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EMPOWERMENT
TECHNOLOGIES
Innovative Training Works, Inc.
APPLIED TRACK
CONTEXTUALIZEDSUBJECTS First Edition
 Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies

The state of ICT technologies

Online systems, functions, and platforms

Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:

1 . improve their knowledge on how ICT affects their everyday lives and the
state of our nation;
2. compare and contrast the differences between online platforms, sites, and
content;
3. understand the features of Web 2.0;
4. understand the future of the World Wide Web through Web 3.0; and
5. learn the different trends in ICT and use them to their advantage.
 Name: Score:

Section: Date:

Multiple Choice: Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
1 . A web page that allows interaction from the user
a. static c. social
b. dynamic d. comment

2. This refers to the feature where users are able to categorize and locate information
through tagging.
a. hashtags c. taxonomy
b. folksonomy d. rich user experience

3. A feature of a dynamic website that allows users to put their own content
a. rich user experience c. user participation
b. long tail d. mass participation

4. It provides a common framework to allow data to be shared and reused across

platform, enterprise, and community boundaries.
a. W3C c. Web 1.0
b. Semantic Web d. Web 2.0

5. According to this magazine, two Philippine cities are part of the top 10 in their
research about "The Selfiest Cities around the World."
a. People c. Reader's Digest
b. Time d. Candy

6. This is the operating system for blackberry phones. a.

Blackberry OS c. Windows Mobile b, Symbian
d. iOS

7. Pinterest is a social media website that can be classified as

a. bookmarking site c. microblogging

b. media sharing d. blogs and forums

8. Currently, this is the fastest mobile network.
a. c.
b. d.

9. This media is designed to help people who have visual and reading
impairments.
assistive bookmark
b. social accessibility

10. This type of social media website focuses on short updates posted by the
user.
blogging social media
b. microblogging hashtagging
 Lesson Motivation
Form groups with five members each. Take turns answering the questions
below. Answer the following honestly.
HÔw many times have you checked your phone this morning?
2. How many status updates have you posted in Facebook or Twitter today?
3. Did you use the Internet for an hour after you woke up this morning?
4. Do you follow a celebrity via his/her sòcial media account?

If you happen to be "guilty as charged" in most of these questions, chances are,

you are a digital native. And chances are, from the moment you were born, you were
surrounded by technology. You are surrounded by ICT.

Lesson Discussion

As the popular saying goes, "Love makes the world go round." But before you
start looking for someone to fall in love with, you could argue how the Internet has
made the world go round for decades. Likewise in the motivation activity, the Internet
has probably made your world go round. In this lesson, we will understand how
 Information and Communication Technologies have improved our lives in such.a
short period of time.

Information and Communication Technologies

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) deals with the use of different
communication technologies such as mobile phones, telephone, Internet, etc. to
locate, save, send, and edit information.
When we make a video call, we use the Internet. When we send a text or make
a call, we use cellular networks. When we run out of load or battery, we use
payphones which use a telephöne network. Having a unified way to communicate is
one of the goals of ICT. In terms of economics, ICT has saved companies a lot of
resources (time and money) with the kind of communication technology they use,
nowadays. In a similar way, we spend less because of ICT. As it normally costs us a
peso to send a text message or SMS, with the Internet, we can send multiple
messages and only be charged by a fraction.

ICT in the Philippines

Several international companies dub the Philippines as the "ICT Hub of Asia." It
is no secret that there is a huge growth of ICT-related jobs around the country, one of
which is the call center or BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) centers.
According to the 2013 edition of Measuring the Information Society by the
International Telecommunication Union, there are 106.8 cellphones per 100 Filipinos
in the year 2012. That would mean that forevery 1 00 Filipinos you meet, there is a
high chance that they have a cellphone and approximately for the seven of them,
they have two.
 In a data gathered by the Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industries,
NSC), in 2010, the ICT industry shares 19.3% of the total employment population
here in the Philippines.
To add to these statistics, Time Magazine's "The Selfiest Cities around the
World" of 2013 places two cities from the Philippines in the top 1 and top 10 spots.
The study was conducted using Instagram, a popular photo sharing application.
With these numbers, there is no doubt that the Philippines is one of the countries
that benefits most out of ICT.

Web 2.0: Dynamic Web Pages

The Internet has been a vital tool to our modern lives that is why it is also important
to make the best of the Internet.
When the World Wide Web was invented, most web pages were static. Static
(also known as flat page or stationary page) in the sense that the page is "as is" and
cannot be manipulated by the user. The content is also the same for all users. This
is referred to as Web
1 .0.
However, the World Wide Web is more than just static pages. Pretty soon, Web
2.0 came to the picture.
Web 2.0 is a term coined by Darcy DiNucci on January 1999. In her article titled,
"Fragmented Future," she wrote:

The Web we know now, which loads into a browser window in essentially
static screenfuls, is only an embryo of the Web to come. The first
glimmerings of Web 2.0 are beginning to appear, and we are just starting
to see how that embryo might develop.

Web 2.0 is the evolution of Web 1.0 by adding dynamic web pages—the user is
able to see a website differently than others. Examples of Web 2.0 include social
networking sites, blogs, wikis, video sharing sites, hosted services, and web
applications. Web 2.0 allows users to interact with the page: instead of just reading a
page, the user may be able to comment or create a user account. Web 2.0 also
allows users to use web browsers instead of just using their operating system.
Browsers can now be used for their user interface, application software (or web
applications), and even for file storage. Most websites that we visit today are Web
2.0.
Features of Web 2.0
The key features of Web 2.0 include:
Folksonomy - allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information
using freely chosen keywords (e.g., tagging). Popular social networking sites
such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, etc. use tags that start with the pound
sign (#). This is also referred to as hashtag.
2. Rich User Experience - content is dynamic and is responsive to user's input.
An example would be a website that shows local content. In the case of
social networking sites, when logged on, your account is used to modify
what you see in their website.
3. User Participation - the owner of the website is not the only one who is able
to put content. Others are able to place a content of their own by means of
comments, reviews, and evaluation. Some websites allow readers to
comment on an article, participate in a poll, or review a specific product
(e.g., Amazon.com, online stores).
4. Long Tail - services that are offered on demand rather than on a one-time
purchase. In certain cases, time-based pricing is better than file size-based
pricing or vice versa. This is synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that
charges you for the amount of time you spent in the Internet, or a data plan
that charges you for the amount of bandwidth you used.
5. Software as a Service - users will subscribe to a software only when
needed rather than purchasing them. This is a cheaper option if you do not
always need to use a software. For instance, Google Docs is a free web-
based application that allows the user to create and edit word processing
and spreadsheet documents online. When you need a software, like a
Word Processor, you can purchase it for a one-time huge amount and
install it in your computer and it is yours forever. Software as a service
allows you to "rent" a software for a minimal fee.
6. Mass Participation - diverse information sharing through universal web
access. Since most users can use the Internet, Web 2.0's content is based
on people from various cultures.

Web 3.0 and the Semantic Web

The Semantic Web is a movement led by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
The W3C standard encourages web developers to include semantic content in their
web pages. The term was coined by the inventor of the World Wide Web, Tim
Berners-Lee. Lee also noted that the Semantic Web is a component for Web 3.0.
 According to the W3C, "The Semantic Web provides a common framework that
allows data to be shared and reused across application, enterprise, and community
boundaries!' The aim of Web 3.0 is to have machines (or servers) understand the
user's preferences to be able to deliver web content specifically targeting the user.
For example, when doing a web search in Web 2.0, the topmost result is based on
the preference of several users who already searched for the item, The search
engine then labels it the most common answer to the search query. Though there
are instances wherein several preferences are considered like geographic location,
Web 3.0 aims to do better. This is through studying personal preferences of an
individual user and showing results based on those preferences. The Internet is able
to predict the best possible answers to your question by "learning" from your
previous choices.
For example, if you search the Internet for "Where is the best place to go
shopping?"
Web 3.0 will aim to give you results depending on how you have made choices in the
past. If you have purchased several shoes online, the Internet will give you results on
the best place with the highest rated shoes around your vicinity.
Another example is when you search for the best restaurant to visit in a specific
area. First, it may look for your previous visits from other restaurants and if you have
rated them whether good or bad. In return, Web 3.0 will search for restaurants that
have a similar menu, good rating, and budget that fit your preference in the past.
Web 3.0 is yet to be fully realized because of several problems:

Compatibility. HTML files and current web browsers could not support Web
3.0.
2. Security. The user's security is also in question since the machine is saving
his or her preferences.
3. Vastness. The World Wide Web already contains billions of web pages.
4. Vagueness. Certain words are imprecise. The words "old" and "small" would
depend on the user.
5. Logic. Since machines use logic, there are certain limitations for a computer
to be able to predict what the user is referring to at a given time.

Trends in ICT
As the world of ICT continues to grow, the industry has focused on several
innovations. These innovations cater to the needs of the people that benefit most out
of ICT. Whether it is for business or personal use, these trends are the current front
runners in the innovation of ICT.
1. Convergence
 Technological convergence is the synergy of technological advancements
to work on a similar goal or task. For example, besides using your personal
computer to create word documents, you can now use your smartphone. It can
also use cloud technologies to sync files from one device to another while also
using LTE technology which means you can access your files anytime,
anywhere. Convergence is using several technologies to accomplish a task
conveniently.
2. Social Media
Social media is a website, application, or online channel that enables web
users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated
content. According to Nielsen, a global information and measurement company,
Internet users spend more time in social media sites than in any other type of
site. With this, more and more advertisers use social media to promote their
product.

There are six types of social media:

a. Social Networks. These are sites that allow you to connect with other
people with the same interests or background. Once a user creates his or
her account, he or she can set up a profile, add people, create groups, and
share content. Examples: Facebook and Google+
b. Bookmarking Sites. These are sites that allow you to store and manage
links to various websites and resources. Most of these sites allow you to
create a tag that
allows you and others to easily search or share them. Examples:
StumbleUpon and Pinterest
c. Social News. These are sites that allow users to post their own news items
or links to other news sources. The users can also comment on the post
and comments may also be ranked. They are also capable of voting on
these news articles of the website. Those who get the most amount of
votes are shown most prominently. Examples: reddit and Digg
d. Media Sharing. These are sites that allow you to upload and share media
content like images, music, and video. Most of these sites have additional
social features like liking, commenting, and having user profiles. Examples:
Flicker, YouTube, and Instagram
e. Microblogging. These are sites that focus on short updates from the user.
Those subscribed to the user will be able to receive these updates.
Examples: Twitter and Plurk
Blogs and Forums. These websites allow users to post their content. Other
users are able to comment on the said topic. There are several free
 blogging platforms like Blogger, WordPress, and Tumblr. On the other
hand, forums are typically part of a certain website or web service.

3. Mobile Technologies
The popularity of smartphones and tablets has taken a major rise over the
years. This is largely because of the devices'capability to do tasks that were
originally found in personal computers. Several of these devices are capable of
using high-speed Internet. Today, the latest mobile devices use 4G Networking
(LTE), which is currently the fastest mobile network. Also, mobile devices use
different operating systems:
a. iOS - used in Apple devices such as the iPhone and iPad
b. Android — an open source operating system developed by Google. Being
open source means several mobile phone companies use this OS for free.
c. Blackberry OS - used in Blackberry devices
d. Windows Phone OS - a closed source and proprietary operating system
developed by Microsoft@
Symbian - the original smartphone OS; used by Nokia devices
f. WebOS - originally used for smartphones; now used for smart TVs
g. Windows Mobile - developed by Microsoft@ for smartphones and pocket
PCs
4. Assistive Media
Assistive media is a nonprofit service designed to help people who have
visual and reading impairments. A database of audio recordings is used to read
to the user. You may visit http://www.assistivemedia.org/for several of their
audio recordings.

Take the Challenge!

Research on one momentous event in Philippine history wherein ICT played a
huge role in making it a success.

Terms
Web 1.0 — static websites without interactivity
Web 2.0 - websites that contain dynamic content
Web 3.0 - a concept of the World Wide Web that is designed to cater to the
individual user
Static - refers to web pages that are the same regardless of the user
Dynamic - refers to web pages that are affected by user input or
preference
Folksonomy — allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information
 Hashtag - used to "categorize" posts in website
Convergence - the synergy of technological advancements to work on a
similar goal or task
Social media - websites, applications, or online channels that enable users
to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated
content

Summary
Information and Communications Technology or ICT plays an integral part in
the development of the Philippine economy. The Philippines is dubbed as the "ICT
Hub of Asia." When Tim Berners-Lee created the Internet, most web pages were
static, which are now referred to as Web 1.0. A static web page is a page that has
content that the user cannot manipulate. On the other hand, a dynamic web page,
introduced in Web 2.0, is a page where its contents depend on the user or the
website visitor.

There are several key features of Web 2.0, namely, folksonomy, rich user
experience, user participation, long tail services, software as a service, and mass
participation. Folksonomy deals with information tagging; rich user experience deals
with how a site uses user information for a personalized content; user participation
means that those who view the website can also put their own information; long tail
services offer services on demand as opposed to a one-time purchase; software as a
service contains how user would subscribe to a software as opposed to purchasing
them; and mass participation deals with diverse information sharing through
universal web access. Web 3.0 aims. to improve on Web 2.0 by adding user-specific
content through user preferences. However, the realization of Web 3.0 is hampered
by several problems, namely, compatibility, security, vastness, vagueness, and logic.
The trends in ICT include convergence, social media, mobile technologies, and
assistive learning.
Name:Score:
Section:Date:
POST-Test
True or False: Write T if the sentence is correct; otherwise, write F on the
blank before each item.
1 . Tim Berners-Lee created the World Wide Web.
2. People Magazine conducted the research on "The Selfiest
Cities in the World."
I 3. Web 2.0 introduced static web pages that allow users to
interact with the web page.
I 4. Folksonomy allows users to categorize and locate
information.
5. Technological convergence is the synergy of technological
advancements to work on a similar goal or task.
I 6. According to Nielsen, users who use the Internet spend
more time in social media sites than in any other type of site.
7. Blogging sites are sites that focus on short updates from the user.

8. Android is a mobile operating system for Apple devices.

Assistive media is a nonprofit service designed to help people
who have visual and reading impairments.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) deals with
the use of different communications technology to locate, save, send, and edit
information.
ll. Write SO if the social media website is a social network, BS for
bookmarking site, SN for social news, MS for media sharing, MI for
microblogging, and BF for blogs and forums.
Facebook
2. Plurk

3. Twitter
Tumblr

6 Googl reddit
. e+

7 Insta
. gram

8 Pinter
. est

9 Blogg
. er

1 Stum
bleUp
0 on
.