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Solutions Advanced Level Problem Solving - 2310

JEE 2023 | Mathematics

1.(B) Let x = n, y = n + 1 and z = n + 2, where n is a positive integer.

3 5
 1  1 1  1 1 
 loge x  loge z          .....
 2 xz  1  3  2 xz  1  5  2 xz  1 
  1 
1 1  2 xz  1 
 log e xz  log e  
2 1  1  
  2 xz  1 
1
Where K  & K 1
2 xz  1
1  2 xz  2   1  xz  1  
 log e xz  log e    log e xz  log e  
2  2 xz   2  xz  
1   xz  1  1
 loge  xz   loge  xz  1
2  xz  2
 loge n(n  2)  1 Where x = n & z=n+2

 loge (n  1)2  loge  n  1  log e y

2.(BD) Let 2 x  t , obviously t  0 and 1  2 x  0  t 1  0  t 1

Now, the given equation is
a(t  2)  1  (t  1) 2
a(t  2)  t (t  2)  a  t
 0  a 1
3.ABC Let x  x  1
 x  13  A  x  12  B  x  1  C  0
x3   A  3 x2   3  2 A  B  x  1  A  B  C  0
 A  3  P,3  2 A  B  Q,A  B  C  18
n 1
4.(BC)   6
n
 2 n  2  0
 n  6 n1  2 n2  0
an  6an 1  2an  2  0
an 1  6an  2  2an 3  0
an  38an  2  12an 3  0

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an  38an 2
 12
an 3
5.(CD) D  0
   2  4 1       0
 2  2   2    2  4  4  0  R    22   2  4  4  0   1
6.(BD) Let A1 , A2 ................... A8 be inserted A.M.s
 12, A1 , A2 ,.................... A8 , 75 are in A.P with C.d = d
 75  12  (10  1)d
63
 d 7
9
 A1  19 A2  26 A3  33
A4  40 A5  47 A6  54
A7  61 A8  68
7.(B)  2  2(a  1)  a 2  1  0
 2  2 a  a 2  2 a  2  0
2  2a  1  0
2a  1

2
2
 2a  1   2a  1  7
    2(a  1)    (a  1)  0  (2a  1)  4(a  1)(2a  1)  4(a  1)  0  a 
2 2 2

 2   2  8

D1  0 

(a  1) a 2  2a  2
8.(C) 2  0  a  1 & 0  a  (1  3,  1)
1 1

a2  1 
0 
1 
9. A-P ; B-Q; C-R ; D – S
(A)  
4 (a  1) 2  a(a  2)  0
a 2  2a  1  a 2  2a  0
1
a  (P)
4
(B)
2
1
D0 a
4
2(a  1)
 2  a  (1, 0)
2a
a f (2)  0  a(4a  4a  4  a  2)  0
 a  (,  6)  (0, )
 No value of a  (Q)

(C)
2
1
D0  a
4

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b
  2  a  (,  1)  (0, )
2a
a f (2)  0  a  (,  6)  (0, )
 1
 a  (,  6)   0,   ( R)
 4
(D) af (2)  0
 a(a  6)  0  a  (6, 0)  ( S )
10.(2) 
x 4  1  2a  x 2  a 2  1  0
x2  t

 
t 2  1  2a  t  a 2  1  0
For no real value of x, either D  0 for above equation or both negative roots
i.e. 1  2a 2  4  a2  1  0
4a 2  4a  1  4a 2  4  0 ; 4a  5
5 5
a or a and  1  2a   0 , and a 2  1  0
4 4

 ,  1  
5 5 
a or a  1 ; ,   Least integral positive value of a is 2.
4 4 

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abc
1.(AC)  b  2 & b 2  ac
3
 a  b  c  3b  6
 a  c  2b  6 …………..(1)
Let b  ar c  ar 2

(1) becomes
a  ar 2  2ar  6  a  r 2  2a  1  6  a(r  1) 2  6
a is integer & r is integer
 a  6 & (r  1)2  1  r  2 [r  0]
2.(AC) (A) a, H1, H 2 , H3 _______ H n , b in HP
1 1 1 1 1
 , , , __________ , , are in AP
a H1 H 2 Hn b
n
ab
 Hi  n  2ab   n  a  b 
1 2ab
i 1
2
 n(n  1) 
(B) 13  23  33  _____  n3   
 2 
 12  22  32  ______  n2
(C) a, A1, A2 ________ A2n , b are in AP
2n(a  b)
A1  A2  _______  A2n   n( a  b)
2

(D) 
4 g 2  5 g3  4r  5r 2  is minimum at r 
2
5
ab 2ab
3.(ABC) x  ;y  ab ; z 
2 ab
 xz  y 2 … (i)
 ax  5 y 2  a  y  2  5 y2 …(ii)
Satisfying (i) and (ii), we get a  9, b  1
r  x r 1
4.(CD) Tr 
( x  1)( x  2)....( x  r )
x r 1  r  x  x  xr 1 ( x  r )  x r
 
( x  1)( x  2)....( x  r ) ( x  1)( x  2)....( x  r )
x r 1 xr
Tr  
( x  1)( x  2)..... x  (r  1) ( x  1)( x  2)...( x  r )
Tr = Difference of two consecutive terms.
m m
Tr  mr 1  mr ,  Tr   (mr 1  mr )
r 1 r 1
n
x xn
Sn  1  So, f ( x, n ) 
( x  1)( x  2)...( x  n) ( x  1)( x  2)...( x  n)

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1
For n = 2, f ( x, n ) 
3
x2 1
  3x 2  x 2  3x  2
( x  1)( x  2) 3
3  9  16
 2 x 2  3x  2  0  x
2 2
35 1
x , x  2,
4 2
 1  1  1   x  y  z  x  y  z  x  y  z 
5.(AB)   1   1   1    1   1   1
 x  y  z   x  y  z 
( y  z )( x  z )( x  y )
as x + y + z = 1 
xyz
yz
Now,  yz
2
( y  z)  2 yz …(i)
( x  z )  2 xz …(ii)
( x  y)  2 xy …(iii)
(i) × (ii) × (iii) as x, y, z > 0
( y  z )( x  z )( x  y )  8( xyz )
( y  z )( x  z )( x  y )
8
xyz
 1  1  1 
 Value of   1   1   1  8
 x  y  z 
1 1 n 
For all n  , n  8 , put z  and x  y   
n 1 2  n 1
 1  1   1 
  1   1   1  n , therefore the expression has no upper bound.
 x  y   2 
 It can take value in interval [8, )
an a
6.(AC)  n 1
an 1 an  2
Here a1, a2 , a3 ,...... are in GP
Let a2  x then for n = 3
a3 a2 x2
  a22  a1a3  a3 
a2 a1 2
x 2 x3
 GP is 2, x,
, ,.........
2 4
x
Common ratio r 
2
x4
Given  162  x 4  1296  x6
8
x4
Also, x & are integers
8
x4
So, if x is even, then only will be an integer
8
Hence, the possible values of x are 4 & 6, because x  2 as terms are distinct hence possible

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x4 44 64
Values of a5  are & .
8 8 8
7.(A) & 8.(C)
 n  12 n(n  1)  3n  1 1 3 1
tn     
n! n! (n  2)! (n  1)! n !
   
 tn   (n  2)!   (n  1)!   n!
1 3 1
n 1 n2 n 1 n 1

x 2 x3
ex  1 x    ....
2! 3!
 e  3e  e 1  5e 1
We know that 1  2 x  3x 2  ....  (1  x)2
3 4 5
Put x = 1/2, we get 1  1     ......
4 8 16
2
 1
.......  1   4
 2
9. [A - s] [B - r] [C - p] [D - q]
1
(A) x3 y  25
1
y 3 x  27

x 2  212 , y 2  26

x2  y 2
x 2  y 2  4160  2
2080
(B) A, B, C in AP A  B  C  180
 3B  180
B = 60°
Also b  ac
2
…(1)
a 2  c 2  b2
cos B 
2ac
1 a 2  c2  b2
 a 2  c 2  2b 2 …(2)
2 2b 2
Using (1) and (2),
a 2 (b  c)  b2 (c  a)  c 2 (a  b)  0
(C) Minimum value occurs when the nos are equals.
 abc
2+2+2=6
(D) Since a, b, c are in A.P.
ac
 b …… (i)
2
b, c, d are in G.P.

 c 2  bd …… (ii)
Also, c, d , e are in H.P.
2ce
 d  …… (iii)
ce
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Substituting the values of b and d from (i) and (iii) respectively in (ii), we get
a  c 2ce
c2 
2 ce
 c 2  ce  ae  ce  c 2  ae, which shows that a, c, e are in G.P.
10.(0) x t
9  2t  2 
t 2

 2t  2t  2  
t 2  2t
0



2  t  1  t 2  2t  2


9 
0
t  2t 
2  t  1  2
   9   0
2
 t  2t
t t  2  

 
2  t  1 t 2  2t  3 t 2  2t  3  0
t t  2

 
2  t  1 t 2  2t  3  t  3 t  1
0
t t  2
 t   0,1   2,3  x   3,  2    1, 0    0,1   2,3

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1.(CD) w  4  2i  r
Locus of w will be a disc with centre (4, 2) and radius r.
w 1  w  i
Locus of w will be the RHS of line y = – x
 dist. From (4, 2) on y = – x = radius
6
r
2
6
 For this to be a subset r 
2
2.(ABCD)
(A) Say z  ei  | z |  1
(B) | z n 1  z n |  | ei ( n 1)   ei ( n) |  | ei ( n) .ei  ein |
 | ei ( n) | | ei  1|  | ei  1| which is independent of n.
(C) If Say for some integers m  n
z m  z n  ei ( m)  ei ( n)
 m  n  2k  (for some integer k)
 2k
 
 mn
Since  is not a rational multiple of  therefore L.H.S is irrational while R.H.S. is rational.
This contradicts our assumption.
p
(D) If  
q
 p   2 p 
i  i 
z e q   e  2q 
Which are the roots of z 2q  1
Therefore, they form the vertices of a regular 2q  gon .
3.A 4.C
Let m and (m  1) be the removed numbers from 1, 2, ...., n . Then sum of the remaining numbers is
n(n  1)
 (2m  1) .
2
From given condition,
n(n  1)
 (2m  1)
105 2
  2n 2  103n  8m  206  0
4 (n  2)
4k 2  103(1  k )
Since n and m are integers, so n must be even. Let n  2k . Then m 
4
Since m is an integer, then 1  k must be divisible by 4. Let k  1  4t . Then we get n  8t  2 and
m  16t 2  95t  1 . Now, 1  m  n  1  16t 2  95t  1  8t  2
Solving, we get t  6 . Hence, n  50 and m  7
Hence, the removed numbers are 7 and 8.
5.(D) I. Ap  a  ( p  1)d …(1)
Aq  a  (q  1)d …(2)

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Ar  a  (r  1)d …(3)
As  a  (s  1)d …(4)
Aq  kAP
Ar  k 2 AP  Ap , Aq , Ar , As in G.P 
As  k 3 AP
AP  Aq (1  k )
( p  q)   Ap (from (1) & (2))
d d
k (1  k )
( q  r )  Ap (from (2) & (3))
d
k 2 (1  k )
( r  s )  Ap
d
( p  q), (q  r ), (r  s) are in A.P.
II. ln x, ln y, ln z are in G.P
 ln(ln x),ln(ln y),ln(ln z)  A.P
 2 x  ln(ln x),3x  ln(ln y), 4 x  ln(ln z )  A.P
The element-wise sum of two A.P.s is an A.P.
III. n!, 3  n! and (n  1)! are in G.P.
9(n !)2  n ! (n  1)!
(n  1)  9  n  8
 n!  8!
5  n!  5  8!
(n  1)!  9!
 n!,5  n!, (n  1)!  A.P.
(b  c)2  (a  b)2  (c  a)2 (b  c  2a) 2  (c  a  2b) 2  (a  b  2c) 2
IV. 
3 3

 a 2  b 2  c 2  ab  bc  ca  0
 abc
 
6.(5) D1  4 sin2 y  4  0 as y   0, 
 2
 Both common roots
a 1 1 1
    a  1, sin y 
1 2 sin y 1 2
 | x|
( x  3) x  ( x  4) 2  (17  x)
7.(31.00) 0
 x ( x 2  x  1) (| x | 32)
 x is defined only when x  0  | x |  x

( x  3)1 | x  4 |  (17  x)
0
 x ( x 2  x  1)( x  32)
 x 2  x  1  0 as coefficient of x 2  0
x R &D<0
| x 4 |  0 x R
( x  3) (17  x) ( x  3) ( x  17)
0  0  x  (32, 0)
 x  32 x  32
No. of integer values of x is 31.

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1  2  ...... r r (r  1)
8.(7) Tr  
1  3  5  (2r  1) 2  r 2

 r 1
9
S9    
2 
r 1
10
ab  6  54 
9.(5) p  Ai  n    10  
2   2 
  300
i 1
10
 Gi   
n
 18 
10
q ab
i 1
10
10  60
 Hi 
1 n 25
r  
2ab 2  6  54 27
i 1
ab
 1 
 q 5  p  3  r  25  5
 
 
10.(6.00) Q( x)  ( x 2  2 x 2  x  1) ( x  1)  0  a  1
     2,      1
p ( x)  ( x 2  1) Q( x)  x 2  x  1

p()  p()  p(  )  p(1)   2  2   2  1  (      1)  4

VMC | Mathematics 10 ALPS-2301 | JEE-2023

 Vidyamandir Classes: Innovating for Your Success

1.(AC) Suppose |  |  1
| z5  z3  z |  | 3|  |  |5  |  |3  |  |  1  1  1
3  3 not possible
 || 1
 α lies outside |z| = 1
2.(CD) If α is real root then   2, m  2, non-real root  1  i
 z i  
3.(ABC) arg  
 z i  2
Z lies on a circle with (1, 0) and (0, 1) as its extremity of diameter.
(2, 2)
(0, 1)

(1/2, 1/2)

(1, 0)
Least distance  2 2  2  2
4.(D) & 5.(A)
   2 7
2
    28

(  )2  4  28

z12   4 z2  4m   28

16  20i  4m  28
m   4  5i   7

 m max  7  42  52
 7  41
m min  7  42  52  7  41
6.(B) Let z  x  iy
Set A corresponds to region y  1
Set B consists of points lying on the circle, centred at (2, 1) and radius 3.
z 2i  3

x  iy  2  i  3

( x  2)2  i ( y  1)  3

x2  4  4 x  y 2  1  2 y  9

x2  y 2  4 x  4 y  4

Set C consists of points lying on x  y  2

Clearly there is only one point of intersection of the line y  1, x  y  2 and x2  y 2  4 x  2 y  4

VMC | Mathematics 11 ALPS-2301 | JEE-2023

 Vidyamandir Classes: Innovating for Your Success

7.(C) | z  1  i |2  | z  5  i |2
|( x  iy  1  i) |2  | x  iy  5  i |2
( x  1)2  ( y 1)2  ( x  5)2  ( y 1)2
x2  1  2 x  y 2  1  2 y  x2  25  10 x  y 2  1  2 y
2 x2  2 y 2  8x  4 y  28
2( x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y )  28 ( x2  y 2  4x  2 y  4)
4

2(4)  28  36
8.(1) x 2  y 2  xy  1  h( x  y )
 x 2  ( y  h) x  y 2  hy  1  0
For this to be true for all values of x,
D  0  ( y  h) 2  4( y 2  hy  1)  0  3 y 2  2hy  (h 2  4)  0
For this to be true for all values of y,
D0
4h 2  12( h 2  4)  0
h2  3  0
h    3, 3 
 h   1 or h  0 or h  1
 Sum taken 2 at a time = – 1(0) + 0(1) + 1(– 1) = – 1
It’s absolute value = 1.
2
x  |cos3 x| .........
9.(B) I. 81  |cos x|  cos  82
 1  | cos x |  cos 2 x  | cos3 x |  .........  2
1
2
1 | cos x |
1
| cos x | 
2
2   2
, , , (4 values)
3 3 3 3
II. 7 cos x  5sin x  2k  1
 72  52  2k  1  72  52
 74  2k  1  74
74  1 74  1
 k  k  4,  3,  2,  1, 0, 1, 2, 3 (8 values)
2 2
III. sin A sin 2 A sin 3 A sin 4 A  ax 2  bx3  cx 4  dx5
a  b  c  d  f (1)
Put x = 1
 sin 2 A  1

A  (2n  1)  sin A  sin 2 A  sin 3 A  sin 4 A  0
2
IV. a, x, y, z, b are in AP
a  b  x  z  2y
Also, x  y  z  15  3y  15
y=5  a  b  10
Since a ,α,β,γ and b are in HP, We have

VMC | Mathematics 12 ALPS-2301 | JEE-2023

 Vidyamandir Classes: Innovating for Your Success

1 1 1 1 2
   
a b   
1 1 1 5 3 5 1 5
Also,      or   ab  9
   3  3  9
1 1 k 2 (k  1)2  (k  1)2  k 2 k 4  k 2  2 k 3  k 2  1  2k  k 2
10.(5) 1    
k 2 (k  1)2 k 2 (k  1)2 k 2 (k  1)2
k 4  k 2  1  2k 3  2k  2k 2 (k 2  k  1)2
  2
k 2 (k  1)2 k (k  1)2
1 1 k 2  k 1 1 1 1
tr 1    1  1 
k 2
(k  1) 2 k (k  1) k (k  1) k k 1
n n
 1 1 
   k  k 1
1 1 1
an tr  1   n  n 1 
k 1 
k k 1  k 1 n 1

n 5 6a5 6  5 6 7
an  n  a5  5     5     5  5
n 1 6 7 7 6 7 6

VMC | Mathematics 13 ALPS-2301 | JEE-2023

 Vidyamandir Classes: Innovating for Your Success

1 
1.(A)     a,   b;    p,  q
 
2
1 
2    
( q  b) 2   
 
( p  a)2 1 
2
  
 
(q  b) 2   2 ( p  a ) 2  bq ( p  a ) 2
2.(C)     a,   b;     p,   q
Since , , ,  are in AP

(  ) 2  4  (   ) 2  4
p2  a2
a 2  4b  p 2  4q  q b 
4
3.(3) a 2 (1  b 2 )  2a 2b (using A.M. – G.M)
b 2 (1  c 2 )  2b 2c
c 2 (1  a 2 )  2c 2 a
Using A.M.-G.M. again
2a 2b  2b 2 c  2c 2 a
 (8a 3b3c3 )1/3
3
2a 2b  2b 2 c  2c 2 a  6abc
And the equality holds a  b  c  1
4.(3) Since f ( x)  kx
5 n 5 n 5
r (r  1)(2r  1)
 r.kr  k  r2  k  6
 315  k 3
n 1 r 1 n 1 r 1 n 1
5.(8) Using A.M .  G.M .
a7  a 6  a 5  a3  a3  a 2
  a7 . a 6 . a 5 . a3 . a3 . a 2 
1/6

6
a  a  a  a3  a3  a 2  1
7 6 5
 1  (a 7  a 6  a 5  a 3  a 3  a 2 )  6
6
 a 7  a 6  a 5  2a3  a 2  8
zn  1
6.(31) zr 
2
z 4  z3  2  0
2 z r  1  zn

( zn  1)4 ( zn  1)3
 20
16 8

 zn  14  2  zn  13  32  0
Product of roots = 31

VMC | Mathematics 14 ALPS-2301 | JEE-2023

 Vidyamandir Classes: Innovating for Your Success

7.(6)

 A  3 2  6
3
8.(5) We have z z  zz 3  30

 2

z z z  z 2  30

( x2  y 2 )(( x2  y 2 )  2i xy  x2  y 2  2i xy)  30
2( x2  y 2 )( x2  y 2 )  30
( x2  y 2 )( x2  y 2 )  15
The possible values of x and y are
x  2, y  1
OR
x  2, y  1
OR
x  2, y  1
OR
x  2, y  1
 Centre of rectangle is (0, 0) i.e., z0 (0,0)
Maximum distance d of z0 from the circle is  OC  CB  3  2  5unit
9.(6.00) | aw  b |  1  | aw  b |2  1  (aw  b) ( aw  b)  a2  ab  b2  1 

(a  b)2  ab  1

When (a  b)2  0 and ab  1 then (1, 1), (1, 1)

When (a  b)2  1 and ab  0 then (0, 1), (1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0)
Hence, total six ordered pairs
10.(3.00) | z  1|  | z  2 |  | z  3 |  | 3z  6 |  3 | z  2 |  3 | 2ei  2 |  12
And the equality holds for z  2

VMC | Mathematics 15 ALPS-2301 | JEE-2023