THE CAMPAIGN FOR NORTH AFRICA THE DESERT WAR 1940-43 AIR & LOGISTICS GAMES RULES OF PLAY AND SCENARIOS Copyright © 1979, Simulations Publicetions,Ine., New York, N.Y. 10010 THE AIR GAME 33.0 SEQUENCE OF PLAY (Air Game) 34.0 THE AIRCRAFT 34.1 Aircraft Capabilities 34.2 Fighters 34.3 Bombers 34.4 Flying Boats (Seaplanes) 345 Transports 34.6 Aircraft Capability Chart 34.7 Aircraft Counters 348 Airforce Reinforcements and Withdrawals 35.0 SQUADRON GROUND SUPPORT UNITS 35.1 SGSU Characteristics 35.2 Squadron Composition, 36.0 AIR FACILITIES 36.1 Airfields 36.2 Air Landing Strips 36.3 Flying Boat Basins 36.4 Flying Boat Alighting Areas 36.5 OFf-Map Air Facilites 37.0 FLIGH 31.1 The Mechanics of Flight 37.2 Restrictions on Flight, 37.3 Emergency Plight 31.4 Distance Charts 38.0 AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE, 38.1 Rearming Aircraft 38.2 Refueling Aircraft 38.3 Refitting Aircraft 38.4 Arming Aircraft 39.0 MISSIONS. 39.1 Missions in General 39.2 Combined Missions 39.3 Voluntarily Aborted Missions 39.4 Night Missions 39.5 Aircraft Mission Summary 40.0 410 80 \GHTER COMBAT 40.1 Pilots 40.2 Combat Air Patrol (CAP) 40.3 Scramble 40.4 Scramble Table 40.5 Strafing 40.6 Strafing Procedures 40.7 Fighter Flak Suppression 40.8 Strafing Table 40.9 Night Fighters BOMBING MISSIONS 41.1 Restrictions on Bombers 41.2. Land Support Mission Procedure 41.3 Land Support Bombing Missions 41.4 Night Bombing Missions 415 Air Bombardment 41.6 Strategic Phase Bombing Missions Axis Naval Convoys 41.7 Torpedoes 41.8 Bombing Tripoli 41.9 Pinned by Bombing NON-COMBAT MISSIONS 42.1 Transfer Missions 42.2 Reconnaissance Missions 42.3 Transport Missions 424 Airdrop Missions (Paratroops) 42.5 Naval Convoy Reconnaissance Missions AXIS ITALIAN-AEGEAN AIR BASES 43.1 Axis Mediterranean Bomber Base Requirements 43.2 Mediterranean Base Restrictions andCapabilities MALTA ‘44.1 The Maltese Airbases 44.2 Axis Air Raids on Malta 4.3 Invasion of Malta 4444 Strategic Air Raids on Malta 44.5 Malta Air Facility Construction Table 214P1245.0 AIR-TO-AIR COMBAT 445.1. How and When Air-to-Air Combat Occurs 45.2 Fighter vs Fighter 48.3 Fighter vs non-Fighter (Screened Planes) 48.4 Maneuver Adjustment Chart 45.5 Tacai Kill Table 45.6 Plane and Pilot Recovery 48.7 Extended Range 46.0 ANTI-AIRCRAFT (Flak) 46.1 Flak/AA Units 46.2 Restrictions on Anti-Aireraft Fire 46.3 Anti-Aircraft Combat Results Table 46.4 Flak Adjustment Chart 41.0 ABSTRACT LOGISTICS RULES 47.4 Supply Units and Supply 49.2 Supply Expenditures 47.3 Movement of Supply Units 414 Availability of Supply Units 41.5 Motorization Points 41.6 Simplified Axis Naval Convoys 47.7 Bombardment of the Commonwealth Fleet 47.8 Stacking Modifications THE LOGISTICS GAME 48.0 SEQUENCE OF PLAY (Logistics Game) 49.0 FUEL, 49.1 Fuel Consumption Rates 49.2 Transportation of Fuel 49.3 Evaporation and Spillage 50.0 AMMUNITION 50.1. Consumption of Ammunition 50.2 Ammunition Consumption Rates Chart 51.0 STORES 51.1 Usage of Stores 51.2 Effects of Lack of Stores 52.0 WATER 52.1 Wells 52.2 Water Pipelines 52.3 Oases 52.4 Water Usage Rates 452.5 Elfects of Lack of Water 452.6 The Italian Pasta Rule 52.7 Water Availability Table 52.8 Poisoning and Swectening Wells Table 53.0 TRUCKS AND TRANSPORT $3.1 First, Second, and Third-Line Trucks 53.2 Restrictions on the Use of Trucks 53.3 Abandoned Vehicles 54.0 SUPPLY CO-ORDINATION 54.1 Supply Dumps 34.2 Truck Characteristics Chart 54.3 The Commonwealth Railroad 54.4 Axis Use of the Commonwealth Railroad 54.5 Equivalent Weights Chart 55.0 PORTS AND SUPPLY 55.1 Port Capacity and Use 58.2 Blocking Harbors 15.3 Port Capacity and Efficiency Level Chart 56.0 THE AXIS NAVAL CONVOY SYSTEM 86.1 The Shipping Lanes 136.2 Shipping by Convoy 156.3 Axis Coastal Shipping 56.4 Axis Naval Convoy Level Chart $6.5 Axis Convoy Capacity Table 57.0 THE COMMONWEALTH SUPPLY BASE 58.0 ABSTRACT AIR RULES 58.1 Effects on Axis Naval Units 58.2 Commonwealth Fleet Bombardment 458.3 Effect on Supplies 158.4 Effect on Trucks SCENARIOS 59.0 INTRODUCTION TO SCENARIOS 59.1 Scenario Organization 59.2 How to Read the Scenario Set-Ups 59.3 Initial Air Strengths 59.4 Initial Truck Strengths 39.5 Initial Supply 59.6 Abstract Logistics and Air 60.0 SCENARIO GROUP I: The Iislians {60.1 General Description 60.2 Scenario Length 60.3 Axis Forces 60.4 Commonwealth Forces 60.5 Air Facilities 60.6 Initiative {60.7 Construction on the Map at the Start of the Game {60.8 Fist Scenario Group Vietory Conditions (60.9 Air & Logistics Games Abstractions 61.0 SCENARIO GROUP TWO: The Desert Fox 61.1 General Description 61.2 Scenario Length and Duration 661.3 Commonwealth Forces 61.4 Axis Forces 615 Initiative {61.6 Construction on the Map at the Start of the Game 61.7 Arr & Logistics Games Abstractions 61.8 Vietory Conditions 62.0 SCENARIO GROUP THREE: Operation Crusader 62.1 General Description 62.2 Scenario Length and Duration {62.3 Commonwealth Forces 62.4 Axis Forces {62.5 Construction atthe Start of the Scenario 62.6 Air & Lopistics Games Abstractions 62.7 Initiative 62.8 Victory Conditions 63.0 SCENARIO GROUP FOUR: BI Alamein 63.1 General Description 63.2 Scenario Length and Duration 63.3 Commonwealth Forces 63.4 Axis Forces 63.5 Special Rules 63.6 Initiative 63.7 Construction 63.8 Air & Logistics Games Abstractions 68.9 Victory Conditions 64.0 SCENARIO GROUP FIVE: The Campaign for North Afric (64.1 Introduction 64.2 Scenario Length 64.3 Initial Deployments 64.4 (64.5 Special Rules/Adjustments {64.6 Air & Logistics Games Abstractions {64.1 Victory Conditions 65.0 IN CONCLUSION DESIGNER'S NOTES BIBLIOGRAPHYTHE AIR GAME ‘The following rules Setions cover the air wa in NA. In essence, all planes are represented in- fighters have pilots. Each type of fering characteristics and mision Capabilities. all ofthese ar listed in the Altera ‘Characteristes Chats foreach nationality, Yet, in Keeping wits tho tone of the land game, the fel of the game is operational. While there fs plane-to plane combat, tis not resolved tactically, and all Strengths have been considered operational. Tdeally, the air portion of the game requites & separate Player for each ide, There is large “amount of paperwork involved, and, eventhough tere were relatively few planes. in Africa, a Player may have t jugale operations for 500 19 1000 aircraft during a given OpStage. The rules for ‘he Air Game are fot simpler than those for the Tand game, Air Commanders should simply keep ther Characteristics “Charts handy” and Be prepared todo lot of planning. [33.0] SEQUENCE OF PLAY: Air Game Note: tis possible use the Land Game and Ait ‘Game Rules while omiting the Logistics Game rules, LAND/AIRGAME-TURN ‘SEQUENCE OF PLAY Play of the game should proceed in accordance with he following outline. 1. INITIATIVE DETERMINATION STAGE, ‘The Players determine who will have the initiative forthe coming Gamne-Tura (see Section 7.0). The Player going first within the Operations Stage (see below) is Known as “Player A"; the othe is “Player IL STRATEGIC AIR PLANNING STAGE A, Designation Phase: The Payers assign their airplanes to fly Land Sup- ort or Strategie missions, B. Axis Malta Avalailty Determination Phase ‘The Axis Player determines the amount of support he will receive from his abstracted N, African ‘Theatre airforce for Rais on Malta . Strategie Mission Assigament Phase Panes designated as lying Statepie missions are assigned. The Axis Player assigns his planes (0 aids on Malta or naval convoy protection. The ‘Commonwealth Player assigns his planes to naval Recon missions or Bombing Reserv, D. Malia Raid Phase ‘The Axis Player resolves flak suppression, anti= siccraft Fireand bombing missions against Maltese facilities (Note that Commonwealth warships Sationed at Valeta may only be attacked by Land Support Missions) IIL NAVAL CONVOY STAGE ‘A. Naval Convoy Schedule Phase ‘The Axis Player refers to the Axis Naval Convoy Level Chart and then othe Axis Convoy Capacity ‘Table and rolls one die to determine the total ton nage available forthe next Game-Turn, He then plans what specitic cargoes the convoys will carry And their outs, B. Convoy Resolution Phase 1. Naval Convoy Reconnaissance Segment: The Allied Player” resolves Strategic” Convoy Reconnaissance missions 2. Convoy Lane Assignment Segment: Axis con ‘voy provetionaferaft are assigned CAP missions in specific Convoy Lanes. Commonwealth Bom’ ing Reserve airraft are asigned CAP, Flak Sup. pression or Convoy Bombing mission in specific convoy anes. 3. Convoy Bombing Segment: Al bat, Fak Suppression, antvaicrat, and convoy ‘bombing is earied out, LV. FIRST OPERATIONS STAGE ‘A. Inatve Declaration Phase ‘The Player who gained the nitive in Stage Low Sates whether he wil be "Player A” or "Player 'B" for ths particular Operations Stage BB. Weather Determination Phase ‘The Player with initiative rolls for weather (se Section 29.0), All adjustments for unusial weather are made at this ime, including an addi tional evaporation of Fuel/Water from “Hot Weather.” ©, Organization Phase (The following Segments are undertaken in any order desired), 41. Reorganization Segment: Attachment and/or ‘assignment of relaforcements, replacement, oF ny other non-assigned units including Trucks ‘may be undertaken. Detachment of stacked units may ako bedone. 2. Construction Segment: 8, Construction ‘Completion Step: Any work Scheduled for completion is finished, markers being removed or added as required. Units that have completed. construction may freely be moved '. Construction Initation/Consinuation Step ‘Any continuing (or ensuing) work on projets foted. Any units involved in such work sy not ‘be moved (voluntary) during the remainder of "he current Operations Stage Training Seement: 8, Training Completion Step: Units and Replacement Points completing evel of tain- ing arenoted and te effets in Morale Applied by. Training Initation/Concinuation Step: Any units “beginning or continuing. training are noted. They may not be moved (voluntary) i the remainder of the Operations Stage (excep lion: Reaction), 4. Supply Distribution Segment: Supplies in the same hex as land unis may be reisieibated at this time, subject the maximum innate capacity of the ‘unit(s) and” the Rex. Trucks may” be Toaded/unloaded 5. Tactical Shipping Strength: Both Players ee cute the uansport of cargo between African Ports. Note: Axis coastal ships are represented the game by counters. Allied coastal shipping ie ‘ot represented by counters, and is ited only by the port capacities, D. Naval Convoy ArrvalPhase All land and aie reinforcements, Replacement Points, and Supplies Scheduled for arial (and a6- ‘wally arriving) appear in thir designated ports oF arrival or entrance henes, Check Reinforcement ‘Tables and Convoy Rules. The Axis Player plas forth arrival of fature Replacement Points from the Axis Replacement Points Pool, if he i the ‘Phasing Player. Ia his First Naval Convoy Arrival Phase of each month, the Commonwealth Player consults the Commonwealth Production Table And determines how many Replacement Posts he will receive one mosith hence and plans for thet arrival. E, CommonwealthFteet Phase 1. Fleet Assignment Segment? ‘The Com ‘monwealth Player assigns fis Ships to any Sea or ‘Coastal nexes for Bombardment purposes. 2. Fleet Repair Segment: Any Repait work on Ships is undertaker at this time F. Land Support Air Phase (Only those planes assigned to Land Support Mis- sons may beusedin his Phase) 1, Mision Assignment Segment: All planes that ste fueled may be assigned Missionsby the Player. 2. Mission Deployment Segment: Cousters resenting each typeof plane aesigned a Mission replaced in their hex of assignment 3. Air-to-Air Combat Resolution Segment: Cm bat betveen opposing strat, inclading any caus ‘edby Scramble and Intereeption, is resolved. Mis: sion aborts may take place before combat resoht- 4. Flok Resolution Segment: Aircrat in the same rev as enemy ant-alrralt units undergo Flak fie 5. Mission Completion Segment: All missions ‘that an be completed (e.g, bombing, strafing, fe.) are completed. Aboris may take place hee, 6, Return to Base Segment Al surviving aircraft ae returned to thei base of rigin (excepting those on transfer misions and some other rar oc ‘aslo, 7. Tactical Maintenance Segment: Both Players may attempt to ready al planes eligible fly lan support missions for the next OpStaze G, Reserve Designation Phase Player “A” designates which of his unite he i= placing in Reserve Status, indicating that with a [Reserve marker (Se Section 18.0) H Movementand Combat Phase The following four Seements comprise the Move ‘ment and Combat Phase, Player "A" may, if he 0 wishes, repeat Segments 1 through 4 as many times as he desires within the restrictions of the ‘Continual Movement rues (6.2). Each repetion rmustincludeall four Segments, 1. Movement Segment: All units excep unattach- fd tucks and tank recovery squadrons not ia reserve and eligible to be moved may be moved. 'Non-Phasing Player ("8") may move units ac- cordance with the Reaction movement rules (26 Case, 2. Breakdown Determination Seement: All ‘hicles and Motorized units of both sides are checked for Breakdown (Section 21.0), Broken down vehicles are indicated with an appropriate marker. 3. Comber Segment: 4, Position Determination Step: Both Players Getermine the “position” (Front or Bah) ofall Gunand Armor las units, ». Barrage Step: Players secretly plot and then execute any barrage, © Reticat Before Assault Step: Player "B" may fetreat before asault any of his unt eligible to beso moved (se Section 1.0), 4, Force Assignment Step: Both Players secret ly asign TOF Strength Points to antiarmor or clove assault. Player “A” determines which 'sssaulls will be probes (although he need not reveal this decsfon) and which TOE Strength Points willbe withheld from assault {. AntiArmor Step: Both ofthe layers simultancously resolve any anti-armor fire, extract- ing any casuals, Destroyed tank mackers are ‘eployedas eequired £. Close Asault Step: Close Asus are resol fc in any order as determined by Player A.” eannounces which of them ae actually probes after each sresolved 4, Reserve Release Segment: Player “A” may Teleuse aay of his reserves that he wishes to. J. Truck Convoy Movement Phase Player “A may move his Second and Third Line (unattached) Trucks, replacement points and any POW" and Guards. K, Commonweulth Rall Movement Phase If Player “A” isthe Commonwealth Player, he ‘may utilize rll movement (see Case 8.7) 10 move Tan uss or supplies, Otherwise this Phase is ‘omitted L. Rep 1. Towing Segment: Payer “A” may tow broken ddownand recovered vices, 2. Maintenance Segment: Player “A” may fempe to. repair broken down, or destroyed ‘ehiles which were not towed inthis Phase. M, Patrol Phase If the Phasing Player has not engaged in Assault, hhemay dee patrols for reconnaissance purposes. ‘At this point, Phases G, H, J, K, Ly and M are Fepented, except that for'“Plajer ‘A read Faia \V, SECOND OPERATIONS STAGE ‘Both Players repeat al faces of the ist Opera sions Stage VI. THIRD OPERATIONSSTAGE Both Players repeat al faces of the Fist Opera- Sons Stage, Vil, STRATEGIC AIR RECOVERY STAGE |A, Return fo Base Phase i surviving planes from missions flown in Stage re returned tei base oF origin if possible. 1 Aircraft Maintenance Phase Both Players may attempt to ready planes that have flown missions during the Strategic Ait tase Vill, ENDOFGAME-TURN ‘You have now completed éne full Gamne-Turm, Feplete with airplanes and sandstorm and the lott Congratulations. You may putin fora transfer but before doing 9, keep in mind that the Russian Fronts the only other active Theatre (34.0) THE AIRCRAFT GENERAL RULE; Players will be handling individual steraft in GNA, cach type of plane having ils own characteristics. There are, basicaly, seven dif. fecent types of planes: Fighters, fighter-bombers, bombers (ako classified as to night bombing capabilities), dive-bombers, wanspors, pre re fonmsisance (ome planes. with adi spabiliis may also fly recon), and fling boas ‘These planes ean perform a variety of missions all, ‘of which fit into One ofthe Following roles: parol {support of other planes), combat (bombing oF Steaing), econ, or transpo Each plane it asigned to a specific squadron, ‘whose Squadrons Ground Support Uni (base) i placed on the gamemap — usually in anair facil ty (airfil, air landing strip, fying boat basin o¢ flying boat lighting ate). The Squadron Ground Support Unit (SGSU) services the planes for that squadson, The planes themselves are rated as 10 range, tactical ait combat, bomb toad and/or transporesapacity, maneuver capability, ful con: ‘sumption and mission eapabliy. Fighters ae also fssigned individual Pilots, Planes are useful only if they havebeen fueled and refitted aftera mission. CASES: (34.1) AIRCRAFT CAPABILITIES (34.1) Range ‘A Planes range isthe maximum distance, in hex Sathat lt ay be flown roa hex 0 perfort amis Sion tisalsothe maximum distance from which i ray reuon fo. base from a mission. There is one “xception to thse planes ying a transfer mission {Gimply moving from one air facilty to the next ‘nay beflown distance equal 0 vce that of the sted range, Example: An McI09E based on 3 ‘nding Strip in hex C3101 may fly tex C3133 fora srafing mission — a distance of 32 exes, within its Range of 41 — and then fly back co is Squadron bave a C3101. The MeLOSE could not be flown fom the mission hex to.an Axis airfield Jn AOJLS for two reasons: i oo faraway a ‘enerally, all planes must return to their Base of trgin, Planes may not save hexes not flown (within «plane's Range) going out and use thers Coming back (8. the MeLOBE flies ony 10 hexes {ova Mission; i sil has a Range of lon is Return, ot + 31 — the hexes not used ying > the Mission hex [34.12] Certain aircraft have more shan one listed Range, usually as a result of an increased fuel Capacity or bombload, Players are free to choote ‘whichever range load they wish [34.13] Tactical Air Combat(Tacdie) ‘This isthe sreraft’s combat rating vis avis other ase on the qumber and type of arm- tent carried by the plane. A onit with a pa thesized Tac Rating 3) may not initiate aito- aircombat [34.14] Bombioad Capacity ‘Thisisthe number of Bom Poin called tonnage (but not actualy in tons), that a Pane can cary. It & Plane can cary torpedoes tha fact islisted aoa ‘win the hombload capacity. [34.15] Transport Capacity “This i the capacity of the plane, given in TCE Strength Points (infantry) and/or fons of supplies (Gee Case 54.5 for tonnage equivalents). [34.16] Maneuver “This i somewhat abstract rating that simulates theability of plane o fy faster, higher nd with greater agility han ther planes. Maneuver ratings {re always considered in relation o other plans Maneuver ratings are used vo modify Basle TacAir Differentials (04.17) Fuel Consumption “This is the sumber of Fuel Points a plane requires to perform any mission or emergency Might Cee ‘Cate 173), AllFuel Points ae consumed during mmission, regardless ofthe type or distance ofthe [34.18] Mission Capability “These are the types of missions tht the plane can undertake, Planes may only undertake misions for which they have capability. For a more eam plete description, consult the Setion on missions, 590, [4.19] All aircraft Ratings are Hsted on she tral Characteristics ‘Chart, 34.6, No aircraft Counter contains any numbers players Keep trick (ofall ratings on their various sheets. [=] [+] [=] Tt (34.2) FIGHTERS, {421 Fighters, a6 a cass of plane, inetd Fehrs (F) aswell a fighter-bomibees FB) Flamter-bombers may fly either as a figher or bomber, but not both tthe same dime, Thos @ faner bomber on» bombing msion may not Teak of to ite ara coma, although. $a defend against such normal {3423} Fighers and fgher-boribers usualy fy {Combat air Patol (CAP) sons Support tnd protection for Somes ora ground fac Cerin fighters aay ako safe Enemy Arts Tuciies. Se the indvdualmisions for cell [3423] Every fatter end fighterbomber is oven plo (ee Case 4). Pt aes he Plane 'sai-f0-ar combat capably {34.2 Certain feher/iger-bombers may fy {feomassanee missions. Fighters and Mghter- bombers fying recon ay ot iat alro-ir nd may abo ¥\(= an [3421] Bombers, as a class of plane, includes bowers dive bombers and fighter-bombers [24.32] Most Bombing Missions are concerned ‘vith droppisg bombs (air bombardment) on {rset in order to destroy, reduoe or oir wis in Capucitte them. Diferent bombers have varied “apabilties ds egardsthis. [24.39] Bombers, in and of thomsetes, are usual- Iy considered as one or sometimes more of the Following: Bombers, Night Bombers (NB), Dive ‘Bombers (DB), Torpedo Bombers (TB) [34.4] Divetbombers are the same_as regular bombers, with one ciference: shey ean perform fo Missions at once. Dive-bombers may both ‘bomb and strafeshe same ree [34.35] Bombers may never initiate air-to-air combat; they may only defend if attacked However, bombers may increase their Tacit Retings if they flyin large Formations (see Case 45.30. [34.361 Certain bombers are capable of transpor- {ing (71) persoanel supplies. [34.4] FLYING-BOATS (SEAPLANES) Several planes in the game ate flying boats, or Seaplane (FI). These sivraft have al the nor- nal range of capabilites that other planes have, with one exception: ey may not be based in, take (ft from, of land in aleilds or air landing strips. hey mst use flying boat basins or fying boat iting eas [34.5] TRANSPORTS [3481] Both sides are elven planes of minimal ‘Sombat vale that are weed FOE ansporing (71) peteonnel and/or supplies[3452] Transports are given a Transport Capac ty, expresed im TOE strength points of Supply "obs they can cary. Thus, a J0S2 ean carry up 9 2 tons (or 20 Poits) of Fuel or TOE point of infantry. Transports can never anspor vehicles marae ais a any pe res motreee [32.83] Transports may never initiate ator combat. They reeve no benefit from formation fying, as do bombers. Transports are relatively hapless the air and must have heavy CAP to sce hei aria [34.6] AIRCRAFT CHARACTERISTICS CHARTS (ee Charts and Table) [34.7] AIRCRAFT COUNTERS [B4.71) The airerat counters do not represent in- dividual planes inthe game; they ate used to note the location of planes and faciitateaieto-air com bat [34.72] Planes on the ground are not represented by the Squadron Ground Support Unit counter (Gee Secion 38.0, The actual types and numbers ff plane in that squadron are kept on the Squadron “Composition Sheet. NO steraft counters areneeded. [34.73] When placing a squedron or squadrons (or part of a squadron) of planes in a tage! hex (he hex in which the mission wl occur the Player simply places oneaireaft counter foreach sass of planes (lighter, bomber, wansport) ia the target hex to denote that plants of tat class are in the hex. The counters ae letered 0 thatthe Payers can note which planes/squadrons are represented by what counters (34.74) If any planes are eliminated, the Player Simply refiects those losses by adjusting that total on his sheet, not by changing counters. The ‘counter representing the planes emainsin place [84.75] When resolving air-o-ai combat, Players ‘ay want 10 use ageraft counters 1 represen in dividual fighters, bombers, ee s0 that they may better visualize what is happening. Players mas therefore take any aireraft counters not on the ‘game-map and use them as they se fit in represen {ing the individual planes [34.8] AIRFORCE REINFORCEMENTS: ‘AND WITHDRAWLS. ‘The Players recive altforce reinforcements inthe {oom of individual pilots, individual planes and Squadron Ground Support Units (SGSU's). Low ‘ranked pilot arrive as needed while higher ranked pilots ative randomly. SGSU's arrive as needed. Airplane reinforcements follow a fixed schedule: Inaddition, the Commonwealth Player is equited {o remove various squadrons during the course of the game. [34.81] The Commonwealth Players alrforce Feinforcements may be placed in any ai faci in Malta, Cairo, Alexandria, or Offmap except Ethiopia. ‘The rein amongst the recieving ai facilities i any distribu tion the Commonwealth Player chooses except ae Follows: 'A/No more than 10% of « month's aieplane reinforcements may be sent to Mala [B/No airplane reinforcements may be sent 10a ‘Malta/W African Off-map ai Fact in excess of ‘the facility’ current squadron capacity. ‘The Auis Player's alrforce reinforcements may be “divided “amongst the bases in the TripollTunisia hore and laly/Sicly/Crete ashe chooses within the requltements concerning ba Ing German bombers in the Mediteranean (eee Case 43D, [84.82] SOSU’s arrive in the Naval Comvoy Ar- rival Phase of che Operations Stage. Axis SGSU's mmay arrive in any’ Tripol/Tunisia box. Com: monwealth SGSU's may arsive in any Alexan- Gria/Caieo hex, SGSU reinforcements may be brought in as the Players desire subject 10 the Following resections Both Players: An SGSU los through enemy ac- sion may not be replaced for one complete Game Turn. This Is in adddiion to any restrictions belo ‘Commonweatth Player: A/U.S. Army Airforce SOSU'S (he, those with “USAAF” historial (designations ‘and CPA's of 30) may not be brought i until August, 1942 (1/91 Game-Turn) B/The Commonwealth Player may never have ‘more SGSU's in play than the total numberof his planes at on-mopfaciles divided by twelve, plus two. Eg, if the Commonwealth Player ha 438 planes at on-map facilities he may have 39 GSU"s 438.4 12-3614 +2=39 (rounded wp), C/ The Commonwealth Player may, because ofa ‘counter shortage, find that he i somewhat short fof SOSU"s (ihete are enovsh commonwealth «ounters to hold approximately 1,200 planes) The ‘Commonwealth Player may create” additional SSGSU counters only If he has the maximo umber of planes possibly based at Com- ‘monwealth N. Africa Of map air facies (he, faleulate the number Trom the base's printed ‘aher than current capacity. In such a case, he ‘may create SGSU counters but iy sill ound by ‘SBM above. These cousters may not be US. OSU's, Axis Payer: ‘AY The Axis Player may never have more German SGSU's in pay than the total number of his Ge ‘man planes based at on-map faites divided by fen E.G, if the Axis player has 285 planes based ‘nemap he may have 29 German SGSU"s. 1B/ The rescietions on Taian SGSUs in ply are the same as those for German SGSU’s, C/ Captured Commonwealth planes may countas art of the on-map planes for the Axis nation 10 ‘whose SOSU they a assigned. D/ The Axis Player may run short of Italian and/or German SOSU counters. He may only create more SGSU's fora nation at leart 30% of ‘that nation’s total airforce s based a ff-map (N. ‘African and/or Meditteanean) air felis, This percentages f total planes, not by pes. {34.83} One-to Six-Rated Pilot reinforeements ae ‘ve during the Naval Convoy Arrival Phase ofthe First Op Stage ofeach month. The Players always poess as many 2erorated pilot as needed for ‘any situation (including emergene ih? ‘The Players determine the number and rating find i plots ‘makes a singe roll of| {wo dice (although separate rll or the German sand Tialian pilots). The Player adds the dice Together and eros indexes the result under all of the columns co determine the number of plots of that nationality ofeach rating that he receives for that month (note that Hauptmann Hans-Joachiet Marseille arrives automaticaly.) (34.84) Aipplane ceinforcements arrive in the Naval Convoy Avvval Phase. The reinforcements relisted as tothe otal ofeach typeof plan ars ing during that month (the beginning of the eam paign has arrivals during crtain speific exme {ums instead of months). The planes must be Aivided amongst the weeks as evenly possible And all of the planes ariving during a game-turn ‘may arive in the First Op Stage ofthat game-turn at the owning Player's choice (i... the Players ‘ed pny divide the total by four, no twelve). The individual plans arriving ar determined feel by the owning Player. E.g., in January of 1941 the ‘Commonwealth Player receives 4 total of 59 planes (48 Hursicanes, 12 Blentcims, 2 We ingtons and 1 Maryland). The: Commonwealth layer could have IS Huricanes arrive the first fameturn; 10 Hurticanes, 2. Blenheims, the ‘Maryland and both Wellingins ative the socond famecturn; 15 Hurricanes arrive the third eame= turn and 10 Blenheims and 4 Hurricanes arrive the Fourth same-turn [64.85] The Commonwealth Player i required to withdraw certain squadrons during the couse of| ‘he game. The dates, squadron types and plane re- quirements are Isied in. the ‘Commonweal ‘Airplane Reinforcement and Squadron Schedule (Case 34.86). Squadron withdrawls are performed at the bevinaing of the month in- dicated. Squadrons may be withdrawn from any air facility on Malia or game map section “E" ‘The Commonwealth Player simply removes from play al of the planes ond pilots assigned to that squadron. 'SOSU's are not removed unless they now exceed the mit determined in Case 34.82, Airplane Reinforcement ion Withdrawal Schedule (eee Charts and Tables) [84.87] Axis Airplane RelaforeementSehedle {eee Chars and Tables) [34.88] Commonwealth Pilot Arrival T (Goe Charts and Tables) [34.89] Auls Pilot Arrival Tables, ‘ee Charts and Tables) [35.0] SQUADRON GROUND SUPPORT UNITS COMMENTARY: Allplans are atached to specific squadron, nd ‘each squadron is represented by a Squadron Ground Support Unit (SGSU), which is the base for that squadron. Each squadron has its own Squadron Composition Sheet, andthe planes and pilots. fable 10 that squadron are listed on i, ‘squadron i the base unit forthe Ai finds its counterpart inthe German Inalian “"Squadrglia,” Actually, the Squadron was nexttorlowest in alr lerarchy (above the Fight; squadrons were part of wings, which were, in turm, part of groups (and their Axis counter- parts). However, most ofthis was for purely a ministrative puspores, Therefore, the. only ‘organizational evel CWA covers isthe Squadron, swell as supplies ~ attached and aval= ‘The GENERAL RULE: ‘Squadrons ~ specifically the SGSU’s — ae used {fo maintain and supply the airratt assigned 10 them. Each SGSU may contain only one elas of airplane, and itis limited as to the mumber of planes it may handle effectively. ‘The SGSU ‘counters are considered vehicles (medlum tucks) land have their own Capability Point Allowance Drinted on the counter. They have no combat wales, (35.1) SGSU CHARACTERISTICS [38.19] An SOSU counter acts as base forall planes assigned to that squadron. Each SOSU Counter is placed on the gamesmap to indicate ‘where that squadron i located. They ae usually placed at ait feilites. SGSU counters do notin lide the aiplaner attached tothe squadron;SGSU's ate the mechanics, tucks, equipment, ens that are part of that squadron, They are not [35.12] SOSU's have their Capability Point ‘Allowance printed on the counter; they are ‘ehicles, SCSU's move in the Truck Convoy Phase. They have no Stacking Point Valve and sack rely with other units. (Their capably to handle the planes in their squadron i ited by the Capacity Level ofthe ai facil they are based ft) SGSU’s have no combat strength of any type if’an Enemy combat unit moves adjacent 0 at SSGSU that has no Friendly combat unit stacked tvthit that SOSU may eeact posible. 1 itean- notresc,itiseliminated 135.13] SGSU's arrive acording o the orders of the player (See Case 34.8). Each SGSU has a unit Sesignation (@quadron ID umber). These hhumbers ave historical, but they are not used historical. If an SOSU counter is eliminated, it tray be returned to ply, as per 34.8, one Game- Turn ater [35.14] SGSUs require a ce:ain amount of sup plies themselves to function. Each SGSU must eX pend one Stores Point per Game-Turn. In addi tion, each SGSU requires one Fuel Point and one ‘Water Point per Operations Stage, SGSUs without the required supplies (or themselves) may not repalr thet planes. (Maintaining the planes wil, of ‘course, require additional supplies of Fuel and ‘Ammunition. [5.181 Truck unite may be attached to an SGSU fsFirgt Line Transport. They are used to carry the ‘Supplies that the SGSU needs to Keep its planes it land readied [25:16] SGSUs may be used to construct air lan. ing facies of flying Boat alighing areas (see a0 987) [35.17] SGSUs are necessary to refuel and refit airplanes; only SGSUs can perform such tasks. AAioraft may refuel at any SGSU: their own Squadron or another squadron base. However, reflting must be performed at thet assigned Suadron bare SGSU for maximum efficiency. ‘plane attempts to refit at an SOSU other than is ‘signed squadron, the Player adds one to his ‘ierll for refit. In addition, Players should Femember that planes may not be refueled o efit {ed beyond the capacity ofthe air facility (se Case 36.12, 36.2, 36.3 and 36.4), {35:18) The United States Army Air Force (USAF ‘onthe counters) SGSU"s may not be used prior to Aug. 1, 1902 [35.2] SQUADRON COMPOSITION th Squadron must contain the same afc, bomber, Fighter o transport (econ planes may be asigned anywhere). Fighter tomers may go into either. Furthermore its recommended (but nota rule) that only one typeof plane (et, Hurtiane IIC of Ju8%D, ete) de fssgned fo a squadron, The late is For ease in handling and supervision. ‘The composition of each squadron is noted on the squadron's Com Position Shee. [25.22] Planes may not change squadron asi ‘ments, withtwo exceptions: ‘4, The squadron's SGSU has been eliminated. In ich case the sifcaft are Tree to transfer any ‘other squadron o they may be placed in reserve ', A squadron falls below 50% ready Capacity. Pianes may then be transferred. from other ‘squadrons to bring that squadron back to a more (han OMe capacity. Planes reassigned to a new squadron ate given @ transfer mission (to ly to thelr new base) unless {thenew SGSU Is inthesame hex as the plane. [35.23] The mutnber of planes that may be assign fd toa squadron is limited and dependent on the hationality of thesquadron, Fach squadon’slimit ie the maximum number of ready plancs it can fhandley a aquadcon can always keep 14 more in serve (whsther reads or not). Thus, a squadron ‘vith a capacity of 12 may contain 16 planes: 12 ready eo fly, and 4 (4 of 12) in reserve (and in Capable of performing # mision). The eapaciis reas follows Ready Reserve Nationality Capacity Capacity Italian Squadsiglia 93 (12 total) German Staffel 12 406 tora) ‘Commonwealth Squadron (1940-June "41) 15 Soro. ‘Commonwealth Squadron (uly 41-43) 18 6 @24rotal layers will note that starting with July 191 Com ‘monwealth Squadrons increase thir capacity. (95.24 Pilots (See Case 40.1) for fighter and fighter bombers ae assigned to squadrons, not‘ specific planes, A evord of pile ina squadron Kept on the Squadron Composition Sheet, and pilot are given speci planes when they fly mis- [95.25] Assignment and transfer of planes, where flying fs unneceseary, is done in the Organization Phase, Otherwise, assignment and transfer are done in the Mission Deployment Segment (35 a Transfer sion). [35.26] As noted, each squadron may keep a ce tain numberof planes in reserve. These planes may be readied and armed” (or not, asthe Player sees fi), but they cannot fly if the ready capacity of thai squadron is lying. Reserves are wed (060) plement aircraft that wore not readies. Reseves may not scramable, They amy use emergency Might (see Case 37.3, [35.27] If an SGSU is eliminated (Ge Case 35.12) fandthereare planes onthe ground withthe SSL, the planes are captored. They may be used by the ‘opposing Player one Game-Turn ater) ¢t ‘destroyed ashe ees fit (25.28) Taian and German planes may not coes- Sst in the some squadron. They Fequite separace maintenance. However, Wallan squadrons may ‘Consist entirely of German planes (but oF vce ve 53) [35.29] A. historical note: Although the Com mmonwealta and. Ualian -SGSU's ate Ia istingushable a to type of aircraft handled (at least on the face of the counter), the German 'SOSU's are not, Each SGSU represents specie ‘ype of plane, The Players need not follow this representation, as the SGSU's do not represent Striet squadron OB, However, for those so incl 4, JO Squadrons are Fighters, SG. Squadrons fre for Dive Bombers, KG for Bombers, 2G for Fighier-Bombers, and H and F Squadrons for Recon. (All of course, witha few exceptions) [36.0] AIR FACILITIES (GENERAL RULE: Air facilities include aiufiels, air landing strips, flying boat basins and lying Boat alighting aes. “These facilities are differentiated by the type aad numberof planes they can hen in terms of ight ‘and maintenance. Ait faites ere constructed {Ge Case 2417) and counters are provided for that purpose for each type of ai facili. Some sir Teles exist atthe start ofeach Soars thise noted Inthe instructions for that Scenario. Ait facilities may be damaged and/or destroyed by Enemy bombarcment. The number of SOSU'S and alrplaines which cam use an ait facility i ‘dependent upon its current capacity level, Thus takeoff, covery, and CASES: (36.1) AIRFIELDS (96.1) Aisiclds are _flly.equipped and engineered ai facies, with repair shops, Tul ‘maintenance fallies and runway capacity for a large number of squadrons. Airield construction iseoveredin Case 24.7, Each airfields noted by an airfield counter in he ex in which the aitield has been contracted, [36.12] Each Aireld has a capacity level of sie (@naximuum), This means tat it may handlea max timum cof sb squadrons (eesrdiss of squadron size) at any one time, There may never be more than si SGSU's ina given airfield hex, However, see Case 36.5 [3613] 1f an airfield is tnding six squadrons planes in ¢ siven Operations Stage, it may not feceive any more aiples, even a an emergency Such exces planes must seek other field o trips ft which to land, Likewise, no. more than sik Squadron's worth of planes may be teadied at a ven airfield (oee Aiteraft Maintenance Section 380) (36.1) The capacity ofan aed (is levels) may be reduced by enemy bombardment (air or tlle), Players should keep track of the capacity level ofan airfield. Thus, f bombing has reduced the capacity ofan airtel from six tothe, that Airfield may handle ony three squadrons ta time, tinotitsbuse ac up co si. Note tat sepals Df the capacity of an airfield, each airfield may sill have six SGSU's with it even though some may not be able to function because of a reduced Capacity level, If an afield is reduced to 2er0 Capacity, it Is considered destroyed for all pur- poses [36.15] Airfields may also be damaged by desert ‘alders, However, normal and units never damage eed (except by barrage; see Cases 36.14 and 12.5. Land combat units may capture or destroy (otitey)anairfield by occupyingtts hex. Aleields fe in esence,non-denominational; they may be tee by anyone [26.16] Payers should Keepin ind that, while it fa the valfeld that has the capacity for maintenance, iis the SGSU that actually performs ‘that maintenance Gee Case 38.17). [36.17) An airfield isa supply dump for supplies to be used by the SGSU's on that airfield. Fue, fsmamunition, stores, ele. may be stored at an ai. Field a if were a damp, Land units may nor use alifieldcupply dumps unles itis an emergency ‘Exactly what constitutes an emergency islet (0 the Player) Any SGSU at an aiticld may make tse of the supplies there 0 mlnain and ready is planes. [96.1] Airfields have an intrinsic antisineraft roneth Point of one (in adition 10 any other aircraft units present). The Strength Point may only be used agsine planes on strafing fnd/or dive-bombing combat missions. “a 4 (36.2) AIR LANDING STRIPS Ar ending strips are simply locations cleared and feveled for take-otte and landings, with only tminimal maintenance facilities. They aresing strip counters, and they treated exactly as airfields except that each sit landing strip has a maximom squadron capacity of ‘ne. If that capacity level is destroyed, the strip x eliminated and removed from the eame-map (ce 9 24.7 for construction det, and Case 36.1 for capacity detail), [36.3] FLYING BOAT BASINS Flying boat basins are “airfields” for flying boat seaplans. All Tsing boats must use a flying boat basin (or alighting area) Tor landing and ‘maintenance, They may n0t use ates oF lan- ing trips, Basins have thesame features asa air- Field, with the exception that their Capacity Is ‘ree Squadrons. Construction details ate in Case 24,7. Players shoul note tha they ean bring sup plies o a flying Boat basin simply by bringing trucks into the he; they need no other taaspot. Flying boat basins ace placed in any coastal hen. ‘AS with atfields fying boat basins have one in trinsic Strength Point of ant\-air (ee Care 36.18) Flying boat basins may not be used for normal air rat & val (36.4) FLYING BOAT - ALIGHTING AREAS lighting reas are the same fying boat basins, except that they have a capacity of one Squadron and they are immune to aillery barrage, They are Sul susceptible to Air Bombardment (eee Casee 24,7 and 4.36), [36.5] OFF-MAP AIR FACILITIES There are several off-map nie facilities: e.., the Tunisia boxes, che Commonwealth facilities such as Deversoi, on map B, et estera, These are ‘teated the same a4 other, on-map facilities with tee exceptions: 8) There are unlimited supplies for airplane ‘maintenance and repair 1b) They may excced the SGSU limit up to the limit sted on te eld; 3) They may never be destroyed by bombing (although they may be reduced to zero), and may be rebuilt using the Malta AirFaciity Consiruc: ton Table (one rll gives toxal Ives forall CW facilites each gamesturn, "Axis Mediterranean bases are also different in ‘one other way: they may n0t be bombed. [37.0] FLIGHT GENERAL RULE: simply assigned toy to hex. The path of ight in ‘exes may not exceed the lane's range. When the planeisto be moved, itis simply placed nits target hex, noting the pach of flight (hexes it Mie ‘hrough) for purposes. of CAP. interception. Planes must be refueled to fy, and all planes ex ep those flying transfer missions must be refitted Tory again (after they have flown any other mi sion) Plight i never affected by the presence of broundunis, with the exception of fla fire. CASES: (37.1) THE MECHANICS OF FLIGHT [37.11] All planes havea range (se Case 34.10), ‘This determines Row fara plane may flyin any one ection (ules the plane i flying transfer mi sion, in whieh case itmay double ts range forthe ‘onecvay igh) [97.12] To move a plane, the Player notes the location of the target hox for that mission and counts the distance in hexos, using any path he Wishes, rom the base/ai Tacit to the target hex. ‘he numberof hexes falswithin the range ofthe plane, the plane may be flown to that her (sce Cases 37-4 and 56.18), [37.13] Having determined the path of fight, the layer takes an steraft counter to represent cach lass of plane tat i assigned toa mission in that Fhex and places that counter (or counters in the target hex. The Player will have » record of what missions each squadron is undertaking. Flight ‘akes place in the Mission Deployment Segiment of the Land Support Air Phase, orn the Malta and Convoy Bombing Segments of the Sirategc Air Stage [37.14] Theresa form of flight called seramble, ‘wherein planes on the ground may take off t0 counterattack s nearby at threat (see Case 40.3), [37.15] No lane may fy unlesic hasbeen fueled. Furthermore, other than units ying transfer mis sons no plane may ly unless i has been reited (see Case 37.32), [37.16] Ifa plane that has been fueled flies any Aisiance it uses ail its Fuel and must be refueled to flyagain. [37.17] Planes may be flown without Ammuni- tion although tis could bea dangerous practice [37.2] RESTRICTIONS ON FLIGHT [31.21] Planes may neverexcood their ange inany ‘one direction, unless they are Tying transfer mis- sions. Planes flying wansfer may double thelr range forthe one-way transfer ‘rp. [97.23] No plane may fly into or out of a sand Stormor raistorm he, [3.23] Planes must return to their base of origin; te, where the Flight started from. If, for some Feason, that air Facity ad been so rehied that it annot hold the returning planes then — and only then — may planes attempt to land elsewhere, If such a plane cannot lend at any ar Fait must rash land as close to an ait felity asi cam get, ‘The Player then toll one de. Ihe rolls 1,2, 003 the plane ~ and pilot — survive the lands. The plane and the pilot are recovered urine the next ‘OpSiage, and both may be ready to fy (pending refitting, etc) jn the following OpStage. Ifthe plane doesnot survive (a roll af 48, oF 6, oll the Sie again. Ifthe Player rolls aI or 2 the second time, the pilot survives the crash and escapes Serious injury and may return to play one Game. ‘Turn following hiscrash (37.24) No planes may fly in excess of the ait facility's capability evel, Moreover, no planct ‘may fy in excess of an SGSU's ready capacity ee Case 38.28). Thus, if there ae five SGSU's on an airfield, but the capacity level ofthat ail har been reduced to to, only two of those SOSU"s may refit and ready’ tele planes (hus enabling them to fy). The other thee squadrons ace forced to remain Inactive because of the reduced eld capacity. Likewise, an Ttallan squadeon (forex Ample) could send no more than mine planes on Imision, regardless of how many planes thas ready (as reserves) [37.3] EMERGENCY FLIGHT {37.30 Ian Enemy and combat unit move adja ent to a Friendly air facility that has readied planes on the ground, and those planes are in danger of being destroyed or captured by that [Enemy unity the readied planes may attempt an emergency flight escape such danger. Emergen- ‘y Might isa transfer mission 137.32] Only fueled planes — includ may make an emergency flight. (37.33) The Player assigns pilots and then rolls ‘once for each plane atzempling to escape. Using One die, ithe planeta fighter or fighter bombet and hefollsa 1, 2, © 3, ori the pane isa bomber, econ, or transport and the Player rolls 2 1 of 2 "hen the plane escapes. On any other die roll, the plane must remain onthe eround, (37.34) Emergency Mah follows all normal rules ‘of Might, excep that i oscute out of sequence Planes performing emergency flight may be flown ‘upto doubletheir range [37.35] The Player must exercise this option im- ‘mediately. If an Enemy unit moves adjacent and the Friendly Player does noe roll for emergency fight prior to the movement of another Enemy ‘nial planes are tuck onthe ground, (37.4) DISTANCECHARTS (see Charts and Tables) The Air Distance Table is provided as @ handy reference to deteemiing distances in hexss bet ‘ween major points, Considering the sizeof the ‘same-map, counting hexes can hea chore. [38.0] AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE GENERAL RULE: In order to fy, planes must by ready. A readied planes one shat i elted and fueled (being arm- ‘dis optional, plane survival). SGSU"s have the capabi ding (i. performing maintenance on) planes. ‘Arcrafe maintenance is ited to each ar fcity"= ‘current squadron capacity. Planes may berefveled and reatmed by an SGSU. without penay, although retting is performed with maximum ef. Ficency by the squadron's own SGSU. CASES: [38.1] READYING AIRCRAFT ‘An airplane that is readied is one capable of per- forming @ mission. Readying airraf Is perform ‘ng maintenance so thatthe planes may be capable ‘of fight and combat. There are three efferent types ‘of maintenance. The different types of 1. Fuel. A plane mast have fut to fly; no plane ‘hay fly without being refueled upto itseapacty Refit. Refting is repairing wear and tear From the previous mision, Desert fying proved ex- tremely tough on planes, and keeping them fying was even toxgher Arming. In order to engage in air-to-air a plane must have ammunition. Im order to engage in bombing missions, bomber must have bombs, (38.2] REFUELING AIRCRAFT [38.21] Planes mast have fuel 1o fly. The amount Df fel needed (o refuel pane i ts Fuel Con- Sumption Rating, listed on the Aircraft Characteristics Chart. That isthe number of Fel Points required o enable one plane ofthat type to fly any one mission. (98.22) Planes SSGSUs. The SGSU dos the actual refueling; the fleld or ar strip simply limits the number of SOSU's that may operate there [38.23] An SGSU may refuel planes from any squadron. However, it may never refuel more planes than the mavimim capacity of that SOSU(readied plus reserve. Therefore, an talian SCSU fan handle refueling chores for a total of 12 panes, regardless of squadron assignment, In a [Bien Operations Stage or 12 planes in a given Strategie Maintenance Phase [38.24] To refuel a plane the necessary Fuel must be in the hex containing the air faclity which usually ats asa supply dump for is planes), The fuel subtracted from the total supply i the air {ail and the plane fs marked as refueled on the Squadron Composition Sheet. This is done for fench plane thats Player wishes to refuel, Refvel- ing takes place inthe Tactical Maintenance See- tment or the Siratepic Maintenance Phase, depen ‘ing on the class of mission assigned, [8.25] Planes do not have to be reueled (i the Player doesnot wish couse te), nor do refueled planes have to fly. Planes reserve ora squadron Inay be refueled. Planes may sit refused without Flying forthe emire game; Fuel never gts tl [38.26] Players wil note that certain igeraf have the capability of adding to their range by carrying extra fuel (or, to be exact, extra fuel tanks). This ‘Secreases thelr maneuverability but adds realy to their ance. Sueh tangs may be jetisoned if the planes become involved in ietorair combat, in Drder to increate their maneuverabiity. Tn such fase the Maneuver Rating revers 1 is highest (oormal) value, but the range of the plane also overt to its lower range. This could cause pro- ‘lems in torms of geting back to base [38.3] REFITTING AIRCRAFT Refitting aircraft is repairing and maintaining ‘hem s0 that hey ean fy another mission, In order to fly any mision other than a transfer, a plane ‘mus berefited 138.311 At the start of @ Scena, all planes are ‘considered reited, unless otherwise indicated. AS soon at a plane fies any mission other than transfer, it must be refitted again. A plane that hot sefited may fly no mission other than transfer, eventTitisrefueled, [38.32] Refiting takes place in the Tactical Maintenance Sepment, for panes assigned tactical tmisions and in the Strategic Maintenance Phase, for planes assigned sirategic missions. [3833] Planes ate refit at ai facilities by their 'SGSUS. Iris the capaciy of the SOSU that counts; the air faiiy only Kimi che number of SGSUs Allowed. Each SOSU can fefit up roche maximum planes the SGSU can contain” (Ready plus Rewive). An SGSU can Refit planes (rom other Squadrons: however, when doing s0, the Player ‘must add one to his erie dezoll if ue plane being feflted ie not assigned to the SGSU doing the ‘work ca TRAE 2% (08.34) Refiting is nota guaranteed process, ke fefucling, Players must roll for each squadron Undergoing ret 1 planes not Belonging to that squadron uaderga 2 Fett attempt, they are coed for separately [vom the ret of the squadron. The Player simply determines the eurber of irra in the squadron undergoing refit and throws one die, ‘making any adjustments (ce Case 38.35) and con- Sulling the Atveraft Refit Table (8.38). The table giveshim the percentage planes succesfule Iy efits (Round il fractions up.) {34.35} When rolling for efit, the Player adds one to his die gol i the planes do not belong to the squadron attempting the ref TF the planes a tempting refi are lian, the Player (be he Axis or ‘Commmonweatta) adds fio 10 the dierol. Ifthe planes ae German, add one tothe divol. The af- fects maybe cumulative. (38.36) For every squadron undergoing an tempted refit whether successful or not — the Payer must have present and actually expend one Stores Point, A Payer ie not requlted to try oretit any plane; the ehole fo eft orntisup ohm. (38.37) Twenty percent (rounded up) of ll re- fied planes n'a hex on the ground in which there [sa sandstorm must be efited again before they ca be flow Players shoul dst ibute this eet asequallyas possible (38.38) Alrerafe Rett Table (ee Chars and Tables) {98.391 Players wishing to use a more painstaking if Glighty) more accurate, method of refiing planes may rll foreach plane individually. The Player, in this case, rolls (wo dice. The Com- Imonwcalth Player rafts a plane on a roll of 2 through the Axis Player seit German panes on ‘rol of 27, the Ialan planes on 2-6. The effets fof Case- 38.38 are Increased to adding svo tothe Aicerall to account for the wrong" squadron. (The was, with some minor variations the method ‘used by the Playtesters, [can't truthfully say they lovedit... (38.4) ARMING AIRCRAFT [38.41] Aircraft are armed to provide them witt ‘ammunition for combat and bombing. Arming is fot necessary for Might; it i necessary t0 fly ¢ ‘bombing mission —and for safety [38.42] Planes are rearmed by SGSU's with the ame limite and restrictions as applied to refueling ‘Ammunition comes from the al fact (Supply dump) [38.49] Each squadron requires one Ammunition Point to allow its planes 10 use their TacAL Rating If that point i aot supplied, each plane has a TacAit Rating of zero and may not fire al any Bnemy planes (ee Case 46.21), [38.44] For bomb tonnage, one Ammunition Point is required Tor all bombs loaded onto 2 plane. Thus a bomber witha tonnage capacity of 1S would need and expend only one Ammunition Point to cary ts maximum bomb lead (see Case 4122, [38.45] A plane's ombload, whether sed or not feexpended during a mission including Emergency Fight, 1 was dangerous to land with bombs, soit ‘mised eer an abor they were often dropped Ia the sea or ino the dese) (38.46) The srmament status of plane may be ‘noted onthe Squadron Composition Sheet [8.47] The cost in Ammo Points 10 load « ‘bomber with ines (see Case 41.39) or torpedoes (G2eCase 41 is one Point [39.0] MISSIONS (GENERAL RULE: No plane may fly without being given a specific iission. A mission is one oF two word deserip- ‘Hon of the undertaking, the reason the plane sf) {ng and what iis supposed to do, Generally, n0 plane may perform more than one mision at ary ‘onetime, There are alarge variety of missions, and they areal dependent on the clas of plane and the target, The various missions and tele desriptions tre covered in a Series of Cases following 39.1, Which is peneral in nature. Missions may be "bored, or discontinued before completion. Note: Often players may not know precisely what isin a hex, but will have to assign missions “indy,” and ony Find out what target are pre= sent when the planes arive. PROCEDURE: Most missions involve different planes going ater sfferent typos of targets. However, virtually all rissions (except transfer follow the same patter, ‘The sequence below should be followed forall Iisions, with exceptions taken as specifically noted inamission detripion, 4, All Planes are placed in their mission target, hex. 'b, Resolveallinterception and seramble. ©. Any airto-ir combat between fighters is fesolve. {4 Fighters on CAP that sutvve ait-to-air may, lunder certain cfcumstances, attack Enemy non: Fighter planes, Any planes remaining in hex after air-to-air ‘undergo flak fre If there are Enemy AA/Flak “unite in that he, Bach mission is run in any order the Player vvshes, the opposing Player noting and taking any damageinrticed. fg. Allsurviving planes eturnto base CASES: [29.1] MISSIONSIN GENERAL [39.11] Unless a plane is attempting emergency flight (see Case 37.3), no plane may fy unless i has been assigned a specific mission, Nor may any planebe flow ian Enemy and combat unit isad> jacen sce 37.3) [39.121 Each Player may use any shorthand he ‘whe to'note wich mission 18 which. Each Squadron Composition Sheet has a section for Tinting the mission that specific plane is under- taking in given Operations Stage or Sategic Air Phase, The Player simply writes the mission next tothe plane, and that plane will atempt that mis 29.13] There are tWo major areas of missions: Strategie air missions and Tactical Land Suppor. “The former relerstoany Commonwealth Missions flown against Axis Naval Convoys as well as any [Axis Missions flown agains Malta. Both of these ‘Missloas ae lown only inthe Strategie Ait Phase ‘ofthe Sequence of Play; moreover, they are flown ‘only once per Game-Tura (39.14) Tactical land support missions are mis sions flown during an Operations Stage of the Game-Tura, affecting the movements and usage ‘of land (or naval units. Tactical land support mis ‘ont are numerous in type and they are flown a posible three times s Game-Tura (er once ah ‘Operations Stage) [39.15] Ther eno tmit tothe number of planes that may be asigned to given mission 0 given hex. There fra restriction to the type and class of plane that can undertake a piven mission, a3 20 plane may perform a mission for which it does not have the Capability. Plane Capabilies are sted fon the Aircraft Characteristics Chari (34.6) [39.16] Planes from different squadrons may be fssigned t0 the same mision (or even target), and ‘lanes from the same squadron may be assigned to {iffeent missions, However planes from the same Squadron may not be divided between strategic and land support missions {09.17| There notimit coche number of the type fof misions that may occur in (OF rather over) a ‘ven hex (imited, ofcourse, by what isinchat hexworth going afte) Players should keep the planes sssgned 1 each specific mission separate, so as 10 vox! confusion. [39.18] There are basically five “types” of mis- sions: fighter, bomber, transport recon and transfers, The later mission isthe only mission hat ‘ay be undertaken by any plane (se Case 2.1) {39.19} Generally, a plane may fly only one mis- sion per Operations Stage or Strategic Phase (with ‘he exception of certain fighters and dive bombers: ‘Case 39.2). A plane flying a mission in an Opera tons Stage ma’ not flyin the Stratene Phase of that Game-Turn and Ye vers, [39.2] COMBINED MISSIONS Planes can generally y only one mission pet fight, However, certain flgbter aircraft had the ability to carry small bombloads, dropping therm as they strafed a target. The Stukas, as dive bombers, also had this capability, although thet smament placement prohibited them from per- formingina fighter capacity. Thus, any plane with ‘capability notation of D¢“dual") may strate and ‘bomb the same target a8 a combined mission, [39.3] VOLUNTARILY ABORTED MISSIONS: {39.311 Anaborted misionis one that iscanceled before any action is taken to complete that mi son, No mision may’ be voluntarily aborted once Some action, be it bombing, stating, or even air- ‘oar combat, ha taken pace [39.32] To voluntarily abort a mision a Player ‘simply states that he wishes to abort; he then sends hisplanes back to base — if they qualify (eee Casst 39.36nd 39.39). [39.33] Aborted missions consume fuel, and bombers must expend their bombload,, even though they do not use. [39.34] A Player is not required to abort af his planes on a given mission. He may choose 0 con Tine with some and send some back, The choice, when available, is up to him, within the rete tons below. 139.35] Any fighter (any plane with a pilot in. ‘ling fighter-bombers) may voluntarily abort it its Maneuver Rating is no lower than 10 Points the highest maneuver rated Enemy Fighter on CAP in the Target hex, To determine this, subtract the “aborting” fighters Maneuver Rating from that of the Enemy CAP fighter. I the results ~ 10 01 Detter (—8, ~2, +3, etc) the plane may abort. Of course if there sno Enemy CAP, the fighters may always abort (exception: see Case 40.26 [39.36] Non-fightes flying with a suffice fighter Seren (Friendly fighters flying CAP for that hex; see Case 3.37) may abort if they wish there isnot sufficient fighter Sreen, they may not bor, unless the planes” Maneuver Rating. i higher than the best Bnemy Tighter (a highly unlikely occurance), [39.37] A sufficient fighter screen i defined asa umber of Friendly fighters (simply counting fumbers of planes, not ratings) equivalent 10 at Teast 25% ofthe numberof Enemy Fighters fying CCAP in that hes. Thus a bomber faid with 12 fighters as escort encountering 40 Enemy fighters ‘on CAP could be aborted; i there were 0 Enemy planes fying CAP, the bomber mision could not be aborted, Fighters acting as sucha screen may ‘not abort if they act asa screen. Fighters eannot sereen fight (39.38) Aircraft may also abort involuntarily: asa result of A/T fire (See Case 46.3 and $5.19, [39.4] NIGHT MISSION [G9.41) Night Missions are essentially a Phase ‘within the Land SupporAir Phase. All Night Scramble, air-to-air combat, antialreraft fireand land support bombing are conducted separately from other Land Support Misions [39.42] Only certain misions may be flown at Bight and ony planes with nigh misions capabili- fy say participate in any night missions actions (exceptions see Case 39.43). (39.43) Planes, with the exception of planes ied Offensive CAP oF Scramble missions, ‘may only perform a mission a night if specifically assigned 2 nght mission, In all ober situations a plane, even ft posesses night mission capability, {sconsidered tobe performing a regular Land Sup port Mission [39.44] Planes fying at night benefit from the seerease in the ability of enemy aierat to find tovair combat, and benefit fom a decrease in the celfeciveness of antvaireraft fire, Convery, hon-fighters may not benefit rom Formation Fly ing while performing a night mission [39.5 AIR MISSIONSUMMARY (Gee Charts and Tables) [40.0] FIGHTER COMBAT (GENERAL RULE: Fighters may fly a variety of missions. The most ‘common fighter mision is combat ait patrol (oF CAP), Fighters may ale fly strafing missions and flak. suppression missions. Fighters are. also ‘capable of sramble, a form of interception CAP. ‘A number of fighters are capable of carrying bombloads (especially fighter-bombers); these fighters are so noted ad they may participate in ‘bombing missions (sce Section 41.0). Bach Highter {eflown by a pilot, whose Pilot Rating wll affect ‘the plane's air-to-air combat ability. Fighters may bbe asigned to only one mission in an Operations Stage (three in one Game-Turn) or Strategic Ait ‘Sage (one in one entire Game-Turn; see Case 392). PROCEDURE: layers assign each hter/fighter-bomber oF squadron a mission in a specific Rex. Once the planes teach the target hex, the Player must assign each plane or squadron to a particular target of the type previously selected (e.g ighters ‘signed (0 offensive CAP would be assaned pat tular Enemy aircraft to atack only afer they were in thoir target hex; fighters assigned 10 a ‘trafing mission against "fst-line Trucks” would be assigned trucks atfached 10 a specific parent formation only after the planes had reached the Dex (and any air-to-air combat and flak fire had been resolve, (40.1) PILOTS [40.11) Pilots ate not represented by counters. Rather, pilots enter the game through the Rein- forcement Track as “numbers,” the number reer ring to the plot's Rating. Each Player notes the pilots he Is receiving and assigns them to his quadeons as they arrive, Consult the various Pilot ‘Arrival Tables tosechow this works, [40.12] Pilots are assigned to squadrons. They are sisignad toa parielar squadron — and become available for use by that squadron — inthe fist ‘Operations Stage ofthe turn of their Arriva. AS cach squadron usually contains only one type of plane, that i the type of plane the plat is rained tol, Thus a pilot assigned toa squadron of Hur- eanes is wained to fly Hurricanes [40.13] Piloss may be reassigned 10 aifferent Squadronsat anytime. A plots reassigned simply by suitching hi from one Squadron's Compo ‘on List to another. pilot that sheng asian fay ot yin the Operations Sage (or tegic Air Phase) of his reassignment. {win Ire plr temic ton odo ha fontaine planes ofa different type tan for which he was rained, the pilot must be trained 10 fly those new planes. 1 requires one Tull Game-Turh Aorthree Operations Stages 10 traina plot. Thus pilor switching from 2 squadron of Hurricanes to @ squadron of Beaufighters may aot fly for three ‘Operations Stages. [40.15] The Piloc Rating is his capability. Plot Raing’s ae cither 12.34, oF 6. (The 6 pilot) represents the. infamous Hans-loachim ‘Mar- Sells, the German Desert Ace). The Pilot Ratings are added co the plane's TacAir Rating when that Planeisinvotved in any air-to-air combat. Thusan ME BILOOF wih Marsslles would have a TacAir Rating of [40.16] As Pilots ate assigned 10 squadtons, the Player may have them fly any plane within that Squadron (emember Case 40-14). Any plane that Aes 0: havea pilot assigned fora mission con. Sidered to have a zono-rated pill. There i an Unlimited supply of ero-ated ples, [90.17] If fiers shot down, theresa chance thatthe pilot bailed oat and eam be recovered (See 45.65) 1f the pilot has been recovered, he may fly “agin thee Operations Stages after his Recovers Hei returned to his squadron of assignment [40.18] There is an Opdional Rule available for Players whe ae altemptng a full eampaign game find wish to reat thei own Aces. In such allie stat the eame with zero Rain ho ned to bring in Reinforcement Pilots (inore §ny Reinforcement Pilot). However foreach five “ills pilor gets, he increases hs Rating by one. bills any Enemy plane desroyed in ator Combat Thre fo iit how high a rating a pilot ‘may gel. Tas should not be used for the shorter Seenaries, [40.2] COMBAT AIR PATROL (CAP) [s0.21) Any plane that has F (fighter capi (Gee the individu capabiiies on the Alreraft Characteristics Charts) may fly Combat Air Patrol. Usually, fighters fly CAP. To denote th fighter i ing a CAP mission, write CAP and the target hex in his mission “column on the Squadron Composition Sheet. He should also denote whether this is offensive CAP (CAP-O) oF defensive CAP (CAP-D). [40.22] Offensive CAP conccens flying to hex With the intention fo shoot down Enemy planes Defensive CAP i undertaken by Tahters wishing to protect Friendly bombers or transport (ying as fscor/Seren for them) of (0 protect an installa tion or facility, The distinctions ean sometimes becomea bic breed. [40.23] 1f thee oF more fighters are asigned 10 ‘offensive CAP ina given hex, the fighters possess the equivalent of en air Zane of Control (ihe te lying CAP over the hex they ae in a well a Allsix heses surrounding tha hex). They may thus ‘engage any Enemy planes that enter any one of ‘hoee sven heres, [40.24) Fighters (or any plane with F capability) ‘may fly CAP over any hex onthe game-map thats Within range. However, no plane based in Africa (on the game:map) may ly CAP of any ype for oF against" Axis Naval Convoys. Commonwealth planes based on Malla” may fly CAP.10 against Axig Naval Convoys only. Axis planes bas ‘edn aly, Sicily and Crete may fly CAP for Axis ‘convoys. Remember, a plane flying CAP may not Fy any ouher mission in that Stage [40.25] Example of CAP Missions ‘The Axis Player wishes bomb Tobruk, Hesends wo squadrons of 1088's to accomplish this, He also sends 10 the same target hex (Tobruk) as escor/sereen two squadrons of ME B109E's and ‘squadron of Hallan CR. 42's. (They could have ome from any alt facity within range.) The Commonwealth Player has placed on defensive CCAP above Tobruk wo squadrons of Hurricanes ‘The Commonweslth Hurricanes and. Axis ME’s sand CR 42's engage inalrto-ir to see whether the bombers can get through to complete thei mis [40.26] Using the example in Case 40.25 we ean ‘est slustrate the ferences between offensive and defensive CAP. If the Commonwealth planes ‘were fying defensive CAP they woul, fist off, have no aie Zone of Control (40.23). They would also not automatically initiate alr-to-ar combat, However, the Axis Squadrons would have 10 ei through the defensive CAP to perform their Mis- ‘sion Ifthe Hurricanes were flying offensive CAP, they would have an air Zone of Control and they could initiate combat against the Axi planes ‘There is one additional ~ and important — ait ference. If fighters are flying offensive CAP, they Would have fo attack any Enemy planes entering ‘heir hex or any hex inthele Zone of Control (0 perform a mission in that hex; they could not flecide 10 not have combat. Exception: only Enemy planes in one such hex must be attacked, Defensive CAP planes may decline combat and abort; offensive CAP planes may no. [40.27] Fighters flying Offensive CAP may in ‘ercept Enemy placa whose pats of flight eater thetexthey arein or their air Z0C. Afterallplene counters have ben placed to indicate their mission farget hex, but before revealing the numbers of planes involved, a Player with fighters on offen: Sive CAP may ak to see path of Might. If that, path coincides with his flahters, the Player with the offensive CAP may choose to intercept the Enemy mission right there fs0, air-to-air combat will take place, and any surviving planes may con tinue their mission. Fighters on offensive CAP ‘may intercept only one mission per Operations Stage. [40.3] SCRAMBLE ‘There may bea time when a Player wishes ta ether conserve fuel or, perhaps, retain some Mlexibilty ‘withhis ighter force, Seramble gives him the ail ty todo tat, Planes assigned to serambe missions Are plapes thet stay onthe ground unl Enemy aire raft come within range, They may then, under ‘certain circumstances, take-off and engage the Enemy in sr-o-ar combat, [40.31] Only planes with scramble capability may be assigned a scramble mision. Planes assigned 2 scramble mission are noted with an SC inthe Mie- slon column, Notte isassigned, Seramblemission ‘may’ be assigned only inthe Land Support Ai Phases 140.32] Scramble occurs atthe end ofthe Mission Deployment Segment. Afterall planes have been placed in theirasigned mission hexes, any fighters Sssigned 10 scramble may take off and engage Enemy planes within seramble interception ranse ‘The farther the range, the lesser the chance of Suc cessful interception. A Player is not required 0 serambl his planes even if they are assigned to Scramble mission, but only planes assigned a scramble mission may scramble [40.33] If Player decides 10 scramble his Fighters soassgned he notes the hex which he want Them {o My to and consults the Scramble Table (20.4) determining the distance in hexes from the base oF ‘he serambling planes tothe target hex. The path fof flight may not imchade a hex (ther than the {arget hex) containing other enemy fighters. The Player chen rolls one die and checks the able tosce ifthe seramble has succeeded. If it has, he planes hhave made contact with the Enemy. They are con- feted tobe on offensive CAP now and ‘ack those enomy planes. Ifthe Scrambles unsuc- cessful the planes have lown and they sil most, tefl and refit, The choice of whether ‘leis upto the Payer, butall decisions remade in secret and revealed atthe same ime (atthe end of the Mission Deployment Segment) [d0.34) The Player wishing to scramble eols for each squadron separately, even if more than one Squadron is heading for the same. target. Squadrons may not be split between different hexes for scramble purposes [40.4] SCRAMBLE TABLE (Gee Charts and Table) [40.5] STRAFING [40.51] Any plane with strafing capability (STR) tay strafe pround forces asnd other selected targets. Mostly, fightershave strafing capabilites. Dive-bombers have the capability to both State and Bomba given argt. Stealing isa mission, and precludes the undertaking of any other mission (ith the exception of planes with STR/B apabily [40.82] Planes ona strafing mission areassigned a Target hex and a specific type of target (Case 4058), Thie would be lied a8, sayy STR/CI234/dump, Srafing missions foliow the eneraicourse of al missions 39.0). [40.$3) Each individual plane may strafe only one target in a hex, regardless of how many different {ypes or umber of target of a single type there ate Inthat hex. Furthermore, strafing is resolved as @ single attack against a target; itis nota Series of attacks against, say, each tuck ina com voy, Note: a group of fighters assigned 10 strafe, for example, “infantry-type units” may attack ‘cach of tro battalions attached to. Brigade in target hex, so long as no one plane atiacks more ‘han one battalion. [40.54] The following types of targets may be Strafed Tfantry-type types of units Trucks ia Convoy Fist Line Trucks (attached) Supply Dumps Grounded Aircraft ‘Tanks (only Hurricaine t's) Ports Water Pipeline {40.$5) Steafing may not oscuein major city exe [40.6] STRAFING PROCEDURES: [40.61] snfantry Unies. Te strafing Player totals his TacAir Points (Remember, do nor add Pilot Ratings in here; they apply onl to Air-to-Air) and consults the Stafing Table. The Player ay state 835 many infanty-type battalions or companies as he wishes, but each plane may safe only one target (batlion) per mission. The Player then rolls two dice and checks that diceroll under the column for the number of TacAir points applied {fo that batalion/company. The result is the ‘umber of TOE Suength Points eliminated. 1F such infantry oe Strength Points were actually be- Ing transported by tucks, such trucks are also eliminated 5 e f [40.62] Truck Convoys. Thisistreatedin the same fashion as Case 40.61, with loess beng in Truck Points, The Player being strafed determines whieh trucks are eliminated, except thatthe losses must be distributed ae evenly a8 possible between the various types of “cargo” (Le., water, Tucl, Replacement Poin, ete) A strafing Player may choose to go after fist ine ataced tucks inthe “ame fashion, In such a case he would strafe the parent tit designating is attached trucks asthe target. Again losses ate dlstetbuted as evenly a5 possible [40.63] Grounded Aircraft Treated similarly 10 ‘Case 40.61, with the target being planes on the round. The esult onthe Stafing Table however, ‘snot the namber of planes but rather the number ‘of dice hat the strafing Player must rll tosee haw many planes ae shot up. Thus, ihe gets a ton the ‘Stealing Table, that Player then rolls one die the result ofthat dievoll x the numberof planes trae fed and destroyed on the ground. Stafed Planes ‘may be Recovered 45.6). 140.64) Supply Dumps: The mechanics are the same as 40.62, the results are in the pereentage of all supplies in that damp destroyed. Thus a result, (of Leaiuals 108, 2eauals 20%, [40.65], Tanks: Strang of enemy tanks by planes ‘vas done only towards the end of the campaign, and only by certain planes equipped with heavy” {enough eannon to pierce the tank's armour. The conumonvealth Hurscane Mark IID's were the ‘only planes so equipped (with Viekers 40mm ean rnon). Strafing Tanks is accomplished much the Same as strafing planes, withthe second die oF ‘cero producing the minimum number of Ar ‘our Protection Points that must be removed “Anything with an armour protection rating maybe strafed. Any dummy tank counter strafed is ‘automatically removed from play [s0.66] Ports. Surafing of ports is combined — ‘and is considered part of — a bombing ead on the port. The Payer adds his Strafing TacAir Points then halves them, rounding down. He adds this to the total bombldad delivered on the target (the port), and consuls the Air Bombardment Table See41-5) [40.671 Water Pipeline, Planes may steafe_an Enemy pipeine in order co render it useless. The Player assigns the fighters a mission to stra the pipeline ina given hex, uses the Strafing Table, nd rolls the dice If he obtains any result of 2 oF ‘mare, the pipelines destroyed, (This isnot a"ost eftiient” way of destroying a pipeline.) [40.7] FIGHTER FLAK SUPPRESSION {40.71} Fighters may use thei TacAir Strength to suppress enemy anti-aircraft fire before itis us- cedagainet Fienly planes [40.73] Fighter flack suppression docs not pro- ‘duce any losses on either side, Rather the fighters diver the Mak fie and cover Toe the other planes, However, any unsuppressed flak may fie a any planes inthe hex, including any fighters ona lak Suppression mission. Flak suppression is a mis- [40.13] Fighter ak suppresions flown aft ona is resolved but Before any Tak fire against lanes i undertaken [d0.74) For every three fighters (individual planes) that fy Mak suppression, one poin of aati Aircraft Mak fires nevtrlized and may not be ws: ed that Operations Stage. Only light AA pointsand ship AA points may be suppressed by fies. Heavy “AA points may not be suppressed by fighters [40.75] Fighters flying flak suppression expend Ammunition. The flak units newalied also ex pend ammunition, as they are firing al the Fetes! [40.16] Anti-siteraft unis may only be destroyed by bombing: see Case 1.3 [40.7 Planes may strafe ships to suppres lak, 38 8 regular flak suppression run, They may not ‘damage a ship by stating. Ships may be damaged by bombing ad torpedoes (4133), Remember 39.2 (Combined missions). [40.8] STRAFING TABLE, (Gee Charts and Table) (40.8) NIGHT FIGHTERS [40.91] Nigh fighters (60 indicated on the Air craft Characteristics Chart) have all the characteristics or regular fighters, with one excep tion: night fighters may scramble against a night ‘bombing mission, but when they do, the Player rolling for serambleaddstwota te die [40.92] The following night fighters have their Maneuver Ratings lowered by 4 points when wed “during the day: Blenheio LVF, BI110, aed ju [40.93] Planes on offensive CAP have no 20C at night. [40.94] Any CAP must be designated ap being Flown at night, and such CAP/ESc0rt has no ef fect on other missions, [41.0] BOMBING MISSIONS (GENERAL RULE: ‘Any plane with a Bombload Capacity sreater than ‘gro may engage ina bombing mission. Thereare ‘nany varieties of bombing missions, delineated by ‘he tarpe type Inaddition, certain planes have the capability of engaging in night bombing missions, hich derease the chances of getting attacked by enemy CAP, while lessening’ the Ikcthbood of ‘damage to a target. Certain planes can engage in bombing missions while strafing. See 39.2. To determine the effect of m bombing mission the Player simply totals the Bombload Point (Tons) “delivered 10 the target and consul bardment CRT corresponding. sce what damage, ifany, has resulted. PROCEDURE: During the Strategic Air Planning Stage of eaeh Game-Turn, the Players must assign any bombers that they wish fo ue in that Game-Turn ether to land support missions, not specifying what mis. sons each plane of squadron wil perform, but Just asianing them to general land sspportmie- sons for that Game-Turn, oF to strategie convoy ecomaissance and/or bombing missions (com ‘monvealth player only). All such assignments should bein writing. Any Malta bombing misions are resolved immediately, in the Stratesie Ait Planning Stage, and any bombers assigned to such ‘amision may not be reassigned or used again until the next Game-Turn. Any coavoy missions are resolved during the appropriate Segments of the Convoy Resolution Phase of the Naval Convoy Stage of exch Gamme-Turt any bombers assigned & {envoy mission may not be reasigned or used un- til the following Game-Turs. During each Land Support Air Phase there ate tee in each Game- ‘Turn, one in each Operations Stage), both Players ‘may asign any eligible bombers asignedto “land support missions” to specific misions and after airtonair combat and Mak fre are revolved, the ‘sions shemselies are resolved, [41.1] RESTRICTIONS ON BOMBERS Note: The term “bombers” generally refer to planes that do not equire pilot points [a.1M] Bombers may not scramble, nor do bbombershavean sirzoneof conta, [41.32] Bombers may bomb only one target per ‘mission, and that target must be selected prior to actual fight, (Sorry, you can’t drop your excess ‘bombs on Tobruk om the way back.) [41.33] Bombers may abort before dropping tie ‘bombs on their selected target. (See Case 1.3.) However, whether the bombers abort or nos, they are considered To. have. dropped. ther bombs Somewhere, and thusexpend the ammunition. [81.16] In order to fly any mision (excepting Transfer), a bomber mist be reeled and reited (aswellas armed), [s1.15] Players will note that bombers have Darenthesized TacAie Ratings. This means that they may not be used excep to fre back at Enemy fighters that attack them. See the Setion on Ai {orAir combat. (45.0), [41.16) Certain planes may undertake «wo mis ultaneously (see Case 39.2) dive bombers 1 siafe and bora the same tagel and fighters with bombload eapacites may both strafe and bomb a target if they have a "D” capability. However, ighier-bonbers may either bom or undertake a fighter mission; they do not have the capacity to undertake bath types of missions at once. Ifa fighter-bomber is ing a bombing mis Sionit i considered 0 have .parentheszed ‘TacAir Rating (unless itjetisons Bortbload), [41.17] Torpedoes may be used only agains ships and pors. [41.2] LAND SUPPORTMISSION PROCEDURE [s1.21) Land support missions are concerned with bombing land installations, por, personnel and ‘equipment in furtherance of operations on land [Bombers assigned to land support missions fora Game-Turn are assigned 4 spesiie mision in a specific hex during the Mision Assignment Seg ‘ment ofa Land Support Air Phase. Thus, to assign 4 squadron of Wellingtons to bomb’ the port Facies at Tobcuk, the Commonwealth Player would write “"E:PF/Tobraie” (or any other Feasonable representation of that intent). counter representing all of the bombers of each type assigned to a parceular mission in a hex ie placed in that carget hex (players will have to Keep track on paper of which Bombers are represented by each counter), unless they are intercepted en route by Enemy CAP (see Case 40.27). (That is why itis imporcant fora Player tobe aware ofthe path of ight; if passes thcough an enemy offen Sive CAP Air 20C, the Enemy fighters may attack the bombers). Bombers may also be intercepted by Enemy fighters asigned to scramble missions [41.22] Once a bomber has reached the target hex, ‘any alt-co-air combat is resolved, Then any flak fire i resolved, Then, after any losses are sub- ‘wacted, any remaining bombers may drop their bombload, and the opposing Player determines the effets of same. He does this by totaling the rhumber of bomb tons delivered against the pr. ticulat target and referencing the proper partion of the Air Bombardment and Secondary Barrage “Target Combat Results Table (41.5) He the rolls two ice reading sequentially and apples any resulls. Any surviving planes are then returned to hase (Subject to Enemy CAP interception om the wey), [41.3] LAND SUPPORT BOMBING MISSIONS. All Land Support bombing missions exoept “min: Ing harbors" aze resolved using the Air Bombacd- ‘ment and Secondary Barrage Target Combat ‘Results Table (41.8). Mining harbor attempts are resolved using the Mining Harbors by Plane Table GL, [41.31] Bombing Personnel (B-CU):The effect of the anti-personnel bombing mission is 10 Pin a umber ‘of units (batalion-quivalent) ia. the {atget hex; see Case 4.9 forthe explanation of Ait bombardment pins. The Player totals his bom totaland consuls the Air Bombardment CRT, He rolls two dice, reads the results sequentially, and cross-references that dicerall with the bombload tonnage. The cesult is the number of battalion equivaleat units Pinned. However,for thi pur: ose, each tank or gun (arillery/anti-ank units ‘worth two units (AA/Flak unis may be pinned in the way). The choice of units o be Pinned is deter- mined the same as an artillery barrage (See 12.2) ‘There is one exception to this ection: Units in Ma Jor Cities may not be bombed wales and uni the ortitiation level ofthe city reduced to one (2) orkes [41.33] Bombing Truck Convoys (B-TO)s The results are given ia the mumber of truck units destroyed. The defending Player must divide the losses as evenly as possible amongst ype of trucks land types of cargo. Trucks in major cities may not be bombed by ai until the city i reduced to zero (0°, Inadaition, fist line tricks attaches) may bbe bombed in similar fashion, excep that fist line trucks may be bombed only by planes with 4 "D" ‘capability. The method and results are the same, however, 141.33) Flak Destruction (B-F9): The esultsarein {ermis ofthe number of TOE strength points with fan Anti-Air rating that are destoyed. FakyAA, ‘may alsobe pinned see B-CU above, Fak destruc: sion bombing takes place after Nak fire, unlike Fighter fla suppression, [41.34 Bombing Ships (CF): The result is the number of Damage Peints inflicted on the ships in the hex, (See 30.34). Bombing of the Com: ‘monweath Flee! may not be undersken a nght Torpedoes may be used against ships (See 41.7) See also $1.6. Axis coastal shipping may not be hhombed, [81:35] Bombing Supply. Dumps (BSD! The sults the percentage ofeach type of supply in ‘hat dump tha is destroyed. In dalton, if there are any unattached crucks in the bes, for every 10%% of supplies destroyed, one Truck Point is lost, choie af defender, avidin loses a8 evenly 4s posible, [81:36] Bombing Air Facies (BAP): The result Js the number of capacity levels. That that faiity fs reduced. In addition, for every level destroyed, emote 10% of the planes on the ground (8. 2 levels, 20% planes), founded down. [41.37] Bombing Major Cites/Fortfeations 7/0): Any major ety or hex with foriiations ‘may be bombed. Ifthe target isa major city, the mission may be flown at night (1-4). Only one level of fortification may be destroyed in any (Operations Stage Se also 2238. Players may use ‘his mission to neutralize a temporary eepar facility fn, the temporary faci s neturalized (and ma ‘orb sed} for one Operations Stage [41.38] Bombing Roads or Railronds (B-R or ‘BRR: This is done i te same fashion as Bomb ing Cites, using the same table (ut a eifferent row, according 10 the target). Roads may be ‘bombed at night ifthe Road i in a Coastal He, u