List of World Heritage Sites in India

List of World Heritage Sites in India
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designates World
Heritage Sites of outstanding universal value to cultural or natural heritage which have been
nominated by countries which are signatories to the UNESCO World Heritage Convention,
established in 1972.[1] Cultural heritage consists of monuments (such as architectural works,
monumental sculptures, or inscriptions), groups of buildings, and sites (including archaeological
sites). Natural features (consisting of physical and biological formations), geological and
physiographical formations (including habitats of threatened species of animals and plants), and
natural sites which are important from the point of view of science, conservation or natural
beauty, are defined as natural heritage.[2] India accepted the convention on 14 November 1977,
making its sites eligible for inclusion on the list.[3]
Great
Himalayan
Chandigarh Kalka–Shimla
Nanda Devi
Delhi
Khangchendzonga
Fatehpur Sikri
Jaipur Agra
Keoladeo Darjeeling Kaziranga
Hill Forts Manas
Nalanda
Dholavira
Rani ki vav Khajuraho Bodh Gaya
Ahmadabad Bhimbetka Santiniketan
Champaner- Sanchi
Pavagadh Ajanta Sundarbans
Konark
Mumbai Ellora
Ramappa
Goa Pattadakal
Hampi
Hoysala Ensembles
Western Mahabalipuram
Ghats Nilgiris
Chola
Temples
Location of World Heritage Sites in India.

Green dots indicate the seven clusters (39 sites in total) in the Western Ghats
Blue dots are the Hill Forts of Rajasthan
Yellow dots are the Great Living Chola Temples

Orange dots are the Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas
Pink dots indicate the Mountain Railways of India
Turquoise dots indicate cities with multiple sites. Agra, Mumbai and Delhi have three
sites each, Jaipur has two.
There are 42 World Heritage Sites in India. Out of these, 34 are cultural, seven are natural, and
one, Khangchendzonga National Park, is of mixed type. India has the sixth-most sites worldwide.
The first sites to be listed were the Ajanta Caves, Ellora Caves, Agra Fort, and Taj Mahal, all of
which were inscribed in the 1983 session of the World Heritage Committee. The most recent
sites listed were Santiniketan and the Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas, in 2023.[3] At different
times, two sites were listed as endangered: the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary was listed between
1992 and 2011 due to poaching and the activities of Bodo militias,[4] and the monuments at
Hampi were listed between 1999 and 2006 due to risks from increased traffic and new
constructions in surroundings.[5] One site is transnational: The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier
is shared with six other countries.[6] In addition, India has 57 sites on its tentative list.[3]
World Heritage Sites
UNESCO lists sites under ten criteria; each entry must meet at least one of the criteria. Criteria i
through vi are cultural, and vii through x are natural.[7]
* Transnational site
Location Year UNESCO
Site Image Description
(state) listed data
The caves at Ajanta

represent a collection
of Buddhist art from
two periods. The first
monuments date to
the 2nd and 1st
centuries BCE and
were created by the
followers of
Theravada Buddhism.
Further monuments
242; i, ii, iii, vi were added in the 5th
Ajanta Caves Maharashtra 1983
(cultural) and 6th centuries CE,
during the Vakataka
dynasty, by the
followers of
Mahayana Buddhism.
The monuments are
masterpieces of
Buddhist art and
exerted strong artistic
influence in India and
the broader region,
especially in Java.[8]
Ellora Caves Maharashtra 1983 243; i, iii, vi The Ellora Caves

(cultural) comprise 34 temples
and monasteries that
were cut into a 2 km
(1.2 mi) long basalt
cliff between the 7th
and 11th centuries. As
they were built by
followers of
Buddhism, Hinduism,
and Jainism, they
illustrate the religious
tolerance of the period
when they were
constructed. The
largest temple is the
Kailasa Temple
(pictured), which is
elaborately decorated
(state) listed data
with sculptures and

paintings.[9]
Agra Fort is a 16th-

century Mughal
imperial fortress in
Agra. It got its present
layout under the
Emperor Akbar. The
complex contains
several palaces
251; iii (Jahangiri Mahal
Agra Fort Uttar Pradesh 1983
(cultural) pictured), audience
halls, and two
mosques. Stylistically,
it is one of the high
points of Indo-Islamic
architecture, with
influences of Persian
and Timurid
architecture.[10][11]
Taj Mahal Uttar Pradesh 1983 252; i The Taj Mahal is

(cultural) considered the finest
example of Indo-
Islamic architecture. It
was built in Agra on
the bank of the
Yamuna river as a
mausoleum of
Mumtaz Mahal, the
Persian wife of the
Mughal emperor Shah
Jahan, between 1631
and 1648. It was
designed by Ustad
Ahmad Lahori and
built in white marble
inlaid with precious
and semi-precious
stones. The tomb is
surrounded by four
free-standing
minarets. The
complex also includes
the main gate, a
(state) listed data
mosque, a
guesthouse, and
surrounding
gardens.[12]
This Hindu temple

was built in the 13th
century and is one of
the finest examples of
Kalinga architecture. It
represents the chariot
of the solar deity
Sun Temple, 246; i, iii, vi Surya: on the outer
Odisha 1984
Konârak (cultural) sides, it has 24 wheels
carved of stone and
richly decorated, being
pulled by six horses.
Other decorative
motifs include lions,
musicians, dancers,
and erotic scenes.[13]
Group of Tamil Nadu 1984 249; i, ii, iii, vi The monuments

Monuments at (cultural) around the town of
Mahabalipuram Mamallapuram were
built in the 7th and 8th
centuries, under the
Pallava dynasty. There
are different types of
monuments: the
rathas, which are
chariot-shaped
temples (Dharmaraja
Ratha); the mandapas
(rock-cut temples);
rock reliefs, including
the giant Descent of
the Ganges; Shore
Temple (pictured) and
other temples and
archaeological
remains. The artistic
expression of the
monuments was
influential in the
broader region,
(state) listed data
including Cambodia,
Vietnam, and Java.[14]
Kaziranga is located in
the floodplains of the
Brahmaputra River. It
is one of the best
wildlife sanctuaries in
the world, home to the
world's largest
population of the
Kaziranga National 337; ix, x Indian rhinoceros
Assam 1985
Park (natural) (pictured), as well as
tigers, Asian
elephants, wild water
buffalo, and the
Ganges river dolphin.
The wetlands are
important for
migratory bird
species.[15]
Manas Wildlife Assam 1985 338; vii, ix, x The sanctuary along
Sanctuary (natural) the Manas River
covers grasslands on
floodplains and
forests, both in
lowlands and in hills.
The area is a
biodiversity hotspot
and home to several
endangered species,
including the Indian
rhinoceros, Asian
elephant (pictured),
wild water buffalo,
tiger, sloth bear,
pygmy hog, Gee's
golden langur, and
Bengal florican. The
forests are constantly
being renewed after
floods and changes in
the river courses.
Between 1992 and
2011, the site was
(state) listed data
listed as endangered
due to poaching and
the activities of Bodo
militias.[16][4]
Initially a duck-hunting
reserve for Maharajas,
Keoladeo is a man-
made and man-
maintained wetland. It
is important both for
migratory and resident
birds, especially
waterbirds. Over 350
species of birds have
been recorded,
Keoladeo National 340; x
Rajasthan 1985 including 15 species
Park (natural)
of herons, the Siberian
crane, and the greater
spotted eagle.
Pictured here is a
group of bar-headed
geese and demoiselle
cranes flying together
in the park. The park is
also protected under
the Ramsar
Convention.[17]
Churches and Goa 1986 234; ii, iv, vi Old Goa was the
Convents of Goa (cultural) capital of Portuguese
India, a colony that
lasted for 450 years
until 1961. The site
comprises seven
churches and
convents that were
built in the 16th and
17th centuries in the
Gothic, Manueline,
Mannerist, and
Baroque styles, but
which were also
adapted to suit local
techniques and
resources. They
(state) listed data
spread architectural
influences to Asian
countries where
Catholic missions
were established. The
Basilica of Bom Jesus,
where Saint Francis
Xavier is buried, is
pictured.[18]
This site comprises 23

temples, both Hindu
and Jain, that were
11th centuries, during
the Chandela dynasty.
The temples are built
in the Nagara style.
They are richly
decorated with stone
Khajuraho Group of Madhya 240; i, iii
1986 carvings and
Monuments Pradesh (cultural)
sculptures that depict
sacred and secular
motifs, including
depictions of
domestic life,
musicians, dancers,
and amorous couples.
A detail from the
Lakshmana Temple is
pictured.[19]
Group of Karnataka 1986 241bis; i, iii, Hampi was the capital

Monuments at iv (cultural) of the Vijayanagara
Hampi Empire until its
abandonment after its
sacking and pillaging
by the Deccan
sultanates in 1565.
For about 200 years, it
was a prosperous
multi-cultural city that
left several
monuments in the
Dravidian style as well
as the Indo-Islamic
(state) listed data
style. The remains

include religious and
secular buildings and
defensive structures.
The Vitthala Temple is
pictured. A minor
boundary modification
of the site took place
in 2012. Between
1999 and 2006, the
site was listed as
endangered due to
risks posed by
increased traffic and
new
constructions.[20][5]
For about a decade in

the second half of the
16th century, Fatehpur
Sikri was the capital of
the Mughal Empire
under Emperor Akbar,
until the capital was
moved to Lahore in
1585 and the city was
mostly abandoned.
255; ii, iii, iv The site comprises a
Fatehpur Sikri Uttar Pradesh 1986
(cultural) large collection of
monuments and
temples in the Mughal
style, such as the
Jama Masjid (the gate
to the mosque, the
Buland Darwaza,
pictured), the Panch
Mahal palace, and the
Tomb of Salim
Chishti.[21]
Group of Karnataka 1987 239rev; iii, iv This site comprises

Monuments at (cultural) nine Hindu temples
Pattadakal and one Jain temple
that were built in the
7th and 8th centuries
under the Chalukya
(state) listed data
dynasty. They were

constructed in the
Badami Chalukya style
that blends influences
from northern and
southern India. The
Temple of Virupaksha
is pictured.[22]
The cave complex,

located on Elephanta
Island in Mumbai
Harbour, was
constructed mainly in
the 5th and 6th
centuries, with
remains of human
occupation dating
244rev; i, iii back to the 2nd
Elephanta Caves Maharashtra 1987
(cultural) century BCE. The
temples are dedicated
to Shiva. The caves
are decorated with
stone carvings, some
of them colossal. A
statue of Trimurti
Shiva, flanked by the
dvarapalas, is
pictured.[23]
Great Living Chola Tamil Nadu 1987 250bis; ii, iii This site comprises
Temples (cultural) three Hindu temples
12th centuries under
the Chola dynasty.
They represent some
of the best examples
of Dravidian
architecture of the
Chola period. They are
made of stone and
and bronze sculptures.
Initially, only the
Brihadisvara Temple
(pictured) was listed
(state) listed data
as a World Heritage
Site; two other
temples, the
Brihadisvara Temple
and the Airavatesvara
Temple were added in
2004, after which the
site was renamed to
its current name.[24][25]
The national park

covers the Indian part
of the Sundarbans, the
delta of the Ganges
and Brahmaputra
rivers. It is the world's
largest and richest
mangrove forest, with
about 78 recorded
mangrove species. It
is a biodiversity
hotspot, home to a
Sundarbans 452; ix, x
West Bengal 1987 large population of
National Park (natural)
Bengal tigers (one
pictured), as well as
an important habitat
for the Irrawaddy
dolphin and Ganges
river dolphin, several
species of birds and
sea turtles. In
Bangladesh, the
Sundarbans is listed
as a separate World
Heritage Site.[26][27]
Nanda Devi and Uttarakhand 1988 335bis; vii, x This site comprises
Valley of Flowers (natural) two areas in the West
National Parks Himalayas, the Valley
of Flowers National
Park (pictured) and
the Nanda Devi
National Park. There
are different types of
high-altitude habitats,
from high mountain
(state) listed data
peaks (Nanda Devi at

7,817 m (25,646 ft) is
India's second-highest
mountain) to alpine
meadows. In addition
to numerous mountain
plant species, the area
is home to the Asiatic
black bear, snow
leopard, brown bear,
and bharal. Nanda
Devi NP was originally
listed alone in 1988;
the Valley of Flowers
NP was added in
2005.[28][29]
Sanchi is one of the

oldest extant Buddhist
sanctuaries and was
instrumental in the
spread of the religion
through the Indian
subcontinent. It
became important
under Emperor
Ashoka of the Maurya
Empire in the 3rd
century BCE. The
Buddhist
Madhya 524; i, ii, iii, iv, remains of a pillar
Monuments at 1989
Pradesh vi (cultural) from the period are
Sanchi
preserved. Stupas
(Stupa 1 pictured),
palaces, temples, and
monasteries are
preserved in different
states of
conservation, mostly
dating to the 2nd and
1st centuries BCE. The
city declined in
importance in the 12th
century.[30]
(state) listed data
The tomb of the

Mughal emperor
Humayun was
constructed in the
1560s and represents
the first example of a
garden tomb on the
Indian subcontinent,
introducing the
elements of Persian
gardens. The
Humayun's Tomb, 232bis; ii, iv
Delhi 1993 monumental double-
Delhi (cultural)
domed mausoleum
represents a leap in
Mughal architecture
and is an architectural
predecessor of the Taj
Mahal. The complex
includes several
smaller tombs from
the period. A minor
boundary modification
took place in 2016.[31]
Qutb Minar and its Delhi 1993 233; iv The complex

Monuments, Delhi (cultural) comprises several
early Islamic India
monuments from the
13th and 14th
centuries when the
Delhi Sultanate
established power
there. They include the
Qutb Minar, a 72.5 m
(238 ft)-high minaret
(pictured), the Alai
Darwaza gateway, the
Quwwat-ul-Islam
Mosque where several
stone pillars from
previous Hindu
temples were
repurposed, the Iron
pillar, and several
(state) listed data
tombs and other

monuments.[32]
This site comprises

three mountain
railways built in the
late 19th and early
20th centuries to
provide access to
towns in the
highlands. They
represent a
technology transfer in
a colonial setting; the
construction involved
building bridges and
West Bengal,
tunnels to cross
Mountain Railways Tamil Nadu, 944ter; ii, iv
1999 difficult terrains. The
of India Himachal (cultural)
railways supported
Pradesh
further human
settlement of the
areas they linked to
and are still fully
operational. The
Darjeeling Himalayan
Railway was initially
listed alone in 1999.
The Nilgiri Mountain
Railway was added in
2005, and the Kalka–
Shimla railway
(pictured) in 2008.[33]
Mahabodhi Temple Bihar 2002 1056rev; i, ii, The Buddhist temple

Complex at Bodh iii, iv, vi complex marks the
Gaya (cultural) site where Buddha is
said to have attained
enlightenment under
the Bodhi Tree. The
present temple dates
to the 5th and 6th
centuries CE (during
the Gupta period) and
was built upon a
previous structure
commissioned by
(state) listed data
Emperor Ashoka in the

3rd century BCE. The
temple is 50 m
(160 ft) high and
made of brick. It had a
substantial influence
on the development of
architecture in the
following centuries.
After centuries of
abandonment and
neglect, the temple
was extensively
restored in the 19th
century.[34]
This site comprises

five clusters of rock
shelters in the
foothills of the
Vindhya Range. They
contain rock paintings
from the hunter-
Rock Shelters of Madhya 925; iii, v gatherer societies of
2003
Bhimbetka Pradesh (cultural) the Mesolithic to the
historical period. The
nearby villages still
maintain some
cultural practices
similar to those
depicted in the
paintings.[35]
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharashtra 2004 945rev; ii, iv The historic terminal

Terminus (formerly (cultural) train station in
Victoria Terminus) Mumbai was built in
the late 19th century.
It was designed by
Frederick William
Stevens in the
Victorian Gothic style,
drawing influences
from Italian Gothic
architecture and
combining them with
influences from Indian
(state) listed data
traditional buildings. It
symbolized the wealth
of Mumbai as a major
commercial port
within the British
Commonwealth.[36]
The site contains

remains from several
periods, from the
Chalcolithic to the
remains of
Champaner, a short-
lived capital of the
Gujarat Sultanate in
the 16th century.
Important buildings
Champaner-
include the Hindu
Pavagadh 1101; ii, iv, v,
Gujarat 2004 temple Kalika Mata,
Archaeological vi (cultural)
Jain temples, and
Park
Jama Mosque
(pictured) which
features both Hindu
and Muslim
architectural elements,
and the remains of
water-managing
systems, fortifications,
and 14th-century
temples.[37]
Red Fort Complex Delhi 2007 231rev; ii, iii, The Red Fort was built
vi (cultural) under Mughal emperor
Shah Jahan in the
mid-17th century. It
represents the zenith
of Mughal
architecture, blending
the elements of Indo-
Persian culture with
Timurid elements. Its
architecture had a
strong influence on
later palaces and
gardens in the region.
The Red Fort was also
(state) listed data
the setting of
historical events; it
was sacked and
partially repurposed
by the British, and it
was the site where the
independence of India
was first celebrated.
The Delhi Gate is
pictured.[38]
The Jantar Mantar in

Jaipur is India's most
significant historic
astronomical
observatory. It dates
from the early 18th
century and was built
by Rajput king Sawai
Jai Singh. There are
The Jantar Mantar, 1338; iii, vi
Rajasthan 2010 about 20 astronomical
Jaipur (cultural)
instruments that were
designed and built for
naked eye
observations of the
positions of stars and
planets. It also served
as a meeting point for
different scientific
cultures.[39]
Western Ghats Maharashtra, 2012 1342rev; ix, x The Western Ghats is

Karnataka, (natural) a mountain range that
Kerala, Tamil runs along the
Nadu western coast of the
Indian subcontinent. It
is covered with
montane forests. The
area is a biodiversity
hotspot and home to
endangered species
such as the Bengal
tiger, lion-tailed
macaque, Nilgiri tahr,
and Nilgiri langur. In
terms of evolutionary
(state) listed data
history, the area is

important given the
breakup of Gondwana
in the early Jurassic
period, after which
India was an isolated
landmass until its
collision with the
Eurasian Plate. The
World Heritage Site
comprises 39
individual
properties.[40]
This site comprises

six forts: the Chittor
Fort, Kumbhalgarh
Fort, Ranthambore
Fort, Gagron Fort,
Amber Fort (pictured),
and Jaisalmer Fort,
which were
constructed between
the 8th and 18th
centuries by Rajput
Hill Forts of 247rev; ii, iii kingdoms. They are
Rajasthan 2013
Rajasthan (cultural) eclectic in style, with
elements of Sultanate
and Mughal
architecture, and were
influential on the later
styles of the Maratha
Empire. They are
situated in different
settings; for example,
Ranthambore is in a
forest, and Jaisalmer
is in a desert.[41]
Rani-ki-Vav (the Gujarat 2014 922; i, iv Rani-ki-Vav is one of

Queen's Stepwell) (cultural) the finest examples of
at Patan, Gujarat a stepwell, an
elaborate type of well
where groundwater is
accessed through
several levels of stairs.
(state) listed data
It was constructed in
the 11th century,
during the Chaulukya
dynasty, on the banks
of the Saraswati River
in the city of Patan. It
has seven levels, each
carvings and
sculptures depicting
religious and secular
themes and literary
works. After the
change in the river
course in the 13th
century, it was no
longer in use and got
covered with silt,
which allowed for its
preservation.[42]
The national park

covers habitats from
alpine peaks of the
Himalayas above
6,000 m (20,000 ft) to
alpine meadows and
riverine forests below
2,000 m (6,600 ft). In
total, there are 25
Great Himalayan types of forests
Himachal 1406rev; x
National Park 2014 recorded, and they
Pradesh (natural)
Conservation Area have rich floral and
faunal assemblies,
including numerous
species of birds,
mammals, reptiles,
and insects. It is home
to endangered species
such as the western
tragopan and musk
deer.[43]
(state) listed data
Nalanda Mahavihara
was a Buddhist
ancient higher-
learning institution
established in the 5th
century and lasting
until its sacking in the
13th century. However,
some archaeological
remains also date
back to the 3rd
Archaeological Site
century BCE. The
of Nalanda 1502; iv, vi
Bihar 2016 remains include
Mahavihara at (cultural)
shrines and stupas,
Nalanda, Bihar
viharas (residential
and educational
buildings), and
artworks in different
materials. Both the
architectural solutions
and educational
approaches were
influential in other
similar institutions in
the broader region.[44]
Khangchendzonga Sikkim 2016 1513; iii, vi, The national park is

National Park vii, x (mixed) located around Mount
Khangchendzonga,
the world's third
highest mountain
(8,586 m (28,169 ft)).
It is a sacred
mountain in Tibetan
Buddhism, where the
area is considered a
beyul, a sacred hidden
land. It is home to
ethnically very diverse
Sikkimese
communities. From
the natural
perspective, the area
comprises various
habitats, from high
(state) listed data
mountains with
glaciers to old-growth
forests, and is rich in
animal and plant
species.[45]
This transnational site

(shared with
Argentina, Belgium,
France, Germany,
Switzerland, and
Japan) encompasses
17 works of Franco-
Swiss architect Le
Corbusier. Le
Corbusier was an
important
representative of the
The Architectural
20th-century
Work of Le
Modernist movement,
Corbusier, an 1321rev; i, ii,
Chandigarh 2016 which introduced new
Outstanding vi (cultural)
architectural
Contribution to the
techniques to meet
Modern Movement*
the needs of the
changing society. The
Chandigarh Capitol
Complex is listed in
India. It is the central
part of the city of
Chandigarh and is
designed in line with
the principles of a
radiant city. The
Palace of Assembly is
pictured.[6]
Historic City of Gujarat 2017 1551; ii, v The city of

Ahmadabad (cultural) Ahmedabad was
founded by Ahmad
Shah I in 1411 to serve
as the capital of the
Gujarat Sultanate. It
was the meeting place
of many religions
(Hinduism, Islam,
Buddhism, Jainism,
(state) listed data
Christianity,
Zoroastrianism, and
Judaism), which
resulted in a unique
urban fabric. The
architecture is based
on timber, and the
typical
neighbourhoods are
called pols, densely
packed traditional
houses with gated
streets. Important
buildings from the
Sultanate period
include the Bhadra
Fort city walls, Sidi
Saiyyed Mosque
(pictured) and
numerous mosques,
tombs, and shrines.[46]
This site comprises

two assemblies of
buildings in Mumbai
from the British
Empire era. Public
buildings in the
Victorian Gothic style
from the second half
of the 19th century
adapted Gothic
Victorian Gothic
Revival elements for
and Art Deco 1480; ii, iv
Maharashtra 2018 the Indian climate,
Ensembles of (cultural)
introducing features
Mumbai
such as balconies and
verandas. The Bombay
High Court building is
pictured. The Art Deco
buildings date to the
early 20th century and
include cinema halls
and apartment
buildings. See also Art
Deco in Mumbai.[47]
(state) listed data
Jaipur was founded by

the Rajput ruler Jai
Singh II in 1727. The
city was built with a
grid plan, inspired by
ancient Hindu and
Western ideals, in a
departure from the
medieval architecture
of the region. It was a
Jaipur City, 1605; ii, iv, vi strong trade centre
Rajasthan 2019
Rajasthan (cultural) and home to
craftsmen and artists.
Important buildings
and sites include the
Hawa Mahal palace
(pictured), Govind Dev
Ji Temple, City Palace,
and Jantar Mantar,
which is listed as a
separate World
Heritage Site.[48]
The Hindu temple,

dedicated to Shiva,
was constructed in the
first half of the 13th
century under the
Kakatiya dynasty. It is
Kakatiya
carvings and
Rudreshwara 1570; i, iii
Telangana 2021 sculptures in granite
(Ramappa) Temple, (cultural)
and dolerite that
Telangana
depict regional dance
customs. In line with
Hindu practices, the
temple is constructed
in a way that blends
harmonically with the
environment.[49]
Dholavira: a Gujarat 2021 1645; iii, iv Dholavira was one of

Harappan City (cultural) the centres of the
Harappan Civilisation
from the 3rd to mid-
2nd millennium BCE,
(state) listed data
in the Bronze Age. The

remains include a
walled city and a
cemetery, and there
are remains of
buildings and water
management
systems. The city's
location was chosen
because of nearby
sources of precious
minerals. The city had
trade connections
with other cities in the
region and as far as
Mesopotamia. The
site was rediscovered
in 1968.[50]
Santiniketan was
founded as an ashram
by Debendranath
Tagore in the second
half of the 19th
century and then
developed into a
university town for
Visva-Bharati
1375; iv, vi
Santiniketan West Bengal 2023 University. It is
(cultural)
connected to the life
and philosophy of
Debendranath's son
Rabindranath Tagore,
the leading figure of
the Bengali
Renaissance. The
prayer hall is
pictured.[51][52]
Sacred Ensembles Karnataka 2023 1670; i, ii, iv Three Hoysala

of the Hoysalas (cultural) temples - the
Chennakeshava
Temple in Belur, the
Hoysaleswara Temple
in Halebidu and the
Keshava temple
(state) listed data
(pictured) in
Somanathapura,
dating between the
12th and 14th
centuries. Hoysala
architecture combined
the elements of
Dravidian architecture
with influences from
northern India. The
temples were built by
the followers of
Vaishnavism and
Shaivism and they are
richly decorated with
stone sculptures and
carvings. The
Chennakeshava
Temple in Belur is still
an important
pilgrimage site.[53][54]
Tentative list
In addition to sites inscribed on the World Heritage List, member states can maintain a list of
tentative sites that they may consider for nomination. Nominations for the World Heritage List
are only accepted if the site was previously listed on the tentative list.[55] India lists 57 properties
on its tentative list.[3]
(state) listed criteria
The terracotta temples

built by Malla rulers
date to the 17th
century. They were
Temples at
built in brick and
Bishnupur, West West Bengal 1998 (cultural)
laterite stone. They
Bengal
have characteristic
sloping roofs. The Jor
Bangle temple, from
1655, is pictured.[56]
The palace was built

by the Portuguese for
the local rulers around
Mattancherry 1555. It is a two-storey
Palace, Ernakulam, Kerala 1998 (cultural) building with several
Kerala halls and a ceiling
decorated with
carvings in the
coronation hall.[57]
This nomination
comprises
monuments dating
from the 11th to the
Group of
16th centuries. They
Monuments at Madhya
1998 (cultural) include rock-cut
Mandu, Madhya Pradesh
tombs and temples,
Pradesh
mosques, palaces,
and pavilions. The
Jahaz Mahal palace is
pictured.[58]
Ancient Buddhist Uttar Pradesh 1998 (cultural) This nomination

Site, Sarnath, comprises two groups
Varanasi, Uttar of monuments. The
Pradesh first group includes
Buddhist temples,
stupas (Dhamek Stupa
pictured), and
monasteries, as well
as the remains of a
pillar of Ashoka. They
date from the 3rd
century BCE to the
12th century CE. The
second group is
represented by the
Chaukhandi Stupa,
built in 1588.[59]
Sri Harimandir Sahib,

also known as the
Golden Temple, is the
spiritual centre of
Sikhism. The temple
complex was rebuilt
several times. The
Sri Harimandir
iii, iv, vi architectural layout of
Sahib, Amritsar, Punjab 2004
(cultural) the complex reflects
Punjab
the spiritual concepts
of the religion. The
main temple building
is richly decorated
with floral patterns,
either painted or as
marble inlay.[60]
Majuli is a large river

island in the
Brahmaputra River.
There are over 200
villages on the island,
inhabited by people
River Island of from various ethnic
Majuli in midstream ii, iii, v, vi origins. A
Assam 2004
of Brahmaputra (cultural) characteristic concept
River in Assam of the region is the
satras, institutional
centres for cultural
activities that also
serve as democratic
mediators for dispute
resolution.[61]
Namdapha Arunachal 2006 vii, ix, x The national park

National Park Pradesh (natural) covers an extensive
wilderness area
mostly covered in
forests and sparsely
explored. It is located
in the Eastern
Himalayas. The
highest peak is Dapha

Bum, at 4,571 m
(14,997 ft).[62]
Little Rann of Kutch is

a salt marsh with
sparse vegetation,
mostly with xerophytic
species. It is home to
Wild Ass Sanctuary, the last wild
Gujarat 2006 x (natural)
Little Rann of Kutch population of the
Indian wild ass (two
specimens pictured).
It is also an important
nesting area for
birds.[63]
The area is covered by

virgin forest and is a
biodiversity hotspot.
The valley spans from
lowlands to altitudes
around 3,200 m
(10,500 ft), which
Neora Valley vii, x
West Bengal 2009 results in a variety of
National Park (natural)
habitats. It is home to
several bird species
and mammals,
including the red
panda and two
species of
pangolin.[64]
Desert National Rajasthan 2009 vii, viii, x The national park

Park (natural) covers a part of the
Thar Desert. It is home
to several endemic
species, such as the
Indian hairy-footed
gerbil and the
Rajasthan toad-
headed lizard. It is
also home to two
endangered species of
vultures. There are
fossil beds in the park,
dating to the Jurassic

period.[65]
This nomination
comprises 12 sites
connected to the
ancient Silk Road, a
network of trade
routes connecting
China with the west.
There were at least
three corridors in
Bihar, Jammu
India. In addition to
and Kashmir,
the movement of
Maharashtra,
Silk Road Sites in ii, iii, vi goods, they were
Puducherry, 2010
India (cultural) important in the
Punjab, Tamil
spread of Buddhism
Nadu, Uttar
and Greco-Buddhist
Pradesh
culture. Sites in the
nomination include
the Roman trade port
at Arikamedu,
Vikramashila
(pictured) and the
early Buddhist site of
Vaishali (the Relic
Stupa).[66]
The Qutb Shahi Telangana 2010 i, ii, iii, iv This nomination

Monuments of (cultural) comprises the
Hyderabad monuments of the
Golconda Fort, Qutb Qutb Shahi dynasty, a
Shahi Tombs, sultanate that ruled in
Charminar the 16th and 17th
century, in Hyderabad
and its surroundings.
The Golconda Fort is a
citadel and early
capital. Qutb Shahi
tombs (two pictured)
are mosques and
burial places of the
sultans, and
Charminar, built in
1591, is a
monumental gateway
with four minarets.

These sites illustrate
the cosmopolitan
nature of the region in
that period.[67]
Mughal gardens were

built in a style
influenced by Persian
gardens, particularly
by the Charbagh
layout, with terraces
and fountains
arranged around a
central water channel,
Mughal Gardens in Jammu and i, ii, iv
2010 reflecting the Islamic
Kashmir Kashmir (cultural)
concept of paradise.
Six gardens are listed
in the nomination:
Chashme Shahi,
Shalimar Bagh
(pavilion pictured),
Pari Mahal, Verinag,
Achabal Gardens, and
Nishat Bagh.[68]
Delhi - A Heritage Delhi 2012 ii, v, vi Delhi, as Lal Kot, was

City (cultural) founded in 1060 as a
capital of the Tomara
dynasty. Later, rulers
built subsequent cities
on the site. Delhi was
the capital of the Delhi
Sultanate and an
intermittent capital of
the Mughal Empire.
During the British rule,
the capital was moved
from Calcutta to the
newly constructed
New Delhi in 1911.
The nomination lists
the following areas of
historical and
architectural
importance: Mehrauli,
Nizamuddin Dargah
(the tomb of the Sufi
saint Nizamuddin
Auliya),
Shahjahanabad
(pictured), and New
Delhi.[69]
This nomination
comprises the
monuments of Deccan
sultanates, dating
between the 14th and
17th centuries, in four
cities: Gulbarga, Bidar,
Bijapur in Karnataka
state, and Hyderabad
in Telangana state.
Monuments and The architecture of the
Karnataka, ii, iii
Forts of the Deccan 2014 Deccan sultanates
Telangana (cultural)
Sultanate represents
interactions between
Islamic and Hindu
influences. Some of
the monuments in the
nomination include
the Bidar Fort
(pictured), Jama
Mosque in Gulbarga,
and the Qutb Shahi
tombs.[70]
Cellular Jail, Andaman and 2014 iv, vi The jail was

Andaman Islands Nicobar Islands (cultural) constructed in 1906
by the British, primarily
to exile political
prisoners to the
remote archipelago.
The architecture was
based on the
panopticon system,
with radiating wings
that were easy to
monitor by a single
guard. Jail cells were
intended for
individuals for
confinement. The jail
was infamous for the
brutal treatment of
inmates and is
important in the
history of the Indian
independence
movement.[71]
Sari, or saree, is a
traditional attire of
Indian women. Sari
weaving required
particular adjustments
of the weavers'
houses to
accommodate looms
Madhya
and other devices for
Pradesh, Uttar
Iconic Saree silk processing,
Pradesh, iii, v
Weaving Clusters of 2014 resulting in a specific
Maharashtra, (cultural)
India vernacular
Andhra Pradesh,
architecture. This
Assam
nomination comprises
eight clusters where
sari weaving was and
still is a major
profession of the
villagers. Different
styles of saris are
pictured.[72]
Apatani Cultural Arunachal 2014 iii, v Apatani people live in

Landscape Pradesh (cultural) the Ziro Valley that is
surrounded by high
mountains of the
Himalayas. They have
a culture that is
distinct from that of
other tribes in the
region, with traditional
crafts and festivals.
They practice wet rice
cultivation and are
careful in land
management, which
allowed sustainable
agriculture for several
centuries. The
resulting cultural
landscape reflects the
ability of the tribe to
make the adverse
environment
habitable.[73]
The Sri
Ranganathaswamy
Temple is dedicated to
Ranganatha. It is the
world's largest
operating Hindu
temple and is, in fact,
a temple town, with
inner enclosures
constituting the
temple and outer ones
being used for
Sri
i, ii, iii, v settlements. There
Ranganathaswamy Tamil Nadu 2014
(cultural) have been temples at
Temple, Srirangam
the site for over two
millennia; however, the
key buildings standing
today date to the time
of the Vijayanagara
Empire, from the 14th
to the 16th century.
The temple has 21
gopurams, which are
richly decorated with
paintings and
sculptures.[74]
Monuments of Karnataka 2014 i, ii, iii, iv Srirangapatna, the

Srirangapatna (cultural) river island in the
Island Town Kaveri river, is an
important pilgrimage
site in South India. It
has been continuously
inhabited since the
12th century. The
monuments on the
island date to different

historical periods,
including the periods
of the Hoysala Empire,
Vijayanagara Empire,
Kingdom of Mysore,
and the British Raj.
Most monuments date
from the 16th to the
19th centuries and
have elements of
Hindu, Indo-Islamic,
and British styles. The
Gumbaz mausoleum
is pictured.[75]
Chilika Lake is a large

brackish water lagoon,
fed by over 50 rivers
and streams. It is an
ephemeral
environment, with the
river sediments being
deposited to the Bay
of Bengal. Different
parts of the lake are
freshwater, brackish,
Chilika Lake Odisha 2014 ix, x (natural)
and marine
ecosystems and are
an important habitat
for birds and
mammals, including
the endangered
Irrawaddy dolphin. The
lake is rich in fish
species that support
the local fishermen
population.[76]
Padmanabhapuram Tamil Nadu 2014 iii, iv The palace in

Palace (cultural) Padmanabhapuram
was constructed in the
16th century, with later
additions continuing
into the early 19th
century, to serve as
the seat of the

Travancore royal
family. It is a
masterpiece of
traditional timber
architecture decorated
with murals and
carvings. Murals
depict Hindu
mythology and secular
themes.[77]
Satyagraha, a form of
nonviolent resistance
or civil resistance, was
developed by
Mahatma Gandhi in
the first half of the
20th century, as a part
of the Indian
independence
movement. The
nomination comprises
22 sites across India
related to the
Sites of Satyagrah, movement. Several
iv, vi
India's non-violent several sites 2014 sites are ashrams
(cultural)
freedom movement (Sabarmati Ashram
pictured), founded by
Gandhi to teach his
philosophy. Other
sites are related to the
independence
movement.
Satyagraha theory was
influential in the civil
rights movement in
the United States and
in the fight against
apartheid in South
Africa.[78]
The village of
Thembang is located
in the Eastern
Himalayas at an
altitude above 2,000 m
(6,600 ft). It is built as
a dzong, a type of
Thembang Fortified Arunachal ii, iii, v
2014 fortified monastery
Village Pradesh (cultural)
also found in
neighbouring Bhutan
and Tibet. It is
inhabited by the
Monpas and was
constructed before the
12th century.[79]
Narcondam Island is a
volcanic island off the
main chain of the
Andaman Islands. It is
composed mostly of
andesite, dacite, and
amphibole, types of
volcanic rocks and
minerals. The island
provides an important
Andaman and viii, ix, x example of
Narcondam Island 2014
Nicobar Islands (natural) evolutionary
processes due to its
isolation. It is the only
place where the
endangered
Narcondam hornbill
(pictured) is found,
and it is also home to
several endemic
species of the
Andaman Islands.[80]
Moidams – the Assam 2014 v (cultural) This nomination

Mound-Burial comprises the tumuli
system of the in the town of
Ahom Dynasty Charaideo and its
surroundings. The
town was the capital
of the Ahom kingdom
(1228–1826), and the

tumuli were the burial
sites of the royals and
nobility. The tumuli
create an undulating
landscape reminiscent
of hills, in line with the
spiritual beliefs of the
Tai-Ahom people.[81]
Ekamra Kshetra is the

name of the old part
of the city of
Bhubaneswar. It is a
holy city and has
earned the nickname
"Temple City" due to
about 700 temples
that once stood here.
The temples were built
Ekamra Kshetra – between the 3rd
i, ii, iii
The Temple City, Odisha 2014 century BCE and 15th
(cultural)
Bhubaneswar century CE. They are
built in the Kalinga
style, and belong to
Hindu, Buddhist, and
Jain religions. The
Lingaraja Temple is
pictured. In addition to
the temples, there are
also Udayagiri and
Khandagiri Caves built
by Jain worshipers.[82]
The Neolithic Jammu and 2014 ii, iii, v The archaeological

Settlement of Kashmir (cultural) site at Burzahom has
Burzahom provided information
about different stages
of societal
development from the
4th to the 2nd
millennium BCE.
People initially lived in
pit-houses and later
built houses of mud
and brick. There are
also remains of
megalithic structures.
Material remains
excavated at the site
hint at interactions
with cultures of
Central and South
West Asia. A painted
pot from 2700 BCE is
pictured.[83]
Lothal was the only

port-town of the Indus
Valley civilisation, or
Harappan Civilization,
from the Bronze Age.
It was occupied from
around 2400 BCE to
1600 BCE when it was
likely damaged by tidal
Archaeological flooding. The
remains of a settlement consisted
Gujarat 2014 v (cultural)
Harappa Port-Town, of a citadel with wide
Lothal streets, a warehouse,
and a port area along
the river. Remains
found at the site
demonstrate trade
links with the Persian
Gulf region. The
remains of drainage
channels are
pictured.[84]
Mountain Railways Maharashtra, 2014 ii, iv This is a proposed

of India (Extension) Himachal (cultural) extension of the
Pradesh existing World
Heritage Site. It
includes the Matheran
Hill Railway (pictured)
and the Kangra Valley
Railway. They were
built in the early 20th
century; construction
involved technical
innovation to
overcome difficult
mountainous
terrain.[85]
This nomination
comprises 11 villages
in three clusters.
Wealthy merchants
built them in the
second half of the
19th and early 20th
centuries. The villages
mix urban and rural
influences, both Tamil
and those from a
Chettinad, Village broader region, as a
ii, v, vi
Clusters of the Tamil Nadu 2014 result of the travels of
(cultural)
Tamil Merchants the merchants in
Southeast Asia.
Thousands of palatial
houses were built
using local and
imported materials.
The most recent ones,
built in the 1930s and
1940s, are in the Art
Deco style. An
example of a palatial
house is pictured.[86]
The Lotus Temple is

the main Baháʼí House
of Worship in India. It
Bahá'í House of was inaugurated in
i, v, vi
Worship at New Delhi 2014 1986. It has the shape
(cultural)
Delhi of a lotus flower, with
petals made of
concrete and covered
by marble.[87]
Evolution of Temple Karnataka 2015 iii, iv This nomination

Architecture – (cultural) comprises several
Aihole-Badami- temples in Aihole,
Pattadakal Badami, and
Pattadakal, that were
built between the 6th
and 8th centuries
under the Chalukya

dynasty. They
demonstrated the
evolution of Hindu
temple architecture
with rock-cut and free-
standing temples and
were influential in
temples built in later
periods. The temples
at Pattadakal are
already listed as a
World Heritage Site.
The Durga Temple in
Aihole is pictured.[88]
Cold Desert Cultural Ladakh, 2015 iii, v, vi, x The landscapes in the
Landscape of India Himachal (mixed) Himalayas are
Pradesh characterized by high
altitudes, between
3,000 m (9,800 ft) and
5,000 m (16,000 ft),
and harsh dry weather
and temperatures
ranging from above
30 °C (86 °F) in
summer to below
−30 °C (−22 °F) in
winter. Two areas are
inhabited, the Ladakh
and the Spiti Valley.
The culture is a
mixture of Indian and
Tibetan cultures.
Several settlements
are linked to Buddhist
monasteries (Key
Monastery pictured).
From the natural
perspective, the area
is home to
endangered species
such as the snow
leopard, Tibetan
antelope, and the

Himalayan wolf.[89]
The Grand Trunk Road

is one of Asia's oldest
and longest roads. It
connects Afghanistan,
Pakistan, India, and
Bangladesh. The road
has been used at least
since the times of the
Maurya Empire in the
4th century BCE, has
been reconstructed
Sites along the several times in
Uttarapath, different periods, and
ii, iv, vi
Badshahi Sadak, several sites 2015 has been upgraded to
(cultural)
Sadak-e-Azam, modern traffic in the
Grand Trunk Road 20th century. In
addition to trade, the
road has been
instrumental in the
spread of ideas,
religions, and culture.
Several historical sites
have been preserved
along the road. The
Kos Minar, a
milestone, in Ambala
is pictured.[90]
Keibul Lamjao Manipur 2016 v, vii, ix, x Loktak Lake is a large

Conservation Area (mixed) freshwater lake that
features a unique type
of ecosystem called
phumdi, floating
islands consisting of
soil and vegetation.
The area is a mixture
of aquatic, wetland,
and terrestrial
habitats, and is home
to sangai, an
endangered deer
species. There are
several villages on the
shores of the lake, as

well as some
settlements on the
phumdis.[91]
Garo Hills are

inhabited by the Garo
people (a couple
pictured), a tribe that
speaks a language
from the Tibeto-
Burman family. They
practice slash-and-
burn agriculture
regulated by
community rules to
Garo Hills
v, vi, viii, x ensure sustainable
Conservation Area Meghalaya 2018
(mixed) land use. The area is
(GHCA)
interesting from a
geological
perspective, with the
terrain being shaped
by the India–Asia
collision system. The
area is home to Asian
elephant, gaur,
clouded leopard,
sambar deer, and five
species of civet.[92]
The town of Orchha

was founded in the
16th century by the
Bundela clan to serve
as their capital. In the
following century, it
came under Mughal
The historic
Madhya ii, iv influence. The
ensemble of 2019
Pradesh (cultural) architecture of the fort
Orchha
complex, palaces,
temples, and gardens
represent a mixture of
styles from Rajput and
Mughal architecture.
The Jahangir Mahal is
pictured.[93]
Varanasi is a holy city

of Hinduism,
Buddhism, and
Jainism. More than 80
ghats (steps to the
river bank) are located
along the Ganges, the
holy river, and serve as
a place for rituals and
festivals. Varanasi has
Iconic Riverfront of been continuously
iii, iv, vi
the Historic City of Uttar Pradesh 2021 inhabited since at
(cultural)
Varanasi least 1200 BCE, while
the earliest stone
ghats date to the 14th
century. Palatial
buildings, temples,
ashrams, and rest
houses for pilgrims
date to the 18th and
later centuries. The
Ahilya Ghat is
pictured.[94]
Kanchipuram was the

capital of the Pallava
dynasty from the 6th
to the 9th century. It is
a holy Hindu city
which used to have
hundreds of temples.
Temples of iv, vi The architecture
Tamil Nadu 2021
Kanchipuram (cultural) marks the shift from
rock-cut temples to
free-standing
structures. 11 temples
are listed in the
nomination. The
Ekambareswarar
Temple is pictured.[95]
Hire Benakal, Karnataka 2021 iii, iv Hire Benakal is the

Megalithic Site (cultural) largest megalithic site
in India. The dolmens
date to the 1st
millennium BCE to the
Iron Age and provide

information about the
culture that
constructed India's
first large-scale
monuments. Rock
paintings have also
been discovered on
site. Depictions of
human figures, riders,
and animals date
roughly from 700 to
500 BCE, while some
paintings are older,
from the
Mesolithic.[96]
At Bhedaghat, the
Narmada River has
carved a canyon
through a mountain of
white marble
(pictured), creating a
landscape that is both
Bhedaghat-
Madhya vii, viii popular with tourists
Lametaghat in 2021
Pradesh (natural) for its perceived
Narmada Valley
beauty and of special
interest for geologists.
The Lameta Formation
contains several
fossils, including
those of dinosaurs
and crocodilians.[97]
The forests in the

Satpura Range hills
are protected as a
habitat for a large
population of tiger.
Satpura Tiger Madhya vii, ix, x The area acts as a
2021
Reserve Pradesh (natural) faunal bridge between
the Western Ghats and
the Himalayas and is
also home to several
endangered plant
species.[98]
This nomination
comprises 14 forts in
Maharashtra. They are
typically constructed
of basalt rocks on the
hills and were used for
defensive purposes in
Serial Nomination
different historical
of Maratha Military ii, iii, iv
Maharashtra 2021 periods. The forts are
Architecture in (cultural)
connected to the
Maharashtra
Marathi ruler
Chhatrapati Shivaji,
who commissioned
several of them in the
17th century. The
Raigad Fort is
pictured.[99]
This nomination
comprises 10 sites
with geoglyphs in the
Konkan coast. They
date from the
Mesolithic period,
about ten millennia
Geoglyphs of
Maharashtra, i, iii, iv BCE to the second
Konkan Region of 2022
Goa (cultural) millennium BCE. They
India
depict animals, human
figures, and abstract
art, and are related to
the transition from
hunter-gatherer
societies to settled
ones.[100]
Jingkieng jri: Living Meghalaya 2022 i, iii, vi A living root bridge is

Root Bridge Cultural (cultural) a type of simple
Landscapes suspension bridge
formed of living plant
roots by tree shaping.
They are handmade
from the aerial roots
of rubber fig trees
(Ficus elastica) over
several generations
and are common in
the communities of
the Khasi people. The
bridges reflect a
harmonious
relationship between
people and nature. An
example of such a
bridge in Nongriat
village is pictured.[101]
The Hindu temple is

located in the village
of Lepakshi. The
temple's construction
started around 1100,
while the major
development took
place during the
Sri Veerabhadra
period of the
Temple and
Vijayanagara Empire,
Monolithic Bull
from 1350 to 1600,
(Nandi), Lepakshi i, ii, vi
Andhra Pradesh 2022 when a large complex
(The Vijayanagara (cultural)
was built. The temple
Sculpture and
contains important
Painting Art
examples of
Tradition)
Vijayanagara art,
including the only
surviving frescoes
from that period. A
large monolithic bull
(Nandi) is located on
the temple
grounds.[102]
Sun Temple, Gujarat 2022 i, iv (cultural) The temple complex, a

Modhera and its prominent example of
adjoining the Māru-Gurjara style
monuments from the 11th century,
is dedicated to the
Sun God. It has three
components:
Gūḍhamanḍapa, the
shrine hall;
Sabhamanḍapa, the
assembly hall; and
Kunḍa, the
reservoir.[103]
Unakoti features
colossal rock cut
panels and bas relief
sculptures depicting
Rock-cut Sculptures
Hindu deities, which
and Reliefs of the
date from the 8th and
Unakoti, Unakoti Tripura 2022 i, iv (cultural)
9th centuries. They
Range, Unakoti
were created by the
District
adherents of Shaivism,
with the style
influenced by local
folk arts.[104]
The town has been

continuously occupied
since 750 BCE, with
monuments such as
gates (Kirti Toran
pictured), fortresses,
and temples
Vadnagar – A multi-
constructed
layered Historic Gujarat 2022 ii, v (cultural)
throughout different
town, Gujarat
historical periods.
Remains found on site
demonstrate the trade
connections with the
Indo-Greek Kingdom
and the Roman
Empire.[105]
Serial nomination
of Coastal This nomination
Fortifications along Maharashtra 2024 comprises 9 forts in
the Konkan Coast, Maharashtra.[106]
Maharashtra
The Dhamnar Caves

The historic are rock-cut caves
Madhya
ensemble of 2024 dating back to
Pradesh
Dhamnar between the 5th and
7th centuries CE. [107]
The monument
represents the
historical and cultural
heritage of the Gond
people, one of India's
largest indigenous
communities. These
monuments include a
range of architectural
structures such as
forts, palaces, and
temples, reflecting the
rich history and
architectural ingenuity
of the Gond dynasty
The Gond
Madhya that once ruled the
monuments of 2024
Pradesh region. The Gond
Ramnagar, Mandla
monuments are
significant for their
distinctive art and
architectural styles,
which incorporate
local traditions and
materials. They serve
as a testament to the
Gond civilization's
socio-political and
religious life, offering
insights into the
community's way of
life, beliefs, and
governance.[108]
An unfinished Hindu
temple dedicated to
Lord Shiva. Dating
back to the 11th
century, it was
commissioned by the
Paramara king Bhoja,
renowned for his
contributions to art,
literature, and
architecture. The
temple is famed for its
massive lingam, one
of the largest in India,
housed within a
The Bhojeshwar
Madhya spacious sanctum.
Mahadev Temple, 2024
Pradesh Despite its unfinished
Bhojpur
state, the temple
showcases exquisite
architectural
techniques and
carvings characteristic
of medieval Hindu
temple architecture.
The site includes
architectural plans
engraved on the
surrounding rocks,
providing unique
insights into the
construction practices
of the time[109]
Rock Art Sites of Madhya 2024 A series of ancient

the Chambal Valley Pradesh paintings and
engravings that date
back to the Mesolithic
period. These sites
offer a window into
prehistoric life,
showcasing a range of
subjects from daily
activities to sacred
rituals, animals, and
abstract forms. Found
across the rugged

terrain of the valley,
these artworks
demonstrate the early
human inclination
towards expression
and communication.
The variety in styles
and themes across
different periods
provides valuable
insights into the
cultural and social
evolution of early
societies in the
region[110]
Underground water
management system
dating back to the
16th century.
Designed during the
Mughal era, this
network of tunnels is
an engineering marvel
that facilitated water
supply to the city. The
name 'Khooni
Bhandara' translates
to 'Bloody Canal', a
Khooni Bhandara, Madhya moniker that belies its
2024
Burhanpur Pradesh peaceful purpose and
possibly refers to the
challenging conditions
under which it was
constructed. Utilizing
gravity for water flow,
it showcases
advanced hydrological
and architectural
knowledge of the
time. Despite its age,
much of the system
remains functional
today.[111]
A historic military
fortification, built in
the 8th century, is
positioned on a
sandstone hill. It
comprises palaces,
temples, and water
tanks, displaying
various architectural
styles. Key structures
Gwalior Fort, Madhya ii, iv include the Teli ka
2024
Madhya Pradesh Pradesh (cultural) Mandir and Saas-Bahu
Temple. The fort is
notable for its
strategic design and
the use of blue
ceramic tiles for
decoration. It serves
as an important
example of Indian
architecture and
history.[112]
See also
List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in India
National Geological Monuments of India
Monuments of National Importance of India
List of rock-cut temples in India
List of forts in India
List of museums in India
Tourism in India
References
1. "The World Heritage Convention" (https://whc.unesco.org/en/convention/) . UNESCO World Heritage

Centre. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160827065310/https://whc.unesco.org/en/conventi
on/) from the original on August 27, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2010.

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Location of World Heritage Sites in India.

Blue dots are the Hill Forts of Rajasthan

Yellow dots are the Great Living Chola Temples

Pink dots indicate the Mountain Railways of India

World Heritage Sites

The caves at Ajanta

Ellora Caves Maharashtra 1983 243; i, iii, vi The Ellora Caves

with sculptures and

Agra Fort is a 16th-

Taj Mahal Uttar Pradesh 1983 252; i The Taj Mahal is

This Hindu temple

Group of Tamil Nadu 1984 249; i, ii, iii, vi The monuments

This site comprises 23

Group of Karnataka 1986 241bis; i, iii, Hampi was the capital

style. The remains

For about a decade in

Group of Karnataka 1987 239rev; iii, iv This site comprises

dynasty. They were

The cave complex,

The national park

peaks (Nanda Devi at

Sanchi is one of the

The tomb of the

Qutb Minar and its Delhi 1993 233; iv The complex

tombs and other

This site comprises

Mahabodhi Temple Bihar 2002 1056rev; i, ii, The Buddhist temple

Emperor Ashoka in the

This site comprises

Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharashtra 2004 945rev; ii, iv The historic terminal

The site contains

The Jantar Mantar in

Western Ghats Maharashtra, 2012 1342rev; ix, x The Western Ghats is

history, the area is

This site comprises

Rani-ki-Vav (the Gujarat 2014 922; i, iv Rani-ki-Vav is one of

The national park

Khangchendzonga Sikkim 2016 1513; iii, vi, The national park is

This transnational site

Historic City of Gujarat 2017 1551; ii, v The city of

This site comprises

Jaipur was founded by

The Hindu temple,

Dholavira: a Gujarat 2021 1645; iii, iv Dholavira was one of

in the Bronze Age. The

Sacred Ensembles Karnataka 2023 1670; i, ii, iv Three Hoysala

The terracotta temples

The palace was built

Ancient Buddhist Uttar Pradesh 1998 (cultural) This nomination

Sri Harimandir Sahib,

Majuli is a large river

Namdapha Arunachal 2006 vii, ix, x The national park

highest peak is Dapha

Little Rann of Kutch is

The area is covered by

Desert National Rajasthan 2009 vii, viii, x The national park

dating to the Jurassic

The Qutb Shahi Telangana 2010 i, ii, iii, iv This nomination