REVIEWER IN ENGLISH

LESSON 1
Idea Development refers to the organizing of ideas in a logical and clear manner to suit the writer’s
purpose?
GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS writing devices used to achieve coherence.
GENERAL TO PARTICULAR pattern of idea development discusses the general topic by elaborating it
using specific details. Commonly uses the grammatical signals also, for example, in addition, specifically,
and for instance.
PROBLEM-SOLUTION pattern of idea development is used to present an action that can be taken to
address an identified concern or issue.
PERSUASION pattern of idea development is based on opinions and emotions that aims to convince the
readers to do or believe in something.
CAUSE AND EFFECT pattern of idea development explains the reasons and results of something.
NOTE: EVEN THOUGH is LEAST appropriate for cause and effect pattern of idea development

LESSON 2
OUTLINE is a tool used in improving and organizing written ideas about a topic into a logical
order. It provides an over-all picture of your essay. It shows a hierarchical order of ideas.

BENEFITS OF OUTLINING
 summarize your ideas
 organize your ideas
 present information clearly
STEPS IN WRITING AN OUTLINE?
 Choose your topic and establish your purpose.
 Create and organize a list of your major topics.
 Make and organize a list of your subtopics.
 Provide additional information to support your subtopics.
 Review and refine the contents of your outline.
SENTENCE OUTLINE presents the thesis statement, major topics, subtopics, and supporting details in
sentence form.
THESIS STATEMENT is a one-sentence statement that expresses the main idea of an essay.
MAJOR TOPICS refer to the major phrases/sentences which are formed from the thesis statement.
PRIMARY SOURCE is a firsthand information. It is the best source to use when synthesizing written
information.
Examples:
 diaries, letter correspondence,  original documents e.g. birth certificates, trial records  interviews,
speeches, oral histories  laws, regulations, constitutions  government documents, statistical data,
research reports  journal article reporting new research or findings  creative art works, literature 
opinion pieces
SECONDARY SOURCES present the information which are derived from primary sources.
Examples:
 journal articles that comment on or analyses research  textbooks  dictionaries and encyclopedias 
books that interpret, analyze  political commentary  biographies  dissertations  newspaper
editorial/columns  criticism of literature, art works or music

LESSON 3

SYNTHESIS is a piece of writing that brings together multiple sources or ideas to create a new idea or
point.
The following describes a good synthesis:
 A way to come up with original ideas
 Comparing and contrasting different theories or positions
 Combining ideas from several sources with ones idea to come up a new idea
SYNTHESIZING pulling of information from several sources to generate a new thought.
TOPIC SENTENCE is a statement containing one main idea, which serves as guide in the process of
synthesizing.
PRIMARY SOURCE is the best source to use when synthesizing written information.
SUMMARIZING is re-stating someone else’s ideas into as few words as possible.
INFERENCING is re-wording of a paragraph or text, in order to borrow, clarify, or expand on information
without plagiarizing.

LESSON 4

PARAGRAPH refers to a group of sentences organized to discuss a topic.

TOPIC SENTENCE is essential part of a paragraph elaborates to discuss a topic.
CONCLUDING SENTENCE is essential part of a paragraph uses a transitional device like therefore,
indeed or finally in restating the topic of the paragraph.
UNITY -when all sentences in the paragraph talk about one central idea or topic.
DEVELOPMENT is applied when a paragraph describes, elaborates, explains, or supports its topic
sentence, leaving no significant questions in readers’ minds.
PROCESS used to explain a process on how to do something by presenting the steps, procedure, or
instructions.
EXEMPLIFICATION uses series of examples to support and further explains the topic sentence.

LESSON 5: TEXT TYPES AND EXAMPLES:

NARRATIVE
 A story about the time you got lost at the forest or a place you visited once.
 The teacher retells her favorite fairy tale.

EXPOSITORY
 An essay that talks about the negative effects and dangers of illegal drugs to the youth.
 The historical background of a certain place.
 An article exposing the possible causes of COVID 19.

EXPLANATORY
 A letter of complaint to the barangay captain explaining observation on peoples’ non-compliance
to community quarantine’s health protocols.
 The doctor discussed the important parts and functions of the human heart.
 An essay discussing the theme from Romeo and Juliet.

PERSUASIVE
 An article attempting to convince readers to conduct a rally for a cause.

PERSONAL RECOUNT
When I was five years old, I had an extreme liking with my sister's toys. Later on, I had a truck full
of toys and they made me very happy. Years had passed, my sister and I grew up and our likes became
different too. Those barbie dolls that my sister used to play and dressed up with, seem to be a childish
thing now and my favorite “Luksong Tinik” game became part of my memory now.

NOTE:
The use of appropriate text type in writing a specific text helps convey the purpose of the text
itself.