Beepedia Monthly Current Affairs (Beepedia) May 2024

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
INDEX
RBI, Banking and Economy ___________________________________________ 2
SEBI and Financial Awareness _________________________________________ 13
NABARD and Agriculture ___________________________________________ 18
National __________________________________________________________ 21
International _____________________________________________________ 26
States____________________________________________________________ 33
Reports and Indexes _______________________________________________ 39
Science and Technology ___________________________________________ 53
Defence __________________________________________________________ 59
Events ___________________________________________________________ 65
Awards & Rewards ___________________________________________________ 69
Appointments _____________________________________________________ 72
Important Days ___________________________________________________ 75
Obituaries_________________________________________________________ 78
Books ___________________________________________________________
Sports ___________________________________________________________ 80
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Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
RBI, Banking and Economy

REC gets RBI nod to set up subsidiary in GIFT City, Gujarat
 REC Limited, a Maharatna CPSE under the Ministry of Power, received a ‘No Objection Certificate’
from the RBI on May 3, 2024, to establish a wholly owned subsidiary in the International Financial
Services Centre (IFSC), Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT), Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
 This expansion into GIFT City, a key financial hub in India, aligns with REC's strategy to diversify and
grow its portfolio.
 The new subsidiary will operate as a finance company within GIFT, engaging in lending, investment,
and other financial services.
 The initiative is expected to enhance REC's contributions to the energy sector's growth and further its
goals in India's power and infrastructure sectors.
Learn Along:
About REC Limited
 REC Limited, a Maharatna Central Public Sector Enterprise established in 1969, under Ministry of Power,
provides long-term loans and other finance products for Power-Infrastructure sector comprising Generation,
Transmission, Distribution, Renewable Energy and new technologies like Electric Vehicles, Battery Storage and
Green Hydrogen.
Learn Along:
About RBI
Founded: 1 April 1935 Headquarters: Mumbai Governor: Shaktikanta Das
RBI revises banks' capital market exposure norms for T+1 settlement
 The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) revised guidelines for custodian banks issuing Irrevocable Payment
Commitments (IPCs) in light of the T+1 settlement regime.
 Maximum intraday risk to custodian banks issuing IPCs is now capped at 30% of the settlement
amount, considered as capital market exposure (CME).
 The 30% risk limit is based on a projected 20% downward price movement in equities on T+1, with
an additional 10% margin for further potential price declines.
 Only custodian banks with agreements providing them an inalienable right over client securities for
payout are permitted to issue IPCs, unless transactions are pre-funded.
 IPC issuance requires clear rupee funds in customer accounts or credited foreign exchange funds in
the bank's nostro account.
 If margins are paid in cash or through permitted securities (mutual funds, FPIs), exposure is reduced
by the margin amount after accounting for a haircut.
 Under the T+1 settlement cycle, exposure will generally be intraday. If exposure remains outstanding
beyond T+1 Indian Standard Time, the bank must maintain capital based on outstanding CME.
 The RBI mandates that intraday CME exposure to counterparties adheres to limits under the Large
Exposure Framework.
RBI Eases FEMA Regulations
 Recently, the Reserve Bank of India has eased Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA)
regulations to facilitate foreign investment in derivatives.
 A derivative is a type of financial security that is set between two or more parties. Derivatives can take
many forms, from stock and bond derivatives to economic indicator derivatives.
 The recent amendments aim to facilitate margin management for trading in permitted derivatives, both
within and outside India.
 Foreign investors will find it easier to invest in derivative instruments following amendments to the
FEMA regulations by the RBI.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
Present Mechanism:
 RBI lists interest rate derivatives (interest rate swap, forward rate agreement, interest rate future and
foreign currency derivatives, foreign currency forward,
 currency swap and currency option) as permitted derivative contracts.
 Similarly in equity, four types of derivatives include forward contracts, futures contracts, options contracts
and swap contracts.
Recent Changes:
 Permission for Authorised Dealer (AD) to Allow Interest-Bearing Accounts: Authorised Dealer (AD) in
India can allow persons resident outside India to open, hold, and
 maintain interest-bearing accounts in Indian Rupees and/or foreign currency for collecting margin in India
for permitted derivative contracts.
 In the present mechanism also RBI has kept the permitted derivative contracts similar to the previous
provisions.
Benefits for Non-Residents:
 Non-residents can open and maintain interest-bearing accounts with ADs in India for margin-related
purposes, earning interest on these funds instead of keeping them idle.
 Having a dedicated account for margin requirements makes it easier for non-residents to manage their
margin obligations and funds related to permitted derivative contracts in India.
Learn Along:
Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999
 The legal framework for the administration of foreign exchange transactions in India is provided by the
Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999.
 Under the FEMA, all transactions involving foreign exchange have been classified either as capital or current
account transactions.
Domestically held gold reserves rose 40% in 5 yrs: RBI
 India's gold reserves surged by 40% from March 2019 to March 2024, with the Reserve Bank of India
(RBI) reporting a total of 822 metric tonnes (mt) of gold held as of March 2024, of which 408 mt were
held domestically.
 The total gold reserves increased by 34% during the same period, rising from 612 mt in March 2019.
 The share of gold in foreign exchange reserves grew from 7.37% in September 2023 to 8.15% by the
end of March 2024.
 India's foreign exchange reserves cover for imports increased to 11 months by the end of March
2024, up from 10.2 months in September 2023 and 9.3 months at the end of March 2023.
 This increase in import cover indicates a strengthening of reserve adequacy, vital for economic
stability.
 Forex reserves reached $641 billion by the end of March 2024, up from $578 billion a year earlier.
 The ratio of short-term debt (with original maturity) to reserves decreased from 22% in September
2023 to 20.3% by December 2023, reflecting an improvement in reserve management.
RBI to transfer ₹2,10,874 cr. surplus to Centre for FY24
 RBI’s board approved transfer of ₹2,10,874 crore as surplus to the Union government for 2023-24, a
record amount.
 This transfer is more than double the ₹87,416 crore transferred in FY23.
 The Board decided to increase the Contingent Risk Buffer (CRB) to 6.50% for 2023-24, up from 6%
in the previous year.
 The transferable surplus was determined based on the Economic Capital Framework (ECF) adopted
by the RBI on August 26, 2019.
 The larger dividend was due to higher RBI income from both domestic and foreign assets, increasing
the quantum of profits booked.
RBI launches PRAVAAH portal for online application, approval

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das launched the PRAVAAH portal, a new online platform for managing
regulatory applications and approvals, enhancing transparency and efficiency in regulatory
processes.
 The portal allows both individuals and entities to apply for authorizations and regulatory
approvals, as well as track and monitor the status of their applications.
 It features a centralized system where applicants can receive and respond to clarifications or queries
from the regulator, streamlining the interaction between stakeholders and the RBI.
 Alongside PRAVAAH, the RBI introduced a mobile application tied to the Retail Direct portal,
enabling individuals to directly transact in government securities.
 These initiatives are part of the RBI's efforts to digitalize its services, making financial transactions
and regulatory compliance more accessible and efficient for the public.
RBI’s income rises 17% to ₹2.75 lakh cr., spending falls 56%
 The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) reported a significant 17% increase in FY24 income to ₹2,75,572.32
crore, with expenditure decreasing by 56.3% to ₹64,694.33 crore compared to the previous fiscal
year.
 This reduction in expenditure contributed to a transferable surplus of ₹2,10,873.99 crore, a
substantial increase from ₹87,416.22 crore in FY23.
 Gains from foreign exchange transactions stood at ₹83,615.86 crore, while interest income from
foreign securities increased to ₹65,327.93 crore.
 The overall size of the RBI’s balance sheet expanded by 11%, reaching ₹70,47,703.21 crore, driven
by rises in foreign investments, gold holdings, and loans and advances.
 Asset composition shifted, with domestic assets making up 23.31% and foreign currency assets and
gold accounting for 76.69% of total assets in FY24.
 The RBI’s economic outlook for 2024-25 projects a real GDP growth of 7%, supported by strong
macroeconomic fundamentals and a balance of risks. It also highlighted potential global risks such as
geopolitical tensions and financial market volatility.
SBI acquires 6.125% stake in CCIL IFSC, strengthens presence in GIFT City
 State Bank of India (SBI) will acquire a 6.125% stake in CCIL IFSC Limited for ₹6.125 crore.
 CCIL IFSC will operate the foreign currency settlement system and act as a clearing house at the
International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) in GIFT City, Gujarat.
 The company will have an authorised capital of ₹200 crore and a paid-up capital of ₹100 crore.
 Transaction involves acquiring 61.25 lakh equity shares at ₹10 each, expected to complete within six
months.
 Clearing Corporation of India Ltd (CCIL) is promoting CCIL IFSC and will hold a 57.125% stake.
 At the group level, SBI has a 21.30% stake in CCIL (SBI: 16.80%, SBI-DFHI: 4.50%).
Learn Along:
About SBI
Chairperson: Dinesh Kumar Khara Founded: 1 July 1955 Headquarters: Mumbai
Indian Manufacturing Needs Product Sophistication
 Finance Minister emphasized the need for the Indian manufacturing sector to focus on developing
sophisticated products, with government policy support available.
Current Status:
 Manufacturing contributes 17% of India’s GDP and employs over 27.3 million workers.
 Government aims to increase manufacturing’s contribution to 25% of GDP by 2025
 Significant sectors: automotive, engineering, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, consumer durables.
 Manufacturing exports hit a record USD 447.46 billion in FY23, showing 6.03% growth.
 Key industrial sectors experienced a slowdown in January 2024, with growth slipping to 3.6%.

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May 2024
 Index of Industrial Production (IIP) from April-October 2023 stood at 143.5, indicating 43.5% growth
compared to the base year.
 Capacity utilization in manufacturing increased to 68.3% in Q2 (2021-22) from 60.0%.
 Sectors like Drugs and Pharmaceuticals (+46%), Food Processing Industries (+26%), and Medical
Appliances (+91%) saw increased FDI inflows.
 Total employment in the sector rose from 57 million (2017-18) to 62.4 million (2019-20).
Opportunities:
 Broad domestic market and demand.
 PMI in May 2024: 58.8, indicating expansion.
 Sectoral advantages in chemicals, pharmaceuticals, automotive, electronics, industrial machinery,
textiles.
 Pharmaceutical manufacturing costs 30%–35% lower than in the US and Europe.
 Shift in Global Value Chains (GVC) from Europe to Asia, presenting opportunities.
 MSMEs contribute about 30% to GDP and nearly 45% of India’s total exports.
 Potential for manufacturing sector to reach USD 1 trillion by 2025.
Government Policy:
 Make in India 2.0
 PLI schemes
 Liberalized FDI
 Start-up India
 Atmanirbhar Bharat Campaign
 Special Economic Zones
 MSME Innovative Scheme
 Ease of Doing Business
 GST and reduction in corporate tax
Challenges:
 Outdated technology and inadequate infrastructure.
 Shortage of skilled workforce: Only 24% of India’s workforce possesses required skills.
 High input cost: Logistics costs in India are 14% higher than the global average.
 Complex regulatory environment and land acquisition issues.
 Competition from China: China accounts for a significant portion of India’s imports in textiles,
machinery, and electronics.
 China’s dominance: Nearly 30% of global manufacturing output.
Way Forward:
 Adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies to achieve 25% share in GDP.
 Increased investment in infrastructure and reduction in logistics costs.
 Promote export-oriented manufacturing and provide financial assistance to MSMEs.
 Simplify regulations and emphasize skill development.
 Learn from Vietnam’s success in becoming a global manufacturing hub.
Four European Union Banks Seek RBI Nod for Clearing Model
 Four major European banks—Credit Agricole, Societe Generale, Deutsche Bank, and BNP Paribas—
are requesting the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to allow a third-party clearing model for trading
Indian government bonds and derivatives following the withdrawal of Clearing Corporation of India’s
(CCIL) recognition by the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA).
 The conflict arose when RBI denied ESMA the rights to audit and inspect CCIL, leading to ESMA
revoking CCIL’s recognition in October 2022, potentially barring European banks from dealing with it
post-October 2024.
 The proposed third-party transaction model suggests that transactions could be settled through
prominent Indian banks like State Bank of India and ICICI Bank, aiming to maintain the flow of foreign
capital and ensure compliance with European regulations.
Learn Along:

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 ESMA, established in 2011, plays a pivotal role in the EU’s financial regulatory framework, focusing on ensuring
the stability, integrity, and transparency of financial markets and enhancing investor protection across the EU.
Moody’s pegs Indian economy’s growth for FY25 at 6.6%
 Moody's Ratings forecasts a 6.6% GDP growth for India in fiscal year 2024-25 (FY25), with a
subsequent growth prediction of 6.2% for FY26.
 The projected growth is driven by strong credit demand and robust economic activity, benefiting the
non-bank finance companies (NBFCs) sector despite rising funding costs.
 Loan growth at NBFCs is expected to be robust, around 15% over the next 12 to 18 months,
mitigating the impact of higher funding costs on profitability and helping maintain asset quality even as
customer debt burdens rise due to increased interest rates.
 Key sectors for NBFC lending include infrastructure financing by large government-owned NBFCs and
loans to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
 The RBI's growth projection for the same period is higher at 7%, aligning with estimates from the Asian
Development Bank (ADB) and Fitch Ratings, while S&P Global Ratings and Morgan Stanley anticipate a
6.8% growth rate.
 Deloitte's forecast aligns with Moody's at 6.6%, driven by consumption expenditure, exports rebound,
and capital flows, but also notes concerns about inflation and geopolitical uncertainties.
 Post RBI's decision in December 2023 to increase the risk weight, growth in unsecured retail loans is
expected to slow, affecting both banks and NBFCs.
 The top 20 NBFCs in India, often government-owned or part of large corporate groups, are noted for
their strong market positions and specialization in specific types of loans such as housing or commercial
vehicle financing. This ownership structure provides stability in funding during economically stressful
times.
To know about Real & Nominal GDP,Click here: https://youtu.be/C6yobOawdGI?si=6lSikpREu03Hh6RC
Regional Economic Outlook for Asia And Pacific Report: IMF
 IMF's Regional Economic Outlook for Asia And Pacific Report (April 2024) highlights India's positive
growth surprises due to resilient domestic demand and public investment.
 Asia-Pacific Growth: Exceeded expectations at 5.0% in late 2023; projected to slow to 4.5% in 2024
due to balancing near-term risks and strong private demand in emerging markets.
 India’s Growth Forecast: Raised to 6.8% for 2024-25 from 6.5%; remains at 6.5% for 2025-26. India's
growth supported by resilient domestic demand and significant public investment.
 China’s Growth Forecast: Expected to grow at 4.6% in 2024, down from 5.2% in 2023; projected at
4.1% for 2025. China faces both upside and downside risks, with policies addressing property sector
stress and boosting domestic demand.
 Inflation Forecast: Currently near desired levels in emerging markets, with core inflation expected to
stay low. Headline inflation may decrease due to lower energy prices, but food prices, especially rice in
India, could increase headline inflation.
 Geoeconomic Fragmentation: Identified as a significant risk due to increasing economic and trade
tensions, impacting global growth and stability. Policymakers advised to avoid aggravating trade
frictions.
Public Investment in India:
 Public Investment: Allocation of government funds to critical sectors like infrastructure, education,
healthcare, and technology, crucial for economic growth.
 Infrastructure Development: Essential for building and maintaining roads, highways, railways, ports,
airports, and power plants. Estimated USD 4.5 trillion needed by 2030.
 Job Creation and Poverty Alleviation: Public investment in infrastructure and social welfare schemes
like MGNREGA creates employment and reduces poverty.
 Human Capital Development: Investment in education, healthcare, and skill development builds a
skilled workforce, essential for sustained growth.

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May 2024
 Crowding-in Private Investment: Public investment creates a favorable environment for private
investment by reducing business costs and enhancing productivity.
Sunrise Sectors in India Seeking Public Investments:
 Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS): Mitigates greenhouse gas emissions; needs more
public investment in R&D.
 Cybersecurity and Data Protection: Enhances cybersecurity infrastructure and data protection
frameworks; requires public investment.
 Biotechnology and Precision Medicine: Investment in genomics, synthetic biology, and precision
medicine for healthcare advancements.
 Circular Economy and Waste Management: Requires infrastructure for waste collection, recycling,
and resource recovery.
 Blue Economy and Marine Research: Investment in marine research, sustainable ocean exploration,
and sectors like offshore wind energy and coastal tourism.
Learn along:
About IMF:
 International Monetary Fund (IMF): Provides financial assistance and advice to member countries. Established
during the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944.
 Objectives: Foster global monetary cooperation, ensure financial stability, facilitate international trade, and
promote sustainable growth and employment.
 India's Role: Founding member since 1945, holds 2.75% SDR quota and 2.63% votes. SDR part of India's Foreign
Exchange Reserves (FER).
 Significance: IMF assistance has helped India in times of economic crisis and natural calamities, and supports the
independence of the Indian rupee.
Airbus Helicopters, SIDBI sign MoU for helicopter financing
 Airbus Helicopters and SIDBI signed an MoU for financing the purchase of Airbus helicopters in India.
 The MoU aims to identify potential civil helicopter operators in India interested in financing solutions.
 Airbus will provide technical and industry knowledge, while SIDBI will evaluate prospects and finance
them exclusively for Airbus.
 This initiative is expected to open new avenues for financing MSMEs in the helicopter segment.
 The MoU aims to make civil helicopters more accessible to operators in India, as stated by Sunny
Guglani, Head of Airbus Helicopters, India and South Asia.
Learn Along:
SIDBI, set up on 2nd April 1990 under an Act of Indian Parliament, acts as the Principal Financial Institution for
Promotion, Financing and Development of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) sector as well as
for co-ordination of functions of institutions engaged in similar activities.
Bank of Maharashtra tops among PSU banks in business growth in FY24
 Bank of Maharashtra (BoM) recorded the highest growth rate in total business (15.94%) and deposit
mobilization (15.66%) among PSBs in FY24.
 State Bank of India (SBI) followed with 13.12% growth in total business and 11.07% in deposits.
 BoM's total business was ₹4,74,411 crore, while SBI's was ₹79,52,784 crore.
 Top PSBs in deposit growth: BoM (15.66%), SBI (11.07%), Bank of India (11.05%), Canara Bank
(10.98%).
 BoM led in CASA deposits with 52.73% growth, followed by Central Bank of India at 50.02%.
 Loan growth leaders: UCO Bank (16.38%), BoM (16.30%), SBI (16.26%).
 Lowest gross NPAs: BoM (1.88%), SBI (2.24%).
 Lowest net NPAs: BoM (0.2%), Indian Bank (0.43%).
 Highest capital adequacy ratio: BoM (17.38%), Indian Overseas Bank (17.28%), Punjab & Sind Bank
(17.16%).
YES BANK launches YES Grandeur

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 YES BANK launched YES Grandeur, an exclusive banking program for India’s Emerging Affluent
segment.
 This segment is expected to grow 2.3 times over the next decade (BCG CCI Proprietary Income
Model).
 Indian middle class nearly doubling to 61% by 2046-47 (PRICE Report).
 Rising incomes and the expansion of middle-class and high-income segments will reshape future
consumption.
 YES Grandeur targets affluent customers seeking personalized services that complement their
lifestyle.
 Eligibility: Average Monthly Balance (AMB) of ₹5 Lakh or Net Relationship Value (NRV) of ₹20 Lakh;
loan relationships also considered.
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About Yes Bank
Headquarters: Mumbai Non-Executive,Part-time Chairman: Mr. Rama Subramaniam Gandhi
Food inflation surges to four-month high in April
 Retail inflation rate in India remained stable at 4.83% in April, similar to 4.85% in March.
 Food inflation hit a four-month high of 8.7% in April, up from 8.5% in March, with rural areas
experiencing a slightly higher increase at 8.75%.
 There is a notable disparity between urban and rural inflation rates, with rural households seeing a
5.43% increase compared to urban households' slight change from 4.14% to 4.11%.
 Month-on-month, price levels rose by about 0.5%; urban consumers saw a sharper rise in food prices
by 1.03%, while the rise was 0.59% for rural consumers.
 The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) forecasts retail inflation to average 4.5% for the current year, down
from 5.4% in the previous year, with expectations for the current quarter (April to June) at about 4.9%.
 No expected changes in monetary policy until inflation consistently reaches the RBI’s target of 4%, as
emphasized by RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das.
 Despite the rise in food prices, the headline inflation rate slightly declined in April, helped by a larger
drop in fuel and light prices by 4.2% and mildly lower inflation in other categories like clothing, footwear,
and housing.
HDFC Bank unveils PIXEL range of digital credit cards
 HDFC Bank introduced ‘PIXEL’, a digital card range for customers with digital fluency and distinct
financial behaviors.
 PIXEL offers seamless app-based issuance, complete digital lifecycle management, user engagement,
and digital servicing.
 PIXEL is available in two variants: PIXEL Play and PIXEL Go.
Learn Along:
About HDFC Bank
CEO: Sashidhar Jagdishan Founded: August 1994 Headquarters: Mumbai
YES BANK and EBANX agree strategic partnership to empower cross-border commerce in India
 YES BANK, an Indian lender, has formed a strategic partnership with EBANX, a payment solutions
provider specializing in emerging markets, to enhance cross-border payment processing and expand
global commerce opportunities in India.
 The collaboration combines EBANX's expertise in international payments with YES BANK's digital
capabilities to provide global merchants with seamless access to scalable payment solutions aligned
with the latest regulatory guidelines.

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May 2024
 The partnership offers a variety of local payment methods, including the Unified Payments Interface
(UPI), aiming to help merchants tap into one of the world’s fastest-growing economies and its expanding
digital payments landscape.
 This alliance aligns with a vision to broaden the spectrum of digital financial services and enhance
India’s payment acceptance capabilities for global commerce.
Learn Along:
About Yes Bank
Headquarters: Mumbai Non-Executive,Part-time Chairman: Mr. Rama Subramaniam Gandhi
Founded: 2004
SBI becomes first trading, clearing member bank at IIBX
 State Bank of India (SBI) became the first bank to join the India International Bullion Exchange
(IIBX) as a trading-cum-clearing (TCM) member.
 This involvement marks a transformative change in India’s bullion market, enhancing transparency,
efficiency, and accessibility in bullion trading.
Learn Along:
About SBI
Chairperson: Dinesh Kumar Khara Founded: 1 July 1955 Headquarters: Mumbai
ICICI Bank enables NRI customers to use international mobile number to make UPI payments in
India
 ICICI Bank enables NRI customers to use their international mobile number for instant UPI
payments in India.
 This facility enhances convenience for NRI customers, allowing them to pay for utility bills, merchant,
and e-commerce transactions with their NRE/NRO bank account.
 The service is accessible through iMobile Pay, the bank's mobile banking app.
Learn Along:
About ICICI Bank
Founded: 1994 Headquarters: Mumbai Non-Executive (part-time) Chairman: Mr. Girish Chandra
Chaturvedi
Public sector banks' total profit crosses ₹1.4 lakh crore in FY24
 Public sector banks' cumulative profit crossed ₹1.4 lakh crore in FY24, growing 35% from the
previous year's ₹1.04 lakh crore.
 State Bank of India (SBI) contributed over 40% of the total profit with ₹61,077 crore, a 22% increase
from the previous year.
 Punjab National Bank had the highest net profit growth at 228% to ₹8,245 crore, followed by Union
Bank of India (62% to ₹13,649 crore) and Central Bank of India (61% to ₹2,549 crore).
 Bank of Baroda and Canara Bank reported annual profits exceeding ₹10,000 crore.
 Only Punjab & Sind Bank reported a profit decline of 55%, dropping to ₹595 crore.
 The turnaround from losses in FY18 to record profits in FY24 is due to government reforms, including the
4R strategy: Recognising NPAs, Resolution and recovery, Recapitalising PSBs, and Reforms.
India received over $111 billion in remittances in 2022, first country to ever reach that figure: U.N.
 India received over $111 billion in remittances in 2022, making it the largest recipient globally and
the first country to surpass the $100 billion mark in remittances, as reported by the International
Organisation for Migration (IOM).
 The top five remittance recipient countries in 2022 were India, Mexico, China, the Philippines, and
France, with India leading significantly.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Southern Asia, particularly India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, receives substantial remittance inflows,
highlighting the importance of labor migration from the region.
 India's position as a top recipient has been consistent over the years, being the highest in 2010, 2015,
and 2020, with continuous growth leading to the milestone in 2022.
 The IOM's report also notes that migrant workers from these countries face risks such as financial
exploitation and workplace abuses.
 India not only leads in receiving remittances but is also the origin of the largest number of
international migrants, with significant diasporas in the UAE, the USA, and Saudi Arabia.
 The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) States, where migrants comprise a high percentage of the
population, are major destinations for workers from the subregion.
 The dynamics of global migration also reflect in changing patterns, such as China experiencing a
contraction in remittance flows due to demographic shifts and strict COVID-19 policies.
 India is involved in some of the top international country-to-country migration corridors, demonstrating its
significant role in global migration patterns.
 The report highlights the severe impacts of the pandemic on Indian migrant workers, especially those
who are low-skilled or undocumented, facing job losses and deepened financial insecurity.
Zeta launches digital credit as service for banks in India
 Zeta, a global provider of next-gen banking technology, has launched its Digital Credit as a Service at
its event, Democratizing Credit 2024.
 This service is supported by the NPCI’s Credit Line on UPI scheme, aiming to boost credit issuance in
India using the UPI network.
 Zeta projects the transaction volume of this scheme to surpass $1 trillion by 2030 and plans to capture
50% of this market opportunity.
 The service allows banks to quickly develop and deploy various credit products such as EMI loans,
merchant loans, and agricultural loans.
Zeta’s offering includes:
 Pre-integrated systems for rapid deployment (origination, issuance, collection).
 Pre-bundled services to minimize operational costs (customer service, operations).
 Out-of-the-box capabilities for operations, compliance, and regulatory reporting.
 Process consulting support to integrate Credit Lines on UPI with existing bank systems.
 End-to-end program management to assist banks throughout the implementation process.
 The service is powered by Zeta’s cloud-native, next-gen core banking and payments platform,
enhancing digital management from originations to collections.
Learn Along:
About UPI
 Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is a system that powers multiple bank accounts into a single mobile application
(of any participating bank), merging several banking features, seamless fund routing & merchant payments
into one hood.
 It also caters to the “Peer to Peer” collect request which can be scheduled and paid as per requirement and
convenience.
 NPCI conducted a pilot launch with 21 member banks. The pilot launch was on 11th April 2016 by Dr. Raghuram
G Rajan, Governor, RBI at Mumbai.
Fi Secured NBFC License From RBI: Expanding Financial Services Offerings
 Fi, a neobanking startup, has been granted an NBFC license by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI),
enabling it to issue loans directly from its own books.
 This licensing aligns with a broader trend among fintech companies to acquire NBFC licenses for
direct lending and asset base development.
 Founded in 2019 by former Google executives Narayanan and Gwalani, Fi offers services including
zero-balance savings accounts, investments, and payments.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 The acquisition of the NBFC license marks a significant expansion for Fi, allowing it to engage in
independent lending.
 The move to secure NBFC licenses by fintechs is partly in response to the RBI's stringent regulations on
online credit distribution.
 Fi's growth and venture into lending are supported by substantial equity capital from prominent
investors such as Ribbit Capital, Alpha Wave Global, and Temasek, totaling over $160 million.
 Despite the RBI's openness to issuing lending licenses to fintech firms, companies like Fi face
challenges in meeting regulatory requirements, similar to other fintech entities like One Card and Uni
Cards.
HDFC Life Introduces “No Jhanjhat Life Insurance Fatafat” Campaign: Revolutionizing Insurance
Purchase Experience
 HDFC Life launches the "No Jhanjhat Life Insurance Fatafat" campaign, focusing on simplifying and
speeding up the life insurance purchase process through its online platform.
 The campaign addresses India's low insurance penetration and significant protection gap by
promoting an easy-to-use digital solution.
 The advertisement highlights a seamless online experience, eliminating the need for onerous
paperwork and reducing wait times through the use of advanced technology.
 Innovative features like customizable plans (e.g., Click2Achieve) and rapid quotes aim to enhance
accessibility and convenience, making it easier for customers to understand and buy insurance online.
 HDFC Life's initiative aligns with its broader mission of "Insurance for All by 2047", aiming to extend
financial security to more individuals across India via its digital platform, which supports purchasing and
servicing insurance anytime.
Mining Sector Registers Record Production in FY 2023-24
 The index of mineral production for March 2024 was 156.1, marking a 1.2% increase compared to
March 2023.
 For FY 2023-24, there was a 7.5% increase in the index over the previous fiscal year.
 Notable growth in non-fuel minerals such as Copper Concentrate, Gold, Manganese Ore, and
Limestone was recorded in March 2024.
 Iron ore and limestone production, which constitute about 80% of total MCDR mineral production by
value, showed significant increases; iron ore grew by 7.4% to 277 million metric tons and limestone by
10.7% to 450 million metric tons in FY 2023-24.
 In the non-ferrous metal sector, primary Aluminium production rose by 2.1%, reaching 41.59 lakh
tons in FY 2023-24.
 India ranks as the 2nd largest Aluminium producer, 3rd largest lime producer, and 4th largest iron
ore producer globally.
 The growth in key mineral productions reflects robust demand in steel, cement, and other user
industries, indicating strong economic activity in sectors such as energy, infrastructure, and
automotive.
April’s gross GST takings power past ₹2.1 lakh cr. in new record
 India's gross Goods and Services Tax (GST) revenues reached a record ₹2.1 lakh crore in April,
marking a 12.4% growth year-on-year.
 Post-refund net GST collection for April was ₹1.92 lakh crore, a 15.5% increase from April 2023.
 Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman attributed this performance to strong economic momentum and
efficient tax collections, highlighting that there were no pending IGST settlements to states.
 The growth in GST revenues was supported by a 13.4% increase from domestic transactions and an
8.3% rise from goods imports.
 GST compensation cess collections also reached an all-time high at ₹13,260 crore, with ₹1,008 crore
from imports, primarily used to repay loans taken during the pandemic.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Despite a record spike in April, experts anticipate that GST revenues might moderate in future months.
 Revenue performance varied across states, with four states experiencing a contraction in revenue
and others like Jharkhand, Uttarakhand, and Tamil Nadu seeing below-average growth.
OECD raises India’s FY25 GDP growth projection to 6.6%
 The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has increased its 2024-25
GDP growth forecast for India to 6.6%, citing buoyant public investment and improved business
confidence as key drivers.
 GDP growth globally is projected to remain steady at 3.1% in 2024, with a slight increase to 3.2% in
2025, influenced by stronger real income growth and lower policy interest rates.
 In India, growth will be primarily driven by gross capital formation, particularly in the public sector,
while private consumption is expected to remain sluggish. Exports, especially in services like
information technology and consulting, are expected to grow, supported by foreign investment.
 The OECD has noted the need for fiscal consolidation in India due to high public debt levels, which
could restrict private investment. However, this is expected to be only partially offset by a rise in private
investment as business confidence improves.
 Household consumption in India is not anticipated to pick up significantly due to disappointing job
creation, underwhelming rural performance, and tight financial conditions.
 Downside risks for India's growth include potential new supply chain disruptions, persistent food
inflation, and negative impacts from global financial market fluctuations. Conversely, potential upside
factors include strengthening consumer purchasing power from ongoing disinflation, which could
enhance household consumption, business investment, and job creation.
 The OECD report also anticipates the possibility of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) beginning to cut
the policy rate in late 2024, with potential reductions totaling up to 125 basis points by March 2026,
contingent on a normal monsoon season and stable inflation expectations.
India Ratings raises FY25 GDP growth view to 7.1%
 India Ratings and Research upgraded the GDP growth forecast for FY25 to 7.1% from 6.5%, driven
by strong government capital expenditure and improved balance sheets in corporations and banks.
 Despite challenges from limited consumption demand and exports, the economic outlook is positive.
 Private consumption is projected to increase at a three-year high of 7%, up from 3% last year,
influenced by an above-normal monsoon forecast, enhancing rural consumption.
Understand GDP (In English): https://youtu.be/WRoHNuQQV48?si=g3GJUbSwJymrl-YY

Understand GDP (In Hindi): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H2qffIelXNM
India, Nigeria to increase cooperation in energy, UPI, local currency settlement to enhance
economic ties
 India and Nigeria are focusing on enhancing economic cooperation in sectors such as crude oil,
natural gas, pharmaceuticals, UPI, local currency settlement systems, and the power sector.
 Discussions were held during a recent visit by a seven-member Indian delegation to Nigeria, led by
Amardeep Singh Bhatia, Additional Secretary, Department of Commerce.
 Areas for boosting bilateral trade and investment identified include market access, renewable energy,
agriculture and food processing, education, transport, railway, aviation, and MSMEs.
 An agreement on Local Currency Settlement System is in advanced stages, aiming to strengthen
economic ties.
 Nigeria is India’s second-largest trading partner in Africa, although bilateral trade dropped to $7.89
billion in 2023-24 from $11.8 billion in 2022-23.
 Approximately 135 Indian companies have invested a total of $27 billion across various sectors in
Nigeria.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
SEBI and FINANCIAL AWARENESS

SEBI board approves changes to mutual fund regulations
 The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is mandating Asset Management Companies
(AMCs) to establish an institutional mechanism to prevent potential market abuses, including front-
running.
 This directive follows recent instances of front-running observed by SEBI, leading to amendments in the
SEBI (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996 to strengthen the regulatory framework.
 The required mechanism includes enhanced surveillance systems, internal control procedures, and
escalation processes to identify and address misconduct such as front-running, insider trading, and
misuse of sensitive information.
 SEBI's enhancements also aim to increase the responsibility and accountability of AMCs, ensuring
they maintain transparency by implementing a whistleblower mechanism.
Learn Along:
About SEBI
 The Securities and Exchange Board of India was established as a statutory body in the year 1992 and the
provisions of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (15 of 1992) came into force on January 30,
1992. Chairperson: Ms. Madhabi Puri Buch Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra
Thomas Cook India launched TCPay, shares rise 2.26%
 Thomas Cook (India) Limited launched TCPay, a service simplifying international money transfers,
leading to a 2.26% increase in its shares.
 TCPay offers a digital interface for paperless transactions, overcoming the need for branch visits,
paperwork, and limited operating hours.
 Enhanced by Thomas Cook’s Video KYC process, TCPay allows customers to transfer funds
conveniently from their homes.
 Advantages include 24x7 access, transfers, and a digital interface through Thomas Cook’s digital tools
such as FXNOW, Portal, and Call Center.
 The launch of TCPay reflects Thomas Cook India Group’s focus on digital-first innovation and
customer-centricity, aiming to maximize market share in the high potential segment.
IREDA incorporates "IREDA Global Green Energy Finance IFSC Limited” in GIFT City, Gujarat
 The Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd. (IREDA) has launched a new subsidiary,
"IREDA Global Green Energy Finance IFSC Limited", in the International Financial Services
Centre (IFSC) at GIFT City, Gujarat.
 The subsidiary was incorporated on 7th May 2024, following approval from the Reserve Bank of India
on 8th February 2024.
 This move marks a significant step in utilizing innovative green financing techniques and expanding
IREDA’s global reach.
 The subsidiary serves as an offshore platform for obtaining competitive funding, crucial for supporting
the growth of the renewable energy sector and achieving India's 'Panchamrit' targets for energy
sustainability.
 The establishment of IREDA in IFSC is expected to open new business opportunities and set a global
footprint in the renewable energy market.
 This strategic initiative is aimed at enhancing access to innovative financing options and fostering
partnerships with international investors to promote renewable energy projects both in India and
internationally.
Learn Along:
About IREDA
 IREDA is a Public Limited Government Company established as a Non-Banking Financial Institution in 1987.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 IREDA has been notified as a “Public Financial Institution” under section 4 ‘A’ of the Companies Act, 1956
and registered as Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) with Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
 Chairman and Managing Director: Pradip Kumar Das Headquarters: New Delhi, India
GTRI Report: India s Toy Exports Slip To $152.34 Million In 2023-24
 India's toy exports decreased slightly to USD 152.34 million in fiscal year 2023-24, compared to USD
153.89 million in the previous fiscal year, indicating a minor setback in growth despite quality control
measures.
 Toy imports increased to USD 64.92 million in 2023-24 from USD 62.37 million the previous year,
highlighting challenges in reducing trade deficits in this sector.
 The Global Trade Research Initiative (GTRI) suggests a comprehensive industrial development
strategy to promote growth and boost exports in India's toy industry.
 Enhancing the domestic ecosystem and attracting global toy companies to establish manufacturing
bases in India are recommended to strengthen the industry.
 Learning from China's successful toy industry model, India is advised to invest in R&D for enhancing
innovation in toy design and functionality to increase global competitiveness.
 Establishing specialized toy manufacturing hubs in India could significantly reduce costs and
improve efficiency, boosting the sector's competitiveness.
 Modernizing traditional Indian toys to maintain cultural value while appealing to global markets is seen as
a potential strategy for unique product offerings.
 Promotion and marketing initiatives, including supporting SMEs in online marketing and international
fair participation, are crucial for expanding global presence and enhancing exports.
 Encouraging international toy giants like Hasbro, Mattel, and Lego to set up production facilities in India
could potentially transform India into a key player in global toy production.
 Reducing dependency on imports by developing local production capabilities for essential toy-making
materials and components is emphasized to improve the self-sufficiency of the Indian toy industry.
90% funds for FAME-II used until deadline
 90% of the allocated funds for the FAME-II scheme were utilized by the central government to promote
electric vehicles (EVs) in India, spending ₹10,253 crore out of ₹11,500 crore.
 The scheme supported 1.5 million vehicles over five years, with funds partly reserved for vehicles sold
before the deadline but yet to claim incentives.
 Highest fund utilization was in the electric three-wheeler (e3W) category, with 100% of the ₹991
crore allocation used.
 In the electric bus category, 94% of the funds were utilized, and in electric two-wheelers (e2Ws),
90% of the funds were used.
 Lowest utilization was seen in the electric four-wheeler (e4W) category, with only 64% of funds
used. Additionally, ₹633 crore was spent on EV chargers.
 New targets were set after funds for e2Ws and e4Ws were exhausted, raising the scheme's budget from
₹10,000 crore to ₹11,500 crore in October 2023.
 A new scheme, the Electric Mobility Promotion Scheme (EMPS) 2024, was announced in March with a
budget of ₹500 crore to further boost e2W and e3W sales.
 EV sales in FY24 increased by over 41%, with registrations surpassing 1.6 million, raising the overall EV
penetration to 6.8% from 5.3% the previous year, despite subsidy cuts.
Learn Along:
About FAME I and II
 Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid &) Electric Vehicles in India (FAME-India) Scheme is launched
under National Mission on Electric Mobility in 2011/ National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020, unveiled in 2013.
 The scheme aims to encourage progressive induction of reliable, affordable and efficient electric and hybrid
vehicles (xEV).

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 The First Phase of the scheme was initially approved for a period of 2 years, commencing from 1st April, 2015.
The Scheme has been extended from time to time, with the last extension allowed for a period up to 31st
March 2019 .
 It is under the frame work of Demand Incentive Disbursement Mechanism.Incentive amount has been determined
for each category of vehicle like Mild Hybrid, Strong Hybrid, Plug-in Hybrid and Pure Electric technologies
and battery specification.
 It is implemented and monitored by National Automotive Board under D/o Heavy Industry. It is one of the
DBT schemes categorized under in-kind mode.
 Government has approved Phase-II of FAME Scheme with an outlay of Rs. 10,000 Crore for a period of 3 years
commencing from 1st April 2019.
 This phase aims to generate demand by way of supporting 7000 Electric Buses (e-bus), 5 lakh Electric Three
Wheelers (e-3W), 55000 Electric Four Wheeler Passenger Cars (including Strong Hybrid) (e-4W)and 10 lakh
Electric Two Wheelers (e-2W).
NPCI’s global arm to develop UPI-like system for Namibia
 NPCI International Payments Ltd. (NIPL), the international division of the National Payments
Corporation of India (NPCI), has entered into an agreement with the Bank of Namibia to assist in
developing an instant payment system similar to India's Unified Payment Interface (UPI) for Namibia.
 This partnership aims to modernize Namibia's financial ecosystem by leveraging the technology and
expertise developed through India's UPI system.
 Such international collaborations highlight the expansion of Indian digital payment systems globally,
it underscores India’s role in influencing global financial technology and cooperation.
Learn Along:
About NPCI
 National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), an umbrella organisation for operating retail payments and
settlement systems in India, is an initiative of Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and Indian Banks’ Association
(IBA) under the provisions of the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007, for creating a robust Payment &
Settlement Infrastructure in India.
 MD & CEO: Mr. Dilip Asbe
YES Bank And ANQ Launch Virtual RuPay Credit Cards On UPI
 YES Bank has partnered with ANQ, a Bengaluru-based financial services provider, to launch two co-
branded credit cards, Pi and Phi.
 This partnership aims to integrate traditional banking with the fintech industry, enhancing consumer
access to innovative solutions.
 The YES Bank-ANQ Pi credit card is a digital-only card, unique for offering credit on UPI for domestic
transactions, emphasizing convenience and security.
 The card also supports domestic and international purchases with a physical card option, providing
flexibility in spending.
 YES Bank, established in Mumbai, operates as a full-service commercial bank.
 ANQ specializes in digital banking and leverages Decentralised Finance (DeFi) to provide advanced
financial services.
Learn Along:
About Yes Bank
Headquarters: Mumbai Non-Executive,Part-time Chairman: Mr. Rama Subramaniam Gandhi Founded:
2004
Govt will receive 30% more dividend from public sector banks in FY24
 Government to receive 30% more dividends from public sector banks (PSBs) in FY24 compared to
FY23 due to strong financial performance.
 PSBs to pay ₹18,013 crore in dividends to the government in FY24, up from ₹13,804 crore in FY23.
 10 out of 12 PSBs have declared dividends.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
Top four PSBs paying high dividends:

 State Bank of India (SBI): ₹13.70 per equity share, contributing 39% of total PSB dividends.
 Bank of Baroda (BoB): ₹7.60 per equity share, contributing 14% of total PSB dividends.
 Canara Bank: ₹16.10 per equity share, contributing 10% of total PSB dividends.
 Indian Bank: ₹12 per equity share, contributing 7% of total PSB dividends.
 PSBs' net profit grew by 37% y-o-y to ₹1,41,203 crore in FY24.
 SBI's dividend increase from ₹11.3 in FY23 to ₹13.70 in FY24, highest among PSBs.
 BoB's dividend increase from ₹5.50 in FY23 to ₹7.60 in FY24, second highest among PSBs.
 Canara Bank's dividend increase from ₹12 in FY23 to ₹16.10 in FY24.
 Indian Bank's dividend increase from ₹8.60 in FY23 to ₹12 in FY24.
 ICRA revised banking sector outlook to "Stable" from "Positive," citing moderation in credit growth
and profitability metrics but still healthy.
 Expected loan book growth of 11.7-12.5% in FY25 compared to 16.3% in FY24.
 Healthy earnings expected to meet regulatory and growth capital requirements for most banks.
India’s Target of USD 1 Trillion Goods Exports by 2030
 The Commerce Ministry is identifying infrastructure, sectors, and clusters to help India reach a USD 1
trillion merchandise exports target by 2030 amidst new sustainability challenges posed by laws like
the EU's Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD).
 India's merchandise exports grew from USD 314 billion in 2013-14 to USD 451 billion in 2022-23, with
the U.S. and UAE as key markets. Despite growth, India’s trade deficit doubled, exceeding USD 50
billion in 2022-23.
 Emerging sustainability hurdles for Indian exports include stricter environmental regulations,
consumer demand for sustainable products, supply chain transparency requirements, and carbon pricing
mechanisms.
 The CSDDD requires companies to ensure their supply chains adhere to strict environmental
regulations, which could impact Indian exporters significantly, particularly in sectors like textiles and
heavy industries.
 India's major exports to the EU, such as iron, steel, and aluminum, face risks from EU tariffs that could
increase costs by 20 to 35%, and stringent due diligence practices that add to operational costs.
 Potential exclusion from the EU market for non-compliance with CSDDD standards poses a serious
threat to India's export competitiveness, especially as India lacks a domestic carbon pricing scheme.
 To address these challenges, India needs to integrate more into Global Value Chains (GVCs), boost
infrastructure, and potentially implement a reciprocal export tax as strategic responses.
 Government initiatives like the Trade Infrastructure for Export Scheme (TIES), PM Gati Shakti Plan,
and Duty Drawback Scheme aim to support export growth and address infrastructural needs to manage
the expected increase in trade volume by 2030.
₹ 500 note now 86.5% of currency in circulation by value
 During the fiscal year 2023-24, the value and volume of banknotes in circulation increased by 3.9%
and 7.8% respectively, compared to increases of 7.8% in value and 4.4% in volume during the previous
year, as reported by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
 The share of the ₹500 banknote in the total currency in circulation surged significantly,
accounting for 86.5% of the value as of March 31, 2024, up from 60.8% in March 2020 and 77.1% in
March 2023.
 In contrast, the share of the ₹2,000 banknote declined to just 0.2% at the end of FY23, indicating a
sharp decrease in its circulation.
 The RBI noted a strategic reduction in high-value ₹2,000 banknotes, aligning with their gradual
withdrawal from circulation, while the proportion of ₹500 banknotes has increased markedly.
 These changes in currency composition reflect the RBI's ongoing adjustments to the currency in
circulation, potentially influenced by factors such as the need to improve transaction efficiencies and
enhance anti-counterfeiting measures.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 The total value of all currency in circulation by the end of FY24 reached approximately ₹34.77
trillion, marking a steady increase from previous years.
Sebi Cracks Down on Gaming Apps Involved in Virtual Trading
 The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) is keeping a closer eye on fantasy games and virtual
trading platforms that use real share prices to mimic stock trading.
 This action comes after a lot of like-minded apps became famous because more and more regular people
are interested in trading stocks.
 Sebi has told stock exchanges and depositories to stop giving third-party apps that help with virtual
trading access to real-time price data.
 The goal of this directive is to stop people from using data for financial gain on sites that aren’t regulated.
Learn Along:
About the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi)
 The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was established on April 12, 1988, and gained statutory
powers on January 30, 1992, through the SEBI Act of 1992.
 SEBI is headquartered in Mumbai and is responsible for regulating the securities market in India.
 It responds to the needs of three primary groups: issuers of securities, investors, and market intermediaries.
Google to buy minority stake in Flipkart for $350 millon
 Google has proposed an investment of about $350 million (₹2,900 crore) to buy a minority stake in
Flipkart.
 Flipkart is raising $1 billion in an ongoing funding round.
 Flipkart has received a commitment of $600 million from its parent firm Walmart.
 Flipkart posted a net loss of ₹4,846 crore in FY23.
Learn Along:
About Google
CEO: Sundar Pichai Founders: Larry Page, Sergey Brin Founded: 4 September 1998
BSE mcap hits $5 trillion mark for first time; adds last trillion in just 6 months
 BSE's total market capitalization scaled the $4 trillion mark in November 2023 and added another $1
trillion in about six months, reaching $5 trillion due to a strong bull run.
 BSE-listed firms reached $1 trillion in May 2007, $2 trillion in July 2017, and $3 trillion in May 2021.
 Besides India, the US, China, Japan, and Hong Kong have market capitalizations over $5 trillion.
 India's market capitalization has risen nearly 12% in 2024, driven by new listings.
 Indian companies have added over $633 billion to BSE's total market cap in 2024, with BSE midcap and
BSE smallcap indices at all-time highs.
 The $5 trillion market cap milestone reflects the sustained momentum of the Indian stock market.
 Broader market contributions and significant PSU contributions have driven market cap increases
despite a flat trading range.
 Indian equity market milestones place India among elite nations with $5 trillion market cap.
 Retail investors and government reforms have driven sustained earnings growth, potentially propelling
market cap to $10 trillion within five years.
 India's mcap-to-GDP ratio is over 150%, compared to around 120% at the $4 trillion mark; a fair
valuation is typically 75-90%.
To Know about NSE and BSE click here: https://youtu.be/PyYTpRiRQKA?si=0lcWDYq7AebDtfFB
IOCL exports premium fuel to Sri Lanka
 Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (IOCL) exported its first-ever consignment of 100 octane premium fuel,
XP100 to Sri Lanka.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 The shipment was flagged off at the Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust in Mumbai by V. Satish Kumar,
Director (Marketing), Indian Oil.
 This is the third offshore product export by IOCL, showcasing India's potential to send quality products
globally.
 Sujoy Choudhary, Director (Planning & Business Development) and Chairman of Lanka IOC,
highlighted the importance of the event and the promotional schemes to ensure product visibility and
acceptability.
 XP100 is domestically developed using IndianOil’s indigenous Octamax Technology.
 Designed with anti-knock properties, it enhances engine performance, faster acceleration, smoother
drivability, and improved fuel economy.
 The formulation reduces engine deposits and emissions in high compression ratio engines, optimizing
vehicle performance and longevity while minimizing maintenance.
 XP100 is an eco-friendly fuel with significantly reduced tailpipe emissions.
Learn Along:
About IOCL
Chairperson: Shrikant Madhav Vaidya Headquarters: New Delhi Founded: 30 June 1959
India records trade deficit with 9 of top 10 trading partners in 2023-24
 India recorded a trade deficit with nine of its top 10 trading partners, including China, Russia,
Singapore, and Korea in 2023-24.
 The trade deficit with China, Russia, Korea, and Hong Kong increased in 2023-24 compared to 2022-
23.
 Trade deficits in 2023-24: China: $85 billion, Russia: $57.2 billion, Korea: $14.71 billion, Hong
Kong: $12.2 billion.
 Trade deficits in 2022-23: China: $83.2 billion, Russia: $43 billion, Korea: $14.57 billion, Hong
Kong: $8.38 billion.
 China became India’s largest trading partner with $118.4 billion in two-way commerce in 2023-24,
surpassing the U.S.
 Bilateral trade between India and the U.S. was $118.28 billion in 2023-24.
 India has free trade agreements with four top trading partners: Singapore, UAE, Korea, and
Indonesia.
 India's trade surplus with the U.S. was $36.74 billion in 2023-24, also having surpluses with the U.K.,
Belgium, Italy, France, and Bangladesh.
 Total trade deficit for India in 2023-24 narrowed to $238.3 billion from $264.9 billion in the previous
fiscal year.
 Trade experts suggest that while a deficit is not always negative, as it can involve importing raw
materials, it can pressure the domestic currency.
 Rising trade deficit can cause currency depreciation, making imports more expensive and potentially
worsening the deficit.
NABARD and AGRICULTURE

India and New Zealand to have deeper collaboration in Pharma, Agriculture and Food Processing
Industries, among others
 A delegation led by Commerce Secretary, Sunil Barthwal, engaged in constructive meetings in New
Zealand to enhance bilateral relations with key New Zealand officials including the Minister for Trade,
Hon. Todd McClay.
 The discussions aimed at increasing trade and people-to-people contacts by building on existing
economic ties and cooperation through the India-New Zealand Business Council and the 11th India -
New Zealand Joint Trade Committee.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Key focus areas included agriculture, food processing, forestry, pharmaceuticals, and horticulture
sectors, particularly enhancing the kiwi fruit and dairy sectors in terms of quality, productivity, and
transportation.
 Both sides addressed market access, non-tariff barriers, and sanitary and phytosanitary measures
on products such as grapes, okra, and mangoes. They discussed establishing a Mutual Recognition
Arrangement in Organic products and simplifying homologation standards for vehicles.
 Special attention was given to the services sector including hospitality, nursing, tele-medicine,
education, and enhancing air connectivity and joint R&D efforts.
 Discussions on pharmaceuticals and medical devices included fast tracking regulatory processes and
exploring greater sourcing of medicines from India.
 The meetings also touched on digital trade, addressing economic challenges through the G20, Indo-
Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity, and other multilateral associations.
 There was a mutual commitment to continuous dialogue and regular meetings to further collaborative
and cooperative activities in both explored and unexplored areas, reinforcing the World Trade
Organization’s principles for a rules-based international trading system.
Learn Along:
About New Zealand
Capital: Wellington Currency: New Zealand dollar
NABARD, IFFCO Kisan collaborate to support small tea growers in different parts of Assam
 NABARD Assam, in collaboration with IFFCO Kisan Suvidha Ltd. (IKSL), has launched a pilot project
titled ‘Climate Resilient Tea Cultivation and AI Based Pest Management’ aimed at aiding small tea
growers.
 The project will benefit 64 small tea growers from the Sewjjyoti Tea Federation in Chapanala,
Barhampur, Nagaon district.
 This initiative is part of NABARD's efforts to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) and other
technological advancements in the agri-horticulture sector.
 Technologies to be implemented include automated wireless weather stations, soil moisture
sensors, smart ravager, and pest vision with image recognition.
 The project also involves geo-fencing of farm lands to enable regular updates to farmers through voice
messages based on satellite imagery of their fields concerning tea leaves, soil moisture, and weather
conditions.
 Depending on the success of this pilot, NABARD and IKSL plan to expand this model to other regions
in the state and potentially across India.
Learn Along:
About NABARD
Chairman: Mr. Shaji K V Formation: 12 July 1982 Headquarters: Mumbai, India
About IFFCO
Headquarters: New Delhi Founded: 3 November 1967
Every rupee invested in agri research yields ₹ 13.85: Study
 Investment in agricultural research has decelerated from 2011 to 2022, but each rupee invested
yields a return of nearly ₹13.85, the highest among farming-related activities, according to a working
paper by the National Institute of Agriculture Economics and Policy Research (NIAP).
 Agricultural R&D is crucial given the limited scope for expanding agricultural land and the increasing
demand for food and agricultural products, emphasizing the need for prioritizing investment across
various subsectors and regions.
 Agricultural extension activities provide the second-best ROI, with ₹7.40 for every rupee invested.
 The study highlights significant regional disparities in spending on agricultural research. States with
large agricultural areas like Odisha, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh spent

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
below 0.25% of their agriculture GDP on research, whereas states like Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal
Pradesh, Bihar, Uttarakhand, Kerala, and Assam spent above 0.80%.
 The bias in agricultural R&D investment leans heavily towards crops, with less funding for livestock
and natural resources, though southern states show a more balanced spending.
 Funding for agricultural R&D in India is primarily public, with the government contributing the majority,
and private sector investment at only 8%, lower than the global average.
 Between 2011 and 2020, India's investment in agricultural research as a percentage of agriculture GDP
was 0.61%, compared to the global average of 0.93%.
 The annual growth in research investment slowed to 4.4% during 2011-2020, a decrease from the 6.4%
in 1981-1990, largely due to sluggish growth in public investment and a slowdown in private investment
growth.
Two govt insurance schemes for fisherfolk to be merged from June
 Government will merge Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) and Group Accident
Insurance Scheme (GAIS) for fisherfolk from June 1.
 The merger aims to reduce premium burden and ease implementation.
 Provides ₹5 lakh comprehensive insurance coverage: ₹3 lakh under GAIS for accidental death or
permanent total disability and ₹2 lakh under PMSBY.
 Previously, PMSBY offered ₹2 lakh coverage, and GAIS provided ₹5 lakh.
 Fully subsidized scheme, with no premium required from fisherfolk, entirely borne by the government.
Learn Along:
About Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana
 Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana is a government-backed accident insurance scheme in India.
 It was originally mentioned in the 2015 Budget speech by Finance Minister Late Arun Jaitley in February 2015.
 It was formally launched by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 8 May 2015 in Kolkata.
About Group Accident Insurance Scheme

 In 2020-21 under PMMSY, Government brought in Group Accident Insurance Scheme (GAIS) as a beneficiary
oriented centrally sponsored scheme to offer insurance to fishers including fishermen, fisherwomen, fish
workers, fish farmers, and others directly involved in fishing and fisheries-related allied activities within the age
group of 18 to 70 years.
 GAIS offers insurance coverage of Rs. 5.00 lakh against accidental death or Permanent Total Disability (PTD),
Rs. 2.50 lakh against Permanent Partial Disability (PPD), and Rs. 25,000 against accidental hospitalization.
 No beneficiary contribution is required as the premium is fully funded by the Central and respective State/UT
Governments.
World Bank Report on Agri-food System
 The World Bank’s recent report, “Recipe for a Livable Planet: Achieving Net Zero Emissions in
the Agrifood System”, underscores the potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction in
the agrifood sector, which currently contributes to about one-third of global emissions.
 In India, replacing a quarter of 8.8 million diesel irrigation pumps with solar pumps could reduce
agrifood emissions by 11.5 million tonnes per year.
 Cost-saving measures alone could achieve 80% of the mitigation potential for agriculture in India.
 The report identifies top ten agrifood system emitters, including China, Brazil, India, the United
States, and Indonesia, responsible for 55% of global agrifood emissions.
 High-income countries can support low- and middle-income countries in adopting low-emission farming
methods and technologies.
 Middle-income countries have the potential to curb up to three-quarters of global agrifood emissions
through greener practices.
 Annual investments of $260 billion are required to halve agrifood emissions by 2030 and achieve net-
zero emissions by 2050.
 Investing in cutting agrifood emissions can result in benefits exceeding $4 trillion, including
improvements in human health, food security, job quality, and profits for farmers.

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May 2024
 Solar irrigation pumps offer a sustainable alternative to fuel-based pumps, reducing dependency on
fossil fuels and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions.
 Enteric fermentation, a digestive process in ruminant animals, produces methane gas, a potent
greenhouse gas, making it a focus of research for reducing emissions from livestock.
Learn Along:
About Wolrd Bank
President: Ajay Banga Headquarters: Washington, D.C., United States Founded: July 1944
Google Arts and Culture launches digital exhibition on millets
 Google Arts & Culture launched a digital exhibit titled "Millets: Seeds of Change" at Krishi Bhawan in
Delhi, in collaboration with India’s Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
 The exhibit celebrates millets as an ancient grain re-emerging as a modern-day superfood, highlighting
their nutritional benefits, climate resilience, and role in addressing global food security.
 India, being the world’s largest producer of millets, played a pivotal role by spearheading the UNGA
resolution to declare 2023 the International Year of Millets, aiming to share its agricultural practices
globally.
 Manoj Ahuja, Secretary of the Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, emphasized millets'
potential to provide prosperity to India’s small farmers and their growing international interest, notably
during the G20 Summit.
 The exhibit features the history, diverse varieties, cultivation methods, and culinary uses of
millets, including recipes from renowned chefs like Thomas Zacharias.
 Interactive elements like quizzes and crosswords are included to engage visitors, enhancing the
educational impact of the exhibit.
‘India to import wheat after six years, to shore up reserves’
 India will resume wheat imports after six years to replenish reserves and control rising prices due to
consecutive poor harvests.
 Elimination of the 40% wheat import tax is anticipated, enabling private entities to purchase from
major exporters like Russia.
 The government plans to remove the import duty after June, coinciding with the Russian wheat
harvest season.
 Reinstatement of the import duty is proposed before October to safeguard domestic farmers'
interests during the planting season.
 These policy adjustments are poised to occur post-general elections, removing political
impediments to import decisions.
NATIONAL
India assumes chair of Colombo Process for 2024-26
 India has assumed the chairmanship of the Colombo Process for the first time since its establishment
in 2003.
 The Colombo Process is a regional consultative forum involving 12 Asian member states.
 The forum's focus is on promoting safe, orderly, and legal migration.
 India's chairmanship spans from 2024 to 2026, marking a significant role in regional migration policies.
 The External Affairs Ministry highlighted the forum's role in exchanging best practices on overseas
employment among countries of South and Southeast Asia.

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May 2024
Indian official takes over as spl rep of UN chief for disaster risk cut
 Kamal Kishore started his term as Special Representative of UN chief Antonio Guterres for
Disaster Risk Reduction on March 28.
 Kishore succeeds Mami Mizutori of Japan at the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
(UNDRR).
 UNDRR welcomed Kishore on May 20 as the Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General
(SRSG) for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Head of UNDRR.
 Kishore has been with the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) since 2015, leading the
G20 Working Group on Disaster Risk Reduction under India's G20 presidency.
DD Kisan channel to launch AI anchor Krish and Bhoomi on 26 May 2024
 Doordarshan's DD Kisan channel will launch two AI anchors, Krish and Bhoomi, on 26 May 2024,
celebrating its 9th anniversary.
 DD Kisan will be the first government TV channel to use AI anchors for broadcasting information on
agricultural mandi prices, weather updates, and agricultural research.
 The AI anchors can speak in 50 languages and broadcast 24/7 without stopping.
 The world's first AI news anchor was introduced by Chinese state news agency Xinhua in 2018,
named Qiu Hao.
 India's first AI news anchor, Sana, was introduced by the India Today group on its Aaj Tak Hindi
news channel in 2023.
 DD Kisan was launched on 26 May 2015 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to promote inclusive
growth of farmers.
 The channel provides information on agriculture, including weather, mandi prices, government
schemes, and latest research.
 In its 9th year, DD Kisan will revamp to highlight efforts of progressive farmers and serve the rural and
agricultural community in India.
Start-up Agnikul launches world’s first rocket with fully 3D-printed engine
 Agnikul Cosmos Private Ltd., a Chennai-based space start-up, successfully launched the Agnibaan
Sub Orbital Technology Demonstrator (SOrTeD), the world's first rocket with a single-piece 3D-printed
engine, from Sriharikota at 7.15 a.m. on Thursday.
 This launch marks India’s first from a private launchpad, named ‘Dhanush’, and represents a significant
step in private sector participation in Indian space endeavors.
 Agnibaan SOrTeD features India's first semi-cryogenic engine-powered rocket and boasts the world’s
first indigenously designed and built single-piece 3D-printed engine.
 The mission primarily served as a test flight to demonstrate in-house technologies, collect critical
flight data, and ensure system functionalities for Agnikul's future orbital launch vehicle, ‘Agnibaan’.
 Initially scheduled for April 7, the launch was postponed due to technical glitches, underscoring the
challenges and precision required in space missions.
Punit Balan Group And Indian Army Collaborate To Develop India s First Constitutional Park
 The Indian Army and the Punit Balan Group inaugurated India's first Constitution Park in Pune,
chaired by Lt. Gen. Ajai Kumar Singh, emphasizing the importance of citizens fulfilling their constitutional
duties to drive national progress by 2047.
 Lt. Gen. Ajai Kumar Singh highlighted the global significance of the Indian Constitution, particularly
its balance of Fundamental Rights and Duties, stressing the need for citizens to understand and
execute their responsibilities to achieve a developed India.

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May 2024
 During the ceremony, Lt. Gen. Singh expressed gratitude for initiatives like Constitution Park which
aim to educate the public about their civic duties and acknowledged Punit Balan’s contribution to the
project.
 Punit Balan, President of the Punit Balan Group, reaffirmed his commitment to uphold the Constitution's
principles, stressing the group's dedication to supporting projects that strengthen national values.
 This project illustrates the role of public-private partnerships in promoting civic education and
constitutional awareness, key elements in fostering national development and governance.
Kutch Ajrakh, A Traditional Textile Craft Earns GI Tag
 The Controller General of Patents, Designs, and Trademarks (CGPDTM) has awarded the
Geographical Indication (GI) certificate to 'Kutch Ajrakh' from Gujarat.
 Kutch Ajrakh involves a hand-block printing technique on cotton cloth, known for its deep cultural
roots and intricate patterns symbolizing natural elements.
 This craft uses natural vegetable and mineral colors, and involves a complex dyeing technique
known as resist printing.
 Ajrakh has historical significance, introduced over 400 years ago by Sind Muslims, and is prominently
used by communities like the Rabaris, Maldharis, and Ahirs.
 Other textiles with GI tags include Banarasi Silk, Chanderi Fabric, Kanjeevaram Silk, and Kota Doria,
each recognized for its unique weaving techniques and cultural heritage.
Learn Along:
About GI Tag
 A GI or Geographical Indication is a name or a sign given to certain products that relate to a specific
geographical location or origins like a region, town or country.
 Using Geographical Indications may be regarded as a certification that the particular product is produced as
per traditional methods, has certain specific qualities, or has a particular reputation because of its geographical
origin.
 In India, the GI tag is regulated under the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection)
Act, 1999, and is valid for 10 years before requiring renewal.
 The GI tag helps in protecting authentic products, enhancing their market value, and preserving traditional
crafts.
Mahindra & Mahindra Sign MoU with MSDE for 'Drone Didi' Pilot Project
 Union Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) signed an MoU with Mahindra
& Mahindra Ltd. for two pilot projects under the Drone Didi Yojana in Noida and Hyderabad.
 The projects aim to train 500 rural women farmers to operate drones for agricultural tasks such as
fertilizing crops, monitoring growth, and planting seeds.
 Training includes drone flying, data analysis, and maintenance, provided at the National Skill
Training Institute (NSTI) with infrastructure support.
 NSTI, established by the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, focuses on quality
training and skill upgrades for the industrial workforce.
 Depending on the pilot outcomes, the program will be expanded to other NSTIs and ITIs nationwide.
 Drone Didi scheme, launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in March 2024, aims to train 15,000
women-led Self Help Groups with agricultural drones.
National Archives of India Acquires the private paper collection of Late Shri Rafi Ahmad Kidwai
 The National Archives of India (NAI) has acquired the private paper collection of Late Shri Rafi
Ahmad Kidwai, which includes original correspondences with prominent leaders such as Pt. Nehru,
Sardar Patel, and Shyama Prasad Mukherjee.
 These papers were handed over by Shri Faiz Ahmad Kidwai (IAS), Additional Secretary, Ministry of
Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, highlighting the ongoing collaboration and historical preservation
efforts between government entities and the NAI.

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May 2024
 The NAI, as the custodian of non-current records of the Government of India, holds these documents in
trust for administrators and researchers, ensuring their accessibility under the Public Record Act 1993.
Learn Along:
 Shri Rafi Ahmad Kidwai, born on February 18, 1894, in Masauli, Uttar Pradesh, played a significant role in India’s
independence movement and was known for his stance against communalism and superstition.
 Kidwai's political career included roles as India's first Minister for Communications and later as the Minister for
Food and Agriculture, where he implemented significant reforms like the "own your telephone" service and tackled
food rationing challenges post-independence.
 His efforts and contributions to India’s political and administrative sectors are commemorated through the Rafi
Ahmed Kidwai Award by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, established in 1956.
 Kidwai's legacy continues to inspire due to his dedication to Indian independence and his effective administrative
strategies in crucial sectors such as communications and agriculture.
Ramcharitmanas, Panchatantra, and Sahṛdayāloka-Locana enter ‘UNESCO's Memory of the World

Asia-Pacific Regional Register’
 'Ramcharitmanas', 'Panchatantra', and 'Sahṛdayāloka-Locana' included in UNESCO's Memory of

the World Asia-Pacific Regional Register, highlighting India's rich literary heritage.
 Inclusion symbolizes a step forward in global cultural preservation and emphasizes the importance of
safeguarding diverse narratives.
 These works, by Acharya Anandvardhan, Pt. Vishnu Sharma, and Goswami Tulsidas respectively,
have shaped India's moral and cultural landscape.
 The Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA) played a key role in advocating for these works
during the 10th meeting of the Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific (MOWCAP) in
Ulaanbaatar.
 Professor Ramesh Chandra Gaur presented these nominations, marking a significant achievement for
IGNCA's commitment to cultural preservation.
 Successful inclusion of these works into the register after rigorous deliberations and voting underscores
their timeless influence and significance.
Learn Along:
About UNESCO
Founded: 16 November 1945 Headquarters: Paris, France Director-General: Ms Audrey Azoulay
SC Limits ED's Arrest Powers in PMLA Cases
 Supreme Court Ruling on PMLA: The Enforcement Directorate (ED) loses the authority to arrest an
accused once a special court takes cognizance of a chargesheet under the Prevention of Money
Laundering Act (PMLA).
Judgement Details:
 The ruling stemmed from an appeal against the ED, challenging a denial of anticipatory bail.
 An accused appearing on summons cannot be treated as in custody and need not apply for bail under
PMLA’s stringent conditions.
 The ED must separately apply for custody, showing specific grounds for interrogation.
 The court emphasized the protection of personal liberty.
 The special court can direct accused to provide surety/guarantee as per Section 88 of the Code of
Criminal Procedure.
 A graded arrest procedure involves issuing a bailable warrant first, then a non-bailable warrant if the
accused fails to appear.
PMLA's Twin Conditions for Bail:
 Burden of Proving Innocence: Accused must prove their innocence.
 Ensuring No Offences While on Bail: Accused must convince the judge they will not commit any
offences while on bail.
Learn Along:
About PMLA:
 Enacted: 2002 to prevent money laundering and provide for the confiscation of property derived from it.

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May 2024
Key Provisions:
 Offences and Penalties: Rigorous imprisonment and fines for offenders.
 Attachment and Confiscation of Property: Property involved in money laundering can be confiscated.
 Reporting Requirements: Banks and financial institutions must report suspicious transactions.
 Appellate Tribunal: Established to hear appeals against orders by the Adjudicating Authority.
Recent Amendments:
 Restoration of Confiscated Property Amendment Rules, 2019: Allows Special Court to publish notices for
claimants of confiscated property.
 Maintenance of Records Amendment Rules, 2023: Expands disclosure requirements for NGOs and defines
"politically exposed persons".
Concerns Regarding PMLA:
 Broad Definition of Proceeds of Crime: Includes legal financial transactions.
 Coverage of Numerous Offences: Includes offences unrelated to its original purpose.
 Arrest Without Written Communication: Violates Article 22(1) of the Constitution and Section 19(1) of PMLA.
India Proposes Digital Competition Bill, 2024 Against Tech Giants
 The Digital Competition Bill, 2024 is proposed by the government, inspired by European regulatory
frameworks like the EU’s Digital Markets Act (DMA).
 Aims to regulate major technology firms such as Google, Facebook, and Amazon to prevent misuse of
their dominant positions.
Key Proposals:
 Predictive Regulation: Introduces a proactive regulatory approach (ex-ante) to prevent anti-competitive
practices before they occur, differing from the reactive framework of the Competition Act, 2002.
 Significant Entities: Identifies Systematically Significant Digital Enterprises (SSDEs) based on turnover,
user base, and market influence. SSDEs will be restricted from practices like self-preferencing and anti-
steering.
 Associate Digital Enterprises (ADEs): Regulates ADEs benefiting from data shared within their group
companies to ensure competitive practices are maintained.
Criticism and Concerns:
 Large tech corporations criticize the Bill for potentially imposing heavy compliance burdens and stifling
innovation.
 Concerns about arbitrary decision-making by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) and impacts
on platform-based small businesses.
Fostering Digital Competition:
 Government advocates for the Bill citing a history of anti-competitive behavior by big tech firms.
 Aims to create a fairer playing field for new entrants and smaller companies, promoting broader
innovation and healthier competition in the digital ecosystem.
Learn Along:
About DMA:
 The Digital Markets Act (DMA), established by the European Union in 2022, promotes competition in the digital
market.
 Targets large online platforms termed as “gatekeepers” like Google, Apple, and Facebook.
 Restricts self-preferencing practices, mandates interoperability of messaging services, and enforces data
portability.
 Imposes fines up to 10% of global turnover for non-compliance, enhancing consumer choices and fostering a fair,
transparent digital economy.
Project ISHAN
 India is consolidating its 4 airspace regions into a single entity under the Indian Single Sky
Harmonized Air Traffic Management (ISHAN) initiative.
 Currently, Indian airspace is divided into 4 Flight Information Regions (FIRs): Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata,
and Chennai, each managed separately.

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May 2024
 Under ISHAN, these FIRs will be consolidated into one continuous airspace centered in Nagpur.
 The initiative aims to streamline and enhance air traffic management across India.
 The Airports Authority of India (AAI) invited expressions of interest (EoI) for preparing a detailed
project report.
 AAI was constituted by an Act of Parliament and came into existence on 1st April 1995 by merging the
National Airports Authority and International Airports Authority of India.
 AAI operates under the Directorate General of Civil Aviation, Ministry of Civil Aviation, Government of
India.
Gopi Thotakura makes history, becomes 1st Indian to go to space as tourist
 Blue Origin’s New Shepard lifted off from a private ranch in West Texas, marking the return to space
tourism after a two-year hiatus.
 Among the six-member crew were Gopichand Thotakura, an Indian-origin entrepreneur and pilot,
and Ed Dwight, the first Black astronaut to enter space as a tourist.
 This mission, NS-25, is the seventh human voyage for the New Shepard program and the 25th
mission overall.
 The spacecraft crossed the Karman Line, the boundary of space 62 miles (100 km) above sea level,
where travelers experienced weightlessness.
 The New Shepard program faced a setback in September 2022 due to a rocket anomaly but resumed
with safety measures in place.
Crew members included:
 Gopichand Thotakura: Entrepreneur and pilot of Indian origin.
 Ed Dwight: Former Air Force aviator, now the oldest person in space at 90 years, 8 months, and 10
days.
 Mason Angel: Founder of Industrious Ventures.
 Sylvain Chiron: Head of Brasserie Mont Blanc, a craft brewery in France.
 Kenneth L. Hess: Software engineer and entrepreneur.
 Carol Schaller: Retired Certified Public Accountant (CPA).
 Blue Origin’s space tourism efforts aim to develop heavy-lift rockets and lunar landers.
 Notable past passengers include William Shatner, Michael Strahan, and Jeff Bezos.
 Blue Origin has flown 31 individuals aboard the New Shepard rocket system.
 New Shepard, named after astronaut Alan Shepard, is a reusable suborbital rocket designed for
transporting astronauts and research payloads beyond the Karman line.
INTERNATIONAL
RITES Signs Pact to Supply Coaches to Bangladesh
 RITES Limited, a government-owned company and part of Indian Railways, won a contract to supply
200 broad-gauge passenger carriages to Bangladesh Railways.
 The contract, worth USD 111.26 million (about Rs 915 crore), was funded by the European
Investment Bank and secured through a global bidding process.
 The deal includes design support, spare parts, and training with a 36-month delivery and
commissioning timeline and a 24-month warranty.
 This contract aligns with India's “Make in India, for the World” campaign, aiming to make India a global
manufacturing hub.
 RITES has a history of collaborating with Bangladesh Railways on various projects and providing
different types of rolling stock.
Learn Along:
About RITES Limited:
 Established in 1974 under Indian Railways, specializing in transport consultancy and engineering.
 Key areas: urban and regional planning, infrastructure, highways, airports, seaports, mass transit systems.
 International presence in 55 countries across Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East.

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May 2024
 Engages in leasing and exporting railway equipment and provides consultancy for the operation and
maintenance of transportation facilities.
 Listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India (NSE).
 Promotes sustainable development.
Facts about the Make in India Initiative:
 Launched in 2014 to boost manufacturing by simplifying business processes.
 The lion logo symbolizes strength.
 Targets 25 sectors, including automobiles and aviation.
 India improved from 142nd in 2014 to 63rd in 2020 on the World Bank’s Ease of Doing Business list.
 Attracted significant global investments, including from Samsung and Foxconn.
 Opened the defence industry to private companies, raising the foreign direct investment limit in defence to
74%.
U.N. forecasts 2.7% growth for world economy
 The United Nations has updated its forecast, noting improved prospects for the world economy since
January, particularly in the U.S. and large emerging economies like India.
 The new projections in the mid-2024 report estimate the global economy will grow by 2.7% in 2024, an
increase from the 2.4% growth forecast in January.
 The growth rate for 2025 is projected at 2.8%, indicating sustained but moderate growth.
 The current forecast of 2.7% for 2024 matches the growth rate of 2023 but remains below the 3%
growth rate experienced prior to the pandemic.
UAE Launches 10-Year Blue Residency Visa for Environmentalists
 Blue Residency card introduced in 2023 by the UAE to showcase its commitment to environmental
protection.
 Announced by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid, the Prime Minister and Ruler of Dubai, offering 10-year
residency for outstanding environmental efforts.
 Eligibility includes work in protecting sea and land life, improving air quality, sustainable
technologies, and circular economy.
 Applications can be sent to the Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs, and Port
Security, with authorities able to nominate exceptional individuals.
 UAE residency visas evolution: standard visas lasted two years before the Blue Residency.
 Golden Visas (2019): 10-year visas for investors, business owners, and skilled workers.
 Green Visas (2022): 5-year visas for skilled workers, freelancers, and business owners.
 The UAE focuses on attracting talented individuals globally to diversify and sustain the economy.
 Blue Residency visa features: aimed at highly skilled professionals, investors, business owners, and
includes top athletes, artists, computer scientists, and technologists.
 The visa offers up to five years, renewable, simplifies living and working in the UAE without a national
sponsor, and allows family members to stay with the applicant.
Learn Along:
About UAE
Capital: Abu Dhabi Currency: UAE dirham
Venezuela Becomes First Country To Lose All Glaciers
 Venezuela is the first modern country to lose all of its glaciers, marking a significant environmental
change.
 Humboldt glacier in the Andes has shrunk to less than 2 hectares, now classified as an ice field.
 The Sierra Nevada de Mérida mountain range in Venezuela once had six glaciers; as of 2011, only
Humboldt remained.
 Experts anticipated Humboldt would last another ten years, but it has melted faster than expected.
 Political challenges in Venezuela have hindered scientists' ability to monitor and collect data on
glaciers.

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May 2024
 Climate change and the El Niño event, causing high temperatures, contributed to the rapid melting of
Humboldt.
 Globally, glaciers are melting rapidly, with Indonesia, Mexico, and Slovenia likely to be the next
countries to lose their glaciers.
 The World Meteorological Organization reports significant ice mass loss in Asia’s high mountain areas
due to extreme temperatures and dry spells.
 Humboldt Glacier in Greenland, the longest and largest tidewater glacier in the Northern Hemisphere,
has been receding significantly due to climate change.
 The glacier supports unique species and contributes to sea-level rise through large calving events.
 Named after German scientist Alexander von Humboldt, it has been less studied due to its remote
location compared to other Greenlandic glaciers.
Learn Along:
About Venezuela
Capital: Caracas Currency: Venezuelan bolívar President: Nicolás Maduro
PhonePe Launches UPI in Sri Lanka in Partnership with LankaPay
 PhonePe announced a partnership with LankaPay to enable UPI payments across Sri Lanka, allowing
PhonePe users to pay at LankaPay QR merchants while traveling in Sri Lanka.
 The transactions will use the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) and be facilitated through the
LankaPay National Payment Network, with payments made via scanning the LankaQR code.
 This partnership offers to Indian tourists, providing a familiar and secure payment method abroad.
 The event also included a panel discussion on 'The Future of Digital Payments in Sri Lanka', focusing
on how businesses can leverage digital payment technologies to remain competitive.
Learn Along:
About Sri Lanka
Capitals: Colombo, Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte Currency: Sri Lankan rupee
President: Ranil Wickremesinghe Prime Minister: Dinesh Gunawardena
About UPI
 Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is a system that powers multiple bank accounts into a single mobile application
(of any participating bank), merging several banking features, seamless fund routing & merchant payments
into one hood.
 It also caters to the “Peer to Peer” collect request which can be scheduled and paid as per requirement and
convenience.
 NPCI conducted a pilot launch with 21 member banks. The pilot launch was on 11th April 2016 by Dr. Raghuram
G Rajan, Governor, RBI at Mumbai.
India, Iran sign 10-year contract for Chabahar port operation
 India and Iran signed a 10-year contract for the operation of Chabahar port, marking a continuation
of their cooperation initiated eight years ago.
 Indian Ports Global Ltd. (IPGL) will operate the Shahid-Behesti terminal, with a planned investment
of approximately $120 million for port equipment.
 India offered a $250 million credit window for infrastructure improvements related to Chabahar,
enhancing its capacity and efficiency.
 The agreement was signed by Ports, Shipping, and Waterways Minister Sarbananda Sonowal and
Iran's Minister of Roads and Urban Development, Mehrdad Bazrpash.
 This move is intended to boost trilateral trade between India, Iran, and Afghanistan, and enhance
regional economic development.
 Chabahar port is positioned as a critical trade link for India with Afghanistan and Central Asia,
underlining its strategic importance in regional connectivity.
 The contract aims to resolve previous disputes, including arbitration, through a mutual trust framework
agreed upon by both nations.
 The Chabahar Agreement, signed during Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit in 2016, established an
International Transport and Transit Corridor, highlighting the port's role in enhancing Iran-India relations.

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May 2024
Learn Along:
About Iran
Capital: Tehran Currency: Iranian rial
Dubai Launches Gaming Visa to Boost Local Industry
 Dubai has launched a Gaming Visa to become a global gaming hub by 2033, aiming to attract
30,000 game developers.
 The visa is for game developers, designers, programmers, and content creators aged at least 25,
requiring identity proof, a resume, and relevant work experience.
 Applicants submit documents through Dubai’s official visa platforms, with a streamlined processing time
to attract talent.
 This initiative aligns with regional developments like Saudi Arabia hosting a major esports
tournament, indicating a shift in the Middle Eastern gaming landscape.
 While the visa offers opportunities and tax advantages, applicants should consider the social and
political context, including human rights concerns in the region.
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About UAE
Capital: Abu Dhabi Currency: UAE dirham
Nepal’s Kami Rita Sherpa climbs Everest for record 29th time
 Kami Rita Sherpa, a legendary mountaineer from Nepal, made history by scaling Mount Everest for
the 29th time, breaking his own record.
 The 54-year-old veteran climber reached the 8,849-meter peak.
 This achievement highlights Kami Rita Sherpa's exceptional skill and endurance in mountaineering,
cementing his legacy in the climbing community.
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About Nepal
Capital: Kathmandu Currency: Nepalese rupee
India backs Palestine’s bid for full UN membership
 India voted in favor of a UN General Assembly draft resolution advocating for Palestine's full
membership in the United Nations.
 The resolution, supported by the Arab Group and presented by the UAE, was passed with 143 votes in
favor, including India's, with nine against and 25 abstentions.
 This resolution confirms that Palestine is qualified for UN membership based on Article 4 of the UN
Charter and urges the Security Council to reconsider Palestine's admission favorably.
 Historical context: India recognized the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1974 and the State of
Palestine in 1988, establishing a diplomatic presence in Gaza in 1996, later moved to Ramallah in 2003.
 The resolution includes an annex granting Palestine additional rights and privileges at the UN from
the 79th General Assembly session starting in September, such as the right to be seated among
member states, make group statements, and participate fully in UN meetings and conferences.
 Currently, as an observer state, Palestine lacks the right to vote in the General Assembly or to be
elected to UN organs.
‘Malaysia plans to introduce orangutan diplomacy’
 Malaysia plans to initiate "orangutan diplomacy" by gifting orangutans to major palm oil-importing
countries, including the EU and India.
 This strategy, announced by Commodities Minister Johari Abdul Ghani, aims to enhance diplomatic
relations and highlight Malaysia's commitment to biodiversity conservation.
 Orangutans are critically endangered, primarily due to habitat loss from activities such as logging,
agricultural expansion (notably palm oil plantations), and infrastructure development.

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May 2024
 The minister emphasized that this diplomatic move demonstrates Malaysia's ongoing efforts in wildlife
preservation and encourages palm oil companies to collaborate with NGOs for technical expertise in
conservation.
 Palm oil production, notably in Malaysia and Indonesia, is criticized for contributing to significant
rainforest destruction and is a key ingredient in various consumer products ranging from food items to
cosmetics.
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About Malaysia
Capital: Kuala Lumpur Currency: Malaysian ringgit
Ukraine's foreign ministry launches AI spokesperson to provide war updates
 The Ukrainian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) introduced a virtual AI representative named Victoria
Shi to provide updates on various matters including the ongoing conflict with Russia.
 Victoria Shi is modeled after Ukrainian singer and influencer Rosalie Nombre, who has contributed her
voice and appearance pro bono.
 This digital persona is designed to deliver timely updates on consular affairs, and is the first of its kind
to officially comment for the media.
 The introduction of Victoria Shi aims to streamline processes and conserve resources, especially
during the conflict, by offering operational and verified information about consular services.
Vladimir Putin Inaugurated for Fifth Term as the President of Russia
 On May 7, 2024, Vladimir Putin was inaugurated as the President of Russia for a historic fifth term,
following his victory in the March elections which were criticized for significant control over electoral
proceedings.
 Despite international concerns about electoral fairness and a boycott by many Western nations, this
inauguration extends Putin’s leadership which began in 1999.
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About Russia
Capital: Moscow Currency: Ruble
Zimbabwe launches new currency ZiG in attempt to resolve money crisis
 Zimbabwe launched a new currency called the ZiG (Zimbabwe Gold), backed by the country's gold
reserves, to address ongoing currency depreciation and economic instability.
 This currency replaces older versions, including a sequence where the Zimbabwe dollar collapsed in
2009 due to hyperinflation, leading to the temporary use of the US dollar as legal tender.
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About Zimbabwe
Capital: Harare Currency: United States Dollar
Dubai Begins Construction Of "World's Largest" Airport Terminal
 Dubai has initiated construction of a new terminal at Al Maktoum International Airport, projected to be
"the world's largest" with an estimated cost of AED 128 billion ($34.85 billion).
 Announced by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, ruler of Dubai and prime minister of the
UAE, the terminal is expected to handle 260 million passengers annually once fully operational.
 The new airport terminal will be five times the size of the current Dubai International Airport, aiming
to surpass it as one of the world's busiest air hubs.
 The first phase of the project is anticipated to be completed within 10 years, providing capacity for 150
million passengers annually.
 Al Maktoum airport, located on the city's outskirts and operational since 2010, currently handles a small
portion of Dubai’s air traffic but is intended to eventually replace the centrally located Dubai International

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
Airport, which currently supports up to 120 million passengers annually and cannot expand due to its
city-center location.
WHO’s New Global Malaria Strategy for 2030
 The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched a new operational strategy aimed at accelerating
progress towards the malaria elimination targets set in the Global Technical Strategy for Malaria
2016-2030.
 Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, with approximately 608,000 deaths and 249
million new cases in 2022, predominantly in Africa, which accounts for 95% of deaths and 94% of
cases globally.
 The strategy addresses obstacles such as resource constraints, humanitarian crises, climate
change, and resistance to drugs and insecticides that have stalled progress in high-burden
countries.
Four strategic objectives of the new strategy include:
1. Developing norms and standards for malaria control.
2. Introducing new tools and innovations.
3. Promoting strategic information for impact assessment and decision-making.
4. Providing technical leadership to convene stakeholders and advocate for effective malaria
responses.
 The strategy emphasizes equity-oriented principles focusing on country ownership, resilient health
systems, and equitable access to quality health services.
 A significant aspect of the strategy is improving access to malaria prevention, detection, and
treatment for vulnerable groups such as young children, pregnant women, refugees, migrants, and
indigenous populations.
 The theme for World Malaria Day 2024, “Accelerating the fight against malaria for a more equitable
world,” highlights the necessity of equity in the global malaria response and is supported by the
Yaoundé Declaration by African health ministers, committing to equitable access even in challenging
regions.
 Success in meeting the malaria elimination targets will depend on intensified efforts, increased
funding, and innovative approaches to extend access to essential interventions and tools.
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About WHO
Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland Founded: 7 April 1948 DG: Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
Denmark eases abortion law for first time in 50 years
 Denmark's government announced it will relax abortion restrictions for the first time in 50 years,
extending the legal period for terminating pregnancies from 12 weeks to 18 weeks.
 The new law will also permit girls aged 15 to 17 to have an abortion without parental consent.
 The legislation is expected to pass as the government holds a majority in parliament, with the
implementation date set for June 1, 2025.
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About Denmark
Capital: Copenhagen Currency: Danish krone
Spain becomes 99th member of International Solar Alliance
 Spain has become the 99th member of the International Solar Alliance (ISA).
 Spain handed over the ISA Instrument of Ratification during a meeting between Spain’s Ambassador
to India, Jose Maria Ridao Dominguez, and Head of Depository, Joint Secretary (ED and MER),
Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), Abhishek Singh in New Delhi.
 India and France jointly launched the ISA during COP21 in Paris to contribute to the implementation of
the Paris Climate Agreement through the rapid deployment of solar energy.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 The ISA is a collaborative platform aiming for increased deployment of solar energy technologies to
enhance energy access, ensure energy security, and drive energy transition in member countries.
 119 countries are signatories to the ISA Framework Agreement.
 The Sixth Assembly of the ISA was held in New Delhi from October 30 to November 2, 2023.
 In March, Panama officially ratified the ISA, becoming the 98th member nation.
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About Panama
Capital: Madrid Currency: Euro
Click Here to Know ISA Member Countries and Signatory Counries :

https://isolaralliance.org/membership/countries
Ireland, Norway, and Spain set to formally recognise the statehood of Palestine
 Ireland, Norway, and Spain announced formal recognition of the state of Palestine, expected on May
28.
 Ireland’s Prime Minister Simon Harris linked the recognition to Ireland’s own freedom struggle from
Britain, supporting the recognition of Palestine as a state.
 143 of 193 countries in the UN General Assembly voted for full membership for the state of
Palestine.
 Mixed reactions from EU countries on the ICC prosecutor’s decision to seek arrest warrants for
Israeli leaders for possible war crimes and crimes against humanity.
 Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre emphasized the importance of a two-state solution for
peace and security.
 Norway’s involvement in peace talks includes hosting the Oslo Peace Accords.
 The conflict escalated after Hamas attacked Israel on October 7, 2023, leading to significant casualties
on both sides.
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About Norway
Capital: Oslo Currency: Norwegian krone (NOK)
About Spain
Capital: Madrid Currency: Euro
Myanmar Junta Revives $3.6 Billion Chinese-Backed Dam Project
 With help from China, Myanmar’s junta is resuming the $3.6 billion Myitsone dam project that was
previously put on hold in 2011 due to public opposition.
 The dam, located on the Ayeyarwady river in northern Kachin state, plans to generate 6,000
megawatts of power, primarily for China.
 A new “leading group” with 11 members, including the deputy minister for energy, will manage the
project, with Yunnan International Power Investment Company of the Chinese State Power
Investment Corporation (SPIC) collaborating.
 Environmental and social concerns include potential extensive environmental damage and minimal
local benefits.
 A 2015 environmental study recommended against the dam due to significant changes to river flow,
and the WWF highlighted the impact on the Ayeyarwady area, home to about two-thirds of
Myanmar’s population.
 Tensions between the Kachin Independence Army (KIA) and Myanmar troops at the project site
persist. The KIA’s political arm will discuss the junta’s decision to revive the dam.
 The project has significant geopolitical importance as part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative. The
2021 military coup in Myanmar has affected regional security, slowing project progress.
 China remains a key player in the peace process in northern Myanmar, facilitating talks between the
military and ethnic armed groups. China emphasizes its military and humanitarian interests in the area.
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Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 The Myitsone dam project is a complex issue involving local opposition, environmental concerns, and geopolitical
interests, reflecting the challenges of balancing development, sustainability, and security.
 The dam is at the confluence of the Mali and Nmai rivers, the source of the Irrawaddy River, and is primarily
financed by Chinese investments.
 Concerns include the risk to wildlife, the rice-growing Irrawaddy Delta, potential earthquakes due to proximity to
the Sagaing fault line, and displacement of thousands of people.
 In 2021, the Myanmar military suggested restarting the project, sparking renewed protests and debates on
environmental, social, and economic impacts.
About Myanmar
 Capital: Naypyidaw Currency: Kyat
Spacex Mega-Rocket Starship’s Next Launch On June 5
 SpaceX announced the next test flight for Starship, the world’s most powerful rocket, on June 5, 2024,
pending government approval. The launch will be at 7:00 a.m. local time from Starbase in Boca Chica,
Texas.
 Starship is crucial for NASA’s lunar missions and Elon Musk’s plans for Mars colonization. It aims
to be a fully reusable spaceship to make space travel cheaper and enable large-scale space missions.
 Starship stands 397 feet tall, taller than the Statue of Liberty, with its Super Heavy booster providing
twice the thrust of NASA’s Space Launch System.
 Previous test flights ended in destruction, part of SpaceX's rapid development method. The upcoming
fourth test is vital for demonstrating the vehicle's ability to enter orbit, return safely, and be reused.
 The planned flight path mirrors the third flight, aiming for the upper stage to safely re-enter the
atmosphere and the booster to splash down in the Gulf of Mexico.
 NASA plans to use a modified Starship for a moon landing in 2026, highlighting Starship's importance
to future space operations.
Starship Specifications:
 Fully reusable spaceship with Super Heavy booster, standing 120 meters tall.
 Equipped with 70,000 heat-resistant tiles for re-entry protection.
 Capable of carrying over 100 metric tons of cargo and up to 100 people.
 Uses Raptor engines fueled by liquid methane and oxygen, a first in spacecraft.
 Made of stainless steel for improved strength and heat tolerance.
Challenges:
 Delays in the first orbital test flight due to permission and technical issues, illustrating the complexities
of launching such an advanced spacecraft.
STATES
Sikkim Celebrates Saga Dawa Festival
 Sikkim is celebrating Saga Dawa, the most sacred Buddhist festival, on the 15th day of the fourth
month of the Northern Buddhist Calendar.
 Saga Dawa commemorates the birth, enlightenment, and Mahaparinirvana (passing away) of
Buddha Shakyamuni, known as the ‘Triple Blessed Occasion’.
 Saga Dawa signifies Sikkim's deep spiritual and cultural heritage, promoting mutual love, harmony,
and unity among its people.
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About Sikkim
Chief minister: Prem Singh Tamang Capital: Gangtok Governor: Lakshman Acharya
Assam Disaster Reporting and Information Management System
 On 15th May 2024, Assam Chief Secretary unveiled the Disaster Reporting and Information
Management System (DRIMS), a digital platform for disaster damage reporting.

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May 2024
 DRIMS, initiated by the Assam State Disaster Management Authority (ASDMA), aims for accurate
assessment and swift aid distribution post-disasters.
 Developed in collaboration with UNICEF, DRIMS efficiently records critical impact indicators to expedite
relief efforts.
 Tracks damages to crops, livestock, and infrastructure, facilitating faster post-disaster restoration.
 Chief Secretary released a handbook on disaster financial assistance, empowering affected
communities.
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About Assam
Capital: Dispur Chief minister: Himanta Biswa Sarma Governor: Gulab Chand Kataria
J&K: ‘Bagless Day 2024’ Observed In All The Government Schools Of Doda District
 In Jammu and Kashmir, 'Bagless Day 2024' was observed in all government schools of District Doda
to reduce pressure on school children.
 Activities such as yoga, exercise, sports, and cultural events were organized in the schools.
 The initiative aims to make teaching and learning more interesting and to infuse fresh enthusiasm
among children.
 The main objective is the physical, mental, and intellectual development of the students.
Thiruvananthapuram International Airport achieves zero waste to landfill accolade
 Thiruvananthapuram International Airport is the first airport in India to achieve the Zero Waste to
Landfill (ZWL) accolade.
 Awarded by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII-ITC) Centre of Excellence for Sustainable
Development, recognizing exceptional waste management and sustainability practices.
 The ZWL assessment confirmed the airport's 99.50% waste diversion from landfills.
 The airport achieved 100% diversion of plastic waste and municipal solid waste (MSW), including
wet and dry waste, from landfills.
 Achievements were driven by the 5R principles: Reduce, Reuse, Reprocess, Recycle, and Recover.
 For FY 2022-2023, ZWL practices were meticulously assessed, with major waste sources including
paper, cutlery, food, and road waste.
 The airport holds ISO 14001:2015 certification, mandating a comprehensive Environmental
Management System (EMS).
 Waste management system adheres to ISO 14001:2015 standards, involving waste segregation,
recycling, monitoring, and reduction.
 Designated sites for segregated waste collection are transferred to a recycling yard and recovery
facility.
 The accolade highlights the airport’s dedication to environmental stewardship and innovative waste
management.
 An Environment and Sustainability team works continuously to enhance environmental performance
and set new benchmarks in sustainability.
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About Kerala
CM:Pinarayi Vijayan Governor:Arif Mohammed Khan Capital: Thiruvananthapuram
Centre Sanctions Rs 21,253 Crore to Tackle Kerala’s Crisis
 The Indian Central Government gave the state of Kerala a lot of money at the end of May 2024 to
help it deal with its economic problems.
 Up until December 2024, the Centre has let Kerala borrow up to Rs 21,253 crores.
 Kerala has been having a lot of problems with its economy, like not paying its workers on time and
stopping progress on many state projects.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Employees of the Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) were hit hard by the economic
downturn, which messed up their pay streams.
 The approved borrowings are meant to boost Kerala’s economy by making sure that salaries and
pensions are paid on time, that important infrastructure projects like the Coastal Protection and the
Mini Harbour Project are completed, and that marine activities are supported. Also, the process of hiring
Coastal Police Officers (CPO) will be sped up, which will make the coast safer.\
 The money that was sent and the permission to borrow more is supposed to help Kerala’s economy
get better.
GAIL Commissions 10 MW Green Hydrogen Plant in Madhya Pradesh to Produce 4.3 Tonnes
 GAIL (India) Ltd has launched its first green hydrogen plant at Vijaipur, Madhya Pradesh, utilizing a
10-megawatt proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyser imported from Canada.
 The plant will produce approximately 4.3 tonnes of green hydrogen daily with a purity level of 99.999
percent, using renewable energy primarily from solar power to split water molecules.
 This initiative supports the National Green Hydrogen Mission, aiming to achieve an annual production
capacity of 5 million tonnes by 2030, as part of India’s strategy to reduce carbon emissions and meet
growing energy needs.
 Initially, the hydrogen produced will be used as fuel within the Vijaipur complex along with natural
gas, with future plans to distribute to retail customers in nearby areas.
 To sustain the hydrogen production, GAIL is establishing about 20 MW of solar power capacity at
Vijaipur, featuring both ground-mounted and floating solar panels.
Corporal Punishment
 The Tamil Nadu School Education Department has issued guidelines for the elimination of corporal
punishment in schools (GCEP) to protect the physical and mental well-being of students.
 The GCEP aims to create safe environments by addressing physical punishment, mental harassment,
and discrimination, with emphasis on mental well-being and awareness campaigns on child rights.
 Monitoring committees at each school, including heads, parents, teachers, and senior students, are to
oversee the implementation of these guidelines.
 The guidelines also propose affirmative actions against corporal punishment such as multidisciplinary
interventions, life-skills education, and mechanisms for amplifying children's voices.
 Corporal punishment, as defined by the UN and the National Commission for Protection of Child Rights
(NCPCR), includes any physical force causing pain or discomfort and various forms of mental
harassment.
 Statutory provisions against corporal punishment include the Right to Education Act (RTE), 2009,
which makes it a punishable offense, and the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015, which imposes penalties for
causing harm to juveniles.
 Judicial interpretations vary, with some courts upholding the use of corporal punishment under certain
conditions, reflecting differing views on its justification.
 NCPCR, a statutory body under the Ministry of Women & Child Development, plays a crucial role in
protecting child rights, including the elimination of corporal punishment in schools.
 International obligations under the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child declare all violent forms
of discipline against children as unacceptable.
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About Tamil Nadu
Chief minister: M. K. Stalin Governor: R. N. Ravi Capital: Chennai
Uttarakhand Tourism launched Nakshatra Sabha | Nakshatra Sabha is India’s first Astro Tourism
Campaign
 The Uttarakhand Tourism Development Board and Starscapes have launched India's first Astro
tourism campaign, Nakshatra Sabha, to promote astronomy-focused travel in Uttarakhand.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Nakshatra Sabha offers an inclusive Astro Tourism experience with activities like stargazing,
astrophotography contests, and camping under the stars, aimed at both domestic and international
tourists.
 This initiative is designed to make Uttarakhand a top destination for astro tourists due to its natural
beauty, abundant forest cover, and proximity to major cities.
 The campaign will start in June at George Everest in Mussoorie and will continue until mid-2025,
featuring events across various districts including Uttarkashi, Pithoragarh, Nainital, and Chamoli.
 Educational seminars and webinars by experts will be conducted to increase awareness and
education about astronomy.
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About Uttarakhand
Chief minister: Pushkar Singh Dhami Governor: Gurmit Singh Capital: Dehradun
Kerala on alert due to West Nile fever
 The Kerala government issued an alert against West Nile fever, a mosquito-borne viral infection,
following one death and eight cases reported from Kozhikode, Malappuram, and Thrissur districts.
 The deceased was a 79-year-old man from Thrissur, with additional cases predominantly in
Kozhikode.
 Health Minister Veena George reassured the public, citing ongoing infections since 2011, and directed
District Medical Officers to intensify pre-monsoon cleaning drives to control mosquito populations.
 The diagnosis of West Nile fever was confirmed through blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples tested at
the Virus Research and Diagnostic Lab and further validated by the National Institute of Virology in
Pune.
 Symptoms of West Nile fever include high fever, headache, neck stiffness, and in severe cases,
disorientation, stupor, and paralysis; however, 80% of infected individuals may show no
symptoms.
 The virus is primarily transmitted by Culex mosquitoes after feeding on infected birds, with no evidence
of human-to-human transmission.
 According to the World Health Organization (WHO), treatment is supportive, involving hospitalization,
intravenous fluids, respiratory support, and prevention of secondary infections, with no vaccine
available for humans.
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About Kerala
CM:Pinarayi Vijayan Governor:Arif Mohammed Khan Capital: Thiruvananthapuram
Uttarakhand Government Launches Pirul Lao Paise Pao Campaign
 The Uttarakhand government has initiated the "Pirul Lao-Paise Pao" campaign, led by Chief Minister
Pushkar Singh Dhami, to address severe forest fires in the state.
 The campaign encourages local youth and villagers to collect dry Pirul (Pine tree leaves), which are
highly inflammable and a significant fire hazard, and bring them to designated collection centers.
 Participants will be compensated Rs 50 per kg for collected Pirul, with payments made directly to their
bank accounts.
 Collected Pirul will be utilized in various industries, including a 25-kilowatt power plant in Chakori
Dhanari village, which uses Pirul as a raw material to generate electricity.
 This initiative not only aims to prevent forest fires but also to harness the estimated 23 lakh metric
tonnes of Pirul produced annually in Uttarakhand for producing about 200 megawatts of electricity.
 The Uttarakhand Pollution Control Board is tasked with overseeing this campaign, with a budget of
Rs 50 crore allocated to support the initiative.
 The campaign is considered critical due to the high flammability and slow decomposition of dry pine
leaves, which pose a persistent fire threat in the pine-rich regions of Uttarakhand.
 The state's forest coverage includes very dense forests, moderately dense forests, and open forests,
making comprehensive management essential to mitigate fire risks and utilize natural resources
effectively.

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May 2024
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About Uttarakhand
Chief minister: Pushkar Singh Dhami Governor: Gurmit Singh Capital: Dehradun
Arunachal Pradesh: 1st Edition Of Siang Biodiversity Meet- 2024 Underway At Gobuk & Ramsing
Villages In Upper Siang District
 The 1st Edition of the "Siang Biodiversity Meet- 2024" is currently being held from May 12 to May 18
in Gobuk and Ramsing villages, Upper Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh.
 This event is organized by the Gobuk Welfare Society in collaboration with the Epum Sirum Welfare
Society and supported by the Titli Trust and Mouling National Park cum Wildlife Division.
 Recent discoveries include 10 new species of moth in Upper Siang District, published in the
international scientific journal Tropical Lepidoptera Research, prompting the organization of the Siang
Biodiversity Meet.
 These discoveries are part of a community-led conservation initiative started in 2022 under the Titli
Trust-Royal Enfield project for Responsible Tourism.
 A comprehensive 65-day survey conducted over the last two years recorded over 250 butterfly
species, 650 moth species, 200 bird species, and numerous odonate species in the region.
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About Arunachal Pradesh
Chief minister: Pema Khandu Capital: Itanagar Governnor: Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik
The Tamil Nadu Food Safety Department has issued a circular on the use of liquid nitrogen
 Tamil Nadu Food Safety Department issued a circular stating that liquid nitrogen can only be used to
preserve packaged food.
 Use of liquid nitrogen for other purposes is prohibited.
 Liquid nitrogen is used as a food preservative to increase the shelf life of packaged foods.
 It expands 700 times when it evaporates, displacing oxygen in the food pack, preventing microbial
action, and improving shelf life and freshness.
 Liquid nitrogen is an inert, colorless, odorless cryogenic fluid.
 It is also used in cryotherapy for treating various cancers, including skin, bone, breast, cervical, eye,
kidney, liver, lung, and prostate cancers.
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About Tamil Nadu
Chief minister: M. K. Stalin Founded: 1773 Governor: R. N. Ravi Capital: Chennai
Pine Needle Power Projects
 Uttarakhand's pine needle power projects aim to mitigate forest fires and generate electricity but face
technological and practical challenges.
 In 2021, the Uttarakhand government announced a scheme to use pine needles as fuel for electricity
generation, aiming to establish multiple units from 10kW to 250kW.
 Only six units of 250kW have been established instead of the expected 58.
 Uttarakhand Renewable Energy Development Agency (UREDA) is involved.
 16.36% of Uttarakhand's forest area is covered by chir pine (Pinus roxburghii) forests, generating 15
lakh tonnes of pine needles annually.
 Using 40% of pine needles with agricultural residue could significantly aid power requirements and
provide employment.
 Ecological impact: Chir pine prevents the regeneration of localized species; using pine needles as fuel
is more efficient and less polluting.
 Pine needles in India's sub-Himalayan belt pose a fire hazard but can be converted into bio-oil,
briquettes, or biochar.
 Bio-oil can be used as fuel, while briquettes can be used in brick kilns or boilers.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Pine needles can be compacted into high-calorific value briquettes or converted into bio-oil through
pyrolysis.
 Challenges: Technological limitations, operational difficulties, steep forest slopes, vulnerability to animal
attacks, and insufficient labor.
 Chir Pine (Pinus roxburghii): Important conifer in the Himalayan region, named after William
Roxburgh.
 Geographic Origin: India, ecozone Indomalaya.
 Adapted to Montane Temperate Forests of the Himalayas; dense canopy limits other plant growth.
 Characteristics: Coniferous tree, dark-brown bark, leaves grouped three per bundle.
 Growing Conditions: Hardy, drought, and high-temperature resistant, requires full sun exposure.
 IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern.
Telangana govt. will pay ₹500 per quintal bonus for farmers
 Telangana government will pay ₹500 bonus per quintal for fine rice cultivated by farmers in the kharif
season.
 The decision was made by the Cabinet after discussing procurement of rabi foodgrains, school
amenities, and the interim report on Kaleshwaram lift irrigation project damage.
 Discussions were focused on emergency and urgent matters as per Election Commission directions.
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About Telangana
Capital: Hyderabad Governor:C. P. Radhakrishnan Chief minister: Anumula Revanth Reddy
Jaya Jayahe Telangana approved as the State song
 "Jaya Jayahe Telangana" has been officially declared as the State song of Telangana, as announced
by Chief Minister A. Revanth Reddy, with two versions available: a short one lasting 2.5 minutes and a
full version of 13.3 minutes.
 The song, penned by Andesri and composed by Oscar award winner M.M. Keeravani, played a
significant role in inspiring the movement for Telangana's separate statehood and has been adopted as
the State song without alterations.
 The song will be dedicated to the nation on June 2, aligning with the decennial celebrations of
Telangana's formation.
 Alongside adopting a new State song, the Telangana government is also considering changes to the
State emblem and the Telangana Talli statue, with over 500 models received for the new emblem from
artists across the state.
Manipur Takes Steps To Save Endangered Meitei Ponies
 Government of Manipur and equestrian groups initiated steps to prevent the extinction of the
Manipuri Pony (Meitei Sagol).
 Decisive steps for conservation include gathering ponies, designating temporary housing, creating a
task force, and ongoing consultation.
 Plans include studying grazing grounds, registering ponies through stud books, and creating a detailed
budget for pony management.
 Manipuri Pony is one of India's seven official horse breeds, historically significant, and originally bred for
Sagol Kangjei (polo).
 Population decline: From 1,898 in 2003 to 1,089 in 2019, due to urbanization, lack of polo fields,
disease, and cross-border migration.
 Manipuri Pony Conservation and Development Policy (MPCDP) was established in 2016; the breed
was listed as endangered in 2013.
 Chief Minister N Biren Singh allocated 30 acres in Lamphelpat, Imphal West, for a permanent home
for the ponies.

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May 2024
 MPCDP aims to protect the breed by creating shelters, supporting breeding programs, and promoting
the ponies in sports and tourism.
 The policy encourages research into the genetic traits and health issues of the Manipuri Pony to aid
population recovery.
Learn Along:
About Manipur
Capital: Imphal Governor: Anusuiya Uikey Chief minister: N. Biren Singh
Manipur guv launches ‘school on wheels’ for children in relief camps
 Manipur Governor Anusuiya Uikey launched a 'school on wheels' initiative for students in ethnic
violence-hit areas.
 The initiative aims to provide education to students in relief camps affected by the violence.
 The school bus is equipped with a library, smart TV, computer, and sports items.
 The initiative addresses the educational needs of around 18,000 students in 480 relief camps.
 Vidya Bharati Shiksha Vikas Samiti is implementing the initiative to ensure children in relief camps
receive necessary education.
REPORTS AND INDEXES

Mukesh Ambani and Gautam Adani in World’s Top 15 Super Rich List
 Mukesh Ambani and Gautam Adani are in the top 15 of the Bloomberg Billionaires Index.
 Mukesh Ambani, Chairman and MD of Reliance Industries Limited (RIL), is ranked 12th with a wealth
of $110 billion.
 RIL operates in petrochemicals, oil and gas, telecom, retail, and financial services.
 Gautam Adani, Chairman of Adani Group, is ranked 14th with a wealth of $100 billion.
 Adani Group operates in ports, airports, power generation and transmission, green energy, edible oils,
cement, and real estate.
 Adani re-entered the list after recovering from financial fraud accusations by Hindenburg Research in
2023, which led to a sharp drop in share prices and wealth erosion.
 Bernard Arnault of LVMH is the richest person in the world with a net worth of $222 billion.
 Jeff Bezos is the second richest with $208 billion, followed by Elon Musk with $187 billion.
 Bettencourt Meyers, owner of L'Oreal, is the first woman with $100 billion in wealth, ranked 14th.
 Carlos Slim from Mexico entered the list for the first time, ranked 13th with $106 billion.
Top 15 Richest People (All with $100 Billion+ Wealth):
1. Bernard Arnault - $220 billion, France, Consumer (LVMH)
2. Jeff Bezos - $207 billion, United States, Technology (Amazon)
3. Elon Musk - $190 billion, United States, Technology (Tesla)
4. Mark Zuckerberg - $168 billion, United States, Technology (Meta)
5. Larry Page - $156 billion, United States, Technology (Alphabet)
6. Bill Gates - $154 billion, United States, Technology (Microsoft)
7. Sergey Brin - $148 billion, United States, Technology (Alphabet)
8. Steve Ballmer - $145 billion, United States, Technology (Microsoft)
9. Warren Buffet - $138 billion, United States, Diversified (Berkshire Hathaway)
10. Larry Ellison - $138 billion, United States, Technology (Oracle)
11. Michael Dell - $138 billion, United States, Technology (Dell)
12. Mukesh Ambani - $110 billion, India, Energy (Reliance Industries)
13. Carlos Slim - $106 billion, Mexico, Diversified
14. Gautam Adani - $100 billion, India, Industry
15. Bettencourt Meyers - $99.9 billion, France, Consumer (L'Oreal)
World Wildlife Crime Report 2024

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 The UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) released the 3rd edition of the World Wildlife Crime
Report 2024, analyzing illegal wildlife trade from 2015 to 2021.
Trafficking in Animal and Plant Products:
 Rhino horn: Largest portion of illegal animal trade (29%), followed by pangolin scales (28%) and
elephant ivory (15%).
 Other illicitly traded animals: Eels, crocodilians, parrots, cockatoos, carnivores, turtles, tortoises, snakes,
and seahorses.
 Major illegally traded plants: Cedars and Sapindales (47%), rosewoods (35%), and agarwood and
other myrtales (13%).
Commodities in Trade:
 Coral pieces comprised 16% of all seizures; live specimens 15%; medicines made of animal
products 10%.
Bone Processing:
 Shift from destination countries to source nations (Africa, Latin America, Asia) for processing bones.
 Concerns about substituting lion and jaguar bones for tiger bones in traditional Chinese medicine.
Off-Track from SDG Goal 15.7:
 Illegal wildlife trade proportion increasing since 2017, worsened during the Covid-19 pandemic.
 Wildlife seizures reached 1.4-1.9% of global trade, compared to 0.5-1.1% in previous years.
Factors Responsible for Wildlife Crime:
 Organised commercial illegal sourcing: Poaching, illegal fishing, logging, involving power
relationships, corruption, and money laundering.
 Supplementary livelihoods and opportunism: Poor people engaging in poaching for survival or crop
protection.
 Black markets create new demands: Inventing new uses for products when legal uses decline.
 Corruption: Facilitates wildlife trafficking, undermines enforcement efforts.
 Cultural roots of poaching: Cultural traditions driving poaching practices.
Impacts of Wildlife Crime and Trafficking:
 Environmental impacts: Species overexploitation, ecological imbalances, introduction of invasive
species.
 Social and economic harms: Impact on livelihoods, estimated global economic losses of USD 1–2
trillion per year, health risks, harm to environmental defenders.
 Governance harms: Undermines rule of law, corruption, loss of government revenues, increased
enforcement costs.
Measures to Reduce Wildlife Crime:
 Banning illegal wildlife products: Reducing demand by making possession or trade illegal.
 Strengthening domestic regulations: Stricter enforcement of existing laws.
 Effective funding for wildlife protection: Better resource allocation and management.
 Public awareness and empowerment: Educating citizens to decrease demand and encourage
reporting.
Legal Frameworks for Wildlife Conservation in India:
Constitutional provisions:
 42nd Amendment Act, 1976: Forests and wildlife protection under central and state governments.
 Article 48A: State's duty to protect environment and wildlife.
 Article 51A (g): Fundamental duty of citizens to protect environment and wildlife.
Legal Framework:
 Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
 Environment Protection Act, 1986
 The Biological Diversity Act, 2002
Global wildlife conservation efforts:
 CITES, CMS, CBD, TRAFFIC, UNFF, IUCN, GTF
Nearly 6 million trees disappeared from farmlands: study

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 Researchers at the University of Copenhagen reported that India may have lost nearly 5.8 million
full-grown trees in agricultural lands from 2019 to 2022, according to a study published in Nature
Sustainability.
 The study used satellite imagery to observe that 11% of large trees visible in 2010-2011 were no
longer detected by 2018-2022, suggesting significant tree loss in farmlands.
 Despite these findings, the Forest Survey of India (FSI) reports an increase in overall tree cover in
India for 2021 compared to 2019, indicating that the loss may be specific to large trees in agricultural
areas rather than a general decline in tree cover.
 The research focused on individual trees in Indian farmlands using high-resolution imagery from
RapidEye and PlanetScope satellites, and applied machine learning to track changes.
 Hotspot areas of significant tree loss were identified, particularly in Telangana and Maharashtra,
where up to 50% of large trees were lost in some areas.
 The study emphasizes that the loss of tree cover in agricultural lands, which constitute about 56% of
India's land area, has been largely overlooked and is critical due to India having the largest agricultural
area globally.
 The analysis points out limitations in the resolution of data used by FSI, which relies on Sentinel
satellite data with a coarser resolution of 10 meters, potentially missing individual trees in their
assessments.
Global Report on Neglected Tropical Diseases 2024
 WHO released the 2024 Global report on neglected tropical diseases (NTD) ahead of the World
Health Assembly 77th session.
 The report reviews the progress of the Road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030.
Global Highlights:
 50 countries have eliminated at least one NTD by December 2023, halfway to the 2030 target.
 In 2023, 5 countries eliminated one NTD and 1 country eliminated two NTDs.
 Iraq became the 50th country to eliminate one NTD in July 2023.
 Noma was added to the list of NTDs in 2023.
 Bangladesh eliminated visceral leishmaniasis as a public health problem in October 2023.
 In 2022, 1.62 billion people required interventions against NTDs, a 26% decrease from 2010.
 848 million people received treatment for at least one NTD through preventive chemotherapy in 2022.
 Deaths from vector-borne NTDs increased by 22% compared to 2016.
India Highlights:
 India was certified free of dracunculiasis and yaws.
 In 2022, 40.56% of India's population needed interventions against NTDs.
 India treated about 117 million fewer people for lymphatic filariasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in
2022 compared to 2021.
Challenges:
 Slow recovery post-COVID-19, funding uncertainties, geopolitical disruptions, climate change, gaps in
knowledge and tools, and insufficient data in addressing NTDs.
Key Facts About NTDs:
 NTDs are caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, and toxins, affecting impoverished communities
in tropical areas.
 NTDs receive significantly less funding for research and treatment development compared to diseases
like HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis.
Global and Indian Initiatives to Tackle NTDs:
 WHO's 2021-2030 Roadmap prioritizes impact and encourages country ownership of NTD programs.
 2012 London Declaration promotes a unified approach to eliminate NTDs.
 India's Elimination Programs: Successful in eliminating guinea worm, trachoma, and yaws.
 WHO Collaborations: Regional alliances for early diagnosis and treatment, such as with Bangladesh
and Nepal.
 Mass Drug Administration (MDA): Distributes free anti-parasitic medication in high-risk areas.

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May 2024
 Vector Control Programs: Indoor Residual Spraying to prevent the spread of NTDs like Kala-azar.
 Financial Assistance: Wage compensation schemes for individuals affected by NTDs.
Conclusion:
 The 2024 WHO report shows progress but emphasizes the need for continued national and global
collaboration to overcome challenges and achieve the goal of eliminating neglected tropical diseases.
Learn Along:
About WHO
Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland Founded: 7 April 1948 Director-General: Tedros Adhanom
Ghebreyesus
India’s E-commerce Market
 India's E-Commerce Sector is projected to grow to USD 325 billion by 2030, positioning it as the 3rd
largest online retail market globally.
 The sector encompasses a broad range of activities including online retailing and digital payments,
with rapid advancements in technology and consumer behavior.
 Key growth statistics indicate a rise in online shoppers in India to 88 million in rural and 263 million
in urban areas by 2026, with significant annual growth rates.
 In fiscal year 2022-23, the Government e-Marketplace (GeM) recorded a Gross Merchandise Value of
USD 2011 billion.
 The e-commerce sector's current value stands at USD 70 billion, making up about 7% of India's total
retail market.
 Factors driving e-commerce growth include high smartphone penetration, affordable internet, and
improved logistics and supply chain frameworks supported by the National Logistics Policy.
 The sector is further bolstered by a growing middle-class, rising disposable incomes, and the
convenience of online shopping platforms like Zomato and Swiggy.
 Challenges such as counterfeit goods, infrastructural gaps, and cybersecurity threats need addressing
to maintain consumer trust and sector integrity.
 Government initiatives supporting e-commerce include 100% FDI in B2B and marketplace models, the
forthcoming National E-Commerce Policy, and the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC),
which aims to increase transparency and connect MSMEs with digital commerce.
 The Consumer Protection (e-commerce) Rules 2020 mandates transparency in product listings and
origins, enhancing consumer trust.
 Digital India and India Stack initiatives are key to leveraging digital infrastructure, aiming to expand e-
commerce's reach and efficiency.
 Measures to boost the sector include enhancing logistical infrastructure, employing AI and data analytics
for supply chain optimization, and ensuring a secure online payment environment compliant with PCI
DSS standards.
World Migration Report 2024
 The World Migration Report 2024, launched by the International Organization for Migration (IOM),
highlights significant global migration trends and is released biennially.
 India tops the list as the highest recipient of international remittances, maintaining this position in
2010, 2015, 2020, and 2022, with USD 111 billion received in 2022.
 Global remittances surged by 650% from USD 128 billion in 2000 to USD 831 billion in 2022, with USD
647 billion sent to low- and middle-income countries.
 Migrant workers, particularly from South Asia, face vulnerabilities including financial exploitation,
migration-induced debt, xenophobia, and workplace abuses.
 The displaced population globally reached a record high of 117 million by the end of 2022.
 India is identified as the origin for the largest number of international migrants, nearly 18 million, with
significant populations in the UAE, USA, and Saudi Arabia.

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 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are major destinations for migrant workers from countries
like India, Egypt, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Kenya, engaged primarily in construction, hospitality, and
other service sectors.
Climate Change in the Indian Mind, 2023
 A large study, “Climate Change in the Indian Mind, 2023”, shows significant concern about climate
change among Indians.
 Conducted by the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication and the Centre for Voting
Opinion & Trends in Election Research (CVoter) in September and October 2023.
 91% of respondents agree that global warming is real.
 59% are “very worried” about climate change.
 52% believe human actions are the main cause of global warming; 38% attribute it to natural changes.
 83% worry about the impact on plants and animals, and 82% fear for Indian people.
 71% think global warming significantly affects their local weather; 76% believe it impacts the
monsoons.
 78%+ say the Indian government should do more to combat global warming.
 86% strongly support policies to achieve Net Zero emissions by 2070 (26th UN Climate Change
Conference agreement).
Learn Along:
Additional Climate Change Awareness:
 Thwaites Glacier: Melting rapidly, raising global sea levels.
 Ocean Acidification: Increased by 30% since the Industrial Revolution.
 Arctic Vegetation: Becoming greener due to higher temperatures.
 Solar Dimming: Projects injecting light-reflecting particles to combat global warming.
 Paris Agreement: Few countries on track to meet CO2 emission targets.
 Climate Refugees: Severe weather could displace millions by 2050.
 Invisible CO2: Trees absorb CO2, but human emissions vastly exceed this.
 Climate Education: Less than 6% of schoolchildren received thorough climate education by 2021.
 Heat Waves: More frequent and severe, causing many deaths annually.
 Economic Effects: Climate change could cost global economies $23 trillion by 2050 due to extreme weather and
disrupted agriculture.
At $101.74 billion, China remained top import partner for India in FY2024
 China retained its position as India's top import partner in 2023-24, with imports totaling $101.74
billion, a 3.29% increase year-on-year, despite an overall 5.66% decline in India's total imports.
 Key imports from China included high-tech items like telecom and smartphone parts, laptops, PCs, and
industrial inputs such as plastics, iron, steel, and chemicals.
 The Global Trade Research Initiative (GTRI) noted the significant import dependence on China across
critical sectors such as electronics, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy, highlighting the risks of
supply-chain disruptions and the need for strategic reassessment to diversify sources and boost
domestic production.
 Russia rose to the second spot among India's top import sources in 2023-24, surpassing the UAE and
the U.S., with imports increasing by 34% to $61.44 billion, primarily consisting of oil.
2024 Work Trend Index
 The 2024 Work Trend Index Annual Report by Microsoft and LinkedIn highlights the rapid integration
of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in workplaces globally, emphasizing the importance of AI skills for
employment.
 AI utilization in the workplace has nearly doubled in the past six months, with approximately 75% of
knowledge workers incorporating AI into their daily tasks.

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 While 79% of business leaders see AI adoption as crucial for competitiveness, 59% struggle to quantify
its productivity benefits, and 60% lack a clear vision and strategy for AI implementation.
 The report identifies the 'Bring Your Own AI' (BYOAI) trend, where 78% of AI users introduce personal
AI tools at work, reflecting a shift in workplace dynamics.
 There is a significant skills gap in AI-related roles, with 55% of leaders concerned about finding
sufficient talent, particularly in cybersecurity, engineering, and creative design.
 Despite progress, many leaders face challenges moving from AI experimentation to tangible business
impacts due to a lack of clear AI vision and strategy, presenting opportunities for organizations investing
in structured AI training and integration strategies.
 The Work Trend Index Annual Report provides insights into emerging trends affecting work and
workplaces worldwide, helping organizations understand and adapt to dynamic shifts in work culture.
Study Reveals Environmental Cost of Digital Content Consumption
 Recent research published in Nature Communications highlights the environmental costs of digital
activities such as social media use, video streaming, and web browsing, which contribute to about 40%
of the per capita carbon budget to keep global warming below 1.5 degrees Celsius.
 These digital habits emit an average of 229 kilograms of CO2-equivalent per person per year,
accounting for approximately 3-4% of global per capita greenhouse gas emissions.
 The study goes beyond infrastructural aspects like data centers, extending to user-specific digital content
consumption patterns, which together consume 2-3% of global electricity.
 The environmental impact of digital consumption is significant, utilizing about 55% of the per capita
carrying capacity for mineral and metal resources, 20% for freshwater eutrophication, and over 10% for
particulate matter formation, ecotoxicity, and fossil resource use.
 To mitigate these impacts, researchers suggest decarbonizing the electricity sector and enhancing
carbon dioxide removal technologies to potentially reduce the climate impacts of digital activities to 12%
of the per capita carrying capacity by 2030.
 Recommendations for sustainable digital practices include increasing the lifespan of electronic devices
and holding producers accountable for the full lifecycle of their products, promoting durability and
reducing environmental impacts.
 The findings call for concerted efforts from all stakeholders to address the substantial environmental
costs associated with the growing digital lifestyle.
2024 World Wildlife Crime Report
 The 2024 World Wildlife Crime Report was released by the United Nations Office on Drugs and
Crime on May 13, 2024, covering illegal wildlife trade from 2015 to 2021.
Key Findings: Animal Species Key Findings: Plant Species

 Rhino Horn Market: Largest at 29%  Cedars and Sapindales Market: Largest at
 Pangolin Scales Market: Second largest at 47%
28%  Rosewoods Market: Second largest at 35%
 Elephant Ivory Market: Third largest at 15%  Agarwood and other Myrtales Market: Third
 Other affected species include eels, largest at 13%
crocodilians, parrots, cockatoos, carnivores,  Other affected species include golden chicken
turtles, tortoises, snakes, and seahorses. fern and orchids.
Seizures of Biodiversity Products Report Insights
 Corals: 16% of seizures  Analyzes trends, harms, and impact of wildlife
 Crocodilians: 9% crime.
 Elephants and Bivalve Molluscs: Each 6%  Highlights the adaptability of traffickers despite
 Commodity Seizures global action.
 Coral Pieces: 16% of all seizures

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 Live Specimens: 15%

 Animal Product Medicines: 10%
Recommendations
 Stronger Coherence and Cooperation: International collaboration across the trade chain.
 Increased Investment: Enhance data and analytical capabilities.
 Addressing Corruption and Technology: Modernize criminal justice responses.
 Strategic Interventions: Prioritize measures to mitigate wildlife trafficking.
 Emphasizes addressing organized crime to tackle wildlife crime.
India is now third largest producer of solar power
 According to Ember’s Reprt In 2023, India surpassed Japan to become the world's third-largest
producer of solar power, generating 113 billion units (BU) compared to Japan's 110 BU.
 Despite ranking fifth in total installed power capacity with 73 gigawatts (GW), India trails Japan, which
holds the third position globally with 83 GW.
 The share of solar power in India's energy mix is increasing, yet a significant gap exists between
installed capacity and actual power output, with solar making up 18% of the total installed capacity but
only 6.66% of the electricity produced.
 Power demand in Japan decreased by 2% in 2023, aiding India's ascent in solar power rankings,
though it is uncertain if this trend will continue.
 The global leader in solar production is China, with 584 BU in 2024, significantly outpacing other
countries.
 Renewable energy sources contributed to 30% of the global electricity in 2023, with China leading the
increase in solar and wind generation.
 Ember's report suggests that fossil fuel generation may have peaked in 2023, with expectations of a
decline in 2024 and beyond, indicating a significant shift towards renewable energy sources.
Mumbai & Delhi Among 50 Wealthiest Cities of World: Henley & Partners
 Mumbai and Delhi have been included in the top 50 of the world's wealthiest cities for the first time,
ranking 24th and 37th respectively, according to the Wealthiest Cities Report 2024 by Henley &
Partners and New World Wealth.
 The report defines wealthy individuals as HNWIs (High Net Worth Individuals) who possess a liquid
investable wealth of USD 1 million or more. It also categorizes centi-millionaires as having wealth
over USD 100 million, and billionaires over USD 1,000 million.
 New York City leads as the world’s wealthiest city with 349,500 millionaires, holding a combined
wealth of over $3 trillion.
 In terms of millionaire distribution, Mumbai houses 58,800 millionaires, 236 centi-millionaires, and 29
billionaires; Delhi includes 30,700 millionaires, 123 centi-millionaires, and 16 billionaires.
 The Asia-Pacific region is highlighted in the report, with five cities in the top ten wealthiest, including
Tokyo (3rd), Singapore (4th), Sydney (8th), Hong Kong (9th), and Beijing (10th).
 Dubai is noted as the wealthiest city in West Asia, ranked 21st globally.
 Shenzhen, China, is identified as the fastest-growing millionaire city, with its millionaire population
increasing by 140% over the last ten years. Other notable rapidly growing millionaire cities include
Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Delhi, Beijing, Shanghai, and Mumbai.
World Migration Report 2024
 The World Migration Report 2024, released by the International Organization for Migration (IOM),
discusses the role of migration as a crucial element for economies, societies, and families globally,
despite facing significant challenges in a changing world.

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Key challenges highlighted include:

 Geopolitical conflicts, such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the conflict in Gaza, affecting
global migration and displacement.
 Environmental degradation exacerbating climate change and its severe implications for human
mobility.
 Technological advances, such as artificial intelligence, impacting migration systems and potentially
widening digital divides.
Migration data from the report:
 There are 281 million international migrants as of 2020, making up 3.6% of the global population.
 169 million migrant workers were recorded globally in 2019.
 Approximately 8,500 migrants were reported dead or missing in 2023.
 USD 831 billion was sent in international remittances in 2022.
 117 million people were living in displacement at the end of 2022.
 The report underscores migration’s positive impacts, such as being a driver of human development and
generating benefits for migrants and their countries of origin. However, it also emphasizes the rising
challenges due to forced displacement and environmental impacts.
 Climate change is a significant factor expected to drive 216 million people to relocate within their own
countries by 2050 across six continents.
The report provides a detailed look at how different regions are affected:
 North Africa and the Sahel region are facing increased droughts and decreased rainfall.
 East and Southern Africa are experiencing more frequent and intense climate-related disasters.
 In Asia, particularly the Indian subcontinent, climate-related events like the 2022 floods in Pakistan have
caused significant displacement.
 The Americas, Caribbean, and Oceania are also facing environmental challenges that drive both
internal and international migration.
Regarding India, noted as a significant player in global migration:
 India is the largest remittance-receiving country, with over USD 111 billion in 2022.
 The country experiences substantial internal migration due to climate impacts, especially from states like
Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh.
 18 million Indians reside abroad, with major populations in the UAE, USA, and Saudi Arabia.
Learn Along:
 The International Organization for Migration, established in 1951 and becoming a related organization of the
United Nations in 2016, plays a key role in addressing global migration issues with 175 Member States and its
headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.
Recipe For A Livable Planet Report of World Bank
World Bank's "Recipe for a Livable Planet" Report

 Annual investments of USD 260 billion needed to halve agrifood emissions by 2030 and achieve net
zero by 2050.
 This figure is twice the current amount spent on agricultural subsidies.
About the Report
 Provides a global framework for reducing agrifood system's impact on climate change.
 Outlines ways to lower GHG emissions while ensuring food security.
Potential and Benefits of Agrifood System Reform
 Global agrifood system can decrease nearly a third of world's GHG emissions.
 Measures enhance food security, increase climate resilience, and protect vulnerable communities.
Agrifood's Role in Climate Change
 Agrifood contributes roughly one-third of global GHG emissions, more than heat and electricity
combined.
 About three-quarters of these emissions come from developing countries.
Big Opportunities Highlighted
 Agrifood offers cost-effective climate action opportunities.
 Financial outlay to halve emissions by 2030 would yield substantial returns.

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 Countries have opportunities for action at various levels.

Key Highlights Related to India
 India is one of the top 3 countries in terms of annual agrifood emissions.
 Around 80% of India's technical mitigation potential in agriculture could be achieved through cost-saving
measures.
 Key mitigation options include better livestock feeding, fertiliser management, and water management.
 India needs to curb methane emissions and reduce food loss and waste.
Way Forward
 Governments and businesses should de-risk private climate investments.
 Policymakers should implement measures to accelerate agrifood system transformation.
 Improving GHG monitoring and verification systems using digital technologies can help.
 Expanding cost-effective mitigation technologies and increasing R&D investments is crucial.
 Institutions must facilitate agrifood mitigation opportunities in a coordinated manner.
 The transformation must ensure a just transition by protecting vulnerable groups like smallholder
farmers.
Learn Along:
About World Bank
Headquarters: Washington, D.C., United States Founded: July 1944 President: Ajay Banga
India press freedom score falls, says Reporters sans Frontieres
 India's rank improved slightly to 159 (from 161) in the 2024 World Press Freedom Index released by
Reporters Without Borders (RSF), although the improvement was due to poorer performance by other
countries rather than a betterment in India’s situation.
 The report highlights that press freedom is in crisis in India, with issues like violence against
journalists, highly concentrated media ownership, and political alignment.
 RSF’s broader observations indicate a global trend where governments fail to support journalism,
impacting the public’s access to reliable and diverse news.
 In regional context, India's press freedom ranking is lower than several neighbors including Pakistan
(152), Sri Lanka (15), Nepal (74), and Maldives (106), but higher than Afghanistan (178), Bangladesh
(165), and Myanmar (171).
Learn Along:
About RSF
 Reporters Without Borders is an international non-profit and non-governmental organization focused on
safeguarding the right to freedom of information.
Founder: Robert Menard Headquarters: Paris, France Founded: 1985
WHO Report on Global Immunisation
 World Health Organization (WHO) study shows global immunization saved an estimated 154 million
lives over 50 years.
 Released during World Immunization Week, marking 50 years of the Expanded Programme on
Immunization (EPI).
 Key findings: Immunization is crucial for healthy lives of babies; measles vaccine alone saved about
94 million lives.
 Global measles vaccine coverage is 83% for the first dose and 74% for the second; 95% coverage is
necessary to prevent outbreaks.
 DPT vaccine coverage: From less than 5% pre-EPI to 84% today, covering diphtheria, tetanus, and
pertussis.
 Reduction in infant deaths: Over 40% for diseases like measles, polio, and tetanus; above 50%
reduction in the African Region.
 Eradication of diseases: Wild poliovirus decreased by over 99% since 1988; India declared polio-
free in 2014.
 Full health years gained: 10.2 billion over five decades, averaging 66 years per life saved.

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May 2024
 India’s Universal Immunization Programme (UIP): Among the world's largest, annually vaccinates
over 30 million; 76.1% full immunization coverage.
 Challenges: 14.3 million infants missed the first DPT vaccine in 2022; significant child mortality
from preventable diseases.
 Immunization Agenda 2030 and World Immunization Week are major global initiatives to enhance
vaccine coverage.
Learn Along:
About WHO
Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland Founded: 7 April 1948 DG: Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
India replaces China as top Russia oil importer
 India surpassed China to become the world's largest buyer of discounted Russian seaborne crude
oil in April, with imports increasing by 12% to a nine-month high, according to data from Vortexa.
 Indian imports of Russian oil in April were 450,000 barrels per day (bpd) higher than Chinese imports,
making India account for 35% of Russia's total crude exports.
 The shift in sourcing preferences was influenced by the drying up of cheaper Venezuelan supplies
due to the US reimposing sanctions on Venezuela, with a possibility of sanctions easing if democratic
reforms progress.
 Russian crude supply to India rose to 1.85 million bpd in April, up from 1.65 million bpd in March, as
per Kpler.
 The primary crude type procured by Indian refiners is the medium, sour Urals, which made up 77% of
Russian oil imports by India in April, due to its lower price compared to sweeter crudes.
 The price difference between Urals and sweeter crudes is approximately $8-$10 per barrel, allowing
trading below the $60 per barrel price cap imposed by G-7 nations to avoid Western sanctions.
 Venezuelan shipments to India saw a significant reduction, from 4.78 million barrels in March to 2
million barrels in April, following the end of a six-month relaxation in US sanctions.
 Overall, shipments from Iraq to India also declined to 878,000 bpd, down from 1.16 million bpd last
month, aligning more closely with the three-month average of 1.05 million bpd.
Kathmandu Tops The List Of Cities With Unhealthy Air In The World
 The Ministry of Health and Population of Nepal has issued an advisory for people to wear masks due
to increasing air pollution in the Kathmandu valley.
 Kathmandu is ranked as the most polluted city in the world according to IQAir, which measures real-
time pollution in 101 global cities.
 The public is advised to avoid unnecessary outdoor activities and stay clear of highly polluted areas
to reduce health risks.
 The World Air Quality Index-Ranking also lists Kathmandu’s air as the top in the world’s unhealthy air
list.
 Air pollution in Kathmandu significantly affects health, increasing the risk of diseases like asthma and
cancer, and has reduced the average life expectancy by 4.1%.
 With the onset of summer, the Ministry also warns against heatwaves and advises staying hydrated and
limiting outdoor activities during peak heat times.
 Hospitals and health facilities in Nepal have reported an increase in patient numbers due to the
compounded effects of heat and pollution.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has released a report outlining a roadmap
for a Regenerative Blue Economy (RBE)
 The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has released a roadmap for the
Regenerative Blue Economy (RBE), which aims to restore and revitalize ocean health beyond
traditional sustainability.

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May 2024
Key tiers of the Blue Economy defined:

 Ocean/Brown Economy: Basic economic activities related to the ocean, including traditional maritime
sectors like shipping and fisheries.
 Sustainable Blue Economy: Extends to include environmental sustainability, ecosystem protection, and
aligns with the UN Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 14 on conserving ocean
resources.
 Regenerative Blue Economy: Focuses on active restoration and revitalization of marine ecosystems,
emphasizing low or no carbon activities and inclusive economic systems that promote community well-
being and resilience.
Founding principles of RBE include:

 Protection and restoration of marine and coastal ecosystems.
 Inclusive and participatory governance with transparent, flexible legal frameworks.
 Implementation as a priority in island states, recognizing the unique needs of coastal and indigenous
populations.
 Blue Carbon: Highlighted as a crucial component, referring to carbon stored in coastal ecosystems like
mangroves, which are significant for climate change mitigation and can be a part of emerging market
opportunities.
Global Initiatives supporting RBE:

 IUCN Nature 2030, aligning conservation with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
 Great Blue Wall Initiative, an African-led effort to protect ocean ecosystems and promote a
regenerative blue economy.
 Clean Seas Campaign by UNEP, focusing on reducing plastic pollution.
 India’s related efforts:
 Maritime India Vision 2030.
 Deep Ocean Mission.
 Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana.
 Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM).
 Blue Economy 2.0 initiative.
MSMEs contribute 62% to employment in India: McKinsey Global Institute
 Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India contribute 62% to employment, less than
the 77% seen in other emerging economies.
 These MSMEs contribute 30% to India's overall business value added, with 40% in sectors like
manufacturing, professional services, and ICT. This figure stands at 49% in other emerging economies.
 The majority of MSME employment in India is concentrated in micro-MSMEs, which only contributed
about 10% to top cap companies, compared to about 20% in other sampled countries.
 Productivity of MSMEs in India is low, at only 26% compared to large companies, similar to the 29% in
other emerging markets.
 The McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) report suggests that enhancing MSME productivity could add up
to 10.5% to India's GDP, especially through growth in sectors like computer programming, telecom,
manufacturing, and engineering.
EIU: India GDP growth likely to outpace China’s in 2024-28
 The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) Global Outlook report predicts India to be the fastest-growing
major economy from 2024 to 2028, outpacing China’s economic growth.
 According to the EIU, a significant economic shift is anticipated by the mid-2040s, with BRICS nations
expected to surpass the G7 in terms of nominal GDP.
 The EIU has adjusted its real GDP growth forecast for India in 2024 to 2.5%, up slightly from the
previous estimate of 2.4%.

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May 2024
 The report highlights that economic growth in 2024 is expected to remain stable rather than decline,
demonstrating resilience despite high interest rates and geopolitical uncertainties.
 Over the next five years, the global economy is projected to grow at an average rate of 2.8% annually.
 This period will also see increased economic fragmentation and regionalization, which may impact
global growth dynamics.
IUCN Report on Mangrove Ecosystems
 The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) issued a report titled "Red List of
Mangrove Ecosystems," indicating that half of the world's mangrove ecosystems are at risk of collapse,
marking the first comprehensive global assessment of these ecosystems.
 Over 50% of the world's mangrove ecosystems are classified as vulnerable, endangered, or critically
endangered, with one-third particularly threatened by sea-level rise.
 The mangrove ecosystem in South India, along with those in Sri Lanka and Maldives, is categorized as
"critically endangered."
 Climate change is identified as the major global threat to mangroves, followed by deforestation,
development, pollution, and dam construction, affecting 33% of mangroves.
 In India, mangroves cover approximately 4,975 sq km, which is about 0.15% of the country's total
geographical area, with a 1.10% increase from the previous assessment.
 Indian initiatives like the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification (2019) and the Mangrove Initiative
for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes (MISHTI) launched in 2023-24 aim to enhance mangrove
conservation, involving restrictions on harmful activities and promoting sustainable development.
 Challenges facing mangroves include habitat destruction, climate change, pollution, and lack of
integrated management, necessitating strengthened legal protections and community involvement in
conservation efforts.
Oxford Global Cities Index Report 2024
 Delhi ranked 350th in the 2024 Oxford Economics Global Cities Index, the highest among Indian
cities.
 The Oxford Economics Global Cities Index analyzes 1,000 cities globally based on Economics,
Human Capital, Quality of Life, Environment, and Governance.
 Delhi ranked 55th in Human Capital and 108th in Economics.
 Other Indian cities, Bengaluru and Mumbai, ranked 411th and 427th respectively.
 Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh ranked 1000th.
 The index highlights that the cities included contribute to 60% of the world's GDP and are home to 30%
of the global population.
 The index forecasts significant economic growth for Indian cities like Delhi and Mumbai up to 2035.
 Technologically advanced cities such as San Francisco and Seattle are expected to lead in income
growth.
 Cities like Jakarta and Manila are noted for rapid economic growth despite infrastructural challenges.
 European cities grow slower but maintain high income levels per capita.
 New York is ranked as the best city globally, with Delhi as the best in India.
India Climbs to 39th in Global Tourism Index 2024
 India moved up to the 39th spot on the World Economic Forum’s Travel & Tourism Development
Index (TTDI) 2024.

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May 2024
 Global tourism has returned to pre-pandemic levels, with the United States topping the list, followed by
Spain, Japan, France, and Australia.
 India is now the best lower-middle-income economy in South Asia and was the 54th-best economy
globally in 2021.
 Changes to the index’s parameters make direct comparison with past years difficult.
Key Strengths and Resource Pillars:
 Price Competitiveness: Ranked 18th, making India highly affordable for travelers.
 Air Transport Infrastructure: Positioned at 26th, indicating robust facilities.
 Ground/Port Infrastructure: Ranked 25th, showcasing strong transportation systems.
 Natural Resources: Holds a strong 6th position, emphasizing rich natural attractions.
 Cultural Resources: Ranked 9th, highlighting vast cultural heritage.
 Non-Leisure Resources: Also ranked 9th, underlining diverse attractions.
Economic Impact and Recovery Rates:
 Foreign tourist arrivals and tourism’s contribution to global GDP will return to pre-pandemic levels in
2024 due to lifted COVID-19 restrictions and pent-up demand.
 Middle East recovery rates are 20% higher than in 2019.
 Europe, Africa, and the Americas have recovery rates of about 90% in 2023.
World Economic Forum’s TTDI:
 The index examines policies and factors for sustainable growth in travel and tourism.
 Replaced the Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report.
 Evaluates business environment, safety, security, health, hygiene, human resources, and climate
sustainability.
 Stresses resilience and innovation post-COVID-19.
 Introduces new indicators for future readiness, promoting sustainable and inclusive practices.
India rises to 39th position in WEF index for travel, tourism development
 India climbed to 39th position in the World Economic Forum's "Travel & Tourism Development
Index 2024".
 United States led the rankings; India was the top performer in South Asia and among lower-middle-
income nations.
 India improved from 54th in 2021, though changes in index criteria limit direct comparison with 2022 and
2023.
 Top four countries: Spain, Japan, France, and Australia.
 India shows high price competitiveness (18th) and has competitive air transport (26th) and ground
and port infrastructure (25th).
 India ranks highly in natural (6th), cultural (9th), and non-leisure (9th) resources, one of only three
countries in the top 10 for all resource pillars.
 Despite a decline since 2019, India performs well in sustainability in travel and tourism demand,
especially in sustainable long stays among inbound visitors.
 Global inflation has impacted India's price competitiveness and recovery in air transport and tourist
services infrastructure.
 India's Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI) score is 2.1% lower than 2019.
 High-income economies in Europe and Asia-Pacific lead the index.
 International tourist arrivals and travel and tourism sector's GDP contribution are expected to
return to pre-pandemic levels due to lifted travel restrictions and strong demand.
 71 of 119 economies increased their scores between 2019 and 2024, with the average index score up
by 0.7% from pre-pandemic levels.
 West Asia showed the highest recovery in international tourist arrivals, surpassing 2019 levels by 20%,
while Europe, Africa, and the Americas showed robust recoveries of about 90% in 2023.
 Germany ranked 6th, followed by the UK, China, Italy, and Switzerland in the top ten.
 High-income economies generally maintain better conditions for travel and tourism development due to
favorable business environments, dynamic labor markets, open travel policies, and robust infrastructure.

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May 2024
 Developing nations are improving conditions for travel and tourism, but more effort is needed to close
the gap with developed nations.
 Among significant improvements: Saudi Arabia (+5.7%) and the United Arab Emirates (+4.4%) among
high-income economies; Uzbekistan (+7.8%), Côte d'Ivoire (+6.4%), Albania (+5.9%), Tanzania
(+4.5%), and Indonesia (+4.5%) among developing nations.
World Bank Report on Global Water Crisis
 World Bank Report: "Water for Shared Prosperity" highlights global water crisis and its impact on
human and economic development.
Key Highlights:
Water Scarcity Statistics:
 2.2 billion people lack access to safe drinking water.
 3.5 billion lack access to safely managed sanitation.
 80% without basic services are in rural areas.
Regional Disparities:
 China and India hold 36% of global population but only 11% of freshwater.
 Africa and Asia face significant water stress.
 Low-income countries see regression in safe water access since 2000.
Climate Change Impact:
 Over 800 million people at high risk of drought; twice as many in flood-prone areas.
 By 2100, drought impacts 15% more global land area, nearly 50% with temperature effects.
 Regions most affected include Central Europe, Asia, Horn of Africa, India, North America, Amazonia,
and central Australia.
Human Capital and Economic Growth:
 Access to water and sanitation crucial for educational attainment and human capital development.
 56% of jobs in low-income countries are in water-intensive sectors.
 62% of employment in Sub-Saharan Africa is water-dependent.
Social Cohesion and Conflict:
 Effective water management fosters community trust and reduces conflicts.
Recommended Interventions:
 Strengthening resilience to hydro-climatic risks.
 Better development, management, and allocation of water resources.
 Promoting equitable and inclusive delivery of water services.
World Water Forum 2024:
 Theme: Water for Shared Prosperity.
 Jointly organized by the Government of Indonesia and the World Water Council.
 Largest global event for water community and decision-makers to collaborate on water challenges.
Water Scarcity in India:
India’s Water Crisis:
 600 million people face high to extreme water stress.
 8 million children at risk due to poor water supply.
 India ranks 120th out of 122 in water quality index; 70% of water contaminated.
Disproportionate Water Resources:
 India has 4% of global freshwater but 18% of global population.
Strained Water Availability:
 Declining groundwater levels; critical in many areas.
 Seasonal changes causing rivers and reservoirs to dry up.
Impact on Agriculture and Food Security:
 Agriculture is a major water consumer.
 Potential demand-supply gap of 570 billion cubic meters by 2030.
 Water scarcity could lead to 50% decline in agricultural productivity by 2050.
Economic Consequences:

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May 2024
 Water scarcity could cost India up to 6% of GDP by 2050.

Climate Change Impact:
 Erratic monsoon rainfall and higher evaporation rates.
 Rapid glacial melt disrupting water flow patterns.
 Severe water crisis in southern India due to low reservoir levels.
India’s Water Conservation Initiatives:
 AMRUT, Sahi Fasal campaign, Swachh Bharat Mission, Jal Jeevan Mission, Jal Kranti Abhiyan,
National Water Mission, National Rural Drinking Water Programme, NITI Aayog Composite
Water Management Index, Jal Shakti Abhiyan, Atal Bhujal Yojana, National Water Policy 2012,
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana, Per Drop More Crop.
Way Forward:
 Micro-Irrigation Techniques: Drip irrigation and sprinklers.
 Rainwater Harvesting: Storing rainwater.
 Desalination: Treating seawater for use.
 Wastewater Treatment: For irrigation and non-potable uses.
 Nature-Based Solutions: Restoring wetlands and natural water bodies.
 Water ATMs: Providing treated water via prepaid cards.
 Climate-Smart Agriculture: Drought-resistant crops.
 Public Awareness Campaigns: Educating on water conservation.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

New plant species discovered from Edamalayar forest range
 New Plant Species Discovery: Scientists from SNM College Maliankara, National Botanical
Research Institute, and King Fahd University discovered a new plant species, Emblica chakrabartyi,
in the Edamalayar forest range of Kerala.
 Naming: Named after Tapas Chakrabarty, former scientist at the Botanical Survey of India, for his
contributions to the study of the Phyllanthaceae family.
 Publication: Findings published in Nordic Journal of Botany by John Wiley & Sons.
 Discovery Details: Around 55 plants found in Edamalayar and nearby Sholayar forest areas during
a UGC-sponsored research project on Ernakulam district's flowering plants.
Plant Features:
 Height: Approximately 2 meters.
 Leaves: Large, shiny, elongated oval shape, up to 13 cm.
 Flowering and Fruiting: December to June.
 Flowers: Male flowers in inflorescence, female flowers single on leaf axils with six yellowish-green
petals.
 Fruits: Brown to black when ripe, seeds are black, about 8-9 mm in diameter.
 Habitat: Generally grows as shrubs in tropical rain forests. 55 species of the genus Emblica
recorded worldwide; this is the eleventh from India.
 Significance: Emblica chakrabartyi is the 16th new plant species discovered from Ernakulam
district by Dr. Sunil and his team within 12 years.
Oldest Known Human Viruses Discovered In 50,000-Year-Old Neanderthal Bones
 Neanderthals lived in Eurasia but disappeared around 40,000 years ago.

 Molecular scientist Marcelo Briones found viral DNA fragments in 50,000-year-old Neanderthal
bones.
 These fragments indicate Neanderthals had diseases similar to adenovirus, herpesvirus, and
papillomavirus.
 Extracting and sequencing ancient DNA is challenging, yet Briones’ team succeeded in identifying viral
genomes in Neanderthal populations.

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May 2024
Extinction Factors:
 Climate change, competition with modern humans, and pandemics possibly contributed to
Neanderthal extinction.
 Neanderthal tool culture (Mousterian) disappeared around the same time they vanished.
Interbreeding:
 Genetic studies show interbreeding with Homo sapiens, contributing up to 2% of modern Eurasian
DNA.
Vulnerabilities:
 Neanderthals needed more energy due to their strong bodies, making them vulnerable during resource
shortages.
 They had lower birth rates and smaller communities, hindering their adaptability to changing
environments.
Ancient DNA Analysis:
 Homo sapiens and Neanderthals interbred about 50,000 years ago, aiding human development.
 Shotgun sequencing helps recover DNA from severely damaged samples, aiding historical pathogen
studies.
 2019 study analyzed DNA from an extinct species living 1.9 million years ago, pushing the limits of
genetic material recovery.
Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences to Launches PRAGATI-2024
 PRAGATI-2024 is an event hosted by the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences
(CCRAS) under the Ministry of Ayush to explore research opportunities and foster collaboration
between CCRAS and the Ayurveda drug industry.
 The primary goals include utilizing CCRAS's research outcomes, establishing networks for collaborative
research, identifying industrial partners, and promoting entrepreneurship in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics.
 The event features four specialized technical sessions, including product development initiatives, panel
discussions on drug development challenges, industry expectations, and focused group discussions on
research priorities.
 Representatives from 35 pharmaceutical companies and experts from organizations like CII, Ayush
Excil, PCIMH, and NRDC will participate, with a dossier of CCRAS formulations and instruments
presented for discussion.
 The expected outcome is to identify potential industrial partners, enhance networking, and benefit
Ayurvedic clinicians and patients through improved drug development and research collaboration.
NASA Launches Satellite PREFIRE to Monitor and Mitigate Climate Change
 NASA’s PREFIRE mission began on May 25, 2024, aiming to enhance climate prediction and
understanding through new scientific discoveries and technological advances.
 The mission launched from Launch Complex 1 in Māhia, New Zealand, deploying two CubeSats via
Rocket Lab’s Electron rocket to measure heat emissions from the Earth’s polar regions.
 PREFIRE satellites will use infrared technology to measure heat loss from above the Arctic and
Antarctic, providing direct observations that are crucial for accurate climate models.
 Current climate models rely mostly on theoretical predictions, making PREFIRE’s direct
measurements vital for understanding polar ice melt, sea ice loss, and the Earth’s energy balance.
 The data gathered will improve climate models to predict sea level rise and weather trends,
benefiting areas like agriculture, fisheries, and coastal management.
 PREFIRE targets wavelengths between 15 and 100 microns, important for understanding polar cloud
and surface energy processes, which have been under-studied.
 The mission’s findings will enhance predictions of climate behavior in polar regions and globally,
contributing to better climate forecasting and modelling.

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May 2024
Learn Along:
About NASA
Founded: 29 July 1958 Headquarters: Washington, D.C., United States
New Algal Species Discovered in Kerala’s Western Ghats by Phycologists
 Scientists from Catholicate College’s Department of Botany discovered a new species of algae,
Oedocladium sahyadricum, in the Western Ghats, highlighting the region's biodiversity.
 Researchers Merin Grace Jiji, Binoy T. Thomas, and Thomas V.P. found the algae in the
Kumbhavurutty region of Kollam district, emphasizing the unique weather and soil conditions of the
Western Ghats.
 Oedocladium sahyadricum is dioecious, grows on land, has an advanced operculum, oval
oogonium, and oospore for reproduction, and changes color from green to yellowish-green as it
matures.
 The Western Ghats, stretching 1,600 km along India's west coast, are older than the Himalayas and are
recognized as one of the world's eight ‘hottest hotspots’ of biological diversity.
 The Western Ghats influence India's monsoon weather patterns and were declared a UNESCO World
Heritage site in 2012 due to their exceptional biodiversity and endemic species.
IIT-Bombay, TCS to build India’s first Quantum Diamond Microchip Imager
 IIT Bombay has partnered with Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) to develop India’s first Quantum
Diamond Microchip Imager, aimed at enhancing the precision and efficiency of semiconductor chip
examinations.
 This new technology is expected to reduce chip failures and improve the energy efficiency of
electronic devices by enabling precise quality control and non-destructive examination of semiconductor
chips.
 Over the next two years, TCS experts will collaborate with Dr. Kasturi Saha of IIT Bombay to develop
this quantum imaging platform in the institute's PQuest Lab.
 The Quantum Diamond Microchip Imager will use defects in diamond structure, known as Nitrogen-
Vacancy (NV) centres, to image magnetic fields and detect anomalies in semiconductor chips, similar to
how an MRI works.
 This project aligns with the National Quantum Mission of India, aiming to position the country as a
global leader in quantum technology, with potential wide-ranging applications across electronics,
healthcare, and more.
 The collaboration between IIT Bombay and TCS is not new but part of a longstanding partnership
that includes joint research projects, educational programs, and more, emphasizing a robust industry-
academia collaboration.
India to sign 6G co-operation agreement with European body
 India's Bharat 6G Alliance is poised to partner with the European telecom industry body Industry
Alliance 6G to foster development in 6G technology.
 An agreement between both parties is expected to be formalized soon, with detailed collaboration
contours to be defined and signed in the upcoming quarter.
 The partnership may involve a memorandum of understanding (MoU), similar to the one Bharat 6G
signed with the US last September, enhancing international collaboration on 6G technologies and supply
chain resilience.
 Bharat 6G Alliance, established in 2023 by the Department of Telecommunications, unites industry,
academia, and research institutions to advance 6G technology development in India.

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May 2024
 The Alliance aims to drive the design, development, and deployment of 6G technologies in India,
facilitating market access for Indian firms abroad and contributing actively to international standardization
bodies like 3GPP and ITU.
 This initiative also aligns with the broader EU-India Trade and Technology Council efforts, recently
marked by an MoU on semiconductor cooperation, signaling expanding high-tech cooperation between
India and the European Union.
Indianorigin astronaut Sunita Williams set to fly into space for a third time
 Indian-origin astronaut Sunita Williams will pilot Boeing's Starliner spacecraft in its first crewed test
flight to the International Space Station from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
 This flight marks Boeing's first attempt at sending astronauts to orbit with its space capsule, in
collaboration with United Launch Alliance LLC (ULA).
 The mission utilizes ULA's Atlas rocket, historically used for cargo, to launch humans for the first time,
highlighting its nearly two-decade record of reliability.
ISRO finds proof of enhanced possibility of water ice in polar craters of the moon
 A study by ISRO’s Space Applications Centre (SAC) and partners including IIT Kanpur, University of
Southern California, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and IIT (ISM) Dhanbad has highlighted potential
significant water ice presence in lunar polar craters.
 Findings indicate that sub-surface ice within the first couple of meters at lunar poles is five to eight
times greater than surface ice.
 The northern polar region of the moon contains twice the amount of water ice compared to the
southern region.
 This ice distribution is believed to have originated from out-gassing during volcanic activity in the
Imbrian period, with impacts from mare volcanism and cratering further influencing its spread.
 The study’s insights are vital for selecting landing and sampling sites for future missions, thus supporting
ISRO’s plans for in-situ volatile exploration on the moon.
Learn Along:
About ISRO
Headquarters: Bengaluru Chairman: Sreedhara Somanath Founded: 15 August 1969
LOQU: IIT-G’s Groundbreaking Speech Tech for the Speechless
 Researchers at IIT Guwahati have developed and patented "LOQU," a novel speech technology that
generates human speech signals from vocal cord vibration signals.
 LOQU, which stands for "To speak or talk" in Latin, captures vocal fold movements using non-invasive
sensors placed over the throat.
 This technology processes these vibrations to electronically generate speech harmonics, effectively
reconstructing speech signals that are clear and comparable to traditional speech.
 The technology holds significant potential for speech-impaired individuals and can be applied in
medical settings to enhance communication capabilities without invasive methods.
 A prototype of LOQU has been developed for less than Rs. 2,000 and has undergone extensive testing
to prove its effectiveness.
 The technology is patented under Indian Patent No.: 510923, with ongoing clinical tests to explore
further applications in communication and medicine.
 LOQU aims to provide a non-invasive alternative to traditional speech reconstruction methods, which
often involve more invasive procedures.
Scientists Develop ‘All-in-One’ Broad Coronavirus Vaccine
 Researchers have developed an advanced 'all-in-one' vaccine, published on May 6, 2024, in Nature
Nanotechnology, designed to protect against multiple coronavirus strains, including those yet
undiscovered.

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May 2024
 The vaccine utilizes a nanoparticle core structure, attaching viral antigens from various coronaviruses
through a novel "protein superglue," which enhances the immune system's ability to recognize and
combat multiple viruses.
 A key feature, Quartet Nanocages, involves quartets of receptor-binding domains (RBDs) from SARS-
like betacoronaviruses linked to a nanocage, structured to elicit a strong immune response and induce
neutralizing antibodies against several coronaviruses.
 The immunization strategy demonstrated that priming with the SARS-CoV-2 spike followed by boosting
with Quartet Nanocages significantly improves the immune response, offering a robust defense against
potential future coronavirus outbreaks.
 Proactive vaccinology is emphasized as an approach to develop vaccines preemptively for future viral
threats using advanced technologies in synthetic biology and genomics, which also facilitated the rapid
development of COVID-19 vaccines.
DRDO to collaborate with IIT Bhubaneswar for AI-driven surveillance, other projects
 DRDO to collaborate with IIT Bhubaneswar for AI-driven surveillance and other projects.
 Nine projects of the ECS Cluster of DRDO handed over to IIT Bhubaneswar, with another 7 projects in
the process of being sanctioned with Rs 18 crore funding.
 IIT Bhubaneswar to work on projects beneficial in electronics warfare, AI-driven surveillance, power
systems, radar systems, etc.
 Collaboration aims to contribute to the research and development needs of defence applications,
creating a platform for 'Atma Nirbhar Bharat' (Self-Reliant India).
 The collaboration will enhance the sustainability of defence research programs and contribute to nation-
building.
Learn Along:
About DRDO
Formed: 1958 Secretary: Samir V Kamat Headquarters: New Delhi
Google launches wallet app in India
 Google launched the Google Wallet app in India, allowing users to store digital documents like
boarding passes, loyalty cards, and tickets.
 Unlike in the US, the Indian version of Google Wallet does not support storing payment cards or
using the tap-and-pay feature.
 In India, Google Wallet and Google Pay will operate as separate entities.
 Google Wallet in India focuses on non-payment functionalities and aims to complement Google Pay.
Learn Along:
About Google
Founded: 4 September 1998 Headquarters: California, U.S. CEO: Sundar Pichai
Google unveils AI for predicting human molecules´ behaviour
 Google DeepMind and its sister company, Isomorphic Labs, have introduced AlphaFold3, an
advanced version of their artificial intelligence technology.
 AlphaFold3 builds on the earlier success of AlphaFold, which resolved the long-standing protein
folding problem in 2020, significantly aiding biological research.
 This technology predicts the three-dimensional shapes of proteins from amino acid sequences, a critical
process in understanding cellular mechanisms and disease.
 The use of AlphaFold has expedited drug discovery, with applications in combating diseases like
coronavirus, malaria, and Parkinson's disease.
 AlphaFold3 extends beyond protein folding to also predict the behavior of other crucial biological
molecules such as DNA and RNA, enhancing understanding of genetic and cellular functions.
 The implementation of this AI tool in biological research offers potential to streamline the development
of new drugs and vaccines, shortening research times and fostering previously unachievable studies.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 AlphaFold3's capabilities and the public access provided via a dedicated website signify a significant
leap in precision and utility over existing technologies, promising to revolutionize biomedical research
and development.
SAIL-Bhilai to set up Chhattisgarh's first 15-Mw floating solar plant
 Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP) will install Chhattisgarh's first 15 MW floating solar project in its Maroda-1
reservoir to improve its carbon footprint.
 The project, implemented through NTPC-SAIL Power Supply Company Limited (NSPCL), aims to
reduce BSP's CO2 emissions by 28,330 tonnes annually.
 The floating solar plant will generate approximately 34.26 million units of green power annually for
BSP's use.
 Maroda-1 reservoir spans 2.1 square kilometers with a water storage capacity of 19 MM3.
 Another 35 MW solar power plant is proposed by SAIL-BSP through NSPCL, with the tender process
expected to start soon.
ISRO Successfully Tests 3D-Printed Rocket Engine
 ISRO conducted a successful hot test of a 3D-printed liquid rocket engine on May 10, 2024, a crucial
step in integrating Additive Manufacturing (AM) into India's space program.
 The engine, called the PS4 engine, is used in the fourth stage of the PSLV and the RCS of the first
stage. It uses Nitrogen Tetroxide and Mono Methyl Hydrazine as propellants in a pressure-fed
system.
 Additive Manufacturing (AM) benefits include a redesigned engine with one part instead of 14 and 19
weld joints eliminated. Laser Powder Bed Fusion technique reduced material usage from 565 kg to
13.7 kg and cut production time by 60%.
 Manufactured with WIPRO 3D, the engine underwent developmental tests and simulations,
accumulating 74 seconds of testing before the successful 665-second hot test.
 This achievement demonstrates the feasibility of using AM in rocket engine production, enhancing
ISRO's launching capabilities and positioning India as a leader in aerospace manufacturing technology.
Learn Along:
About ISRO
Headquarters: Bengaluru Chairman: Sreedhara Somanath Founded: 15 August 1969
Scientists Discover 1.5 Billion-Year-Old “Giant” Viruses In Yellowstone
 Scientists discovered "giant" viruses in Yellowstone National Park, estimated to be 1.5 billion years
old.
 These viruses have much larger genes compared to most viruses and do not harm humans.
 The discovery provides significant insights into the early stages of life’s development on Earth.
 Giant viruses help researchers understand the conditions and biological processes of early single-cell
creatures.
 Scientists extracted DNA samples from hot springs, identifying about 3,700 potential viruses, with
two-thirds classified as giant viruses.
 Yellowstone National Park, the first national park (established in 1872), spans over 2.2 million acres
across Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho, and sits atop a supervolcano.
 The park features over 10,000 thermal areas, including the Old Faithful geyser, and is home to diverse
wildlife like the Canadian lynx and grizzly bears.
 Giant viruses discovered in 2003, such as Mimivirus, challenge traditional views of viruses due to their
large genomes and visible size under a light microscope.
 Some giant viruses, like Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus, have genes for translation, previously
thought to exist only in cellular organisms.
 Examples like Pandoraviruses and Pithovirus sibericum found in ancient Siberian ice highlight the
durability of giant viruses.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
Japan Launches World's First 6G Device, Promising Lightning-Fast Internet Speeds
 A Japanese consortium introduced the prototype of the world’s first high-speed 6G device, capable of
transferring data at 100 gigabits per second (Gbps).
 The device can cover more than 300 feet and is 20x faster than 5G technology.
 Using 100 gigahertz (GHz) indoors and 300 GHz outdoors, the 6G device achieves speeds of 100
Gbps.
 In comparison, 5G technology has a theoretical maximum speed of 10 Gbps, but real-world speeds are
around 200 megabits per second (Mbps) for T-Mobile users in the US.
 Higher frequencies enable faster speeds but limit signal distance and penetration strength.
 6G uses even higher frequency bands than 5G, making it challenging to receive necessary
frequencies for faster downloads.
 The prototype's speed was tested at a distance of over 328 feet (100 meters), with signals affected by
walls and rain.
 6G networks could enable real-time holographic communication and immersive virtual and mixed-reality
experiences, surpassing the data capacity improvements seen from 4G to 5G.
 The 6G device is still in the prototype stage, requiring new generation phones with built-in 6G antennas
to work effectively.
DEFENCE
Army gets 27,000 AK-203 rifles through joint venture
 Indian Army has started receiving Russian AK-203 assault rifles after delays due to the Ukraine war
and payment issues.
 27,000 rifles have been handed over to the Army by the Indo-Russian joint venture at Korwa, Uttar
Pradesh, with another 8,000 expected in the next two weeks.
 The indigenisation level achieved is around 25%.
 Under a ₹5,000-crore contract signed in July 2021, over 6.1 lakh AK-203 rifles are to be manufactured
in India with technology transfer from Russia by Indo-Russian Rifles Private Ltd. (IRRPL).
 IRRPL was established in 2019 between Advanced Weapons and Equipment India Limited (AWEIL),
Munitions India Ltd (MIL), and Rosoboronexport (RoE), Kalashnikov concern of Russia.
 First 70,000 rifles to be produced in India with localisation increasing from 5% to 70%; the rest will be
produced with 100% localisation.
 Full-scale production of AK-203 rifles expected in two to three years.
 Indigenisation is proceeding in an extremely systematic manner aiming to achieve 70% indigenous
content before the planned timeline.
 India had earlier procured 70,000 AK-103 rifles due to delays in the AK-203 deal.
 The Army aims to replace INSAS rifles with modern rifles.
 66,400 of 72,400 SIG-716 rifles have been inducted for frontline troops in counter-insurgency
operations.
 AK-203 rifles are intended to meet the larger demand for assault rifles.
Indian Army Sets Up Highest Tank Repair Facilities in Ladakh
 Since April to May 2020, the Indian Army has increased its presence in Eastern Ladakh, deploying
over 500 tanks and infantry battle vehicles, including Quick Reaction Fighting Vehicles made in India,
in response to Chinese troop movements.
 The Army established two of the world’s highest tank repair centres in Nyoma and the DBO Sector,
located at altitudes above 14,500 feet, to support the maintenance of armored units in the harsh climatic
conditions.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Focus has been on enhancing infrastructure to accommodate modern military equipment like T-90 and
T-72 tanks, BMPs, and K-9 Vajra self-propelled howitzers, ensuring operational functionality in
extreme cold conditions (down to -40 degrees Celsius).
 The prolonged standoff with China in the region involves approximately 50,000 troops from each
country, highlighting India’s commitment to maintaining its territorial integrity and presence along the
Line of Actual Control (LAC).
 The LAC serves as the de facto border between Indian-controlled and Chinese-controlled areas from
Ladakh to Arunachal Pradesh, spanning approximately 3,488 km, with ongoing disputes over its precise
delineation contributing to recurrent standoffs and conflicts.
 The Indian Army utilizes an Electronic Maintenance Management System (EMMMS) to enhance the
maintenance efficiency of its armored vehicles, which include a range of tanks like the Arjun MBT and
Soviet-era T-90s.
 Base Workshops across India, upgrades in maintenance technologies like laser welding and 3D
printing, and a central vehicle depot ensure the availability of spare parts and advanced maintenance
capabilities.
Indian Army Set to Receive Russian Igla-S, Israeli UAVs
 The Indian Army is set to enhance its air defense capabilities with the acquisition of Russian Igla-S
very short-range air defense weapons (VSHORAD), with deliveries expected by end of May or early
June.
 The procurement includes 48 Igla-S launchers, 100 missiles, 48 night sights, and a missile testing
station, under a ₹260 crore deal with Rosoboronexport and assembly by Adani Defence Systems and
Technologies Limited (ADSTL) in India.
 Additionally, the Army will receive the Hermes-900 Medium Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned
Aerial Vehicle (UAV) from Israel, assembled by ADSTL in Hyderabad, to bolster its monitoring and
reconnaissance capabilities.
 The acquisition follows the resolution of payment issues between India and Russia, which were impacted
by sanctions due to Russia’s involvement in Ukraine. These were resolved by switching to transactions
in national currencies, facilitating the use of accumulated Russian rubles.
 These acquisitions are part of a broader strategy to modernize India’s air defense system, incorporating
advanced missile systems and UAVs to enhance national defense capabilities and promote domestic
defense technology development.
 The Igla-S VSHORAD system, known for its portability and effectiveness against a variety of aerial
threats including aircraft, drones, and cruise missiles, features improved range and lethality over its
predecessors.
 The Hermes-900 UAV, developed by Elbit Systems of Israel, is capable of high-altitude, long-endurance
missions for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR), and is employed by several countries
for both military and disaster management tasks.
INDIA- FRANCE JOINT MILITARY EXERCISE SHAKTI COMMENCES IN MEGHALAYA
 7th edition of India-France Joint Military Exercise SHAKTI commenced at Umroi, Meghalaya,
scheduled from 13th to 26th May 2024.
 Opening Ceremony attended by H.E. Thierry Mathou, Ambassador of France to India and Major
General Prasanna Sudhakar Joshi.
 The exercise alternates between India and France, with the last edition in France in November 2021.
 Indian contingent includes 90 personnel from the RAJPUT Regiment and other arms; French
contingent also includes 90 personnel, mainly from the 13th Foreign Legion Half-Brigade.
 Aim of Exercise SHAKTI: Enhance joint military capability for multi-domain operations in a Sub
Conventional scenario under Chapter VII of the United Nations Mandate.
 Focus on operations in semi-urban and mountainous terrain, sharing best practices, and achieving high
physical fitness.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Drills include response to terrorist actions, establishment of a Joint Command Post and Intelligence
& Surveillance Centre, and employment of drones and counter-drone systems.
 Exercise will enhance inter-operability, camaraderie, and bilateral defense cooperation between India
and France.
IAF Conducted Bambi Bucket Operations To Combat Forest Fires In Uttarakhand
 Despite the Uttarakhand government's claim to the Supreme Court that the forest fire emergency
had ended, the State Forest Department reported 40 new fire cases on May 8, 2024.
 In response, Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami took disciplinary action against 17 junior forest
officers, suspending ten and initiating a disciplinary investigation into seven.
 The Chief Minister emphasized the importance of building fire lines to prevent the spread of forest fires
and urged for reduced response times to such incidents.
 Indian Air Force (IAF) supported firefighting efforts through Bambi Bucket operations using Mi17 V5
helicopters, deploying 17,700 liters of water in eight sorties over more than four hours in the Pauri
Garhwal sector.
 Over several days, the IAF conducted 23 missions, totaling 11.5 hours and using 44,600 liters of water
to combat the fires.
 These efforts highlight the collaborative approach between state authorities and the IAF, focusing on
preventive measures, rapid response, and resource utilization to manage and mitigate the persistent
forest fire threats in Uttarakhand.
Indian Air Force Tests BHISHM Portable Hospital in Agra
 On May 14, 2024, the Indian Air Force conducted field tests of the Arogya Maitri Cube-BHISHM
portable hospital by performing an airdrop in Agra, Uttar Pradesh.
 The BHISHM portable cubes are part of Project BHISHM (Bharat Health Initiative for Sahyog, Hita,
and Maitri) designed to manage up to 200 casualties simultaneously.
 Equipped with AI and data analytics, the cubes aid in effective coordination and real-time monitoring,
optimizing field medical services.
 Comprising 72 transportable components, the cubes are air-droppable, robust, waterproof, and
lightweight, enabling quick deployment within 12 minutes.
 Two BHISHM units were previously deployed during the Pran Pratishtha ceremony in Ayodhya,
demonstrating their practical application in disaster response.
 The successful testing and future potential of BHISHM cubes mark significant advancements in India's
disaster response and healthcare management.
Gagan Strike-II: Indian Army, IAF Conduct Joint Exercise in Punjab
 Indian Army’s Kharga Corps conducted a three-day joint military exercise Gagan Strike-II with the
Indian Air Force (IAF) in Punjab.
 Gagan Strike-II aimed to refine processes involving mechanized units and validate the use of attack
helicopters in developed terrain.
 The exercise focused on integrating Apache and ALH-WSI helicopters, Unarmed Aerial Vehicles,
and Army’s special forces in combat scenarios.
 Kharga Corps, also known as III Corps, is a significant strike corps of the Indian Army headquartered
in Ambala, Haryana.
 Named after "Kharga," symbolizing its offensive capability, the corps played a crucial role in the Indo-
Pakistani War of 1971.
 Structured for rapid mobilization, it engages in quick, decisive actions, particularly against Pakistan,
contributing to India’s defense strategy.
 Apache helicopters are four-blade, twin-engine attack helicopters primarily designed for all-weather
and nighttime operations.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Armed with a 30mm M230 chain gun, Hydra 70 rocket pods, and AGM-114 Hellfire missiles,
Apaches excel in destroying armor and providing close air support.
 They have been utilized globally in conflicts such as the Gulf War and Afghanistan, showcasing their
significance in modern warfare.
MoD notifies Act for uniform tri service military discipline
 The Ministry of Defence (MoD) has announced the implementation of the InterServices
Organisations (Command, Control and Discipline) Act, effective from May 10, 2024, to standardize
military justice across joint service organizations.
 This act was enacted following approval by both houses of Parliament during the monsoon session
last year and received the President's assent on August 15, 2023.
 The new legislation grants commanders-in-chief and officers-in-command of InterServices
Organisations (ISOs) comprehensive disciplinary and administrative powers.
 These powers are intended to maintain discipline and effective administration within ISOs, which
integrate elements of the army, navy, and air force, without compromising the unique service
conditions of each branch.
 The act aims to streamline the disposal of cases, reduce redundant proceedings, and enhance
integration and cooperation among the different branches of India’s armed forces.
BRO celebrates its 65th Raising Day
 The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) celebrated its 65th Raising Day on May 07, 2024, in New
Delhi with Defence Secretary Shri Giridhar Aramane presiding.
 The event commemorated the BRO's contribution to relief efforts during the Silkyara Tunnel Collapse
and the Sikkim Floods, and its significant role in the Vibrant Villages Programme.
 The BRO has evolved into a major infrastructural entity with projects in 11 States and three Union
Territories, significantly contributing to India's strategic and developmental goals.
 In the fiscal year 2023-24, the BRO successfully completed 125 infrastructure projects valued at Rs
3,611 crore.
 Key projects include the Sela Tunnel in Arunachal Pradesh and upcoming projects like the Shinkun
La Tunnel, poised to be the world’s highest.
 The organisation also focuses on gender equality and inclusivity, with significant contributions from
female officers in major projects.
KEEL LAYING OF THE FIRST NEXT GENERATION OFFSHORE PATROL VESSEL (ex-GSL) ON 03 MAY
24 AT GOA SHIPYARD LTD
 Keel laying ceremony for the first NGOPV took place at M/s Goa Shipyard Ltd, Goa on 03 May 24,
attended by VAdm B Siva Kumar and Shri B K Upadhyay, among other dignitaries.
 The contracts for 11 Next Generation Offshore Patrol Vessels were finalized on 30 Mar 23 with M/s
Goa Shipyard Ltd (GSL) and M/s Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE).
 GSL will build seven ships, while GRSE will construct four ships.
 NGOPVs are designed for Anti-Piracy, Coastal Defence & Surveillance, Search & Rescue, and
Protection of Offshore Assets.
 These vessels will enhance the Indian Navy's capability to safeguard the economic and geopolitical
interests in the Indian Ocean Region.
 This project aligns with the ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’ and ‘Make in India’ initiatives, marking a critical step
in indigenous shipbuilding.
Supersonic Missile-Assisted Release of Torpedo system successfully flight-tested by DRDO off the
Odisha coast

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 The Supersonic Missile-Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) system was successfully tested on
May 01, 2024, at Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha.
 DRDO designed and developed SMART to significantly boost the Indian Navy's anti-submarine
warfare capabilities beyond traditional torpedo ranges.
 SMART, a canister-based missile system, incorporates sophisticated technologies like a two-stage
solid propulsion system and precision inertial navigation system.
 The system employs a unique parachute-based release mechanism to deliver an advanced
lightweight torpedo.
 Launch conducted using a ground mobile launcher with new technologies such as symmetric
separation and velocity control demonstrated.
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About DRDO
Appointment Committee of Cabinet approves one-year extension in service of Secretary, Department

of Defence R&D and Chairman DRDO
 The Appointment Committee of Cabinet approved the extension of Dr. Samir V. Kamat as Secretary,
Department of Defence R&D and Chairman DRDO for one year, until May 31, 2025.
 He was appointed to his current post on August 25, 2022, and his original retirement was scheduled
for May 31, 2024.
 An alumnus of IIT Kharagpur and The Ohio State University, USA, Dr. Kamat joined DRDO in 1989.
 He has received several awards, including the Distinguished Alumni Award from IIT Kharagpur,
Metallurgist of the Year Award from the Ministry of Steel, and Scientist of the Year Award from DRDO.
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About DRDO
Indian Armed Forces To Shift To Integrated Theatre Commands
 Since 2019, the Indian government has aimed to reorganize its military through the creation of
integrated theatre commands for smoother operations.
 The goal is to unify the Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force under common commands for coordinated
responses to threats and battle zones.
Theatre Commands
 Theatre commands involve units from all three defence forces working under one commander,
improving operational organization and resource utilization.
Steps Towards Integration
 The creation of the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) and the Department of Military Affairs (DMA) in
2019 was crucial for overseeing the transition to theatre-based commands.
 Initial integrations included joint supply nodes and establishing Mumbai as a tri-service defence
station.
Proposed Theatre Commands and Headquarters
 Western Theatre Command (Jaipur): Focus on threats from Pakistan.
 Northern Theatre Command (Lucknow): Focus on the China border.
 Maritime Theatre Command (Coimbatore): Focus on the Indian Ocean Region.
 Additional commands like Air Defence Command are under consideration.
Leadership and Command Management
 Each theatre command would be led by a General or higher rank commander, likely reporting to the
Defence Minister.
 This structure aims to enhance coordination and resource distribution across military operations.
More About Integrated Theatre Commands

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Integrated Theatre Commands consolidate resources from all military branches for efficiency.
 Inspired by the U.S. and China, these reforms address inefficiencies highlighted during the 1999 Kargil
war.
 Under General Bipin Rawat (Chief of Defence Staff, 2020), efforts for unified command, better logistics,
and divided strategic theatres (Northern, Western, Eastern, Southern, and Air Defence) began.
 The system promotes collaboration, efficient force use, reduces redundancy, and optimizes defence
spending.
 The proposed Maritime Theatre Command will secure India's maritime interests.
Exercise Cyber Suraksha – 2024
 Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) Gen Anil Chauhan attended ‘Exercise Cyber Suraksha – 2024’ on May
22, 2024, highlighting the importance of strengthening India’s cyber defence capabilities.
 Conducted by Defence Cyber Agency from May 20 - 24, 2024, aiming to develop Cyber Defence
Capability of all cyber security organizations and promote synergy among stakeholders.
 Focuses on enhancing collaboration and integration among participants from various military and
national organizations.
 The exercise aims to empower participants by enhancing their cyber defence skills, techniques, and
capabilities, sharing best practices, and working towards a unified and robust cyber defence posture.
 Promotes jointmanship and synergy in planning and preparing a Cyber Defence Framework.
 Reaffirms the commitment of the Indian Armed Forces to safeguarding national security in the
increasingly important cyber domain.
CHIEF OF THE AIR STAFF INAUGURATES FIRST- EVER EMERGENCY MEDICAL RESPONSE
SYSTEM OF IAF AT CHAF BENGALURU
 Emergency Medical Response System (EMRS) inaugurated by Air Chief Marshal VR Chaudhari at
Command Hospital Air Force Bangalore on May 21, 2024.
 First 24/7 telephonic medical helpline for serving IAF personnel and their families across India,
providing expert guidance during medical emergencies.
 System offers prompt response by a team of medical and paramedical professionals to callers
experiencing emergencies nationwide.
 Medical professionals provide immediate advice and connect with the nearest IAF medical facility to
the caller.
 Demonstration showcased the system's capability and outreach, emphasizing ease of access to expert
guidance and rapid deployment of medical support teams.
Tenure of Army chief General Manoj Pande extended by a month
 General Manoj Pande had his tenure as Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) extended by one month by
the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet.
 Originally set to retire on May 31 at age 62, his service is now extended to June 30 under Rule 16 A (4)
of the Army Rules 1954.
 This extension is unusual, with the last similar instance in 1975 when General G.G. Bewoor received a
one-year extension.
 General Pande was appointed COAS on April 30, 2022, and was commissioned into the Army in
December 1982 in the Corps of Engineers (The Bombay Sappers).
 The next in line for the top post is Lieutenant-General Upendra Dwivedi, the current Vice-Chief of the
Army Staff, commissioned into 18 Jammu and Kashmir Rifles in 1984.
 Following him in seniority is Lieutenant-General Ajay Kumar Singh, the Southern Army Commander,
commissioned into 7/11 Gorkha Rifles in December 1984.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
RudraM-II air-to-surface missile successfully flight-tested by DRDO from Su-30 MK-I off the Odisha
coast
 The Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) flight-tested the RudraM-II air-to-
surface missile from an Su-30 MK-I aircraft of the Indian Air Force (IAF) off the coast of Odisha on 29
May 2024.
 The test successfully met all objectives, validating the propulsion system and control & guidance
algorithm.
 The missile's performance was verified using data from range tracking instruments, including
electro-optical systems, radar, and telemetry stations.
 RudraM-II is an indigenously-developed, solid-propelled missile designed for air-to-surface
engagement to neutralize various enemy assets.
 This missile incorporates numerous advanced technologies developed by various DRDO labs.
EVENTS
Sanjay Kumar inaugurates Summer Fiesta 2024 at National Bal Bhavan, New Delhi
 Sanjay Kumar, Secretary, Department of School Education & Literacy, inaugurated the "Summer Fiesta
2024" at the National Bal Bhavan in New Delhi, a month-long event designed for children aged 5 to 16.
 The Fiesta includes over 30 different activities in areas such as Creative and Performing Arts, Science,
and more, catering to various interests of children.
 The event aims to complement academic learning by emphasizing the importance of extracurricular
activities in child development, as highlighted by Shri Sanjay Kumar.
 Special workshops and programs are scheduled throughout the event, including Odissi dance, Yoga,
Calligraphy, and Music recitals, which are aimed at developing and showcasing children's talents.
 The Summer Fiesta will also feature performances and sessions by eminent artists and guests,
providing inspiration and engagement for the attendees.
 Over 2500 children have enrolled, and to support their participation, transportation facilities across Delhi
have been arranged by the National Bal Bhavan.
Navigating Cyber Insecurity: Building Resilience in an interconnected world
 Cyber Security Conclave organized by CSC and United Service Institution in New Delhi focused on
important cyber security strategies.
 Cyber security is critical due to the rapid evolution of cyber threats and increasing data breaches.
 Shri S Krishnan, Secretary, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, emphasized the
importance of behavior, knowledge, and habits in security.
 Highlighted the role of CSC in extending technology reach and sharing information.
 Stressed the importance of user awareness to avoid cyber risks.
 Shri Sanjay Rakesh, MD and CEO-CSC SPV, focused on the need for cyber resilience and cost-
effective alternatives.
 Announced the creation of a cyber think tank for innovative solutions and a more user-friendly cyber
system.
 Panel Discussion on "Emerging Cyber Threats, Trends, and Solutions" included key speakers from
various sectors.
 MoU signed between CSC and USI to strengthen cyber security.
 Other prominent speakers included experts from Mitkat Advisory, Cert-IN, Govt. of West Bengal,
Fortinet, Checkpoint, and TrendMicro.
 Cyber Rakshak program launched by CSC in rural areas to train women in cyber security, making them
cyber security ambassadors.
Learn Along:

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
About CSC SPV:

 Integral part of the Digital India mission.
 Provides Digital India services to rural and remote areas.
 Delivers government services, social welfare schemes, financial services, educational and skill
development courses, healthcare, agriculture services, and digital literacy.
BIMSTEC gets ‘legal personality’ after charter comes into force
 BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) will now
accept new members and observers following the adoption of its first charter on May 20.
 The charter, adopted at the 5th BIMSTEC summit, grants the grouping a ‘legal personality’ enabling it
to engage in structured diplomatic dialogue with other entities.
 The charter reaffirms India's commitment to a prosperous, peaceful, and sustainable
neighbourhood, reflecting the Neighbourhood First and Act East policies.
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 BIMSTEC, formed in 1997, struggled to form a consensus among its seven member states (Bangladesh, Bhutan,
Sri Lanka, Nepal, Thailand, Myanmar, and India) on a common charter until now.
 The 5th summit was held virtually on March 30, 2022, chaired by Sri Lanka, and later by Thailand. Nepal ratified
the charter last month, enabling its implementation.
 The focus on BIMSTEC has increased due to the stagnation of SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional
Cooperation), which last met in November 2014.
 India's shift from SAARC to BIMSTEC aligns with its ‘Act East’ policy. The SAARC summit planned for Islamabad
in 2016 was derailed due to terror strikes on India.
10th World Water Forum opens in Indonesia's Bali
 The 10th World Water Forum under the theme "Water for Shared Prosperity" opened on Indonesia's
island of Bali.
 Attendees included country leaders and United Nations representatives.
 Focused on four key topics: water conservation, clean water and sanitation, food and energy
security, and mitigation of natural disasters.
 Indonesian President Joko Widodo highlighted that by 2050, 500 million small farmers who
contribute 80% of the world's food will be most vulnerable to drought.
 Indonesia hopes to strengthen global collaboration to address water-related challenges.
FIDE Unveils BecknGPT, an AI Agent Combining ChatGPT and Beckn Protocol
 FIDE just released a new AI agent called Beckn Generative Pre-trained Transformer (BecknGPT).
 This AI agent is made to handle business deals on its own, using Open AI’s ChatGPT model to work
within the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) framework.
 BecknGPT’s technology is based on the Beckn protocol, which is a set standard that makes transfers
between networks easy.
What is Beckn Protocol?
 The Beckn Protocol is an open, decentralized standard that lets digital sites and apps talk to each
other.
 It’s made to work regardless of the technology, industry, or location, so it can facilitate free and open
trade.
India hosts side event on Women, Children and Adolescent Health in collaboration with Norway,
UNICEF, UNFPA and PMNCH at the 77th World Health Assembly at Geneva

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May 2024
 During the 77th World Health Assembly, India co-hosted a side event focusing on Women, Children,
and Adolescent Health in collaboration with Norway, UNICEF, UNFPA, and PMNCH, aimed at
enhancing investments in health and well-being.
 The event highlighted the need for continued and increased investment in maternal, newborn, child,
and adolescent health, advocating for policy adjustments and broader stakeholder engagement.
 A key initiative, TeleManas, was introduced as part of India's strategy to improve mental health services
through technology, focusing particularly on adolescents.
 The event stressed the importance of using effective communication strategies tailored for
adolescents and the active involvement of youth representatives in program planning and implementation.
World Hydrogen Summit 2024
 Bhupinder Singh Bhalla, Secretary, Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, addressed the World
Hydrogen Summit 2024 in Rotterdam, emphasizing India's strategies in renewable energy and green
hydrogen production.
 Highlighted the National Green Hydrogen Mission, which includes pilot projects, R&D, and skill
development to enhance the hydrogen value chain and innovation in green hydrogen technologies.
 Stressed India's role as a leader in renewable energy affordability, making it an attractive destination
for investments and emphasizing the nation's low-cost renewable energy.
 Discussed the importance of India’s integrated grid infrastructure for enhancing grid stability and
efficient placement of renewable energy plants, facilitating seamless energy integration.
 Pointed out India's abundant skilled engineering workforce as crucial for executing renewable energy
projects efficiently, enhancing India's global competitiveness in green hydrogen production.
 Articulated India's ambition to become a leading exporter of green hydrogen and its readiness to scale
production to meet international market demands.
 Provided insights on India’s renewable energy strategy under its Nationally Determined Contributions
(NDC), with 43% of electricity capacity from non-fossil sources, aiming for 50% by 2030.
 The National Green Hydrogen Mission aims for 5 million tonnes of annual green hydrogen production
by 2030, with current initiatives supporting 412,000 tonnes per annum and establishing 1,500 MW
electrolyser capacity.
Inaugural Africa Clean Cooking Summit Held in Paris
 The first Summit on Clean Cooking took place in Paris on May 14, 2024, addressing health and
environmental problems in Africa due to traditional cooking methods.
 Over 1,000 delegates from almost 60 countries attended the summit to promote change across the
continent, where cooking with biomass like wood and charcoal is prevalent.
 Traditional fuels like wood and charcoal are used by more than a billion people in Africa, posing
significant health risks, particularly for women and children, leading to respiratory illnesses.
 The World Health Organization reports that these cooking methods cause indoor air pollution, resulting
in 3.2 million deaths annually, with Africa being heavily impacted.
 Health impacts from traditional cooking methods incur economic costs of about $700 billion in Africa
and $1.4 trillion globally.
 Traditional cooking methods contribute to deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating
climate change and species loss.
 The summit resulted in financial commitments exceeding $2.2 billion to support Africa's transition to
clean cooking methods, with significant contributions from Norway ($50 million) and the EU ($431
million).
 The African Development Bank pledged to allocate 20% of its energy loans in Africa to clean cooking
solutions, projected to save the continent $2 billion over the next decade.
 The summit promotes environmentally friendly fuels and cooking technologies to reduce pollution and
deforestation.

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May 2024
 It serves as a platform for collaboration among companies, NGOs, and governments, showcasing
technologies like solar and biogas stoves and establishing financial mechanisms for clean cooking.
 This initiative is crucial for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.
Ministry of Tourism participates in Arabian Travel Mart 2024 in Dubai
 The Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, is participating in the Arabian Travel Mart 2024 in
Dubai from May 6th to 9th, 2024, enhancing India's tourism presence in the Middle East.
 The Incredible India pavilion, inaugurated by Mr. Satish Kumar Sivan, Counsul General of India to
Dubai, targets the UAE market with a delegation of tour operators, luxury hotels, wellness resorts, and
the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation.
 Launch of the ‘Cool Summers of India’ campaign at the event, promoting India as a desirable
destination year-round, particularly highlighting its hill resorts and Himalayan regions against the
stereotype of India's summer heat.
 India's presence at the mart is aimed at boosting tourism revenue and job creation by showcasing
diverse attractions and forging industry alliances, particularly in the MENA region.
India Hosts 46th ATCM and 26th Meeting of CEP in 2024
 India, through the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) and the National Centre for Polar and Ocean
Research (NCPOR), will host the 46th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM 46) and the 26th
Meeting of the Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP 26) in Kochi, Kerala, from May 20th to
30th, 2024.
 These meetings underscore India's role in global environmental governance and its commitment to
scientific collaboration and environmental protection in Antarctica.
 The Antarctic Treaty, signed in 1959, designates Antarctica for peaceful purposes and scientific
cooperation. India has been a Consultative Party since 1983 and reinforced this commitment by enacting
the Antarctic Act in 2022.
 The ATCM agenda includes discussions on sustainable management, legal and policy frameworks,
research collaboration, climate change impacts, and the development of a tourism framework in
Antarctica.
 India's Antarctic research stations, Maitri (established in 1989) and Bharati (established in 2012),
facilitate ongoing scientific expeditions, with annual missions since 1981.
 The CEP, established under the Madrid Protocol in 1991, advises the ATCM on environmental issues,
focusing on evaluating environmental impacts, responding to climate change, and conserving Antarctic
biodiversity.
 The Madrid Protocol prohibits mineral resource activities in Antarctica, except for scientific purposes, and
labels the region as a “natural reserve, devoted to peace and science.”
 The Protocol ensures the preservation of the Antarctic environment and will remain unchangeable
regarding mineral resources until 2048 without unanimous agreement of all Consultative Parties.
 The NCPOR, an autonomous institution under the MoES since 1998, spearheads India’s scientific
activities in the polar regions, the Himalayas, and the Southern Ocean.
India to participate at 77th Cannes Film Festival (14-25 May)
 India marks a special year at the 77th Cannes Film Festival, showcasing its creative economy through
significant initiatives, including hosting the first-ever "Bharat Parv" event.
 The Bharat Parv will unveil the official poster and trailer of the 55th India International Film Festival
(IFFI) and announce the 1st World Audio-Visual & Entertainment Summit (WAVES), both set to
occur in Goa in November 2024.
 The Bharat Pavilion, inaugurated on May 15 at the festival, is organized by the National Film
Development Corporation (NFDC) and the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce &

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May 2024
Industry (FICCI). It serves as a platform for production collaborations, distribution deals, and networking
with global media entities.
 Payal Kapadia's film, "All We Imagine As Light," is competing for the Palme d'Or, marking a significant
representation for India in the Cannes Film Festival's Competition section after three decades.
 Other notable Indian films at Cannes include Sandhya Suri's "Santosh" in Un Certain Regard, Karan
Kandhari's "Sister Midnight" in Directors' Fortnight, and Maisam Ali's "In Retreat" in L’Acid.
 A student film from the Film and Television Institute of India (FTII), titled "SUNFLOWERS WERE
FIRST ONES TO KNOW", is competing in the La Cinef Competitive section.
 The classic Indian film "Manthan", directed by Shyam Benegal, will be featured in the festival's
Classics section, showcasing the Amul dairy cooperative movement.
 Santosh Sivan will receive the Pierre Angenieux tribute at Cannes, where he will also deliver a
masterclass, becoming the first Indian to be honored with this distinction.
 A session titled “Abundant Incentives and Seamless Facilitations - Come, Create in India” will
discuss India's incentives for film production, co-production opportunities, and post-production facilities,
aiming to attract international filmmakers to India.
 Interactive sessions at the Bharat Pavilion will explore topics like incentives for filmmaking in India,
international collaboration at film festivals, and bilateral film co-productions with countries like Spain, the
UK, and France.
Maiden India Pavilion at World Hydrogen Summit 2024, Netherlands showcases National Green
Hydrogen Mission
 India set up its own pavilion at the World Hydrogen Summit 2024 in Rotterdam, Netherlands, from May
13-15, 2024.
 The pavilion was set up by the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, Government of India, and
inaugurated by Bhupinder S. Bhalla on May 12, 2024.
 The World Hydrogen Summit is a prestigious event in the global green hydrogen ecosystem, attended
by 15,000 delegates worldwide.
 The India Pavilion showcases India's progress in Green Hydrogen.
 The Indian delegation includes nominees from Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, Department of
Science and Technology, Ministry of Railways, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, and private
sector companies.
 The Summit provides a platform for G2G interactions and engagement with global companies.
 India launched its National Green Hydrogen Mission in January 2023 with an outlay of Rs. 19,744
crores.
 Target: Achieve 5 MMT of green hydrogen production capacity by 2030.
 Tenders awarded for 412,000 tonnes of Green Hydrogen production and 1,500 MW of electrolyzer
manufacturing capacity.
 Guidelines notified for using Green Hydrogen in steel, transport/mobility, and shipping sectors.
 Hydrogen Valley Innovation Clusters initiated by the Department of Science and Technology to foster
innovation.
 A dedicated portal for the National Green Hydrogen Mission launched to provide information and
development updates.
SENIOR NATIONALS SAILING CHAMPIONSHIP – 2024
 Yachting Association of India (YAI) Senior Nationals - 2024 is being held from 12 to 18 May at the
Indian Naval Watermanship Training Centre (INWTC), Mumbai.
 The event is supported by the Indian Naval Sailing Association (INSA) and Naval Headquarters.
 It is a National ranking event for all Senior Olympic classes, taking place in Mumbai harbour.
 82 participants from 10 prominent sailing clubs across the country are competing.
 Competitions include various classes: ILCA 7 (Men), ILCA 6 (Women), 470 (Mixed), 49er (Men), 49er
FX (Women), IQFoil (Men/Women), and Formula Kite (Men/Women).

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May 2024
 Races began on 13 May with a medal race scheduled for 18 May.

 International Race officers and International Judges from World Sailing, including officials from
Australia, Korea, and Singapore, are ensuring the fairness and professionalism of the races
AWARDS AND REWARDS
Winner Award Description

Pulitzer Prize for Public Recognized for exposing undisclosed gifts to U.S.
ProPublica Service Supreme Court justices.
Pulitzer Prize for
The New York Times Journalism Awarded for coverage of the Israel-Gaza conflict.
Pulitzer Prize for
The Associated Press Journalism Awarded for coverage of global migration.
Jayne Anne Phillips Pulitzer Prize for Fiction Awarded for her novel "Night Watch."
Pulitzer Prize for
Jonathan Eig Biography Awarded for the biography "King: A Life."
Jacqueline Jones Pulitzer Prize for History Awarded for contributions to historical scholarship.
Pulitzer Prize for Memoir-
Cristina Rivera Garza Autobiography Awarded for her memoir-autobiographical work.
Awarded for his saxophone concerto, "Adagio (For
Tyshawn Sorey Pulitzer Prize for Music Wadada Leo Smith)."
Honored by the Vice President of India for her
Outstanding Contribution leadership in CSR, notably supporting vulnerable
to Corporate Social farmer communities and the education of young
Dr. Bina Modi Responsibility girls through Project Khushi.
UNESCO/Guillermo Cano Awarded for their courage and commitment in
Palestinian World Press Freedom covering the situation in Gaza under crisis
journalists Prize conditions.
Recognized for her conservation efforts towards
Dr. Purnima Devi Whitley Gold Award the Greater Adjutant Stork and its wetland habitats
Barman ("Green Oscar") in Assam, India.
Hema Malini, Saira Honored for their contributions to arts and culture,
Banu & others Pt. Lacchu Maharaj Award particularly in Kathak dance.
Goldman Environmental Awarded for his campaign to protect the forests of
Alok Shukla Prize ("Green Nobel") Hasdeo Aranya in Chhattisgarh, India.
Dr. Soumya Honorary Doctorate by Awarded for her significant contributions to public
Swaminathan McGill University health as a former WHO Chief Scientist.
Vyjayanthimala Bali, Recognized for their contributions to the arts,
Konidela Chiranjeevi, politics, journalism, spirituality, law, and medicine
and others Padma Awards across various categories.
Honored for his leadership at Hindustan Shipyard
Limited, contributing significantly to India's
Cmde Hemant Khatri PSU Samarpan Award maritime economy.
Awarded for designing the cover of "The Book
Oxford Bookstore Book Beautiful" by Pradeep Sebastian, recognized for
Bhavi Mehta Cover Prize artistic achievements in book cover design.

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May 2024
Winner Award Description

Awarded for outstanding social work, emphasizing
Global Pride of Sindhi contributions to societal welfare and the promotion
Mr. Pawan Sindhi Award of values such as humanity and peace.
Recognized for his lifetime contributions to Indian
Sahitya Akademi literature, including works such as "Vagrants in the
Ruskin Bond Fellowship Valley" and "Once Upon a Monsoon Time."
Added to UNESCO's register at the 10th General

Meeting in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, for being a
pioneering feminist and science fiction work from
1905. The novel imagines a world run by women
"Sultana’s Dream" by with advanced technologies and highlights its
Begum Rokeya UNESCO's "Memory of historical and cultural significance in introducing
Sakhawat Hossain the World" Register feminist ideas to literature.
Honored as the "Most Trusted Admission
Consultant in Vidarbha Region," recognized for his
significant contributions to education, career
counseling, and admission guidance. His firm,
Chandra Admission Consultants, is known for
Global Excellence Award securing admissions in prestigious institutions for
Chandrakant Satija 2024 students in India and abroad.
The prize criteria were revised to focus on early-
career scientists, reducing the age limit from 50 to
40 years. This shift aims to celebrate emerging
academic talent and inspire future researchers. A
Infosys Science new category, Economics, has been added,
Foundation Infosys Prize expanding the total categories to six.
Received the first stamp commemorating 200
years of Indian Origin Tamils in Sri Lanka,
presented by the Governor of the Eastern
Province, Senthil Thondaman. The stamp aims to
recognize and bring attention to the contributions
and historical presence of the Indian Origin Tamil
Sri Sri Ravi Shankar Commemorative Stamp community in Sri Lanka.
Honored for her work in supporting conflict-affected

communities in Congo, particularly in promoting
the rights and voices of women, girls, and children.
U.N. Military Gender The award emphasizes her impactful direct
Advocate of the Year interactions with civilians in challenging
Major Radhika Sen Award 2023 environments.
At age 55, became the oldest Indian woman to
reach the summit of Mount Everest, surpassing
previous records and showcasing her endurance
Oldest Indian Woman to and determination as part of a 15-member
Jyoti Ratre Conquer Mount Everest expedition team.

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May 2024
His film "SUNFLOWERS WERE THE FIRST

ONES TO KNOW" from the Film and Television
Institute of India (FTII) won at the 77th Cannes
Cannes’ La Cinef Award Film Festival, recognized for its storytelling and
Chidanand Naik for Best Short artistic portrayal.
Recognized for its readiness in upskilling
The Economic Times HR employees and implementing strategic initiatives
World Future Ready such as ESG, DE&I, technological upgrades, and
Organization Award 2024- employee engagement, enhancing NHPC's status
NHPC 25 as a trusted brand in the hydropower sector.
Achieved 3rd rank globally, highlighting its
exceptional HR practices and learning and
development strategies, making it a benchmark in
the industry for fostering talent development and
NTPC ATD BEST Awards 2024 continuous learning.
Awarded for the novel "Kairos," translated into
English, depicting a complex tale set in 1980s East
Berlin. The prize celebrates the vital role of
Jenny Erpenbeck and translators in making global literary works
Michael Hofmann International Booker Prize accessible.
For her film ‘All We Imagine as Light,’ which marks
a significant achievement in Indian cinema,
winning the Grand Prix at the 77th Cannes Film
Grand Prix Award at Festival, showcasing international collaboration
Payal Kapadia Cannes and cinematic excellence.
For his pioneering work in the study of celestial
events like millisecond pulsars and supernovae,
and for advancing the field through initiatives like
the Palomar Transient Factory, contributing
Shrinivas R. Kulkarni Shaw Prize in Astronomy significantly to our understanding of the universe.
Recognized for its commitment to CSR and
CSR Champion Award at sustainable practices, particularly in non-fossil fuel
Outlook Planet sectors, highlighting its efforts in education, health,
Power Finance Sustainability Summit & and environmental projects contributing to inclusive
Corporation Ltd. Awards 2024 and equitable development.
APPOINTMENTS
Organization Name News Learn Along
UNICEF India UNICEF India announced Bollywood star Kareena Kapoor Khan as its Headquarters
new National Ambassador. : New York,
Founded:
11 December
1946
Admiral Dinesh K. Tripathi assumed command of the Indian Navy as
the 26th Chief of the Naval Staff. He succeeds Admiral R. Hari Kumar
who retires upon superannuation after over 40 years of service. ---
Indian Navy
Vice-Admiral Krishna Swaminathan took charge as Vice- Chief of the
Indian Navy. He was earlier serving as the Chief of Personnel.

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May 2024
Kotak Mahindra Private-sector lender Kotak Mahindra Bank announcced Krishnan Founded:
Bank Venkat Subramanian (K V S Manian) had ceased to be the whole-time 21 November
director designated joint managing director with immediate effect on 1985
account of his resignation. Consequently, K V S Manian ceases to be a Headquarters
director and a key managerial personnel of the bank. Manian, in his : Mumbai
resignation letter to the bank, said that he was pursuing other
opportunities in financial services.
HDFC Bank Banking regulator the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved the CEO:
reappointment of Atanu Chakraborty as Part-Time Chairman of HDFC Sashidhar
Bank for a period of three years with effect from May 5. Jagdishan
Founded:
August 1994,
Mumbai
Headquarters
: Mumbai
National Jute Board Shashi Bhushan Singh, a 2010-batch Indian Railway Traffic Service ---
(IRTS) officer, has been appointed as the Secretary (at the Director
level) of the National Jute Board in Kolkata under the Ministry of
Textiles. The appointment, approved by the Central Government, is
effective for a five-year term or until further orders.
Department of The Department of Personnel & Training (DoPT) has announced the Founded:
Promotion of appointment of Pratima Singh, an officer of the Indian Revenue 1995
Industry and Internal Service (IRS), as the Director in the Department of Promotion of
Trade Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).
Ujjivan Small Ujjivan Small Finance Bank has announced the appointment of Headquarters
Finance Bank Sanjeev Nautiyal as its Managing Director and Chief Executive : India
Officer (MD & CEO) for a tenure of three years, effective from July 1, Founded:
2024. 1 February
2017
Ministry of Ayush Subodh Kumar (IAS), a 2010-batch Indian Administrative Service ---
officer of Tamil Nadu cadre, has been appointed as Director in the
Ministry of Ayush. The appointment, effective from the date of
assuming charge, is initially until October 8 or until further orders,
whichever is earlier.
OMEGA Olympic and World championships gold medal-winning javelin thrower ---
Neeraj Chopra has been roped in as the sporting ambassador of Swiss
luxury brand for watches OMEGA, which is also the Official Timekeeper
for this year’s Paris Olympics.
L&T R Shankar Raman, the current Whole-time Director and CFO of L&T, Founded:
has been elevated to the position of President. Following this 7 February
promotion, Raman will continue to hold his existing roles as the Whole- 1946
time Director and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the company.
Reserve Bank of The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has appointed R. Lakshmi Kanth Founded:
India Rao as Executive Director (ED) with effect from May 10, 2024. 1 April 1935
Prior to being promoted as ED, Shri Rao was serving as Chief Headquarters
General Manager-in-Charge in the Department of Regulation. : Mumbai
Governor:
Shaktikanta
Das
Meghalaya On May 11, 2024, Senior IPS Officer Idashisha Nongrang has been Capital:
named Meghalaya’s first woman Director General of Police (DGP). Shillong
SBI General SBI General Insurance has announced the appointment of Jaya ---
Insurance Tripathi as the Head – Key Relations Group. In her new role, Tripathi

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
will lead the expansion of new business opportunities and partnerships,

drive sales team growth, and deepen partner relationships to enhance
profitability.
Wipro Wipro, a leading IT major, has announced the appointment of Vinay ---
Firake as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of its Asia Pacific, India,
Middle East, and Africa (APMEA) strategic market unit (SMU), effective
immediately. Firake will report directly to Srini Pallia, Wipro’s CEO and
Managing Director, and will also join the company’s executive board.
Indian Farmers The Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative (IFFCO) has successfully Founded:
Fertiliser conducted its 15th RGB elections for its Board of Directors, marking a 3 November
Cooperative remarkable milestone in cooperative governance. The elections, held 1967
on May 9, 2024, at IFFCO’s corporate office in New Delhi, saw the
emergence of Dileep Sanghani as the Chairman and Balvir Singh as
the Vice Chairman of IFFCO.
Taiwan Lai Ching-te was sworn in as Taiwan’s new President after winning Capital:
the election earlier this year. He succeeds Tsai Ing-wen, who led Taipei City
Taiwan through eight years marked by economic and social progress Currency:
despite the COVID-19 pandemic and China’s increasing military threats. New Taiwan
dollar
NASA NASA has given a new role to David Salvagnini as the agency’s Chief Founded
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Officer. This is an addition to his current job as 29 July 1958
Chief Data Officer. The appointment shows NASA’s commitment to Headquarters
using AI technology responsibly. : Washington,
D.C., United
States
CBI In a significant development, senior Indian Police Service (IPS) officers Director
A Y V Krishna and N Venu Gopal have been appointed as additional Praveen Sood
directors in the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). Their
appointments underscore the government’s commitment to bolstering the
investigative capabilities of the premier investigative agency.
IDFC FIRST Bank The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has given its nod for the appointment CEO:
of Pradeep Natarajan as Whole Time Director on the Board of IDFC V.
FIRST Bank, marking a significant development for the private sector Vaidyanathan
lender. The approval, granted for a tenure of three years, underscores
the bank’s commitment to strengthening its leadership team.
NDA  Vice Admiral Gurcharan Singh assumed the appointment of Established:
Commandant, National Defence Academy on 25 May 2024 7 December
from Vice Admiral Ajay Kocchar. 1949
International Cricket The International Cricket Council (ICC), the global governing body of Headquarters
Council cricket, has appointed the legendary Pakistani cricketer Shahid Afridi : Dubai, United
as the brand ambassador for the upcoming 9th ICC Men’s T20 World Arab Emirates
Cup. This highly anticipated tournament will be co-hosted by the West Founded:
Indies and the United States of America from 1st to 29th June 2024. 15 June 1909
Central Electricity Ramesh Babu V. has taken oath of office and secrecy as Member, Established
Regulatory Central Electricity Regulatory Commission, on May 21, 2024. The by:
Commission oath of office and secrecy was administered to him, by the Union Electricity
Minister for Power and New & Renewable Energy Shri R. K. Singh. Regulatory
Commissions
Act, 1998
IndiaFirst Life The board of IndiaFirst Life Insurance has approved the promotion of ---
Insurance Rushabh Gandhi, the current Deputy Chief Executive Officer, to the
position of Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (MD and
CEO).

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May 2024
SJVN The Public Enterprises Selection Board (PESB) has recommended Ajay Founded:
Kumar Sharma for the post of Director (Personnel) of SJVN, a leading 1988
Public Sector Undertaking under Ministry of Power. Headquarter:
Shimla,
Himachal
Pradesh,
ICICI Prudential Life The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India ---
Insurance Company (IRDAI) has granted approval for the appointment of Sandeep Batra as
the Chairman of the Board of Directors of ICICI Prudential Life
Insurance Company.
Muthoot Pappachan The Muthoot Pappachan Group (MPG), popularly known as Muthoot ---
Group Blue, has announced the appointment of Shah Rukh Khan as its new
brand ambassador. This strategic collaboration marks a significant
milestone for MPG, aimed at reinforcing its brand presence and
establishing a new connection with a diverse audience across the
country.
IMPORTANT DAYS

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18 May 2024 World AIDS Vaccine Day World AIDS Vaccine Day, also known as HIV Vaccine Awareness
Day, is marked on May 18. It’s a day to raise awareness about the
ongoing fight against HIV/AIDS and the importance of developing a
vaccine. It recognises researchers, volunteers, and healthcare
workers dedicated to developing a vaccine. The day marks the
anniversary of a 1997 speech by US President Bill Clinton
highlighting the importance of an HIV vaccine.
21st May National Anti-Terrorism In India, the National Anti-Terrorism Day is observed on May 21
Day each year to commemorate the date when the former Prime
Minister Rajiv Gandhi, the sixth Prime Minister of India, was killed
by a suicide bomber from the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil
Eelam) in Sriperumbudur, a village near Madras (now Chennai).
22 May The International Day The International Day for Biological Diversity is celebrated every year
for Biological Diversity on May 22. The theme for 2024 is “Be Part of the Plan.” This
theme encourages governments, indigenous peoples and local
communities, non-governmental organizations, lawmakers,
businesses, and individuals to showcase their efforts in supporting
the implementation of the Biodiversity Plan.

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May 2024
24 May International Day of the The UN General Assembly proclaimed 24 May the International
Markhor Day of the Markhor and celebrate it for the first time in 2024.
25 May World Football Day 2024 marks the 100th anniversary of the first international
football tournament in history with the representation of all regions,
which took place on May 25, 1924, during the summer Olympic
games held in Paris. In recognition of this milestone, on May 7,
2024, the General Assembly passed Resolution proclaiming May 25
as World Football Day on 25 May 2024.
th
28 May World Hunger Day On May 28th, the world unites for World Hunger Day. This day
raises awareness about the urgent issue of global hunger.
In 2011, The Hunger Project, a global organisation dedicated to
ending hunger and poverty, established World Hunger Day as a
yearly event. This day serves as a platform to advocate for
sustainable solutions that address the root causes of hunger,
promote food security, and empower communities.
The theme for World Hunger Day 2024 is "Thriving Mothers,
Thriving World."
International Day of Observed annually on May 29th, the International Day of United
United Nations Nations Peacekeepers honors the establishment of the UN's first
Peacekeepers peacekeeping mission, UNTSO, which was deployed in 1948. We
recognize the bravery and commitment of all peacekeepers who
serve globally and pay our respects to those who sacrificed their lives
in the pursuit of peace.
This year, the United Nations commemorates the International Day of
29th May Peacekeepers under the theme, "Fit for the Future: Building
Better Together."
International Everest Every year, Mount Everest Day or International Everest Day is
Day celebrated on 29 May. The day is committed to honouring the two
brave climbers named Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay
Sherpa who were the first to climb the highest mountain in the world
on 29 May 1953.

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May 2024
OBITUARIES
Name of Person Field Points to Remember
Kelath Melam maestro Kelath Aravindakshan Marar, a prominent figure in the
Aravindakshan percussion ensembles of the Thrissur Pooram, passed
Marar away at the age of 82 in Thrissur.
Bernard Hill Actor Actor Bernard Hill, 79, who delivered a rousing cry before
leading his people into battle in The Lord of the Rings: The
Return of the King and went down with the ship as the
captain in Titanic, has died.
Vinay Vir Journalist Vinay Vir, a renowned journalist, publisher, and editor of the Daily
Hindi Milap, passed away on April 27th, 2024, at the age of 72.
He was a champion for the Hindi language in South India and a
respected figure in the journalism community.
Paul Auster Novelist Paul Auster, 77, the prolific American novelist whose works
included ‘The New York Trilogy,’ has died of complications from
lung cancer.
Uma Ramanan Singer Distinguished playback singer, Uma Ramanan passed away in
Chennai. The veteran singer has performed in over 6000 concerts
spanning more than three decades.
V. Srinivas Prasad Politician The Indian political landscape has lost a seasoned leader with the
passing of V. Srinivas Prasad, a Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
Member of Parliament (MP) and former Union Minister.
Cesar Luis Menotti Sports FIFA World Cup-winning coach Cesar Luis Menotti, who led
Argentina to the title in 1978, has died at the age of 85. Menotti,
who left the national side after the 1982 World Cup, went on to
coach Barcelona and guided it to Copa Del Rey success in 1983.
He also had spells with Atletico Madrid, Argentine sides Boca
Juniors, Independiente, River Plate, Penarol, Rosario Central,
Sampdoria and two Mexican sides Puebla and Tecos.
Alice Munro Author  Alice Munro, Nobel Prize-winning author known as "Canada's
Chekhov," died at 92 in Ontario.
 Awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature (2013) and
International Booker Prize (2009) for her mastery of short
stories.
 Munro's stories focused on the frailties of the human condition
set in rural Ontario.
 Her first story, The Dimensions of a Shadow, was published in
1950, and her last collection, Dear Life, appeared in 2012.
Sangeeth Sivan Entertainment Sangeeth Sivan passed away at 65 in Mumbai, leaving behind a
(Director) significant legacy in Malayalam cinema.
Varugeese Koshy Sports International Master Varugeese Koshy passed away. He was 66
years old.
Born in Adoor, Kerala, Koshy worked with Central Reserve Police
Force in Mt. Abu and then in Tata Iron and Steel Company
(TISCO, Jamshedpur), and ONGC from where he retired in 2018.
Koshy, who represented India in many international tournaments,
was also the president of Chess Players Forum India which was
formed in 2020-21.
Surjit Patar Poet Noted Punjabi poet and Padma Shri recipient Surjit Patar
passed away. He was 79.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
Surjit Patar’s poetic works include Hawa Vich Likhe Harf, Hanere
Vich Sulagdi Varanmala, Patjhar Di Pazeb, Lafzaan Di Dargah,
and Surzameen.
Sushil Kumar Modi Politician Senior BJP leader and former Bihar Deputy Chief Minister Sushil
Kumar Modi passed away at the age of 72 in New Delhi.
He played a significant role in Bihar politics, heavily influenced by
the JP Movement led by socialist leader Jayaprakash Narayan.
Sushil Modi served as Deputy Chief Minister starting in 2005
alongside Chief Minister Nitish Kumar, taking power from the
Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD).
He was renowned for his tenure as Finance Minister of Bihar,
earning the nickname “Bhamashah” for his ability to fund state
welfare initiatives.
Ebrahim Raisi Politics Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi and his foreign minister died in a
helicopter crash.
Kamla Beniwal Politician Veteran Congress leader and former Governor of Gujarat Kamla
Beniwal died. She was 97. Apart from Gujarat, she also served
as Governor of Tripura and Mizoram.
Alice Munro Literature Alice Munro, Nobel laureate in Literature, recently passed away.
Munro left behind a legacy of over twelve short story collections
and the 2013 Nobel Prize.
She also won the Man Booker International Prize in 2009 and
the Giller Prize twice.
Gordon Bell Engineer Gordon Bell, a true visionary in the world of computing who
helped design some of the first minicomputers in the 1960s, died
May 17 at the age of 89.
SPORTS
Amul will sponsor USA men's cricket team in upcoming T20 World Cup
 The Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), known for the Amul brand, has
become the lead sponsor for the USA Cricket men's team at the ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024.
 The ICC T20 World Cup is set to start on June 1, 2024, with the USA team co-hosting and making its
debut in the tournament. The opening match will feature the USA against Canada in Dallas, TX.
 This sponsorship marks an important step in Amul's history of supporting international cricket,
which began with its association with the Netherlands' cricket team in 2011. Amul has continued to
support various international teams in numerous ICC events.
 GCMMF, the world's largest farmer-owned dairy cooperative, with 3.6 million farmers, processes 3.2
million liters of milk daily and distributes over 22 billion packs of products annually in more than 50
countries.
Fred Perry Cup ITF tennis masters

 Nitten Kirrtane faced defeat against Davide Gregianin in a three-set match during the Fred Perry Cup
ITF tennis masters over-50 world championship final in Mexico City, resulting in a 1-2 loss for India
against Italy.
 Italy secured an early lead with Lorenzo Pennisi defeating Jagdish Tanwar with scores of 6-1, 6-1.
 The Italian team opted to give a walkover in the doubles match, which was deemed inconsequential, to
expedite their celebration following their victory.
India to host 2025 badminton World Junior Championship

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 The 2025 BWF World Junior Championship will be hosted by the National Centre of Excellence for
badminton in Guwahati, following the Badminton World Federation's (BWF) decision to allot the event
to India.
 This decision was made during the BWF's Annual General Meeting (AGM), held on the sidelines of the
Thomas and Uber Cup in Chengdu.
 The BWF president, Paul-Erik Hoyer, praised India's development of badminton talent and highlighted
the National Centre of Excellence as a state-of-the-art facility suited for showcasing young talent.
 The center, inaugurated in August of the previous year, features 14 courts and a seating capacity of
approximately 4000. It hosted the Guwahati Masters in December last year.
 This event marks the second time India will host the competition, the first being in Pune in 2008,
notable for Saina Nehwal becoming the first Indian to win the title.
 The selection of Guwahati as the host city underscores India's rising status as a badminton
powerhouse, capable of producing top players and hosting major international events, as stated by BAI
secretary-general Sanjay Mishra.
International Chess Federation Awards Grandmaster Title To Indian Chess Prodigy Vaishali
Ramesh Babu
 Vaishali Ramesh Babu has been awarded the title of Grandmaster by FIDE (International Chess
Federation), making her the third Indian female to achieve this status after Koneru Humpy and Harika
Dronavalli.
 This achievement also marks Vaishali and her brother, Rameshbabu Praggnanandhaa, as the world’s
first Grandmaster brother-sister duo.
 Vaishali secured the necessary 2500 ELO points at the Llobregat Open tournament in Spain, with the
title officially conferred during the FIDE Council meeting at the Candidates Tournament in Toronto last
month.
NADA India organizes #PlayTrue Campaign to create awareness about clean sports
 The National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA), India successfully concluded the #PlayTrue Campaign,
with over 12,133 participants. The campaign, aligned with the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
vision, was held from April 15 to 30, 2024, focusing on promoting clean sport and anti-doping
practices across India.
 The initiative aimed to equip athletes, coaches, and sports enthusiasts with a deep understanding of
anti-doping regulations, encouraging adherence to fair play and integrity in sports.
 The campaign featured awareness sessions on doping consequences, supplement use, and the role of
law enforcement in anti-doping efforts, targeting a diverse audience including athlete support
personnel, medical practitioners, educators, legal professionals, and nutritional supplement
manufacturers.
 This campaign highlights India's efforts in establishing a robust anti-doping framework ahead of the
Paris 2024 Olympics, demonstrating the country's commitment to maintaining global standards of
fairness and integrity in sports.
Devon Thomas banned for five years under Anti-Corruption Code
 Devon Thomas, a West Indies cricketer, received a five-year ban from all cricket activities for match-
fixing offenses in the Caribbean Premier League, Lankan Premier League, and a UAE-based league.
 Thomas admitted to seven charges under the anti-corruption codes of Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC), the
Emirates Cricket Board (ECB), and the Caribbean Premier League (CPL).
 Key violations included failing to disclose corrupt approaches, not cooperating with investigations, and
obstructing anti-corruption inquiries.
 The International Cricket Council (ICC) ruled that the last 18 months of his ban will be suspended,
making Thomas eligible to play cricket again in November 2026.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 This case highlights the ICC's firm stance on maintaining the integrity of cricket by imposing strict
penalties on those who compromise the sport through corruption.
Iga Switek, Andrey Rublev wins the Madrid Open Tennis Singles Title
 Iga Swiatek of Poland and Andrey Rublev of Russia won the women’s and men’s singles titles at the
2024 Madrid Open, held from April 22 to May 5.
 This victory marked Swiatek's first Madrid Open title and her 20th career title, enhancing her position as
the world no.1 in women's tennis. She defeated Aryna Sabalenka in a closely contested final.
 Andrey Rublev clinched his second Madrid Open title and his 16th career title, defeating Felix Auger-
Aliassime in the men’s final, which was Auger-Aliassime's first ATP Masters 1000 final.
 The Madrid Open is classified as a 1000-event for both the ATP (Men’s) and WTA (Women’s), awarding
1000 ranking points to the singles winners, which is crucial for maintaining or improving world rankings.
 In women’s doubles, the Spanish duo Sara Sorribes and Cristina Bucsa won their first WTA 1000
event, becoming the first Spaniards to win the women's doubles title at the Madrid Open.
 In men’s doubles, Jordan Thompson and Sebastian Korda won their first Masters 1000 doubles title.
 The ATP and WTA classify nine tournaments respectively as Masters 1000 events, which are
significant in the professional tennis calendar due to the high ranking points and prestige associated with
winning.
P Shyaamnikhil of Tamil Nadu becomes India’s 85th Chess Grandmaster
 P Shyaamnikhil became India's 85th chess Grandmaster (GM) at the 2024 Dubai Police Masters
Chess Tournament.
 Achieved the final GM norm after needing one win and eight draws; had previously secured the required
2500 ELO rating and two GM norms in 2012.
 Grandmaster (GM) is the highest chess title, requiring a 2500 Elo rating and three GM norms for men;
for women, a 2300 Elo rating and three women GM norms.
 International Master (IM) is the second-highest chess title, requiring a 2400 Elo rating and three IM
norms for men; for women, a 2200 Elo rating and three women IM norms.
 FIDE Master (FM) and Candidate Master (CM) titles require lower Elo ratings without norms.
 Manuel Aaron was India's first International Master in 1961; Viswanathan Anand became the first
Indian GM in 1988; Koneru Humpy was India's first female GM.
Nikola Jokic named NBA Most Valuable Player for third time
 Nikola Jokic, center for the Denver Nuggets, was named NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) for the
third time in four seasons.
 The 29-year-old Serbian previously won the MVP award in 2021 and 2022, and was the runner-up in
2023.
 Jokic won the MVP award over strong competitors like Luka Doncic of the Dallas Mavericks and Shai
Gilgeous-Alexander of the Oklahoma City Thunder.
Global wrestling body UWW suspends Bajrang Punia until the end of 2024
 Bajrang Punia, a World and Olympic medal-winning wrestler, has been provisionally suspended by
the National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) for refusing to provide a urine sample during selection trials
for Olympic qualifiers on March 10 in Sonipat.
 Following NADA's action, United World Wrestling (UWW) has extended this suspension until
December 31, 2024, citing an alleged anti-doping rule violation (ADRV).
 The specific end date of the suspension by UWW, December 31, 2024, remains unclear regarding its
derivation, despite NADA's suspension being applicable to all competitions and activities until the
resolution of the charge.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
Learn Along:
About National Anti-Doping Agency
 The National Anti-Doping Agency of India is India's national organisation responsible for promoting,
coordinating, and monitoring the doping control program in sports in all its forms.
Director General: Ashish Bhargava Formation: 24 November 2005
New Zealand batter Colin Munro announces retirement from international cricket after T20 World Cup
snub
 Colin Munro, a prominent New Zealand cricketer, announced his retirement from international
cricket following his exclusion from the national team for the upcoming T20 World Cup.
 Munro's career statistics include playing one Test, 57 ODIs, and 65 T20Is, accumulating a total of 3,010
runs.
 He is especially noted for his performance in T20Is, where he maintained an impressive strike rate of
156.44 and is one of the few players to have scored over 10,000 runs in all T20 competitions.
 Munro's record includes a 14-ball 50 against Sri Lanka in 2016—the fastest T20I fifty by a New Zealand
batsman and the fourth fastest globally—and a 47-ball century against the West Indies in 2018, which
was the quickest T20I hundred by a Kiwi at the time.
 Although his last game for New Zealand was in 2020, Munro plans to continue playing in various T20
leagues around the world.
Indian Gymnast Srishti Khandagale Wins Silver At Asian Championships
 Srishti Khandagale became the first Indian to win a medal at the Asian Trampoline Gymnastics
Championships, securing a silver medal in the Women’s Individual Age group category.
 The event took place at the 6th Asian Trampoline Gymnastics Championship in Hong Kong, China.
 Despite her historic performance, Khandagale did not qualify for the upcoming Paris Olympics as
she was competing in an age group event.
 Gold and bronze medals in the same event were won by Kazakhstan's Dolgopolova and Hong Kong's S
Hung, respectively.
French MotoGP: Jorge Martin extends championship lead with a thrilling win
 Jorge Martin secured a victory at the French MotoGP in Le Mans, enhancing his lead in the
championship standings.
 Martin, a Pramac Ducati rider, now leads with 129 points, 38 points ahead of second-placed
Francesco Bagnaia.
 Throughout the race, Martin was closely challenged by Bagnaia until Marc Marquez, riding for Gresini
Ducati, surpassed Bagnaia to finish second.
 Martin's win followed a victory in the previous day's sprint, making it a double win for the weekend at Le
Mans.
 Despite a challenging start from the pole position and losing the lead initially, Martin managed to regain
and maintain the lead towards the end of the race.
 Marc Marquez, who has faced setbacks due to injuries and vision issues, demonstrated resilience by
climbing to third in the championship standings after finishing second in this race.
Japan defeated Pakistan to win the 30th Sultan Azlan Shah Trophy
 Japan won its first Sultan Azlan Shah Hockey trophy, defeating Pakistan 4-1 in a penalty shootout
after a 2-2 draw in regulation time. The final took place at Azlan Shah Stadium in Ipoh, Malaysia, on May
11, 2024.
 This victory marked Japan's maiden title in the tournament, while Pakistan, known as the Green Shirts,
made its 10th appearance in the final, previously winning the trophy three times.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 The final standings of the 30th Sultan Azlan Shah Trophy were: Japan first, Pakistan second,
followed by Malaysia, New Zealand, South Korea, and Canada.
 India, which has won the Sultan Azlan Shah Trophy five times, did not participate in the 2024 event as it
focused on preparations for the 2024 Paris Olympics, opting instead for the Pro-League in Europe.
 Post-tournament, Japan improved its global hockey ranking to 15th, while Pakistan dropped to
16th. New Zealand was the highest-ranked team in the tournament, standing 10th globally.
 The Sultan Azlan Shah Trophy, named after the former Sultan of Perak and a pioneer of hockey in Asia,
is an annual event organized by the Malaysia Hockey Confederation since its shift to an annual schedule
in 1999.
 Australia holds the record for the most titles at the Sultan Azlan Shah Trophy with ten wins,
followed by India with five, and Pakistan with three.
Ronaldo tops highest-paid athlete list – Forbes
 Cristiano Ronaldo tops the Forbes list of highest-paid athletes for the fourth time, earning $260m
(£205m), following his move to Al Nassr in Saudi Arabia.
 Jon Rahm, the Spanish golfer, is second with $218m (£172m), boosted by his switch to the Saudi-
funded LIV Golf tour.
 Lionel Messi falls to third, earning $135m (£107m).
 Neymar and Karim Benzema enter the top 10 after joining the Saudi Pro League.
 Basketball stars LeBron James (fourth, $128.2m (£101m)), Giannis Antetokounmpo (fifth, $111m
(£88m)), and Stephen Curry (ninth, $102m (£80m)) are also on the list.
 American football quarterback Lamar Jackson is tenth, earning $100.5m (£79m).
 The top 10 athletes collectively earned $1.38bn (£1.06bn) before taxes and agents’ fees over the past
12 months, the highest total ever recorded.
World's Top 10 Highest-Paid Athletes 2024:
1. Cristiano Ronaldo, football: $260m (£205m)
2. Jon Rahm, golf: $218m (£172m)
3. Lionel Messi, football: $135m (£107m)
4. LeBron James, basketball: $128.2m (£101m)
5. Giannis Antetokounmpo, basketball: $111m (£88m)
6. Kylian Mbappe, football: $110m (£87m)
7. Neymar, football: $108m (£85m)
8. Karim Benzema, football: $106m (£84m)
9. Stephen Curry, basketball: $102m (£80m)
10. Lamar Jackson, American football: $100.5m (£79m)
Brazil to Host 2027 Women’s World Cup Soccer
 2027 FIFA Women’s World Cup will be held in Brazil, marking the first time the country will host this
prestigious event.
 This aligns with FIFA's focus on making women’s football more popular and accessible globally.
 Brazil was chosen due to its rich football history, having hosted the 2014 FIFA Men’s World Cup and
the 2016 Summer Olympics, along with its well-established sports infrastructure and passionate fan
base.
Significance of the Event:
 Expected to boost local economies and promote gender equality in sports.
 Aims to encourage young women to pursue sports in Brazil and worldwide.
Preparation and Expectations:
 Brazil will likely improve infrastructure and stadiums to meet FIFA’s standards.
 The event is seen as a chance for social and urban growth with long-lasting effects.
 Anticipated to attract tourists and media attention, benefiting the economy and industries such as
shopping, transportation, and hospitality.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Could enhance cultural and international cooperation and spotlight issues related to women’s
empowerment through sports.
Facts About Women’s World Cup:
 The first Women’s World Cup was held in China in 1991.
 Norway won in 1995, with Hege Riise playing a key role.
 Before 1995, games lasted 80 minutes, not 90 like the men’s.
 Carli Lloyd of the United States scored the fastest hat-trick in a final in 2015, taking only 16 minutes.
 Marta of Brazil holds the record for most goals in Women’s World Cups with 17 goals.
 North Korea was excluded from the 2015 Cup for breaking rules in 2011.
 The 2023 tournament in Australia and New Zealand will feature 32 teams, up from 24 in previous
tournaments.
Coca-Cola India backs women’s hockey in new CSR initiative
 Coca-Cola India has partnered with Hockey India to support and enhance the growth of women’s
hockey in India.
 This collaboration aims to promote gender equality in sports by creating opportunities for female
athletes to excel and compete at higher levels.
 The partnership will provide financial assistance, infrastructure development, and access to training
facilities to boost women's hockey from the grassroots level.
 Awareness-raising campaigns and strategic marketing efforts will be launched to increase the
popularity and support for women’s hockey across the nation.
 The initiative also focuses on inclusivity and diversity, encouraging more girls and women to
participate in hockey and pursue their sporting ambitions.
 This collaboration marks a significant step towards achieving gender equality in sports, particularly in
hockey, by empowering female athletes and providing them with enhanced opportunities.
Sunil Chhetri to retire from internationals after WC qualifier against Kuwait
 Sunil Chhetri, Indian football captain, announced his retirement from international football effective after
the FIFA World Cup qualifying match against Kuwait on June 6 in Kolkata.
 Sunil Chhetri, who debuted in 2005, is India’s all-time top scorer with 94 goals from 150 appearances
and the most-capped player.
 Chhetri's career highlights include leading India to victories in the Nehru Cup (2007, 2009, 2012) and
the South Asian Football Federation (SAFF) Championship (2011, 2015, 2021, 2023).
 He was instrumental in India qualifying for the AFC Asian Cup in 2011, their first appearance in 27
years, and also played in the 2019 and 2023 editions.
 Recognized as the AIFF Player of the Year seven times, Chhetri has played for major clubs including
Mohun Bagan, East Bengal, Dempo, and Bengaluru FC.
 His decision to retire was emotionally impactful for his family, with varied reactions from his parents and
wife.
Deepthi wins 400m with world record time
 Deepthi Jeevanji won gold with a world record time of 55.07 seconds in the women's 400m T20
category at the World Para Athletics Championships.
 She broke the previous record of 55.12 seconds set by American Breanna Clark.
 Deepthi had qualified for the final with an Asian record time of 56.18 seconds in the heats.
 The T20 category is for athletes with intellectual impairments.
 Yogesh Kathuniya won silver in the men's F56 category discus with a throw of 41.80 metres.
 The F56 category is for athletes who compete in field events from a seated position, including those
with amputations and spinal cord injuries.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
Federation Cup 2024 athletics: Neeraj Chopra marks homecoming with javelin throw gold medal
 Neeraj Chopra won the gold medal in men’s javelin throw with an 82.27m throw at the Federation
Cup 2024 in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.
 This was Neeraj's first event in India since becoming the Olympic champion three years ago.
 Neeraj last competed in India at the Federation Cup in March 2021, winning gold with an 87.80m
throw.
 This event was Neeraj’s second competitive outing of the 2024 outdoor athletics season, following
a second-place finish at the Doha Diamond League with an 88.36m throw.
 DP Manu won the silver medal with a 82.06m throw, and Uttam Balasaheb Patil won the bronze with
a 78.39m effort.
 Kishore Jena, who has secured a Paris 2024 Olympic quota for India, finished fifth with a 75.49m
throw.
 Bibin Antony finished fourth with a personal best of 77.37m.
Gold for Bharali in World youth weightlifting
 Bedabrat Bharali became the first Indian male lifter to win a gold medal in the World Youth
Championships in Lima, Peru.
 The 17-year-old Bharali lifted 136kg in snatch and 160kg in clean and jerk for a total of 296kg to
win the men’s 73kg title.
 Sairaj Pardeshi, competing in 81kg, claimed bronze with 135kg in snatch and finished fourth
overall.
Kolkata beat Hyderabad by eight wickets: IPL 2024 final

 Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) won their third Indian Premier League (IPL) 2024 title, beating
Sunrisers Hyderabad (SRH) by 8 wickets with 57 balls to spare.
Ravi Shastri Among 53 Others Named in Cricket Australia's Multicultural Ambassador Program
 Cricket Australia launched the Multicultural Ambassador Program, naming 53 individuals from
diverse backgrounds.
 Part of the Australian Cricket Multicultural Action Plan, the program advocates for inclusivity and
positive change in cricket and the wider community.
 Ambassadors include past and current players and industry and community leaders.
 Inaugural ambassadors: Usman Khawaja, Mel Jones, Wasim Akram, Ravi Shastri, Lisa Sthalekar,
Kishwar Chowdhury, Alana King, Peter Varghese, Swati Dave, Fawad Ahmed, and others.
 Ambassadors will drive the five focus areas of the Multicultural Action Plan:
I. Participation
II. High Performance
III. People and Representation
IV. Communications and Engagement
V. Event and Experience
 The program aims to ensure cricket reflects contemporary Australian society and embraces diversity.
 Through collaboration, the program seeks to make cricket a welcoming and inclusive sport for all.
Chandru G Wins WBC India Cruiserweight Championship
 Chandru G from Tamil Nadu won the WBC India National title in the Cruiserweight Division by
defeating Jaskaran Singh from Punjab at the Pro Boxing Fight Night in Hyderabad.
 The fight ended with a knockout in the fourth round, with Chandru landing a devastating left hook,
ending the fight at 1:13 of the round.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Chandru G had a perfect 10-0 record before the fight, while Jaskaran Singh had a 9-3 record.
Other Notable Fights:
 Taher Khuram defeated Samuel J by unanimous decision.
 Akshay Chahal and Ram Singh ended in a split draw.
 Ashish Choudhary won over Manish Sharma by unanimous decision.
 Renu Phogat and Kartik Kumar both won their fights through technical knockouts.
Learn Along:
WBC India National title:
 Promotes professional boxing in India and provides a platform for Indian boxers to gain global recognition.
 Includes various weight categories for a wide range of boxers.
 Notable champion: Lalrinsanga Tlau, who won the WBC India super featherweight title in 2021.
 Title fights are held at venues meeting high standards.
 Fights are regulated by strict WBC rules for safety and fairness.
Cruiserweight Division:
 Established in 1979, for athletes weighing up to 200 pounds.
 Sits between light heavyweight and heavyweight classes.
 Notable champion: Evander Holyfield, the first undisputed winner before moving to heavyweight.
 Recognized first by the WBA.
 The term "cruiserweight" is also used in kickboxing, MMA, and other combat sports.
IOC Launches ‘Let’s Move India’ Campaign To Inspire People To Celebrate Athletes At Paris
Olympics
 The International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced the launch of ‘Let’s Move India’, an initiative
to inspire people to celebrate athletes participating in the upcoming Olympic Games in Paris.
 The initiative includes a digital challenge on social media inviting people across India to join the
movement.
 Young people can participate in regional school initiatives coinciding with Olympic Day on June 23.
 People are encouraged to recreate their favorite athlete celebrations or create their own to inspire
and celebrate Olympians heading to Paris 2024, representing 1.4 billion compatriots from July 26.
 The IOC has partnered with Abhinav Bindra, India’s first individual Olympic gold medallist and an IOC
Athletes’ Commission member.
 Schools nationwide will be invited to join the movement as part of the Olympic Values Education
Programme.
JSSPS Cadet Secures Two Bronze Medals at IWF World Youth Weightlifting Championship in Lima,
Peru
 Babulal Hembrom, a Jharkhand State Sports Promotion Society (JSSPS) cadet, secured two
bronze medals at the IWF World Youth Weightlifting Championship.
 Babulal clinched third place in 49 kg Snatch and Clean & Jerk categories at the championship in
Lima, Peru.
 JSSPS is supported by Central Coal Fields Ltd (CCL) to promote sports facilities in coal-bearing states.
 Around 500 sports persons receive training and formal education at the prestigious JSSPS campus in
Ranchi.
 Babulal's achievement endorses the efforts of CCL and the coal ministry in promoting sports culture in
coal-bearing states.
 The Coal Ministry plans to set up “Centre of Excellence in Sports” in each of its 7 subsidiaries
under a CSR initiative.
Dipa Karmakar creates history wins gold at Asian Championship
 Dipa Karmakar of Tripura became the first Indian gymnast to win a gold medal in the Asian
Championships, securing gold in the women’s vault individual final at the Asian Women’s Artistic
Gymnastics Championships 2024 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

Monthly BeePedia
May 2024
 Dipa Karmakar scored 13.566 points to win the gold medal, with North Korea’s Kim Son-hyang winning
silver and Jo Kyong-byol winning bronze.
 Previous Indian medal winners in the Asian Championships include Ashish Kumar (bronze, 2006),
Dipa Karmakar (bronze, 2015), and Pranati Nayak (bronze, 2019 and 2022).
 She was the first Indian to win a gold medal at a global gymnastics event, with her victory at the
2018 FIG World Cup in Mersin, Turkiye.
 Dipa Karmakar has received several prestigious awards, including India’s highest sports award, the
Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award (now Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award) in 2016, and India’s
fourth highest civilian award, Padma Shri in 2017.
Chennai to host second Indian Grand Prix
 The second Indian Grand Prix is set to occur at Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, organized by the Tamil
Nadu Athletic Association and the Athletic Federation of India.
 Adille Sumariwalla, Vice President of World Athletics, will inaugurate the event.
 The event will feature top national athletes and will serve as one of the selection trials for the Paris
Olympics.
 Athletes will compete in nine events including 200m, 400m, hurdles, middle-distance races, and field
events.
 Prominent Tamil Nadu athletes like Rosy Meena, Pavithra Venkatesh, and Mohammed Salahuddin will
participate.
Sources of the News:
The Hindu,The Indian Express,Business Standard, The Financial Express ,PIB, etc.


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RBI, Banking and Economy ___________________________________________ 2

SEBI and Financial Awareness _________________________________________ 13

NABARD and Agriculture ___________________________________________ 18

Reports and Indexes _______________________________________________ 39

Science and Technology ___________________________________________ 53

Awards & Rewards ___________________________________________________ 69

Important Days ___________________________________________________ 75

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RBI, Banking and Economy

RBI Eases FEMA Regulations

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Domestically held gold reserves rose 40% in 5 yrs: RBI

RBI to transfer ₹2,10,874 cr. surplus to Centre for FY24

RBI launches PRAVAAH portal for online application, approval

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Indian Manufacturing Needs Product Sophistication

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Moody’s pegs Indian economy’s growth for FY25 at 6.6%

To know about Real & Nominal GDP,Click here: https://youtu.be/C6yobOawdGI?si=6lSikpREu03Hh6RC

Regional Economic Outlook for Asia And Pacific Report: IMF

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Airbus Helicopters, SIDBI sign MoU for helicopter financing

Bank of Maharashtra tops among PSU banks in business growth in FY24

YES BANK launches YES Grandeur

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Food inflation surges to four-month high in April

HDFC Bank unveils PIXEL range of digital credit cards

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SBI becomes first trading, clearing member bank at IIBX

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Zeta launches digital credit as service for banks in India

Fi Secured NBFC License From RBI: Expanding Financial Services Offerings

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Mining Sector Registers Record Production in FY 2023-24

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OECD raises India’s FY25 GDP growth projection to 6.6%

India Ratings raises FY25 GDP growth view to 7.1%

Understand GDP (In English): https://youtu.be/WRoHNuQQV48?si=g3GJUbSwJymrl-YY

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SEBI and FINANCIAL AWARENESS

Thomas Cook India launched TCPay, shares rise 2.26%

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GTRI Report: India s Toy Exports Slip To $152.34 Million In 2023-24

90% funds for FAME-II used until deadline

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NPCI’s global arm to develop UPI-like system for Namibia

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Top four PSBs paying high dividends:

India’s Target of USD 1 Trillion Goods Exports by 2030

₹ 500 note now 86.5% of currency in circulation by value

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Sebi Cracks Down on Gaming Apps Involved in Virtual Trading

Google to buy minority stake in Flipkart for $350 millon

To Know about NSE and BSE click here: https://youtu.be/PyYTpRiRQKA?si=0lcWDYq7AebDtfFB

IOCL exports premium fuel to Sri Lanka

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India records trade deficit with 9 of top 10 trading partners in 2023-24

NABARD and AGRICULTURE

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Every rupee invested in agri research yields ₹ 13.85: Study