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xavi_cade
xavi_cade
Date: ____________________________________________
Prepared by:
Name: _________________________________________
ID: ____________________________________________
Class attendance: ________________________________
1
Table of contents
Contents Page no
1. Introduction 2-4
1.1) Purpose of levelling
Surveying
1.2) Objectives of the survey
1.3) Challenges and limitations
during our work in field
2. Methodology 4--6
2.1) Survey instruments
2.2) Survey Procedure and
data collection
3. Data Analysis 7-8
3.1) Elevation Calculation
3.2) Profile Drawing
4. Results and calculations 9
5. Conclusion
1. Introduction
a) Brief overview of the purpose of the leveling survey
Ans.
A leveling survey is conducted to determine the elevations of points on the Earth's surface
relative to a known or assumed datum. Its primary purposes include:
2
b) Objectives of the survey
Ans.
Surveys serve various objectives depending on their purpose and the context in which they are
conducted. Some common objectives of surveys include:
i. Gathering Information: Surveys are used to collect data and information about a
specific topic or issue. This information can be used to understand trends, preferences,
opinions, behaviors, or demographics of a target population.
ii. Assessing Satisfaction: Surveys often measure levels of satisfaction among customers,
employees, or stakeholders regarding products, services, or experiences. This helps
organizations identify areas for improvement or strengths to leverage.
iii. Research and Analysis: Surveys are a crucial tool in academic and market research.
They provide quantitative data that can be analyzed statistically to draw conclusions,
make predictions, or test hypotheses.
iv. Monitoring Trends: Surveys can track changes over time in attitudes, behaviors, or
market conditions. This longitudinal data helps organizations adapt strategies and make
informed decisions.
v. Evaluating Effectiveness: Surveys assess the impact or effectiveness of interventions,
programs, policies, or initiatives. They gauge outcomes and identify factors contributing
to success or failure.
vi. Generating Insights: Surveys can uncover insights and uncover previously unknown
patterns or correlations within a dataset. This can lead to new ideas or opportunities for
innovation.
vii. Decision Making: Surveys provide decision-makers with data-driven insights, helping
them make informed decisions based on the preferences and needs of stakeholders or
customers.
viii. Improving Communication: Surveys can facilitate communication by providing a
platform for stakeholders to express their opinions or concerns, fostering transparency
and engagement.
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ix. Benchmarking: Surveys establish benchmarks against which future progress can be
measured. They provide a baseline for comparison and setting goals.
x. Predicting Behavior: Surveys can predict future behaviors or trends based on current
attitudes and behaviors reported by respondents.
ans.
I. Weather Conditions:
II. Terrain and Accessibility:
III. Equipment Limitations:
IV. Time Constraints:
V. Environmental Factors:
2. Methodology.
Ans.
4
i. Setup:
ii. Back sight:
iii. Intermediate sights:
iv. Fore sight:
Ans.
5
Prepare for Surveying:
Verify Setup:
Maintain Stability
c) taking reading at benchmark location and on the survey line
STATION BS IS FS
0 1.71
15 1.52
30 1.38
45 1.29
60 0.88
75 2.83 0.10
90 2.28 O.98
105 1.88 0.56
120 1.16
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3. Data Analysis
7
e) Calculation of the discrepancies between the formation and ground level
Formation level Ground Difference
300 300 0
300.7375 300,19 0.5475
301.475 300.33 1.145
302.2125 300.42 1.7925
302.95 300.83 2.12
303.6875 301.61 2.0775
304.425 303.46 0.965
305.1625 305.18 -0.0175
305.90 305.90 0
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4. Results and Discussion
5. conclusion
In conclusion, the exercise had achieved its aims, since the difference in elevation from
point were determine and as a student, we were able to know how to read the staff from
the level and also conduct a leveling exercise
other challenges faced us are incorrect staff reading instrumental errors in the level and
environmental factors like wind.
Improve survey design and question formatting, enhance survey delivery and
distribution, strengthen data collection and analysis and foster ongoing engagement The
specific solutions will depend on the survey objectives and organizational