113. For welding what metals is welding in a protected gas environment used?

At e.d.z. in shielding gas environments, the welding arc and electrode are protected by a gas that
protects the molten metal from its interaction with the surrounding air. It is used for welding carbon,
low-alloyed and high-alloyed steels of aluminum, magnesium, nickel, copper, titanium, zirconium.
Welding can be performed both in a still gas environment and by supplying the shielding gas in the
form of a jet with the help of a special torch.

114. Is it possible to weld sheet steel with a thickness of more than 5 mm using a gas flame. welding?
Yes, it is possible with right-hand welding (the torch moves from left to right and in front of the filler
rod. In this case, the flame is directly directed at the metal tub, so it is better protected from the air
and receives a greater amount of heat of the flame compared to the left welding. In addition, the
flame is able to cover the root of the seam more fully and melt the welded ends. Therefore, with
thicknesses of the welded parts > 3 mm.)

115. What determines the quality of the welding flame in a gas torch? Depending on the ratio of
acetylene and oxygen C2H2:O2 = t, flames of different chemical nature can be set:

116. What are the advantages and disadvantages of electric beam welding? Advantages: Precise,
almost distortion-free welding of thin (> 0.1 mm} to thick-walled (< 150.-.200 mm) products. In many
cases, it can be applied as a final technology, without the need for additional machining. Typical case
is the welding of finished gears in gear boxes. ; Welding of both common structural steels and
reactive metals that are sensitive to ambient gases and have a high melting point and/or high
thermal conductivity - titanium, nickel, molybdenum, etc. Production of responsible products for the
space and aircraft industry (turbines, fuel tanks, etc.) Disadvantages of EL welding ( as a production
method) are reduced to: high investment costs for welding equipment; longer auxiliary times - on
average from 1 to 5 hours to reach the required vacuum in the working chamber; necessity of very
accurate mechanical preparation of the surfaces to be joined.

117. Where is laser welding used? It is mainly used as a precise method for joining details of steel
and non-ferrous metals with a thickness of 0.01 to 10 mm in the various fields of engineering:
equipment construction, electrical engineering, chemical, energy and general mechanical
engineering, etc.

118. What is the principle of electrical resistance? welding? Electric resistance welding (ESW for
short) is the most widely applied pressure welding method. It additionally uses heat, which is
released when an electric current passes through the connection point as a result of its contact
resistance. The principle of the conductive ECZ can be traced most easily in the case of a point
connection: In point electrofusion welding, two or more parts are joined by overlapping, being
pressed by two electrodes connected to the secondary circuit of a welding current source
(transformer). As a result of the local heating, part of the metal of the two parts, located immediately
under the electrodes, melts and forms an elliptical weld pool. Under the continuous pressure of the
electrodes, the crystallizing metal of the bath and the dough-like metal located around it deform
plastically and form the so-called welding point.