity Mode (CAM).
 Predictable Failure Effects: The ASOG benefits from insights derived from the Failure Modes
and Effects Analysis (FMEA) Proving Trials and subsequent Annual DP Trials. By understanding
and documenting the predictable outcomes of potential failures, the ASOG becomes a more
resilient and reliable tool for operational guidance.

For further understanding of operational activity planning within the context of ASOG, refer to the
IMCA M220 Guidance on Operational Activity Planning.

4.5 Logs

Definition of a log: A log refers to a record or entry of events, actions, transactions, or occurrences
that are systematically recorded in chronological order. It is often used to maintain a historical record
of activities, changes, or data points. Logs are widely used in various fields such as technology,
science, business, and more.

This section provides guidance for describing which logs are compiled whilst in DP and what
information they would contain. This could include, but not be limited to:
 DP log describing times and dates of various DP operations, such as, for example:
− vessel going into DP
− diving or other operations requiring DP, for example:
- times of diving bells leaving surface and reaching working depth
- times of divers leaving/entering diving bell and reaching/leaving worksite
- instructions that were received from dive/subsea operation control
− other relevant activities depending on type of operation (for example, as listed in
Section 4.3)
− key DP personnel coming on/going off shift
− faults occurring in DP system(s)
− times and details of connecting lines to installations.
 Diving Operations: Detailed logs capturing:
− times of diving bells departing the surface and achieving working depth.
− timestamps of divers transitioning from and to the diving bell, and their movements to and
from the worksite.
− instructions relayed from dive/subsea operation control.

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 Specialised Operations: Documentation of other relevant activities, depending on the type of


operation.
 Personnel Shifts: Records of key DP personnel shifts, ensuring continuity and accountability.
 System Faults: Detailed logs of any anomalies or disruptions in the DP system
 DP hours: Log with running total of time spent in DP
 DP Operator Logbook: A dedicated log capturing the total operational hours of each DP
operator, cross-referenced with platforms like the IMCA DP logbook for validation.
 Advanced Data Logging Devices: Integration of electronic, video, voice recording, and other
advanced logging devices to provide a comprehensive view of DP operations.
 Digital and Remote Logging Trends: With the maritime industry’s digital transformation, there’s
a shift from traditional paper logs to digital platforms. Advantages of such platforms include:
− Automated Entries: Direct data capture from onboard systems
− Remote Access: Real-time monitoring and access from any location
− Data Security: Advanced encryption and backup mechanisms
− Environmental Efficiency: Reduced paper consumption.

4.6 Operational Files

The following available and kept up to date:


 DP Trials and Studies:
− DP Trials: A comprehensive record of all relevant DP trials conducted on the vessel.
− FMEA or FMECA: Current versions, incorporating all modifications and additions since the
original study, maintained through traceable means.
− DP FMEA Proving Trials: Conducted to prove initial and subsequent modifications to the DP
system, repeated every five years.
− Annual DP Trials: Conducted annually with previous reports and close-out documentation
retained.
 Capability and Footprint Plots:
− DP Capability Plots: DP Capability Plots: Relevant to the vessel’s areas of operations and
accessible to DPOs at the DP control station. Hard copies should be maintained unless there
is an online capability plot system in place, in which case the online version can be utilised,
ensuring that it is readily accessible and up to date.
− DP Footprint Plots: Hard copies taken by DPOs and kept on board. Note 1
 Service, Modification, and Audit Records:
− Service Reports: Complete history concerning the DP system.
− DP-Related Modifications and Additions: Including interface and testing information.
− Audit and Inspection Reports: Complete history, including findings and close-outs.
 Manuals and Procedures:
− DP Operations Manual: Vessel-specific and readily accessible at the DP control station.

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− DP Mobilisation, Field Arrival, and Trials Procedures: Including Bridge and Engine Room
records.
− DP Location and Watchkeeping Checklists: Maintained for the period set by the
owner/operator.
 Incident Reports:
− DP Incident Reports: Comprehensive documentation detailing all DP-related incidents,
encompassing thorough investigations, findings, corrective actions taken, and the
subsequent close-out procedures. These reports serve as a critical reference for enhancing
safety protocols, understanding vulnerabilities, and ensuring continuous improvement in
DP operations.
− DP Fault Log: Permanent records related to the DP system.
 Data Logging and Alarm Records:
− DP Data Logging: Electronic records kept for the period set by the owner/operator.
− DP Alarm Printer Readouts: Hard copy records maintained on board.
 Personnel Records and Training:
− DP Familiarisation and Competency Records: For All key DP Personnel.
− CVs and Vessel-specific Experience Records: Including copies of certification, qualifications,
and DP watchkeeping hours for all key DP personnel.
 Maintenance and Analysis Records:
− Maintenance File: Records of all maintenance on the DP system and related equipment,
including sensors.
− Engine and Thruster Records: Operating hours, lube oil and fuel oil analysis, and
maintenance of power switchboards and communication systems.
 Digital and Remote Logging Systems:
− Integration with Platforms like Information Management Systems, and Fleet Management
applications: Enabling automated entries, remote access, data security, and environmental
efficiency.

4.6.1 Special Considerations:

Note 1: It is recognised that DP Footprint Charts can be of varying relevance depending on


the type of vessel. For DP Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODUs), these plots may be less
pertinent compared to other DP vessel types, reflecting the industrial mission and
requirements of MODUs.

Note 2: Maintaining comprehensive and accurate records and documentation is essential,


particularly concerning modifications and additions that could impact the DP system. This
includes special attention to interfaces between equipment from different vendors. Such
documentation ensures traceability, system integrity, and compliance with international
standards, facilitating both routine operations and potential troubleshooting or system
enhancements.

The above documentation ensures robust, resilient, and transparent DP operations, aligning
with evolving industry guidance and demonstrating a commitment to continuous
improvement and adherence to global best practices.

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4.7 Manufacturers’ Manuals

Each DP vessel is likely to have, as a minimum, the following manufacturers’ manuals available on
board in the vicinity of the DP operations room, in the appropriate language and where possible
vessel-specific:
 DP system manufacturer’s operating manual
 DP system manufacturer’s maintenance guide
 DP system manufacturer’s fault-finding chart
 DP sensor operation and maintenance manual
 operating and maintenance manuals for other relevant navigational aids.

The following manuals are also recommended to be vessel specific, available on the vessel in the
appropriate language and where they can be accessed quickly by the personnel who will need them:
 power management system operation and maintenance manual
 UPS system operation and maintenance manual
 engine operation and maintenance manuals
 engine spare parts manuals
 thruster operation and maintenance manuals
 thruster spare parts manuals
 switchboard operation and maintenance manual
 operation and maintenance manuals for all engineering equipment on board vessel
 operation and maintenance manuals for the communication systems
 documents showing hardware and software version numbers of relevant systems
 appropriate back-up copies of software where possible.

4.8 Planned Maintenance

DP vessels will have a planned maintenance system to comply with the ISM Code. The planned
maintenance system could include but not be limited to the following:
 DP System Maintenance: Regular checks, calibrations, and updates to ensure optimal
performance and seamless integration with other onboard systems.
 Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS): Routine maintenance to ensure continuous power supply,
especially during critical operations.
 Power Management System (PMS): Regular monitoring and optimisation of power distribution
to ensure energy efficiency and minimise operational downtimes.
 Switchboards: Periodic inspections and maintenance of electrical switchboards to prevent
electrical failures and ensure seamless power distribution.
 Engine Room Equipment: Comprehensive checks of all machinery and systems within the engine
room to ensure smooth operations and prevent unforeseen breakdowns.
 Auxiliary Systems: Routine checks of all supporting systems that aid the primary operations of
the vessel, ensuring they function optimally and in harmony with other systems.

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 Thrusters: Regular inspections and maintenance to ensure efficient propulsion and


manoeuvrability of the vessel.
 Oil Sampling: Periodic sampling and analysis of oils used in various machinery to detect
contaminants, assess quality, and determine the need for replacement or purification.
 Communication Systems: Ensuring robust and uninterrupted communication channels both
internally within the vessel and externally, by regularly updating and maintaining all
communication equipment.
 Maintenance Records: Meticulous documentation of all maintenance activities, modifications,
upgrades, and replacements carried out on these systems must be readily accessible onboard
for verification, review, and continuous improvement purposes.
 CAM Performance Tests: The performance tests outlined in the CAM are crucial to ensure that,
in the event of a worst-case single failure, the vessel remains within operational limits while in
dynamic positioning. The execution of CAM tests, as outlined in IMCA M220, at the defined
periodicity is fundamental for achieving the green status. Beyond the minimum required tests
mentioned in Section 2.3, the maintenance sector should anticipate complementary
evaluations. The management and evaluation of CAM tests are also a vital part of the equipment
integrity management for DP operations.
 Maintenance Indicators: Monitoring the process is a critical aspect of the continuous
improvement cycle and risk containment. Understanding performance in maintenance
compliance enhances process efficiency, directing efforts to areas of greater interest. With a
focus on DP assurance, specific indicators can provide insights into a vessel’s “health” and the
maintenance management’s “health”.
 Operational Parameter Monitoring and Corrective Development: Ensuring the operation of
critical equipment within operational parameters is the first step to guarantee reliability and
integrity. Properly monitoring operational parameters allows for corrective maintenance to be
carried out without necessarily experiencing failure.
 Predictive Analysis: The advancement in predictive analysis offers increased equipment
reliability and allows for maintenance routine adjustments based on the presented analyses.
Predictive analyses, when conducted at appropriate intervals, can identify potential future
failures, allowing for planned corrective actions to prevent equipment failure during operations.
 Maintenance Standardisation: The existence of a well-structured maintenance department
should be reflected in one or more maintenance standards that encapsulate all related
processes, roles, responsibilities, and treatment flows related to preventive, predictive, or
corrective maintenance.

Records of all maintenance and modifications carried out on these systems should be readily
available.

4.9 Schematic Drawings

Drawings should be available on the vessel describing the layout of all systems including all
modifications that have been made. Such schematic drawings could include, but not be limited to:
 DP systems
 alarm systems
 position referencing systems (PRSs)
 power production systems

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 power distribution systems


 UPS
 propulsion and steering and their control systems
 communications systems.

Relevant duplicate drawings should be made available at the DP operations room and/or on
computer as well as in the relevant company office.

4.10 System Architecture

An index on the vessel and in the company, office detailing all the documentation kept and its
location in order that the information can be accessed easily when required. This could be kept in
both electronic and/or hard copy formats. A system should be established to update documents
when modifications or equipment changes are made.

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5 IMCA Guidance Relating to DP Operations


IMCA documentation that should be available onboard the vessel includes:

5.1 IMCA Marine Division Guidance


IMCA M103 Guidelines for the design and operation of dynamically positioned vessels
IMCA M113 Guidelines for vessels with dynamic positioning systems (MSC Circular 645)
IMCA M117 Code of practice for the training and experience of key DP personnel
IMCA M119 Fires in (DP) vessels
IMCA M125 Safety interface document for a DP vessel working near an offshore platform
IMCA M134 A comparison of moored and dynamically positioned diving support vessels
IMCA M140 Specification for DP capability plots
IMCA M149 Common Marine Inspection Document
IMCA M159 Guidance on thruster-assisted station keeping by FPSOs and similar turret-moored
vessels
IMCA M163 Guidelines for the quality assurance and quality control of software
IMCA M166 Guidance on failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA)
IMCA M167 Guidance on the IMCA eCMID system
IMCA M182 International guidelines for the safe operation of dynamically positioned offshore
supply vessels
IMCA M189 Common marine inspection document for small workboats (Marine inspection
document for small workboats)
IMCA M190 Code of practice for developing and conducting DP annual trials programmes
IMCA M200 Deep water acoustic positioning
IMCA M203 Guidance on simultaneous operations (SIMOPS)
IMCA M206 A guide to DP electrical power and control systems
IMCA M220 Guidance on operational activity planning
IMCA M223 Guidance for the positioning of dynamically positioned (DP) jack-up vessels on and
off the seabed
IMCA M225 Example redundancy concept and annual DP trials for a DP class 3 construction
vessel
IMCA M235 Guidance on the shared use of sensors for survey and positioning purposes
IMCA M242 Guidance on satellite-based positioning systems for offshore applications
IMCA M244 Guidance on vessel USBL systems for use in offshore survey, positioning and DP
operations
IMCA M245 Guidelines for vessels and units with dynamic positioning (DP) systems
(MSC/Circ.1580)
IMCA M247 Guidance to identify DP system components and their failure modes
IMCA M252 Guidance on position reference systems and sensors for DP operations

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5.2 IMCA Competence Assurance & Assessment Guidance


IMCA C002 Guidance on competence assurance and assessment: Marine Division

5.3 IMCA Diving Division Guidance


IMCA D010 Diving operations from vessels operating in dynamically positioned mode

5.4 IMCA Offshore Survey Division Guidance

IMCA S023 Guidelines on the shared use of sensors for survey and positioning purposes

Visit the IMCA website at www.imca-int.com for a list of all current guidance and to identify what
other documents might apply to the specific vessel/operations.

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6 References
 IMCA C002 Guidance on Competence Assurance and Assessment: Marine Division
 IMCA M140 Specification for DP capability plots
 IMCA M149 Common Marine Inspection Document
 IMCA M166 Guidance on failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA)
 IMCA M190 Code of Practice for Developing and Conducting DP Annual Trials Programmes
 IMCA M220 Guidance on Operational Activity Planning

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