LiqUID SOLID ype Nakusal

natuse
þeat, occume
9)0TB0
" in *Lulstams
omiustion
Astilcial
tiliastiially
Bel pabu', petisieuw as
anthnate |USoed,
þeat,
Coacoalignite
dung'bitumncus suclh DA
o Phimay
Natural cealgnalld om
Seuonday COMBUSTION
wusaly to FUELS
AND
ond as quve
tas ctitd
e
kto. kulmahuval enn4
orqorie
himasy s naturallels:
:Fuels tuels kor
pömasy gasse venk in
&vanieuy
|Petrol,
duesl which
luuls
Coal Chasceal,
toke
Artificialon wtich natne
pebolewm called
kulasse is
a5, ct eq. ase kla
ase tbood Coaly
found ,
preparedoo0o0 FUEL. that
Buondauy
m undosgo
t
 # Conteut
CaNson
0T80
CLASSIFICATION
ANALYSIS
canonhes OPeat
40-
+
Prezimate linute
Bitumingus
astsen
-Woistue
Velatil
entent
tiudcententAsh
entent
OP 50/- ’
esULinate COAL 70-80tani’vom OF
COAL
(2maks)

naton
mination
Ash ++s
ceHdetsminaton
detemonaton N

Analysu
atg
 "Mthod >MoistuN Bserimate
: #
Volatl ’
esnt
Volatilu Qetemwination meistue
contenttie 110c Meistue PROXIMATE
lovtent
Valailo ucisti fhenemuha. coal lontent
las samp
wntont ompoundsi 1hewi.Ate is should dalyss
cha thun ANALYSIS
as
thle sample þlaud it le i
au
ot.
(4-2) áa in the
ible this in *
which the nat ast amalysis
le ,the an
mimimumcemponents suppete
amaunt
uaible ortn
do s
nat maintaned the in phycal
contiblte is cennutim am
nd taken
qass ideal prafputs
towards et at
 ’ itiakn Mule "Method:
the calesifi ’Velatle
"1Method:
ententthus,lasom
Pentage
lasson
fxud valstion.t
e Ash plntage
welatilu
contt
cuiblu is 9%vm
ontent
am tunale a ontnt
iduab ust, af makeswwtnt
ceeled useigut
at thl l
= al
imNASs wt. 00 od Mulßte is
400- of , huel luul calutatcd
sannple coal bulighed tuwnae
for95am messywhict
te sAmle 30
must
calasilio minuts'. ull dous
& X(00 450C(×
atby
au be also aing
ave grama nat
r
tle vale paud lousss'te
tindngo
hugw ).Aften ulle
Tnumutes
o
un
the ts
ash] tasion comlu
,
 Ay
9cstdatnnnatow " - ’also #
byou
" kimilasdy,aniydseus and Cally
thamlsn
dreusatenq Method ’An OLTIMATE
0, asscmbly
determne
futi.
LH,0 taken KoH it iduat kla
tule Bhe
us mitsn aseot ub tlemuntal
juwtht.O, (i +CO,K,0g +Hz0
2KOH is the ANALYSIS
Colu,tTH,0a,-7Ha0 sut must
produad 9hams)L kusts
ui
kus
tho elmunta
watts iwelwinga p
isposs auckly. Calhays
hae Analyis **
Lupplicd
a anhy. higu puunt
alsOsedsy Chuzegins aliibykes inaluding coneald
KoH Z content as
in in in
thetule the the this
cemlstn
of coal
ohomes weigt C2 avnaysis
koH (yi Has amble
tule) meste. anby
at
& we
 tha tinethod amuMeia)(to ’Nibrgen
s kulthus V,=tetalusedneutralue
aid Metthod
’to ontibt
hoHzSoy deteninaton
4N, NoD
t iu
caluattd, acid
-N, coal ditesmine
d'rem deus Volume
= canustdaleng wntent does
net to
usnq (V-V2) le by h the
utdatexmusätu Bunet
contibute calclatd
ef
aananonia calbifie
t.acid Kg50, N, support
bomo ag
te coab wsed (catalyst).coalu vale
catorunetes ucl as comdsustign
is
wanng Samplo ibtrated
x
Nonvaibyx (0-1)heàtsdtly
Kae
twwasds the
taklv trom kjeldahl't fucl.
tus
sotaned te
1e4 the it 18
calolie t ha
volmeycone.muthod.metkoddeesnt
N2
 *AOALORIFIC
tis dtemination
VALUE # dnalysla)i
Rorimate Asw’ - thePuing
gosd
t' eipitakel.
shula 100--
utesminaten
Crygun washings
kub dalind this,
peduuetheuld o So
aset#+NAS t0,S0
+ S aulblhus
aso
the Bal, beaked.
lasg have tetal URghta ie
nvested
ohnount hig quamtiy tAsh (2g)
Basoyh wuk
coal
caloiuliu Bal, unto
Sample
o heot ohm
ullhalu
huat vale takun
on ibualed 23 a Baß
oy
is
 *ag .Relationship ü) ’
mass NCV Net lisetaxs coclda ts
huydsagen qCV-Biqt Caloui
= tygen dlind total
wateo edoN
Nt auantity
guee as
ndialoitea at
Gpecssetueem bhe Bhe
Value seom
IBq hydhau eCalorifü_ comtustion ment o
watey HOV tempratue
Vaiuu(LeVes huat
and o qennated.
on X9X Latunt LCV poduce huat
comsustiew vapous,
vapss
Lat
water
u t heat liberatedNCV)
wthm
uat waten of ane
allosed a
ok whe lr
 |NCV= GeV - 0:09HX587 cal la

"Dettnination of HOV
HOV can e detemined, luy tu90 mettrod
OBomis Caloineter (BxpinOntal mthod)
Autengs tesmula (theetial metthod)
#BOM8S CALORIMETER **
HCV.
4t sa exphmntas mettod to deteinu the
alointryie Huatqained
feat loss.
Aknoun amoumt
omd heat liberated ' bansed toa kneusn amont

Constnution be Bomb Cabeiumete

-Bonb Calemmtes compnis acapper calowmetes
uUSsOUndd
jackut on tebutrterio
hoo vnndabihgs täiyus ef ais kwat
auather inside the ceppos calermetos,asteelbombs
laud wtidn is lathe aKociated with a pas o
ecoodes cenettd to a 6V batter
lis elctrd tewmnats into a pin magnnwfuse
lount.
blw thu lonis bspper caloiwmetuh, a knaum amsurt a
watt is liled along uuth a Becbmanrts themomstes
lacthakyy oprated stime.
this asnonby ismadu nis. taht bu using an ais packd
lid.on tu top ohich'olso supplicd htt ao, vatve
e ceat samnple to lse analyged u casted into a taltot
Lsttow Hrscad.tht trital temp( t) is neted alte
stinng thu wata to wnile tu temp., them the
Lid is dosed, 0, is upplcd b the cinut 's ompltted wat
Aftes a wtie, uen connsustien is omplated the stirrer
it mored agaun te lnal temp (t)8 hecorded

HeV=(W+w)(4) cal/g
W= Weigt a wte
W= wats eaivalent

Conecions has to lbe ihcaporated to make it

assate :
 Acid Coseutionln)
thu sulphus &Nizgen pesentin ut transtem
into Hrei oxides utih usther dhyuse in water a

tracted
"Coton huad Casnetion (e)
he caten Wscad wed to bynd Hhe coalsnle wth
te Maonesium d wine also bums to haethe
temp bts also subatauted
use si CassetionCp)
ehat qenesatd ty Mg Fusd uene is also used n
aisng Bt ttmp. hds, uill le sulsttactd
· Cooting Coueution (te)
’tis tde huat atses tuy the sti bcsent N
Caloiumetes wthich is aota fuul.hus, it uall be
added.

L(Hev) =(W+w)(-t+te)-(CA+ept er)

 Becknas Blutially
thememe opoaled
Stirnes

lectrode
ulaluudualaul, oppes
aloim

Fuse Staunless
Steel
Ai jaukt bonb
Wateryaket

stainlus
solid
steel
isle
BoMB CALORIMETE R
#DULONGs FORMULA
ttis hu thoehtal muthod lor caleulating thu HCV

HCV=L|1008080 c/+ 34S00(#-/-0/) +2240 8y:| Keal

# BI0GAs
the whenpest omd most enaly awailalo bio qas a
gcbas
qobasqa.
qod.Jhe
he majon
mayoN componnt singas id methane
5300kab(m. coonauvalue
Cowthünt methane (CH)lBydsogen N2
55/. 35/ 6/
Producon: Gobas -gas is manusatsto
3obas gas Consist
plant; whih
Owellconstwed maSondiga work.colso
au digastor). The
known
built
eo is oidely
belo o ne qound level.
2) a holdest whien cov e oig
dug es tes R
made wp weld Steel sheet.
() pi pei'ne + lo um in di ametes.
 into global gas.K
atky Catle dung s 23-4 ka

it corn dupply 198 Ka

aate ppo heat).
, Dgrg t doesnt cortain poisma
9 as Co as an jngsedred

Smokej dust distj ete

henu by its iaej
en rDn met and utendi I
0orking-Cathe dung Seman Com pasaiu ely

iS pouned in digetes, By podui g gobas ga;

Anaobic ba tesias 0e inat ae optimatl,
presert in dung dyt wi li2 ogie
this sluoy in pooes
Caled anasobic
) tt can pro wide flame
tenpesate e% socoit
fasmeintation. opes bness.
The opimus tesp. o
fesmantotio is 34-48'cmitahion Gobas gas can
Onlybe ued oithin
The ga gen esate d
de to corinvous
plant.
de cayj iS mastly meMane
4 is Conned to gaA .Appli cation 0bas s
holdes. Lt is inteaestig is used as clom estic uet
to npte in adction tu may villapes.
cattledungi goboas gas qobas gas is also
Platj oo digt human us ed in
lig hhig powey
eßuge j polutoy ; AoGet; et ppo ses.
3) Goba ga alo give
Slmultan eously excellin
OHeat geneaed by 21: ot a0od
HeldNitogen mane having
Contert
dire buani iS convetd
 Ful Nwmeucas.
Pa faacty 1Sg- oal wns weighed ina sslica
e coal ckidue he icole
oQs
was them covencd
twa lid ahd strnglu hated
fo enaty 7min ot asDC. he idue' oltauned
usas 0iSe. he sucible thun was heated
w.tuut cor te last hsdue wngud

7 M- 4-S-1-415 xl00

=566
,=:91S. 23=0S28
V=2-23 X160

=54-13/"

xed canton-.
= 400-|-ol mcituset welatle t ash
= lbo-5-66+ S9-13 +tl6933
 901g es 3264
aeipdateuwubvt, aslwmelt 04N Aftvotted'
lomud snole N}
alosopton,
So, los 0-1(45-|s)xI9 =
alo = was oal
of kint
a lo00
32S x Na0H.
2X00D
04(V1-patemun alssonted
= basokurthen was
K233O.l 0-0| lomls soa he
zuldoliied
Valu e V)x19XI0D oxeA
X s
oanauked sas
32X\DD calomutu in
oitauned
diterimnato. used 0d 4Sm
XI6D
witu bammnaga
N
Äw
233 X n nlauwel
whoseBall, kooms
uas
kamtla O-1N
wiget sashd th
he aloi coal.11smLH60u
tus
 580 is Ca
(Wtw)(4tte(atCpter).HCV = teV wuht
9=
930S
469S-60 =
4805-29ca/
3150ex = = = Risowates
-8S &53-(60)
(650+ LCV
e Audcusutien
=D-03C
LoOing in
cossuton=
whem
iquuolnt
tempoatwe () wotu
2500)
08S (&:S Latynt takun ostuned
+605)-(60+ 50 = (W)2
Heat lal =250Dg
2-5%
6509
of
10 Vapousesh
+o)
 LOV
5506-07S
co/9 -
=L8O8Ox
= HCV-0-09H LCV=
LCV=888 LCV= X580
584:09S
cagHCV-D: hulplue,
930S.
09H G0 o:2--N, 87-69
a/g 24
587 X +
34 -
SODG- 0.09x&
0-3;
33) 8Asv.Caleulati X580
+224
ox0-S