 Chauhan, C., Parida, V. and Dhir, A., 2022.

Linking circular economy and digitalisation

technologies: A systematic literature review of past achievements and future promises.
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 177, p.121508.

 This paper finds out the social and practical importance of digitisation and CE and
how it increased in the last decade among the scholars to conduct research on this
topic.
 This study finds out few barriers and enabler of implementing digital technologies
for CE. Barriers – cost effective concern, lack of policy and regulations, low pressure
from the market, lack of environmental education, In formation vulnerability.
Enablers -ecosystem collaboration, reverse logistic, valorisation and resource
recovery, waste segregation.
 This study states that there are few sectors such as -health care, Agri food,
education, fashion, urban sector where digitisation and transition to CE has been
highly successful.
 The literature study of this paper focuses on the greatness of digitisation as an
enabler for the transition of CE and also find out AI and IOT as two great
technologies in CE literature.

 Kristoffersen, E., Blomsma, F., Mikalef, P. and Li, J., 2020. The smart circular economy: A
digital-enabled circular strategies framework for manufacturing companies. Journal of
business research, 120, pp.241-261.
 This paper finds out there is little insight of supporting guidance and capabilities of
business analytics for achieving the full potential of CE by the application of digital
technology with an aim to achieve the 12th sustainable development goal in the
manufacturing companies.
 The literature of this study finds that the policy initiatives are still underway and
there is still a gap between theory and practice and at a pre-paradigmatic state.
 One of the results of this study shows how DT can help circular strategies in
operational level to unburden the human decision making and how DT can aid
circular strategies related to corporate strategies with virtualizing everything such as
time, location and human observation.
 This paper also set a smart CE frame work by providing the process and levels of data
transformation, resource optimization capabilities and data flow process.

 Ranta, V., Aarikka-Stenroos, L. and Väisänen, J.M., 2021. Digital technologies catalyzing
business model innovation for circular economy—Multiple case study. Resources,
conservation and recycling, 164, p.105155.
 This paper focuses on the lack of understanding of how DT can help small firms in
real life setting by improving resource flow and value creation and capture and
suggests managers to create radical business model innovations by the help of DT.
 The literature review of this study shows the role of DT in case of BMI by improving
CEBM strategies, models, managerial practices, and a major enabler of product
service system.
  By analysing the data from the different case studies this study finds that the DT like
IOT or Cloud technology helps CE business models in several ways with incremental
and radical improvements.
 One of the limitations of this study to use a qualitative approach that can be biased
but they tried to mitigate this by theory-based coding and researcher triangulation.

 Govindan, K., 2023. How digitalization transforms the traditional circular economy to a smart
circular economy for achieving SDGs and net zero. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics
and Transportation Review, 177, p.103147.
 This paper focuses on how smart CE can influence in achieving SDG and Net Zero with
filling the gap of recent research on CE-SDG-NET Zero relationships as the research
conducted on them lacks the real-life information.
 The literature of this study shows that there is research been carried out on the relation
between CE and SDG but there is no single study that relates CE with Net zero, taking
leather industry as an example.
 The Literature also find that all the existing research are limited to understand the term
‘Technology’ as a key transition of smart CE to achieve SDG and Net Zero.
 The case study shows that compared to other sectors such as automobiles and
electronics, textile industry has got less attention and some of the impacts of this
industry are overlooked such as – dye waste and effluents.
 There are few successes factor in case of technological aspect the research has found
such as -digital self-service technology, modular technology.
 This study finds that the most influential successful factor in case of textile industry to
achieve Net Zero and SDG is adopting refurbish and the least influential success factor is
the global proximity.

 Bressanelli, G., Adrodegari, F., Perona, M. and Saccani, N., 2018. The role of digital
technologies to overcome Circular Economy challenges in PSS Business Models: An
exploratory case study. Procedia Cirp, 73, pp.216-221.

 The literature of this study shows that PSS and BW as the enabler for the transition
to CE for the companies facing major challenges, but little attention has been drawn
on how DT can help to overcome these challenges.
 The result shows that how IOT and Big data and analytics can help to overcome the
challenges in most cases driving from the case study except the financial risk and
cannibalisation.
 This researcher finds this study limited in case of generalisation of the key factors of
DT as the research was conducted on only one case study and not all the DT
highlighted by the industry was explored.
 DT used for this case study can help to overcome few challenges such as loss of
ownership, users willing to pay and return flow uncertainties.

1.Uçar, E., Le Dain, M.A. and Joly, I., 2020. Digital technologies in circular economy transition:
evidence from case studies. Procedia cirp, 90, pp.133-136.
  In this paper as discussed in the case study found DT as both enabler and trigger, as an
enabler DT acts as a facilitator for the development of CE and improves the collaboration
between actors and ecosystem and as a trigger it shows how DT can initiate and lead to
innovation process related to the company’s routes and mechanisms.
 This paper affirms that it is the first research paper to identify the role of DT in CE using
business model logic and says that there was no research done before on the relation
between DT functionalities and circular business model canvas.
 This Paper tries to explore the relationship between CE and DT by using the Business
model canvass and the R principles (reuse, remanufacture and recycle).

2.Trevisan, A.H., Zacharias, I.S., Castro, C.G. and Mascarenhas, J., 2021. Circular economy
actions in business ecosystems driven by digital technologies. Procedia CIRP, 100, pp.325-
330.
 This paper aims to explore the gap that was not addressed before that is the link
between CE and ecosystems structured by DT.
 The literature emphasizes on the existence of the companies in a structure of
ecosystem that is interdependent and linked to each other in transition towards CE
by the help of DT.
 This study suggests that circular economy can be applied to business ecosystem,
namely – product, process, service and dematerialization and also asserts that
transactional ecosystem is more focused on service and dematerialisation.
 Technologies like ICT, IOT and Bi data were applying for the cases but the application
of Block chain and AI which can have potential role to boost CE were not explored in
this study.

8. Schoeggl, J.P., Rusch, M., Stumpf, L. and Baumgartner, R.J., 2023. Implementation of digital
technologies for a circular economy and sustainability management in the manufacturing sector.
Sustainable Production and Consumption, 35, pp.401-420.

 These papers found that among four DTs, Big data analytics and IOT technology is most
widely implemented and their use is very limited in sustainable development and in a pilot
phase.
 After considering the data and statistics of the different industries, this paper shows that
construction, machinery and metals, electronics are more advanced in using DTs and food,
wood and textiles sectors are less advanced for achieving sustainable development and for
applying CE business models.
 This study finds that the of the use of IOT has achieved a higher level of maturity among the
companies as a mean for automated and continuous data collection process and sharing and
there is an increase of the regulatory pressure related to the adoption of IOT technologies.
 In applying the DT for the CE, not only the size of the companies matters but also it is
company specified and depending on the value proposition and value chain position.
9. Sharma, M., Joshi, S. and Govindan, K., 2023. Overcoming barriers to implement
digital technologies to achieve sustainable production and consumption in the food
sector: A circular economy perspective. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 39,
pp.203-215.

 This paper finds out ‘organisational barriers ‘as the prime among all the barriers
for adopting DT for sustainable production and consumption in food supply
chains and suggests that the commitment from the top management is the best
way to overcome these barriers.
 The literature review identifies few barriers for applying DT in SPC such as lack of
policy interventions, cost for applying the DT, the need to improve transparency
while initiating the culture of adaptability.
 This paper suggests that to achieve sustainable development, the organisation
have the concern for skilled workforce with DT knowledge and must make a
fundamental and transformative change.
 The cross-sector collaboration is one of the useful strategies for different food
retail internet economics by using big data to improve the design of product
network.

10. Wu, D. and Pi, Y., 2023. Digital technologies and product-service systems: A
synergistic approach for manufacturing firms under a circular economy. Journal of
Digital Economy, 2, pp.37-49.

 This paper explored the relationship between PSS and CE and find that DT
has a positive impact to act as an enabler for PSS deployment and various
ways of adapting DT can integrate toolsets that can satisfy product demand
and can increase service quality.
 In the competitive manufacturing sector to meet the expectations of the
customers, they need to increase the service accessibility and offer value
added services and for that new business models lie PSS offers high quality
service to meet the demand but this sector lacks the enabling technologies
to implement PSS.
 The literature review shows for enabling CE, PSS can be an effective
business model but most of the studies find that they are still conceptual in
nature and how DT can be implemented in practice for PSS is still missing.

 In the methodology section, the paper shows that the primary data was
collected by taking semi structured interview but there is no specification
of the individuals whom interviews were taken that potentially makes the
outcome of this research.
 11.Planing, P., 2017. Will digital boost circular? Evaluating the impact of the
digital transformation on the shift towards a circular economy. Int. J.
Manag. Cases, 19, pp.22-31.

 This paper finds out DT has immense potential to have a spark for the CE by
improving asset utilization, recovering pure material flow, enabling
refurbishment only if the regulatory, social and economic viabilities are
met.
 This paper shows that the business models enabling CE will be more
attractive to the customers if there are more successful example of DT
implementation comes into light like e publishing and car sharing that gives
more opportunities for digital business models.
 The findings of this study believes that the financial benefits alone can not
contribute to the transition of digital CE, the psyche and the acceptance of
the consumer, stakeholder motivation can play a great role for advancing in
this sector.

12 Cagno, E., Neri, A., Negri, M., Bassani, C.A. and Lampertico, T., 2021. The role of digital
technologies in operationalizing the circular economy transition: A systematic literature
review. Applied Sciences, 11(8), p.3328.
 This paper identifies there are limited circular aspects in consideration of DT with
the shortcomings like lack of integration and holistic approach of the
relationships and empirically there is more need of investigation in decision
making process.
 From the findings of this study by reviewing different research studies on this
field, it is found that the number of research is more in a theoretic approach and
the content needs an empirical approach.
 This paper also finds out the DT has the proven ability to facilitate the
cooperation and connection among firms and industrial symbiosis that helps to
build a interdependent environment to promotes the CE.
 According to this paper ,after reviewing all the data it says that the most
discussed aspects related to CE were CBM, SCM and DIGIT and in case of the
resolve areas the main addressed areas were on exchange and optimize and the
most considered single use DTs are IOT and DBA .

13. Bellini, A. and Bang, S., 2022, December. Barriers for data management as an enabler
of circular economy: an exploratory study of the Norwegian AEC-industry. In IOP Conference Series:
Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1122, No. 1, p. 012047). IOP Publishing.

 This paper finds out there are different barriers that is hindering the proper
implementation of DT in CE and some of the identified barriers are – lack of
 data availability and interoperability, unwillingness to share data and lack of
competence and lack of collaborative approach.
 Being one of the least digitally advanced, the construction industry made
an immense development by digitalizing the sector over the last few years
and this research shows that there are few technologies such as BIM, IOT,
AI. Digital twins that can help this sector to be more sustainable.
 This paper argues that there was research conducted previously on barriers
related to digitisation of construction sector or CE but not specifically on
digitisation of data collection and management as an enabler so this
research is an empirical study of the validation of the perceived barriers in
digitising of CE in construction sector.
 In the construction sector most, material mapping takes place at the end-
of-life phase before it is deconstructed, so this study suggest that the
motive of the CE in AEC industry depends on the availability of data and
adoption of material passport for both new or existing buildings.

14. Khan, S.A.R., Zia‐ul‐haq, H.M., Umar, M. and Yu, Z., 2021. Digital technology and
circular economy practices: A strategy to improve organizational performance. Business Strategy &
Development, 4(4), pp.482-490.

 This study finds that BCT has positive influence on all dimensions of CE
practices such as circular procurement, circular design and that can be a
driving force to improve organisational performance.
 The literature of this study argues that the BCT can ensure the availability of
data that can prevent from data tempering, false ownership if that applies to
supply chain process that can reduce cost and improve efficiency.
 The adoption of ecofriendly and green techniques for CE practices can reduce
waste and harmful emissions that eventually helps a company to achieve
sustainable performance and resource efficiency.

15. Böhmecke‐Schwafert, M., Wehinger, M. and Teigland, R., 2022. Blockchain for the
circular economy: Theorizing blockchain's role in the transition to a circular economy through an
empirical investigation. Business Strategy and the Environment, 31(8), pp.3786-3801.

 This paper shows that blockchain can support the three principles of
CE (reduce, reuse and recycle) and it can facilitate traceability in supply
chain management and also find that the general technical challenges
such as -premature blockchain solutions, threat of inaccurate data
entry known as oracle problem negatively influence blockchain CE
innovation.
 The literature shows that the concept of CE is evolving, and two
primary implementation approaches have emerged one from the
government policy and bottom-up forces driven by the stakeholders
such as enterprises, environmental organizations, and civil society.
  This study finds out the transition to CE usually hampered by the
harder factors such as (technical/financial / economic and market
factors) like the investment cost, lack of available technical solutions.
 In case of the cultural and social barriers the most important thing is
trust and credibility, these papers say that Blockchain can eliminate
those barriers by crating trust between the producer and consumer.

16. Neligan, A., Baumgartner, R.J., Geissdoerfer, M. and Schöggl, J.P., 2023.
Circular disruption: Digitalisation as a driver of circular economy business models. Business Strategy
and the Environment, 32(3), pp.1175-1188.

 This paper finds that there is a smaller number of research done

empirically on the enabling role of digitisation and also finds that
companies with strong digital focus, the resource efficiency is
higher by applying new business models.
 This paper shows that there is a conceptual ambiguity between
the relationship of CBMI and digitisation and also finds that the
implementation of DTs for resource efficiency is still limited to
the small case studies.
 The literature of this study shows that DTs can help to overcome
the barriers of CBMs and gives an operational support for circular
component, product and flows and it can act as a combiner
between value chain partners and other stakeholders.
 Though this paper focus mainly on the manufacturing companies
of Germany and most of the companies are small sixed, so
address the relationships between the DT s and CBMI a more
empirical and broader research could help if the research was on
medium or large sized companies.
 The level of digitisation of PSS depends on the digitisation in
general of the business model, this paper finds that the firms
with computerised and data driven business model have the
much higher rate of being digitalized in future.
 The use of DTs is mainly on value creation process but the role of
DTs is yet to be explored on value capturing and altering value
propositions.

17. Trevisan, A.H., Zacharias, I.S., Liu, Q., Yang, M. and Mascarenhas, J., 2021.
Circular economy and digital technologies: A review of the current research streams. Proceedings of
the design society, 1, pp.621-630.

 This paper tries to address the relationships that relates CE

to DT in micro, macro and meso -level by finding the fact
that the main research streams of this study is still unclear.
 This study finds that the multidisciplinary areas such as
supply chain management, sharing economy and smart
cities needs to be studied integrating all together rather
addressing them separately.
  The urgency of the research on CE and DTs among the
developing countries like Brazil and India is more compared
to the countries in Europe and North American nations as
the reality of this topic is very distinct in the developing
countries.
 This study suggests that the literature for further research
should focus more on the quantitative research and more
focus on the distinct business models and design of it and
research should explore more the potential application of
data security, privacy concerns and consumer acceptance
of DTs.
 This paper find that the less studies mention the social
aspect while analysing the relation between CE and DTs
compared to economic and environmental aspect also
focus on the lack of studies the role of DTs to leverage
biological cycles.

18. Khan, S.A.R., Piprani, A.Z. and Yu, Z., 2022. Digital technology and circular
economy practices: future of supply chains. Operations Management Research, 15(3), pp.676-688.

 This paper explore the lack of empirical research on

how DT s and various technical innovations can help
businesses to build a circular economy paradigm
across the value chain.
 This literature discuss about how DTs can help
organizations in different ways by offering more
innovative solutions ,lowering costs, reducing
resource consumption and to be competitive in the
market.
 The result of this study asserts that the IOT and AI
has the greatest potential as a driver to enable CE
business models by product creation, producing
information and reducing resource flow that makes
the product cost effective enough to attract the
consumer.
 This paper find out that the policies and regulations
should be focused on the indenisation of the
capabilities and objectives of individual country and
the polices can be more flexible and accept all
stakeholders acceptance considering the successful
implementation of DTs in CE.
 19. Kottmeyer, B., 2021. Digitisation and sustainable
development: the opportunities and risks of using
digital technologies for the implementation of a
circular economy. Journal of Entrepreneurship and
Innovation in Emerging Economies, 7(1), pp.17-23.

 This paper tries to find out the social outcomes of

digitisation on work environment and finds that it
offers both, opportunities for progress and significant
risk with harmful consequences like social injustice by
unequal distribution of accessing digital resources
and the concentration of power and its abuse.

 This study finds out that to create a circular economy

there is a need of communication among different
stakeholders that might result in improved
coordination of material and information flow with
the help of DTs.

 Block chain as a part of DT have the potential to

enhance the level of transparency, variability and
reliability of data and it can contribute to solve the
problems like quality and quantity of the product,
transactional cost and adding the social value the
externalities and decision making.

 This paper says that for implementing the DTs for CE

there needs a strong technological support in case of
the arrangement or supply but it varies from region
to region as it seems like the western world is likely
to get the benefits and have more opportunities in
applying the DTs.

20. Pagoropoulos, A., Pigosso, D.C. and McAloone, T.C., 2017. The emergent
role of digital technologies in the Circular Economy: A review. Procedia cirp, 64, pp.19-24.

 This paper focuses on the changes in implementing the CE that can

be achieved by PSS as a new business model and also claims that
this model grabs a huge attention over the last few decades that can
improve economic growth from resource consumption with the
application DTs.
 The analysis of the data from a comparative periodic review finds
that the study on CE is growing fast especially on PSS, industrial
ecology and green supply chain logistics but the studies are more
 qualitative than quantitative which focus on the application of DTs
in the context of CE.
 This study find that in relation of DTs to CE the area of data
collection and analysis are discussed together but oppositely data
integration is either implicit or not discussed at all so it assert that
the value proposition of data integration system is not clear yet.

21. Rukanova, B., Tan, Y.H., Hamerlinck, R., Heijmann, F. and Ubacht, J., 2021. Digital
Infrastructures for Governance of Circular Economy: A Research Agenda. EGOV-CeDEM-ePart-*,
pp.191-198.

 This paper says that the governance of CE is very challenging due

to the lack of CE flows though DTs have great potential for
developing the visibility but the area of CE governance and the
role of DT s in the IS and E Governance is largely unexplored.
 This papers also address the fact that there is a growing interest
on digital governance and SDG in the E government community
but there is less research found specifically on CE or Ce
governance.
 There are few platforms of blockchain has been developed
recently such as Tradelens , Food Trust or Vinturas that helps to
develop a visibility in the supply chain but this platforms fail to
cover after the phase of post-production process.
 This paper illustrates a framework for understanding the DT
infrastructure for the governance of CE and sets out three main
points such as -CE systems allowing clear CE flows visibility by
Digital infrastructure ,CE governance that includes -regulation,
monitoring and service delivery.

22. Ghoreishi, M. and Happonen, A., 2020. New promises AI brings into circular
economy accelerated product design: a review on supporting literature. In E3S web of
conferences (Vol. 158, p. 06002). EDP Sciences.

 This paper tries to explore the potential of AI in product

circularity with the help of circular design tools and strategies
and also shows that the real time data transformation and
data analysis consumes less time and less energy .
 One part of the literature of this paper focuses on the
importance of circular product design because the impact of
the product is determined at the phase of the design .The
circular product design develop the design in a system level
that explore new relationships and experiences.
 The paper discuss about the potential of AI in food industry
by rapid prototyping and machine learning assisted design
can generate a large number of financial value in the
upcoming years.
  This paper suggests that the respective company using the
digital technology like AI need to understand the possibilities
and the limitations of AI before applying it and to realize that
fact that how AI and CE can be integrated with the business.

23. Kottmeyer, B., 2021. Digitisation and sustainable development: the

opportunities and risks of using digital technologies for the implementation of a circular
economy. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, 7(1), pp.17-23.

 This paper finds out the potential contribution of digital

technologies like blockchain to address the gap of theory of
practice of circular economy by enhancing information flow
and the communication in the value chain between the
stakeholders.
 This paper addresses the importance of digitisation in shaping
many dimensions of the society and as this creates the
opportunities and along with that it has significant risk and
harmful aspect as well so the papers suggest not to take DT as
a goal rather as a tool box that can create value to the society.
 This paper identifies four main barriers for the transition of
circular economy such as – lack of the quantity and quality of
data, transactional cost, externalities and product design.
 While using the DTs like block chain, the opportunities of
using the technology will be exploited if the users believe in
the technology while sharing the data rather a mutual
understanding and belief between the stakeholders will add
more value and it also says that the application of this
technology is limited across the world because of the
variability of internet access around the world.
 The considerable competitive advantage of the of the virtual
and sharing platforms induces monopolistic mindset and this
type of monopolistic competitive market is still unregulated
and it can lead to economic harm.

24. Kovacic, I., Honic, M. and Sreckovic, M., 2020. Digital platform for
circular economy in aec industry. Engineering Project Organization Journal, 9. (Incomplete)

 Construction sector being the largest consumer of

resources in the world is still one of the least digitalised
industries, this paper finds that Dt has remarkable
potential to support CE in construction and engineering.
 Construction sector one of the biggest generators of
solid waste becoming more important in the European
 Union Policy and this paper finds the potential of DTs in
construction sector by assessing and modelling of the
resource flow, and by providing new business model
that adds value for the stakeholders.

25. Magrini, C., Nicolas, J., Berg, H., Bellini, A., Paolini, E., Vincenti, N.,
Campadello, L. and Bonoli, A., 2021. Using internet of things and distributed ledger technology for
digital circular economy enablement: The case of electronic equipment. Sustainability, 13(9), p.4982.

 The trend of using electric and electronic equipment’s in the modern

world is rapidly growing that produces lot of EEE waste worldwide and
the end life of an EE product contains valuable material and also poses
threat to environment by producing hazardous waste. This sector poses
a challenge and opens the door for circularity, this paper shows the
potential contribution of IOT and DLT in the circularity of EEE.
 While exploring the potential of BC technology in the EEE sector, this
paper identifies that BC can assure the customers that no child labour
was used and human rights were protected during the production and
supply process because of the emerging demand of the electric devices,
the process may have social impacts in mining activities in crucial parts
of the world.
 This paper finds out that having the potentiality of the DTs in EEE
circulation there still remains challenges like lack of investments,
inadequate regulatory framework and inadequate market demand so to
tackle these challenges this paper suggests to integrate the CE principle
across the life cycle.
 The BC solution for the EEE waste is in piloting stage and face challenges
of interoperability, technical security and this paper address the need of
enabling legislation for WEEE treatment.

26. Liu, Q., Yang, L. and Yang, M., 2021. Digitalisation for water sustainability:
Barriers to implementing circular economy in smart water management. Sustainability, 13(21),
p.11868.

 Clean water and sanitation are one of the 17 UNs sustainable goals,
this paper shows that limited research has been carried out in
regard to the circularity of water management and tried to find out
the barriers in smart water system also points out the lack of CE
concern, recycling technologies are the most highlighted ones.
 This paper shows different barriers to implement DT in water
management sectors in different parts of the world such as EU and
in Asia, most notable barriers are financial resources and legislation
support and there is limited research been carried out and the
implementation in water sector is also limited.
 The literature of this study shows that IOT can be the most
promising tool for improving environmental sustainability used in
sectors like farming, domestic water treatment and air quality and
 it is more efficiently used in resource and environment related
areas.
 This paper finds that the high investment cost and short-term profit
of CE implementation moving stakeholders away, though this study
was on a particular region to its difficult to generalize for
addressing the fact of implementation.

27. Jemal, K.M., Kabzhassarova, M., Shaimkhanov, R., Dikhanbayeva, D.,

Turkyilmaz, A., Durdyev, S. and Karaca, F., 2023. Facilitating circular economy strategies using digital
construction tools: framework development. Sustainability, 15(1), p.877.

 This paper finds that there is literature review found on

digitisation led CE focus more on how DTs can facilitate CE
adoption but how DTs can improve different CE strategies is
still undiscovered.
 Due to the rapid worldwide urbanization the construction
sector face challenges related to cost, time and quality, this
study finds out the digital transformation can play a vital role
to overcome this challenge and it can significantly affect the
construction process.
 In applying the DTs for the construction sector there are few
technologies which have great potential such as – BIM, use of
big data and IOT in different phase of construction such as –
planning, building life cycle and operation management.
 For implementing DTs in construction sector there are few
challenges identified by this paper such as -lack of awareness
among stakeholders, customers and government, the lack of
government involvement in making regulations and the
insufficient financial resources.

28. Bressanelli, G., Adrodegari, F., Perona, M. and Saccani, N., 2018. Exploring
how usage-focused business models enable circular economy through digital
technologies. Sustainability, 10(3), p.639.

 This paper identifies eight functionalities of technologies like

IOT, Big data and analytics while applying servitized business
model in household industry that provides several benefits.
 Though the literature has pointed out several benefits of
servitized BM any company can get by generating new
revenue streams, strengthening customer relations but this
BM needs basic changes of the way of delivering value and
customer dealing.
 This paper finds out in transition to CE with the support of
DT needs to be analysed more broadly in a conceptual and
empirical way.
  This paper tries to show the relation of the servitzed BW and
three circular economy value drivers (product focused,
usage focused and result focused) and identifies the main
drawbacks of CE adoption.
 This paper finds out there is an increase of use oriented BM
in Both B2B and B2C sectors by the help of increasing
popularity of sharing paradigm.
 This paper only investigates one case study and it’s hard to
generalize by analysing a single case and also other potential
DTs have been explored as well in this case.

29. Bressanelli, G., Adrodegari, F., Pigosso, D.C. and Parida, V., 2022. Towards the
smart circular economy paradigm: A definition, conceptualization, and research
agenda. Sustainability, 14(9), p.4960.

 This paper finds out that despite having the potential of DTs
in CE transition the convergence of these two is still under
investigation and the literature still lacks to show that how
DTs can contribute to create value for CE.
 This paper shows how DTs like IOT, blockchain, 3D printing
can create environmental, social and economic value in a
smart circular economy paradigm.
 This paper shows that DTs are not an end in themselves
rather a mean to shape the CE that can create value and also
propose to adapt a principle of waste equals to food to an
equation more fitted waste +data = resource for digital age.

30. D’Amico, G., Arbolino, R., Shi, L., Yigitcanlar, T. and Ioppolo, G., 2021.
Digital technologies for urban metabolism efficiency: Lessons from urban agenda partnership on
circular economy. Sustainability, 13(11), p.6043.

 This paper shows the CE with an integration to DTs offers various

advantages to urban metabolism by optimising the circulation,
enhancement of waste, byproducts and emission and also
suggests that a pragmatic rethinking is required in case of urban
circularity .
 This papers shows that having the great potential of DTs for urban
circular transition many cities around the world have not the
proper industrial, economic, social and environmental structures
for such paradigm shift and there is a challenge of implementing a
holistic approach from different stakeholders.
  Form a social point of view, this paper shows that the highly
departmentalized and non-integrated bureaucratic governance
structure is one of the barriers for digitalization strategy.
 This paper identifies the limitation of this research by not having
enough quantitative data on the social, environmental and
economic flows of the circularity and suggests that further
research should focus more on the quantitative research for the
urban circularity.

31. Demestichas, K. and Daskalakis, E., 2020. Information and communication

technology solutions for the circular economy. Sustainability, 12(18), p.7272.

 This paper focuses on the potential of ICT solutions for implementing

CE and found that there are few such as – IOT, blockchain, digital
platforms software tools are the most popular ones and greater
emphasis is on the R component of the CE by the academic
researcher.
 The literature of this study tries to investigate the fact that if ICT can
play a role in CE transition, potential challenges of using ICT
elements and integration of ICT solutions with different CE concepts.
 Different types of computing, such as cloud computing, edge
computing, and distributed computing, can have a catalytic role in
the path towards a CE, as presented below and one of the benefits
of using computing for advancing CE benefits are called thin
benefits.
 Despite having several benefits, the ICT solutions according to this
paper, face several challenges regarding the use of ICT in the way to
a more restorative and regenerative economy.

32. Han, Y., Shevchenko, T., Yannou, B., Ranjbari, M., Shams Esfandabadi, Z.,
Saidani, M., Bouillass, G., Bliumska-Danko, K. and Li, G., 2023. Exploring how digital technologies
enable a circular economy of products. Sustainability, 15(3), p.2067.

 This paper tries to find out the research gap of how various
industries can apply DTs across the entire product lifecycle to
operate CE strategies and different stages of product lifecycle.
 This paper states that different DTs such as IOT, cloud
computing, Al has the potential to contribute for improving CE
business models considering the environmental and economic
costs and are balanced with benefits.
 This paper abstractly gives an analysis of the interaction of PSS
business model and finds that there can be an improvement of
reverse supply chains and can make c effective connection
among consumers, manufacturers and recyclers through DTs.
 33. Kandasamy, J., Venkat, V. and Mani, R.S., 2023. Barriers to the adoption of digital
technologies in a functional circular economy network. Operations Management Research, 16(3),
pp.1541-1561.

 This paper tried to find out different barriers of implementing DTs for
CE and finds that the most influential barrier is the negative
perception towards technology and suggest managers to emphasise
the top most priority for avoiding disruption in the system.
 This paper particularly focuses on the two most important barriers
that is unclear government policy and lack of knowledge and
expertise and also suggests that some of these barriers can be
eliminated by raising awareness on DTs.
 Though this study analysed the data by two different methods one of
them is TISM model, but the research is more focused on the
qualitative analysis and it needs more quantitative analysis

34. Sica, D., Esposito, B., Malandrino, O. and Supino, S., 2022. The role of digital
technologies for the LCA empowerment towards circular economy goals: a scenario analysis for the
agri-food system. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, pp.1-24.

 This paper tries to find out advantages and barriers of DTs

empowering LCA and it finds that DT s have the potential in
overcoming LCA limitations regarding the quality of data in a
complex environment.
 This paper finds out the lack of reliable and up to dater data
on food products for Accurate LCA studies is one of the
critical issues and the application of DTs can guarantee data
security and validation that eventually help the effectiveness
of this sector.
 The AfS sector being one of the contributors of the waste,
the research of implantation of DTs for this sector is still a
few and this paper urges more research needs to be carried
out in the Afro food sector.
 Concerning the inventory analysis, scholars have
demonstrated that DTs also help overcome the limits related
to the complexity of the global nature of product supply
chains, as well as the LCA limitations regarding the quality of
the data and their completeness enabling the consideration
of all the possible inputs of complex AFSCs
 This paper also finds out that DTs can also help limiting the
complexity of global nature of product supply chains
regarding the quality and the completeness of the complex
systems of AFS sector.
 For the methodology this paper follows the questionnaire
survey and only half of the response were recorded
collected from the expert so to make a general conclusion
with a half response and a qualitative analysis makes this
 research less reliable in case of the outcome of answering
the research question.

35. Hernández-Chover, V., Castellet-Viciano, L., Bellver-Domingo, Á. and

Hernández-Sancho, F., 2022. The potential of digitalization to promote a circular economy in the
water sector. Water, 14(22), p.3722.

 This paper tried to find out the potential of DTs in the

urban water sector as the whole system requires constant
monitoring in case of the quality and quantity of the
water. Artificial intelligence has been applied to this
sector in recent years for improving water cycle
infrastructure.
 According to this paper, one of the potentialities of DTs is
its capacity to favour in transition to CE that is more
environmentally friendly and that is aligned with the
wellbeing of the society.
 For the growing global demand for food this sector need
special attention and this paper shows that the innovative
tools and integration can benefit three elements of food,
water and energy nexus.
 The water reuse sector can take great advantage of DTs
for managing the reclaimed water and that water can be
used in different sectors that can generate economic
value like agriculture and servicers.

36. Neri, A., Negri, M., Cagno, E., Franzò, S., Kumar, V., Lampertico, T. and
Bassani, C.A., 2023. The role of digital technologies in supporting the implementation of circular
economy practices by industrial small and medium enterprises. Business Strategy and the
Environment, 32(7), pp.4693-4718.

 According to this paper the implementation of DTs to

support the CE transition in the medium and small
businesses are limited as they are with less resource and
management incompetency and they tend to adopt and
use fewer DTs than large firms.
 This paper finds out that DTs such as AI and IOT has the
greater potential for the manufacturing sector for better
performance and better product usage analysis if they
two technologies are coupled together.
 This research in a sense is limited as it was only carried
out at only 10 firms in Italy with 15 interviews and its
exploratory investigation with qualitative analysis, for
 generalising without quantitative data its limited in its
analysis.

37. Okorie, O., Salonitis, K., Charnley, F., Moreno, M., Turner, C. and Tiwari,
A., 2018. Digitisation and the circular economy: A review of current research and future
trends. Energies, 11(11), p.3009.

 This paper finds that there is significant opportunity of Ce in

industrial system with the help of DTs but it claims that research
combining these two areas and DTs to enable CE has not been
explored extensively.

 This paper gives an account of research been carried out on CE and

DTs are mostly in USA and China mainly in engineering and
computer science and in Europe and Asia, Germany and India have
the highest number of papers on CE principles.

 This research used the term technology life cycle for developing for
the integrative framework and it was identified in the literature as
confused and incomplete and that can be misunderstood with the
terms alike industry life cycle and product life cycle.

38. . Rusch, M., Schöggl, J.P. and Baumgartner, R.J., 2023. Application of digital
technologies for sustainable product management in a circular economy: A review. Business Strategy
and the Environment, 32(3), pp.1159-1174.

 This paper finds that the use of DTs has significantly improved SSCM,
business models and product design by enhancing the efficiency,
transparency and trustworthiness between stakeholders and also
suggests that the personal and intraorganizational issues must be
considered as well.
 This paper shows that a holistic and an interdisciplinary approach
can reveal new application and implementation approaches by
more empirical research and shows that the use of DTs has clear
managerial implications too.
 This paper finds out DTs can provide new possibilities for more
dynamic SPM but are insufficient currently in integration for such
activities but DTs can help improving a variety of sustainability areas
in efficiency, optimization and reducing cost.
 39. Fanta, G.B., Pretorius, L.E.O.N. and Nunes, B.R.E.N.O., 2021. Enabling circular
economy in healthcare using industry 4.0 digital technologies. In Proceedings of the 30th
International Conference of the International Association for Management of Technology, IAMOT.

 This paper shows that, in compared to industries like

construction and manufacturing industries, the
implementation of DTs in the health care sector is not widely
explored.
 This paper finds that DTs like cloud computing has the
potential by providing the facilities of remote monitoring of
physiological and pathological signals, wellness monitoring,
medication intake monitoring and many other as well in the
health care sector.
 This paper finds that the economic value is the foremost
driver of CE in health care and there are two major concerns
for adopting CE practices are the high quality and hygiene
requirement of medical devices.

40. Chiaroni, D., Del Vecchio, P., Peck, D., Urbinati, A. and Vrontis, D., 2021.
Digital technologies in the business model transition towards a circular economy. Resources,
conservation and recycling, 168, p.105286.

 This paper asserts that despite the growing interest by the

scholars and practitioners in sectors like digitisation and
circular economy, the research based on the combination
and mutual effects of these two is still under researched.
 Despite the relevance of this topic of digitising Ce business
models, the implications of DTs for single companies and
industries is not explored in case of business model
design, customer experience and organizational
configuration.
 This paper finds that in case of digitalized product service
system there is a change of consumer behaviour in sharing
mobility platform like bicycle sharing systems and there is
a growing dependence on digital aspects.

Chiaroni, D., Del Vecchio, P., Peck, D., Urbinati, A. and

Vrontis, D., 2021. Digital technologies in the business
model transition towards a circular economy. Resources,
conservation and recycling, 168, p.105286.
 41. Nascimento, D.L.M., Alencastro, V., Quelhas, O.L.G., Caiado,
R.G.G., Garza-Reyes, J.A., Rocha-Lona, L. and Tortorella, G., 2019.
Exploring Industry 4.0 technologies to enable circular economy
practices in a manufacturing context: A business model
proposal. Journal of manufacturing technology
management, 30(3), pp.607-627.

 This paper shows how DTs can help establishing a business

model to reuse and recycle wasted materials such as scrap
metals or e-waste and find that there is positive outcome by
using DTs in this sector.

 This paper shows various positive outcome of using DTs in

manufacturing sector but also shows that circularly
manufactured products are expensive to build due to the
high work intensity so the required reverse logistics and high-
cost issues need to be considered.

 This paper finds the potential of using 3D printing

technologies for the urban waste as most of the urban waste
is plastic and cast iron also suggest that the stakeholders
should focus on technical parts of recycling because many of
the process will be automated.
 In the methodology of this research, for the data collection
the participants in the focused group introduced subjectivity
and the number of samples of experts was small so its hard
to generalize while coming to the outcome of this research.

42. Nham, N.T.H., 2022. Making the circular economy digital or the digital
economy circular? Empirical evidence from the European region. Technology in Society, 70,
p.102023.

 This paper finds by analysing samples from 20 countries

in Europe that the countries are better capable of
transition to CE by consistently developing DTs and also
finds that once the circular level is high the CE becomes
digital.
 This paper suggests that in adopting CE with the help of
DTs the role of governments, global organizations and
industry associations ais vital and urge for the policy
makers to get a better understanding of digitalization for
the transition to CE.
 This paper finds out the importance of digital
collaboration platforms in networking and co-creation, as
the respondents were able to communicate with the
 consumers with the help of DTs and this paper suggests
to make the marketing strategy from one way
communication to two-way communication.

43. Kumar, N.M. and Chopra, S.S., 2022. Leveraging blockchain and smart
contract technologies to overcome circular economy implementation
challenges. Sustainability, 14(15), p.9492.

 This paper finds out the potential of blockchain contract

technologies in overcoming CE challenges and it can help
the CE business models by providing transparency in
supply chain networks.
 Along with the benefits of using blockchain In CE, this
paper shows that there are few challenges for
implementing that such, policy challenges, organizational
challenges, data privacy and security and management
challenges .
 This paper shows that having many blockchain platforms
its challenging to investigate their performance in the CE
application because only few platforms have smart
contracts and token development features.