Biology Question Bank for Biology for Engineers (4thSem)

▪ Introductory Chapter:

1. Write down the similarities and difference between a Camera and a Human eye, Dandellion and Parachute,
Bird and Aero plane

▪ INFORMATION TRANSFER :

1. Who gave the double helix model of DNA? Write down the Double Helical Structure of DNA with proper
Diagram
2. What is Chargaff’s Rule? States Its Mathematical expression.
3. Write down the components of Nucleosome. Draw the structure of Nucleosome.
4. Say, a double helical linear DNA molecule has 20% of Adenine. Calculate the percentage of Guanine,
Cytosine and Thymine.
5. What is Genetic Code. Write down the salient features of Genetic code.
6. What do you mean by Initiation and Termination codon? Give example. What is nonsense codon. Give
example.
7. What do you mean by Central Dogma of life? Write down the difference between DNA & RNA
8. Differentiate between Nucleoside and Nucleotide. Which type of bonds are present in Nucleic acid molecule

▪ BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION :

1. What do you mean by Biological or Taxonomic Hierarchy. Write down the taxa of Linnaean Hierarchy.
2. Define the following terms : a) Species, c) Genus, d) Family, e) Order , f) Class, g) Phylum
3. Write down the comparative study of Five kingdom classification. Who did Propose this system?
4. What are the importance of the Biological classification.
5. Write down two Examples of Unicellular Prokaryotic and Unicellular Eukaryotic organisms.
6. Briefly Differentiate between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell.
7. What is Nucleoid? Give examples of membrane bound cell organelle, Non-membrane bound cell organelle.
8. Write-down the comparative study of Ureotelic, Uricotelic and Ammonotelic animals
9. Differentiate between Terrestrial and aquatic animals
10. What do you mean by Model organisms? Mention atleast three characteristics of the following organisms
or which they are considered as Model Organism:
A) Plant model organisms : Arabidopsis thaliana
B) Mammalian Model Organisms : Mus musculus
C) Bacterium : Escherichia coli
D) Fruit fly : Drosophila melanogaster
E) Nematode: C. elegance
▪ ENZYMES :

1. Write a note on the classification of enzymes with example.

2. Discuss the mechanism of enzyme reaction with graph. or. Explain the statement "Enzyme work by lowering
activation energy".
3. How does the substrate concentration, Temperature & PH affect the enzyme activity?
4. Discuss different types of Co-factors. What is the role of co-factors? What is Ribozyme.
5. What do you mean by Enzyme Inhibition? Briefly state about the competitive, uncompetitive and non-
competitive inhibition.

▪ Biomolecules:
1. What are polysaccharides? Classify polysaccharides based on their composition and function.
2. Why monosaccharides are known as reducing agents? give one example of non-reducing sugar.
3. What is essential amino acid? Give two examples.
4. What is isoelectric point of amino acid? What is zwitter ionic structure?
5. Write short note on: a) Peptide bond b) Glycosidic bond
6. Briefly discuss different functions of proteins.
7. Discuss different structures of proteins.
8. List the different types of lipids. What are the monomers of Lipid.
9. What are phospholipids? Briefly discuss their structures.
10. what is essential fatty acid. Give two examples.
11. What do you mean by nucleoside and nucleotide? How are the structurally different from each other.
12. Differentiate between Purines & Pyrimidines.

▪ GENETICS :
1. Define following terms: a) Phenotype, b) Genotype, c) Locus/Loci, d) Alleles, e) Dominant and Recessive
alleles
2. Briefly state the Mendel’s laws of Inheritance.
3. Why did Mendel choose Pea plant for his experiment? Mention any three contrasting characters of Pea plant
he worked on.
4. What do you mean by Incomplete Dominance? Explain it with Proper example.
5. What do you mean by Co-dominance explain it with proper example?
6. Mention two exceptional phenomena of each Mendel’s law
7. What is linkage. write a note on Linkage and also state its significance
8. What do you mean by Epistasis? What is the phenotypic ratio of Dominant epistasis? Explain it with proper
example.
9. What is the phenotypic ratio of Recessive epistasis show it through a checker board.
 10. What is Test cross? how it is different from Back cross?
11. Give two example of Sigle Gene Disorder in Human (One Dominant & one recessive disease )
12. A child has blood group ‘O’. If the father has blood group A and mother has blood group B, work out the
genotypes of the parents and the possible genotypes of the other offsprings.

13. A hemophilic man marries with a normal homozygous woman. what will be the Phenotypes and Genotypes
of their children?

14. What do you mean by Color blindness? Why the males are more victims than the females.

▪ METABOLISM:

1. Describe briefly Glycolysis process or write down the steps of EMP pathway

2. Describe briefly Krebs Cycle..Krebs Cycle is called “Amphibolic pathway”-Justify the statement.(3+2)

3. What do you mean by Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions?

4. What are the components of light and Dark reaction and the final products?
Differentiate these two phases

5. What do you mean by Substrate level Phosphorylation and photolysis of Water?

▪ MICROBIOLOGY :

1. Give any two examples of commonly used chemicals for sterilization

2. Briefly describe the bacterial kineties
3. Give two examples of Culture Medium of micro organisms. Write down the basic composition of bacterial
cultural medium.

Microscopy

4. What do you mean by Magnification and Resolving power of a Microscope. Briefly discuss (5)

5. Differentiate between SEM and TEM. What is eyepiece & objective lens of a Microscope? (3+2)

6. Which Microscope is used for the study of live and unstained cells. Write down four salient features of this
Microscope. (1+4)

7. Differentiate between – (a)Light Microscope & Electron Microscope, (b) Simple Microscope & Compound
Microscope (3+2)