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Introduction: Why an Uchinaguchi Martial Arts Lexicon?

One of the things that sets practitioners of Okinawan karate and kobudo, and martial arts in
general, apart from other athletes is their strong interest in the culture from which their art originates.
Many martial artists wish to learn more about the places, people and language of the home country of
their art, and often find themselves hosting teachers from abroad, travelling to their teachers' home
countries or even studying additional languages in order to deepen their understanding. However, even
as the world-wide practice of traditional Okinawan karate and kobudo has blossomed through the
international exchange martial arts travel provides, Okinawan, the primary original language of these
martial arts, has not been transmitted to the next generation. If current language maintenance efforts are
unsuccessful, the Okinawan language, including all the martial arts information contained in its
nuances and rich vocabulary, will be lost.
Japanese is frequently used in karate and kobudo practice to refer to techniques, weapons, kata,
terms of respect, exercises and even numbers in the dojo. Speaking the Okinawan language in
Okinawan karate and kobudo dojo, even within Okinawa, is currently a rare practice, and yet Okinawan
and international dojo provide an ideal place in which the language may be used. By using the original
language of Okinawa, karate and kobudo learners would likely gain some insight into the cultural
context of Okinawan martial arts practices that would improve their understanding of Okinawan
martial arts techniques. This would not only increase the number and fluency of Uchinaguchi speakers,
but also promote awareness of Okinawan language and culture among the martial arts community and
members of the general public. Since foreigners and the martial arts occupy a respected place in
Okinawan and Japanese society, the usage of Okinawan by Okinawan and international martial artists
would increase the prestige of this language both domestically and internationally, thereby promoting
its revitalization.
In short, this book is for Okinawans who wish to revitalize Uchinaguchi, and also for the
international community of karate and kobudo practitioners and others with an appreciation of
Okinawan culture and language. The more reasons people have for using Okinawan now, the greater
the likelihood that traditional Okinawan language and culture will be maintained and passed on in the
future.

213

 
    

               

                  
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216
    ! 

atifa
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energy transfer/shockwave

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Atifa ndhi yishee, yeethi nkai chikarauchisuru
kutuwari nu aibiin.
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“Atifa” is the principle of transferring energy to one's opponent.

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Hajimee yuruttusshi, yeeti saaigayaa saarangayaa ndhichisurutuchini, ifin
deesaataru tukurunkai chikara mattakii 'nnjashiinee, yeetinkai shoogekihanati
ichabiin.
=56-
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Staying relaxed, then briefly tensing at the point of contact creates a damaging shockwave that
travels through the target.

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Atifa ndhi yishee, buki chikairukutun ainee, 'nnadhiisaanisurukutun aibiin.
!>8-2A(+*$+
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Atifa may be applied using weapon or empty hand techniques.

217



 






         
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ࡴ
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muchi supple/flexible/resilient

Photo: Zuerich Zoo Masoalahalle, Herbst 2004, by Manfred Morgner. downloaded by S. May on December 18, 2013, from
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zuerich_Zoo_Masoalahalle_8828.jpg under a GNU Free Documentation License. |
࡞࠿
࠺ࡕࡆ࣮ࡋ࡞ࡳࡠ୰ࢇ࠿࠸ࡸ ࡃࢃࡉࡋࡀ࠶࡚࠷ ࡸࡩ࠵ࡽ ࡴࡠ ࡠ ࠶ࢇ.ࠋ
ࡃࡾࡀࡴࡕࡳࡸ࠸ࡧ࣮ࢇࠋ
Uchigeeshinami nu nakan kaiya kuwasashiga ati yafara munu nu an.
Kuri ga muchi yaibiin.
Ἴࡣᰂࡽ࠿࠸Ỉ࡛సࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡴࡕࡼ࠺࡞ຊࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
ࡇࡕࡽࡣࡴࡕࡳ࡛ࡍࠋ
Waves represent hard power contained in something soft. This is muchimi.
࡬࣮
ࡋࡗࡓ࠸࡚࠷࣮ࡉ࣮ࡌࡸ ࡸࡩ࠵ࡽ ࡴࡠࡠࡄ࡜࠹ࠊࡸࡋࡀ᪩ࡃ࠺ࡗࡕ࣮
ࡡ࣮ ࡴࡕࡠࡄ࡜࠹ࡋ ࡕࡕࡹࢇࠋ
Shittai tiisaaji ya yafara munu nu gutu, yasashi ga heeku ucchii nee muchi
nu gutu shi chichun.
⃿ࢀࡓࢱ࢜ࣝࡣᰂ࠿࠸ࡀࠊ⣲᪩ࡃ࡟࠺ࡘ࡜ࠊ࣒ࢳࡢࡼ࠺࡞ຊࢆࡣࡗࡁࡋࡲࡍࠋ
A wet towel is soft, but it can snap with whip-like force if moved suddenly.

࡜࣮࡛࠷࣮
၈ᢏࡕ࠿ࡸࡠ࠺ࡕࡠ࡞࠿ࢇ࠿࠸ࡸࠊࡴࡕࡳࡠ࠶ࢇࠋ
Toodii chikaya nu uchi nu nakan kaiya, muchi nu an.
㐩ேࡢ࠺ࡅࡸࠊࡘࡁ࡟ࡣࡋ࡞ࡧࡸ࠿࡞ࡔࢇࡾࡻࡃࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
At the core of a karate master's defence and offence is muchimi.

ࡰ࠺ࡕ࠿ࡸ࣮ࡠ ࡰ࠺ࡸ ࡕࢇࡪࡃࡠࡄ࡜࠹ࡋ ࡴࡕࡳࡠ࠶ࢇࠋ

Boo chikayaa nu boo ya chinbuku nu gutu shi muchi nu an.
㐩ேࡢ࣮࣎ࡣேࡩࡾࡢ୰࡟ࡋ࡞ࡧࡸ࠿࡞ࡔࢇࡾࡻࡃࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
In the hands of a professional, the bo is flexible like a bamboo stick.

222
 



 
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 ࡣ ࡲ ࡩ ࠷ ࡌ ࡷ

Hamafija  ὾ẚ჆ Hamahiga

࡚ ࡄ ࠵ ࡠ ࠿ ࡓ
Tegua nu kata ྂṊ㐨ࡢᆺ
ࡣࡲࡩ࠷ࡌࡷ ࡠ ࡜࠹ࢇࡩ࠵
Hamafija nu tunfa
ࡣࡲࡩ࠷ࡌࡷ ࡠ ࡉ࠸
Hamafija nu sai
ࡣࡲࡩ࠷ࡌࡷ ࡠ ࡉ࠸
Hamafija nu sai
ࡣࡲࡩ࠷ࡌࡷ ࡠ ȑ
Hamafijajima Hamafija nu bo
ࠕ

ࡣࡲࡩ࠷ࡌࡷ ࠶ࡀࡾ ࠿ࡗࡕࢇ ࡍࡤ ࡞࣮

὾ ẚ ჆ ࠖࡸࠊ࠺ࡕ࡞࣮ࡠ ᮾ ࡠᾏࡠ㏆ࡃࠊ຾ 㐃 ࡠഃ ࢇ࠿࠸࠶ࡿᓥࡠྡ ࡸ࠸ࡧࢇࠋ
“Hamafija” ya Uchinaanu agarinu uminu chikaku, Kacchinnu subankaiaru
shimanu naayaibin.
ࠕࡣࡲࡦࡀࠖࡣἈ⦖ᮏᓥࡢᮾᾏᓊࠊ຾㐃༙ᓥࡢ㏆ࡃ࡟࠶ࡿࡢᓥࡢྡ๓࡛ࡍࠋ
Hamahiga is the name of an island near the Katsuren Peninsula on the east coast of
Okinawa's main island.

ࡕ࡚࣮ ࡣࡲࡩ࠷ࡌࡷ ࢄ࡞ࡄ ࠺࠿ࡳ

ఏ ࡽࡗ࡜࣮ࡿヰࡋ࠻࣮ࠊ὾ ẚ ჆ ࡠᓥࡸࠊ࢔࣐࣑ࢳࣗࢇ࡛࠷ࡿ ዪ ࡠᚚ⚄࡜࠹ࠊ࠺
ࢆ࠹࡜࠹ ࡿ࣮ࡕࡹ࣮ ࡕࡹࡃ ࡜࠹ࡕ ࡜࠹ࡃࡿ
ࡠ ኵ ࡸࡿࢩ࣑ࣝࢳࣗ࡝࠹ࠊ⌰ ⌫ ࡠᓥࠎ స ࡓࡿ ᫬ ࡟ࠊึࡳ࡟ᬽࡽࡕࡷࡿ ᡤ ࡸ
ࡄ࡜࣮ ࡣࡲࡩ࠷ࡌࡷ ࡋࡲ࣮ ࠺ ࡓࡕࡃࡕ ࠸ࡷ
ࡿ ዴ ࠸ࡧࢇࠋࡸ࠸ࡧ࣮ࡃ࡜࠹ࠊ὾ ẚ ჆ ࡠ ᓥ ࠊ࠺ࡕ࡞࣮ࡠᩥ᫂ࡠᚚ ❧ ཱྀ ࢇ࡛࠷ࡕゝ
ࡗ࡜࣮࠸ࡧࢇࠋ
Chiteerattooru hanashee Hamafijanushimaya Amamichu ndiru yinagunu
ukamitu unuwutuyaru Shirumichu du Ruuchuunushimajima chukutaru tuchini
hajimini kuracharu tukuruyaru gutooibin. Yaibiikutu Hamafijanushimaa
Uchinaanu bunmeinu utachikuchi ndichi yattooibin.
ఏㄝ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ὾ẚ჆ᓥࡣዪ⚄࢔࣐࣑ࢳࣗ࡜ᙼዪࡢኵࢩ࣑ࣝࢳࣗࡀࠊ⌰⌫ㅖᓥࢆసࡗࡓ㝿᭱ึ࡟ఫ
ࢇࡔሙᡤࡔࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ὾ẚ჆ᓥࡣἈ⦖ᩥ᫂ࡢⓎ⚈ࡢᆅ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
According to legend, Hamahiga Island is the place where the goddess, Amamichu,
and her husband the god, Shirumichu first came to live when they created the
Ryukyu Islands. Thus, it is said to be the birthplace of Okinawan civilization.

229
 









Chikinjima

 

& " Chikin Island

Kobudo Kata Tegua nu Kata

Chikin/ Tsuken Shita Haku nu sai

Chikin/ Tsuken nu kun/

Chikin/ Tsuken Akacho nu Nunti Bo

Chikin/ Tsuken Akacho nu Eku

Copyright © National Land Image Information (Color Aerial Photographs), Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Copyright © '#!-*).
,(

“Chikinjima” ya Uchinaaguchi “Tsukenjima” nu mutu namee yaibiin.

Chikinjima ya Hamafijajima nu nanban, Kacchinnu subankai nu chikaku ni
aru.
 "%+ & "  " 
 
 
“Chikinjima” is the original Uchinaaguchi name for “Tsuken Island.” Chikin Island is south of
Hamafija Island near the Katsuren Peninsula.

Ippee tegua nu kata ya Chikin nu yashincchu kara chukuyibiin.

Several kobudo kata were created by residents of Chikin.

Chuu, Chikinjima ya
$ &
Today, Chikinjima is known as “carrot island” for it’s fields of carrots, and has a famous walking trail,
Naka nu Utaki sacred site and the ruins of Kubou Castle (Kubougusuku).

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 Toodii ✵ᡭkarate
   Too࡜࣮(China) tii/dii࡛࠷࣮(technique)

ᢏ (waza) ᡭ (te)  
   technique hand

 ၈ (Too/ kara) ᡭ (te)
  China hand

✵ (kara) ᡭ (te)
 empty hand

࡜࣮࡛࠷࣮ ࡜࣮ ࢃࡌࡷ ࡕࡴ࠼࣮

࠺ࡕ࡞࣮ࡄࡕࡗࡋ✵ᡭࡸࠕ ၈ ᡭ ࠖࢇ࡛࠷ࡕࠕ ၈ ࠖࡠࠕ ᢏ ࠖࢇ࡛࠷ࡿ ⫢ ྜ
ࡸ࠸ࡧࢇࠋ
Uchinaaguchisshi karateya “toodii” ndichi “too” nu “waja” ndiru chimuee yaibin.
࠺ࡕ࡞࣮ࡄࡕ࡛ࡣ✵ᡭࢆࠕ࡜࠺࡛࠷ࠖ࡜ゝ࠸ࠊࠕ၈ࡢᢏࠖࢆព࿡ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
The Uchinaaguchi word for karate is “tǀdi”, which means “China technique.”

࡜࣮ ࡚࠷࣮ ࡓ࣮ ࡜࠹ࡴ ࡜࣮ ࡚࠷࣮

࠺ࡠࠕ ၈ ࡠ ᡭ ࠖࡸࠕ࠿ࡽ࡚ࠖࢇ࡛࠷ࡕ࡞࠸ࡧࡓࢇࠋ ஧ ࡕ ඹ ࡟ࠕ ၈ ࡠ ᡭ ࡛ࠖ࠷ࡿ
ࡁࡶࡈ࠺
⫢ ྜ ࡸ࠸ࡧࢇࠋ
Unu “too nu tii” ya “karate” ndichi naibitan. Taachi tumuni “too nu tii” diru
chimuee yaibin.
ࡑࢀࡀࠕ࡜࠺࡚ࠖ࡜࡞ࡾࠊࠕ࠿ࡽ࡚ࠖ࡜࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ࡝ࡕࡽࡶࠕ၈ࡢᡭࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡍࠋ
It became “tǀte”, then “karate”, which both mean “China hand.”

ࡸࡲ࡜࠹ ࡕ࡚࣮ ࡜࠹ࡕ ࡜࣮ ࡍࡽ

✵ᡭࡸ࠺ࡕ࡞࣮࠿ࡽ ኱ ࿴ ࢇ࠿࠸ ఏ ࡽࡗࡓࡿ ᫬ ࡟ࠊ₎Ꮠࡠࠕ ၈ ࠖࡸࠊࠕ ✵
ࠖࢇ࡛࠷ࡿ₎Ꮠࢇ࠿࠸ኚࢃ࠸ࡧࡓࢇࠋ
Karateya Uchinaakara Yamatunkai chiteerattaru tuchini, kanjinu “too” ya “sura”
ndiru kanjinkai kawaibitan.
᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊ✵ᡭࡀἈ⦖࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏ࡬ࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡓ㝿ࠊ₎Ꮠࡢࠕ၈㸻୰ᅜࠖࡀࠕ✵㸦࠿ࡽ㸧ࠖ࡟ኚࢃࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍ
ࠋ
Finally, when karate was brought from Okinawa to mainland Japan, the kanji for “kara” was
changed from “China” to “empty.”

241
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User:Bin im Garten/Bulgarien Okt 2011/Day 10

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Image “Kusakabe Kimbei” courtesy of Wikimedia Commons http://www.baxleystamps.com/litho/meiji/1898080967/album_1_19-1.jpg

          

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meenachi kutuba everyday language
 
Uchinaaguchi Yamatuguchi  Eigo English
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Toyama Kanken, Ohtsuka Hironori, Shimoda Takeshi, Funakoshi Gichin, Motobu Choki, Mabuni Kenwa, Nakasone Genwa and Taira Shinken. Masters of Karate in Tokyo(1930s) The Japanese Book "  "(Karatedo One
Road) Originally published in 1956 Reprint pubished on December 20, 2004 . by (Funakoshi Gichin). Copyright Free from Wikimedia Commons: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Masters_of_Karate.jpg?uselang=ja

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