QUESTION # 5

a) Highlight the problems in using projectors in the classrooms.

Answer
PROJECTORS

By projected aids we mean those aids where a bright light is passed through a transparent
picture, and by means of a lens, an enlarged picture is thrown or projected on the screen.
Projected aids mainly fall into three groups, via; opaque projections, transparent still projections
and cine projections. The Overhead projector has opened a new dimension in communication. It
represents a lot of improvement over magic lantern, slide and film projectors. The name
‘Overhead projector’ comes from the fact that the projected image is behind and over the head of
the speaker/teacher. In overhead projection, a transparent visual is placed on a horizontal stage
on top of light source. The light passes through this transparency and then is reflected at 90°
angle on the screen at eh back of the speaker. The over head projector is the most used in all
audio visual aids. It projects transparencies with brilliant screen images suitable for use in a
lighted room. The teacher can write or draw diagrams on the transparency while he teaches;
these are projected simultaneously on the screen by the OHP.

PROBLEMS

 Projectors create an unfavorable environment

 Installing projectors in each classroom would be expensive

 The projectors would noticeably increase the electricity charges

 Using projectors would give students a favorable environment to get involved in

malicious activities

 The projector would take most of the space

  There would be a lot of noise

Projectors create an unfavorable environment

For projectors to project a bigger, sharper, and brighter image, it has to be installed and
used in a favorable environment. The dark or 100% light-controlled room is a favorable
environment for the projectors. Movies can be watched in a dorm room, however, for a
classroom, it might not be a favorable environment. The students would not be able to read or
take notes. All they can do is ask questions while staring at a big bright screen.

Installing projectors in each classroom would be expensive

Projectors are not only expensive to get, they are just as expensive to maintain as well.
First, you would burn a hole in the pocket and get one projector for each room, and then
installation and maintenance costs would be any other plus.

The projectors would noticeably increase the electricity charges

It is believed that an HDTV consumes a lot of electricity. The projector’s case is a bit
more serious, the said electronic device even consumes more electricity than the HDTV.
Therefore, having a projector in each classroom would noticeably increase the electricity
charges.

Get involved in malicious activities

To give a lecture on a projector the lights of the classroom have to be turned off. The
non-serious students would take it as an opportunity to get involved in malicious activities. They
would not be able to concentrate on the lecture and will keep disturbing the other students as
well.
The projector would take most of the space

Even if the projector is small in size still, a little amount of space would be required to
install the projector and the screen. To sprinkle salt to the wounds, you might have to add
external speakers as well. Even if you bring a Bluetooth speaker to connect, there would still be a
mess.

There would be a lot of noise

Most projectors are noisy. Even if we take steps to make the projector quiet, they would
still produce noise. Therefore, if the classroom is noisy how would students be able to hear the
professor. Moreover, it would give the students and the teacher a headache.

QUESTIO # 5

b) What steps are required for preparing effective audio visual

aids?
Answer
Audio-visual aids are intended to impart knowledge to the pupils through senses to
ensure quick and effective learning. No wise teacher can ignore the use of aids in order to make
his lesson more interesting and real. It is an admitted fact that the child learns through the senses
of sight and hearing have a great share in this process.

For selecting the audio visual material these points may be kept in mind:

Audio visual aids should be integrated with learning.

Should be according to the age, intelligence and experiences of the students.
Should be suiting the physical, psychological, intellectual and social development of the
group.
Language should be familiar and understandable.
Should be accurate, truthful and realistic.
 Should be motivational and highly informative.
Should be available in the need.

 Following steps are required for preparing effective audio visual aids

1. Less Is More

If you have a choice to use an image versus text, choose an image. Research has shown
that text is counterproductive to learning, while visuals resonate with listeners and aid memory
retention. Ensure each slide of your presentation has more white space than text. Refrain from
putting hard-to-read charts with overwhelming data on slides. If you have information like that
worth sharing, provide handouts to your attendees after the meeting adjourns.

2. Bullet Points Are Un impactful

While bullet points are a great way to summarize your data, too many of them can be a
chore to read. Keep the information you want to share within your message, not on the slide. If
there are specific numbers or data worth emphasizing, place them on slides by themselves. Even
two bullet points on one slide can diminish the impact of them both. The goal is for the
information to resonate with your audience so they remember what is said long after the
presentation ends. Allocate one slide per support point to ensure that happens.

3. Don't Cause Animation Overwhelm

Using too many different animations can make you look unprofessional and
inexperienced. Choose one type of animation option and stick with it throughout the
presentation. Allow it to create a natural, predictable flow to your information. For instance, if
you want your bullet points to swipe, choose one direction – such as left to right – and maintain
that throughout. Refrain from using sounds and anything else that can be overly distracting to
your message. It’s all about informing your audience, not entertaining them.
4. Clip Art Is Cheesy

While clip art is good for a giggle, it doesn’t deliver high-impact data the way classic,
professional photography does. Consider purchasing images from stock photography sites to help
add substance to your slides. One impactful picture coupled with a brief informational point
resonates with audiences and helps them remember the data point more easily. Many
presentation tools now offer the use of video files, too. If you want to provide a concrete
example of a message you’re making, consider using a video clip demonstration.

5. Make It Uniquely You

One way to captivate your audience and give them a unique meeting experience is to
design your presentation from scratch. Consider creating slides with a unique look. Refrain from
using a standard template provided within the presentation tool. Your personalized touch will
appeal to your audience and best represent you as the speaker.

6. Use the Right Data Displays

When you want to demonstrate numbers or results on a slide, consider the best way to
display them first. Tables can be difficult to read and may feel too bland. Graphs and charts, on
the other hand, can give you an opportunity to add eye-catching color and visuals to your deck.
Whether you’re using a pie chart, line chart or bar graph, maintain the less-is-more rule by using
no more than four numbers. Keep the images large, bright and bold. Refrain from adding any
other text or data to the slide. Let the displayed data speak for itself.

7. Sort Smarter

The next time you prepare for a presentation, consider the experience your audience has
sitting through them. Create a presentation that is unique, simple and straightforward. Allow
your message to resonate with the support of your slides. Creating a captivating presentation
ensures your audience will remember your message and act upon what you have to say.