Ssc Cgl Quant Book for Tier i 2024

Published by – The Dhronas
"Quant Sir" for SSC CGL Tier 1 Exam

Copyright © 2024 – by Raja Bhattacharjee
First Edition – 2024
No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any

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Write to us at: quantsirssc@gmail.com

Contact Number: +91 84368 11958
After investing 13 enriching years in my career, I am thrilled to present "QUANT SIR", a
culmination of my expertise tailored for aspirants tackling the challenges of cracking SSC
CGL TIER 1. This book is meticulously crafted to offer a fresh perspective, integrating new
pattern questions alongside comprehensive coverage of all chapters and concepts, segmented
into eight distinct layers, including previous year questions. My aim was to create an error-
free and up-to-date companion for every SSC aspirant, ensuring a seamless learning journey.
I extend my deepest gratitude to my family & beloved students whose unwavering support
inspired me throughout this endeavour. Special thanks to The Dhronas, Mridul Mehta,
Prakhar Gupta, Deepika Chettri, and Esha Chettri for their invaluable assistance, without
which this monumental task wouldn't have been possible within the allotted time frame.
~ Raja Bhattacharjee
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Basic Calculation Tricks 06 – 31

• How to multiply 2-digit Numbers in 10 seconds?
• How to multiply 3-digit Numbers in 20 seconds?
• How to find Square of any Number in 10 seconds?
• How to find square root of any Number?
• How to simplify complex Percentage problems?
• Practice Questions
2. Simplification 32 – 59
• VBODMAS Rule
• An Easy hand on Addition, Subtraction and Multiplication
• Divisibility Rules of Numbers
• Standard Algebraic Identities
• Conversion of Fractions into Percentages and Vice Versa
• Solving Problems on Indices
• Last Digits of Cube Roots
• Previous Year Questions
3. Number System 60 – 106

• Introduction and Classification of Numbers
• Prime Numbers
• Divisibility Rules of Numbers
• Factors and Multiples
• Co-prime Numbers
• HCF and LCM
• Remainders and Last Digits
• Successive Division
• Last Digits and Formulae
• Last Two Digits
• Counting the Numbers
• IGP of a number in N!
4. Algebra 107 – 149

• Definition of the Equation
• Linear Equations and Their Consistencies
• Methods to solve Linear Equations
• Polynomials
• Degree and Zero of a Polynomial
• Properties and Operations with Polynomials
• Remainder and Factor Theorem
• Quadratic Equation
• How to find the Roots of a Quadratic Equation
1
• Maximum and Minimum Values
• Cubic Equations
• Standard Algebraic Identities
5. Percentage 150 – 184

• Definition and usage of Percentage
• Conversion of Fractions into Percentage and Vice Versa
• Percentage Increase or Decrease
• Multiplication Factor
• Successive Increase or Decrease of Percentage
• Percentage Points and some Quick Notes on Percentages
6. Profit and Loss 185 – 224

• Basic Terminologies on Profit and Loss
• Profit and Loss Percentage
• Multiplying Factors in Profit and Loss
• Discounts and Successive Discounts
• Dishonest Dealings
• Some Important Formulae for Profit and Loss
7. Ratio and Proportion 225 – 258

• Ratios and their Properties
• Dividing a Number in a Ratio
• Comparison of Ratios
• Proportions and their Properties
• Age Based Problems
• Variation and its types
• Partnerships
8. Averages 259 – 292

• Definition of Average
• An Easy Method to Calculate Averages
• Properties of Averages
• Problems on Errors
• Average based on Number System
• Weighted Average
• Addition and Removal of item
• Problems Based on Ages
• Problems Based on Income/Salary
9. Mixtures and Alligations 293 – 323
2
• Mixture and it types
• Weighted Average Method to solve the problems on mixtures
• Alligations and its diagram representation
• Replacement based problems
10. Speed, Time and Distance 324 – 359

• Basic Definitions and Formulae
• Average Speed
• Relative Speed
• Miscellaneous Concepts on Speed, Distance and Time
• Concept of Racing and types of races
• 3 Contestants in a Race
11. Problems on Trains, Boats and Streams 360 – 398

• Basic Definitions on Boats and Streams
• Problem on Boats
• Concept of Trains
• Train crossing a Stationary Object
• Train crossing a Moving Object
12. Time and Work 399 – 437

• Basics Related to Time and Work
• Problems on Building a Wall or doing a work
• Work Done by Men, Women & Children
• Concept Related to Work and Wages
13. Pipes and Cisterns 438 – 473

• Problems on 2 Inlet Pipes
• Problems on More than 2 Inlet Pipes
• Problems on 1 Inlet and 1 Outlet Pipe
• Problems on More than 1 Inlet and Outlet Pipe
• Miscellaneous Problems
14. Simple and Compound Interest 474 – 511

• Basic Terminologies related to Interest
• Simple Interest
• Compound Interest
• A shorter approach to calculate CI
• Some Important Concepts
• Simple and Compound Interest Mix Problems
• Successive Change Principle
3
• Instalments
15. Geometry – Introduction to Geometric Figures 512 – 546

• Basic Definitions
• Angles and their types
• Relation between Angles
• Lines and their relations between Angles
• Two-Dimensional Geometric Figures
• Quadrilaterals
• Midpoints of Quadrilaterals
• Polygons
• Introduction to Co-ordinate Geometry
16. Geometry – Triangles 547 – 583

• Properties of a Triangle
• Types of Triangles
• Perimeter and Area of Triangle
• Geometric Centres of Triangles
• Congruency of Triangles
• Similarity of Triangles
17. Geometry – Circles and Mixed Figures 584 – 623

• Introduction to Circles
• Important Theorems and Results related to Circles
• Mixed Figures
18. Mensuration 2D 624 – 661

• Triangles and their types
• Some Properties of Triangle in terms of Area
• Circles and Semicircles
• Quadrant and Circular Ring
• Sector and Segment of Circles
• Quadrilaterals
• Cyclic Quadrilateral
• Polygon
• Recap of all formulas in a table format
19. Mensuration 3D 662 – 690

• Cuboid and Cube
• Cylinder
• Cone and Cone Frustum
4
• Sphere and Hemisphere
• Pyramid and Prism
• Recap of all formulas in a table format
20. Trigonometry 691 – 732

• Angles and Radians
• Relation between Degree and Radian
• Trigonometric Ratios and their Values
• Trigonometric Identities
• Compound Angles
• Multiple and Submultiple Angles
• Applications of Trigonometry
• Heights and Distances
• Sine and Cosine Laws
21. Data Interpretation 733 – 777

• Basic Calculations and concepts used in DI Problems
• Bar Chart
• Pie Chart
• Line Graph
• Tables
• Mixed Graphs
22. Statistics, Progressions and Probability 778 – 809

• Statistics (Mean, Median and Mode)
• Relation between Mean, Median and Mode
• Progressions (Arithmetic, Geometric and Harmonic)
• Relation between Arithmetic, Geometric and Harmonic Mean
• Permutation and Combination
• Probability
5
BASIC CALCULATION TRICKS
Hello! Welcome to the journey of cracking Quantitative Number System 2

Aptitude Section of the SSC CGL Tier I Exam.
Interest 1-2
Quantitative Aptitude is generally considered as the most
difficult section of the exam and so, here we are with the Profit loss & Discount 2-3
genius strategies to the questions this section with the Mixture & Alligation 1-2
highest efficiency.
Percentages 1-2
This "Basic Calculation Tricks" chapter serves as a Partnership 1-2
foundational guide for mastering essential mathematical
techniques. This section equips candidates with time- So, in all these topics, if we can see that some topics like
saving and efficient methods to perform basic Simplification, Percentage and Data Interpretation are
calculations swiftly and accurately. With a focus on (more or less) calculation-based topics and other topics
simplifying arithmetic operations, the chapter introduces like Arithmetic and Advance have the 1 : 1 ratio of
shortcuts, tips, and tricks that are invaluable during the calculation and concept.
examination.
And we all know this very well that calculation plays a
Understanding and applying these calculation techniques main role in this section, especially when you have less
not only enhance a candidate's speed but also contribute time and more questions to do. So, what if we reduce your
significantly to overall accuracy, making it an time consumption in calculation of one question by 10 to
indispensable component of SSC CGL Tier I preparation. 15 seconds? Yes, you will save your 5 to 10 valuable
From rapid mental calculations to smart approaches for minutes in this 1-hour exam.
handling numerical problems, the "Basic Calculation
Tricks" chapter empowers candidates to navigate the These calculation tricks would help you if you stuck in
quantitative section with confidence and efficiency. the situation like these:
• You have to solve 84.17% of 49 to get the answer.
Relevance of the topic in SSC CGL Tier I Exam • You have to solve 234 × 837 to get the answer.
• You have to find 792 to get the answer.

Well, this is not an actual topic asked in the main exam,
but it has the main purpose to enhance your speed to solve • You have to find √17689 to get the answer, etc.
questions asked in the exam. Wondering how? Let’s find Even if you’re not stuck in any situation, still these tricks
out. will make you fall in love with this subject. So, let’s start
We know that, in SSC CGL Tier I exam, Quantitative it with the basic calculation i.e. multiplication of two-
Aptitude section has 25 questions. Given below is the digit numbers.
table of topics asked in SSC CGL Tier I exam vs the
number of questions asked in from the respective topics.
How to multiply 2-digit Numbers in 10 seconds?
Topics Weightage
Average 1-2
We all can do a single digit by single digit multiplication,
Algebra 2-3 a single digit by double digit multiplication and many
Speed, Time and Distance 1-2 more.
Geometry 2-3 But the problem comes when we got two two-digit
Simplification 1-2 numbers. Sometimes it became very lengthy and
Time and Work 1-2 confusing when the numbers are like 87 and 63. It takes
more time than expected in calculation especially in
Mensuration 2-3 exams.
Trigonometry 2-3
So, let’s take some easy numbers like 21 & 47 and try to
Data Interpretation 4-5
multiply them.
Ratio & Proportion 2
E.g. 21 × 47 = ? So, 987 is the answer.
Sol: We know that 21 multiply by 47 means we add 47 up We can do it for any two two-digit numbers, let’s take 87
to 21 times or we add 21 up to 47 times. and 63.
Since, 21 is very close to the number ending with 0 (i.e. E.g. 87 × 63 = ?

20), we can simply multiply 47 with 20 (or 2 and then add
Sol:
0 to the right of right most digit) and then add 47 to it.
i.e. 47 × 20 = 940, and then, 940 + 47 = 987.
So, 987 is the answer.
Yeah, I know what you are thinking, that if we must do

same ‘first multiplication and then addition’ work then (Explanation)
we can do it simply by the conventional method. Also, it
has limitations that number should be near the multiples I. unit digits, 7 × 3 = 21 (so 1, and 2 carry)
of 10.
II. cross multiplication, 3 × 8 = 24 & 6 × 7 = 42 and 24
So, here is the trick by which you can multiply two-digit
+ 42 = 66 and 66 + 2 = 68 (so 8, and 6 carry)
numbers in one line by doing most of the calculation in
mind. There are three simple steps. III. tens digits, 8 × 6 = 48 and 48 + 6 = 54 So, 5481 is the
answer.
Like that, we can multiply any number with any number

without any lengthy manual work.
This is the modern adaptation of our ancient Vedic

Mathematics rule of Multiplication. Try it few more
Step I: multiply the unit digits and write the unit digit of times and when you’ll get used to of this method, you’ll
answer (say d) [carry the tens digit (if any)] be able to do it in 10 seconds only.
Step II: Cross multiply the digits (i.e. unit digit of first Now, let’s look at some more methods.
no. with tens digit of second number and vice versa) and
add them [add the carried quantity too (if any)] and write In multiplication you can rewrite the term according to
the unit digit of the answer (say c) and carry the remaining your convention according to the question, let’s learn this
number (if any) with the help of an example.
[Note: Since these are just two-digit numbers to add, it E.g. 17 × 21 = ?

can be done in our mind, there is no need to write them] Sol: We can write 17 × 21 as,
Step III: Multiply the tens digits and add the carried 17 × (17 + 4) = 289 + 68 = 357 (Ans.)
quantity (if any) and write the answer (say ab)
Also, in multiplication, when the difference between both
So, abcd is your answer. the terms is less and the difference of the terms is even,
then we can rearrange the terms in the form (a + b) (a -
Confusing? let’s take the above example and see how it
b) so that we can use the identity:
works.
(a + b) (a - b) = a2 – b2
E.g. 17 × 21 = ?
Sol: Here the difference between the terms is small and
that is even.
(Explanation)
= 17 × 21 = (19 - 2) (19 + 2)
I. unit digits, 1 × 7 = 7
= 192 – 22 = 361 – 4 = 357 (Ans.)
II. cross multiplication, 7 × 2 = 14 & 4 × 1 = 4 and
14 + 4 = 18 (so 8, and 1 carry) Let’s take an example and try to solve it in both ways.
III. tens digits, 4 × 2 = 8 and 8 + 1 = 9 E.g. 32 × 46 = ?

Sol: We can write 32 × 46 as 32 × (32 + 10 + 4).
Here we will not convert 46 as 32 + 14 but we will write 8.5.
it as 32 + 10 + 4.
Here, the result will get multiplied by 100 i.e. 850. (Ans.)
= 32 × (32 + 10 + 4) = 1024 + 320 + 128
So, here we learnt some good ways to do two-digit
= 1024 + 320 + 128 = 1472 (Ans.) multiplications. Now, let’s move on to the next trick,
where we will learn to multiply the 3-digit numbers in less
Here the difference between the terms is even so let’s try
than 20 seconds.
our second method too.
= 32 × 46 = (39 - 7) (39 + 7)
How to multiply 3-digit Numbers in 20 seconds?
= 1521 – 49 = 1472 (Ans.)
You’re wondering that in this method, we must learn the
squares of all these numbers to solve it quickly. Yes, but Let’s talk about multiplication of two three-digit
don’t worry, we have a method to find the squares of the numbers. It is little bit difficult to digest and also, there
numbers within no time. But before that, let’s learn these are very rare chances that the multiplication of two three-
multiplication tricks completely. digit numbers will come in exam. But when it comes, it
will take a lot of time of yours, especially if the options
In multiplication, when numbers involved are near 100 are quite similar.
so we can increase the speed of our calculation by
extending the given concept. Now, when we see the numbers like 367 and 824, first
thing comes in our mind is that can we multiply these
E.g. 93 × 110 = ? numbers in one line? So, the answer is, yes, we can.
Sol: We can write 93 × 110 as, Let’s check how.
110 × (100 - 7) = 11000 – 770 = 10230 (Ans.) It requires 5 simple (not really) steps.
E.g. 83 × 95 = ?
Sol: We can write 83 × 95 as,
83 × (100 - 5) = 8300 – 415 = 7885 (Ans.)
Quick Trick I: Multiplication by 5.
Explanation of these 5 steps is same as the explanation of
When we need to multiply a number by 5, instead of two-digit multiplication. Let’s take an example and try to
doing it manually here we should first divide the number understand.
by 2 and multiply it with 10.
E.g. 367 × 824 = ?
!"
As 5 can be written as #
which implies dividing by 2 and
Sol:
multiplying by 10 is same as multiplying by 5.
E.g. 95 × 5 = ?
Sol: For 95 × 5, we have to divide 95 by 2, we will get
47.5.
(Explanation)
By multiplying the result by 10 we will get 475. (Ans.)
Step I: 7 × 4 = 28 (so 8 and 2 carry)
Quick Trick II: Multiplication by 25.
Step II: 6 × 4 = 24 & 7 × 2 = 14 and 24 + 14 = 38 and 38
When we need to multiply a number by 25, instead of + 2 = 40 (so 0, and 4 carry)
doing it manually here we should first divide the number Step III: 3 × 4 = 12 & 7 × 8 = 56 & 6 × 2 = 12.
by 4 and multiply it with 100.
So, 12 + 56 + 12 = 80 and 80 + 4 = 84 (so 4, and 8 carry)
!""
As 25 can be written as $
which implies dividing by 4
Step IV: 3 × 2 = 6 & 6 × 8 = 48 and 6 + 48 = 54 and 54
and multiplying by 100 is same as multiplying by 25. + 8 = 62 (so 2, and 6 carry)
E.g. 34 × 25 = ? Step V: 3 × 8 = 24 and 24 + 6 = 30
Sol: For 34 × 25, we need to divide 34 by 4 so we will get So, the answer is 302408.
NUMBER SYSTEM
Welcome to the third step to crack the Quantitative you can find only 1 question, but you have to be prepared
Aptitude Section of the SSC CGL Tier I Exam. In this for 2 questions.
unit, we will discuss the very interesting topic ‘Number
Let’s have a look on the difficulty level of these questions
System’.
also.
Understanding the Number System is fundamental for
success in the SSC CGL Tier 1 exam as it forms the basis
for various mathematical concepts. The Number System Difficulty Level
encompasses integers, fractions, decimals, and rational 2.5
and irrational numbers. SSC CGL aspirants need a strong 2
grasp of concepts such as divisibility rules, prime 1.5
factorization, and properties of numbers to solve 1
problems efficiently. 0.5
0
Mastering this foundational topic not only aids in solving 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
numerical problems but also lays the groundwork for Easy 1 0 0 0 0
more advanced mathematical concepts tested in the SSC
Moderate 0 1 2 1 1
CGL Tier 1 examination. But first discuss its relevance
in the main exam. Hard 0 0 0 1 1
Easy Moderate Hard
Importance and Relevance in SSC CGL Exam

We can understand by this graph that in year 2019, 2020
Number System is a very important topic in SSC CGL and 2021, the level of questions of Number System was
Tier 1 Exam. We can see 2 questions every year of this easy to moderate. But from last 2 years, we can see that
topic in exam from last 3 years. Let’s check out the trend the level of questions is increasing from moderate to
of this topic in last 5 years in SSC CGL Tier 1 exam. hard. So, we can predict by this trend that in this year, the
level will be moderate to hard.
By going through all the papers of last 5 years of SSC
CGL Tier 1 Exam, we can understand about the number But don’t worry, we’re here to master you the topic so
of questions of Number System topic and their difficulty that your 4 marks will be confirmed after completing this
level. Don’t worry, we’ve done it for you. But let us tell chapter. So, let’s start.
you one more important thing. This chapter will also
eventually help you to solve questions from all the other
chapters as this chapter deals only with numbers and their Introduction to Numbers
properties.
Now, this graph is the representation of the average Numbers: The basic pillar of Mathematics, the language
number of questions asked of this topic in Exam in last 5 of the universe. The thing which we learnt in our first
years. mathematics class. The thing we deal with, in our day-to-
day life. The thing which is almost everywhere.
Number System Topic Well, we are not here to talk about the universe. But let
me make this thing very clear. This is the most important
3 topic of the quant section. Not only this one, but the entire
2 “Number System”.
1 But we promise that we will make this chapter most

interesting and a favourite one.
0
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 So, just be with me in the entire session and see how these
numbers are going to amaze you every time. So, be ready
No. of Questions to enjoy as well as learn.
We can comprehend from this graph that 2 questions are

Classification of Numbers
definitely asked in every set of the exam and in some sets,
Here is the chart which classifies numbers.
Let’s discuss all these terms one by one: Composite Numbers – The numbers which are divisible
by numbers other than 1 and the number itself, are called
Natural Numbers – All positive integers are called composite numbers. E.g. 4 is divisible by 1, 2 and 4. All
natural numbers. We can say it is a series of numbers numbers other than 1 and prime numbers are composite
from 1 to ∞. i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4…… numbers i.e. 4, 6, 8, 9, 10…...
Even Numbers – Numbers which when divided by 2 We can say that,

leaves remainder 0 or say, are completely divisible by 2
are called even numbers i.e. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12…. Natural numbers = Prime numbers + composite
numbers + 1
The unit digits of even numbers are 0, 2, 4, 6, 8.
Whole Numbers – All natural numbers including 0 are
Odd Numbers – Numbers which when divided by 2 called whole numbers. We can say it is a series of
leaves remainder 1 or say, are not completely divisible by numbers from 0 to ∞ i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4....
2 are called odd numbers i.e. 1, 3, 5, 7….
Integers – All numbers either positive and negative
The unit digits of odd numbers are 1, 3, 5, 7, 9. including zero which do not have any fractional or
decimal part are called integers. We can say it is a series
Prime Numbers – Numbers which are only divisible by of numbers from - ∞ to + ∞ i.e. …...-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2,
1 or the number itself are called are called prime numbers 3…….
i.e. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11……
Co-prime Numbers – Two numbers are termed to be co-
2 is the only even prime numbers in the number system. prime if they have common factor as 1. E.g. (3, 4), both
3 and 4 have only 1 as a common factor, thus 3 and 4 are
co-primes of each other.
We will discuss prime numbers in detail but first let’s
complete the introduction of numbers.
Rational Numbers – Numbers that can be represented in ) )$* )$&
⇒ , ,
the form p/q such that p and q are co-prime integers and ( ($* ($&
q ≠ 0. E.g. -1/7, 293/667, -32/1108 etc. By the above given logic, we can conclude that 5/3 is
greatest among the given.
Let’s learn to convert non-terminating and recurring
decimals into fraction. Irrational Numbers - The numbers which cannot be
written as p/q. i.e. in decimal form. These numbers are
E.g. Express 0.82828282…. in the form of a fraction. non-terminating and non-recurring numbers. e.g. √2
Sol: Let x = 0.82828282… _____(1) Real Numbers – All rational and irrational numbers
combinedly are termed as real numbers, or we may say
As the period containing 2 digits, we multiply by 102 = these are numbers whose squares are positive numbers.
100,
Imaginary Numbers - These are the numbers whose
∴ 100x = 82.82828282…. ______(2) squares are negative numbers. They are represented by
iota ‘i’.
Now, (2) – (1), we get,
(i = √(-1), i2 = -1, i3 = -i, i4 = 1)
⇒ 99x = 82 ∴ x = 82/99 (Ans.)
E.g. Express 0.024024024024024024….. in the form of Now, let’s discuss prime numbers in detail.
a fraction.
Sol: Let x = 0.024024024024…. ____(1) Prime Numbers
3
As the period is containing 3 digits, we multiply with 10
= 1000 As we have discussed it earlier, these are the numbers
which have exactly two factors. And these two factors are
∴ 1000x = 24.02404024…. ____(2) 1 and the number itself.
Now, (2) – (1), we get, From 1 to 50, we have 15 prime factors.
⇒ 999x = 24 From 1 to 100, we have 25 prime factors. And these are,
∴ x = 24/999 = 8/333 (Ans.) 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53,
If p < q and the numerator and denominator of a fraction 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89 and 97.
is increased by a similar amount, say a, where a is some
positive number, then the fraction thus formed will be Prime numbers have some properties like:
! !$%
greater than the original fraction i.e.
"
< " $ %.
i) No integer can divide them completely other than 1 and
the number itself (that’s why they have only two factors).
When b, some negative number, is added to the given
fraction in numerator and denominator then the resultant ii) Every prime number should be in the form of [4n + 1
fraction would be smaller than the given fraction. or 4n – 1] for less than 5 and [6n + 1 or 6n – 1] for more
than or equal to 5. But the reverse of this statement is not
E.g. Which of the following is smallest among the given?
true. E.g. 25 can be written as 6(4) + 1 but it is not a prime
3/4, 2/3, 5/6, 4/5
number.
Sol: We can rewrite the above given fractions like this,
&$' & &$( &$& iii) Every integer, greater than 1, can be written as the
⇒ , ,
($' ( ($( ($&
,
product of prime numbers.
By the above given concept, we can conclude that 2/3 is
smallest. Since, there is no formula to find out whether a number
is prime or not. But for small numbers, we can use this
If p > q and the numerator and denominator of a fraction trick,
is increased by a similar amount, say a, then the fraction
thus formed will be smaller than the original fraction i.e. Take the square root of the number (approximately) and
! !$% check its divisibility by the prime numbers smaller than
"
> " $ %. its square root.
E.g. Which of the following given fraction is greatest E.g. Check whether 97 is a prime number or not.
among the given?
Sol: Square root of 97 will be between 9 and 10. So the
5/3, 9/7, 7/5 prime numbers smaller than 9 are 2, 3, 5 and 7. Since 97
Sol: We can rewrite the above given fractions like this,
is not divisible by any of these, hence it is a prime The most interesting fact is, the divisibility rule of 9 and
number. 11 is also applicable for 99, 999, 101, 1001, etc. but in a
slightly different way.
E.g. Check whether 91 is a prime number or not.
Let’s understand this thing by taking an example of a
Sol: Square root of 91 will be between 9 or 10. So the number ‘abcdefg’
prime numbers smaller than 9 are 2, 3, 5 and 7. Since 91
is divided by 7 (13 × 7 = 91). 91 is not a prime number. ● This number is divisible by 9 if: (a + b + c + d + e +
f + g) is 9 at the end (or a multiple of 9)
Every number other than Prime number and 1 is a
composite number. ● This number is divisible by 99 if: (a + bc + de + fg)
is divisible by 99. [Pairing from right side]
Divisibility Rule ● This number is divisible by 999 if: (a + bcd + efg)

is divisible by 999. [Tripling from right side]
Let’s discuss the divisibility rule of some numbers. And so on…
DIVISIBILITY BY 2: A number is always divisible by
2 if it is an even number i.e. its last digit is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8. Also,
● This number is divisible by 11 if: (g + e + c + a) –
DIVISIBILITY BY 3: A number is divisible by 3 if the (d + f + b) is 0 or 11
sum of its digits is divisible by 3.
● This number is divisible by 101 if: (fg + bc) – (de +
DIVISIBILITY BY 4: A number is divisible by 4 if the a) is 0 or a multiple of 101 [Pairing from right side]
last two digits of the number are divisible by 4.
● This number is divisible by 1001 if: (efg + a) – (bcd)
DIVISIBILITY BY 5: A number is divisible by 5 if its is 0 or a multiple of 1001 [Tripling from right side]
last digit is 0 or 5.
And so on…
DIVISIBILITY BY 6: A number is divisible by 6 if it is
even and the sum of its digits is divisible by 3. Let us take some examples to understand it clearly.
E.g. Check whether 4636665 is divisible by 9, 99 and 999
DIVISIBILITY BY 8: A number is divisible by 8 if its or not.
last 3 digits are divisible by 8.
Sol: Divisibility by 9:- 4 + 6 + 3 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 5 = 36 and
DIVISIBILITY BY 10: A number is divisible by 10 if 3+6=9
its last digit is 0.
So, yes, it is divisible by 9
DIVISIBILITY BY 12: A number is divisible by 12 if it Divisibility by 99: (Pairing from right side) 4 + 63 + 66
is divisible by both 3 and 4. + 65 = 198
[We will discuss the divisibility rule of 7, 9, 11 and 13 So, yes, it is divisible by 99
now]
[Note: Since the number is divisible by 99. Hence, it is
DIVISIBILITY RULE OF 9 AND 11: also divisible by all the factors of 99. And so, this number
is divisible by 9]
Divisibility by 9: If sum of the digits of the number is 9
at the end (or a multiple of 9), hence it is divisible by 9. Divisibility by 999: (Tripling from right side) 4 + 636 +
665 = 1305
E.g. 356211 has sum of the digits, 3 + 5 + 6 + 2 + 1 + 1
= 18 and 18 had sum of the digits, 8 + 1 = 9, so 356211 So, no it is not divisible by 999. (Ans.)
is divisible by 9.
E.g. Check whether 8064143 is divisible by 11, 101,
Divisibility by 11: If the difference between the sum of 1001.
the digits at odd places (from right) and the sum of the
Sol: Divisibility by 11: (3 + 1 + 6 + 8) – (4 + 4 + 0) = 18
digits at even place (from right) is 0 or a multiple of 11,
– 8 = 10
hence it is divisible by 11.
So, it is not divisible by 11
E.g. 356213 has the sum of the digits at odd places 3 + 2
+ 5 = 10 and the sum of the digits at even places, 1 + 6 + Divisibility by 101: (Pairing from right side) (43 + 06) –
3 = 10. So 10 – 10 = 0. Hence, it is divisible by 11. (41 + 8) = 49 – 49 = 0
GEOMETRY – TRIANGLES
In this unit we will be dealing with the Triangles and

Types of Triangles
their properties. As we discussed that we have divided
the ‘Geometry’ chapter into three parts, so this is the
continuation of the Previous Chapter i.e. Introduction There are three types of triangles on the basis of the
to Geometry. This chapter i.e. Triangles is very crucial sides:
for SSC CGL Tier 1 Exam so we can’t ignore this topic
otherwise we can’t solve most of the questions as most 1. Equilateral triangle: A triangle is said to be
questions are asked from this topic. equilateral if the sum of all the sides of the triangle is
equal i.e. a = b = c = k (let).
In the SSC CGL Tier 1 exam, the topic of triangles forms
a crucial part of the quantitative aptitude section. It Then, the perimeter of this triangle = a + b + c = k + k +
covers various concepts including types of triangles k = 3k.
(such as equilateral, isosceles, and scalene), properties of 2. Isosceles triangle: If any two sides of a triangle are
triangles, Pythagoras theorem, basic trigonometry, and equal then the triangle is said to be isosceles triangle.
questions on similar and congruent triangles. The ability
to solve problems related to area, perimeter, and angles 3. Scalene triangle: If no side of the triangle is equal then
within triangles is tested. the triangle formed is scalene triangle.
Typically, 1-2 questions from this area can be expected. On the basis of angles, triangles have been classified
For aspirants aiming to excel, a strong grasp of formulas, into further three types:
theorems, and their applications in solving problems is
indispensable. Regular practice, alongside a strategic 1. Acute angled triangle: In this type of Triangles all the
approach to understanding concepts, can significantly angles in the triangle measure less than 90°.
enhance performance in this segment.
E.g. 45°, 60°, 75°.
So, let's move on to the closed figure of minimum sides
i.e. triangle. Let's start with basic definition.
Definition: A triangle is a closed three-sided figure.
Properties of a Triangle
1. The sum of any two sides of a triangle is always greater

2. Right-angled triangle: In this type of triangle, one of
than the third side.
the three angles in the triangle measures 90°.
Let us assume a triangle ABC with sides a, b and c, then
E.g. 90°, 45°, 45°.
a + b > c, b + c > a, c + a > b.
2. The sum of the angles of a triangle is 180˚. In the
figure, ∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180˚.
3. The exterior angle of any side of a triangle is equal to
the sum of the interior angles of the other two sides.
If you look at the figure, ∠x is the exterior angle of C
then, according to property 3,
Here, Longest side is called the Hypotenuse.
∠x = ∠A + ∠B.
Pythagoras Theorem:
(Hypotenuse) 2 = (Base)2 + (Height)2
3. Obtuse angled triangle: In this type of triangle, one
of the three angles of a triangle measures more than 90°.
E.g. 120°, 30°, 30°.
Perimeter and Area of Triangle
Important: A centroid triangle divides the median in
the ratio 2 : 1.
We will discuss the area and perimeter in detail in
Mensuration 2D chapter. But for now, it’s just an In the figure, centroid G divides the median AD, AG :
introduction of the area and perimeter as most of the GD = 2 : 1. Similarly, BG : GE = 2 : 1 and CG : GF = 2 :
geometry questions related to triangles also have the area 1.
concept in it.
2. Orthocentre: The intersection of the altitudes is called
Perimeter = sum of all sides orthocentre.
!
Area = " × b × h (Where b is base and h is height)
Theorem 1: Two triangles on the same base and between

the same parallels are equal in area.
3. Incentre: The bisectors of the three angles meet at a

point called incentre (I). It is equidistant from all the three
sides of the triangle.
So, here, Ar (ABC) = Ar (DBC)

As, AD || BC and both the triangles have same base BC.
Theorem 2: If two triangles are similar, then the ratio of
the area of both triangles is proportional to the square of 4. Circumcentre: The meeting point of the
the ratio of their corresponding sides. perpendicular bisectors meet at a point called
circumcentre. It is denoted by C.
i.e. for triangles ABC and DEF, if ΔABC ~ ΔDEF, then,
𝐀𝐫(𝐀𝐁𝐂) 𝐀𝐁 𝟐 𝐁𝐂 𝟐 𝐀𝐂 𝟐
𝐀𝐫(𝐃𝐄𝐅)
= "𝐃𝐄# = " 𝐄𝐅# = "𝐃𝐅#
We will discuss these formulae in detail in Mensuration

2D chapter. For now, just memorise these concepts.
Geometric Centres of Triangles

Important Points:
There are different types of Geometric Centre in a 1. In an acute-angled triangle, all the geometric centres
triangle which are as follows: lie inside the triangle.
1. Centroid: A median is a line segment drawn from a 2. In an obtuse-angled triangle, the orthocentre lies
vertex of a triangle to the opposite side and bisects the outside the triangle while all the other centres lie inside
side. So, the meeting point of the three medians of the the triangle.
triangle is called centroid (G).
3. In the right-angled triangle, the circumcentre lies on
In the figure above, AD, BE and CF are the median the hypotenuse of the triangle while the orthocentre lies
bisecting the lines BC, AC, and AB, and G is the centroid. at the vertex where the right angle is formed.
4. In an isosceles triangle, all the geometric centres lie
on the median.
5. In an equilateral triangle, all the geometric centres There are several ways to prove that two triangles are
coincide with each other. congruent:
Note I: In a right-angled triangle, the length of the SSS (Side-Side-Side) Congruence: If the three sides of
median drawn at the hypotenuse is half the hypotenuse. one triangle are congruent to the three sides of another
triangle, then the triangles are congruent. This means that
if AB = PQ, BC = QR and AC = PR, then triangle ABC
is congruent to triangle PQR.
SAS (Side-Angle-Side) Congruence: If two sides and
the included angle of one triangle are equal to the
corresponding parts of another triangle, then the triangles
are congruent. This means that if AB = PQ, ∠A = ∠P, and
AC = PR then triangle ABC is congruent to triangle PQR.
𝟏
Here, BD = AC ASA (Angle-Side-Angle) Congruence: If two angles
𝟐
and the included side of one triangle are congruent to the
Note II: In the figure given ABC is a triangle and PQ is corresponding parts of another triangle, then the triangles
parallel to AC, then it will divide AB and AC in the same are congruent. This means that if ∠A = ∠P, AB = PQ and
ratio. ∠B = ∠Q, then triangle ABC is congruent to triangle
PQR.
HL (Hypotenuse-Leg) Congruence: If the hypotenuse
and one leg of a right triangle are congruent to the
hypotenuse and one leg of another right triangle, then the
triangles are congruent. This means that if AB = PQ and
BC = QR in right triangle ABC and right triangle PQR,
Let us assume that PQ divides AB in the ratio m : n then then the triangles are congruent.
AC is also divided in the ratio m : n.
𝐦
Also, the length of PQ = 𝐦 0 𝐧 × BC. Similarity of Triangles
E.g. If PQ is a line parallel to BC such that PQ divides

the other two sides in the ratio 2 : 3. Given that BC = 25 Triangles are one of the most fundamental shapes in
cm, then find the length of PQ. geometry, and their similarity is an important concept to
understand. Similar triangles are triangles that have the
Sol: We just learned that if PQ is a line parallel to BC and same shape but may not necessarily have the same size.
it divides the other two sides in the ratio m : n, They are defined as having corresponding angles
2
congruent and the ratio of corresponding sides is equal.
then PQ = 2 0 3 × BC Similar triangles are denoted by " ~ ".
so, this is the direct application; we just have to substitute To prove that two triangles are similar, we can use one of
the values. two methods:
4
PQ = 4 0 " × 25 = 15 cm (Ans.)
Congruency of Triangles
Congruency of triangles refers to the property of two

triangles being identical in both shape and size. In other
words, congruent triangles have the same side lengths AA Rule (Angle-Angle): This similarity postulate states
and the same angles. Congruent triangles are denoted by that if two angles of one triangle are congruent to two
" ≅ ". angles of another triangle, then the triangles are similar.
This means that if ∠A = ∠P and ∠B = ∠Q, then triangle
ABC is similar to triangle PQR.
SAS Rule (Side-Angle-Side): This similarity Theorem
states that if two sides of one triangle are in proportion to
two sides of another triangle and the included angle is
congruent, then the triangles are similar. This means that
STATISTICS, PROGRESSIONS AND PROBABILITY
In this last but not least chapter, we are going to discuss

the topics like Statistics, Progressions and Probability Difficulty Level
and questions based on it, which appear in your SSC
CGL Tier 1 Exam. These topics are not often asked in 1.5
the exam but as these topics are in our syllabus and we 1
can see one question in some sets of the exam in past few 0.5
years, so let’s understand the basics of this topic. So that, 0
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
if an easy question from these topics is asked in the exam,
you should be prepared for it. Easy 1 1 0 1 0
Moderate 0 0 1 0 1
Statistics delve into collecting, analyzing, interpreting,
Hard 0 0 0 0 0
and presenting data, enabling informed decision-making.
Progressions uncover the beauty of sequences and series, Easy Moderate Hard
revealing the structure within numbers. Probability, the
study of likelihood, equips aspirants with the ability to
predict outcomes in uncertain situations. We will also We can understand by this graph that the level of
discuss Permutations and Combinations in it. Though questions of these 4 topics are just easy to moderate
it is not given in the syllabus but to understand (mostly easy) throughout the years. So, we can
probability better, we have to understand what comprehend that the level of questions from these 4
permutations and combinations are. topics will be easy to moderate.
But don’t worry, we’re here to master you the topic so
that your 2 marks (if asked) will be confirmed after
Importance and Relevance in SSC CGL Exam completing this chapter. So, let’s start with Statistics.
As we discussed, these 4 topics are not often asked in the

SSC CGL Tier 1 Exam. Though we can see 1 question Statistics
from any of these topics in some sets of the exam from
last 5 years. Let’s check out the trend of this topic in last
5 years in SSC CGL Tier 1 exam by going through all the In statistics, analyzing data is crucial for drawing
papers of last 5 years of SSC CGL Tier 1 Exam. meaningful conclusions. Measures of central tendency
summarize a set of data by pinpointing a single value that
Now, this graph is the representation of the average represents the "center" of the data.
number of questions asked of this topic in Exam in last 5
years. This chapter explores three fundamental measures of
central tendency: Mean, Median, and Mode, all
frequently tested in the SSC CGL Tier 1 Quantitative
Statistics, Progressions and Probability Aptitude section.
1.5 We will discuss:
1
1. Mean
0.5 2. Median
0
3. Mode
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 And then we will discuss the relation between these 3
No. of Questions
terms. So now, let’s start with the Mean.
So, as discussed earlier, sometimes 1 question from any Mean

of these 4 topics is asked in the exam.
Let’s have a look on the difficulty level of the question The mean, also commonly called the average, is the most
also. widely used measure of central tendency. It's calculated
by adding all the values in a data set and then dividing by
the total number of values.
𝐒𝐮𝐦 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞𝐬
Formula: Mean (AM) = 𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞𝐬
E.g. Consider the exam scores: 75, 82, 90, 88, 65 E.g. The variance of a set of data is 196. Then the
/0 1 23 1 45 1 22 1 60 755
standard deviation of the data is: [SSC CGL 2019]
Mean Score = 0
= 0
= 80
Sol: Given, variance = 196
Suppose we have n values in a set of data namely as x1,
Standard deviation = √(variance) = √(196) = 14 (Ans.)
x2, x3, … , xn, then the mean of data is given by:
𝐱𝟏 1 𝐱𝟐 1 … 1 𝐱𝐧
x̅ =
𝐧
Median
∑𝐧
𝐢%𝟎 𝐱 𝐢
It can also be denoted as: x̅ =
𝐧
The median refers to the "middle" value in a data set
After this, just remember two more things. arranged in ascending or descending order. If the number
of data points is odd, the median is the middlemost value.
Variance: The variance is the overall deviation of the If the number of data points is even, the median is the
observations from their mean (middle or the average)
average of the two middle values.
value. i.e.
∑𝐧
𝐢%𝟎(𝐱 𝐢 = >)
𝟐
Finding the Median:
σ2 =
𝐧
where, σ2 is the Variance of the Population, n is the • Arrange the data in ascending or descending order.
Number of Observation in the Population, xi is the ith • Identify the middle value (odd number of data points)
observation in the Population and μ is the mean of the or calculate the average of the two middle values
Population. (even number of data points).
This formula is also called the Population variance E.g. Consider the ages of applicants: 28, 22, 30, 32, 25
formula as it is used for finding the variation in the
population data. Arranged in ascending order: 22, 25, 28, 30, 32
Also, the other formula for finding the variance is the Since we have an odd number (5), the median age is the
sample variance formula is given below middle value, which is 28.
∑𝐧 @ )𝟐
𝐢%𝟎(𝐱 𝐢 = 𝐱 • If number of values or observations in the given data
S2 = 𝐧 𝐧1𝟏
is odd, then the median is given by 𝟐 th observation.
S2 = Variance,
• If in the given data set, the number of values or
n = The number of data point observations is even, then the median is given by the
𝐧 𝐧
average of 𝟐th and [𝟐 + 1]th observation.
xi = Each of the values of the data
x̅ = The mean of xi
Standard Deviation: The standard deviation is the Mode
“spread of the statistical data from the mean or average
position”. It is denoted by σ. i.e. The mode is the most frequent value (the value that
appears most often) in a data set. A data set can have one
Standard Deviation = √(Variance) mode (unimodal), two modes (bimodal), or even no mode
Now, let’s look at some questions asked in SSC CGL Tier (when all values appear with equal frequency).
1 previous year papers. Finding the Mode:
A A B A A A B
E.g. The mean of the data 1, 3 , 3 , 7 , 7 , 2, 3 , 7 , 7 is: Identify the value that appears most frequently in the data
[SSC CGL 2020] set.
A A B A A A B
Sol: Data = 1, , , , , 2, , ,
3 3 7 7 3 7 7 E.g. Consider the shoe sizes of a group: 7, 8, 7, 9, 8, 7
Number of data = 9 Shoe size 7 appears three times, making it the mode.
CDE FG FHIJKLMNOFPI
Mean = NFNMQ PDEHJK FG FHIJKLMNOFPI Just remember this formula:
A A B A A A B 𝐟𝟏 – 𝐟𝟎
Sum of numbers = 1 + 3 + 3 + 7 + 7 + 2 + +7+7 = Mode for class interval = l + [ ]×h
3 𝟐𝐟𝟏 – 𝐟𝟎 – 𝐟𝟐
713131B1A12131A1B 36 AB
7
= 7
= 3 Where, l = lower limit of model frequency
'(
AB f1 = model frequency
Now, Mean = 4
)
= A2 (Ans.)
f0 = preceding frequency of model frequency Ascending order of Data: 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8
f2 = succeeding frequency of model frequency Median = The median is the middle number in a sorted,
ascending or descending order.
h = class interval
Hence, Median = 7 (Ans.)
E.g. For a sample data, mean = 60 and median = 48. For
Relation between Mean, Median and Mode
this distribution, the mode is: [SSC CGL 2022]
Sol: By the formula,
The formula that describes the relationship among the Mode = 3 Median - 2 Mean = 3 × 48 - 2 × 60 = 24 (Ans.)
mean, median, and mode, which are the three measures
of central tendency for a moderately skewed distribution, Now, let’s move to another topic i.e. Progressions.
is given by:
Mode = 3 Median – 2 Mean Progressions
This connection is also referred to as an empirical
formula. It is utilized to determine one measure when the The topic of progressions is a logical and natural
other two are already known for a specific dataset. By extension of the chapter Number Systems, since there is
swapping the left-hand side (LHS) and right-hand side such a lot of commonalities of logic between the
(RHS), this formula can be expressed in various forms. problems associated with these two topics. Let’s
understand why.
Choosing the Right Measure of Central Tendency:
We will discuss 3 types of progressions:
The choice of which measure to use depends on the
nature of your data set: 1. Arithmetic Progressions
2. Geometric Progressions
• Mean: A good choice for symmetrical data sets 3. Harmonic Progressions
without extreme outliers. However, outliers can
significantly skew the mean. And then we will discuss the relation between these 3
progressions. So now, let’s start with the Arithmetic
• Median: Less sensitive to outliers compared to the Progressions.
mean. It's a good choice for skewed data sets or when
outliers exist.
Arithmetic Progressions
• Mode: Useful for identifying the most frequent
value, particularly when dealing with categorical data
(e.g., shoe sizes, colors). An arithmetic progression (AP) is a sequence of numbers
where the difference between consecutive terms remains
Important Points to Remember: constant. This constant difference is called the common
difference (d).
• The mean, median, and mode can all be different for
the same data set. E.g. 3, 7, 11, 15, … or 8, 2, –4, –10, …
• The mean is the most affected by outliers, while the Key Elements of an AP:
median is less so, and the mode is not affected at all.
First Term (a): The starting number of the sequence.
• It's often beneficial to calculate all three measures
Common Difference (d): The constant value added (or
(mean, median, and mode) to get a more
subtracted) to reach the next term. Positive d signifies an
comprehensive understanding of the data's central
increasing sequence, negative d indicates a decreasing
tendency.
one. So, the series is
Now, let’s look at some questions asked in SSC CGL Tier
a, a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, …
1 previous year papers.
Nth Term (an): Represents any term in the sequence. Its
E.g. The mode and median of the data 8, 6, 8, 7, 8, 6, 8,
position is denoted by n (a natural number). So,
7, 6 is: [SSC CGL 2019]
an = a + (n – 1)d
Sol: Data: 8, 6, 8, 7, 8, 6, 8, 7, 6
Sum of n terms (Sn): Represent the sum of a finite AP.
Mode: The mode of a set of data values is the value that
appears most often. 𝐧
Sn = 𝟐 [2a + (n – 1) d]
Hence, Mode = 8
Arithmetic Mean: For odd number of terms in an a negative term becomes positive). A common ratio of -
arithmetic progression, the middle term is the arithmetic 1 results in an alternating sequence of positive and
mean and for even number of terms, the average of negative terms. So, the series is
middle 2 terms will be the arithmetic mean. i.e.
a, ar, ar2, ar3, …
𝐚1𝐛
Arithmetic mean of 2 quantities a and b will be 𝟐
. Nth Term (an): This formula helps you find the value of
any term (an) based on the first term (a), common ratio
Arithmetic mean of more than 2 quantities in an AP =
𝐟𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐦 1 𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐭 𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐦 (r), and term position (n).
𝟐
an = ar(n – 1)
Let’s take an example to understand it better.
Sum of n terms (Sn): This formula calculates the total
E.g. The first term of an arithmetic progression (AP) is 5 sum (Sn) of all the terms in a finite GP.
and the common difference is 2.
For r > 1,
1) What is the 4th term in the AP (a4)? 𝐫𝐧 = 𝟏
Sn = a 𝐫 = 𝟏
2) Calculate the sum of the first 4 terms (S4).
For r < 1,
𝟏 = 𝐫𝐧
3) Find the arithmetic mean of the first 4 terms. Sn = a 𝟏 = 𝐫
Sol: 1) By formula, we know that, an = a + (n – 1)d Sum of an infinite geometric progression when r < 1,
Here, a = 5, n = 4 and d = 2. 𝐚
S∞ = 𝟏 = 𝐫
So, a4 = 5 + (4 – 1)2 = 5 + (3)2 = 5 + 6 = 11 (Ans.)
Geometric Mean: Geometric mean of 2 quantities a and
P
2) By formula, we know that, Sn = 3 [2a + (n – 1) d] b will be √𝐚𝐛.
Here again, a = 5, n = 4 and d = 2. Let’s take an example to understand it better.

7
So, S4 = 3 [2 × 5 + (4 – 1) 2] = 2[10 + (3)2] = 32 (Ans.) E.g. The first term of a geometric progression (GP) is 3
and the common ratio is 2.
GOKIN NJKE 1 QMIN NJKE
3) By formula, we know that AM = 3
1) What is the 5th term in the GP (a5)?
Here, first term = 5 and last term (4th term) = 11 [from 2) Calculate the sum of the first 5 terms (S5).
(1)]
3) Find the geometric mean of the first and 5th term.
GOKIN NJKE 1 QMIN NJKE 0 1 AA A6
So, AM = = = = 8 (Ans.) Sol: 1) By formula, we know that, an = ar(n – 1)
3 3 3
Here, a = 3 and r = 2.
Geometric Progressions So, a5 = 3 × 2(5 – 1) = 3 × 24 = 3 × 16 = 48 (Ans.)
K+ – A
A geometric progression (GP) is a sequence of numbers 2) By formula, we know that for r > 1, Sn = a
K–A
where each term is obtained by multiplying the previous
3, – A
term by a constant value called the common ratio (r). So, S5 = 3 × = 3 × (32 – 1) = 3 × 31 = 93 (Ans.)
3–A
Here's an example:
3) Geometric Mean = √ab
2, 4, 8, 16, 32, ...
Here, a = 3 (first term) and b = 48 (5th term)
In this example, the common ratio (r) is 2. Each term is
obtained by multiplying the preceding term by 2. GPs can Geometric Mean = √3 × 48 = √144 = 12 (Ans.)
be finite, having a definite number of terms, or infinite,
continuing indefinitely.
Key Elements of a GP: Harmonic Progressions
First Term (a): The starting number of the sequence.

Three quantities a, b, c are said to be in Harmonic
Common Ratio (r): The constant value that multiplies M M=H
Progression when W = H = W.
each term to get the next one. A positive r signifies an
increasing sequence, while a value between 0 and -1
indicates a decreasing sequence (negative r multiplied by
A A A A (1002 - 992) + (982 - 972) + (962 - 952) + (942 - 932) +
In simple words, if a, b, c, d are in A.P. then M, H, W and X
........... + (222 - 212) = (100 + 99)(100 - 99) + (98 +
are in G.P. So,
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 97)(98 - 97) + .......+(22 + 21)(22 - 21) = 100 + 99 + 98
– =𝐛–𝐚
𝐜 𝐛 + 97 + .....+ 22 + 21
[Note: There is no general formula for the sum of any Now, sum of first n terms =
P(P 1 A)
number of quantities in harmonic progression. Questions 3
in H.P. are generally solved by inverting the terms, and 3A
So, sum of 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ....+ 20 = 20 × = 210
making use of the properties of the corresponding A.P.] 3
Harmonic Mean: For 2 quantities a and b, Also, sum of 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ......+ 97 + 98 + 99 + 100 =

A5A
100 × = 5050
𝟐𝐚𝐛 3
Harmonic Mean = 𝐚 1 𝐛
Now the required sum = 5050 - 210 = 4840.
So, statement I is correct.
Relation between AM, GM and HM
for statement II:
If A, G, H are the arithmetic, geometric, and harmonic ⇒
A A A
1k 3 + Z)3 1k − Z3 1k 7 + Z- 3 1k + Z3 1k 7 − Z- 3
A A
means between a and b, we have: A A A A A
= 1k 3 + Z)3 1k 3 − Z)3 1k 2 − Z/ 3 = 1𝑘 7 − [ -3 1𝑘 2 − [ / 3
M1H
A= A
3 Which is not equal to 1𝑘A6 − [ '. 3.
G = √ab So statement II is incorrect. Hence, only statement I is
correct. (Ans.)
3MH
H = M1H E.g. Find the weighted arithmetic mean of the first ‘n’
natural numbers, the weights being the corresponding
In general, A > G > H.
numbers. [SSC CGL 2022]
M1H 3MH
Hence, 3
> √ab > M 1 H Sol: Sum of squares of the first 'n' natural numbers
P(P 1 A)(3P 1 A)
=
We will use this relation in some questions in the exercise 6
to understand this better. P(P 1 A)
Sum of first 'n' natural numbers = 3
Now, let’s look at some questions asked in SSC CGL Tier
1 previous year papers. First 'n' natural numbers = 1, 2, 3, ......, n
E.g. Find the sum of 6 + 8 + 10 + 12 + 14 + .......... + 40. Their corresponding weights = 1, 2, 3, ......, n
[SSC CGL 2020]
P
Sol: Sn = 3 × (a + l) and an = a + (n – 1)d Now, weighted arithmetic mean
(A × A 1 3 × 3 1 B × B 1 … 1 P × P) A) 1 3) 1 B) 1 … 1 P)
= ( A 1 3 1 B 1 … 1 P)
= A131B1…1P
⇒ 40 = 6 + (n - 1) × 2
+(+1')()+1')
3P 1 A
⇒ 34 = (n - 1) × 2 = .
+(+1') = B
)
⇒ n = 18.
Hence the weighted arithmetic mean of the first ‘n’ natural
A2 3P 1 A
So, S18 = 3
× (6 + 40) = 9 × 46 = 414 (Ans.) numbers is B (Ans.)
E.g. Which of the following statement is correct? Now, we are going to understand the concept of
Probability. But before understanding the concept of
I. The value of 1002 - 992 + 982 - 972 + 962 - 952 + 942 - Probability, let’s just quickly understand the
932 + ........... + 222 - 212 is 4840. Permutations and Combinations. It will help to
A A A understand the probability better.
II. The value of 1k 3 + 3 1k − Z3 1k 7 + Z-3 1k +
Z)
A A A
Z
3 1k 7 − Z- 3 is 1kA6 − Z'.3 [SSC CGL 2022]
Permutation
1.Neither I nor II 2.Only II
3.Only I 4.Both I and II Permutation is a mathematical technique that determines
the number of possible arrangements in a set when the
Sol: For statement I: order of the arrangements matter.
In other words, Permutations are the different ways in = 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 720 ways
which a collection of items can be arranged. Permutation
is a two-step process. Number of ways of arranging the vowels among
themselves = 4! ways = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 24 ways.
Formula for Permutation:
Total number of ways = 720 × 24 = 17,280 ways (Ans.)
n P!
Pr =
(P – K)! E.g. In how many ways can 7 children sit in a row of 7
chairs?
where, n = the total no. of elements in a set
Sol: Number of permutations of all 7 children taking 7
r = the no. of selected elements arranged in a specific /! /!
order chairs at a time is = 7P7 = (/ = /)! = 5! = 7! = 7 × 6 × 5 × 4
× 3 × 2 × 1 = 5040 ways (Ans.)
! = factorial
Factorial: The product of the numbers starting from 1 up
to a number ‘n’ is known as factorial (!) of a number ‘n’. Combination
It means, n! = 1 × 2 × 3 ×………. × (n – 2) × (n – 1) × n
The different selections possible from a collection of
For example: 5! = 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 = 120 items are called Combinations. It is a one step process.
Combination is also known as collection. (Order doesn’t
Key Points to Remember: matter)
• 0! and 1! are equal to 1. Formula for Combination:
• We can’t find the factorial of a negative number.
n P!
• If n = r, then nPr = n! Cr = K! × (P – K)!
Let us take some examples: where, n = the total no. of elements in a set
E.g. Find the number of words, with or without meaning, r = the no. of combinations possible
that can be formed with the letters of the word
‘EQUALITY’. ! = factorial
Sol: Word ‘EQUALITY’ contains 5 letters. Key Points to Remember:

Therefore, the number of words that can be formed with
these 5 letters = 8! • n
Cn = 1
• n
C0 = 1
8! = 8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 40320 words (Ans.) • n
C1 = n
E.g. Find the number of words, with or without meaning, • n
Cr = nC(n - r)
that can be formed with the letters of the word Let us take some examples:
“ATTITUDE”.
E.g. In how many ways can a committee of 2 men and 5
Sol: The word “ATTITUDE” contains 8 letters and ‘T’ women can be formed from a group of 5 men and 8
comes ‘thrice’. women?
When a letter occurs more than once in a word, we divide Sol: Total men, n = 5
the factorial of the number of all letters in the word by
the number of occurrences of each other. No. of ways 2 men can be selected from a group of 5 men
0! 0!
Therefore, the number of words formed by = 5C2 = 3! × (0 – 3)! = 3! × B! = 10 ways
2!
“ATTITUDE” = = 8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 = 6720 words.
B! No. of ways 5 women can be selected from a group of 8
(Ans.) 2! 2!
women = 8C5 = 0! × (2 – 0)! = 0! × B! = 56 ways
E.g. How many words formed from word UNETHICAL
when vowels comes together? So, total ways of selection = 5C2 × 8C5 = 10 × 56 = 560
ways.
Sol: In the word “UNETHICAL” we have 9 words, 4
vowels and 5 consonants. E.g. In how many different ways a team of 15 players can
be formed from 20 players if 2 particular players are
As all vowels come together so the letters are N, T, H, C, never selected?
L, (AEIU)
Sol: It is given that 2 particular players are never selected,
These can be arranged in = 6! Ways then we will do selection from the rest of them which
chapter of percentage. We require accuracy with speed in Q:6 If the price of a book is first decreased by 30% and
such competitive exams especially in the quant section so then increased by 20%, then the net change in the price
keep practicing. We will be here to guide you on your will be:
journey towards the SSC CGL Tier 1 Exam. 1.44% 2.50%
3.16% 4.20%
So, that’s all we have in Percentage. With some
seriousness and some practice, you will master this topic. Q:7 A student multiplies a number by 6/5 instead of 5/6.
We will discuss different type of questions to prepare you What is the percentage error in the result?
better for the examination. This exercise will help you to 1.22% 2.25%
deal with the main exam as we will discuss questions 3.44% 4.50%
difficulty wise, as well as we will also discuss those
question, which you can skip to save your time in the Q:8 X pays tax at 24% whereas Y pays tax at 26%. The
examination as all the questions have same marks but overall tax is 24.96% of the total earnings. If the gross
some of them are really time consuming. We will discuss salary of X is Rs 13,00,000, then what is the gross salary
over it, but for now, let’s get to the exercise part. of Y?
1.Rs 1000000 2.Rs 1100000
3.Rs 1200000 4.Rs 1300000
Practice Questions Q:9 Watermelon contains 80% water. After some time it
contains 20% water and its weight becomes 700 gm. Find
Easy Level the weight of the watermelon when it contains 80%
water.
These are easy level questions based on what we have 1.280 kg 2.2.8 kg
learned above. Try to solve all of them without using pen 3.28 kg 4.0.28 kg
and paper.
Q:10 Quantity x is increased by 68%. Due to its product
Time limit: Maximum 15 seconds per question. with another quantity y, the product increase by 26%,
what is the percentage decrease in the value of y?
Q:1 In a train 40% of passengers were about to deboard 1.12% 2.15%
at the last stop, 40% of the remaining passengers were 3.20% 4.25%
about to deboard at the second last stop then how many
passengers deboard at the remaining stops if there were Q:11 25% of 8 times of A is equal to 20 times of B. A is
5000 passengers in the train initially? what percentage of B?
1.1500 2.900 1.200% 2.100%
3.2400 4.1800 3.1000% 4.80%
Q:2 If A is the 9/8 of B and B is the 7/6 of C, then find Q:12 Initially a shopkeeper had n chocolates. A customer
C is how much percent of A? bought 14.28% chocolate from n then another customer
1.58.19% 2.42.86% bought 16.67% of the remaining chocolates. Finally,
3.55.52% 4.76.19% shopkeeper is left with 240 chocolates in his shop. How
many chocolates were there initially in his shop?
Q:3 If 30% of x is equal to 5 times of 20% of y, then find 1.432 2.336
the value of x : y. 3.442 4.342
1.10 : 7 2.10 : 3
3.3 : 10 4.3 : 7 Q:13 If the cost of a toy worth Rs 1200 is increased by
Rs 300. Find the rate of increase of the cost of toy.
Q:4 Vedant's salary decreased by 60% and then increased 1.30% 2.45%
by 60%. Find the overall percentage reduction of 3.50% 4.25%
Vedant's salary.
1.64% 2.36% Q:14 A person gives 20% of his salary to his wife, 25%
3.24% 4.40% of the remaining to a hospital (as a donation) and then he
has Rs. 7200 with him. What was the initial sum of
Q:5 162.5% and 68.75% are converted into fractions in money with that person?
their simplest form. Find the sum of denominators of 1.Rs. 16000 2.Rs. 12000
those fractions. 3.Rs. 18000 4.Rs. 1560
1.20 2.22
3.23 4.24 Q:15 The salary of Ram is 33.33% more than Shyam and
the salary of Hanuman is 13.33% more than Ram's. If
their salary of Shyam is 45000 rupees, find the salary of
Hanuman.
1.72000 rupees 2.68000 rupees Q:26 Per kg rate of iron is increased by 10% and the
3.64000 rupees 4.50000 rupees weight of iron gate is decreased by 12%. If the price of
the iron gate got decreased by Rs. 800 due to this then,
Q:16 A number is increased by 15% and then decreased what is the new price of iron gate?
by 16%. The resultant is 20% less than 36,225. Find the 1.Rs. 24700 2.Rs. 23200
number? 3.Rs. 25700 4.Rs. 24200
1.27800 2.35600
3.31450 4.30000 Q:27 The price of an iPhone 11 in India is given as Rs.
58,000. But there are two different G.S.T charged by two
Q:17 If radius of a cylinder gets increased by 20% and different states i.e. 12% and 14% in states 1 and states 2
height by 12.5%, find percentage increase in total surface respectively. Find the difference in the prices.
area of cylinder (initially height and radius are equal). 1.Rs 1322 2.Rs 1540
1.39.5% 2.42.5% 3.Rs 1160 4.Rs 1250
3.36% 4.45.5%
Q:28 Convert the given fractions into their respective
Q:18 Kriti spends 43.33% of her money on education percentage and find the sum of their magnitude.
and she has total Rs. 45,000. How many rupees she ! " $%
I. " II. # III. $&
spends on education?
1.262.5 2.210.5
1.Rs. 28,000 2.Rs. 18,000
3.200 4.135.5
3.Rs. 15,000 4.Rs. 19,500
Q:29 The population of Campania was 557000 in 2021.
Q:19 Amrita purchased 90 meters of cloth, out of which
Two years later the total number of persons is 696250 in
63.33% was used for making trousers. How much cloth
the city of Campania. Find how much percent population
was used by her for making trousers?
has increased in 2 years.
1.57 metres 2.60 metres
1.25% 2.22.5%
3.54 metres 4.51 metres
3.20% 4.18.88%
Q:20 Which of the following is the highest in value?
Q:30 In an examination, Neha got 220 marks and failed
1.16% of 420 2.17% of 415
by 12.5% while Anu scored 350 marks which is 3.75%
3.19% of 408 4.20% of 398
more than the pass mark. Calculate the full marks of the
examination.
Q:21 The length of the rectangle increases by 44%
1.800 2.900
whereas its breadth increases by 25%. What is the ratio
3.1000 4.1200
of the new area of the rectangle and the old area of the
rectangle?
1.6 : 5 2.7 : 5 Moderate Level
3.8 : 5 4.9 : 5
The level of questions is now increasing a bit. Try to
Q:22 If 66.66% of 133.33% of 37.5% of a number is 864. avoid actual lengthy calculation as much as you can to
Find the number. get the answer.
1.2259 2.2592
3.2760 4.2925 Time limit: Maximum 25 seconds per question.
Q:23 Convert the given fraction into percentage Q:1 In a panchayat election, Raghu received 28% of the
(approximate) and find the sum of the digits of both the votes and Baku received 14400 votes. 60% of the village
values. people didn’t cast their vote for any of the candidates.
I. 4/5 II. 1/5 Find the total number of votes that Raghu received.
1.15 2.14 1.33600 2.34400
3.18 4.10 3.21600 4.43200
Q:24 If 16% of a number ‘A’ is added to itself gives Q:2 The cost of a ship is 200% greater than the cost of a
43.5. What is the value of the number obtained by boat. If there is an increase in the cost of the boat by 30%
subtracting 12% of A from A? and that of ship by 50%, then find the total increase in the
1.31.9 2.33.0 cost of 5 ships and 10 boats.
3.34.1 4.35.2 1.47.14% 2.41.21%
3.51.19% 4.39.01%
Q:25 If x% of half of 84 is 7 times the y% of one-fourth
of 48, then x is what percentage more/less than y? Q:3 In a market, Raj bought a novel with a discount of
1.25% 2.50% 16.66%. The same novel is bought by Jatin with
3.75% 4.100% successive discounts of 25% and 33.33%. Find the
difference of discount price on the novel if the marked 1.25000 2.30000
price of the novel was Rs 240. 3.27500 4.22500
1.Rs 30 2.Rs 40
3.Rs 80 4.Rs 120 Q:12 The ratio of the male population to female
population in a state is 3 : 2 in 2020. If in 2021, male
Q:4 The total number of males and females in a city is population increased by 20% while female population is
30,000. If the number of males increases by 6% and decreased by 10%, then what is the percent increment in
females by 4% then total number of male and female the total population of the state in 2021 from 2020?
becomes 31500. Find the number of males in the town in 1.8% 2.12%
beginning. 3.6% 4.10%
1.15000 2.14000
3.16000 4.20000 Q:13 In 2020, the number of males in the city were 50%
more than the number of females in it. The male
Q:5 A person buys a washing machine with a present population of the city increases by 20% every year while
value of Rs 50,000. The value of washing machine the female population of the city decreases by 25% every
depreciate every year by 20%. Find the value of the year. Find that the population of the city in 2022 is how
machine after 2 years. (in Rs.) much percent less/more than the population of the city in
1.32000 2.28000 2020.
3.36000 4.40000 1.8.9% 2.7.2%
3.6.3% 4.None of these
Q:6 A batsman scored 100 runs which included
4 boundaries and 6 sixes. What percent of his total score Q:14 The percentage male population of a city is 56%.
did he make by running between the wickets? 20% of the total female in the city ages more than 60
1.40% 2.58% whereas 75% of the total male population in the city ages
3.48% 4.60% less than or equal to 60. What is the total percentage of
people age 60 or less?
$ 1.76.4 2.77.2
Q:7 If each edge of a cube is increased by (33 ' %), find
3.78.6 4.79.8
the percentage increase in its surface area.
1.75% 2.77.77%
Q:15 Rakesh gives 15% of his salary to his daughter. He
3.87% 4.81.33%
then gives 20% of the remaining salary to his son. Of the
remaining salary, he gives 37.5% to his wife and keeps
Q:8 In an examination, the passing marks are 47.5% of
rest of the salary. If the difference between the amounts
the maximum marks, a student Pulkit failed by 45 marks,
which his son and daughter got is Rs 15270, find the
and another student Tushar scored 232 marks and passed
money that Rakesh is left with himself.
the examination by 42 marks. What was the maximum
1.Rs 415244.5 2.Rs 321467.5
percentage of marks Pulkit got?
3.Rs 318765.5 4.Rs 324487.5
1.37.5% 2.36.25%
3.32.25% 4.35.5%
Q:16 The Sum of 25% percent of A and 20% of B is
Q:9 X initially spends 40% of her income. For the next
equal to 8% of the number C. Also, the sum of 15% of A
month, her income increases by 30% and she increases
and 30% of B is equal to 7.5% of C. Find the difference
her savings by 25%. What is the percentage increase in
between A and B. (Given C = 4000)
her expenditure?
1.195 2.210
1.25% 2.27.5%
3.225 4.200
3.35 4.37.5%
Q:17 If the length and breadth of a rectangle are
Q:10 For organizing a party, Aisha received some
increased by 12% and 13.33% respectively. What is the
amount of money from her father. She spent 42% of the
percentage change in the area of rectangle?
total money on food and beverages, 25% of the remaining
1.24.58% 2.15.68%
amount on decoration and 60% of the remaining amount
3.26.93% 4.27.23%
on miscellaneous items. If she is left with Rs. 5568, then
find the total amount received by Aisha.
Q:18 A company allowed 10% commission on the total
1.Rs. 32000 2.Rs. 42000
sales to his salesman and a bonus of 2% on the sales over
3.Rs. 27000 4.Rs. 30000
12,000. If the salesman deposited 22,240 in the company
after deducting his earning on the total sales. Find the
Q:11 In a village, 55% of the population is male. Out of
total sales made by the salesman.
this 60% are children. Of the females, 33.33% are female
1.30,000 2.35,000
children. If the difference between male children and
3.25,000 4.40,000
female children in the village is 5400 then, find the total
population of the village.
Q:4 A takes 2 hours more than B to cover 40 km. If A
Q:28 A is twice as fast as B and B is thrice as fast as C is. !
doubles his speed, he takes 1 " hour more than B to cover
C covered the distance in 60 minutes, then the
80 km. To cover 120 km, how much time (in hours) will
distance will be covered by B in:
B take, travelling at the same speed?
1.24 min 2.15 min " !
3.10 min 4. 20 min 1.1 # 2.1 $
! !
3.1 # 4.1 "
Q:29 A and B walk around a circular track. They start at
10 a.m. from the same point in opposite directions. A and !
B walk at a speed of 2 rounds per hour and 3 rounds per Q:5 Amrita travels from her house at 3" km/h and reaches
!
hour respectively. How many times shall they cross each her school 6 minutes late. The next day she travels at 4"
other before 12.30 p.m.? km/h and reaches her school 10 minutes early. What is
1.5 2.6 the distance between her house and the school?
3.7 4.12 1.5.6 km 2.4.8 km
3.5.4 km 4.4.2 km
Q:30 A walks at 5 kmph and after 4 hours after his start, 5.3.5 km
B cycles after him at 10 kmph. How far from the start
does B catch up with A? Q:6 A and B start moving from places X and Y and Y to
1.25 km 2.40 km X, respectively, at the same time on the same day. After
3.30 km 4.50 km $
crossing each other, A and B takes 5 % hours and 9 hours,
respectively, to reach their respective destinations. If the
Hard Level speed of A is 33 km/h, then the speed (in km/h) of B is:
1.22 2.2
" !
These 30 questions are based on core concepts of the 3.25 # 4.24 #
chapter with lengthy but avoidable calculations if you
read the question thoroughly. It will actually test your Q:7 A and B start moving towards each other from places
concept understanding skills. Try to solve as much as you X and Y, respectively, at the same time on the same day.
can in the given time limit. The speed of A is 20% more than of B. After meeting on
!
the way, A and B take p hours and 7 & hours, respectively,
Time limit: 30 to 35 seconds per question.
to reach Y and X, respectively. What is the value of P?
Q:1 A person travels 300 km and then returns to the 1.4.5 2.5
starting points. The time taken by hm for the outwards 3.5.5 4.6
journey is 5 hours more than the time taken for the return
journey. If he returns at a speed of 10 km/h more than the Q:8 Rohit picks Anshika every day from her office at
speed of going, what is the average speed (in km/h) for 4:30 p.m. One day office work got completed early and
the entire journey ? she left her office at 3:00 p.m. and started towards her
1.24 2.30 home at the rate of 20 km/hr. On the way, she met Rohit.
3.20 4.15 Now, they reach their home 40 min earlier than other
days. Find the speed of Rohit?
Q:2 Places A and B are 45 km apart from each other a car 1.62 km/hr 2.70 km/hr
starts from place A and another car start from place B 3.69 km/hr 4.74 km/hr
move at the same time. If they move in the same
direction, they meet in 4 and half hour and if they move Q:9 Rohit and Anshika start walking from the office
towards each other, they meet in 27 minutes. What is the towards home with the speed of 8 km/hr and 6 km/hr
speed (in km) of the car which move faster? respectively. The distance between their office and home
1.56 2.55 is 24 km. Rohit reaches home and then returned to the
3.45 4.50 office. On his way back, he met Anshika in front of a
restaurant. Find the distance between their office and
Q:3 The distance between two places A and B is 140 km. restaurant.
Two cars x and y start simultaneously from A and B 1.18 km 2.20 km
respectively. If they move in the same direction, they 3.12 km 4.15 km
meet after 7 hours. If they move towards each other, they
meet after one hour. What is the speed (in km/h) of car y Q:10 The average speed of a Truck decreases to 40 km/hr
if its speed is more than that of car x? from 60 km/hr when it takes some stops at some stations.
1.60 2.100 Find the duration of an average stop taken by the Truck
3.80 4.90 in the journey of 240 km.
1.30 min 2.20 min
3.10 min 4.15 min
1.15 2.7 These questions are only concept based. They have
3.16 4.31 calculation part but that can be easily avoided if you
brainstrom enough on th questions and their options.
Q:49 If a number 955x138y is completely divisible by 88
then what is the maximum value of x + y? Tip: Don’t try to SOLVE every question to get the
1.4 2.9 answer. Just find the right concept and apply it there.
3.13 4.2
Q:1 From the following number which is the perfect
Q:50 Which of the following sets of numbers are relative cube number:
primes? (i) 46656, (ii) 20172 and (iii) 13824
(a) 57,61 (b) 396,455 (c) 693,132 1.Only (i) 2.(i) & (ii) Both
(d) 6561,1024 (e) 384,352 3.(i) & (iii) Both 4.(i) (ii) & (iii)
1.(c), (e) 2.(a), (b) and (d)
3.(a), (c), (d) 4.(b), (e) Q:2 Find the remainder for [(40 × 37 × 45 × 81 × 17)/11].
1.1 2.0
3.2 4.9
Calculative Only
Q:3 When 2388, 4309 and 8151 are divided by a certain
These questions are totally calculation based. You can 3-digit number, the remainder in each case is the same.
get the answer without doing much brainstorming by just The remainder is:
stick to the calculation part. 1.39 2.23
3.19 4.15
Tip: Wherever possible, try to implement each of the
concepts we discussed in this chapter. Q:4 If the product of 7 consecutive prime numbers is
570570. Find the 4th smallest number.
Q:1 Find the L.C.M. of 32/2.4, 63/8.1, 30/3.6, and 1.7 2.11
84/14.4. 3.13 4.5
1.140/3 2.280/3
3.700/3 4.1400/3 Q:5 What is the digit in the unit place of 20182018 +
20192019 + 20202020?
Q:2 Find the following number which is/are divisible by 1.1 2.2
7: 3.3 4.4
952, 2563, 8386, 15077, 242615, 2552525 and 2900429
1.952, 8386, and 2900429 Tricky Questions
2.2563, 8386, and 2900429
3.952, 2563 and 2900429 These are tricky questions. These questions will look
4.952, 2563 and 8386 very hard at one instance but when you’ll find the actual
concept applied there, you will solve them immediately.
Q:3 If N = 0.369369369369.... and M =
0.531531531531....., then what is the value of (1/N) + Tip: Eliminating the options is the best approach to do
(1/M)? these questions.
1.11100/2419 2.111/100
3.1897/3162 4.2419/11100 Q:1 There are three natural numbers a, b and c such that
LCMs of (a, b), (b, c) and (a, c) are 28, 84 and 12
Q:4 If six-digit numbers 6574x2 and 4y8644 are respectively. Also, the HCFs of (a, b), (b, c) and (a, c) are
divisible by 8 and 3 respectively then, find the value of 1, 1 and 4, then what is the value of abc?
(x6 - y4)/(y7 + x2). 1.336 2.1008
1.35 2.20.5 3.84 4.1344
3.50.2 4.45.5
Q:2 P and Q are two cubic polynomials such that their
Q:5 The L.C.M and H.C.F of two numbers are 45872 and HCF and LCM are (a + 1) (a + 2) and (a + 1)2 (a + 2)2.
65872 respectively. If one of the numbers is 2867 then, What is the sum of the polynomials?
find 64% of another number. 1.2a3 + 9a2 + 13a + 6 2.2a3 + 13a2 + 9a + 6
1.4888256.28 2.7330984.28 3 2
3.2a + 9a + 6a + 13 4.2a3 + 13a2 + 6a + 9
3.4890337.28 4.4903337.82
Q:3 Find the H.C.F. of the polynomials P and Q.
Conceptual Only P: 2x2 + 262x + 768
Q: 3x3 + 18x2 + 15x – 36
1.(x – 1) 2.(x – 3)
3.(x + 1) 4.(x + 3)
Some Innovative Questions 1.24 2.58
3.45 4.32
As we reached to this stage when we’re pretty familiar
with the topic and its varieties, let’s try to solve some Q:5 Directions: Given below are three statements based
innovative questions. These kind of questions have not on one condition. Solve all the statements and choose
asked yet in the exam, but as the pattern of every exam is how many given statements is/are correct.
evolving, we should be prepared for all type of questions. The cost of 3 kg of Apple is Rs.120, and the cost of 5 kg
These questions will also prepare you to think beyond the of Apple is equal to the 10 kg of Mango. The cost of 20
traditional questions and their solving pattern. kg of Mango is equal to 8 kg of litchi and the cost of 3 kg
of litchi is equal to 2 kg of Kiwi.
Tip: Try to eliminate options to avoid all lengthy (I) The price of 4 kg of Kiwi is Rs. 360
calculation. (II) If the shopkeeper sells 5 kg of Litchi 30% above its
C.P. then, the profit will be Rs.75
Q:1 Raman and Raghav are two friends who challenge (III) If the price of all fruits is increased by 10% by the
each other to bargain and get the maximum discount for seller, then, the difference between the sum of the old
a pair of sneakers from their nearby shoe dealer. Raman C.P. of all fruits and the new C.P. of the fruits is Rs.17.50.
got a direct discount of 35%, while Raghav negotiated for 1.Only Statement (I) is correct
an hour and came up with two successive discounts of 20 2.Only Statement (II) is correct
and 19 percent. However, the dealer had only that 1 pair 3.Only Statement (I) and (II) are correct
so both decided to pay up to 10% extra of the discount 4.Only Statement (III) is correct
they got. But in the end, Raghav who wanted the sneakers 5.Only Statement (II) and (III) are correct
eagerly, agreed on a deal to pay Rs. 100 more than the
price Raman would have paid. If the marked price of the
Questions to be Skipped
sneakers was Rs. 14000, find the money that Raghav paid
more than his decided amount.
1.Rs.250 2.Rs.125.2 Not all the questions meant to be solved in time. We
3.Rs.133 4.Rs.108.6 should know what question can be skipped in the exam
so that we can maximise our efficiency. Here, are some
Q:2 Directions: Given below are three statements based questions that can be skipped in the first attempt.
on one condition. Solve all the statements and choose
which of the following statements is/are correct. Tip: Try to understand the core of the problem, if it is an
The price of the camera originally was Rs. 145000, but easy question with too many lengthy calculations, skip it
due to the Diwali sale it's on sale for 25% off. in first attempt and try it again after solving other
I. Amount paid after the discount is Rs. 108750. questions.
II. The amount saved by the customer is Rs. 36200
III. If another shopkeeper gives two successive discounts Q:1 A shopkeeper makes a profit of (x + 8.5)% by selling
of 15% and 10% on the camera then, the amount paid by an article to a person. If the person sold the same item at
the customer will be Rs. 2175 more than the 25% 14.5% profit and the profit earned by the shopkeeper is
discount. Rs. 23 more than the profit of the person. Then find the x
1.Only Statement (III) is correct is what percentage of the selling price of the article by the
2.Only Statement (II) is correct shopkeeper.
3.Both statements (III) and (II) are correct 1.61.76% 2.50.86%
4.Both statements (I) and (II) are correct 3.56.16% 4.59.26%
Q:3 One part of a Mess's monthly expenses is fixed, and Q:2 A man bought an old bike for Rs 48570 and spent
the other part is proportional to the number of Students. 30.25% of the purchase price on repairing it and spent
The Mess collects 2800 per month from each Student. some amount on its insurance. The amount of insurance
When the number of students is 75, the profit of the Mess was (x + 6.5)% of the amount of the bike and 12% more
is 180 per student, and when the number of students is than the repair cost. Then find the x% of insurance is
120, the profit of the Mess is 240 per student. If the what percent of the bike repair amount.
number of students is 140, then find the total profit of the 1.35.25% 2.25.50%
Mess. 3.30.95% 4.36.75%
1.45450.20 2.35600.6
3.38900.62 4.44250.25 Q:3 Ram sells an article to Shyam at a 28% profit, Shyam
sells it to Sohan at a 32% profit and Sohan sells the same
Q:4 A Shopkeeper buys 30 T-shirts for Rs 200 each. He article to Sunil at a 19.25% loss. Sohan purchased the
sells k of them at a profit of k% and the remaining at a article for Rs 92083.20. If Sunil purchased the same item
profit of (100 – k)%. What was the number of shirts that from Ram, he would have spent 6.5% less than what he
the shopkeeper should sell to get the minimum profit the spent with Shyam. What benefit would Ram have then?
shopkeeper could have made selling them? 1.25873.97 2.15023.97
3.19843.97 4.25143.97 32F
Discount% = 322F × 100 = 10%
Q:4 A dealer bought some Fruits for ₹18875. He sold

48% of these at a loss of 25% and 34% of the remaining Q:6 (3) Let the cost price of the article be 'x'
002
Fruits at 23% profit. Then find the selling price of the ⇒ Selling price = × x = 1.1x
022
remaining toys to earn an overall profit of 28%. The marked price of the article = 200
1.15169.767 2.16169.767 GG
Selling price = 200 × 022 = 176
3.13169.767 4.14169.767
⇒ Cost price of the article = 1.1x = 176
Q:5 A shopkeeper sold two items. The selling price of ⇒ x = 160
the first article is equal to the cost price of the second
article. He sold the first article at a profit of 35% and the Q:7 (3) Let the successive discounts be 'a' and 'b'
second article at a loss of 38%. With this money, he respectively.
HI
bought a third article whose price was 18% less than the ⇒ Total discount = a + b - 022
selling price of both the articles and he sold this third ⇒ 10 + 15 –
(02 × 01)
= 25 - 1.5 = 23.5%
article at 44% profit. Then find his total profit percentage 022
in all three transactions.
1.35% 2.24.04% Q:8 (3) According to question,
3.10.25% 4.16.05% Marked price of a silk saree is Rs. 5750
Total value of discount given
= 5750 – 5750 × 0.96 × 0.7 = 5750 – 3864 = Rs. 1886
Answers and Solutions
Q:9 (2) The cost price of 5 bananas = Rs 4
3
Cost of 1 banana = 1 = Rs 0.8
Easy Level Cost of 42 bananas = 42 × 0.8 = Rs 33.6
Selling price of 42 bananas = 3 × 13 + 5.8 = Rs 44.8
!"##$%& ()$*" + ,-./ ()$*"
Q:1 (3) Profit% = × 100 Profit = 44.8 - 33.6 = 11.2
,-./ ()$*" 00.7
01 34 – ,-./ ()$*" Profit percent = 66.4 × 100 = 33.33%
⇒ 022 =
,-./ ()$*"
6 34 – ,-./ ()$*"
⇒ 72 = Q:10 (2) S.P. after 25% discount = 26 × 022
(022 – 71)
,-./ ()$*"
⇒ Cost price = Rs. 40 = Rs 19.5
022 022
C.P. = S.P. × (022 – #-..%) = 19.5 × (022 – 7.1) = Rs 20
Q:2 (4) Cost price = Rs 30
(022 N 72)
Selling price = Rs 33.33 S.P. for 20% profit = 20 × = Rs.24
89::;<= >?;@9 – ABCD >?;@9 022
Profit percentage = × 100
@BCD
⇒
66.66 + 62
× 100 =
6.66
× 100 = 11.1% Q:11 (1) S.P.= Rs.4500 and Loss% = 25%
62 62 So, 75% = 4500
By the unitary method,
Q:3 (4) Let the cost of the bag be Rs 100 and the 3122 × 022
marked price be Rs x. ⇒ O1
= Rs.6000
So, selling price would be 0.8x Hence, C.P. of an article = Rs.6000
According to the question,
(022 N P)
⇒ 0.8x = 125 Q:12 (3) Marked price = cost price × (022 + Q)
⇒ x = 156.25
Now, according to the question-
Thus, it is marked up by 56.25%. (022 N 02)
M.P. = 4500 × (022
+ 72)
Q:4 (1) Marked Price = Discount + Selling price M.P. = 4500 ×
002
= Rs.6187.5
Discount% = 14% G2
Marked price = Rs. 420
03 Q:13 (2) Let the marked price of the item be 100x
Difference = Discount = 14% of 420 = 022 × 420 Then selling price of item = 100x - 12% of 100x
= Rs. 58.8 = 88x = 418
30G
Thus marked price of the item = 2.GG = Rs. 475
Q:5 (1) Let the cost price is 300x
After marking up the price by 33.33%, Let cost price of the item be 100y then
3 ⇒ 120y = 418
⇒ 300x × 6 = 400x ⇒ y = 3.4833
The profit is 20% ⇒ 100y = Rs. 348.33
Selling price = 1.2 × 300x = 360x 3O1
10% of marked price = 02 = 47.5
Discount = 400x - 360x = 40x
Required selling price = 348.33 + 47.5 = Rs. 395.83 or 712
Loss% = 0O12 × 100 = 14.28%
Rs. 396 (approx.)
Q:21 (3) Marked price = 21% above cost price
Q:14 (3) Let CP of 1 orange be 4 rupees and SP of 1 (022 N =U;<%)
orange be 5 rupees. S.P. = C.P. × [ 022
]
52 SP = 65 CP S.P. = [M.P. - (M.P. × discount%)]
⇒ 4 SP = 5 CP Let the C.P. of the article be Rs. 100
,R 3 (022 N T)
⇒ !R = 1 So, S.P. of the article = 100 × [ 022 ] = Rs. 109
⇒ Profit = 5 - 4 = 1 M.P. of the article = [100 × (100 × 21%)]
R)-S$/ 0 70
Profit percentage = ,R × 100 = 3 × 100 = 25% ⇒ [100 × 100 × ] = Rs. 121
022
070F
⇒ S.P. = 121 - 022 = 109
Q:15 (4) Selling price of the machine = Rs. 23000
⇒ 121 - 1.21x = 109
As John sold it a discount of 8%, labelled price of the
76222 ⇒ 1.21x = 121 - 109
machine = 2.T7 = Rs. 25000 ⇒ 1.21x = 12
Further he earned a profit of 25% on the selling price, ⇒ x = 9.91%
76222
thus cost price of the machine = 0.71 = Rs. 18400
Profit percentage if the machine was sold without any Q:22 (3) If there are successive discounts of a% and b%
discount on labelled price on the cost price, then the
(71222 + 0G322) Selling Price = Cost Price × (1 - a) × (1 - b)
= × 100 = 35.86% Calculating, selling price using the concept of successive
0G322
discounts on the Cost Price
Q:16 (1) D1 = 30% Given, Cost Price = Rs. 1800
71 × 02
D2 = 25 + 10 - 022 = 32.5% Selling Price = 1800 × (1 - 20%) × (1 - 30%) = 1800 × (1
Difference between D1 and D2 = 32.5 – 30 = 2.5% - 0.2) × (1 - 0.3) = 1800 × 0.8 × 0.7 = 18 × 8 × 7
Hence, Difference between the amount of two discounts = Rs. 1008
7.1
= 2.5% of 1750 = 1750 × 022 = Rs.43.75 Q:23 (1) Let, 1 litre = Rs.1
S.P. = Rs.70 and C.P. = Rs.50
Q:17 (4) Let the cost price of the article = Rs. 100x [profit equals the selling price of 20-liter oil]
Then, according to the question, Hence, profit = (70 - 50) = Rs.20
(100x × 1.18) – (100x × 0.92) = 195 72 × 022
Profit% = 12 = 40%
Or, 118x – 92x = 195
Or, 26x = 195
0T1 Q:24 (2) According to the question,
So, x = 74 = 7.5 Marked price of the article = 115 × 1.4 = Rs. 161
So, cost price of the article = 7.5 × 100 = Rs. 750 Selling price of article = (161 – 21) × 0.95 = Rs. 133
T01 + O12
Earned = O12 × 100 = 22% So, profit earned on selling the article = 133 – 115 = Rs.
18
Q:18 (1) According to question,
Selling price of the silk shirt = 1100 × 1.23 – 93 Q:25 (1) 17.5% = 7/40
= Rs. 1260 According to question,
O
Selling price of the cotton shirt = 900 + 900 ×
12 ⇒ (x - 500) × (1 – 32) = 660
622 66
= Rs. 1050 ⇒ (x - 500) × = 660
32
Therefore, required ratio = 1260 : 1050 = 6 : 5 ⇒ x - 500 = 800
⇒ x = 1300
Q:19 (4) If the loss is 25% then, S.P. = 75% of the cost ∴ Cost price of the product = Rs. 1300
price
Hence, 75% of CP = 1600 Q:26 (4) Discount on wallet = Rs. (1000 - 890) = Rs. 110
To earn a profit of 7% equation will be Let the discount % on the wallet be x
⇒ SP = 107% of CP ⇒ x% of 1000 = 110
0422 × 02O% 4G3G F × 0222
⇒ SP = O1
= 6 = 2282.66 ⇒ 022 = 110
So, the article must be sold for Rs.2282.66. ⇒ x = 11%
Now, the Discount on the watch = Rs. (1500 - 1250) =
Q:20 (4) C.P. of table = Rs.1750 Rs. 250
S.P. of table = Rs.1500 Let the discount % on the watch be y
Loss = S.P. < C.P. ⇒ y% of 1500 = 250
Loss = (1750 - 1500) = 250 V × 0122
⇒ 022 = 250
⇒ y = 16.66% ⇒ Market Price = 100(8) = Rs. 800
(00 N 04.44)
Hence, average percentage = = 13.83%
7 Q:2 (1) C.P. of bicycle = Rs.13600
Money spends on repairing = Rs.1500
Q:27 (4) Let Marked price be x
Hence, the total amount spent by Prince on the bicycle =
⇒ (100 - 8)% of x = 2944 (13600 + 1500) = 15100
7T33 × 022
⇒x= = Rs 3200 But, Prince sells his bicycle at the price of Rs.14000
T7
Selling price = Rs 2800 which is less than the total money spent by him
Discount rate = 20% Hence, the loss percentage will be
022
(100 - 20)% of Marked price = 2800 ⇒ (15100 - 14000) × 01022
Marked price = 3500 022
Increase in marked price = 3500 - 3200 = Rs 300 ⇒ 1100 × = 7.28%
01022
Hence,
622 0222 + G22
Percentage increase = × 100 = 9.375% Q:3 (4) Loss% = G22 × 100
6722
= 200/800 × 100 = 25%
Q:28 (2) The marked price of the article is x Loss = 25% of 40 = Rs. 10
Selling price = Rs. 630 and, Loss because he forgot to take the change = 50 – 40
Discount = 10% = Rs. 10
We can directly put these values in the formulae ⇒ Required loss = (10 + 10) = Rs. 20
(8.P. × 022)
⇒ M.P. = (022 + Q)
Q:4 (2) According to question,
(462 × 022) 462 × 022
⇒ M.P. = (022 + 02)
= T2
= Rs.700 Selling price proposed by ‘A’ = 8500 × 0.78 – 130
= Rs. 6630 – 130 = Rs. 6500
Q:29 (3) Discount = 25% Selling price proposed by ‘B’ = (8500 – 300) × 0.75
0633 × O1 = Rs. 6150
Price of trolley bag = 022 = Rs. 1008
So, difference in selling prices proposed = 6500 – 6150
Again, discount = (1008 - 258) = Rs. 750 = Rs. 350
Let, the additional discount be x
⇒ x% of 1008 = 750 Q:5 (2) Marked price = Rs.2000
F × 022G
⇒ 022 = 750 Selling price for female loyal customers = 2000 × 0.9 ×
022 O1222 0.9 = Rs.1620
⇒ x = 750 × 022G = 022G = 74.40%
Selling price for male loyal customers = 2000 × 0.9 ×
Hence, the additional discount must be offered to the 0.9 × 0.9 = Rs.1458
customer is 74.40%. Difference = 1620 - 1458 = Rs.162
Q:30 (3) Let the M.P. of inverter = Rs. x Q:6 (2) Let the cost price be 100,
C.P. in which Akash bought the inverter ⇒ After 20% markup, price = 100 × 1.2 = 120
31T2 × 022
⇒ 072 = Rs. 3825 ⇒ After 10% discount, price = 120 × 0.9 = 108
022 + W;C@BX<D% Hence 8% profit on the sold amount.
Then, Marked price × = Cost price
022 Also he sells 800g product at the price of 1000g
GG 722
⇒x× = 3825 Profit = G22 × 100 = 25%
022
6G71 × 022
⇒x= GG
= 4346.59 Net profit = 25 + 8 +
71 × G
= 35%
022
Discount = 4346.59 - 3825 = Rs. 521.59
Q:7 (3) Discount : mark-up = 1 : 3
Profit : Discount = 7 : 5
Moderate Level
⇒ Discount = 5x, Profit = 7x, Mark-up = 15x
⇒ Discount and mark up when added as cumulative
Q:1 (4) Let the marked price be 100x discount they result in profit percentage.
First scenario, (01F)(1F)
72 × 02 ⇒ 15x – 5x – 022 = 7x
⇒ 20 + 10 - 022 = 28% discount
O7 ⇒ 10x - 0.75x2 = 7x
Selling price = 100x × 022 = 72x ⇒ 3x2 = 12x
Second scenario, ⇒x=4
01 × 01
⇒ 15 + 15 – 022 = 27.75 ⇒ Discount = 20%, Profit = 28%, Mark-up = 60%
O7.71 Selling price = 5500 × 1.28 = Rs. 7040
Selling price = 100x × = 72.25x
022
⇒ 72.25x - 72x = 2 022
Q:8 (3) Cost price = M.R.P × 022 N R)-S$/%
F
⇒ =2 022
3 ⇒ 33 × 022 N 12 = Rs. 22
⇒x=8
Q:7 In the month of March, Dalip earned on an average
Previous Year Questions
Rs 501 per day. For the first 18 days, his average earning
was Rs 495 and, for the last 15 days, his average earning
Questions asked in SSC CGL Tier 1 Exam was Rs 505. On 18th March, he earned Rs 50 more than
that earned on 17th March. How much (in Rs) did he earn
These are the questions asked in SSC CGL Tier 1 Exam on 18th March? [SSC CGL 2022]
in past few years. Try to solve all these question by the 1.502 2.498
tips and tricks you’ve learned in this chapter. It will help 3.501 4.500
you to connect the concepts we’ve learned, and the
questions asked in exam. Q:8 While preparing the results of English of a class, the
marks of one student got recorded as 95 in place of 57, as
Q:1 The average of 36 numbers was found to be 45. a result of which there was an increase in the average
Later, it was detected that 84 was misread as 48. Find the score by 0.95. How many students were here in the class?
correct average of the given numbers. [SSC CGL 2023] [SSC CGL 2022]
1.58 2.48 1.37 2.45
3.46 4.56 3.57 4.40
Q:2 20 students of a college went to a hotel. 19 of them Q:9 The average of 46 numbers is 50.5. The average of
spent ₹175 each on their meal and the 20th student spent the first 25 numbers is 45 and that of the last 18 numbers
₹19 more than the average of all the 20. Find the total is 56. The 28th number is 67. If the 26th and 27th numbers
money spent by them. [SSC CGL 2023] are excluded, then what is the average of the remaining
1.Rs. 3490 2.Rs. 3540 numbers? [SSC CGL 2022]
3.Rs. 3520 4.Rs. 3500 1.51.5 2.50.4
3.50 4.51
Q:3 According to Raghav, his weight is more than 64 kg
but less than 74 kg. His sister does not agree with Raghav Q:10 The average of eleven consecutive positive integers
and she thinks that his weight is more than 60 kg but less is d. If the last two numbers are excluded, by how much
than 69 kg. His mother's view is that his weight cannot will the average increase or decrease? [SSC CGL 2022]
be more than 68 kg. His father's view is that his weight 1.will increase by 1 2.will increase by 2
cannot be more than 67 kg. If all are them are correct in 3.will decrease by 1 4.will decrease by 2
their estimation, then what is the average of different
probable weights of Raghav measured (in kg)? Q:11 The average of eight consecutive odd numbers is
[SSC CGL 2023] 28. The sum of the smallest and the largest number is:
1.66 2.97 [SSC CGL 2022]
3.68 4.65 1.45 2.52
3.48 4.56
Q:4 The average marks of 60 students in a class are 62.
The average marks of boys and girls in that subject are Q:12 The average of sixteen numbers is 48. The average
60 and 65, respectively. The number of boys in the class of the first six of these numbers is 45 and that of the last
is: [SSC CGL 2022] seven numbers is 53. The seventh and the eighth numbers
1.36 2.25 are, respectively, 3 and 7 greater than the ninth number.
3.41 4.31 What is the average of the ninth and seventh numbers?
[SSC CGL 2022]
Q:5 The average weight of 49 students in a class is 39 kg. 1.41.5 2.40.5
Seven of them whose average weight is 40 kg leave the 3.42 4.39
class and other seven students whose average weight is
54 kg join the class. What is the new average weight (in Q:13 On the three numbers, second is one-third of first
kg) of the class? [SSC CGL 2022] and is also three-fourth of the third number. If the average
1.41 2.39 of three number is 112, then what is the smallest number?
3.42 4.40 [SSC CGL 2022]
1.84 2.45
Q:6 The average of the marks of 25 students in a class, 3.63 4.189
in an examination, was calculated to be 19. Later, the
teacher realized that the marks of two students were taken Q:14 What is the average of all the prime numbers
as 18 and 19 respectively, instead of 14 and 15. Find the between 70 and 90? [SSC CGL 2022]
new actual average marks of the class. [SSC CGL 2022] 1.80 2.78.66
1.17.43 2.16.56 3.79 4.81.6
3.18.68 4.17.65
Q:15 The average of 52, 71, 43, 22, a and b is 55 and the Q:2 A grocer has a sale of ₹8,435, ₹8,927, ₹8,855, ₹9,230
average of 42, 45, 49, 51, 42, c and d is 53. What is the and ₹8,562 in 5 consecutive weeks. How much sale must
average of a, b, c and d? [SSC CGL 2022] he have in the 6th week so that he gets an average sale of
1.142 2.54.7 ₹8,500? [SSC CHSL 2022]
3.54 4.71 1.₹7009 2.₹6997
3.₹6991 4.₹7011
Q:16 The average weight of P and his three friends is
55kg. If P has 4 kg more weight than the average weight Q:3 15 boys and a certain number of girls appeared for a
of his three friends, what is P's weight (in kg)? test. The average score of the boys was 26; the average
[SSC CGL 2022] score of the girls was 36, while the combined average
1.60 2.54 score was 30. How many girls appeared for the test?
3.58 4.62 [SSC CHSL 2022]
1.10 2.8
Q:17 The average weight of students in sections A and B 3.12 4.9
having 40 students each is 45.5kg and 44.2 kg
respectively. Two students of section A having an Q:4 The average marks of a student in six subjects was
average weight of 48.75 kg were shifted to section B and initially 110. After re-evaluation, in one subject the
2 students of section B were shifted to section A, making marks obtained was reduced from 148 to 112, while in
the average weight of both the section equal. What is the the rest of the subjects the marks remained unchanged.
average weight (in kg ) of students who were shifted What is the new average marks? [SSC MTS 2022]
from section B to section A? [SSC CGL 2020] 1.108 2.104
1.35.75 2.34.25 3.106 4.102
3.34.5 4.35
Q:5 The average age of 5 children is 10 years. If two
Q:18 The average height of some students in a group is more children of ages 11 years and 16 years join, then
156 cm. If 5 students of average height 160 cm join the what will be the new average age? [SSC MTS 2022]
group, then the average height of all the students in the 1.11 years 2.10 years
group increases by 0.8 cm. What is the number of 3.13 years 4.12 years
students in the group, initially? [SSC CGL 2020]
1.10 2.15 Q:6 What will be the average of all the prime numbers
3.20 4.25 between 9 and 22? [SSC MTS 2022]
1.14 2.15
Q:19 The average of x occurring 5 times and y occurring 3.10 4.12
7 times is 37. Also, the average of x occurring 7 times
and y occurring 5 times is 35. The value of y is: Q:7 The average cost of 10 items is Rs.89. If one item
[SSC CGL 2020] costs Rs.35, then find the average cost of remaining 9
1.45 2.42 items (in Rs.). [SSC GD Constable 2022]
3.30 4.27 1.90 2.95
3.85 4.80
Q:20 The average of 28 numbers is 77. The average of
first 14 numbers is 74 and the average of last 15 numbers Q:8 A farmer has 10 Parrots and 40 horses. Find the
is 84. If the 14th number is excluded, then what is the average number of legs per animal.
average of remaining numbers? (correct to one decimal [SSC GD Constable 2022]
places) [SSC CGL 2020] 1.3.2 2.3.4
1.76.9 2.77 3.3.6 4.3.8
3.73.1 4.74.7
Q:9 A batsman makes a score of 97 runs in 15th innings
and thus increases his average by 5. Find his average after
Questions asked in different exams the 15th innings. [SSC GD Constable 2022]
1.15 2.82
Apart from SSC CGL Exam, we should be aware of the 3.27 4.92
questions asked in other exams as well. It will help you
to understand the variety as well as difficulty level of Q:10 The weight of a person was entered incorrectly as
other exams, so that if a question of some different 83 kg instead of 63 kg. As a result, the average weight of
pattern will in exam, you will be aware of it. a group of people increased by 500 gm. What is the total
number of people in the group? [SSC CPO 2022]
Q:1 Find the average of the following data : 1, 2, 3, 5, 1.44 2.48
17, 21 and 28. [SSC CHSL 2022] 3.40 4.50
1.13 2.11
3.9 4.12
Q:11 The average age of 10 students and their class So the spent of 19 students = 175 × 19 = Rs. 3325
teacher is 17 years. If the age of the class teacher is 20th student spent = x + 19
excluded, the average age of the 10 students is reduced According to the question.
by 2 years. What is the age of the class teacher? ⇒ 20x = 3325 + x + 19 ⇒ 19x = 3344 ⇒ x = 176
[SSC CPO 2022] Hence, the total spent = 176 × 20 = Rs. 3520
1.38 years 2.36 years
3.37 years 4.35 years Q:3 (3) Given that,
According to Raghav, 64 kg < his weight (R) < 74kg
Q:12 The average age of 25 girls in a class is 11.2 years According to his sister, 60kg < R < 69 kg
and that of the remaining 15 girls is 10 years. Find the According to his mother, R is not more than 68 kg
average age of all the girls in the class. [SSC CPO 2022] According to his father, R is not more than 67 kg
1.10.75 years 2.11.35 years If all of them are correct in their estimation
3.10.45 years 4.11.05 years His weight R will be 66 kg
Q:13 A team played total 8 matches in a hockey Q:4 (1) Let the number of boys be x and girls be y.
tournament where it scored average of 3 goals in first 3 According to the question;
matches and average of 6 goals in last four matches. If in ⇒ (x + y) × 62 = 60x + 65y
the tournament, average goals scored by the team in a % $
⇒ 62x + 62y = 60x + 65y ⇒ & = '
match is 5, then what is the number of goals scored by
the team in 4th match? [SBI Clerk 2022] Let the ratio be 3n and 2n
1.7 2.4 ⇒ Total number of boys and girls = 60
3.5 4.8 ⇒ 3n + 2n = 60 ⇒ 5n = 60 ⇒ n = 12
5.6 Total number of boys = 3 × 12 = 36
Q:14 The average number of apples bought by 41 Q:5 (1) Average weight of 49 students = 39 Kg.
students in a class is 11. If one of the students in the class Average weight of 7 students leaving = 40 Kg.
buys ten apples more than the average, what will be the Average weight of 7 new students = 54 Kg.
average number of apples from the remaining students in Total weight = Average weight × Number of students
the class? [IBPS Clerk 2022] Total weight of class before students left = 49 × 39 =
1.10 2.10.25 1911 Kg.
3.10.5 4.10.75 Total weight of 7 students leaving = 7 × 40 = 280 Kg.
5.11 Total weight of 7 new students = 7 × 54 = 378 Kg
Now, the total weight of class after replacement = 1911
Q:15 The average age of a class was 15 years. When 5 - 280 + 378 = 2009
'(()
boys whose average age was 12 years 6 months were Now, average weight of class after replacement = *) =
admitted in the class, the average age of the class was 41.
reduced by 6 months. How many students were there in Hence the average weight of class after replacement is
the class initially? [RRB OA 2022] 41 Kg.
1.18 2.15
3.16 4.20 Q:6 (3) The average of the marks of 25 students in a
5.22 class, in an examination, was calculated to 19.
The wrong marks are 18 and 19
The correct marks are 14 and 15
Answers and Solutions Total marks of 25 students with wrong numbers = 25 ×
19 = 475
Correct total = 475 × (18 +19) + 14 + 15 = 475 - 37 + 29
Questions asked in SSC CGL Tier 1 Exam = 467
*"+
So, new average = = 18.68
'#
Q:1 (3) Given that So, The new actual average mark of the class is 18.68.
The average of 36 numbers = 45
The sum of 36 numbers = 45 × 36 = 1620 Q:7 (1) Average earning of Dalip in March = Rs 501 per
Later, it was detected that 84 was misread as 48 day
According to the question Average earning of Dalip for first 18 days = Rs 495 per
The correct sum of 36 numbers = 1620 - 48 + 84 = 1656 day
!"#"
Hence, the required average = $" = 46 Average earning of Dalip for last 15 days = Rs 505 per
day
Q:2 (3) Let the average spent of 20 students be x Dalip earned on average Rs. 501 per day.
The sum of spent of 20 students = 20x His average earning was Rs. 495 and, for the last 15 days,
19 students spent each Rs. 175 his average earning was Rs. 505.
Total earnings in the month of March = 501 × 31 = 15531
Total earning of 1st 18 days = 495 × 18 = 8910 Eighth number = x + 7
Total earning of last 15 days = 505 × 15 = 7575 Sum of the 16 numbers = 16 × 48 = 768
Earning of 17th and 18 March = (8910 + 7575) - 15531 Sum of the first 6 numbers = 6 × 45 = 270
= 954 Sum of the last seven number = 7 × 53 = 371
Let he earn Rs. x on 18th March. Then,
So, on 17th March he earned = x - 50 ⇒ x + x + 3 + x + 7 = 768 - (270 + 371)
⇒ x - 50 + x = 954 ⇒ 2x = 1004 ⇒ x = 502 !!+
⇒ 3x + 10 = 768 – 641 ⇒ x = = 39
$
So, he earned Rs. 502 on 18th of March.
Ninth number x = 39
Seventh = x + 3 = 42
Q:8 (4) Increase in score of the candidate = 95 - 57 = 38 ($) 1 *') ,!
Increase in average = 0.95 Average = = = 40.5
' '
Let the number of students = n Hence the average of ninth and seventh number is 40.5.
$, $,
⇒ - = 0.95 ⇒ n = (.)# = 40
Q:13 (3) Average of three numbers = 112
Hence the number of students in the class are 40.
Total of three numbers = 112 × 3 = 336
Let 2nd number be 3a.
Q:9 (3) Sum of n numbers = Average of n numbers × n
According to the question:
According to the given question,
1st number = 3a × 3 = 9a
The sum of 46 numbers = 50.5 × 46 = 2323 = s1 (let) $
The sum of first 25 numbers = 45 × 25 = 1125 3rd number × * = 3a
And, the sum of last 18 numbers = 56 × 18 = 1008 *
3rd number = 3a × $ = 4a
Now, the sum of the numbers excluding 26th, 27th and $$"
28th terms = s2 = 1125 + 1008 = 2133 ⇒ 9a + 3a + 4a = 336 ⇒ 16a = 336 ⇒ a = !"
= 21
Given that, 28th term = 67 Smallest among three = 3 × 21 = 63
Therefore, Sum of the terms excluding 26th and 27th Hence the smallest number is 63.
term = 2133 + 67 = 2200
If the 26th and 27th terms are excluded, then remaining Q:14 (3) In between 70 to 90, all prime numbers =
terms = 44 71,73,79,83,89
''(( +!1+$1+)1,$1,) $)#
Average = ** = 50. Now, required average = #
= # = 79
The average of the remaining numbers is 50. Hence the average of all prime numbers between 70 and
90 is 79.
Q:10 (3) Let the first integer be x and average be d
According to the question: Q:15 (4) Sum of terms = Average × number of terms
⇒ x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) + ..... + (x + 10) = 11 × d The average of 52, 71, 43, 22, a and b is 55
⇒ 11x + 55 = 11 × d ⇒ x + 5 = d ⇒ x = d - 5 The average of 42, 45, 49, 51, 42, c and d is 53
Let the new average be A Sum of (52 + 71 + 43 + 22 + a + b) = 55 × 6 = 330
⇒ x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) + ..... + (x + 8) = 9 × A ⇒ a + b = 330 - 188 = 142
⇒ 9x + 36 = 9 × A ⇒ x + 4 = A ⇒ d - 5 + 4 = A Sum of (42 + 45 + 49 + 51+ 42 + c + d) = 53 × 7 = 371
⇒A=d-1 ⇒ c + d = 371 - 229 = 142
3141516 ',*
Hence, the new average will decrease by 1. Now, the average of a, b, c, d = & * ' = * = 71.
Hence the average of a, b, c, d is 71.
Q:11 (4) Average of eight consecutive odd numbers = 28
Let us assume the first odd number as (n - 7).
Q:16 (3) The average weight of P and his three friends =
Other consecutive odd numbers would be (n - 5), (n - 3),
55kg
(n - 1), (n + 1), (n + 3), (n + 5), and (n + 7).
Let the weight of P be x kg,
Sum = (n - 5) + (n - 3) + (n -1) + (n + 1) + (n + 3) + (n +
Then total weight of P and her friends = 55 × 4 = 220 kg
5) + (n + 7) = 8n
,- Then according to question, P has 4 kg more weight than
Average of eight consecutive odd numbers = average weight of her 3 friends, thus
,
,- ''( – %
⇒ , = 28 ⇒ n = 28 ⇒ $ + 4 = x ⇒ 232 = 4x ⇒ x = 58 kg
Largest odd number = n + 7 = 28 + 7 = 35 Hence the weight of P is 58 Kg.
Smallest odd number = n - 7 = 28 - 7 = 21
Hence, Sum of largest and smallest odd number = 35 + Q:17 (1) Total weight of students of section A = 40 ×
21 = 56 45.5 = 1820 kg.
Total weight of students of section B = 40 × 44.2 = 1768
Q:12 (2) The average of sixteen numbers = 48 kg.
The average of the first six of these numbers = 45 and The weight of two students who got shifted from A to B
The average of the last seven numbers = 53 = 48.75 × 2 = 97.5 kg.
Let's assume the ninth number = x The weight of the students who got shifted from B to A
Seventh number = x + 3 = 2 × x = 2x

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Published by – The Dhronas

"Quant Sir" for SSC CGL Tier 1 Exam

No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any

Write to us at: quantsirssc@gmail.com

1. Basic Calculation Tricks 06 – 31

3. Number System 60 – 106

4. Algebra 107 – 149

5. Percentage 150 – 184

6. Profit and Loss 185 – 224

7. Ratio and Proportion 225 – 258

8. Averages 259 – 292

9. Mixtures and Alligations 293 – 323

10. Speed, Time and Distance 324 – 359

11. Problems on Trains, Boats and Streams 360 – 398

12. Time and Work 399 – 437

13. Pipes and Cisterns 438 – 473

14. Simple and Compound Interest 474 – 511

15. Geometry – Introduction to Geometric Figures 512 – 546

16. Geometry – Triangles 547 – 583

17. Geometry – Circles and Mixed Figures 584 – 623

18. Mensuration 2D 624 – 661

19. Mensuration 3D 662 – 690

20. Trigonometry 691 – 732

21. Data Interpretation 733 – 777

22. Statistics, Progressions and Probability 778 – 809

Hello! Welcome to the journey of cracking Quantitative Number System 2

• You have to solve 84.17% of 49 to get the answer.

• You have to find 792 to get the answer.

Since, 21 is very close to the number ending with 0 (i.e. E.g. 87 × 63 = ?

i.e. 47 × 20 = 940, and then, 940 + 47 = 987.

So, 987 is the answer.

Yeah, I know what you are thinking, that if we must do

Like that, we can multiply any number with any number

This is the modern adaptation of our ancient Vedic

[Note: Since these are just two-digit numbers to add, it E.g. 17 × 21 = ?

III. tens digits, 4 × 2 = 8 and 8 + 1 = 9 E.g. 32 × 46 = ?

Easy Moderate Hard

Importance and Relevance in SSC CGL Exam

1 But we promise that we will make this chapter most

We can comprehend from this graph that 2 questions are

Even Numbers – Numbers which when divided by 2 We can say that,

Divisibility Rule ● This number is divisible by 999 if: (a + bcd + efg)

In this unit we will be dealing with the Triangles and

1. The sum of any two sides of a triangle is always greater

Theorem 1: Two triangles on the same base and between

3. Incentre: The bisectors of the three angles meet at a

So, here, Ar (ABC) = Ar (DBC)

We will discuss these formulae in detail in Mensuration

Geometric Centres of Triangles

E.g. If PQ is a line parallel to BC such that PQ divides

Congruency of triangles refers to the property of two

In this last but not least chapter, we are going to discuss

As we discussed, these 4 topics are not often asked in the

So, as discussed earlier, sometimes 1 question from any Mean

Here again, a = 5, n = 4 and d = 2. Let’s take an example to understand it better.

First Term (a): The starting number of the sequence.

Harmonic Mean: For 2 quantities a and b, Also, sum of 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ......+ 97 + 98 + 99 + 100 =

Sol: Word ‘EQUALITY’ contains 5 letters. Key Points to Remember:

Q:4 A dealer bought some Fruits for ₹18875. He sold