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PCS-9613 X Instruction Manual en Overseas General X R3.00
PCS-9613 X Instruction Manual en Overseas General X R3.00
Differential Relay
Instruction Manual
Preface
Introduction
This guide and the relevant operating or service manual documentation for the equipment provide
full information on safe handling, commissioning and testing of this equipment.
Documentation for equipment ordered from NR Electric Co., Ltd. is dispatched separately from
manufactured goods and may not be received at the same time. Therefore this guide is provided
to ensure that printed information normally present on equipment is fully understood by the
recipient.
Before carrying out any work on the equipment, the user should be familiar with the contents of
this manual and read relevant chapters carefully.
This chapter describes the safety precautions recommended when using the equipment. Before
installing and using the equipment, this chapter must be thoroughly read and understood.
The information in this chapter of the equipment documentation is intended to ensure that
equipment is properly installed and handled in order to maintain it in a safe condition.
When electrical equipment is in operation, dangerous voltages will be present in certain parts of
the equipment. Failure to observe warning notices, incorrect use, or improper use may endanger
personnel and equipment and cause personal injury or physical damage.
Before working in the terminal strip area, the equipment must be isolated.
Proper and safe operation of the equipment depends on appropriate shipping and handling,
proper storage, installation and commissioning, and on careful operation, maintenance and
servicing. For this reason only qualified personnel may work on or operate the equipment.
Are familiar with the installation, commissioning, and operation of the equipment and of the
system to which it is being connected;
Are able to safely perform switching operations in accordance with accepted safety
engineering practices and are authorized to energize and de-energize equipment and to
isolate, ground, and label it;
Are trained in the care and use of safety apparatus in accordance with safety engineering
practices;
DANGER! means that death, severe personal injury and considerable equipment damage
will occur if safety precautions are disregarded.
WARNING! means that death, severe personal and considerable equipment damage
could occur if safety precautions are disregarded.
CAUTION! means that light personal injury or equipment damage may occur if safe ty
precautions are disregarded.
NOTICE! is particularly applies to damage to device and to resulting damage of the protected
equipment.
DANGER!
NEVER allow the current transformer (CT) secondary circuit connected to this
equipment to be opened while the primary system is live. Opening the CT circuit will
produce a dangerously high voltage.
WARNING!
ONLY qualified personnel should work on or in the vicinity of this device. This personnel
MUST be familiar with all safety regulations and service procedures described in this
manual. During operating of electrical device, certain part of the device is under high
voltage. Severe personal injury and significant device damage could result from
improper behavior.
WARNING!
Do NOT touch the exposed terminals of this device while the power supply is on. The
generated high voltage causes death, injury, and device damage.
WARNING!
Thirty seconds is NECESSARY for discharging the voltage. Hazardous voltage can be
present in the DC circuit just after switching off the DC power supply.
CAUTION!
Earthing
Operating environment
ONLY use the device within the range of ambient environment and in an
environment free of abnormal vibration.
Ratings
Check the input ratings BEFORE applying AC voltage/current and power supply to
the device.
Do NOT attach or remove printed circuit board if the device is powered on.
External circuit
Check the supply voltage used when connecting the device output contacts to
external circuits, in order to prevent overheating.
Connection cable
NOTICE!
& AND gate: all the input signals are “1”, then the output is “1”
OR gate: anyone the input signals is “1”, then the output is “1”
t 0
Timer: pickup with delay “t”, dropout without delay
0 t
Timer: pickup without delay, dropout with delay “t”
t1 t2
Timer: pickup with delay “t1”, dropout with delay “t2”
We reserve all rights to this document and to the information contained herein. Improper use in particular reproduction and d issemination
to third parties is strictly forbidden except where expressly authorized.
The information in this manual is carefully checked periodically, and necessary corrections will be included in future editions. If
nevertheless any errors are detected, suggestions for correction or improvement are greatly appreciated.
Documentation Structure
The manual provides a functional and technical description of this relay and a comprehensive set
of instructions for the relay’s use and application.
1 Introduction
Briefly introduce the application, functions and features about this relay.
2 Technical Data
Introduce the technical data about this relay, such as electrical specifications, mechanical
specifications, ambient temperature and humidity range, communication port parameters, type
tests, setting ranges and accuracy limits and the certifications that our products have passed.
3 Operation Theory
Introduce a comprehensive and detailed functional description of all protective elements.
4 Supervision
Introduce the automatic self-supervision function of this relay.
5 Management Function
Introduce the management functions (metering, control and recording etc.) of this relay.
6 Hardware
Introduce the main function carried out by each module of this relay and providing the definition of
pins of each module.
7 Settings
List of all the settings and their ranges and step sizes, together with a brief explanation of each
setting and some notes about the setting application.
9 Configurable Function
Introduce the configurable function (such as protection function configuration, LED configuration,
binary input configuration and binary output configuration etc.) of this relay.
10 Communication
Introduce the communication port and protocol which this relay can support, the IEC60970 -5-103,
IEC61850 and DNP3.0 protocols are introduced in details.
11 Installation
Introduce the recommendations on unpacking, handling, inspection and storage of th is relay. A
guide to the mechanical and electrical installation of this relay is also provided, incorporating
earthing recommendations. A typical wiring connection to this relay is indicated.
12 Commissioning
Introduce how to commission this relay, comprising checks on the calibration and functionality of
this relay.
13 Maintenance
A general maintenance policy for this relay is outlined.
1 Introduction
Table of Contents
1.1 Application.....................................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Functions .......................................................................................................................1-2
1.3 Features..........................................................................................................................1-3
List of Figures
1.1 Application
The PCS-9613 relay is a differential protection, control and monitoring unit for the feeder line on
solidly grounded system, impedance grounded system, Peterson coil grounded system and
ungrounded system. This relay is suitable for wall surface mounted indoors or outdoors or flush
mounted into a control panel.
This relay can sample the analog values from the traditional instrument transformers, or receive
the sampled values from the electronic current and voltage transformers (via a merging unit). The
binary inputs and outputs of this relay can be configured according to the demands of a practical
engineering through the PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary software, which can meet some
special requirements of protection and control functions.
This relay can fully support the IEC61850 communication protocol and GOOSE function, and can
completely meet the demands of a modern digitalized substation.
Busbar
1
PCS-9613
52
25 79 VTS
3
27 59 49
3
FO Channel
87L
3 PCS-9613
1.2 Functions
The functions of this relay include protective functions, management functions and auxiliary testing
functions, and the functions of this relay are listed in the following tables.
Protective functions
Protective Functions
87L Current differential protection
50P Instantaneous overcurrent protection
51P Time overcurrent protection
67P Directional overcurrent protection
50G Instantaneous zero sequence overcurrent protection
51G Time zero sequence overcurrent protection
67G Directional zero sequence overcurrent protection
51SG Sensitive earth fault protection
67SG Directional sensitive earth fault protection
49 Thermal overload protection
27 Undervoltage protection
59 Overvoltage protection
46 Negative sequence overcurrent protection
46BC Broken conductor protection
50BF Breaker failure Protection
79 Three-pole auto-recloser (Up to 4 shots)
25 Synchronism check function
SOTF Switch onto fault logic
MR Mechanical protection
AI Analog inputs
Voltage and current drift auto adjustment
Self supervision
VTS Voltage transformer supervision
CTS Current transformer supervision
Binary inputs
Binary outputs
Management functions
Management Functions
Metering
Circuit breaker status monitoring
2 Circuit breaker control
TCS Tripping circuit supervision
Multiple setting groups
Control inputs
1.3 Features
This device is based on a 32-bit high performance dual-core processor, internal high speed
bus and intelligent I/O ports, and the hardware is in module design and can be configured
flexibly, featuring interchangeability and easy extension and maintenance.
Modularized hardware design makes this relay be easily upgraded or repaired by a qualified
service person. Various function optional modules can satisfy various situations according to
the different requirements of the users.
The adoption of 16-bit A/D converter and the dual-channel sampling technology can ensure
the accuracy and reliability of protection sampling and the correctness of protection operation.
It is also provides dedicated current transformers for metering, and ensures the high accuracy
of telemetering with 48-point high speed sampling rate per cycle.
This device can sample the analog values from the traditional instrument transformers, or
receive the sampled values from the electronic transformers. It can support the protocol
IEC60044-8, IEC61850-9-2 and GOOSE.
Various algorithms for protection and measurement have been comple ted in this device for
the feature of electronic transformer sampling, such as the error prevention method of
multi-algorithms data anomaly for the digital channels, to realize high accuracy and reliability
under various conditions of network faults or communication interruption.
This device has powerful GOOSE functions, and the connection and cooperation between
some devices can be realized without using electrical cables, to facilitate the realization of
such functions as simple bus differential protection, overload interlock shedding function and
backup automatic transfer function etc.
This device has fully realized the technology to integrate six functions into one device:
protection, measurement, control, remote signaling, merging unit function and remote module
functions, to improve the reliability.
Various methods of GPS time synchronization are supported in this relay, including SNTP,
pulse per second (PPS) and IRIG-B synchronization.
The protection modules are completely separated from other modules, and are independent
in both hardware and software. The protection functions do not depend on the communication
network, so the failure of communication network will not affect the normal operation of the
protection functions.
Mature protection configuration, fast speed and high security performance can meet the
practical requirements. Each protective element is independent, so it is very convenient for
whether adopting the selected protective element.
This device constantly measures and calculates a large amount of analog quantities, such as
phase voltage, phase-to-phase voltage, neutral voltage, phase current, neutral current, active
power, reactive power, power factor and frequency etc.
The human machine interface (HMI) with a small control module (a 240×128-dot LCD, a 9-key
keypad and 20 LED indicators) on the front panel is very friendly and convenient to the user.
This device can communicate with a SAS or RTU via different communication intermediates:
Ethernet network, RS-485 serial ports. The communication protocol of this device is optional:
IEC61850, IEC60870-5-103, DNP3.0 or ModBus.
This device can detect the tripping circuit of the circuit breaker and monitor the operation
(close or trip) time of a circuit breaker by checking the auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker.
Complete event recording function is provided: 64 latest protection operation reports, 1024
latest supervision records, 1024 latest control operation records, 1024 latest user operation
records and 1024 latest records of time tagged sequence of event (SOE) can be recorded.
Powerful fault and disturbance recording function is supported: 64 latest fault or disturbance
waves, the duration of a wave recording is configurable.
2 Technical Data
Table of Contents
Medium Parameters
Port number 3 or 4
Connector type RJ-45
Transmission rate 100Mbits/s
Electrical Transmission standard 100Base-TX
Transmission distance < 100m
Protocol IEC60870-5-103:1997, IEC61850 etc.
Safety le vel Isolation to ELV level
Ethernet Port number 2
Connector type ST
Transmission rate 100Mbits/s
Transmission standard 100Base-FX
Optical
Optical fiber type Multi-mode
Wavelength 1300nm
Transmission distance < 1500m
Protocol IEC60870-5-103:1997, IEC61850 etc.
Medium Parameters
Port number 0 or 2
Baud rate 4800 ~ 115200bps
Transmission distance < 500m @ 4800bps
RS-485 (EIA)
Ma ximal capacity 32
Protocol IEC60870-5-103:1997, DNP3.0 etc.
Safety le vel Isolation to ELV level
Medium Parameters
Port number 1
Baud rate 4800 ~ 115200bps
RS-232 (EIA)
Printer type EPSON ® LQ-300K
Safety le vel Isolation to ELV level
Medium Parameters
Port number 1
Transmission distance < 500m
RS-485 (EIA) Ma ximal capacity 32
Timing standard PPS, IRIG-B
Safety le vel Isolation to ELV level
Medium Parameters
Port number 1
Connector type RJ-45
Electrical Ethernet Transmission rate 100Mbits/s
(in front panel) Transmission standard 100Base-TX
Transmission distance < 100m
Safety le vel Isolation to ELV level
2.4 Certification
ISO9001: 2008
ISO14001: 2004
OHSAS18001: 2007
ISO10012: 2003
CMMI L5
3 Operation Theory
Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 3.3-1 Demonstration system for the current differential protection......................... 3-3
Figure 3.3-3 Logic diagram of the stage 1 differential protection of phase A ..................... 3-6
Figure 3.3-4 Logic diagram of the stage 1 differential protection ........................................ 3-7
Figure 3.3-6 Logic diagram of the stage 2 differential protection of phase A ..................... 3-8
Figure 3.3-7 Logic diagram of the stage 2 differential protection ........................................ 3-9
Figure 3.3-8 Logic diagram of the inter-tripping function of phase A................................ 3-10
Figure 3.4-2 Logic diagram of the stage 1 overcurrent protection .................................... 3-13
Figure 3.4-3 Logic diagram of the stage 5 overcurrent protection .................................... 3-14
Figure 3.4-4 Logic diagram of the stage 4 overcurrent protection .................................... 3-16
Figure 3.4-5 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A voltage control element ......................... 3-17
Figure 3.4-7 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A directional element ................................ 3-19
Figure 3.4-8 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A harmonic blocking element ................... 3-20
Figure 3.5-1 Logic diagram of the zero sequence overcurrent protection ........................ 3-24
Figure 3.5-2 Logic diagram of the stage 4 zero sequence IDMT overcurrent protection.. 3-25
Figure 3.5-3 Operation characteristic of the ROC directional element .............................. 3-26
Figure 3.5-4 Logic diagram of the directional element for the ROC1 protection .............. 3-27
Figure 3.5-5 Logic diagram of the ROC1 harmonic blocking element ............................... 3-27
Figure 3.6-1 Logic diagram for the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection...................... 3-30
Figure 3.6-2 Logic diagram of the IDMT sensitive earth fault protection .......................... 3-31
Figure 3.6-3 Operation characteristic of the SEF directional element ............................... 3-32
Figure 3.6-4 Logic diagram of the directional element for the stage 1 SEF protection .... 3-32
Figure 3.8-1 Logical diagram of the stage 2 NOC protection ............................................. 3-37
Figure 3.8-2 Logic diagram of the IDMT negative sequence overcurrent protection ....... 3-38
Figure 3.9-1 Logic diagram of the broken conductor protection ....................................... 3-39
Figure 3.10-2 Timing for a typical breaker failure scenario ................................................ 3-41
Figure 3.12-1 Logic diagram of the system lost voltage for the UV1 protection............... 3-45
Figure 3.12-2 Logic diagram of the stage 1 undervoltage protection ................................ 3-45
Figure 3.13-1 Logic diagram of the stage 1 overvoltage protection .................................. 3-47
Figure 3.14-1 Logic diagram of the No.1 mechanical protection ....................................... 3-49
Figure 3.15-1 Timing diagram for a successful second reclosing ..................................... 3-51
Figure 3.15-2 Timing diagram for an unsuccessful one-shot reclosing ............................ 3-52
Figure 3.15-5 Logic diagram of the synchronism check element for AR .......................... 3-55
Figure 3.15-6 Logic diagram of the dead check element for AR ........................................ 3-56
Figure 3.16-2 Logic diagram of the synchronism check element for manual closing ...... 3-60
Figure 3.16-3 Logic diagram of the dead check element for manual closing.................... 3-61
3.1 Overview
The PCS-9613 relay is a microprocessor based relay which can provide matur e protection for the
feeder line. The following sections detail the individual protection functions of this relay.
NOTICE!
In each functional element, the signal input [XXXX.En1] is used for inputting the
enabling signals; and the signal input [XXXX.Blk] is used for inputting the blocking
signals. The “XXXX” is the name code of the functional element (such as “50/51P1”,
“49”, “50/51G2” etc.). They can be configured through the PCS-Explorer configuration
tool auxiliary software. If the signal input [XXXX.En1] is not used, its default value is “1”;
and if the signal input [XXXX.Blk] is not used, its default value is “0”.
The fault detector will operate if any of the following conditions is satisfied.
1. The startup conditions of the auto-recloser are satisfied if the auto-recloser is enabled and
ready for operating.
2. The fault detector of the current differential protection picks up if the current differential
protection is enabled, please see Section 3.3.1.
3. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of the setting of the stage 1 overcurrent protection
multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 overcurrent protection is enabled.
4. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of the setting of the stage 2 overcurrent protection
multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 2 overcurrent protection is enabled.
5. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of the setting of the stage 3 overcurrent protection
multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 3 overcurrent protection is enabled.
6. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of the setting of the stage 4 overcurrent protection
multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 4 overcurrent protection is enabled.
7. The zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 1 zero sequence
overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 zero sequence overcurrent protection
is enabled.
8. The zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 2 zero sequence
overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 2 zero sequence overcurrent protection
is enabled.
9. The zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 3 zero sequence
overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 3 zero sequence overcurrent protection
is enabled.
10. The zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 4 zero sequence
overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 4 zero sequence overcurrent protection
is enabled.
11. The sensitive earth fault current is in excess of the current setting of the stage 1 sensitive
earth fault protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection is
enabled.
12. The sensitive earth fault current is in excess of the current setting of the stage 2 sensitive
earth fault protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 2 sensitive earth fault protection is
enabled.
13. The sensitive earth fault current is in excess of the current setting of the stage 3 sensitive
earth fault protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 3 sensitive earth fault protection is
enabled.
14. The sensitive earth fault current is in excess of the current setting of the stage 4 sensitive
earth fault protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 4 sensitive earth fault protection is
enabled.
15. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of the setting of the SOTF overcurrent protection
multiplied by 0.97 if the SOTF overcurrent protection is enabled.
16. The zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the zero sequence SOTF overcurrent
protection multiplied by 0.97 if the zero sequence SOTF overcurrent protection is enabled.
17. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of [49.K_Trp]×[49.Ib_Set] if the thermal overload
protection is enabled.
18. The negative sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 1 negative sequence
overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 negative sequence overcurrent
protection is enabled.
19. The negative sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 2 negative sequence
overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 2 negative sequence overcurrent
protection is enabled.
20. The ratio of negative to positive phase sequence current (I2/I1) is in excess of the ratio setting
of the broken conductor protection multiplied by 0.95 if the broken conductor protection is
enabled.
21. Any one of the initiation signals of the breaker failure protection is detected if the breaker
failure protection is enabled.
22. The voltages are less than the setting of the stage 1 undervoltage protection multiplied by the
dropout coefficient setting of the stage 1 undervoltage protection if the stage 1 undervoltage
protection is enabled.
23. The voltages are less than the setting of the stage 2 undervoltage protection multiplied by the
dropout coefficient setting of the stage 2 undervoltage protection if the stage 2 undervoltage
protection is enabled.
24. The voltages are greater than the setting of the stage 1 overvoltage protection multiplied by
the dropout coefficient setting of the stage 1 overvoltage protection if the stage 1 overvoltage
protection is enabled.
25. The voltages are greater than the setting of the stage 2 overvoltage protection multiplied by
the dropout coefficient setting of the stage 2 overvoltage protection if the stage 2 overvoltage
protection is enabled.
26. If anyone the binary inputs of the mechanical protections is energized if the corresponding
mechanical protection is enabled.
If the auto-recloser is enabled, the FD (Fault Detector) element will reset to normal operation
status after the auto-recloser is reset; otherwise, the FD element will reset 500ms later after the
last one of the above items is reverted.
52 52
L FO channel for data interchange R
PCS-9613 PCS-9613
It needs two PCS-9613 relays for a protected feeder line, and a dedicated fiber optical channel is
adopted for data interchange. In the two PCS-9613 relays, one works as reference side (master
side) and another works as synchronization side (slave side).
The data interchange is processed through a synchronization mode. The sampling time interval of
the reference side (master side) is fixed, and it will transmit a data frame to the synchronization
side (slave side). Then the synchronization side (slave side) will modulate the sampling time
interval to ensure the sampled data of two sides is synchronized.
(1) The maximum unidirectional transmission delay of optical channel is not greater than 8ms.
To improve the reliability of the data interchange of the current differential protection, this relay
contains two setting [FO.LocID] and [FO.RmtID] as channel identification code for identifying the
interchanged data. The setting [FO.LocID] should be set as unique in whole system, and the
setting [FO.RmtID] is set as same as the opposite device which can interchange data with this
device.
Two settings should be set as different values in normal operation situation. And if the setting
[FO.LocID] is greater than the setting [FO.RmtID], this relay will work as master (reference side);
otherwise, this relay will work as slave (synchronization side). For commissioning, the two settings
can be set as same values if the transmission terminal connects with the reception terminal
directly.
The setting [FO.LocID] is contained in the transmission data frame, and the opposite device will
check whether the identification code of the received data frame is same as the setting [FO.RmtID]
of the opposite device. If the two identification codes are not same, the current differential
protection will be disabled at once and the alarm signals [FO.Alm_ID] and [FO.Alm] will be issued
100ms later. If the data interchange recovers normally, these alarm signals will restore 1s later.
This element adopts an adaptive floating threshold which consists of the unbalanced output of
deviation. The adaptive floating threshold is kept higher than the unbalanced output all along,
which makes it not pick up frequently and have an extremely high sensitivity and reliability. By
using the adaptive floating threshold, the unbalanced output value is small under normal condition,
so this element has extremely high sensitivity. If the power swing occurs, the adaptive floating
threshold increases while the sensitivity decreases automatically, so it is not influenced by the
power swing condition and need not be controlled by the power swing blocking element.
I MAX 1 . 25 I Th I Set
Where:
“ΔIΦΦMA X” (ΦΦ: AB, BC or CA) is the maximum half-wave integration value of phase-to-phase
current;
If any phase current is greater than the setting of the overcurrent fault detector of the differential
protection (i.e. the setting [87L.I_OC_FD]), the phase overcurrent fault detector will pick up.
If the zero sequence current from dedicated CT and the self-calculated zero sequence current are
greater than the setting of the zero sequence overcurrent fault detector of the current differential
protection (i.e. the setting [87L.3I0_ROC_FD]), the zero sequence overcurrent fault detector will
pick up.
I d 0 . 6 I r
I I
d H
I I I
d L R
I r IL IR
Where:
The operation characteristic of the stage 1 current differential protection is shown as below.
IdΦ
0. 6
k=
IH
O IrΦ
The stage 1 current differential protection operates without any time delay.
The logic diagram of the stage 1 current differential protection of phase A is shown as below.
[87L.En]
& 87L.Sig_BlkDiff_Loc
[87L.En1]
[87L.Blk] &
[FO.Alm]
[FO.En]
&
87L.Sig_BlkDiff_Rmt
Flg_2ndHarmBlk_A
& Flg_Diff1_Meet_A
Flg_3rdHarmBlk_A
Ida,Ira
IH
Flg_Diff_PickUp
&
87L.Sig_PermA_Rmt
&
Flg_Diff1_Op_A
[87L.En_LocDiff]
&
87L.Sig_IntTrpA_Rmt &
[87L.En_IntTrp]
Where:
[FO.Alm] is the alarm signal of the fiber optical channel, see Section 3.3.1;
[FO.En] is the logic setting for enabling or disabling the FO communication function;
“87L.Sig_BlkDiff_Rmt” is the blocking signal of the differential protection which is from the
opposite device for blocking the differential protection of local device;
“Flg_2ndHarmBlk_A” is the 2nd harmonic blocking signal of phase A, see Section 3.3.3.4;
“Flg_3rdHarmBlk_A” is the 3rd harmonic blocking signal of phase A, see Section 3.3.3.4;
“Ida” and “Ira” is the differential current and restraint current of phase A respectively;
“Flg_Diff_PickUp” is the signal means the fault detector of the differential protection picks up,
see Section 3.3.2;
[87L.En_LocDiff] is the logic setting for enabling the differential protection of the local device
independently;
The logic diagrams of the stage 1 current differential protection of phase B and phase C can be
gotten on the analogy of this.
The logic diagram of the stage 1 current differential protection is show as below.
Flg_Diff1_Op_A
Flg_Diff1_Op_B [87L.Op_Biased1]
Flg_Diff1_Op_C
Where
I d 0 .6 I r
I d IM
I I L I R
d
I r I L I R
Where:
The operation characteristic of the stage 2 current differential protection is shown as below.
IdΦ
0. 6
k=
IM
O IrΦ
The logic diagram of the stage 2 current differential protection of phase A is shown in Figure 3.3-6.
[87L.En]
& 87L.Sig_BlkDiff_Loc
[87L.En1]
[87L.Blk] &
[FO.Alm]
[FO.En]
&
87L.Sig_BlkDiff_Rmt
Flg_2ndHarmBlk_A
& Flg_Diff2_Meet_A
Flg_3rdHarmBlk_A
Ida,Ira
IM
Flg_Diff_PickUp
&
87L.Sig_PermA_Rmt
&
25ms 0
Flg_Diff2_Op_A
[87L.En_LocDiff]
&
87L.Sig_IntTrpA_Rmt &
[87L.En_IntTrp]
Where:
[FO.Alm] is the alarm signal of the fiber optical channel, see Section 3.3.1;
[FO.En] is the logic setting for enabling or disabling the FO communication function;
“87L.Sig_BlkDiff_Rmt” is the blocking signal of the differential protection which is from the
opposite device for blocking the differential protection of local device;
“Flg_2ndHarmBlk_A” is the 2nd harmonic blocking signal of phase A, see Section 3.3.3.4;
“Flg_3rdHarmBlk_A” is the 3rd harmonic blocking signal of phase A, see Section 3.3.3.4;
“Ida” and “Ira” is the differential current and restraint current of phase A respectively;
“Flg_Diff_PickUp” is the signal means the fault detector of the differential protection picks up,
see Section 3.3.2;
3.3.3.3;
[87L.En_LocDiff] is the logic setting for enabling the differential protection of the local device
independently;
The logic diagrams of the stage 2 current differential protection of phase B and phase C can be
gotten on the analogy of this.
The logic diagram of the stage 2 current differential protection is show as below.
Flg_Diff2_Op_A
Flg_Diff2_Op_B [87L.Op_Biased2]
Flg_Diff2_Op_C
Where
If a grounded fault with high transition resistance occurs at the point where is very near to one end
of the feeder line (for example, the fault occurs near to “L” side in Figure 3.3-1.). The current
differential protection near to the fault point will pick up at once, but the current differential
protection at the opposite side maybe can not pick up because the detected fault component is
not great enough, so the current differential protection in this system can not operate quickly.
To the above-mentioned situation, this relay has an inter-tripping logic for dealing with this case.
The current differential protection near to the fault point will transmit the inter -tripping signals to
the differential relay at the opposite side after it operates. The current differential protection at the
opposite side will pick up after it receives the inter-tripping signals, and it will operate with the
permissive signals from the differential relay at other side.
The logic diagram of the inter-tripping function of phase A is shown as below. The logic diagrams
of the inter-tripping function of phase B and phase C can be gotten on the analogy of this.
Flg_Diff1_Op_A
87L.Sig_IntTrpA_Loc
Flg_Diff2_Op_A
Flg_Diff_PickUp
Flg_Diff1_Meet_A
&
Flg_Diff2_Meet_A
87L.Sig_PermA_Loc
[BI_52b]
&
Ia > 0.04In
&
87L.Sig_PermA_Rmt
[87L.En_LocDiff]
Where:
“Flg_Diff1_Op_A” is the stage 1 differential operation signal of phase A, see Section 3.3.3.1;
“Flg_Diff2_Op_A” is the stage 2 differential operation signal of phase A, see Section 3.3.3.2;
“Flg_Diff_PickUp” is the signal means the fault detector of the differential protection picks up,
see Section 3.3.2;
[87L.En_LocDiff] is the logic setting for enabling the differential protection of the local device
independently;
[BI_52b] is the binary input from the auxiliary normally closed contact of the circuit breaker;
To prevent the maloperation of the current differential protection due to CT saturation if a fault
occurs out of the protected area of the current differential protection, this relay provides CT
saturation detection function.
I L _ 2 nd _ max
K 2 xb I L _ 1 st
(1)
I L _ 3 rd _ max
K 3 xb I L _ 1 st
I R _ 2 nd _ max
K 2 xb I R _ 1 st
(2)
I R _ 3 rd _ max
K 3 xb I R _ 1 st
Where:
“IRΦ_2n d_max ” (Φ: A, B or C) is the maximum phase 2 nd harmonic current at remote side;
“ILΦ_ 3rd_max ” (Φ: A, B or C) is the maximum phase 3 rd harmonic current at local side;
“IRΦ_3rd _max ” (Φ: A, B or C) is the maximum phase 3 rd harmonic current at remote side;
If a fault occurs out of the protected area of the current differential protection and any condition of
above two equations is satisfied, this relay will block the current differential protection at once.
If any phase differential current is greater than the differential protection setting ([87L.I_Biased])
for longer than 10s, this relay will issue the alarm signal [87L.Alm_Diff], but the current differential
protection is not blocked. The setting [87L.I_Biased] should be set to avoid the maximum
differential current in normal operation situation.
This relay can support binary input signal interchange function through the fiber optical channel.
The local binary input signals which need to be transmitted are configurable through the
PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary software. The received binary input signals from the
opposite side can be used for the local device.
The demonstration diagram of the interchange binary input signal is shown as below.
FO.SendTS1 FO.RecvTS1
FO.SendTS2 FO.RecvTS2
FO.SendTS3 FO.RecvTS3
FO.SendTS4 FO.RecvTS4
Where:
“FO.SendTSx” (x: 1~4) is the interchange binary input transmission signal of the local device;
“FO.RecvTSx” (x: 1~4) is the interchange binary input reception signal of the remote device.
All the settings of the current differential protection are listed in following table. For the information
about the common explanation of the settings, see Section 7.3.
The overcurrent protection in this relay provides a six-stage phase overcurrent protection with
independent definite time characteristics. Each stage can be enabled or disabled independently
by the logic settings respectively. All overcurrent element, directional element, voltage control
element and harmonic blocking element settings apply to all three phases but are independent for
each of the first four stages. The last two stages are pure overcurrent protections. Configuring the
relevant settings can enable or disable the corresponding protection.
The stage 1, 2, 5 and 6 overcurrent protections only have definite time characteristics. The stage
3 and 4 overcurrent protections can be set as either definite time (DT) or inverse definite minimum
time (IDMT). If the settings [50/51P3.Opt_Curve] and [50/51P4.Opt_Curve] are set as “0”, the
stage 3 and 4 overcurrent protections can be with definite time characteristics.
The demonstration characteristic figure of the DT overcurrent protection and IDMT overcurrent
protection is shown as below.
50/51P2.t_Op
50/51P1.t_Op
50/51P2.I_Set 50/51P1.I_Set
Inom Inom
The logic diagram of the stage 1 overcurrent protection is shown in Figure 3.4-2. The overcurrent
block is a level detector that detects whether the current magnitude is above the threshold.
Ia > [50/51P1.I_Set]
50/51P1.VCE_A
&
50/51P1.Dir_A
50/51P1.HmBlk_A
Ib > [50/51P1.I_Set]
50/51P1.VCE_B
&
50/51P1.Dir_B
50/51P1.HmBlk_B
Ic > [50/51P1.I_Set] [50/51P1.St]
50/51P1.VCE_C
& & tOC1 0
[50/51P1.Op]
50/51P1.Dir_C
50/51P1.HmBlk_C
[50/51P1.En]
[50/51P1.En1]
[50/51P1.Blk]
Where:
“tOC1” is the setting [50/51P1.t_Op], the time setting of the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P1.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P1.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
“50/51P1.VCE_x (x: A, B, C)” denotes the state of the voltage control element of the stage 1
overcurrent protection, see Section 3.4.3 for more details about the voltage control element;
“50/51P1.Dir_x (x: A, B, C)” denotes the state of the directional element of the stage 1
overcurrent protection, see Section 3.4.4 for more details about the directional element;
“50/51P1.HmBlk_x (x: A, B, C)” denotes the harmonic blocking element of the stage 1
overcurrent protection, see Section 3.4.5 for more details about the harmonic blocking
element.
The stage 2 overcurrent protection has the same logic diagram with the stage 1 overcurrent
protection, but the operation threshold is its own setting threshold.
The logic diagram of the stage 5 overcurrent protection is shown in Figure 3.4-3.
Ia > [50/51P5.I_Set]
Ib > [50/51P5.I_Set] [50/51P5.St]
Ic > [50/51P5.I_Set]
tOC5 0
[50/51P5.En] & [50/51P5.Op]
[50/51P5.En1]
[50/51P5.Blk]
Where:
“tOC5” is the setting [50/51P5.t_Op], the time setting of the stage 5 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P5.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the stage 5 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P5.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the stage 5 overcurrent protection.
The stage 6 overcurrent protection has the same logic diagram with the stage 5 overcurrent
protection, but the operation threshold is its own setting threshold.
Various methods are available to achieve correct relay coordination on a system; by means of
time alone, current alone or a combination of both time and curren t. Grading by means of current
is only possible where there is an appreciable difference in fault level between the two relay
locations. Grading by time is used by some utilities but can often lead to excessive fault clearance
times at or near source substations where the fault level is highest. For these reasons the most
commonly applied characteristic in coordinating overcurrent relays is the IDMT type.
The inverse time delayed characteristics comply with the following formula (based on IEC60255 -3
and IEEE Std C37.112-1996 standard).
k
t C Tp
(I / I ) 1
p
Where:
t = Operation time.
Ip is the current threshold setting; the current setting of the stage x (x: 3 or 4) overcurrent
[50/51Px.I_Set] (x: 3 or 4) is used as the Ip in this relay. If the stage x (x: 3 or 4) overcurrent
protection is used as IDMT overcurrent protection, the range of the setting [50/51Px.I_Set] (x:
3 or 4) is 0.05×In ~ 4×In.
T p is the time multiplier setting; the multiplier setting of the IDMT overcurrent protection
[50/51Px.TMS] (x: 3 or 4) is used as T p in this relay. If the stage x (x: 3 or 4) overcurrent
protection is used as IDMT overcurrent protection, the range of the setting [50/51Px.TMS] (x:
3 or 4) is 0.05 ~ 100.00.
Some recommended types of IDMT characteristic curves are applied in this relay. It is also can be
programmed according to the demand of the special practical application through the
PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary software.
The setting [50/51Px.Opt_Curve] (x: 3 or 4) can be used to select the expected curve.
If the setting [50/51Px.Opt_Curve] (x: 3 or 4) is set as “1” to “12”, these settings [50/51Px.K],
[50/51Px.Alpha] and [50/51Px.C] (x: 3 or 4) do not need to be set, and these values as listed in
above table will be used.
The logic diagram of the stage 4 overcurrent protection is shown in Figure 3.4-4. The overcurrent
block is a level detector that detects whether the current magnitude is above the threshold.
Ia > [50/51P4.I_Set]
50/51P4.VCE_A
&
50/51P4.Dir_A
50/51P4.HmBlk_A
Ib > [50/51P4.I_Set]
50/51P4.VCE_B
&
50/51P4.Dir_B
50/51P4.HmBlk_B
Ic > [50/51P4.I_Set] [50/51P4.St]
50/51P4.VCE_C
& &
50/51P4.Dir_C
tOC4 0
50/51P4.HmBlk_C & [50/51P4.Op]
[50/51P4.En]
[50/51P4.En1]
[50/51P4.Blk] IDMT
& [50/51P4.Op]
[50/51P4.Opt_Curve] = 0
Where:
“tOC4” is the setting [50/51P4.t_Op], the time setting of the stage 4 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P4.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the stage 4 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P4.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the stage 4 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P4.Opt_Curve] is the setting for selecting the inverse time characteristic curve;
“50/51P4.VCE_x (x: A, B, C)” denotes the state of the voltage control element of the stage 4
overcurrent protection, see Section 3.4.3 for more details about the voltage control element;
“50/51P4.Dir_x (x: A, B, C)” denotes the state of the directional element of the stage 4
overcurrent protection, see Section 3.4.4 for more details about the directional element;
“50/51P4.HmBlk_x (x: A, B, C)” denotes the harmonic blocking element of the stage 4
overcurrent protection, see Section 3.4.5 for more details about the harmonic blocking
element.
The stage 3 overcurrent protection has the same logic diagram with the stage 4 overcurrent
protection, but the operation threshold is its own setting threshold.
If the current detected by a local relay for a remote fault condition is below its overcurrent setting,
a voltage controlled overcurrent (VCO) element may be used to increase the relay sensitivity to
such faults. In this case, a reduction in system voltage will occur; this may then be used to reduce
the pick up level of the overcurrent protection. The VCO function can be selectively enabled on
the first four stages of the main overcurrent element, which was described in Section 3.4.1. When
the VCO is enabled, the overcurrent setting can be modified just to be in excess of the maximum
Note that the voltage dependent overcurrent relays are more often applied in practical protection
applications in order to give adequate overcurrent relay sensitivity for close up fault conditions.
The fault characteristic of this protection must then coordinate with any of the downstream
overcurrent relays that are responsive to the current decrement condition. It therefore follows that
if this relay is to be applied on an outgoing feeder from a generator station, the use of voltage
controlled overcurrent protection in the feeder relay may allow better coordination with the VCO
relay on the generator.
For the operation accuracy of the VCO protection, it is necessary to take the status of the voltage
transformer into account. If the voltage transformer has a fault, the numerical relay will issue a
[VTS.Alm] signal and block all the elements that relate to the voltage measurement.
The logic diagram of the voltage control overcurrent protection is shown in Figure 3.4-2. Each
stage of the overcurrent protection can be set with voltage control by its relevant independent
setting respectively. The detailed logic diagram for the voltage control element of phase A for the
stage 1 overcurrent protection is shown as below. The logic diagrams for voltage control elements
of phase B and phase C can be gotten on the analogy of this.
[50/51P.En_VTS_Blk]
[VTS.En]
[VTS.Alm]
&
Uab < [50/51P.Upp_VCE]
Uca < [50/51P.Upp_VCE] 50/51P1.VCE_A
U2 > [50/51P.U2_VCE]
[50/51P1.En_VCE]
Figure 3.4-5 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A voltage control element
Where:
[VTS.En] is the logic setting of the protection voltage transformer supervision function;
[50/51P1.En_VCE] is the logic setting of the voltage control element for the OC1 protection;
[50/51P.En_VTS_Blk] is the logic setting of the function which can block all the OC protective
elements that relate to the voltage measurement when the voltage transformer is failed;
The phase fault elements of this relay are internally polarized by the quadrature phase -to-phase
voltages, as shown in the table below:
Under system fault conditions, the fault current vector will lag its nominal phase voltage by an
angle dependent upon the system X/R ratio. It is therefore a requirement that the relay operates
with maximum sensitivity for currents lying in this region. This is achieved by means of the relay
characteristic angle (RCA) setting; this defines the angle by which the current applied to the relay
must be displaced from the voltage applied to the relay to obtain maximum relay sensitivity.
For a close up three-phase fault, all three voltages will collapse to zero and no healthy phase
voltage will be present. For this reason, the relay includes a synchronous polarization feature that
stores the pre-fault positive sequence voltage information and continues to apply it to the
directional overcurrent elements for a time period of 3 fundamental wave cycles, after which, it will
keep the result of the directional element, this ensures that either the instantaneous or the time
delayed directional overcurrent elements will be allowed to operate, even with a three-phase
voltage collapse.
The relay characteristic angle (RCA) is configurable through the setting [50/51P.RCA]. A
directional check is performed based on the following criteria:
Directional forward
Directional reverse
Reverse
O U
RCA
I
Forward
The setting [50/51Px.Opt_Dir] (x: 1~4) is used to select the directional mode for the stage x (x:
1~4) overcurrent protection respectively.
Setting Value 0 1 2
Directional Mode Non-directional Forward directional Reverse directional
Any of the first four overcurrent stages may be configured to be directional. When the element is
selected as directional, a VTS block option is available. When the relevant setting is set as “1”,
operation of the voltage transformer supervision (VTS) will block the stage if the relevant
directional element is in service. When the relevant setting is set as “0”, the stage will revert to
non-directional upon operation of the VTS.
The logic diagram of the phase directional overcurrent protection is shown in Figure 3.4-2. Each
stage of the overcurrent protection can be set with directional element control by its relevant
independent setting respectively. The detailed logic diagram for the phase A directional element
for the stage 1 overcurrent protection is shown as below. The logic diagrams of voltage control
elements of phase B and phase C can be gotten on the analogy of this.
[50/51P.En_VTS_Blk]
[VTS.En]
[VTS.Alm] &
Ia (present measure) Phase A
Ubc(present measure) Direction
Check 50/51P1.Dir_A
Ubc(in memory)
[50/51P1.Opt_Dir] ≠ 0
Where:
[50/51P1.Opt_Dir] is the setting which is used to select the directional mode (non-directional,
forward, reverse) of the directional element for the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
[VTS.En] is the logic setting of the protection voltage transformer supervision function;
[50/51P.En_VTS_Blk] is the logic setting of the function which can block all the OC protective
elements that relate to the voltage measurement when the voltage transformer is failed;
The percent threshold of the 2 nd harmonic blocking element to the fundamental wave can be set
through the setting [50/51P.K_Hm2].
The harmonic blocking mode can be selected through the setting [50/51P.Opt_Hm_Blk].
When the fundamental current is greater than the setting [50/51P.I_Rls_HmBlk], the harmonic
The following figure shows the logic diagram of the harmonic blocking element of phase A for the
stage 1 overcurrent protection. The logic diagrams of the harmonic blocking elements of phase B
and phase C can be gotten on the analogy of this.
[50/51P.Opt_Hm_Blk]
[50/51P1.En_Hm_Blk]
Figure 3.4-8 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A harmonic blocking element
Where:
[50/51P1.En_HarmBlk] is the logic setting of the harmonic blocking element of the stage 1
overcurrent protection;
[50/51P.K_Hm2] is the percent setting of the harmonic blocking element for OC protection;
[50/51P.I_Rls_HmBlk] is the current setting for releasing the harmonic blocking element;
“Ix1 ” (x: a, b or c) is the fundamental current; “Ix2 ” (x: a, b or c) is the 2 nd harmonic current;
“Imax” is the maximum phase current; “Imax2 ” is the maximum 2 nd harmonic current.
The zero sequence overcurrent protection in this relay provides a six-stage zero sequence
overcurrent protections with independent definite time delay characteristics. Each stage can be
enabled or disabled independently by the corresponding logic setting respectively. The first four
stages can be controlled with the directional element and harmonic blocking element respectively.
The last two stages are pure zero sequence overcurrent protections.
The zero sequence current of the zero sequence overcurrent protection can be led from a
dedicated zero sequence current transformer or be self-calculated (by the setting [Opt_3I0]).
When this relay is used in non-effective grounding (such as the delta side of a transformer) or
small current grounding system, the grounding zero sequence current during earth fault is
basically small capacitive current. Correct selection of faulty phase in zero sequence protection
can not be ensured by detection of such a current. Since all protection equipments are connected
with each other via network and information resource can be shared in the substation automation
system, so the faulty feeder can be identified firstly by comparing information from various feeders
which are connected to the same busbar and then decided finally by trial tripping of the circuit
breaker of the selected feeder. In this case, the zero sequence current has to be led from a zero
sequence current transformer.
When this relay is used in small resistance grounding system, the grounding zero sequence
current during earth fault is larger and can be used for tripping directly. All stages are equipped for
the zero sequence current protection. In this case, the zero sequence current for tripping can be
calculated or directly led from a zero sequence current transformer.
The following figure shows the logic diagram of the zero sequence protection.
I0 > [50/51G1.3I0_Set]
50/51G1.Dir & [50/51G1.St]
50/51G1.HmBlk
tROC1 0
[50/51G1.En] & [50/51G1.Op]
[50/51G1.En1]
[50/51G1.Blk]
I0 > [50/51G2.3I0_Set]
50/51G2.Dir & [50/51G2.St]
50/51G2.HmBlk
tROC2 0
[50/51G2.En] & [50/51G2.Op]
[50/51G2.En1]
[50/51G2.Blk]
I0 > [50/51G3.3I0_Set]
50/51G3.Dir & [50/51G3.St]
50/51G3.HmBlk
[50/51G3.En] tROC3 0
& [50/51G3.Op]
[50/51G3.En1]
[50/51G3.Opt_Curve] = 0
[50/51G3.Blk]
I0 > [50/51G4.3I0_Set]
50/51G4.Dir & [50/51G4.St]
50/51G4.HmBlk
[50/51G4.En] tROC4 0
& [50/51G4.Op]
[50/51G4.En1]
[50/51G4.Opt_Curve] = 0
[50/51G4.Blk]
Where:
[50/51Gx.3I0_Set] (x: 1~6) is the current setting of the stage x (x: 1~6) zero sequence
overcurrent protection;
“tROCx ” (x: 1~6) is the setting [50/51Gx.t_Op] (x: 1~6), the time setting of the stage x (x: 1~6)
zero sequence overcurrent protection;
[50/51Gx.En] (x: 1~6) is the logic setting of the stage x (x: 1~6) zero sequence overcurrent
protection;
[50/51Gx.En1] (x: 1~6) is the binary signal for enabling the stage x (x: 1~6) zero sequence
overcurrent protection;
[50/51Gx.Blk] (x: 1~6) is the binary signal for blocking the stage x (x: 1~6) zero sequence
overcurrent protection;
[50/51Gx.Opt_Curve] (x: 3~4) is the setting for selecting the inverse time characteristic curve;
“50/51Gx.Dir” (x: 1~4) denotes the status of the zero sequence directional element, see
Section 3.5.3 for more details about the directional element;
“50/51Gx.HmBlk” (x: 1~4) denotes the status of the harmonic blocking element, see Section
3.5.4 for more details about the harmonic blocking element.
The logic diagram of the stage 4 zero sequence IDMT overcurrent protection is shown as below.
The zero sequence overcurrent block is a level detector that detects whether the current
magnitude is above the threshold.
I0 > [50/51G4.3I0_Set]
50/51G4.Dir & [50/51G4.St]
50/51G4.HmBlk
[50/51G4.En] IDMT
& [50/51G4.Op]
[50/51G4.En1]
[50/51G4.Opt_Curve] = 0
[50/51G4.Blk]
Figure 3.5-2 Logic diagram of the stage 4 zero sequence IDMT overcurrent protection
Where:
[50/51G4.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the stage 4 ROC protection;
[50/51G4.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the stage 4 ROC protection;
[50/51G4.Opt_Curve] is the setting for selecting the inverse time characteristic curve;
“50/51G4.Dir” denotes the status of the zero sequence directional element for the stage 4
zero sequence overcurrent protection, see Section 3.5.3 for more details about the directional
element;
“50/51G4.HmBlk” denotes the status of the harmonic blocking element for the stage 4 zero
sequence overcurrent protection, see Section 3.5.4 for more details about the harmonic
blocking element.
The stage 3 zero sequence overcurrent protections has the same logic diagram with the stage 4
zero sequence overcurrent protection, but the operation threshold is its own setting threshold.
fault protection, the polarizing signal is required to be a representative of the earth fault condition.
As residual voltage is generated during earth fault conditions, this quantity is commonly used to
polarize DEF elements.
This relay internally derives this voltage from the 3-phase voltage input that must be supplied from
three single-phase voltage transformers. These types of VT design allow the passage of residual
flux and consequently permit the relay to derive the required residual voltage. In addition, the
primary star point of the VT must be earthed. It is possible that small levels of residual voltage will
be present under normal system conditions due to system imbalances, VT inaccuracies, relay
tolerances etc.
The zero sequence relay characteristic angle (ZS_RCA) is configurable through the setting
[50/51G.RCA]. A directional check is performed based on the following criteria:
Directional forward
Directional reverse
Reverse
O U0
ZS-RCA
I01
Forward
The setting [50/51Gx.Opt_Dir] (x: 1~4) is used to select the directional mode for the stage x (x:
1~4) zero sequence overcurrent protection respectively.
Setting Value 0 1 2
Directional Mode Non-directional Forward directional Reverse directional
When the element is selected as directional, a VTS block option is available. When the relevant
setting is set as “1”, operation of the voltage transformer supervision (VTS) will block the stage if
the relevant directional element is in service. When the relevant setting is set as “0”, the stage will
revert to non-directional upon operation of the VTS.
The detailed logic diagram of the zero sequence directional element of the stage 1 zero sequence
overcurrent protection is shown as below.
[50/51G.En_VTS_Blk]
[VTS.En]
[VTS.Alm]
&
U0 (present measure) Zero Sequence
Direction Check 50/51G1.Dir
I0 (present measure)
[50/51G1.Opt_Dir] ≠ 0
Figure 3.5-4 Logic diagram of the directional element for the ROC1 protection
Where:
[50/51G1.Opt_Dir] is the setting which is used to select the directional mode (non -directional,
forward, reverse) of the directional element for the stage 1 ROC protection;
[VTS.En] is the logic setting of the protection voltage transformer supervision function;
[50/51G.En_VTS_Blk] is the logic setting of the function which blocks all the ROC protective
elements that relate to the voltage measurement when the voltage transformer is failed;
To prevent maloperation of the zero sequence overcurrent protection when the transformer is
nd
energized without any load, this relay provides a 2 harmonic blocking function for resolving such
a problem.
nd
The percent threshold of the 2 harmonic blocking element to the fundamental wave can be set
through the setting [50/51G.K_Hm2].
When the fundamental current is greater than the setting [50/51G.3I0_Rls_HmBlk], the harmonic
blocking element for the zero sequence overcurrent protection is released.
The following figure shows the logic diagram of the harmonic blocking element for the stage 1
zero sequence overcurrent protection.
Where:
[50/51G.3I0_Rls_HmBlk] is the current setting for releasing the harmonic blocking element;
All the settings of the zero sequence overcurrent protection are listed in the following table. For
the information about the common explanation of the settings, see Section 7.3.
This relay provides a four-stage sensitive earth fault protection with independent definite time
delay characteristics. Each stage can be enabled or disabled independently by the corresponding
logic setting respectively, and can be controlled by the directional element respectively. The stage
4 SEF also can be set with inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) characteristic. Each stage can
be used for tripping or alarming through the PCS-Explorer and the default is for tripping.
When this relay is used in non-effective grounding (such as the delta side of a transformer) or
small current grounding system, the grounding zero sequence current during earth fault is
basically small capacitive current. Correct selection of faulty phase in zero se quence protection
can not be ensured by detection of such a current. One current transformer input is dedicated to
the sensitive earth fault (SEF) protection. The input CT is designed specially to operate at very low
current magnitudes.
The following figure shows the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection logic diagram, other stage
has the same logic diagram.
Figure 3.6-1 Logic diagram for the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection
Where:
[50/51SEF1.3I0_Set] is the current setting of the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection;
“tSEF1” is the setting [50/51SEF1.t_Op], the time setting of the SEF1 protection;
[50/51SEF1.En] is the logic setting of the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection;
[50/51SEF1.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection;
[50/51SEF1.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection;
“50/51SEF1.Dir” denotes the status of the directional element for the stage 1 sensitive earth
fault protection, see Section 3.6.3 for more details about the directional element.
The stage 4 sensitive earth fault protection also can be used as inverse definite minimum time
(IDMT) sensitive earth fault protection. It has the same inverse time characteristic with the IDMT
overcurrent protection (see Section 3.4.2), and the setting [50/51SEF4.Opt_Curve] can be used to
select the expected curve.
The logic diagram of the IDMT sensitive earth fault protection is shown as below. The sensitive
earth fault current block is a level detector that detects whether the current magnitude is above
the threshold.
Figure 3.6-2 Logic diagram of the IDMT sensitive earth fault protection
Where:
[50/51SEF4.3I0_Set] is the current setting of the stage 4 sensitive earth fault protection;
[50/51SEF4.En] is the logic setting of the stage 4 sensitive earth fault protection;
[50/51SEF4.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the stage 4 sensitive earth fault protection;
[50/51SEF4.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the stage 4 sensitive earth fault protection;
[50/51SEF4.Opt_Curve] is the setting for selecting the inverse time characteristic curve;
“50/51SEF4.Dir” denotes the status of the directional element for the stage 4 sensitive earth
fault protection, see Section 3.6.3 for more details about the directional element.
The sensitive earth fault relay characteristic angle (SEF-RCA) is configurable through the setting
[50/51SEF.RCA]. A directional check is performed based on the following criteria:
Directional forward
Directional reverse
Reverse
O U0
SEF-RCA
I0S
Forward
The setting [50/51SEFx.Opt_Dir] (x: 1~4) is used to select the directional mode for the stage x (x:
1~4) sensitive earth fault protection respectively.
Setting Value 0 1 2
Directional Mode Non-directional Forward directional Reverse directional
When the element is selected as directional, a VTS block option is available. When the relevant
setting is set as “1”, operation of the voltage transformer supervision (VTS) will block the stage if
the relevant directional element is in service. When the relevant setting is set as “0”, the stage will
revert to non-directional upon operation of the VTS.
The detailed logic diagram of the directional element of the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection
is shown as below.
[50/51SEF.En_VTS_Blk]
[VTS.En]
[VTS.Alm]
&
U0 (present measure) SEF
Direction Check 50/51SEF1.Dir
I0S (present measure)
[50/51SEF1.Opt_Dir] ≠ 0
Figure 3.6-4 Logic diagram of the directional element for the stage 1 SEF protection
Where:
[VTS.En] is the logic setting of the protection voltage transformer supervision function;
[50/51SEF.En_VTS_Blk] is the logic setting of the function which can block all the SEF
protection that relate to the voltage measurement when the voltage transformer is failed;
All the settings of the sensitive earth fault protection are listed in the following table. For the
information about the common explanation of the settings, see Section 7.3.
The relay incorporates a current based thermal replica, using load current to model heating and
cooling of the protected plant.
The heat generated within an item of the plant, such as a cable or a transformer, is the resistive
loss (Ι2R×t). Thus, heating is directly proportional to current squared. The thermal time
characteristic used in the relay is therefore based on current squared, integrated over time. The
relay automatically uses the largest phase current for input to the thermal model.
This relay provides a thermal overload model which is based on the IEC60255-8 standard. The
thermal overload formulas are shown as below.
I2
T ln
I 2 (k I B ) 2
I 2 I p2
T ln
I 2 (k I B ) 2
Where:
k = Factor associated to the thermal state formula, the setting [49.K_Trp] and [49.K_Alm].
t Refer to IEC60255-8
Ip
P=—
IB
P = 0.0
P = 0.6
P = 0.8
P = 0.9
kIB I
The 1st ~ 7th harmonics of the phase current are taken into account in the calculation of the RMS
value of the largest phase current.
The input signal [49.Clr] (it can be led from a binary input of this relay) can clear the thermal
accumulation without blocking the thermal overload protection, if it is energized.
The thermal overload protection also can be used to issue an alarm signal [49.Alm], if the logic
setting [49.En_Alm] is set as “1”.
Where:
[49.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the thermal overload protection;
[49.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the thermal overload protection;
The application of negative sequence overcurrent protection to motors has a special significance.
Unbalanced loads create counter-rotating fields in three-phase induction motors, which act on the
rotor at double frequency. Eddy currents are induced on the rotor surface, which causes local
overheating in rotor end zones and the slot wedges. This especially goes for motors which are
tripped via vacuum contactors with fuses connected in series. With single phasing due to
operation of a fuse, the motor only generates small and pulsing torques such that it soon is
thermally strained assuming that the torque required by the machine remains unchanged. In
addition, the unbalanced supply voltage introduces the risk of thermal overload. Due to the small
negative sequence reactance even small voltage asymmetries lead to large negative sequence
currents.
This relay provides a two-stage negative sequence overcurrent protection with definite time delay
characteristics. Each stage can be enabled or disabled by scheme logic settings independently.
The two stages have same protection logics if they are set with definite time characteristics.
The logic diagram for the stage 1 negative sequence overcurrent protection is shown as below.
The negative sequence overcurrent block is a level detector that detects whether the negative
sequence current magnitude is above the threshold.
Where:
“tNOC1” is the setting [50/51Q1.t_Op], the time setting of the stage 1 negative sequence
overcurrent protection;
[50/51Q1.En] is the logic setting of the stage 1 negative sequence overcurrent protection;
The stage 2 negative sequence overcurrent protection also can be set with inverse definite
minimum time (IDMT) characteristic. It has the same inverse time characteristic with the IDMT
overcurrent protection (see Section 3.4.2), and the setting [50/51Q2.Opt_Curve] can be used to
select the expected curve.
The logic diagram of the negative sequence overcurrent protection is shown as below. The
negative sequence current block is a level detector that detects whether the current magnitude is
above the threshold.
I2 > [50/51Q2.I2_Set]
[50/51Q2.St]
[50/51Q2.En]
IDMT
[50/51Q2.En1] & [50/51Q2.Op]
[50/51Q2.Blk]
[50/51Q2.Opt_Curve] = 0
Figure 3.8-2 Logic diagram of the IDMT negative sequence overcurrent protection
Where:
[50/51Q2.En] is the logic setting of the stage 2 negative sequence overcurrent protection;
[50/51Q2.Opt_Curve] is the setting for selecting the inverse time characteristic curve;
The relay incorporates an element which measures the ratio of negative to positive sequence
current (Ι2/Ι1). This will be affected to a lesser extent than the measurement of negative sequence
current alone, since the ratio is approximately constant with variations in load current. Hence, a
more sensitive setting may be achieved.
At the moment when the circuit breaker is closed, because the three poles of the circuit breaker
are discrepant for a very short time, and if the broken conductor protection is enabled, it is easy to
make the broken conductor protection pick up, and it will restore after the load current is stable.
The logic diagram is as shown below. The ratio of I2/I1 is calculated and is compared with the
threshold and if the threshold is exceeded then the delay timer is initiated.
Where:
“tBCP” is the setting [50BC.t_Op], the time setting of the broken conductor protection;
[50BC.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the broken conductor protection;
[50BC.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the broken conductor protection.
All the settings of the broken conductor protection are listed in the following table. For the
information about the common explanation of the settings, see Section 7.3.
The breaker failure protection in this relay has two independent definite time delay characteristics.
It is controlled by the initiation signal “50BF.In_Init” (it can be an external binary input trigger signal)
or a relay tripping operation signal). The signal “50BF.In_Init” can be configured through the
PCS-Explorer configuration tool software.
For some special faults (for example, mechanical protection or overvoltage protection operating),
maybe the faulty current is very small and the current criterion of the breaker failure protection can
not be satisfied, in order to make the breaker failure protection can operate in such a situation, the
auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker can be taken into account. So this relay provides four
criteria logics to meet different requirements.
Four criteria logics based on the phase currents and the circuit breaker state (based on the binary
input [BI_52b]) are selectable through the setting [50BF.Opt_LogicMode]. The criteria conditions
are list as below: (A) the phase current is greater than the setting [50BF.I_Set]; (B) the circuit
breaker is still closed ([BI_52b] = 0).
Where:
“tBFP1” is the setting [50BF.t_Op], the time setting of the breaker failure protection;
“tBFP2” is the setting [50BF.t_ReTrp] is the re-trip time setting of the breaker failure protection;
[50BF.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the breaker failure protection;
[50BF.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the breaker failure protection;
[50BF.En_ReTrp] is the logic setting of re-trip function the breaker failure protection;
[BI_52b] is the binary input from the auxiliary normally closed contact of the circuit breaker;
“50BF.In_Init” is the initiation signal such as the external binary input trigger signal or the relay
tripping operation signal, and it can be configured through the PCS-Explorer configuration
tool auxiliary software.
The time setting of the breaker failure protection should be based on the maximum circuit breaker
operating time plus the dropout time of the current flow monitoring element plus a safety margin
which takes into consideration the tolerance of the time delay.
System Fault
Normal Fault Clearance Time
All the settings of the breaker failure protection are listed in the following table. For the information
about the common explanation of the settings, see Section 7.3.
In some feeder applications, three-pole fast tripping may be required if a fault is present on the
feeder when it is energized. Such faults may be due to a fault condition not having been removed
from the feeder, or due to earthing clamps having been left on the following maintenance. In either
case, it may be desirable to clear the fault condition in an accelerated time, rather than waiting for
the time delay associated with overcurrent protection.
Switch onto fault overcurrent protection and zero sequence accelerated overcurrent protection are
equipped in this equipment. Acceleration before or after tripping can be configured by setting the
logic setting [SOTF.Opt_Mode]. Acceleration after tripping includes accelerated tripping for
manual switching-onto-fault or automatic reclosing-onto-fault. Current settings and delays of
these two accelerated tripping protections can be configured independently.
If acceleration after tripping is selected, the SOTF element is enabled for the predefined time
[SOTF.t_En] after the auto-recloser operates. And the SOTF element is enabled for the
predefined time [SOTF.t_En] fixedly after manual closing signal is issued, and the typical value is
“3s”.
The logic diagram of the switch onto fault protection is shown as below.
Ia > [50PSOTF.I_SetF]
Ib > [50PSOTF.I_SetF]
Ic > [50PSOTF.I_SetF]
[50PSOTF.En] & [50PSOTF.St]
[50PSOTF.En1]
tSOTFOC 0
[50PSOTF.Blk] & [50PSOTF.Op]
[79.Ready]
[SOTF.Opt_Mode]
&
0 tEnSOTF
[79.Close_3PSx] (x:1~4)
&
[50GSOTF.St]
SOTF.ManClsCB
0 tEnSOTF
tSOTFROC 0
I01 > [50GSOTF.3I0_Set] & [50GSOTF.Op]
[50GSOTF.En]
&
[50GSOTF.En1]
[50GSOTF.Blk]
Where:
“tSOTFOC ” is the setting [50PSOTF.t_Op], the time setting of the SOTF overcurrent protection;
[50PSOTF.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the SOTF overcurrent protection;
[50PSOTF.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the SOTF overcurrent protection;
[50GSOTF.3I0_Set] is the current setting of the zero sequence SOTF overcurrent protection;
“tSOTFROC ” is the setting [50GSOTF.t_Op], the time setting of the zero sequence SOTF
overcurrent protection;
[50GSOTF.En] is the logic setting of the zero sequence SOTF overcurrent protection;
[50GSOTF.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the zero sequence SOTF overcurrent
protection;
[50GSOTF.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the zero sequence SOTF overcurrent
protection;
[SOTF.Opt_Mode] is the setting for selecting the acceleration mode of the SOTF protection;
“tEnSOTF ” is the setting [SOTF.t_En], the enabling time setting of the SOTF protection;
All the settings of the SOTF protection are listed in the following table. For the information about
the common explanation of the settings, see Section 7.3.
This relay provides a two-stage undervoltage protection with definite time delay characteristics.
The two stages have same protection logics. Each stage can be used for tripping or alarming
through the PCS-Explorer and the default is for tripping.
This protection can support all kinds of VT connection: three phase voltage (Ua, Ub, Uc), three
phase-to-phase voltages (Uab, Ubc, Uca), two phase-to-phase voltages (Uab, Ubc), anyone of
three phase voltages or anyone of three phase-to-phase voltages.
Two methods are used to check the undervoltage condition by the setting [27P.Opt_1P/3P]. If
setting [27P.Opt_1P/3P] is set as “0”, and all of the three voltage values are less than the voltage
setting, the undervoltage protection will operates after the appointed time delay; and if the setting
[27P.Opt_1P/3P] is set as “1”, and anyone of the three voltage values is less than the voltage
setting, the undervoltage protection will operates after the appointed time delay.
The setting [27P.Opt_Up/Upp] is used to decide the voltage input mode. If it is set as “1”, the input
voltage is phase-to-phase voltage; and if it is set as “0”, the input voltage is phase voltage. So the
voltage setting must be set in accordance with the setting [27P.Opt_Up/Upp]; i.e. if the setting
[27P.Opt_Up/Upp] is set as “1”, the voltage setting is set according to phase-to-phase voltage;
and if the setting [27P.Opt_Up/Upp] is set as “0”, the voltage setting is set according to phase
voltage.
The circuit breaker state (based on the binary input [BI_52b]) is taken into account in the
undervoltage protection logic; when the circuit breaker is opened ([BI_52b ] = 1), the undervoltage
protection is not in service.
If the system voltage is lost, the undervoltage protection is blocked. The criterion of the system
voltage lost detects that all the three phase voltages are less than 15V, and the load current can
be taken into account according to the application demands through [27P1.OnLoad] which
denotes whether there has load current (anyone of the three phase currents is greater than
0.04In). The signal [27P1.OnLoad] can be from the signal “Prot.OnLoad” through PCS-Explorer.
[27P1.OnLoad]
20ms 0
Ua < 15V & 27P1.LostVolt
Ub < 15V &
Uc < 15V
Figure 3.12-1 Logic diagram of the system lost voltage for the UV1 protection
The following figure shows the logic diagram of the stage 1 undervoltage protection.
Ua < [27P1.U_Set]
Ub < [27P1.U_Set] & &
Uc < [27P1.U_Set] [27P1.St]
Ua < [27P1.U_Set]
Ub < [27P1.U_Set] & & tUV1 0
[27P1.Op]
Uc < [27P1.U_Set]
[BI_52b]
27P1.LostVolt
[27P1.En]
[27P1.En1]
[27P1.Blk]
Where:
“tUV1” is the setting [27P1.t_Op], the time setting of the stage 1 undervoltage prote ction;
[27P.Opt_1P/3P] is the logic setting for selecting the undervoltage calculation method;
[27P.Opt_Up/Upp] is the logic setting for deciding the voltage input mode;
[27P1.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the stage 1 undervoltage protection;
[27P1.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the stage 1 undervoltage protection;
[BI_52b] is the binary input from the auxiliary normally closed contact of the circuit breaker;
All the settings of the undervoltage protections are listed in the following table. For the information
about the common explanation of the settings, see Section 7.3.
This protection can support all kinds of VT connection: three phase voltage (Ua, Ub, Uc), thr ee
phase-to-phase voltages (Uab, Ubc, Uca), two phase-to-phase voltages (Uab, Ubc), anyone of
three phase voltages or anyone of three phase-to-phase voltages.
Two methods are used to check the overvoltage condition by the setting [59P.Opt_1P/3P]. If
setting [59P.Opt_1P/3P] is set as “0”, and all of the three voltage values are greater than the
voltage setting, the overvoltage protection will operates after the appointed time delay; and if the
setting [59P.Opt_1P/3P] is set as “1”, and anyone of the three voltage values is greater than the
voltage setting, the overvoltage protection will operates after the appointed time delay.
The setting [59P.Opt_Up/Upp] is used to decide the voltage input mode. If it is set as “1”, the input
voltage is phase-to-phase voltage; and if it is set as “0”, the input voltage is phase voltage. So the
voltage setting must be set in accordance with the setting [59P.Opt_Up/Upp]; i.e. if the setting
[59P.Opt_Up/Upp] is set as “1”, the voltage setting is set according to phase-to-phase voltage;
and if the setting [59P.Opt_Up/Upp] is set as “0”, the voltage setting is set according to phase
voltage.
The following figure shows the logic diagram of the stage 1 overvoltage protection.
Ua > [59P1.U_Set]
Ub > [59P1.U_Set] & & [59P1.St]
Uc > [59P1.U_Set]
Ua > [59P1.U_Set] tOV1 0
& [59P1.Op]
Ub > [59P1.U_Set] &
Uc > [59P1.U_Set]
[59P1.En]
[59P1.En1]
[59P1.Blk]
Where:
“tOV1” is the setting [59P1.t_Op], the time setting of the stage 1 overvoltage protection;
[59P.Opt_1P/3P] is the logic setting for selecting the overvoltage calculation method;
[59P.Opt_Up/Upp] is the logic setting for deciding the voltage input mode;
[59P1.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the stage 1 overvoltage protection;
[59P1.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the stage 1 overvoltage protection.
The following figure shows the logic diagram of the No.1 mechanical protection. Other mechanical
protections have the same functional logic with the No.1 mechanical protection.
[MR1.Input] [MR1.St]
[MR1.En] tMR1 0
& [MR1.Op]
[MR1.En1]
[MR1.Blk]
Where:
[MR1.Input] is the mechanical protection input signal which can be from a binary input;
“tMR1” is the setting [MR1.t_Op], the time setting of the No.1 mechanical protection;
[MR1.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the No.1 mechanical protection;
[MR1.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the No.1 mechanical protection.
All the settings of the mechanical protection are listed in the following table. For the information
about the common explanation of the settings, see Section 7.3.
3.15 Auto-recloser
This relay can support up to 4-shot auto-recloser. This relay will initiate the auto-recloser for fault
clearance by the phase overcurrent protection, the earth fault protection etc. (which can be
configured through PCS-Explorer). An auto-reclosing cycle can be internally initiated by operation
of a protection element or externally by a separate protection device, provided the circuit breaker
(CB) is closed until the instant of protection operation. At the end of the dead time of each shot, if
all the auto-reclosing conditions are satisfied, a circuit breaker close signal is given. The
auto-reclosing output time pulse width is configurable through the setting [79.t_DDO_AR].
The system conditions to be met for closing are that the system voltages are in synchronism or
dead line/live busbar or live line/dead busbar conditions exist, indicated by the internal check
synchronism element and that the circuit breaker closing spring, or other energy source, is fully
charged indicated from the binary input [BI_LowPres_Cls]. The CB close signal is cut-off when the
circuit breaker is closed.
If the CB position check function is enabled (the setting [79.En_FailChk] is set as “1”), the
auto-recloser detects the CB position in the period [79.t_Fail] after the auto-reclosing command is
issued. If the CB closed position condition is not met in the period [79.t_Fail], the auto -recloser
can not operate successfully, and the signal [79.Fail] will be issued.
When the auto-reclosing command is issued, the reclaim timer starts. If the circuit breaker does
not trip again, the auto-recloser resets at the end of the reclaim time. If the protection operates
during the reclaim time delay [79.t_Reclaim], this relay either advances to the next shot in the
programmed auto-reclosing cycle, or it goes to lockout if all programmed reclose attempts have
been made. The reclaim time should be set long enough to allow this relay to operate when the
circuit breaker is automatically closed onto a fault.
If any blocking condition is met in the process of the auto-recloser, the auto-recloser will be
blocked at once. And if any shot of the auto-recloser can not operate successfully, the signal
[79.Fail] will be issued.
Single-shot Reclosing
When a trip signal is programmed to initiate the automatic reclosing system, the appropriate
automatic reclosing program will be executed. Once the circuit breaker has opened, a dead
time interval in accordance with the type of fault is started. Once the dead time interval has
elapsed, a closing signal is issued to reclose the circuit breaker.
If the fault is cleared, the reclaim time expires and the automatic reclosing is reset in
anticipation of a future fault. The fault is cleared.
If the fault is not cleared, then a final tripping signal is initiated by one or more protective
elements.
Multi-shot Reclosing
This relay permits up to 4 shots of reclosing. The shot number of reclosing can be set. The
first reclose cycle is, in principle, the same as the single-shot auto-reclosing. If the first
reclosing attempt is unsuccessful, this does not result in a final trip, but in a reset of the
reclaim time interval and start of the next reclose cycle with the next dead time. This can be
repeated until the shot number of reclosing has been reached.
If one of the reclosing attempts is successful, i.e. the fault disappeared after reclosing, the
reclaim time expires and the automatic reclosing system is reset. The fault is terminated.
If none of the reclosing attempts is successful, then a final circuit breaker trip will take place
after the last allowable reclosing attempt has been performed by the protection function. All
reclosing attempts were unsuccessful.
After the final circuit breaker trip, the automatic reclosing system is dynamically blocked.
Pickup
Protection
Trip
Circuit Open
Breaker
Active
79.t_3PS1 79.t_3PS2
Dead Time
79.t_DDO_AR 79.t_DDO_AR
Reclose
Auto- 79.t_Reclaim 79.t_Reclaim
recloser Reset
79.t_Fail 79.t_Fail
CB Check
Fail
Inprog
Pickup
Protection
Trip
Circuit Open
Breaker
Active
79.t_3PS1
Dead Time
79.t_DDO_AR
Reclose
Auto- 79.t_Reclaim
recloser Reset
79.t_Fail
CB Check
Fail
Inprog
[79.En]
[79.En1]
[79.Ready]
[79.Blk]
[79.Inprog]
25A.Ok_SynChk
&
[79.En_SynChk]
25A.Ok_DdChk
[79.En_DdChk]
[79.OnLoad]
&
[79.Init]
tAR1 0
& [79.Close_3PS1]
[79.N_Rcls] = 1
tAR2 0
& [79.Close_3PS2]
[79.N_Rcls] = 2
tAR3 0
& [79.Close_3PS3]
[79.N_Rcls] = 3
tAR4 0
& [79.Close_3PS4]
[79.N_Rcls] = 4
Where:
“tARX” (x: 1~4) is the setting [79.t_3PSx] (x: 1~4), the time setting of the auto-recloser;
[79.En_SynChk] is the logic setting of the synchronism check mode of the auto-recloser;
[79.En_DdChk] is the logic setting of the dead check mode of the auto-recloser;
[79.OnLoad] denotes that anyone of the phase currents is greater than 0.04In, which can be
gotten the signal “Prot.OnLoad” through the PCS-Explorer;
[79.Init] is the auto-recloser initiation signal which can be configured through the
PCS-Explorer.
1. The CB is closed manually (local or remote) and the CB normally closed contact (BI_52b) is
“0”.
2. Any protection element is not in startup status; i.e. the fault detector does not operate: when
the CB is closed, if the fault detector is operated, it means that the CB is closed onto an
abnormal system or a fault system.
3. The blocking signal of the auto-recloser “79.Blk” is “0”; that is no blocking auto-recloser
condition is met.
4. The binary input of the operation circuit status of the CB (BI_LowPres_Cls) is “0”; i.e. the CB
is ready for reclosing.
If the auto-recloser is ready, there is a full charged battery sign on the right bottom of LCD.
tCBCls 100ms
[BI_52b]
&
[FD.Pkp]
tCBRdy 0
[BI_LowPres_Cls]
& 79.Ready
0 tPWBlk
[79.Blk] &
[79.En]
[79.En1]
Where:
[BI_52b] is the binary input for inputting the normally closed contact of the circuit breaker;
[BI_LowPres_Cls] is the binary input for inputting the CB closing low pressure signal;
“tCBCls ” is the setting [79.t_CBClsd] of the minimum time delay for ensuring the CB is closed;
“tCBRdy ” is the setting [79.t_CBReady] of the time delay for ensuring the CB is ready;
“tPWBlk ” is the setting [79.t_DDO_BlkAR] of the pulse width for ensuring the AR blocking
signal.
The auto-reclosing startup logic diagram is shown in Figure 3.15-3. To prevent the auto-reclosing
startup element from undesired operation, this relay takes the currents into account (the signal
[79.OnLoad]). Only when the circuit breaker has tripped completely, the auto-recloser will be put
into service.
The following conditions must be satisfied in the synchro check auto -reclosing function.
3. The voltage difference between the protection voltage and the synchro-check voltage
(ΔU = |UProt - USy n × [25.U_Comp]|) is less than the setting [25A.U_Diff];
4. The frequency of protection voltage and the frequency of synchro -check voltage are in
the range fn ± 5Hz (fn: the rated system frequency);
5. The frequency difference between the protection voltage and the synchro-check voltage
(Δf = |fProt - fSy n|) is less than the setting [25A.f_Diff];
6. The phase angle difference between the protection voltage and the synchro-check
voltage (Δδ = |ΦProt – (ΦSy n + [25.phi_Comp])|) is less than the setting [25A.phi_Diff].
For the details about the settings [25.U_Comp] and [25.phi_Comp], see Section 7.4.1.
If the above conditions are satisfied at the same time for longer than [25A.t_SynChk], the
signal of the synchronism check of the auto-recloser “25A.Ok_SynChk” is issued.
When the reclosing operation is executed, this relay checks the synchronism check closing
conditions in the period of the setting [25A.t_Wait]. If the synchro check closing conditions are
satisfied, this relay will issue the reclosing command.
The logic diagram of the synchronism check element for the auto-recloser is shown as below.
Figure 3.15-5 Logic diagram of the synchr onism check element for AR
Where:
“ΔU” is the voltage difference of the protection voltage and the synchro-check voltage;
“Δf” is the frequency difference of the protection voltage and the synchro-check voltage;
“Δδ” is the angle difference of the protection voltage and the synchro-check voltage;
[25A.U_Diff] is the voltage difference setting of the synchronism check function for the
auto-recloser;
[25A.f_Diff] is the frequency difference setting of the synchronism check function for the
auto-recloser;
[25A.phi_Diff] is the phase angle difference setting of the synchronism check function for
the auto-recloser;
“tARSy nChk ” is the setting [25A.t_SynChk], the time setting of the synchronism check
function for the auto-recloser.
In dead check mode case, the relay checks the protection voltage and synchro-check voltage.
There are several kinds of dead check modes which are supported in this relay and the dead
check mode can be selected according to the demands of a practical engineering by the
setting [25A.Opt_DdChk].
The relationship between the setting [25A.Opt_DdChk] and the dead check mode is listed in
following table.
The logic diagram of the dead check element for the auto-recloser is shown as below.
Where:
[25.U_Dd] the voltage setting for denoting whether the system is dead;
[25.U_Lv] the voltage setting for denoting whether the system is live;
“tARDdChk ” is the setting [25A.t_DdChk], the time setting of the dead check function for the
auto-recloser;
[25A.Opt_DdChk] is the setting for selecting the dead check mode of the auto-recloser.
Non-check mode
In non-check mode case, the reclosing is permitted without taking the value , phase angle and
frequency of the two voltages into account. After the reclosing delay time, this relay will issue
a reclosing signal, if all the other reclosing conditions are ready.
If the two settings [79.En_SynChk] and [79.En_DdChk] are set as “0”, the non-check mode will be
in service. If one of the two settings [79.En_SynChk] and [79.En_DdChk] is set as “1”, the relevant
reclosing check mode will be in service. If the two settings [79.En_SynChk] and [79.En_DdChk]
are set as “1” together, the two reclosing check modes will be in service; and if anyone of the
reclosing check modes is met, the corresponding check output is for the auto-reclosing.
After the auto-recloser is put into service successfully, and if anyone of the following cases occurs
at anytime in normal operation situation, the relay will block the auto-recloser automatically at
once.
3. The VT failure occurs and it is detected by the relay ([VTS.Alm_SynVT] = 1 or [VTS.Alm] = 1),
if the reclosing check mode is dead check mode.
4. The blocking signal of the auto-recloser “79.Blk” is “1”; that is at least one of the blocking
auto-recloser conditions is met. The blocking auto-recloser conditions can be configured for
blocking the auto-recloser through the PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary software
5. The binary input of the closing operation circuit status of the CB (BI_LowPres_Cls) is “1”; i.e.
the CB is not ready for reclosing ([BI_LowPres_Cls] = 1).
If the auto-recloser is blocked, there is an empty battery sign on the right bottom of LCD.
All the settings of the auto-recloser are listed in the following table. For the information about the
common explanation of the settings, see Section 7.3.
The settings about the check function of the auto-recloser are listed in the following table. For the
information about the common explanation of the settings, see Section 7.4.
ManCls_Cmd
25M.Ok_SynChk
& ManCls.Inprog
[25M.En_SynChk]
25M.BI_EnSynChk
25M.Ok_DdChk
[25M.En_DdChk]
25M.BI_EnDdChk
Where:
“25M.Ok_SynChk” is the result of the synchronism check of the manual closing function;
“25M.Ok_DdChk” is the result of the dead check of the manual closing function;
“25M.BI_EnSynChk” is the binary input for enabling the synchronism check mode, and it can
be configured through the PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary software;
“25M.BI_EnDdChk” is the binary input for enabling the dead check mode, and it can be
configured through the PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary software;
[25M.En_SynChk] is the logic setting of the synchronism check of the manual closing;
[25M.En_DdChk] is the logic setting of the dead check of the manual closing.
This relay provides three check modes for the manual closing function (local or remote closing):
synchronism check mode, dead check mode and non-check mode. Each mode can be selected
through the relevant logic settings.
The following conditions must be satisfied in the synchro check manual closing function.
3. The voltage difference between the protection voltage and the synchro-check voltage
(ΔU = |UProt - USy n × [25.U_Comp]|) is less than the setting [25M.U_Diff];
4. The frequency of protection voltage and the frequency of synchro -check voltage are in
the range fn ± 5Hz (fn: the rated system frequency);
5. The frequency difference between the protection voltage and the synchro-check voltage
(Δf = |fProt - fSy n|) is less than the setting [25M.f_Diff];
6. The rate-of-change of the frequency difference (dΔf/dt) is less than the setting [25M.df/dt]
to decrease the disturbance to the power system when the CB is closed;
7. The phase angle difference between the protection voltage and the synchro-check
voltage (Δδ = |ΦProt – (ΦSy n + [25.phi_Comp])|) is less than the setting [25M.phi_Diff].
For the details about the settings [25.U_Comp] and [25.phi_Comp], see Section 7.4.1.
If the above conditions are satisfied at the same time, the signal of the s ynchronism check of
the manual closing “25M.Ok_SynChk” is issued.
When the manual closing operation is executed, this relay checks synchronism check closing
conditions in the period of the setting [25M.t_Wait]. If the synchro check closing conditions
are satisfied, this relay will issue the closing command.
The logic diagram of the manual closing synchronism check element is shown as below.
[25M.En_SynChk]
Figure 3.16-2 Logic diagram of the synchr onism check element for manual closing
Where:
“ΔU” is the voltage difference of the protection voltage and the synchro-check voltage;
“Δf” is the frequency difference of the protection voltage and the synchro-check voltage;
“Δδ” is the angle difference of the protection voltage and the synchro-check voltage;
[25M.U_Diff] is the voltage difference setting of the synchronism check function for the
manual closing;
[25M.f_Diff] is the frequency difference setting of the synchronism check function for the
manual closing;
[25M.df/dt] is the frequency rate-of-change setting of the synchro check closing function
for the manual closing;
[25M.phi_Diff] is the phase angle difference setting of the synchronism check function for
the manual closing.
In dead check mode case, the relay checks the protection voltage and synchro-check voltage.
There are several kinds of dead check modes which are supported in this relay and the dead
check mode can be selected according to the demands of a practical engineering by the
setting [25M.Opt_DdChk].
The relationship between the setting [25M.Opt_DdChk] and the dead check mode is listed in
following table.
The logic diagram of the manual closing dead check element is shown as below.
Figure 3.16-3 Logic diagram of the dead check element for manual closing
Where:
[25.U_Dd] the voltage setting for denoting whether the system is dead;
[25.U_Lv] the voltage setting for denoting whether the system is live;
[25M.Opt_DdChk] is the setting for selecting the dead check mode of the manual
closing.
Non-check mode
In non-check mode case, the manual closing is permitted without taking the value, phase
angle and frequency of the two voltages into account. If all the other manual closing
conditions are ready, this relay will issue a manual closing signal.
If the two settings [25M.En_SynChk] and [25M.En_DdChk] are set as “0”, and the two binary
inputs “25M.BI_EnSynChk” and “25M.BI_EnDdChk” are not energized, the non-check mode will
be in service. If the setting [25M.En_SynChk] is set as “1” or the binary input “25M.BI_EnSynChk”
is energized, the synchronism check mode will be in service; and if the setting [25M.En_DdChk] is
set as “1” or the binary input “25M.BI_EnDdChk” is energized, the dead check mode will be in
service. If the synchronism check mode and the dead check mode are in service at the same time;
and if anyone of the manual closing check modes is met, the corresponding check output is for the
manual closing.
4 Supervision
Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 4.2-1 Logic diagram of the 52b contact supervision e lement................................... 4-2
Figure 4.2-3 Logic diagram of the synchro-check VTS element .......................................... 4-4
Figure 4.2-5 Principle of the TCS function with two binary inputs ...................................... 4-5
4.1 Overview
Though the protection system is in non-operating state under normal conditions, it is waiting for a
power system fault to occur at any time and must operate for the fault without fail.
When the equipment is in energizing process before the LED “HEALTHY” is on, the equipment
needs to be checked to ensure there are no errors. Therefore, the automatic supervision function,
which checks the health of the protection system during startup and normal operation procedure,
plays an important role.
The numerical relay based on the microprocessor operations has the capability for implementing
this automatic supervision function of the protection system.
In case a fatal fault is detected during automatic supervision, the equipment will be blocked out. It
means that this relay is out of service. Therefore you must re-energize the relay or even replace a
module to make this relay back into service.
The MCU, RAM, ROM chips in this relay are monitored continuously to ensure whether they are
damaged or have some errors.
If any one of them is detected damaged or having error, this relay will be blocked, the alarm signal
[Fail_Device] will be issued, and the LED indicator “HEALTHY” will be off at the same time.
If anyone of the active settings is confirmed to be modified, this relay will be blocked, the alarm
signals [Fail_Device] and [Fail_Setting] will be issued; meanwhile, if the modified setting is out of
the appointed range, the alarm signal [Fail_Setting_OvRange] will be issued at the same time.
The LED indicator “HEALTHY” will be off at the same time.
If anyone of the items of the setting file is changed (the program of this relay is updated), the
alarm signal [Fail_SettingItem_Chgd] will be issued. The LED indicator “HEALTHY” will be off at
the same time.
If the settings which are from the HMI module to the main CPU module are not in accordance with
the current settings of the main CPU module, the alarm signal [Alm_ Setting_MON] will be issued.
The LED indicator “ALARM ” will be on at the same time.
If the relay detects that the tripped auxiliary contact position is on (i.e., the value of [BI_52b] is “1”.),
meanwhile any phase current is greater than 0.04In, and such a condition keeps for longer than
10 seconds, the alarm signals [Alm_Device] and [Alm_52b] will be issued, and the LED indicator
“ALARM ” will be on at the same time.
The logic diagram of the tripped position contact supervision function is shown as below.
Ia > 0.04In
Ib > 0.04In Prot.OnLoad
Ic > 0.04In
Prot.OnLoad
10s 0
& [Alm_52b]
[BI_52b]
If the binary input [BI_LowPres_Cls] is energized for longer than 15s, this relay will issue the
alarm signals [Alm_Device] and [Alm_LowPres_Cls]; and the LED indicator “ALARM ” will be on at
the same time. The auto-recloser and the first remote closing output functions are blocked.
If the binary input [BI_LowPres_Trp] is energized for longer than 5s, this relay will issue the alarm
signals [Alm_Device] and [Alm_LowPres_Trp] 5s later, and the LED indicator “ALARM ” will be on
at the same time. The first remote tripping output function is blocked.
The VTS logic in the relay is designed to detect the voltage failure and automatically adjust the
configuration of protective elements whose stability would otherwise be compromised. A time
delay alarm output is also available.
Protection VT supervision
If this relay detects any one of the following two conditions is satisfied, it means that the
(2) The positive phase sequence voltage is less than 30V, and any of the phase currents is
greater than 0.04In.
Then the alarm signals [Alm_Device] and [VTS.Alm] are issued 10s later, and the LED
“ALARM ” will be on at the same time. When the protection VT status returns to normal
condition, the alarm will restore automatically 1.25s later. In case the protection VT circuit is
failed, these protective elements dependent on voltage will be blocked.
If the fast VT failure is detected, the internal signal “VTS.InstAlm” will be “1” without any time
delay. In the fast VTS element, the phase current or the negative sequence current must be
taken into account.
Prot.OnLoad
& 10s 0
U1 < 30V
U2 > 8V
& [VTS.Alm]
&
I2 < [VTS.I2_Set]
Ia < [VTS.I_Set]
Ib < [VTS.I_Set] & &
Ic < [VTS.I_Set]
& VTS.InstAlm
U1 < 15V
[Sig_MCB_VTS]
[VTS.En]
Where:
[VTS.I2_Set] is the negative sequence current setting of the protection VTS function;
[Sig_MCB_VTS] is the VT supervision input from VT’s miniature circuit breaker (MCB)
auxiliary contact which shows the MCB whether is opened;
Synchro-check VT supervision
This function is used to supervise the synchro-check voltage transformer circuit. When the
setting [VTS.En_SynVT] is set as “1”, if the difference between the measured synchro-check
voltage (“Ux”) and the setting [Syn.U2n] is greater than 15V for longer than 10s, the alarm
signals [Alm_Device] and [VTS.Alm_SynVT] will be issued, and the LED “ALARM ” will be on
at the same time. When the status of the synchro-check VT returns to normal condition, the
alarm will restore automatically 1.25s later.
[79.En_SynChk]
[79.En_DdChk]
10s 0
|Ux – [Syn.U2n]| > 15V
& [VTS.Alm_SynVT]
[VTS.En_SynVT]
Where:
[79.En_SynChk] is the logic setting of the synchronism check mode of the auto -recloser;
[79.En_DdChk] is the logic setting of the dead check mode of the auto-recloser.
The main purpose of the current transformer supervision (CTS) function is to detect faults in the
secondary circuits of the current transformer and avoid influence on the operation of relevant
protection functions. This current transformer supervision (CTS) function will be in operation at
any time, whether the general fault detection picks up or not.
1. The calculated zero sequence current is greater than the setting [CTS.3I0_Set];
2. The calculated zero sequence voltage is less than the setting [CTS.3U0_Set].
If a CT circuit failure is detected, the alarm signals [Alm_Device] and [CTS.Alm] will be issued,
and the LED indicator “ALARM ” will be on at the same time.
If the fast CT circuit failure is detected, the internal signal [CTS.InstAlm] will be “1” without any
time delay.
Where:
If there has no phase current to be led to this relay, the setting [CTS.En] must be set as “0”.
If the time synchronization function is enabled in this relay, but this relay detects the time
synchronization is not correct, the alarm signals [Alm_Device] and [Alm_TimeSyn] will be issued
and the LED indicator “ALARM ” will be on at the same time.
In this manual, a scheme which uses two independent binary inputs to supervise the tripping
circuit is recommended.
The following figure show the recommended scheme for tripping circuit supervision and the logic
diagram of the TCS function.
DC+ DC-
52a TC
BTJ
52b
Figure 4.2-5 Principle of the TCS function with two binary inputs
Where:
[B07.BI_02] is the binary input which is serial connected with the “52b” contact.
If the CRC code of the received frame from opposite device through FO channel is not correct, the
alarm signals [FO.Alm_CRC] and [FO.Alm] will be issued and the LED indicator “ALARM ” will be
on at the same time.
If the received frame from opposite device through FO channel is not valid, the alarm signals
[FO.Alm_NoValFram] and [FO.Alm] will be issued and the LED indicator “ALARM ” will be on at
the same time.
If the received data from opposite device through FO channel is not synchronized with local
sampled data, the alarm signals [FO1.Alm_Connect] and [FO.Alm] will be issued and the LED
indicator “ALARM ” will be on at the same time.
For the alarm signal [FO.Alm_ID], see Section 3.3.1. And the LED indicator “ALARM ” will be on at
the same time.
5 Management Function
Table of Contents
List of Figures
5.1 Overview
The relay provides some management functions, such as protection sampling, metering, remote
control, signaling, event recording and fault and disturbance recording etc. All these functions can
ensure this relay meets the requirements of a modern power grid.
5.2 Measurement
This relay produces a variety of both directly and calculated power system quantities. Two kinds of
measurements are supported in this relay: protection sampling and metering. All these
measurands also can be transmitted to the SAS or RTU through communication. See Chapter 10
for more information about the communication and protocols.
5.2.2 Metering
This relay samples the metering values with 48-point sampling rate per cycle. These metering
values are being undated per 0.5s and can be viewed in the submenu “Measurement2” of this
relay or via relay communication. See Section 8.2.3 for more details about the metering values.
This relay can receive the control commands to trip or close the circuit breaker. Up to 5 groups of
output relays in this relay can be configured as control outputs (closing and tripping). And only the
first closing output (local or remote) can be configured with synchronism check or dead check.
The control function includes local control and remote control. The local control command can be
gotten through the binary inputs or the submenu “Control” (see Section 8.2.8.4). The remote
control command can be from the substation automatic system through the communication.
Before executing a remote control command, it is necessary to put the control switch at the
“Remote” position to make the binary signal [Ctrl.Sig_EnCtrl] be “1”.
Each control output can be control with an interlock module (which can be configured through the
PCS-Explorer) if the corresponding interlock logic setting (see Section 7.4.3) is set as “1”. If it
makes the control outputs without interlock control in such a situation, the bi nary signal
[Ctrl.Sig_Unblock] should be “1”.
The remote control commands include remote tripping command, remote closing command etc.
See Chapter 10 for more information about the communication and protocols.
Control PCS-9613
Switch Tripping
Button
Ctrlx.ManTrp
Closing
Local Tripping Output
Button
Control Ctrlx.ManCls
DC+
Ctrl.In_EnCtrl
Communication
Remote control
SAS
5.4 Signaling
This relay has some programmable binary inputs which are used to monitor the contact positions
of the corresponding bay, or be used in protection logics or for releasing or blocking the relevant
protective element, or be used in supervision logics calculation for supervision alarm elements .
The binary inputs can be configured according to the engineering demands thro ugh the
PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary software.
The binary input state change confirmation time of each binary input is configurable according to
practical application through the PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary software, and the
default binary input state change confirmation time of the binary inputs is 10ms.
See Section 8.2.4 for more details about the binary inputs.
This relay supports the event recording functions which can record all the events happened in this
relay. So it is very convenient for the user to view the history records.
This relay provides the fault and disturbance recording facility for recording the sampled values of
the fault and disturbance wave when a fault is occurred in the power system. The 64 latest fault
and disturbance records can be recorded in this relay, and each wave record includes up to 10000
fault sampled points (24 sampled points per cycle).
The current and voltage sampled values, the binary input signals and the protection operation
signals are contained in the fault and disturbance wave record, and the analog value sampling rate
is 24 points per cycle. The format of the wave complies with the “COMTRADE” standard.
There are several conditions which can trigger the fault and disturbance recording of this relay.
Each waveform includes the wave recording data both before and after the fault. Each trigger
element operation will extend the wave recording time, until the appointed time delay is over after
the trigger element restores, or until the maximum number of wave recording points is reached.
This relay can switch the setting group number if this relay is in normal operation situation. Two
fixed methods for switching the setting group number are described in Section 8.2.6.4. Another
method for changing the setting group number through four special binary inputs can be supported
by this relay, if this function is enabled. Four general binary inputs can be configured as signal
inputs for switching the setting group number through PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary
software. This method only can switch four groups of settings (setting group 1 to 4).
The BI_ChgSG.in_sgx (x: 1~4) is used to change the setting group. When anyone is energized
(status “0” to “1”), the corresponding setting group is put into service. If more than one binary input
is energized (status “0” to “1”), only one setting group is put into service according to the following
priority sequence: group 1, group 2, group 3 and group 4. For example, the setting g roup 1 is in
service now, if the binary inputs [BI_ChgSG.in_sg2] and [BI_ChgSG.in_sg3] are energized at the
same time, the setting group 2 will be put into service. Additionally, if the energized binary input
[BI_ChgSG.in_sgx] (x: 1~4) is not energized any more, that means all the four binary inputs are
not energized, the running setting group will not change.
6 Hardware
Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 6.1-2 Front panel of this relay without control buttons............................................. 6-2
Figure 6.1-3 Front panel of this relay with control buttons .................................................. 6-2
Figure 6.2-1 Rack, back plane and slot allocation of this relay ........................................... 6-4
6.1 Overview
The modular design of this relay allows the relay to be easily upgraded or repaired by a qualified
service person. The faceplate is hinged to allow easy access to the configurable modules, and
back-plugging structure design makes it easy to repair or replace any module.
There are several types of hardware modules in this relay; each module takes a different part in
this relay. The relevant modules can be selected according to the practical engineering demands.
These modules which are supported in this relay and their module codes are listed as below.
Main
Binary
DSP e.g. CB
outputs
ARM
Time
HMI Synchronization
e.g. IRIG-B
Power
Supply
PS LCD LED Print
These modules can be freely equipped in the basic enclosure of this relay (see Section 6.2), and
the relationship between the module and the slot number is listed as below.
The following figures show the front panel and the rear panel of this device.
PCS-9613
1
HEALTHY
11 DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
2 12
ALARM
3 13
4 14
5 15
6 16
7 17
8 18
9 19
10 20
P
GR
ESC ENT
PCS-9613
1
HEALTHY
11 DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
2 12
ALARM
3 13
4 14
5 15
6 16
7 17
8 18
R
9 19
L
10 20
P
GR
ENT
ESC
01
TX 01 02
02
03
03 04 04
RX 05
05 06
06
07
08
07 08
09 10
09
10
11 12 11
12
13 14
13
15 16
14
15
17 18 16
17
19 20
18
19
21 22
20 PWR+
23 24
21 PWR-
22 GND
25 26
NOTICE!
NOTICE!
The No.8 slot is reserved for some special demands, if the present hardware
configuration can not meet the special demands.
CAUTION!
Do NOT look into the end of an optical fiber connected to an optical port.
The basic enclosure of this relay is an electronic equipment rack (see Figure 6.2-1) with an
adequate number of slots for all these modules. The basic rack is equipped with a back plane
(mother board), and the back plane provides some back plane lines for distributing signals within
the enclosure.
The rack, back plane and the slot allocation of this relay is shown as below. The hardware module
configuration is in accordance with the Figure 6.1-4.
Slot: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
NR4501/02/03/04
NR4304/NR4305
NR4106
NR4202
NR4412
NR4521
Figure 6.2-1 Rack, back plane and slot allocation of this relay
The human machine interface (HMI) module is installed on the front panel of this device. It is used
to observe the running status and event information on the LCD, and configure the protection
settings and device operation mode. It can help the user to know the status of this relay and
detailed event information easily, and provide convenient and friendly access interface for the user.
Please see Chapter 8 for further details about how to access the human machine interface.
The power supply module is a power supply converter with electrical insulation between input and
output, and a maximum output power of 30W. The power supply module has an input voltage
range as described in Section 2.1.1.1. The power supply module can provide two groups of +5Vdc
power supply outputs for other modules in this relay. The tolerances of the output voltages are
continuously monitored.
The use of an external miniature circuit breaker is recommended. The miniature circuit breaker
must be in the on position when the device is in operation and in the off position when the device
is in cold reserve.
The power supply module also provides binary outputs which are used to send out some
necessary binary output signals according to the relevant commands from the CPU module, and
these binary outputs only can be used as tripping and closing (protection, auto-recloser or remote
control) outputs by setting the relevant settings.
There are two types of main power supply modules: NR4304A and NR4305A. The module
NR4304A can support 110V~250V power supply input; and the module NR4305A can support
24V~48V power supply input. The view of the power supply module is shown in Figure 6.4-1.
NR4304 NR4305
01 01
02 02
03 03
04 04
05 05
06 06
07 07
08 08
09 09
10 10
11 11
12 12
13 13
14 14
15 15
16 16
17 17
18 18
19 19
20 PWR+ 20 PWR+
21 PWR- 21 PWR-
22 GND 22 GND
NR4304A NR4305A
A 22-pin connector is fixed on the front side of this module. The terminal definition of the
connector is described as below.
Pin connections on the 22-pin connector of the power supply modules NR4304A and NR4305A:
The main CPU module is the central part of this equipment, and contains a powerful microchip
processor and some necessary electronic elements. This powerful processor performs all of the
functions for the relay: the protection functions, the communication management functions. There
are several A/D conversion circuits on this module, which are used to convert the AC analog
signals to corresponding DC signals for fulfilling the demand of the electrical level standard. A
high-accuracy clock chip is contained in this module, it provide accurate current time for this relay.
The functional details of the main CPU module are listed as below:
Protection calculations
The main CPU module can calculate protective elements (such as overcurrent element, zero
sequence overcurrent etc.) on the basis of the analog sampled values (voltages and currents)
and binary inputs, and then decides whether the device needs to trip or close.
Communication management
The main CPU module can effectively manage all communication procedures, and reliably
send out some useful information through its various communication interfaces. T hese
interfaces are used to communicate with a SAS or a RTU. It also can communicate with the
human machine interface module. If an event occurs (such as SOE, protective tripping event
etc.), this module will send out the relevant event information through these interfaces, and
make it be easily observed by the user.
Auxiliary calculations
Based on the voltage and current inputs, the main CPU module also can calculate out the
metering values, such as active power, reactive power and power factor etc. All these values
can be sent to a SAS or a RTU through the communication interfaces.
Time Synchronization
This module has a local clock chip and an interface to receive time synchronized signals from
external clock source. These signals include PPS (pulse per second) signal and IRIG -B
signal. Basing on the timing message (from SAS or RTU) and the PPS signal, or basing on
the IRIG-B signal, this module can synchronize local clock with the standard clock.
There are three types of main CPU modules, and the view of the main CPU module is shown in
Figure 6.5-1.
TX
RX
TX
RX
A 16-pin or 7-pin connector is fixed on the front side of the module. The terminal definition of the
connector is described as below.
Pin connections on the connector of the main CPU module NR4106AA and NR4106AC:
05 RTS
The interface for connecting with a printer, the EPSON ® LQ-300K printer is
06 TXD
recommended.
07 SGND
Two jumpers for the IRIG-B time synchronization interface is shown as below.
The analog input module can transform high AC input values to relevant low AC output value,
which are suited to the analog inputs of the main CPU module. The transformers are used both to
step-down the currents and voltages to levels appropriate to the relay’s electronic circuitry and to
provide effective isolation between the relay and the power system. A low pass filter circuit is
connected to each transformer (CT or VT) secondary circuit for reducing the noise of each analog
AC input signal.
There are two types of analog input modules: NR4412 with 26 pins and NR4412 with 24 pins. The
view of the analog input module is shown in Figure 6.6-1.
NR4412 NR4412
01 02 01 02
03 04 03 04
05 06 05 06
07 08 07 08
09 10 09 10
11 12 11 12
13 14 13 14
15 16 15 16
17 18 17 18
19 20 19 20
21 22 21 22
23 24 23 24
25 26
26-pin 24-pin
NOTICE!
The rated value of the current transformer is optional: 1A or 5A. The rated value of the
CT must be definitely declared in the technical scheme and the contract. Because the
rated value of the current transformer is optional, it is necessary to check whether the
rated value of the current transformer inputs is according to the demand of the
engineering scheme before the device is put into operation.
DANGER!
NEVER allow the current transformer (CT) secondary circuit connected to this relay to
be opened while the primary system is energized. The opened CT secondary circuit will
produce a dangerously high voltage. If this safety precaution is disregarded, personal
death, severe personal injury or considerable equipment damage will occur.
A 26-pin or 24-pin connector is fixed on the front side of this module. The terminal definition of the
connector is described as below.
Pin connections on the connector of the analog input module NR4412 with 26 pins:
25 Icm
The input of the current of the C phase for metering.
26 Icmn
Pin connections on the connector of the analog input module NR4412 with 24 pins:
A B C A B C
11 Ia 11 Ia
12 Ian 12 Ian
13 Ib 13 Ib
14 Ibn 14 Ibn
15 Ic 15 Ic
16 Icn 16 Icn
17 I0
(1) 18 I0n 17 I0
18 I0n
A B C
(2)
11 Ia
12 Ian
13 Ib
14 Ibn
15 Ic
16 Icn
17 I0 19 I0s
18 I0n 20 I0sn
(3) (4)
Where:
(1) Current connections to three current transformers with a star-point connection for ground
current (zero sequence current or residual current).
(2) Current connections to three current transformers with a separate ground current
transformer (summation current transformer or core balance current transformer) .
(3) Current connections to two current transformers with a separate ground current
transformer (summation current transformer or core balance current tran sformer), only
for ungrounded or compensated networks.
(4) Current connection to a core balance neutral current transformer for sensitive ground
fault detection, only for ungrounded or compensated networks.
A B C A B C
05 Ux
52 52 52 05 Ux 52 52 52
06 Uxn
06 Uxn
01 Ua 01 Ua
02 Ub 02 Ub
03 Uc 03 Uc
04 Un 04 Un
(1) (2)
Where:
(1) Voltage connections to three star-connected voltage transformers and additionally to any
phase voltage (for synchronism check).
(2) Voltage connections to three star-connected voltage transformers and additionally to any
phase-to-phase voltage (for synchronism check).
CT Requirements
-- Rated short-time thermal current “Ith” and rated dynamic current “Idy n”:
Performance Verification
Example
Esl = kalf × Isn × (Rct + Rbn) = kalf × Isn × (Rct + Sbn / Isn2)
Esl’ = k × Ipcf × Isn × (Rct + Rb) / Ipn = k × Ipcf × Isn × (Rct + (Rr + 2RL + Rc )) / Ipn
The binary output module consists of some necessary contact outputs, and the binary outputs are
used as tripping and closing (protection, auto-recloser or remote control) outputs or signal outputs.
It can receive tripping commands or closing commands from the main CPU module, and then act
according to these commands. It also can output some alarm signals from the main CPU module.
There is only one type of binary output module: NR4521C. The view of the binary output module is
shown in Figure 6.7-1.
NR4521C
NR4521C
A 22-pin connector is fixed on the front side of this module. The terminal definition of the
connector is described as below.
Pin connections on the 22-pin connector of the binary output module NR4521C:
The binary input module contains some binary inputs which are used to monitor the contact
positions of the corresponding bay, and all the binary inputs are configurable through
PCS-Explorer configuration tool. Some of them are used as general purpose binary inputs, and
others are used as special purpose binary inputs. These binary inputs are all optical isolated
binary inputs.
The regular optical isolated binary inputs are used to monitor the position of the regular binary
signals; the special optical isolated binary inputs are used to monitor the position of the special
binary signals, which must be taken into account in the protection and interlock logic calculations
of the main CPU module.
There are four types of binary input modules: NR4501, NR4502, NR4503 and NR4504. The view
of the binary input module is shown in Figure 6.8-1.
A 22-pin connector is fixed on the front side of this module. The terminal definition of the
connector is described as below.
Pin connections on the 22-pin connector of the binary input module NR4501:
Pin connections on the 22-pin connector of the binary input module NR4503:
Pin connections on the 22-pin connector of the binary input module NR4502:
15 BI_08+
The No.8 programmable binary input
16 BI_08-
17 BI_09+
The No.9 programmable binary input
18 BI_09-
19 BI_10+
The No.10 programmable binary input
20 BI_10-
21 BI_11+
The No.11 programmable binary input
22 BI_11-
Pin connections on the 22-pin connector of the binary input module NR4504:
The FO channel module is used to interchange data between two differential protection devices.
NR4202
TX
RX
NR4202F
7 Settings
Table of Contents
7.1 Overview
The settings are used to determine the characteristic of each protective element and operation
mode of the relay. It is necessary to configure the settings of this relay according to engineering
demands before putting this relay into service. If the settings are not configured correctly, this
relay maybe works abnormally (such as communication interruption, printing out unexpected
codes etc.); it also can lead to much more serious accident (such as unwanted operation, missing
operation) sometimes.
The settings of this relay include system settings, protection settings, communication settings and
miscellaneous settings. The user can configure these settings or parameters manually (see
Section 8.2.6.2). Remote modification is also supported (IEC61850, IEC60870-5-103 or DNP3.0
interface, see Chapter 10 for the details about these protocols).
NOTICE!
If a main CPU module is replaced, it is necessary to configure all the settings again
according to the configuration of the main CPU module which is replaced.
The system settings (in the submenu “System Settings”) are mainly used to set the rated value
of VT and CT.
Setting explanations
1. The system settings are related to the protection activities, thus it is necessary to configure
theses settings according to actual conditions.
2. The setting [Opt_3I0] is used to select the zero sequence current source. Setting the value of
[Opt_3I0] as “1” means that the zero sequence current is self-calculated, and setting the
value as “0” means that the zero sequence current is derived from specific zero sequence CT.
The default value is “0” when the equipment is delivered.
The protection settings (in the submenu “Prot Settings”) are used to decide the characteristics of
the protective elements. There are up to 10 groups of protection settings in this relay.
NOTICE!
1. Before configuring the settings, the setting group must be configured firstly.
3. In general, for switch onto fault protection and accelerated protection, it is necessary to set a
time delay from decades to 100ms. Thanks to there is no 100ms time delay in the numerical
protection equipment as there in the traditional protection equipment in the past, thus it can
not avoid surge current when CB is closing if the time is set as 0.00s. For residual overcurrent
when switch onto fault and residual accelerate protection, there is zero sequence surge
current when CB is closing.
4. To a certain protection element, only when the logic setting and the state of enabling input
signal are “1”, and the state of the blocking input signal is “0” at the same time, then the
corresponding protection element is enabled, otherwise it is disabled.
5. The setting [XXXX.OutMap] is used to select the binary outputs of the module NR4304 and
the module NR4521 to send the related protection tripping or closing signal to the circuit
breaker. Each bit can control one output, and if it is set as “1”, the related protection tripping
or closing signal can be sent to the circuit breaker through the selected binary output.
Some of the protective elements have a setting (just like [XXXX.OutMap], “XXXX” is the
abbreviation of a protective element, such as 50/51P1, 50/51G1, 59P1 etc.) to configure the
outputs, and they have the same meanings described here. Please refer the content here for
the output matrix setting of each protective element.
All the settings of the current differential protection are listed in the following table.
The overcurrent protection settings (in the submenu “OC Settings”) are used to determine the
characteristic of the overcurrent protection.
All the settings of the overcurrent protection are listed in the following table.
Setting explanations
1. The setting [50/51Px.Opt_Dir] (x: 1~4) is used to select the directional mode for the stage x (x:
1~4) overcurrent protection respectively. “0” is the non-directional mode; “1” is the forward
directional mode; and “2” is the reverse directional mode.
The zero sequence overcurrent protection settings (in the submenu “EF Settings”) are used to
determine the characteristic of the zero sequence overcurrent protection.
All the settings of the zero sequence overcurrent protection are listed in the following table.
Setting explanations
1. The setting [50/51Gx.Opt_Dir] (x: 1~4) is used to select the directional mode for the stage x (x:
1~4) zero sequence overcurrent protection respectively. “0” is the non-directional mode; “1” is
the forward directional mode; and “2” is the reverse directional mode.
All the settings of the sensitive earth fault protection are listed in the following table.
Setting explanations
1. The setting [50/51SEFx.Opt_Dir] (x: 1~4) is used to select the directional mode for the stage
x (x: 1~4) sensitive earth fault protection respectively. “0” is the non-directional mode; “1” is
the forward directional mode; and “2” is the reverse directional mode.
The thermal overload protection settings (in submenu “ThOvLd Settings”) are used to determine
the characteristic of the thermal overload protection.
All the settings of the thermal overload protection are listed in the following table.
All the settings of the negative sequence overcurrent protection are listed in the following table.
The broken conductor protection settings (in the submenu “BrknCond Settings”) are used to
determine the characteristic of the broken conductor protection.
All the settings of the broken conductor protection are listed in the following table.
The breaker failure protection settings (in the submenu “BFP Settings”) are used to determine the
characteristic of the breaker failure protection.
All the settings of the breaker failure protection are listed in the following table.
Setting explanations
1. The setting [50BF.Opt_LogicMode] is used to select the criteria logic of the breaker failure
protection. Four criteria logics based on the phase currents and the circuit breaker state
(based on the binary input [BI_52b]) are supported in this relay.
(A) The maximum phase current is greater than the setting [50BF.I_Set].
The SOTF protection settings (in the submenu “SOTF Settings”) are used to determine the
characteristic of the SOTF protection.
All the settings of the SOTF protection are listed in the following table.
Setting explanations
1. The setting [SOTF.t_En] is used to enable the SOTF protection for the appointed time delay,
when the enabling conditions are satisfied (See Section 3.10).
2. The setting [SOTF.Opt_Mode] is used for selecting the acceleration tripping mode of the
SOTF protection. Setting as “1” means accelerated tripping before auto-reclosing; and setting
as “0” means accelerated tripping after auto-reclosing.
The overvoltage and undervoltage protection settings (in the submenu “VoltProt Settings”) are
used to determine the characteristic of the overvoltage and undervoltage protections.
All the settings of the overvoltage and undervoltage protections are listed in the following table.
Setting explanations
1. See Section 3.10 and Section 3.11 for more details about the settings [27P.Opt_1P/3P],
[27P.Opt_Up/Upp], [59P.Opt_1P/3P] and [59P.Opt_Up/Upp].
The mechanical protection settings (in submenu “MR Prot Settings”) are used to determine the
characteristic of the mechanical protection.
All the settings of the mechanical protection are listed in the following table.
All the settings of the auto-recloser are listed in the following table.
0x0000 ~
16 79.OutMap The output matrix setting of the auto-recloser 1
0x3FFF
Setting explanations
1. If the settings [79.En_SynChk] and [79.En_DdChk] are both set as “0”, it means that the
non-check mode is applied in the auto-reclosing logic.
All the settings of the supervision element are listed in the following table.
The binary output matrix settings (in the submenu “CfgBO Settings”) are used to determine the
parameters of the last eight binary outputs in module NR4304 and NR4521.
All the settings of the binary outputs are listed in the following table.
Setting explanations
1. The setting [Bxx.BO_xx.t_Dwell] (x: a number; 1, 2 etc.) is used to set the dwell time of the
relevant binary output in module NR4304 and NR4521.
The monitor and control settings (in the submenu “BCU Settings”) are used to determine the
parameters of the monitor and control function of this relay.
The closing synchronism check settings (in the submenu “Syn Settings”) are used to determine
the settings of the closing synchronism check function.
All the settings of the closing synchronism check function are listed in the following table.
Setting explanations
1. The settings [25.U_Comp] and [25.phi_Comp] are used to compensate the synchro-check
voltage, and make the compensated synchro-check voltage is equal to the corresponding
protection voltage in normal operation situation.
The settings [25.U_Comp] and [25.phi_Comp] can be set according to following formula.
For example, the synchro-check voltage and the protection are gotten from different sides of
a power transformer respectively.
The synchro-check VT supplies 110V secondary rated voltage while the protection VT
supplies 100V secondary rated voltage. Therefore, this difference must be balanced:
The transformer vector group is defined from the high voltage side to the low voltage side. In
this example, the synchro-check voltage is one of the voltages of the high voltage side, i.e.
the compensation angle setting is 30°(according to the vector group):
[25.phi_Comp] = 30°
2. The setting [25.Opt_Usyn] is used to select the synchro-check voltage source of the
synchronism check element, and this relay can use the corresponding protection voltage for
the synchronism check element.
Setting Value 0 1 2 3 4 5
Voltage Type Ua Ub Uc Uab Ubc Uca
All the settings of the manual control are listed in the following table.
The interlock settings (in the submenu “Interlock Settings”) are used to determine whether the
interlock check of the manual control function (local or remote closing and tripping) is enabled .
All the settings of the interlock check function are listed in the following table.
Setting explanations
1. The interlock check function can be programmed through the PCS-Explorer configuration tool
auxiliary software.
The logic link settings (in the submenu “Logic Links”) are used to determine whether the relevant
function of this relay is enabled or disabled. If this relay supports the logic link function, it will have
a corresponding submenu in the submenu “Logic Links” for the logic link settings.
The function link settings (in the submenu “Function Links”) are used to determine whether the
relevant functional elements are enabled or disabled.
The device related settings (in the submenu “Device Setup”) are used for setting the operation
parameters and communication parameters of this device.
The device settings (in the submenu “Device Settings”) are used for setting the operation
parameters of this device.
Setting explanations
1. The setting [Opt_Caption_103] is used for selecting the language of the group caption when
the IEC60870-5-103 protocol is adopted. If it is set as “1”, the group caption language is
Chinese; if it is set as “2”, the group caption language is English; and if it is set as “0”, the
group caption language is the language which is selected through the submenu “Language”.
2. The setting [B07.Un_BinaryInput] is used for selecting the rated voltage of the binary input.
Setting Value 0 1 2 3 4 5
Rated Voltage 24V 48V 110V 220V 30V 125V
3. The setting [En_DedicatedMeasmtCT] is used for selecting the source of the metering
current values. If it is set as “1”, the calculation of the metering current values is based on the
sampled data from the dedicated metering current transformers of this relay; and if it is s et as
“0”, the calculation of the metering current values is based on the sampled data from the
protection current transformers of this relay.
4. The setting [En_MDisk] is used to decide whether the moveable disk is in service. “1”(Enable):
Use a moveable disk to realize the backup and recovery function; “0”(Disable): Moveable disk
will be disabled. A moveable disk is implemented on the main CPU module to backup and
restore programs, settings and configurations.
Setting explanations
1. Above table listed all the communication settings, the device delivered to the user maybe
only show some settings of them according to the communication interface configuration. If
only the Ethernet ports are applied, the settings about the serial ports ( port A and port B) are
not listed in this submenu. And the settings about the Ethernet ports only listed in this
submenu according to the actual number of Ethernet ports.
2. The standard arrangement of the Ethernet port is two, at most four (predetermined when
ordering). Set the IP address according to actual arrangement of Ethernet numbers and the
unused port/ports need not to be configured. If the PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary
software is connected with this device through the Ethernet, the IP address of the
PCS-Explorer must be set as one of the available IP address of this device.
3. The setting [En_Broadcast] is used to enable or disable this relay to transmit the UDP
broadcast messages when the IEC60870-5-103 protocol is adopted. If it is set as “0”, this
relay does not transmit any UDP broadcast message; and if it is set as “1”, this relay can
transmit UDP broadcast messages.
4. The setting [Addr_RS485A] and [Addr_RS485B] are used to set the communication address
of the serial ports (port A and port B); if a protocol over serial communication is adopted.
Setting Value 0 1 2 3 4 5
Baudrate (bsp) 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200
6. The settings [Protocol_RS485A] and [Protocol_RS485B] are respectively used to set the
communication protocol of each serial port (port A and port B): “0” is “IEC60870-5-103”; “1” is
“ModBus”; and “2” is “DNP3.0”.
Setting Value 0 1 2
Protocol IEC60870-5-103 ModBus DNP3.0
7. The setting [Threshold_Measmt_Net] is used to decide whether the present metering value is
sends forward. Only the change percent of a metering value is greater than this setting, the
relevant metering value can be sent forward.
8. The circle time for sending telemetering [Period_Measmt_Net]: It represents the time period
when this device sends metering data forward. When this setting is set as “0”, it means that
the equipment will not send metering data forward at a fixed time (the inquiry issued by
SCADA still can be responded during this period). This setting may be set according to actual
field condition and can be set as “0” when the communication function is not used. The
default value is “0” when the equipment is delivered.
9. The setting [Format_Measmt] is used to select the metering data format in the GDD (Generic
Data Description) message when the IEC60870-5-103 protocol is adopted. If it is set as “0”,
the metering data format type is “12” (Measurand with Quality Descriptor); and if it is set as
“1”, the metering data format type is “7” (R32.23, IEEE 754).
10. The setting [Opt_TimeSyn] is used to select the external time synchronization source.
If this setting is set as “1”, if this device does not receive time synchronization message or
receives error time synchronization message, it will alarm; and if this setting is set as “0” or
“2”, if this device does not receive the time synchronization signal, it will alarm and switch to
message time synchronization mode automatically.
11. The setting [IP_Server_SNTP] is used to set the IP address of the SNTP server, if this relay
adopts the SNTP time synchronization. If the SNTP time synchronization is not adopted, it is
recommended to set as “000.000.000.000”.
12. If the IEC61850 protocol is adopted in substations, the time tags of communication messages
are required according to UTC (Universal Time Coordinated) time.
The setting [OffsetHour_UTC] is used to set the hour offset of the current time zone to the
GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) zone; for example, if a relay is applied in China, the time zone
th
of China is east 8 time zone, so this setting is set as “8”. The setting [OffsetMinute_UTC] is
used to set the minute offset of the current time zone to the GMT zone.
Time zone GMT zone East 1 st East 2nd East 3rd East 4th East 5 th
Setting 0 1 2 3 4 5
th th th th th
Time zone East 6 East 7 East 8 East 9 East 10 East 11 th
Setting 6 7 8 9 10 11
th st nd rd th
Time zone East/West 12 West 1 West 2 West 3 West 4 West 5th
Setting -12/12 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5
th th th th th
Time zone West 6 West 7 West 8 West 9 West 10 West 11 th
Setting -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11
13. The setting [ReDur_PreTrigDFR] is used to configure the cycle number setting of the wave
recording function before pickup of a trigger element.
14. The setting [DNP_Port_Number] is used to configure Ethernet port number if the DNP3.0
protocol is adopted.
It (the submenu “Copy Settings”) is used to copy the active settings to another group, see
Section 8.2.6.3 for more details.
Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 8.2-4 LCD display of the protection secondary measurement values ..................... 8-6
Figure 8.2-5 LCD display of the status of the general binary inputs.................................... 8-9
Figure 8.2-8 History binary state change report on LCD .................................................... 8-15
Figure 8.2-11 LCD display of the selection of setting group number ................................ 8-18
Figure 8.2-12 LCD display of the selected protection settings .......................................... 8-18
Figure 8.2-13 LCD display of the change of active group .................................................. 8-20
Figure 8.2-14 Control object and command selection interfaces ...................................... 8-24
Figure 8.2-15 Control execution check and interlock selection interfaces ....................... 8-24
Figure 8.2-16 Control type selection interface and execution result interface ................. 8-24
Figure 8.4-1 Password input interface for control operation and setting modification .... 8-35
Figure 8.4-2 Password input interface for modifying settings ........................................... 8-35
8.1 Overview
Furthermore, all above functions can be realized in a remote terminal with special software
through a communication bus via a RS-485 port or an Ethernet port.
This chapter will describe human machine interface (HMI), menu tree and LCD display of the
equipment. In addition, how to input settings using keypad is described in detail.
8.1.1 Design
The human machine interface consists of a human machine interface (HMI) module which allows
the communication as simple as possible for the user. The HMI module includes:
A 240×128-dot matrix backlight LCD visible in dim lighting conditions for monitoring status,
fault diagnostics and setting etc.
Twenty LED indicators on the front panel of this relay for denoting the status of this protection
operation, the color and trigger condition of each LED can be configured through
PCS-Explorer.
A 9-key keypad on the front panel of the device for full access to the device.
An Ethernet interface special for the PCS-Explorer configuration tool; for more details, see the
PCS-Explorer online help brochure or the PCS-Explorer configuration tool instruction manual.
Three buttons and a remote/local control switch with two LED indicators for controlling circuit
breaker and releasing the interlock check logics, if the front panel with control buttons is
selected.
The front panel of the device is shown in Figure 6.1-2 and Figure 6.1-3.
8.1.2 Functionality
The HMI module helps to draw your attention to something that has occurred which may
activate a LED or a report display on the LCD.
You as the operator may have own interest to view a certain data.
Use menus navigate through menu commands and to locate the data of interest.
P
GR
ENT
ESC
01 HEALTHY 11
01 HEALTHY
02 ALARM 12
03 13
Recommended 02 ALARM
04 14
05 15
LED_03 ~ LED_06 are configured as
03 TRIP
06 16
shown in left side, and other LEDs
07 17 (LED_07 ~ LED_20) are configured 04 RECLOSE
08 18 according to the practical requirement
09 19 through the PCS-PC software. 05 CB OPEN
10 20
The “HEALTHY” LED can only be turned on by supplying power to this device again or
rebooting this device.
The “ALARM ” LED is turned on as long as alarm exists. When alarm signals disappear, it will
be turned off.
The “TRIP” LED is turned on once any protection element operates and keeps being on even
after the trip command goes off.
The “RECLOSE” LED is turned on once auto-recloser operates and remains keeps being on
even after the auto-reclosing command goes off.
The “CB OPEN” LED is turned on once when the circuit breaker is in open position.
The “CB CLOSE” LED is turned on once when the circuit breaker is in closing position.
The “TRIP” and “RECLOSE” LEDs and relevant latched binary outputs can be reset by pressing
the key “ENT”+“ESC”, by energizing the binary input [BI_RstTarg] or by executing the
submenu “Reset Target”.
If the front panel with control buttons is selected, there are three buttons, a remote/local control
switch and three LED indicators for controlling circuit breaker and releasing the interlock check
logics. The control buttons is shown in following figure.
R
L
Buttons Remarks
The button is used to close the circuit breaker if the local control mode is selecte d. Press
it down for longer than 3s, this device will output a CB closing signal.
The button is used to open the circuit breaker if the local control mode is selected. Press
it down for longer than 3s, this device will output a CB opening signal.
The button is used to release the interlock check logics . Press it down for longer than 3s,
the LED state is changed. If the LED is on, the interlock check logics are released.
The button is used to select the control mode of the circuit breaker. Press it down, the
R
L
remote control mode is selected and the LED “R” is on; press it up, the local control
mode is selected and the LED “L” is on.
8.2.1 Overview
In this section, the main layout of the menu which is shown on the LCD of the local human
machine interface (HMI) will be described in detail.
The default display on the LCD is shown as below when the device is in normal situation.
S 2011-01-25 11:18:25
Ida 0.011 A
Idb 0.012 A
Idc 0.009 A
Ia 1.198 A
Ib 1.203 A
The first line shows the time synchronization state and the current time of this relay. The sign “S”
on left-top side means this relay receive the clock synchronization signal correctly; if there has
nothing on left-top side, it means the time synchronization is not correct. The current time format of
this relay is “yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss”. The middle part of the LCD shows the measurement for the
protection. The last line shows the last section of the IP address and the setting group number.
When the default screen is being shown, press key “▲” to enter the main menu of this relay.
Measurements
Status
Records
Settings
Print
Local Cmd
The following figure shows the menu tree structure of this device.
MainMenu
Press key “▲”, “▼”, “◄” or “►” to select a submenu and the press key “ENT” to show the details.
NOTICE!
This manual introduces all the submenus and their functions which maybe can be
supplied by this relay. Some submenus are not configured if the relevant functions are
not supported in this relay. So the practical submenus of this relay should be taken as
final and binding.
Purpose:
This menu is used to view the measured values including current, voltage, phase angle and other
calculated quantities.
Access approach:
Move cursor to the item “Measurements” and press key “ENT” to enter its submenu after entering
the main menu of this device.
Here takes viewing the secondary protection measurement values as an example to introduce the
operating steps of viewing the measurements.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Measurements” and press key
“ENT” to enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Measurements1” and press key
“ENT” to enter this submenu.
4. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Secondary Values” and press
key “ENT” to enter this submenu.
Secondary Values
Ida 0.010 A
Idb 0.012 A
Idc 0.009 A
Ia_Rmt 1.245 A
Ia_Rmt 1.247 A
Ic_Rmt 1.243 A
Ia 1.248 A
The following tables show all the measurement values of this relay.
Purpose:
This menu is used to view the state of the binary inputs, binary outputs and supervision alarm
elements of this relay.
Access approach:
Move cursor to the item “Status” and press key “ENT” to enter its submenu after entering the main
menu of this device.
Here takes viewing the status of the general binary inputs as an example to introduce the
operating steps of viewing the status.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Status” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Inputs” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
4. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Contact Inputs” and press key
“ENT” to enter this submenu.
Contact Inputs
B07.BI_01 0
B07.BI_02 0
B07.BI_03 1
B07.BI_04 1
B07.BI_05 0
B07.BI_06 0
B07.BI_07 0
Figure 8.2-5 LCD display of the status of the general binary inputs
The following tables show all the binary signal status of this relay.
The signal symbol of a binary input is “B0x.BI_yy”; “x” is the sequence number of the binary input
module location in the rack of this relay, and “yy” is the sequence number of the binary input at the
binary input module. For the details about the binary inputs, see Section 6.8.
It is only an example in above table, and the GOOSE binary inputs in this relay which are
configured according to a practical engineering should be taken as final and binding.
7 … ……
8 B06.BO_01 The status of the binary output “B06.BO_01”
9 B06.BO_02 The status of the binary output “B06.BO_02”
10 … ……
The signal symbol of a binary output is “B0x.BO_yy”; “x” is the sequence number of the binary
output module location in the rack of this relay, and “yy” is the sequence number of the binary
output at the binary output module. For the details about the binary outputs, see Section 6.4 and
Section 6.7.
It is only an example in above table, and the GOOSE binary outputs in this relay which are
configured according to a practical engineering should be taken as final and binding.
For the details about the supervision alarm element, see Section 4.2.
It is only an example in above table, and the GOOSE alarm elements in this relay which are
configured according to a practical engineering should be taken as final and binding.
Purpose:
This menu is used to view all kinds of history records, such as the protection tripping reports, the
supervision alarm records and the binary state change records etc.
Access approach:
Move cursor to the item “Records” and press key “ENT” to enter its submenu after entering the
main menu of this device.
NOTICE!
Press the key “+”, “-”, “+”, “-” and “ENT” in sequence to enter the submenu for clearing
the history reports.
The history fault report stores the trip elements, trip time and waveform of a selected trip report.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Records” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Disturb Records” and press key
“ENT” to enter this submenu. If there is no report in the selected submenu, it will show “No
Report!” on the LCD.
4. Press key “+” or “-” to view the expected history fault report.
The first line shows the report title and the sequence number of the history trip report, and the
second line shows the operation time of the history trip report. Other lines show the protection
elements and fault information one by one according to the relative time sequence. The fault
information includes fault phase, maximum fault value and minimum fault value. For more
information about the protection elements and fault information, see Section 8.3.1.
The history alarm report stores the alarm elements and alarm time.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Records” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Superv Events” and press key
“ENT” to enter this submenu. If there is no report in the selected submenu, it will show “No
Report!” on the LCD.
4. Press key “+” or “-” to view the expected history alarm report.
The first line shows the report title and the sequence number of the history alarm report, and the
second line shows the alarm time of the history alarm report. Other lines show the alarm elements
and state change information one by one. For more information about the alarm elements, see
Section 8.3.2.
The history binary state change report stores the binary signal name and state change time.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Records” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “IO Events” and press key “ENT”
to enter this submenu. If there is no report in the selected submenu, it will show “No Report!”
on the LCD.
4. Press key “+” or “-” to view the expected history binary state change report.
IO Events NO.98
2011-02-08 15:18:48:198ms
FD.Pkp 0->1
The first line shows the report title and the sequence number of the history binary input state
change report, and the second line shows the binary state change time of the history binary state
change report. Other lines show the binary state change information one by one. For more
information about the binary signals, see Section 8.2.4.
The history user operation report stores the user operation information and user operation time.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Records” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Device Logs” and press key
“ENT” to enter this submenu.
4. Press key “+” or “-” to view the expected history user operation report.
The first line shows the report title and the sequence number of the history user operation report,
and the second line shows the user operation time of the history user operation report. Other lines
show the user operation information.
The history control report stores the control information and control time.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Records” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Control Logs” and press key
“ENT” to enter this submenu.
4. Press key “+” or “-” to view the expected history control report.
The first line shows the report title and the sequence number of the history control report, and the
second line shows the control time of the control report. Other lines show the control information.
Purpose:
The menu is used to view and modify the settings and parameters of this device. Please read
Chapter 7 for the details about all the settings.
Access approach:
Move cursor to the item “Settings” and press key “ENT” to enter its submenu after entering the
main menu of this device.
Here takes viewing the overcurrent protection settings as an example to introduce the operating
steps of viewing the setting.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Settings” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Prot Settings” and press key
“ENT” to enter this submenu.
4. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “OC Settings” and press key
“ENT” to enter the selecting interface of the setting group number.
5. Press key “+” or “-” to select the expected setting group number and then press key “ENT” to
show the settings of the selected group.
OC Settings
Active Group: 01
Selected Group: 01
OC Settings
50/51P.U2_VCE 8.000 V
50/51P.Upp_VCE 70.000 V
50/51P.RCA -45 deg
50/51P.En_VTS_Blk 0
50/51P.K_Hm2 0.200
50/51P.I_Rls_ ... 30.000 A
50/51P.Opt_Hm_Blk 1
The settings can be modified through the local HMI to meet the dema nd of practical engineering.
Operating steps:
1. Refer the Section 8.2.6.1 to locate the cursor on the expected setting, and then press key
“ENT” to enter the setting modification state.
2. Press key “+” or “-” to modify a selected setting, and press key “ENT” to return to the setting
interface (see Figure 8.2-12) after the selected setting modification is finished.
3. Repeat Step “1” and “2” to modify other settings which need to be modified.
4. After finishing the setting modification, press key “ESC” to prompt the user whether to save
the settings. Select “Yes” to confirm to save the modified settings. Then the password input
interface is shown on the LCD. Input the correct password and press key “ENT” to confirm the
modification. If the modification is given up, press key “ESC” to exit the modification operation.
5. After confirming the setting modification, it will show “Saving Settings…” on the LCD. Then the
device will restart, and the new settings will be in service.
NOTICE!
It is necessary to certify whether the modified settings are correct absolutely before
confirming the setting modification.
The last submenu “Copy Settings” is used to copy the active settings to another group.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Settings” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Prot Settings” and press key
“ENT” to enter this submenu.
4. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Copy Settings” and press key
“ENT” to enter the interface for copying settings.
5. Press key “+” or “-” to select the expected setting group number and then press key “ENT” to
show the password input interface.
6. Input the correct password and then press key “ENT” to copy the settings of the active group
to the selected group.
There are two methods which are used to switch one setting group to another group. One method
is to modify the setting [Active_Grp] in submenu “System Settings”. Another method is detailed
Operating steps:
1. Press key “GRP” to enter the setting group switch interface in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “+” or “-” to select the expected setting group number and then press key “ENT” to
show the password input interface.
3. Input the correct password and then press key “ENT” to copy the settings of the active group
to the selected group.
Active Group: 01
Change to Group: 02
Purpose:
The menu is used to print the relevant information of this device. A printer is needed, and the
EPSON® LQ-300K is recommended.
Access approach:
Move cursor to the item “Print” and press key “ENT” to enter its submenu after entering the main
menu of this device.
Here takes printing the overcurrent protection settings as an example to introduce the operating
steps of print a selected item.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Print” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Settings” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
4. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Prot Settings” and press key
“ENT” to enter this submenu.
5. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “OC Settings” and press key
“ENT” to enter the selecting interface of the setting group number.
6. Press key “+” or “-” to select the expected setting group number and then press key “ENT” to
print the settings of the selected group.
The submenu “Cancel Print” is used to cancel the present printing content.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Print” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Cancel Print” and press key
“ENT” to cancel the present printing content. The information “Canceling Print…” is shown on
the LCD.
Purpose:
This menu is used to operate this device locally, such as signal resetting, triggering an
oscillograph, controlling circuit breaker, clearing history statistic counter etc.
Access approach:
Move cursor to the item “Local Cmd” and press key “ENT” to enter its submenu after entering the
main menu of this device.
The submenu “Reset Target” is used to reset the signals and outputs.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Local Cmd” and press key “ENT”
to enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Reset Target” and press key
“ENT” to restore all the signals and relevant outputs of this relay.
The submenu “Trig Oscillogram” is used to trigger this relay to store a waveform.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Local Cmd” and press key “ENT”
to enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Trig Oscillogram” and press key
“ENT” to trigger an oscillogram.
The submenu “Clear Counter” is used to clear the statistic information (optical channel
communication statistic information etc.).
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Local Cmd” and press key “ENT”
to enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Clear Counter” and press key
“ENT” to clear the statistic information. The information “Clear Statistic Data…” is shown on
the LCD.
The operation steps of the submenu “Clear Interlock File” and “Clear Energy Counter” are
similar with the operation steps of the submenu “Clear Counter”.
The submenu “Control” is used to control the circuit breaker through the local HMI of this relay.
There are 5 groups of control elements in this relay. Anyone of them can be used to control
(tripping or closing) a circuit breaker or a disconnector.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Local Cmd” and press key “ENT”
to enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Control” and press key “ENT” to
show the password input interface.
4. Input correct password and then press key “ENT” to show the control item selection interface.
5. Press key “▲” or “▼” to select an expected control element and then press key “ENT” to show
the password input interface.
6. Press key “+”, “-”, “◄” and “►” to enter the correct password and then enter the control object
selection interface, and then press key “▲” or “▼” to select a control object.
7. Press key “ENT” to enter control command selection interface, and then press key “▲” or “▼”
to select a control command.
8. Press key “ENT” to enter control check condition selection interface, and then press key “▲”
or “▼” to select a control check condition.
9. Press key “ENT” to enter control interlock selection interface, and then press key “▲” or “▼”
to select a control interlock condition.
10. Press key “ENT” to enter control type selection interface, and then press key “▲” or “▼” to
select a control type.
11. Press key “ENT” to confirm the current control operation. The information about the result of
the current control operation will be shown on the LCD.
Control Ctrl1
Select Control Object Select Control Command
Ctrl1 Open(Lower)
Ctrl2 Close(Raise)
Ctrl3 (Stop)
Ctrl4
Ctrl5
Ctrl1 Ctrl1
Select Execution Condition Select Interlock Condition
NoCheck InterlockChk
SynchroCheck InterlockNotChk
DeadCheck
LoopCheck
EF Line Selection
Ctrl1 Ctrl1
Select Control Type Result:
Select
Execute
Cancel Operation Success
Figure 8.2-16 Control type selection interface and execution result interface
All the items about the control function are listed as below.
Purpose:
This menu is used to view program version information and module information of this relay.
Access approach:
Move cursor to the item “Information” and press key “ENT” to enter its submenu after entering the
main menu of this device.
The program version information of this relay can be known through this menu.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Information” and press key “ENT”
to enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Version Info” and press key
“ENT” to show the program version information.
4. Press key “▲” or “▼” to show the version information of the program.
Version Info
NR
Differential Relay
PCS-9613
Version 3.00
Program CRC F94D89D1
Program Time 2015-11-21
15:59:27
The first line shows the title of this interface, other lines show the information of the board
information, including the manufacturer abbreviation name, the device name, the device code, the
program version, the program CRC code and the program creation time.
NOTICE!
It is only an example for explaining the software version menu. The practical software
version of this relay should be taken as final and binding.
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Information” and press key “ENT”
to enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Board Info” and press key “ENT”
to show the board information.
Board Info
NO Type Stat Conf
01 NR4106 √ √
03 NR4202 √ (√)
06 NR4521 √ (√)
07 NR4503 √ (√)
The first line shows the title of this interface, other lines show the information of the board
information, including the slot sequence number, the module type, the module operation state and
the module configuration state. In normal operation situation, the module configuration state
should be same with the module operation state.
Purpose:
This menu is used to test particular functions of the device, such as testing binary signals, testing
binary outputs and testing telemetering etc. It can provide convenience for the communication test
and the operation electrical circuit.
Access approach:
Move cursor to the item “Test” and press key “ENT” to enter its submenu after entering the main
menu of this device.
The submenu “Disturb Elements”, “Superv Events” and “IO Events” have following submenus.
The binary signals include the protective element operation signals, supervision alarm signals and
binary state change signals.
Here takes test the protective element operation signal as an example to introduce the operating
steps of communication test of the binary signals.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Test” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Device Test” and press key “ENT”
to enter this submenu.
4. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Disturb Elements” and press key
5. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Select Test” and press key “ENT”
to show all the protective elements.
6. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on a selected protective element and then press key
“ENT” to create a binary signal.
NOTICE!
The submenu “All Test” is used to test all the binary signals automatically.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Test” and press key “ENT” to
enter this submenu.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Device Test” and press key “ENT”
to enter this submenu.
4. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Measurements” and press key
“ENT” to all the metering measurements.
5. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on a selected metering measurements and press
key “+” or “-” to modify the selected metering value.
6. After finishing the modification, press key “ENT” to transmit the metering values.
Purpose:
Access approach:
Move cursor to the item “Clock” and press key “ENT” to enter the clock modification interface after
entering the main menu of this device.
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Clock” and press key “ENT” to
enter the clock modification interface.
3. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on a selected item and press key “+” or “-” to modify
the selected item.
4. After finishing the clock modification, press key “ENT” to confirm the modification.
Clock
Year: 2011
Month: 01
Day: 23
Hour: 18
Minute: 28
Second: 58
Purpose:
Operating steps:
1. Press key “▲” to enter the main menu in the default displaying situation.
2. Press key “▲” or “▼” to locate the cursor on the submenu “Language” and press key “ENT”
to enter the language modification interface.
4. After finishing the language modification, press key “ENT” to confirm the modification.
1. Chinese
2. English
Trip NO.4
2011-02-08 11:18:18:988ms
0000ms FD.Pkp
0105ms 50/51P1.Op
Ipmax 03.040A
3I0_Calmax 01.011A
fmax 50.030Hz
fmin 49.990Hz
The first line shows the report title and the sequence number of the history trip report, and the
second line shows the operation time of the history trip report. Other lines show the protection
elements and fault information one by one according to the relative time sequence. The fault
information includes fault phase, maximum fault value and minimum fault value.
NOTICE!
In case more than one protection element has operated, the relevant report will be
displayed alternatively one by one according to time sequence on the LCD. And the
fault information is listed after all the protection elements.
The trip report will keep being displayed on LCD until an acknowledgement is received by pressing
the key “ENT”+“ESC”, by energizing the binary input [BI_RstTarg] or by executing the submenu
“Reset Target”. The default display then appears on LCD and LED “TRIP” is turned off.
See Chapter 3 for more details about the protection operation theory.
If there is any abnormality in the operation or any firmware error is detected by the self-diagnostics
of this relay, an alarm report will be displayed instantaneously on the LCD. Therefore, the default
display will be replaced by the alarm report. The format of the alarm report is shown as below.
Alarm Infor
Alm_Device
VTS.Alm
The first line shows the alarm report title, and then shows the alarm elements one by one
according to the time sequence.
The alarm report will keep being displayed on LCD until the relevant alarm situation is restored to
normal state. It means that this relay does not detect any alarm situation. The default display then
appears on LCD and LED “ALARM ” is off. The LED “ALARM ” will not be on if either of the alarm
signals [Fail_Device] and [Fail_Setting] is issued.
Alarm elements listed below may be displayed. See Section 4.2 for more details about the alarm
element operation theory.
Here, “On” means the LED is on, “Off” means the LED is off, and “×” means having no influence.
NOTICE!
When this relay is energized, in the startup process, the LED “ HEALTHY” is off and the
LED “ALARM ” is on.
Hardware circuit and operation condition of this device are self-supervised continuously. If any
abnormal condition is detected, information or report will be displayed and a corr esponding alarm
will be issued.
A common abnormality may block a certain number of protection functions while other functions
can still work.
However, if a serious hardware failure or abnormality is detected, all protection functions will be
blocked and the LED “HEALTHY” will be off.
When hardware failure is detected, all protection functions will be blocked and the corresponding
alarm signal will be issued. This relay can not work normally in such a situation and a manual
maintenance is required to fix the failure.
NOTICE!
If this device is blocked or alarm signal is issued during operation, do please find out its
reason by help of the history reports. If the reason can not be found on site, please
For the safety purpose, this device provides password security function for modifying the settings
and doing a control operation. Only the input password is correct, the relevant operation can be
done. If the input password is correct, the relevant operation can be done; otherwise, it will show
the input interface on the LCD to prompt the user to input the password again.
The password for control operation is fixed, and it is “111”; and the password for modifying the
device settings, and it is “114”. The following figure shows the password input interface for control
operation.
Password:
000
Figure 8.4-1 Password input interface for control operation and setting modification
The password for modifying settings (except the device settings) is fixed, and it is press key “+”,
“◄”, “▲” and “-” in sequence. The following figure shows the password input interface for
modifying settings.
Password:
----
9 Configurable Function
Table of Contents
The configurable function of this relay can be easy to realize the system configuration, the
protection function configuration, the binary input configuration, the binary output configuration,
the LED indicator configuration and the logic programming function in this relay through the
PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary software, which makes this relay can meet different
practical requirements.
The PCS-Explorer software is developed in order to meet customer’s demand on functions of the
UAPC platform device, such as device configuration and programmable design. It selects
substation as the core of data management and the device as fundamental unit, supporting one
substation to govern many devices.
The software provides two kinds of operation modes: on-line mode and off-line mode. The on-line
mode supports the Ethernet connection with the device through the standard IEC60870-5-103 and
can be capable of uploading and downloading the configuration files through Ethernet net; the
off-line mode supports the off-line setting configuration.
In addition, it also supports programmable logic to meet the demands of a practical engineering.
Please see the PCS-Explorer online help brochure or the instruction manual of PCS-Explorer
configuration tool auxiliary software for more details about the PCS-Explorer software.
For more details about how to do a logic graph configuration, see the PCS-Explorer online help
brochure or the instruction manual of PCS-Explorer configuration tool auxiliary software.
All the configurable input signals of this relay are listed in following table.
The binary signal for blocking the stage 4 sensitive earth fault
53 50/51SEF4.Blk
protection
54 50BC.En1 The binary signal for enabling the broken conductor protection
55 50BC.Blk The binary signal for blocking the broken conductor protection
56 50PSOTF.En1 The binary signal for enabling the SOTF overcurrent protection
57 50PSOTF.Blk The binary signal for blocking the SOTF o vercurrent protection
The binary signal for enabling the zero sequence SOTF overcurrent
58 50GSOTF.En1
protection
The binary signal for blocking the zero sequence SOTF overcurrent
59 50GSOTF.Blk
protection
60 50BF.En1 The binary signal for enabling the breaker failure protection
61 50BF.Blk The binary signal for blocking the breaker failure protection
62 49.En1 The binary signal for enabling the thermal overload protection
63 49.Blk The binary signal for blocking the thermal overload protection
64 49.Clr The binary signal for clearing the heat of thermal overload protection
65 59P1.En1 The binary signal for enabling the stage 1 overvoltage protection
66 59P1.Blk The binary signal for blocking the stage 1 overvoltage protection
67 59P2.En1 The binary signal for enabling the stage 2 overvoltage protection
68 59P2.Blk The binary signal for blocking the stage 2 overvoltage protection
69 27P1.En1 The binary signal for enabling the stage 1 undervoltage protection
70 27P1.Blk The binary signal for blocking the stage 1 undervoltage protection
71 27P2.En1 The binary signal for enabling the stage 2 undervoltage protection
72 27P2.Blk The binary signal for blocking the stage 2 undervoltage protection
73 79.En1 The binary signal for enabling the auto-recloser
74 79.Blk The binary signal for blocking the auto-recloser
75 MR1.En1 The binary signal for enabling the No.1 mechanical protection
76 MR1.Blk The binary signal for blocking the No.1 mechanical protection
77 MR2.En1 The binary signal for enabling the No.2 mechanical protection
78 MR2.Blk The binary signal for blocking the No.2 mechanical protection
79 MR3.En1 The binary signal for enabling the No.3 mechanical protection
80 MR3.Blk The binary signal for blocking the No.3 mechanical protection
81 MR4.En1 The binary signal for enabling the No.4 mechanical protection
82 MR4.Blk The binary signal for blocking the No.4 mechanical protection
83 87L.En1 The binary signal for enabling the current differential protection
84 87L. Blk The binary signal for blocking the current differential protection
85 87L.In_TS1 The binary signal for inputting the No.1 remote transmission signal
86 87L.In_TS2 The binary signal for inputting the No.2 remote transmission signal
87 87L.In_TS3 The binary signal for inputting the No.3 remote transmission signal
88 87L.In_TS4 The binary signal for inputting the No.4 remote transmission signal
89 Sig_Spare01 The No.1 programmable spare signal
90 Sig_Spare02 The No.2 programmable spare signal
91 Sig_Spare03 The No.3 programmable spare signal
92 Sig_Spare04 The No.4 programmable spare signal
All the configurable output signals of this relay are listed in following table.
NOTICE!
The configurable output signals “Breaker.Dpos” and “Switchx.Dpos” (x: 1~4) are used
to indicate the state of the corresponding circuit breaker or switch. Each signal is a
four-state output state, and the state codes are listed as below.
All the configurable LED indicators of this relay are listed in following table.
All the configurable binary inputs of this relay are listed in following table.
All the configurable binary outputs of this relay are listed in following table.
NOTICE!
Other configurable binary outputs which are not listed in above table only can be
configured through the setting [XXXX.OutMap] (“XXXX” is the abbreviation of a
protective element, such as 50/51P1, 50/51G1, 59P1 etc.) of each function element.
For more details about these settings, please see Chapter 7.
10 Communication
Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 10.4-1 Dual-net full duplex mode sharing the RCB block instance ...................... 10-10
Figure 10.4-2 Dual-net hot-standby mode sharing the same RCB instance.................... 10-10
Figure 10.4-3 Dual-net full duplex mode with 2 independent RCB instances ..................10-11
10.1 General
This section outlines the remote data communication interfaces of th is relay. The relay can support
several protocols: IEC60870-5-103, IEC61850 and DNP3.0. Setting the relevant communication
parameter can select the expected protocol (see Section 7.6).
The EIA RS-485 standardized interfaces are isolated, as well as the Ethernet interfaces, and are
suitable for permanent connection whichever protocol is selected. The advantage of this type of
connection is that up to 32 relays can be “daisy chained” together using a simple twisted pair
electrical connection.
It should be noted that the descriptions contained within this section do not aim to fully detail the
protocol itself. The relevant documentation for the protocol should be referred to for this
information. This section serves to describe the specific implementation of the protocol in the relay.
The protocol provided by the relay is indicated in the relay’s “Comm Settings” submenu (see
Section 7.6). By using the keypad and LCD, configure the relevant communication protocol
parameters, the corresponding protocol and will be selected.
The EIA RS-485 two-wire connection provides a half-duplex fully isolated serial connection to the
product. The connection is polarized and whilst the product’s connection diagrams indicate the
polarization of the connection terminals it should be noted that there is no agreed definition of
which terminal is which. If the master is unable to communicate with the product, and the
communication parameters match, then it is possible that the two-wire connection is reversed.
The EIA RS-485 bus must have 120Ω (Ohm) ½ Watt terminating resistors fitted at either end
across the signal wires (see Figure 10.2-1). Some devices may be able to provide the bus
terminating resistors by different connection or configuration arrangements, in which case
separate external components will not be required. However, this product does not provide such a
facility, so if it is located at the bus terminus then an external termination resistor will be required.
EIA RS-485
Master 120 Ohm
120 Ohm
The EIA RS-485 standard requires that each device is directly connected to the physical cable that
is the communications bus. Stubs and tees are expressly forbidden, such as star topologies. Loop
bus topologies are not part of the EIA RS-485 standard and are forbidden by it also.
Two-core screened cable is recommended. The specification of the cable will be dependent on the
application, although a multi-strand 0.5mm2 per core is normally adequate. Total cable length must
not exceed 500m. The screen must be continuous and connected to ground at one end, normally
at the master connection point; it is important to avoid circulating currents, especially when the
cable runs between buildings, for both safety and noise reasons.
This product does not provide a signal ground connection. If a signal ground connection is present
in the bus cable then it must be ignored, although it must have continuity for the benefit of other
devices connected to the bus. At no stage must the signal ground be connected to the cables
screen or to the product’s chassis. This is for both safety and noise reasons.
10.2.1.4 Biasing
It may also be necessary to bias the signal wires to prevent jabber. Jabber occurs when the signal
level has an indeterminate state because the bus is not being actively driven. This can occur when
all the slaves are in receive mode and the master is slow to turn from receive mode to transmit
mode. This may be because the master purposefully waits in receive mode, or even in a high
impedance state, until it has something to transmit. Jabber causes the receiving device(s) to miss
the first bits of the first character in the packet, which results in the slave rejecting the message
and consequentially not responding. Symptoms of these are poor response times (due to retries),
increasing message error counters, erratic communications, and even a complete failure to
communicate.
Biasing requires that the signal lines be weakly pulled to a defined voltage level of about 1V. There
should only be one bias point on the bus, which is best situated at the master connection point.
The DC source used for the bias must be clean; otherwise noise will be injected. Note that some
devices may (optionally) be able to provide the bus bias, in which case external components will
not be required.
NOTICE!
It is extremely important that the 120Ω termination resistors are fitted. Failure to do so
will result in an excessive bias voltage that may damage the devices connected to the
bus.
As the field voltage is much higher than that required, NR can not assume responsibility
for any damage that may occur to a device connected to the network as a result of
incorrect application of this voltage.
Ensure that the field voltage is not being used for other purposes (i.e. powering logic
inputs) as this may cause noise to be passed to the communication network.
A brief explanation of IP and network submask is made as below. There are four sections for an IP
address.
xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Where:
The network communication address for IEC60087-5-103 has above relationship described as an
equation with section 3 and section 4 of the IP address.
It is recommended to use 4-pair screened twisted category 5E cable as the communication cable.
A picture is shown below.
Each device is connected to an exchanger via communication cable and thereby to form a star
structure network. Dual-network is recommended in order to increase reliability. The SCADA is
also connected to the exchanger and will play a role of master statio n, so the every equipment
which has been connected to the exchanger will play a role of slave unit.
SCADA
Exchanger A
Exchanger B
The IEC60870-5-103 interface is a master/slave interface with this relay as the slave device.
The following IEC60870-5-103 facilities are supported by this interface: initialization (reset), time
synchronization, event record extraction, general interrogation, cyclic measurements, general
commands and disturbance records.
The unattached Ethernet ports are available for IEC60870-5-103 in this relay. The transmission
speed is 100Mbit/s.
The link layer strictly abides by the rules defined in the IEC60870-5-103.
10.3.2 Initialization
Whenever the relay has been powered up, or if the communication parameters have been
changed, a reset command is required to initialize the communications. The relay will respond to
either of the two reset commands (Reset CU or Reset FCB), the difference is that the Reset CU
will clear any unsent messages in the relay’s transmit buffer.
The relay will respond to the reset command with an identification message ASDU 5, the COT
(Cause Of Transmission) of this response will be either Reset CU or Reset FCB depending on the
nature of the reset command.
In addition to the above identification message, if the relay has been powered up it will also
produce a power up event.
The time and date of this relay can be set by using the time synchronization feature of the
IEC60870-5-103 protocol. The relay will correct for the transmission delay as specified in
IEC60870-5-103. If the time synchronization message is sent as a send/confirm message, then
the relay will respond with a confirmation. Whether the time synchronization message is sent as a
send confirmation or a broadcast (send without any reply) message, a time synchronization Class
1 event will be generated.
If the clock is synchronized using the IRIG-B input then it will not be possible to set clock by using
the IEC60870-5-103 interface. An attempt to set the time via the interface will cause th is relay to
create an event with the current date and time taken from the IRIG-B synchronized internal clock.
function type (FUN) and information number (INF). This relay can support ASDU 1, ASDU 2,
ASDU 40 and ASDU 41, the cause of transmission (COT) is “1”.
ASDU 1, time-tagged message: alarm messages, special purpose binary input state change
messages.
ASDU 2, time-tagged message with relative time: tripping messages and fault detector pickup
messages.
ASDU 40, single point information: general binary input state change messages.
ASDU 41, single point information with time-tagged: sequence of event (SOE) messages.
The GI can be used to read the status of the relay, the function numbers, and information numbers
that will be returned during the GI cycle. The GI cycle strictly abides by the rules defined in the
IEC60870-5-103.
The relay will respond to this GI command with an ASDU 44 message, the cause of tr ansmission
(COT) of this response is 9.
Referring the IEC60870-5-103 standard can get the enough details about general interrogation.
The cause of transmission is 2. The rate at which the relay produces new measured values is fixed
(about one second). It should be noted that the measurands transmitted by the relay are sent a s a
proportion of corresponding times the rated value of the analog value.
If the relay receives one of the command messages correctly, it will respond with an ACK message,
and then send a message which has the same ASDU data with the control direction me ssage in
the next communication turn.
The generic functions can be used to read the setting and protection measurement of th is relay,
and modify the setting.
Two supported type identifications are ASDU 21 and ASDU 10. For more details abo ut generic
functions, see the IEC60870-5-103 standard.
INF Semantics
240 Read headings of all defined groups
241 Read values or attributes of all entries in one group
243 Read directory of a single entry
244 Read value or attribute of a single entry
245 General interrogation of generic data
248 Write entry
249 Write entry with confirmation
250 Write entry with e xecution
251 Write entry abort
INF Semantics
240 Read headings of all defined groups
241 Read values or attributes of all entries of one group
243 Read directory of a single entry
244 Read value or attribute of a single entry
245 End of general interrogation of generic data
249 Write entry with confirmation
250 Write entry with e xecution
251 Write entry aborted
This relay can store up to 64 disturbance records in its memory. A pickup of the fault detector or an
operation of the relay can make the relay store the disturbance records.
The disturbance records are stored in uncompressed format and can be extracted using the
standard mechanisms described in the standard of IEC60870-5-103.
10.4.1 Overview
The IEC61850 software module of PCS-9000 series is adopted in the device. The IEC61850
standard is the result of years of work by electric utilities and vendors of electronic equipment to
produce standardized communication systems. The IEC61850 is a series of standards describing
These documents can be obtained from the IEC (http://www.iec.ch). It is strongly recommended
that all those involved with any IEC61850 implementation obtain this document set.
MMS Protocol
IEC61850 specifies the use of the Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) at the upper
(application) layer for transfer of real-time data. This protocol has been in existence for a number
of years and provides a set of services suitable for the transfer of data within a substation LAN
environment. Actual IEC61850-7-2 abstract services and objects are mapped to MMS protocol
services in IEC61850-8-1.
Client/server
This is a connection-oriented type of communication. The connection is initiated by the client, and
communication activity is controlled by the client. IEC61850 clients are often substation computers
running HMI programs or SOE logging software. Servers are usually substation equipment such
as protection relays, meters, RTUs, instrument transformers, tap changers, or bay controllers.
Please note that gateways can be considered as clients and servers subject to the communication
object. When retrieving data from IEDs within the substation, the gate ways are considered as
servers whereas transmitting data to control centers, the gateways are considered as clients.
Peer-to-peer
A substation configuration language is the number of files used to describe IED configurations and
communication systems according to IEC61850-5 and IEC61850-7. Each configured device has
an IED Capability Description (ICD) file and a Configured IED Description (CID) file. The
substation single line information is stored in a System Specification Description (SSD) file. The
entire substation configuration is stored in a Substation Configuration Description (SCD) file. The
SCD file is the combination of the following items: individual ICD files, SSD file, communication
system parameters (MMS, GOOSE control block, SV control block), as well as GOOSE/SV
connection relationship amongst IEDs.
Client-server mode is adopted: clients (SCADA, control center and etc.) communicate with the
IEDs via MMS communication network, and the IEDs operate as the servers. IEDs are connected
to clients passively, and they can interact with the clients according to the configuration and the
issued command of the clients.
Three modes for dual-MMS Ethernet (abbreviated as dual-net) are provided as below.
NOTICE!
Hereinafter, the normal operation status of net means the physical link and TCP link are
both ok. The abnormal operation status of net means physical link or TCP link is
broken.
1. Mode 1: Dual-net full duplex mode sharing the same RCB instance
Net A and Net B share the same report control block (abbreviated as RCB) enabled by the client.
IED sends undifferentiated date through dual-net to the clients. If one net is physically
disconnected, the flag of RCB instance (i.e.: “RptEna” in above figure) is still “true”. Only when
both Net A and Net B are disconnected, the flag of the RCB instance will automatically change to
“false”.
In normal operation status of mode 1, IED provides the same MMS service for Net A and Net B. If
one net is physically disconnected (i.e.: “Abnormal operation status” in above figure), the working
mode will switch to single-net mode seamlessly and immediately. Network communication
supervision is unnecessary here, and Buffered Report Control Block (abbreviated as BRCB) need
not to be used. On the other net, date alternation works normally. Therefore, MMS service can
interact normally without interruption. This mode ensures no data loss during one net is in
abnormal operation status.
In mode 1, one report will be transmitted twice via dual nets for the same report instance, so the
client needs to distinguish whether two reports are same according to corresponding EntryIDs.
Client Client
Figure 10.4-1 Dual-net full duplex mode sharing the RCB block instance
Client Client
Figure 10.4-2 Dual-net hot-standby mode sharing the same RCB instance
In mode 2, the MMS service is provided on main MMS link, no MMS service interacts on the
standby MMS link. The definitions of two links are as follows:
Main MMS Link: Physically connected, TCP level connected, MMS report service available.
Standby MMS Link: Physically connected, TCP level connected, MMS report service not
available.
If the main net fails to operate (i.e.: “Abnormal operation status” in the above figure), the IED will
set “RptEna” to “false”. Meanwhile the client will detect the failure by heartbeat message or
“keep-alive”, it will automatically enable the RCB instance by setting “RptEna” back to “true”
through standby MMS link. By the buffer function of BRCB, the IED can provide uninterrupted
MMS service on the standby net. However, the differences of BRCB standards among different
manufacturers may cause data loss. Moreover, if duration of net switch is too long, the data loss is
positively as the capacity of BRCB’s buffer function is limited.
NOTICE!
In mode 1 and mode 2, Net A IED host address and Net B IED host address must be
the same. For example, if the subnet mask is 255.255.0.0, network prefix of Net A is
198.120.0.0, network prefix of Net B is 198.121.0.0, Net A IP address of the IED is
198.120.1.2, and then Net B IP address of the IED must be configured as 198.121.1.2,
i.e.: Net A IED host address =1x256+2=258, Net B IED host address =1x256+2=258,
Net A IED host address equals to Net B IED host address.
Client Client
Figure 10.4-3 Dual-net full duplex mode with 2 independent RCB instances
In mode 3, IED provides 2 report instances for each RCB, Net A and Net B work independently
from each other, failures of one net will not affect the other net at all.
In this mode, 2 report instances are required for each client. Therefore, the IED may be unable to
provide enough report instances if there are too many clients.
Net A and Net B send the same report separately when they operates normally, To ensure no
repeated data is saved into database, massive calculation is required for the client.
Moreover, accurate clock synchronization of the IED is required to distinguish whether 2 reports
are the same report according to the timestamps. Clock synchronization error of the IED may lead
to report loss/redundancy.
As a conclusion:
In mode 3, the IED may be unable to provide enough report instances if too many clients are
applied on site.
For the consideration of client treatment and IED implementation, mode 1 (Dual -net full duplex
mode sharing the same report instance) is recommended for MMS communication network
deployment.
Each IED represents one IEC61850 physical device. The physical device contains one logical
device, and the logical device contains many logical nodes. The logical node LPHD contains
information about the IED physical device. The logical node LLN0 contains information about the
IED logical device.
The GGIO logical node is available in the PCS-9600 series relays to provide access to digital
status points (including general I/O inputs and warnings) and associated timestamps and quality
flags. The data content must be configured before the data can be used. GGIO p rovides digital
status points for access by clients. It is intended that clients use GGIO in order to access digital
status values from the PCS-9600 series relays. Clients can utilize the IEC61850 buffered reporting
features available from GGIO in order to build sequence of events (SOE) logs and HMI display
screens. Buffered reporting should generally be used for SOE logs since the buffering capability
reduces the chances of missing data state changes. All needed status data objects are transmitted
to HMI clients via buffered reporting, and the corresponding buffered reporting control block
(BRCB) is defined in LLN0.
Most of the analog measured values are available through the MMXU logical nodes, and metering
values in MMTR, the others in MMXN, MSQI and so on. Each MMXU logical node provides data
from an IED current/voltage “source”. There is one MMXU available for each configurable source.
MMXU1 provides data from CT/VT source 1 (usually for protection purpose), and MMXU2
provides data from CT/VT source 2 (usually for monitor and display purpose). All these analog
data objects are transmitted to HMI clients via unbuffered reporting periodically, and the
corresponding unbuffered reporting control block (URCB) is defined in LLN0. MMXUx logical
nodes provide the following data for each source:
The following list describes the protection elements for all PCS-9600 series relays. The specified
relay will contain a subset of protection elements from this list.
The protection elements listed above contain start (pickup) and operate flags, instead of any
element has its own start (pickup) flag separately, all the elements share a common start (pickup)
flags “PTRC.ST.Str.general” in a PCS-9600 series relay. The operate flag for PTOC1 is
“PTOC1.ST.Op.general”. For the PCS-9600 series relay protection elements, these flags take their
values from related module for the corresponding element. Similar to digital status values, the
protection trip information is reported via BRCB, and it also locates in LLN0.
Logical node LLN0 is essential for an IEC61850 based IED. This LN sha ll be used to address
common issues for Logical Devices. In PCS-9600 series relays, most of the public services, the
common settings, control values and some device oriented data objects are available here. The
public services may be BRCB, URCB and GSE control blocks and similar global defines for the
whole device; the common settings include all the setting items of communication settings, system
settings and some of the protection setting items, which can be configured to two or more
protection elements (logical nodes). In LLN0, the item Loc is a device control object, this Do item
indicates the local operation for complete logical device, when it is true, all the remote control
commands to the IED will be blocked and those commands make effective until the item Loc is
changed to false. Besides the logical nodes we describe above, there are some other logical
nodes below in the IEDs:
MMUX: This LN shall be used to acquire values from CTs and VTs and calculate measurands
such as RMS values for current and voltage or power flows out of the acquired voltage
and current samples. These values are normally used for operational purposes such as
power flow supervision and management, screen displays, state estimation, etc. The
requested accuracy for these functions has to be provided.
LPHD: Physical device information, the logical node to model common issues for physical
device.
PTRC: Protection trip conditioning, it shall be used to connect the “operate” outputs of one or
more protection functions to a common “trip” to be transmitted to XCBR. In addition or
alternatively, any combination of “operate” outputs of protection functions may be
combined to a new “operate” of PTRC.
RDRE: Disturbance recorder function. It triggers the fault wave recorder and its output re fers to
the “IEEE Standard Format for Transient Data Exchange (COMTRADE) for Power
System” (IEC60255-24). All enabled channels are included in the recording,
independently of the trigger mode.
GAPC: Generic automatic process control, it is used to model in a generic way the
processing/automation of functions, for example the sequence control functions for
PCS-9600 series relays.
CSWI: Switch controller. This class is used to control all switching conditions of XCBR and
XSWI. A remote switching command (for example select-before-operate) arrives here
firstly.
XCBR: Breaker control. The XCBR logical node is directly associated with the breaker control
feature.
XCBR1.ST.Pos: This is the position of the breaker. If the breaker control logic
indicates that the breaker, or any single pole of the breaker, is
closed, then the breaker position state is “on”. If the breaker
control logic indicates that the breaker is open, then the breaker
position state is “off”.
XCBR1.ST.BlkOpn: This is the state of the block open command logic. When true,
breaker open commands from IEC61850 clients will be rejected.
XCBR1.ST.BlkCls: This is the state of the block close command logic. When true,
breaker close commands from IEC61850 clients will be rejected.
XCBR1.CO.Pos: This is where IEC61850 clients can issue open or close
commands to the breaker. SBO control with normal enhanced
security is the only supported IEC61850 control model.
IEC61850 buffered and unbuffered reporting control blocks locate in LLN0, they can be configured
to transmit information of protection trip information (in the Protection logical nodes), binary status
values (in GGIO) and analog measured/calculated values (in MMXU, MMTR and MSQI). The
reporting control blocks can be configured in CID files, and then be sent to the IED via an
IEC61850 client. The following items can be configured.
TrgOps: Trigger options. The following bits are supported by the PCS-9600 series relays:
- Bit 1: Data-change
- Bit 4: Integrity
OptFlds: Option Fields. The following bits are supported by the PCS-9600 series relays:
- Bit 1: Sequence-number
- Bit 2: Report-time-stamp
- Bit 3: Reason-for-inclusion
- Bit 4: Data-set-name
- Bit 5: Data-reference
- Bit 8: Conf-revision
- Bit 9: Segmentation
MMS file services are supported to allow transfer of oscillography, event record or other files from
a PCS-9600 series relay.
10.4.5.3 Timestamps
The universal time coordinated (UTC) timestamp values associated with all IEC61850 data items
represent the time of the last change of either the value or quality flags of the data item.
IEC61850 specifies that each logical node can have a name with a total length of 11 characters.
The name is composed of: a five or six-character name prefix; a four-character standard name (for
example, MMXU, GGIO, PIOC, etc.); a one or two-character instantiation index.
Complete names are of the form xxxxxxPTOC1, where the xxxxxx character string is configurable.
Details regarding the logical node naming rules are given in IEC61850 parts 6 and 7-2. It is
recommended that a consistent naming convention be used for an entire substation project.
IEC61850 specifies the type of broadcast data transfer services: Generic Object Oriented
Substation Events (GOOSE). IEC61850 GOOSE services provide virtual LAN (VLAN) support,
Ethernet priority tagging, and Ether-type Application ID configuration. The support for VLANs and
priority tagging allows for the optimization of Ethernet network traffic. GOOSE messages can be
given a higher priority than standard Ethernet traffic, and they can be separated onto specific
VLANs. Devices that transmit GOOSE messages also function as servers. Each GOOSE
publisher contains a “GOOSE control block” to configure and control the transmission.
The GOOSE transmission (including subscribing and publishing) is controlled by GOOSE link
settings in device.
The PCS-9600 series relays support IEC61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event
(GOOSE) communication. All GOOSE messages contain IEC61850 data collected into a da taset.
It is this dataset that is transferred using GOOSE message services. The GOOSE related dataset
is configured in the CID file and it is recommended that the fixed GOOSE be used for
implementations that require GOOSE data transfer between the PCS-9600 series relays.
IEC61850 GOOSE messaging contains a number of configurable parameters, all of which must be
correct to achieve the successful transfer of data. It is critical that the configured datasets at the
transmission and reception devices are an exact match in terms of data structure, and that the
GOOSE addresses and name strings match exactly.
Where:
C1: Shall be “M” if support for LOGICAL-DEVICE model has been declared
O: Optional
M: Mandatory
Y: Supported by PCS-9600 series relays
N: Currently not supported by PCS-9600 series relays
M7-6 buffer-overflow Y Y Y
M7-7 entryID Y Y Y
M7-8 BufTm N N N
M7-9 IntgPd Y Y Y
M7-10 GI Y Y Y
M8 Unbuffered report control M M Y
M8-1 sequence-number Y Y Y
M8-2 report-time-stamp Y Y Y
M8-3 reason-for-inclusion Y Y Y
M8-4 data-set-name Y Y Y
M8-5 data-reference Y Y Y
M8-6 BufTm N N N
M8-7 IntgPd N Y Y
Logging
M9 Log control O O N
M9-1 IntgPd N N N
M10 Log O O N
GSE
M12 GOOSE O O Y
M13 GSSE O O N
M14 Multicast SVC O O N
M15 Unicast SVC O O N
M16 Time M M Y
M17 File transfer O O Y
Where:
C2: Shall be “M” if support for LOGICAL-NODE model has been declared
C3: Shall be “M” if support for DATA model has been declared
C4: Shall be “M” if support for DATA-SET, Substitution, Report, Log Control, or Time models
has been declared
C5: Shall be “M” if support for Report, GSE, or SMV models has been declared
M: Mandatory
Y: Supported by PCS-9600 series relays
N: Currently not supported by PCS-9600 series relays
Logical device
S5 LogicalDeviceDirectory M Y
Logical node
S6 LogicalNodeDirectory M Y
S7 GetAllDataValues M Y
Data
S8 GetDataValues M Y
S9 SetDataValues M Y
S10 GetDataDirectory M Y
S11 GetDataDefinition M Y
Data set
S12 GetDataSetValues M Y
S13 SetDataSetValues O
S14 CreateDataSet O
S15 DeleteDataSet O
S16 GetDataSetDirectory M Y
Substitution
S17 SetDataValues M Y
Setting group control
S18 SelectActiveSG M/O Y
S19 SelectEditSG M/O Y
S20 SetSGValuess M/O Y
S21 ConfirmEditSGValues M/O Y
S22 GetSGValues M/O Y
S23 GetSGCBValues M/O Y
Reporting
Buffered report control block
S24 Report C6 Y
S24-1 data-change Y
S24-2 qchg-change Y
S24-3 data-update Y
S25 GetBRCBValues C6 Y
S26 SetBRCBValues C6 Y
Unbuffered report control block
S27 Report C6 Y
S27-1 data-change Y
S27-2 qchg-change Y
S27-3 data-update Y
S28 GetURCBValues C6 Y
S29 SetURCBValues C6 Y
Logging
Log control block
S30 GetLCBValues O
S31 SetLCBValues O
Log
S32 QueryLogByTime O
S33 QueryLogAfter O
S34 GetLogStatusValues O
Generic substation event model (GSE)
GOOSE control block
S35 SendGOOSEMessage C8 Y
S36 GetGoReference C9
S37 GetGOOSEElementNumber C9 Y
S38 GetGoCBValues O Y
S39 SetGoCBValuess O
Transmission Of Sample Value Model (SVC)
Multicast SVC
S45 SendMSVMessage C10
S46 GetMSVCBValues O
S47 SetMSVCBValues O
Unicast SVC
S48 SendUSVMessage C10
S49 GetUSVCBValues O
S50 SetUSVCBValues O
Control
S51 Select O Y
S52 SelectWithValue M Y
S53 Cancel M Y
S54 Operate M Y
S55 Command-Termination O
S56 TimeActivated-Operate O
File transfer
S57 GetFile M/O Y
S58 SetFile O Y
S59 DeleteFile O
S60 GetFileAttribute Values M/O Y
Time
SNTP M Y
Where:
The PCS-9600 series relays support IEC61850 logical nodes as indicated in the following table.
NOTICE!
10.5.1 Overview
The descriptions given here are intended to accompany this relay. The DNP3.0 protocol is not
described here; please refer to the DNP3.0 protocol standard for the details about the DNP3.0
implementation. This manual only specifies which objects, variations and qualifiers are supported
in this relay, and also specifies what data is available from this relay via DNP3.0.
The relay operates as a DNP3.0 slave and supports subset level 3 of the protocol, plus some of
the features from level 4. The DNP3.0 communication uses the Ethernet ports (electrical or optical)
at the rear side of this relay.
Please see the DNP3.0 protocol standard for the details about the linker layer functions.
Please see the DNP3.0 protocol standard for the details about the transport functions.
The supported object groups and object variations are show in the following table.
REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT GROUP & VARIATION Master may issue Master shall parse
Outstation shall parse Outstation may issue
Group Variation Function Qualifier Function Qualifier
Description
Number Number Code (DEC) Code (HEX) Code (DEC) Code (HEX)
1
00, 01
(read)
Binary Input: (start, stop)
1 0 22
An y Variation 06
(assign
(no range, or all)
class)
00, 01
Binary Input: 1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
1 1
Packed format (read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
(no range, or all)
00, 01
Binary Input: 1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
1 2
With flags (read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
(no range, or all)
REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT GROUP & VARIATION Master may issue Master shall parse
Outstation shall parse Outstation may issue
Group Variation Function Qualifier Function Qualifier
Description
Number Number Code (DEC) Code (HEX) Code (DEC) Code (HEX)
06
Binary Input Event: 1 (no range, or all)
2 0
An y Variation (read) 07, 08
(limited qty)
06 129
Binary Input Event: 1 (no range, or all) (response) 17, 28
2 1
Without time (read) 07, 08 130 (index)
(limited qty) (unsol. resp)
06 129
Binary Input Event: 1 (no range, or all) (response) 17, 28
2 2
With absolute time (read) 07, 08 130 (index)
(limited qty) (unsol. resp)
06 129
Binary Input Event: 1 (no range, or all) (response) 17, 28
2 3
With relative time (read) 07, 08 130 (index)
(limited qty) (unsol. resp)
00, 01
Binary output: 1 (start, stop)
10 0
An y Variation (read) 06
(no range, or all)
00, 01
Binary output: 1 (start, stop)
10 0
An y Variation (read) 06
(no range, or all)
Binary output: 2 00, 01
10 1
Packed format (write) (start, stop)
3
(select)
4 17, 28 129 echo of
Binary Command:
(operate) (index) (response) request
Control relay output
12 1 5
block
(direct op)
(CROB)
6
17, 28
(dir. op, no
(index)
ack)
REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT GROUP & VARIATION Master may issue Master shall parse
Outstation shall parse Outstation may issue
Group Variation Function Qualifier Function Qualifier
Description
Number Number Code (DEC) Code (HEX) Code (DEC) Code (HEX)
1
00, 01
(read)
Analog Input: (start, stop)
30 0 22
An y Variation 06
(assign
(no range, or all)
class)
00, 01
Analog Input: 1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
30 1
32-bit with flag (read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
(no range, or all)
00, 01
Analog Input: 1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
30 2
16-bit with flag (read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
(no range, or all)
00, 01
Analog Input: 1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
30 3
32-bit without flag (read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
(no range, or all)
00, 01
Analog Input: 1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
30 4
16-bit without flag (read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
(no range, or all)
00, 01
Analog Input:
1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
30 5 Single-prec flt-pt
(read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
with flag
(no range, or all)
06
Analog Input Event: 1 (no range, or all)
32 0
An y Variation (read) 07, 08
(limited qty)
06 129
Analog Input Event: 1 (no range, or all) (response) 17,28
32 1
32-bit without time (read) 07, 08 130 (index)
(limited qty) (unsol. resp)
06 129
Analog Input Event: 1 (no range, or all) (response) 17,28
32 2
16-bit without time (read) 07, 08 130 (index)
(limited qty) (unsol. resp)
REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT GROUP & VARIATION Master may issue Master shall parse
Outstation shall parse Outstation may issue
Group Variation Function Qualifier Function Qualifier
Description
Number Number Code (DEC) Code (HEX) Code (DEC) Code (HEX)
06 129
Analog Input Event:
1 (no range, or all) (response) 17,28
32 5 Single-prec flt-pt
(read) 07, 08 130 (index)
without time
(limited qty) (unsol. resp)
00, 01
Analog Input
1 (start, stop)
34 0 Deadband:
(read) 06
An y Variation
(no range, or all)
00, 01
1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
(read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
Analog Input
(no range, or all)
34 1 Deadband:
00, 01
16-bit
2 (start, stop)
(write) 17,28
(index)
00, 01
1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
(read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
Analog Input
(no range, or all)
34 2 Deadband:
00, 01
32-bit
2 (start, stop)
(write) 17, 28
(index)
00, 01
1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
(read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
Analog Input
(no range, or all)
34 3 Deadband:
00, 01
Single-prec flt-pt
2 (start, stop)
(write) 17, 28
(index)
00, 01
Analog Output
1 (start, stop)
40 0 Status:
(read) 06
An y Variation
(no range, or all)
REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT GROUP & VARIATION Master may issue Master shall parse
Outstation shall parse Outstation may issue
Group Variation Function Qualifier Function Qualifier
Description
Number Number Code (DEC) Code (HEX) Code (DEC) Code (HEX)
00, 01
Analog Output
1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
40 1 Status:
(read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
32-bit with flag
(no range, or all)
00, 01
Analog Output
1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
40 2 Status:
(read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
16-bit with flag
(no range, or all)
Analog Output 00, 01
Status: 1 (start, stop) 129 00, 01
40 3
single-prec flt-pt with (read) 06 (response) (start, stop)
flag (no range, or all)
3
(select)
4 17, 28 129 echo of
(operate) (index) (response) request
Analog Output:
41 1 5
32-bit
(direct op)
6
17, 28
(dir. Op, no
(index)
ack)
3
(select)
4 17,28 129 echo of
(operate) (index) (response) request
Analog Output:
41 2 5
16-bit
(direct op)
6
17, 28
(dir. Op, no
(index)
ack)
3
(select)
4 17,28 129 echo of
(operate) (index) (response) request
Analog Output:
41 3 5
Single-prec ft-pt
(direct op)
6
17, 28
(dir. Op, no
(index)
ack)
REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT GROUP & VARIATION Master may issue Master shall parse
Outstation shall parse Outstation may issue
Group Variation Function Qualifier Function Qualifier
Description
Number Number Code (DEC) Code (HEX) Code (DEC) Code (HEX)
07
1 07 129
(limited
Time and Data: (read) (limited qty = 1) (response)
50 1 qty = 1)
Absolute time
2 07
(write) (limited qty = 1)
Time and Data:
2 07
50 3 Absolute time at last
(write) (limited qty = 1)
recorded time
129
Time and Data CTO: 07
(response)
51 1 Absolute time, (limited
130
synchronized qty = 1)
(unsol. resp)
129
Time and Data CTO: 07
(response)
51 2 Absolute time, (limited
130
unsynchronized qty = 1)
(unsol. resp)
1
(read)
Class Objects: 06
60 1 22
Class 0 data (no range, or all)
(assign
class)
06
1 (no range, or all)
(read) 07, 08
(limited qty)
20
(enable
Class Objects:
60 2 unsol.)
Class 1 data
21
06
(disable
(no range, or all)
unsol.)
22
(assign
class)
06
Class Objects: 1 (no range, or all)
60 3
Class 2 data (read) 07, 08
(limited qty)
REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT GROUP & VARIATION Master may issue Master shall parse
Outstation shall parse Outstation may issue
Group Variation Function Qualifier Function Qualifier
Description
Number Number Code (DEC) Code (HEX) Code (DEC) Code (HEX)
20
(enable
unsol.)
21
06
(disable
(no range, or all)
unsol.)
22
(assign
class)
06
1 (no range, or all)
(read) 07, 08
(limited qty)
20
(enable
Class Objects :
60 4 unsol.)
Class 3 data
21
06
(disable
(no range, or all)
unsol.)
22
(assign
class)
This relay now supports 4 Ethernet clients and 2 serial port clients. Each client can be set the DNP
related communication parameters respectively and be selected the user-defined communication
table. This relay supports a default communication table and 4 user -defined communication tables,
and the default communication table is fixed by the manufacturer and not permitted to configure by
the user.
The user can configure the user-defined communication table through the PCS-Explorer
configuration tool auxiliary software. The object groups “Binary Input”, “Binary Output”, “Analog
Input” and “Analog Output” can be configured according to the practical engineering demand.
To the analog inputs, the attributes “deadband” and “factor” of each analog input can be configured
independently. To the analog outputs, only the attribute “factor” of each analog output needs to be
configured. If the integer mode is adopted for the data formats of analog values (to “Analog Input”,
“Object Variation” is 1, 2 and 3; to “Analog Output”, “Object Variation” is 1 and 2.), the analog
values will be multiplied by the “factor” respectively to ensure their accuracy. And if the float mode
is adopted for the data formats of analog values, the actual float analog values will be sent directly.
The judgment method of the analog input change is as below: Calculate the difference between
the current new value and the stored history value and make the difference value multiply by the
“factor”, then compare the result with the “deadband” value. If the result is greater than the
“deadband” value, then an event message of corresponding analog input change will be created.
In normal communication process, the master can online read or modify a “deadband” value by
reading or modifying the variation in “Group34”.
The remote control signals, logic links and external extended output commands can be configured
into the “Binary Output” group. The supported control functions are listed as below.
Information Point Pulse On/Null Pulse On/Close Pulse On/Trip Latch On/Null Latch Off/Null
Remote Control Not supported Close Trip Close Trip
Logic Link Not supported Set Clear Set Clear
Extended Output See following description
This relay does not transmit the unsolicited messages if the related logic setting is set as “0”. If the
unsolicited messages are transmitted, the related logic setting should be set as “1” firstly and then
the DNP3.0 master will transmit “Enable Unsolicited” command to this relay through “Function
Code 20” (Enable Unsolicited Messages). If the “Binary Input” state changes or the difference
value of the “Analog Input” is greater than the “deadband” value, this device will transmit
unsolicited messages. If the DNP3.0 master needs not to receive the unsolicited messages, it
should forbid this relay to transmit the unsolicited messages through “Function Code 21” (Disable
Unsolicited Messages).
If the DNP3.0 master calls the Class0 data, this relay will transmit all actual values of the “Analog
Input”, “Binary Input” and “Analog Output”. The classes of the “Analog Input” and “Binary Input”
can be defined by modifying relevant settings. In communication process, the DNP3.0 master can
online modify the class of an “Analog Input” or a “Binary Input” through “Function Code 22” (Assign
Class).
The ModBus protocol is a master/slaver communication protocol, and this device is severed as a
slaver in this system. The detailed information about the Modbus protocol, see the “Modbus
Protocol Reference Guide (PI-MBUS-300 Rev.J)”.
Linker layer configuration: RTU communication mode, ASCII code not supported.
The functional code is 02H (Read Input Status). The binary state includes protection element state,
device operation state, alarm information state and binary input state.
The functional codes are 06H (Preset Single Register) and 10H (Preset Multiple Registers). Only
the protection settings can be modified in this protocol.
11 Installation
Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 11.6-1 Dimensions of this relay and the cut-out in the cubicle (unit: mm) .............11-3
Figure 11.6-2 Demonstration of plugging a board into its corresponding slot ..................11-4
Figure 11.7-4 Glancing demo about the wiring for electrical cables...................................11-7
Figure 11.8-1 Control panel (button, switch and link) of the cubicle ..................................11-7
11.1 General
The equipment must be shipped, stored and installed with the greatest care.
Choose the place of installation such that the communication interface and the controls on the
front of the device are easily accessible.
Air must circulate freely around the equipment. Observe all the requirements regarding place of
installation and ambient conditions given in this instruction manual.
Take care that the external wiring is properly brought into the equipment and terminated correctly
and pay special attention to grounding. Strictly observe the corresponding guidelines contained in
this section.
Modules and units may only be replaced by correspondingly trained personnel. Always observe
the basic precautions to avoid damage due to electrostatic discharge when ha ndling the
equipment.
In certain cases, the settings have to be configured according to the demands of the engineering
configuration after replacement. It is therefore assumed that the personnel who replace modules
and units are familiar with the use of the operator program on the service PC.
WARNING!
ONLY insert or withdraw a module while the device power supply is switched off. To this
end, disconnect the power supply cable that connects with the power supply module.
NOTICE!
Industry packs and ribbon cables may ONLY be replaced on a workbench for electronic
equipment. Electronic components are sensitive to electrostatic discharge when not in
the unit's housing.
NOTICE!
NOTICE!
A module can ONLY be inserted in the slot designated in the Chapter 6. Components
can be damaged or destroyed by inserting module in a wrong slot.
Should boards have to be removed from this relay installed in a grounded cubicle in an HV
switchgear installation, please discharge yourself by touching station ground (the cubicle)
beforehand.
Only hold electronic boards at the edges, taking care not to touch the components.
Only works on boards that have been removed from the cubicle on a workbench designed for
electronic equipment and wear a grounded wristband. Do not wear a grounded wristband,
however, while inserting or withdrawing units.
Always store and ship the electronic boards in their original packing. Place electronic parts in
electrostatic screened packing materials.
Check that the consignment is complete immediately upon receipt. Notify the nearest NR
Company or agent, should departures from the delivery note, the shipping papers or the order be
found.
Visually inspect all the material when unpacking it. When there is evidence of transport damage,
lodge a claim immediately in writing with the last carrier and notify the nearest NR Company or
agent.
If the equipment is not going to be installed immediately, store all the parts in their original packing
in a clean dry place at a moderate temperature. The humidity at a maximum temperature and the
permissible storage temperature range in dry air are listed in Section 2.1.3.
The necessary mounting kits will be provided, including screws, pincers and assembly
instructions.
A suitable drill and spanners are required to secure the cubicles to the floor using the plugs
provided (if this relay is mounted in cubicles).
The place of installation should permit easy access especially to front of the device, i.e. to the
human machine interface of the equipment.
There should also be free access at the rear of the equipment for additions and replacement of
electronic boards.
Since every piece of technical equipment can be damaged or destroyed by inadmissible ambient
conditions, such as:
1. The location should not be exposed to excessive air pollution (dust, aggressive substances).
2. Severe vibration, extreme changes of temperature, high levels of humidity, surge voltages of
high amplitude and short rise time and strong induced magnetic fields should be avoided as
far as possible.
The equipment can in principle be mounted in any attitude, but it is normally mounted vertically
(visibility of markings).
NOTICE!
Excessively high temperature can appreciably reduce the operating life of this device.
This relay is made of a single layer 4U height 9.5" chassis with 8 connectors on its rear panel (See
Figure 6.1-4). The following figure shows the dimensions of this relay for reference in mounting.
(264.0) (195.5)
(246.4)
101.6
177.0
246.4±0.1
+0.4
228.0 -0.0
4-Φ6.8
+0.4
179.0 -0.0
101.6±0.1
Figure 11.6-1 Dimensions of this rela y and the cut-out in the cubicle (unit: mm)
NOTICE!
It is necessary to leave enough space top and bottom of the cut-out in the cubicle for
heat emission of this relay.
As mentioned in Chapter 6, up to eight modules are installed in the enclosure of this relay, and
these modules must be plugged into the proper slots of this relay respectively. The safety
instructions must be abided by when installing the boards, please see Section 11.2 for the details.
Figure 11.6-2 shows the installation way of a module being plugged into a corresponding slot.
In the case of equipment supplied in cubicles, place the cubicles on the foundations that have
been prepared. Take care while doing so not to jam or otherwise damage any of the cables that
have already been installed. Secure the cubicles to the foundations.
On the other hand, electronic apparatus can transmit interference that can disrupt the operation of
other apparatus.
In order to minimize these influences as far as possible, certain standards have to be observed
with respect to grounding, wiring and screening.
NOTICE!
All these precautions can only be effective if the station ground is of good quality.
Metal accessories such as side plates, blanking plates etc., must be effectively connected
surface-to-surface to the grounded frame to ensure a low-impedance path to ground for RF
interference. The contact surfaces must not only conduct well, they must also be non -corroding.
NOTICE!
If the above conditions are not fulfilled, there is a possibility of the cubicle or parts of it
forming a resonant circuit at certain frequencies that would amplify the transmission of
interference by the devices installed and also reduce their immunity to induced
interference.
Movable parts of the cubicle such as doors (front and back) or hinged equipment frames must be
effectively grounded to the frame by three braided copper strips (see Figure 11.7-1).
The metal parts of the cubicle housing and the ground rail are interconnected electrically
conducting and corrosion proof. The contact surfaces shall be as larg e as possible.
NOTICE!
For metallic connections please observe the voltage difference of both materials
according to the electrochemical code.
The cubicle ground rail must be effectively connected to the station ground rail by a grounding strip
(braided copper).
Door or hinged
equipment frame
Cubicle ground
rail close to floor
Braided
copper strip
Station
ground
Conducting
connection
There are some ground terminals on some connectors of this relay, and the sign is “GND”. All the
ground terminals are connected in the cabinet of this relay. So, the ground terminal on the rear
panel (see Figure 11.7-2) is the only ground terminal of this device.
The grounding strips must therefore be of (preferably tinned) braided copper and not round copper
conductors, as the cross-section of round copper would have to be too large.
Proper terminations must be fitted to both ends (press/pinch fit and tinned) with a hole for bolting
them firmly to the items to be connected.
The surfaces to which the grounding strips are bolted must be electrically conducting and
non-corroding.
Press/pinch fit
cable terminal
Braided
copper strip Terminal bolt
Contact surface
Power supply, binary inputs & outputs: stranded conductor, 1.0mm2 ~ 2.5mm2
AC current inputs: stranded conductor, 2.5mm2 ~ 4.0mm2. If the 4.0mm2 lead is selected, only
the dedicated terminal cable lug provided by NR can be adopted.
A female connector is used for connecting the wires with it, and then a female connector plugs into
a corresponding male connector that is in the front of one board. See Chapter 6 for further details
about the pin defines of these connectors.
The following figure shows the glancing demo about the wiring for the electrical cables.
01 02
Tighten
03 04
05 06
01
07 08
Figure 11.7-4 Glancing demo about the wiring for electrical cables
DANGER!
NEVER allow the current transformer (CT) secondary circuit connected to this
equipment to be opened while the primary system is live. Opening the CT circuit will
produce a dangerously high voltage.
Relevant information and sections about the modules and the connectors of the relay are
described in Chapter 6. Referring the relevant sections can help to wire correctly and effectively.
The following figure shows the metallic links, control switch and local operation buttons (manual
closing button and manual tripping button) on the control panel.
Local Remote
Protection Protection Remote Remote
Tripping Closing Tripping Closing
Close
Trip
Figure 11.8-1 Control panel (button, switch and link) of the cubicle
The typical wiring of this relay is shown as below, all the configurable binary inputs and binary
output adopt the default definition in the factory.
Circuit Breaker
A
05 06 01 02 03 04 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Ux Uxn Ua Ub Uc Un Ia Ian Ib Ibn Ic Icn I0 I0n I0s I0sn Iam Iamn Ibm Ibmn Icm Icmn
NR4412
BI_01+ 01
Ethernet 1
BI_01- 02
BI_02+ 03
Ethernet 3
Ground at BI_02- 04
Remote
device BI_03 05
Ethernet 2
BI_04 06
01 BI_05 07
02 A BI_06 08
03 B BI_07 09
04 SGND BI_08 10
NR4106
NR4503
05 BI_09 11
06 A BI_10 12
07 B BI_11 13
08 SGND BI_12 14
09 BI_13 15
10 SYN+ BI_14 16
11 SYN- BI_15 17
12 SGND BI_16 18
13 BI_17 19
14 RTS BI_18 20
15 TXD BI_19 21
16 SGND BI_Opto- 22
01 SIG_COM 01
BO_01
02 BO_Alm_Fail TX 02
03 BO_Alm_Abnor 03
BO_02
04 04
BO_01 RX
05 05
BO_03
06 06
BO_02
07 07
BO_04
08 08
BO_03
09 09
BO_05
10 10
NR4304
NR4202
NR4521
BO_04
11 11
BO_06
12 12
BO_05
13 13
BO_07
14 14
BO_06
15 15
BO_08
16 16
BO_07
17 17
BO_09
18 18
BO_08
19 19
BO_10
Power 20 PSW+ 20
Supply 21 PSW- 21
BO_11
22 GND 22
12 Commissioning
Table of Contents
12.1 General
This relay is fully numerical in their design, implementing all protection and non-protection
functions in software. The relay employs a high degree of self-checking and in the unlikely event of
a failure, will give an alarm. As a result of this, the commissioning test does not need to be as
extensive as with non-numeric electronic or electro-mechanical relays.
To commission numerical relays, it is only necessary to verify that the hardware is functioning
correctly and the application-specific software settings have been applied to the relay.
Blank commissioning test and setting records are provided at the end of this manual for
completion as required.
Before carrying out any work on the equipment, the user should be familiar with the contents of the
safety and technical data sections and the ratings on the equipment’s rating label.
DANGER!
WARNING!
ONLY qualified personnel should work on or in the vicinity of this device. The personnel
MUST be familiar with all safety regulations and service procedures described in this
manual. During operating of electrical device, certain part of the device is under high
voltage. Severe personal injury and significant device damage could result from
improper behavior.
The earthing screw of the device must be connected solidly to the protective earth conductor
before any other electrical connection is made.
Hazardous voltages can be present on all circuits and components connected to the supply
voltage or to the measuring and test quantities.
Hazardous voltages can be present in the device even after disconnection of the supply
voltage (storage capacitors!)
The limit values stated in the technical data (Chapter 2) must not be exceeded at all, not even
during testing and commissioning.
When testing the device with secondary test equipment, make sure that no other
measurement quantities are connected. Take also into consideration that the trip circuits and
maybe also close commands to the circuit breakers and other primary switches are
disconnected from the device unless expressly stated.
Multifunctional dynamic current and voltage injection test set with interval timer.
Multimeter with suitable AC current range and AC/DC voltage ranges of 0 ~440V and 0~250V
respectively.
NOTICE!
Modern test set may contain many of the above features in one unit.
Optional equipment:
An electronic or brushless insulation tester with a DC output not exceeding 500V (for
insulation resistance test when required).
A portable PC, with appropriate software (this enables the rear communications port to be
tested, if this is to be used, and will also save considerable time during commissioning).
EIA RS-485 to EIA RS-232 converter (if EIA RS-485 IEC60870-5-103 port is being tested).
When commissioning this device for the first time, sufficient time should be allowed to become
familiar with the method by which the settings are applied. A detailed description of the menu
structure of this relay is contained in Chapter 8.
With the front cover in place all keys are accessible. All menu cells can be read. The LED
indicators and alarms can be reset. Protection or configuration settings can be changed, or fault
and event records cleared. However, menu cells will require the appropriate pas sword to be
entered before changes can be made.
These product checks cover all aspects of the relay which should be checked to ensure that it has
not been physically damaged prior to commissioning, is functioning correctly and all input quantity
measurements are within the stated tolerances.
If the application-specific settings have been applied to the relay prior to commissioning, it is
advisable to make a copy of the settings so as to allow them restoration later. This cou ld be done
by extracting the settings from the relay itself via printer or manually creating a setting record.
This relay is fully numerical and the hardware is continuously monitored. Commissioning tests can
be kept to a minimum and need only include hardware tests and conjunctive tests. The function
tests are carried out according to user’s correlative regulations.
The following tests are necessary to ensure the normal operation of the equipment before it is first
put into service.
Hardware tests
These tests are performed for the following hardware to ensure that there is no hardware defect.
Defects of hardware circuits other than the following can be detected by self -monitoring when the
power supply is energized.
Function tests
These tests are performed for the following functions that are fully software -based. Tests of the
protection schemes and fault locator require a dynamic test set.
Timers test
Conjunctive tests
The tests are performed after the relay is connected with the primary equipment and other
external equipment.
On load test.
After unpacking the product, check for any damage to the relay case. If there is any damage, the
internal module might also have been affected, contact the vendor. The following listed items are
necessary.
Protection panel
Carefully examine the protection panel, protection equipment inside and other parts inside to
see that no physical damage has occurred since installation.
The rated information of other auxiliary protections should be checked to ensure it is correct
for the particular installation.
Panel wiring
Check the conducting wire which is used in the panel to assure that their cross section
meeting the requirement.
Carefully examine the wiring to see that they are no connection failure exists.
Label
Check all the isolator binary inputs, terminal blocks, indicators, switches and push buttons to
make sure that their labels meet the requirements of this project.
Check each plug-in module of the equipment on the panel to make sure that they are well
installed into the equipment without any screw loosened.
Earthing cable
Check whether the earthing cable from the panel terminal block is safely screwed to the panel
steel sheet.
Check whether all the switches, equipment keypad, isolator binary inputs and push buttons
work normally and smoothly.
Insulation resistance tests are only necessary during commissioning if it is required for them to be
done and they have not been performed during installation.
Isolate all wiring from the earth and test the isolation with an electronic or brushless insulation
tester at a DC voltage not exceeding 500V, The circuits need to be tested should include:
DC power supply
Test method:
To unplug all the terminals sockets of this relay, and do the insulation resistance test for each
circuit above with an electronic or brushless insulation tester.
On completion of the insulation resistance tests, ensure all external wiring is correctly reconnected
to the protection.
Check that the external wiring is correct to the relevant relay diagram and scheme diagram.
Ensure as far as practical that phasing/phase rotation appears to be as expected.
Check the wiring against the schematic diagram for the installation to ensure compliance with the
customer’s normal practice.
The relay only can be operated under the auxiliary power supply depending on the relay’s nominal
power supply rating.
The incoming voltage must be within the operating range specified in Section 2.1.1.1, before
energizing the relay, measure the auxiliary supply to ensure it within the operating range.
Other requirements to the auxiliary power supply are specified in Section 2.1.1.1. See this section
for further details about the parameters of the power supply.
WARNING!
Energize this relay only when the power supply is within the specified operating ranges
in Section 2.1.1.1.
The current and voltage transformer connections must remain isolated from the relay for these
checks. The trip circuit should also remain isolated to prevent accidental operation of the
associated circuit breaker.
The liquid crystal display (LCD) is designed to operate in a wide range of substation ambient
temperatures. For this purpose, this relay has an automatic “LCD contrast” adjusting feature,
which is capable to adjust LCD contrast automatically according to the ambient temperature.
Connect the relay to DC power supply correctly and turn the relay on. Check program version and
forming time displayed in command menu to ensure that are corresponding to what ordered.
If the time and date is not being maintained by substation automation system, the date and time
should be set manually.
Set the date and time to the correct local time and date using menu item “Clock”.
In the event of the auxiliary supply failing, with a battery fitted on CPU board, the time and date will
be maintained. Therefore when the auxiliary supply is restored the time and date will be correct
and not need to set again.
To test this, remove the auxiliary supply from the relay for approximately 30s. Afte r being
re-energized, the time and date should be correct.
On power up, the green LED “HEALTHY” should have illuminated and stayed on indicating that
the relay is healthy.
The relay has latched signal relays which remember the state of the trip, auto-reclose when the
relay was last energized from an auxiliary supply. Therefore these indicators may also illuminate
when the auxiliary supply is applied. If any of these LEDs are on then they should be reset before
proceeding with further testing. If the LED successfully reset, the LED goes out. There is no testing
required for that that LED because it is known to be operational.
It is likely that alarms related to voltage transformer supervision will not reset at this stage.
Apply the rated power supply and check that the “HEALTHY” LED is lighting in green. We need to
emphasize that the “HEALTHY” LED is always lighting in operation course except that this device
finds serious errors in it.
Produce one of the abnormal conditions listed in Chapter 4, the “ALARM ” LED will light in yellow.
When abnormal condition reset, the “ALARM ” LED extinguishes.
Test the other LEDs according to the configuration of the LEDs (through the PCS-Explorer
configuration tool auxiliary software). If the conditions which can turn on the selected LED are
satisfied, the selected LED will be on.
This test verifies that the accuracy of current measurement is within the acceptable tolerances.
Apply current equal to the current transformer secondary winding rating to each current
transformer input of the corresponding rating in turn, see the following table or external connection
diagram for appropriate terminal numbers, checking its magnitu de using a multimeter/test set
readout. The corresponding reading can then be checked in the relays menu.
The current measurement accuracy of the relay is ±2.5%. However an additional allowance must
be made for the accuracy of the test equipment being used.
This test verifies that the accuracy of voltage measurement is within the acceptable tolerances.
Apply rated voltage to each voltage transformer input in turn; checking its magnitude using a
multimeter/test set readout. The corresponding reading can then be checked in the relays menu.
The voltage measurement accuracy of the relay is ±0.5%. However an additional allowance must
be made for the accuracy of the test equipment being used.
This test checks that all the binary inputs on the relay are functioning correctly. The binary inputs
should be energized one at a time, see external connection diagrams for terminal numbers.
Ensure that the voltage applied on the binary input must be within the operating range.
The status of each binary input can be viewed using the submenu “Contact Inputs” and “Prot
Inputs”.
NOTICE!
The trip circuit should remain isolated during these checks to prevent accidental
operation of the associated circuit breaker.
The above tests have already demonstrated that the protection is within calibration, thus the
purpose of these tests is as follows:
To conclude that the primary function of the protection can trip according to the correct
application settings.
This check, performed the stage 1 current differential protection function in the No.1 setting group,
demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application-specific settings.
Set the setting [FO.LocID] as same as [FO.RmtID] in the submenu “Diff Settings”.
3. Connect the FO Channel module “TX” and “RX” together by an optic fiber (self-circle).
4. Simulate a normal condition with a very small phase currents to make the fault detector of the
differential protection not pick up.
5. Simulate a single-phase internal fault. The fault phase current is great enough to make the
fault detector of the differential protection pick up (see Section 3.3.2) and make the differential
conditions be satisfied (see Section 3.3.3).
6. The stage 1 differential protection will operate and issue the trip command. The “ TRIP” LED
indicator will be on; a relevant report will be shown on the LCD.
7. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the stage 1 differential protection
automatically. Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
This check, performed the stage 1 overcurrent protection function in the No.1 setting group,
demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application-specific settings.
1. Enable the stage 1 overcurrent protection with VCE and directional element control.
Set the logic setting [50/51P1.En] as “1” in the submenu “OC Settings”.
Set the logic setting [50/51P1.En_VCE] as “1” in the submenu “OC Settings”.
4. Simulate a single-phase fault or multi-phase fault, the current of the fault phase is 1.05 ×
[50/51P1.I_Set], and the protection voltages satisfy the VCE condition (see Section 3.4.3) and
forward directional control condition (see Section 3.4.4).
5. After the period of [50/51P1.t_Op], the stage 1 overcurrent protection will operate and issue
the trip command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report will be shown on the
LCD.
6. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the stage 1 overcurrent protection
automatically. Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
This check, performed the IDMT overcurrent protection function with very inverse curve in No.1
setting group, demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application -specific settings.
Set the logic setting [50/51P1.En] as “1” in the submenu “OC Settings”.
4. Simulate a single-phase fault or multi-phase fault, and the current of the fault phase is 2 ×
[50/51P1.I_Set].
5. After the period of 13.5 × [50/51P1.TMS] × [50/51P1.t_Op], the IDMT overcurrent protection
will operate and issue the trip command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant
report will be shown on the LCD.
6. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the IDMT protection automatically. Restore
the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
NOTICE!
The IDMT overcurrent protection with other characteristic inverse curves can be
checked through the same method. Note to set the relevant characteristic and logic
settings correctly.
This check, performed the stage 1 zero sequence overcurrent protection function in the No.1
setting group, demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the app lication-specific settings.
Set the logic setting [50/51G1.En] as “1” in the submenu “EF Settings”.
3. Simulate a normal condition, the external input current of the zero sequence CT is less than
0.95 × [50/51G1.3I0_Set].
4. Simulate a single-phase earth fault, the external input current of the zero sequence CT is
greater than 1.05 × [50/51G1.3I0_Set].
5. After the period of [50/51G1.t_Op], the stage 1 zero sequence overcurrent protection will
operate and issue the trip command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report
will be shown on the LCD.
6. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the stage 1 zero sequence overcurrent
protection automatically. Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
NOTICE!
Another way for testing the zero sequence overcurrent protection is using the
self-calculated zero sequence current.
This check, performed the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection function in the No.1 setting
group, demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application -specific settings.
Set the logic setting [50/51SEF1.En] as “1” in the submenu “SEF Settings”.
3. Simulate a normal condition, the external input current of the sensitive zero sequence CT is
less than 0.95 × [50/51SEF1.3I0_Set].
4. Simulate a single-phase earth fault, the external input current of the zero sequence CT is
greater than 1.05 × [50/51SEF1.3I0_Set].
5. After the period of [50/51SEF1.t_Op], the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection will operate
and issue the trip command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report will be
shown on the LCD.
6. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection
automatically. Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
This check, performed the stage 1 negative sequence overcurrent protection function in the No.1
setting group, demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application -specific settings.
Set the logic setting [50/51Q1.En] as “1” in the submenu “NegOC Settings”.
3. Simulate a normal condition; the negative sequence current is less than 0.95 ×
[50/51Q1.I2_Set].
4. Simulate an unbalance fault; the negative sequence current is greater than 1.05 ×
[50/51Q1.I2_Set].
5. After the period of [50/51Q1.t_Op], the stage 1 negative sequence overcurrent protection will
operate and issue the trip command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report
will be shown on the LCD.
6. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the stage 1 negative sequence overcurrent
protection automatically. Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
This check, performed the thermal overload protection function in No.1 setting group,
demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application-specific settings.
Set the logic setting [49.En_Trp] as “1” in the submenu “ThOvLd Settings”.
3. Simulate a normal condition with normal protection voltages and currents, and the load
current is 0.5 × [49.K_Trp] × [49.Ib_Set].
5. After the period of about 0.223 × [49.Tau], the definite time overload protection will operate
and issue the trip command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report will be
shown on the LCD.
6. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the thermal overload protection
automatically. Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
This check, performed the stage 1 undervoltage protection function in the No.1 setting group,
demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application-specific settings.
Set the logic setting [27P1.En] as “1” in the submenu “VoltProt Settings”.
3. Simulate a normal condition with normal protection voltages and the circuit breaker is closed .
4. Simulate an undervoltage condition; anyone of the three phase-to-phase voltages is less than
0.95 × [27P1.U_Set].
5. After the period of [27P1.t_Op], the stage 1 undervoltage protection will operate and issue the
trip command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report will be shown on the
LCD.
6. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the stage 1 undervoltage protection
automatically. Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
This check, performed the stage 1 overvoltage protection function in the No.1 setting group,
demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application-specific settings.
Set the logic setting [59P1.En] as “1” in the submenu “VoltProt Settings”.
5. After the period of [59P1.t_Op], the stage 1 overvoltage protection will operate and issue the
trip command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report will be shown on the
LCD.
6. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the stage 1 overvoltage protection
automatically. Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
This check, performed the broken conductor protection function in the No.1 setting group,
demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application-specific settings.
Set the logic setting [50BC.En] as “1” in the submenu “BrknCond Settings”.
4. Simulate a broken conductor condition; the ratio I2/I1 is greater than 1.05 × [50BC.I2/I1_Set].
5. After the period of [50BC.t_Op], the broken conductor protection will operate and issue the trip
command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report will be shown on the LCD.
6. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the broken conductor protection
automatically. Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
This check, performed the breaker failure protection function in the No.1 setting group,
demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application-specific settings.
There are many protective elements can initiate the breaker failure protection. Here, all the check
is based on the assumption that the stage 1 overcurrent protection is operated.
1. Enable the stage 1 breaker failure protection and the stage 1 overcurrent protection.
Set the logic setting [50/51P1.En] as “1” in the submenu “OC Settings”.
Set the logic setting [50/51P1.En_VCE] as “1” in the submenu “OC Settings”.
Set the logic setting [50BF.En] as “1” in the submenu “BFP Settings”.
Set the logic setting [50BF.En_ReTrp] as “1” in the submenu “BFP Settings”.
3. Simulate a normal condition with normal currents and the circuit breaker is closed.
4. Make the stage 1 overcurrent protection operate according the method which is described in
Section 12.5.3.3.
5. Make the fault phase current is greater than 1.05 × [50BF.I_Set] and the circuit breaker is
closed.
6. After the period of [50BF.t_ReTrp], the breaker failure protection will operate and issue the
re-trip command; and after the period of [50BF.t_Op], the breaker failure protection will
operate and issue the trip command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report
will be shown on the LCD.
7. After the fault is disappeared, this relay will restore the breaker failure protection automatically.
Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD manually.
This check, performed the No.1 mechanical protection function in the No.1 setting group,
demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application-specific settings.
Set the logic setting [MR1.En] as “1” in the submenu “MR Prot Settings”.
Set the setting [MR1.OutMap] as “0x0001” in the submenu “MR Prot Settings”.
Set other logic settings as “0” in the submenu “MR Prot Settings”.
4. Energized the binary input which is defined as the input of the No.1 mechanical protection .
5. After the period of [MR1.t_Op], the No.1 mechanical protection will operate and issue the trip
command. The “TRIP” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report will be shown on the LCD.
6. After the signal of the No.1 mechanical protection is disappeared, this relay will restore the
No.1 mechanical protection automatically. Restore the “TRIP” indicator and the LCD
manually.
This check, performed the auto-reclosing with synchronism check function in No.1 setting group,
demonstrates that the relay is operating correctly at the application-specific settings.
There are many protective elements can make the auto-recloser operate. Here, all the check is
based on the assumption that the stage 1 overcurrent protection is operated.
Set the logic setting [50/51P1.En] as “1” in the submenu “OC Settings”.
Set the logic setting [50/51P1.En_VCE] as “1” in the submenu “OC Settings”.
Set the logic setting [79.En] as “1” in the submenu “AR Settings”.
Set the logic setting [79.En_SynChk] as “1” in the submenu “AR Settings”.
3. Simulate a normal condition with normal protection voltages, currents and synchro-check
voltage, and the circuit breaker is closed. After a period of time delay, the auto-recloser is
ready and in service. A full charged battery sign is shown on the right bottom of the LCD.
4. Make the stage 1 overcurrent protection operate according the method which is described in
Section 12.5.3.3.
5. Just at the same time when the stage 1 overcurrent protection is operated, simulate a normal
condition with normal voltage inputs (protection and synchro-check) and without current
inputs, and the circuit breaker is opened. After the period of [79.t_3PS1], the auto-recloser will
operate, the “RECLOSE” LED indicator will be on; a relevant report will be shown on the LCD.
The auto-recloser with other check modes can be checked through the same method. Note to set
the relevant logic settings as “1”. For the details about the auto-recloser theory, see Section 3.13.
Confirm the external wiring to the current and voltage inputs is correct.
However, these checks can only be carried out if there are no restrictions preventing the
tenderization of the plant being protected.
Remove all test leads, temporary shorting leads, etc. and replace any external wiring that has
been removed to allow testing.
If it has been necessary to disconnect any of the external wiring from the protection in order to
perform any of the foregoing tests, it should be ensured that all connections are replaced in
accordance with the relevant external connection or scheme diagram. Confirm current and voltage
transformer wiring.
After the above tests are completed, remove all test or temporary shorting leads, etc. If it has been
necessary to disconnect any of the external wiring from the protection in order to perform the
wiring verification tests, it should be ensured that all connections are replaced in accordance with
the relevant external connection or scheme diagram.
If the protection is in a new installation or the circuit breaker has just be en maintained, the circuit
breaker maintenance and current counters should be zero. If a test block is installed, remove the
test plug and replace the cover so that the protection is put into service.
Ensure that all event records, fault records, disturbance records and alarms have been cleared
and LED’s has been reset before leaving the protection.
13 Maintenance
Table of Contents
This relay is self-supervised and so requires less maintenance than earlier designs of relay. Most
problems will result in an alarm so that remedial action can be taken. However, some periodic
tests should be done to ensure that the relay is functioning correctly and the extern al wiring is
intact.
The relay is almost completely self-supervised. The circuits which can not be supervised are
binary input, output circuits and human machine interfaces. Therefore regular testing can be
minimized to checking the unsupervised circuits.
When a failure is detected by supervision, a remote alarm is issued and the failure is indicated on
the front panel with LED indicators and LCD display. It is also recorded in the alarm record.
Failures detected by supervision are traced by checking the history alarm reports through the HMI.
See Section 8.3.2 for the details of the alarm events.
If the failure is identified to be in the relay module and the user has spare modules, the user can
recover the protection by replacing the failed modules.
Repair at the site should be limited to module replacement. Maintenance at the component level is
not recommended.
Check that the replacement module has an identical module name and hardware type -form as the
removed module. Furthermore, the replaced module should have the same software version. And
the replaced analog input module and power supply module should have the same ratings.
DANGER!
After replacing modules, be sure to check that the same configuration is set as before
the replacement. If this is not the case, there is a danger of the unintended operation of
switchgear taking place or of protections not functioning correctly. Persons may also be
put in danger.
WARNING!
Units and modules may only be replaced while the supply is switched off and only by
appropriately trained and qualified personnel. Strictly observe the basic precautions to
guard against electrostatic discharge.
WARNING!
When handling a module, take anti-static measures such as wearing an earthed wrist
band and placing modules on an earthed conductive mat. Otherwise, many of the
electronic components could suffer damage. After replacing the main CPU module,
check the settings.
Table of Contents
14.1 Decommissioning
To switch off this relay, switch off the external miniature circuit breaker of the power supply.
Disconnect the cables in accordance with the rules and recommendations made by relational
department.
DANGER!
Before disconnecting the power supply cables that connected with the power supply
module of this relay, make sure that the external miniature circuit breaker of the power
supply is switched off.
DANGER!
Before disconnecting the cables that are used to connect analog input module with the
primary CT and VT, make sure that the circuit breaker for the primary CT and VT is
switched off.
14.1.3 Dismantling
The rack of this relay may now be removed from the system cubicle, after which the cubicles may
also be removed.
DANGER!
When the station is in operation, make sure that there is an adequate safety distance to
live parts, especially as dismantling is often performed by unskilled personnel.
14.2 Disposal
In every country there are companies specialized in the proper disposal of electronic waste.
NOTICE!
Strictly observe all local and national regulations when disposing of the device.