izkstsDV odZ dk izLRkkfor 'kh"kZd &

mRrjk[k.M esa tutkrh; vkcknh ds chp LokLF; leL;kvksa dh fLFkfr

mÙkjk[k.M eqDr fo”ofo|ky;

ds lekt dk;Z ds LukrdksRRkj (M.S.W.) dk;ZØe gsrq y?kq 'kks/k izcU/k ¼iz”u&i= l[;ak&17½

'kks/kkFkhZ dk uke funZs”kd dk uke

izHkkr ukSfV;ky funsZf'kdk& M‚ vukfedk Ns=h
ukekadu l[;ka 22302175 foHkkx & lekt'kkL=
jkepas mfu;ky jktdh; LukrdksÙkj
egkfo|ky; mÙkjdk'kh
mÙkjk[k.

v/;;u dsas dk uke & jkepas mfu;ky jktdh; LukrdksÙkj egkfo|ky;

mÙkjdk'kh mÙkjk[kaM
v/;;u dsas dksM & 15016

1
MSW Project Proposal for Approval from Academic Councellor at Study Center
Enrollment No : 22302175
Title of the Project : Status of Health Problems among Tribal
Population in Uttarakhand
Date of Submission : 18 May , 2024
Name of the Study Center : RCU PG College Uttarkashi 151016
Name of the Regional Center : Dehradoon

Name of the Guide: Dr. Anamika Chhetri

Signature………….
Name & Address of the Guide : RCU PG College
Uttarkashi
Model Study Center :Uttarakhand Open University
Phone No.& Mail Id : 9456216395 /
anamika.chhetri@gmail.com

Name & Address of the Student Prabhat Nautiyal

Village and post office-kuthnour, barkot (uttarkashi) Uttarakhand India
Phone No.& Mail Id 9870689326
249141 , prabhat9tayal@gmail.com

Approved /not approved (with remarks)

……………………………………………………
Date and Place: 18 May 2024

2
mRrjk[k.M esa tutkrh; vkcknh ds chp LokLF; leL;kvksa dh fLFkfr

1- 'kh"kZd dk pquko ,oa çLrkouk

2- midYiuk dk fuekZ.k

3- v/;;u ds mís';

4- v/;;u {ks= gsrq

ç;ksx fof/k 5- “kks/k izjpuk

6- Lkexz ,oa fun'kZu ¼d½ voyksdu ¼[k½ lk{kkRdkj

7- f}rh;d rF; ,df=r djusa dh fof/k

8- lkj.khdj.k rFkk rF; fo'ys"k.k O;k[;k ,oa çfrosnu

9- 'kks/k v/;;u dk v/;k;hdj.k

10- lUnHkZ xzUFk lwph

3
1- 'kh"kZd dk pquko ,oa çLrkouk

fofHkUu v/;;u ;g crkrs gSa fd tutkfr;k¡ çFkDdj.k esa fuokl djrh gS tgk¡

dbZ {ks=ksa esa rks vk/kqfud fpfdRlk i)fr vkSj mipkj fof/k dh miyC/krk gh

ugha gSysfdu nwljh vksj ;g rF; Hkh jkspd gS tgk¡ nksuksa fof/k;ksa ds e/; p;u

dh fLFkfr vkrh gS ogk¡ Hkh lkekU;r;k ijEijkxr fpfdRlk vkSj mipkj fof/k dks

çkFkfedrk nh tkrh gSA jksx dh xaHkhjrk gksus ij ,syksisFkh dk lgkjk fy;k

tkrk gSA f'k{kk dk Hkh LokLF; ls xgjk laca/k gS] dbZ tutkrh; bykdksa esa

vf'k{kk ds dkj.k LokLF; vkSj iks"k.kh; psruk dk Lrj cgqr fuEu gSA çtuunj

vkSj e`R;qnj dh vf/kdrk Hkh tutkrh; {ks=ksa esa O;kIr gSA lkFk gh vikSf"Vdrk vkSj

laØe.k LokLF; gkl ds çeq[k dkj.kksa esa gSaA

ijEijkxr fpfdRlk dh mudh viuh fojklr gS ysfdu va/kfo'okl ds dkj.k

vLokLF;dj n'kk,¡ mUgsa LokLF; dh mÙke n'kk ds okrkoj.k dk lgHkkxh ugha

cuus nsrh gS vkSj ,slh fLFkfr esa LokLF; ds vf/kdkj vkSj ;kstukvksa dk tutkrh;

{ks=ksa esa çHkko vkSj vçHkko ds ckjs esa lkspus vkSj vuqla/kku vko';d gks tkrk gSA

LokLF; lHkh leqnk;ksa vkSj {ks=ksa ds thou dk çeq[k vk/kkj gS vkSj tutkrh; leqnk;

ds fy, bldh egÙkk dbZ vf/kd gSA blds nks çeq[k dkj.k çrhr gksrs gS

çFkDdj.k vkSj va/kfo'okl A fofo/k ljdkjh vkSj xSj ljdkjh ç;klksa ds ckotwn

tutkrh; LokLF; dh xq.koÙkk vkt Hkh dbZ pqukSfr;ksa ls ;qDr gSA

4
 miyC/k lkfgR; dk iwu% voyksdu

“kks/k ds ifj.kkeksa dh O;k[;k djus esa Hkh losZ{k.k v/;;u mi;ksxh gSA

 QMds] oh-,l- vkSj ,l-,l- isMusdj ds vn;ku ds vuqlkj mUgksaus ik;k fd tutkrh;

yksx ubZ [kkst vkSj rduhd dks cgqr nsj ls viukrs gSa ftlls muds fodkl

dh 'kq#vkr nsj ls gksrh gSA

 flag] fouksn 'kadj] Hkkjrh; lekt ,oa lkekftd ijEijk,¡] bl iqLrd esa

tutkfr;ksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh ds fy, vǔNk ek/;e gSA

 ijekj] lanhi iapk;rhjkt esa xzkeh.k 'kfä lajpuk% fujarjrk ,oa ifjorZu] ekuo

us vius v/;;u esa ;g crk;k fd Hkkjr ds fHkUu&fHkUu ,oa nwjLFk {ks=ksa ls lacaf/kr

Hkkxksa dk v/;;u fd;k x;k gSA blesa xzkeh.k 'kfä&lajpuk] rFkk usr`Ro esa

ifjorZuksa dk vkHkkl rks feyrk gS ijUrq lkFk gh ijaijk ls tqM+ko HkhA

 JhokLro dkS'ky ds uksfj;ky] Mh- ds- JhokLro ruqtk] 1998] vkfnokfl;ksa

dk O;kolkf;d <kapk vkSj mudh 'kSf{kd fLFkfr ifjis{;

 oekZ] eksfudk] iky] lqjsUs] Hkkjrh; tutkrh; lekt 2014 ¼ek[kuyky prqosZnh
jk"Vªh ;

i=dkfjrk ,oa lapkj fo'ofo|ky; Hkksiky½ e/;çns'k ek/;e] bl 'kks/k esa

tutkrh; lekt ds dbZ igyqvksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj dk;Z fd;k x;k gS vkSj bl 'kks/k

ds ifj.kke ls tutkfr;ksa dh dbZ egRoiw.kZ tkudkfj;k¡ lkeus vkbZ gSa tSls mu rd

ehfM;k dh igq¡p] miyC/krk] vkLFkk,¡] laokn ijEijk,¡] lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd

vo/kkj.kk,¡ vkfnA

5
2- midYiuk dk fuekZ.k

o tutkrh; yksxksa dks LoLFk jgus ds fy;s i;kZIr ;k mi;qä Hkkstu ugha

feyrk gSA

o tutkfr {ks=ksa esa LokLF; dks cuk, j[kus ds fy, va/kfo'oklksa esa fo'okl

djrh gSA

o vkfnoklh vkcknh ds chp LoLFk jgus dh bǔNk vkSj LokLF; ns[kHkky forj.k

esa vlekurk gSA

o vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa dks ikjaifjd fpfdRldksa }kjk çnku dh tkus okyh

lsokvksa dks igpkuuk vkSj Lohdkj ugha djrh gSA

o tutkfr;ksa esa fpfdRlk ls tqM+s lkekU; vf/kdkjksa dh tkx:drk dk vHkko

Hkh fo|eku gSA

o tutkrh; leqnk;ksa dh fofo/k lkekftd&lkaL—frd çFkkvksa]

jhfr&fjoktksa] jhfr&fjoktksa vkSj Hkk"kkvksa ds dkj.k tutkrh; LokLF; eqís

vyx&vyx gSaA

6
3- v/;;u ds mís';

izLrkfor v/;;u esa fuEufyf[kr mn~ns”;ksa dk fu/kkZj.k fd;k x;k gS&

'kks/k dk;Z dks n`f"Vxr djr gq;s fuEukuqlkj ifjdYiukvksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gS

mD ifjdYiukvksa dk izkIr rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij ijh{k.k dj mud lkFkZdrk dks 'kks/k

v/;;u esa izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA

1- LokLF; ds izfr tutkrh; vkcknh dh vfHko`fÙk dk v/;;u djukA

2- xzkeh.k {ks= ds tutkrh; vkcknh

dh LokLF; ds ljdkjh ;kstukvksa dk v/;;u djukA

3- tutkrh; vkcknh dks LokLF; ds izfr mipkjks dk v/;;u djukA

4- LokLF; ds izfr tutkrh; vkcknh dh ds fy, pyk,s tk jgs

dk;ksZ dh leh{kk ,oa v/;;u djukA

5- LokLF; ds izfr tutkrh; vkcknh dh mipkjks dh izHkko”khyrk

dk v/;;u djukA

6- LokLF; ds fy,s tutkrh; vkcknh dh dks lq>ko nsuk vkSj muds fy,

dk;Z;kstuk rS;kj djukA

7
4- v/;;u {ks= gsrq ç;ksx fof/k

'kks/kdk;Z ls lacaf/kr rF;ksa dk p;u djus ds fy, fuEu fof/k;ks dks iz;ksx esa yk;k

x;k gS A

ukSxk¡o Cykd uxj esa ,d uxjikfydk gSA tks uxjh; {ks= esa vkrk gSA

blds vUrxZr cgqr ls tutkrh; {ks= vkrs gSA eS buesa ls fofHkUUu

tutkrh; {ks=ks esa tkdj muds LokLF; ds izfr tkx:drk tkuus dk iz;kl

d:axkA

tutkrh; {ks= esa fuokfl;ksa dh l[;ka 1000 ls T;knk gS ysfdu eSa dsoy

100 loZizFke tutkrh; fuokfl;ksa dk ykWVjh i)fr ls p;u d:axkA ftldk

fooj.k izLrqr fd;k tk;sxkA

bl izdkj Li’V gS fd {ks= ls 100 fuoklh v/;;u ds fy, mi;qDRk gksxhA ftudk

p;u ykVjh dss vk/kkj ij fd;k tk;sxkA

v/;;u {ks=

dqFkukSj xkao mÙkjdk'kh ftys dh ukSxkao Cy‚d ds varxZr vkrk gS] ftldh rglhy

cM+dksV gS] dqFkukSj xkao ;equks=h /kke ds :V ij vkrk gS ;g xkao ;equk unh ds

nk,a vksj gSa] ;gka ls ;equks=h dh dqy nwjh yxHkx 30 fdyksehVj gS] xzke iapk;r

dqFkukSj varxZr nks NksVs&NksVs xkao ukdksM+k vkSj diksyk vkrs gSa] bu xkao dh nwjh

lM+d ls 2 fdyksehVj vkSj 3 fdyksehVj yxHkx gS tks fd nqxZe igkM+h ,fj;k gS]

;gka jgus okys yksxksa dks vusd leL;k,a gSa ftlesa çeq[k LoLFk leL;k,a gSa] ftlesa

dbZ ckj ns[kus dks feyrk gS fd vkneh tc rd vLirky igqaprk gS rc

8
rd

9
 mudh e`R;q jkLrs esa gks tkrh gS tks dh ,d lkspfu;k fo"k; gS] dqFkukSj
xkao ls
mÙkjdk'kh dh nwjh yxHkx 102 fdyksehVj gS] LFkkbZ jkt/kkuh nsgjknwu yxHkx 135

fdyksehVj nwj gS] bl xkao ds utnhdh cM+dksV¼uxj ikfydk½] elwjh] fodkl uxj]

vkfn flfV;ka gSa] LokLF; ls lacaf/kr vk/kqfud lqfo/kk,a dqFkukSj xkao esa ugha

gS] ftlds fy, ;gka dh tuekul dks nwj nsgjknwu] _f"kds'k tkuk iM+rk gSA

mÙkjk[k.M es eq[; :i ls lkr çdkj dh tutkfr;k¡ fuokl djrh gS

HkksfV;k] Fkk:] cujkSr] jkth] tkSulkjh] cqDlk] tkM+ rFkk gj dh nwu [kM+okyA

Hkkjr ds ekufp= esa dqek¡Å vkSj x<+oky dk {ks= cgqr cM+k ugha gSa A

5- “kks/k izjpuk

'kks/k çjpuk fdlh vuqHkfod v/;;u dks çkj;e djus ds iwoZ mldks lEiUu djus

dh lEiw.kZ çfØ;k dh iwoZ lkfpr ,oa fu;ksftr :i js[kk gSA fdlh {ks=

fo'ks"k esa uohu Kku dh [kkst ;k iqjkus Kku dk iqu% fujh{k.k vFkok nwljs rjhds ls

fo'ys"k.k dj uohu rF;ksa dk tkuuk ;g ,d fujUrj çfØ;k ftlesa rkfdZrk]

;kstukc)rk

,oa Øec)rk ik;h tkrh gSA

lhå,å ekstj ¼1961½ ds vuqlkj lkekftd ?kVukvksa ,oa leL;kvksa ds lEcU/k esa u;s

Kku dh çkfIr gsrq O;ofLFkr vUos".k dks ge 'kks/k çjpuk dgrs gSaA

ihåMhå ;ax ds vuqlkj lkekftd ,d oSKkfud ;kstuk gS vFkkZr vuqla/kku v/;;u

fdlh çdkj lEiUu fd;k tkrk gS mlds iwoZ lajpukRed :i js[kk gSA

1
0
 'kks/k izjpuk & fofHkUu 'kks/k izjpukvksa dks vuds vk/kkjks ij oxhZd`r fd;k x;k gSA
lkekU;r% vuqla/kku dk oxhZdj.k nks vk/kkjks ij fd;k tk ldrk gS A

1- v/;;u ds mís'; ds vk/kkj ij A

2- 2- v/;;u ds mikxe~ ds vk/kkj ijA

6- Lkexz ,oa fun'kZu ¼d½ voyksdu ¼[k½ lk{kkRdkj

rF; laxzg izfof/k;k¡

'kks/kdk;Z ls lacaf/kr rF;ksa dk p;u djus ds fy, fuEu fof/k;ks dks iz;ksx esa yk;k
x;k gS A
1- vuqlwph

izLrqr 'kks/k dk;Z gsrq 'kks/kkFkhZ }kjk 100 mRrjnkrkvksa dk p;u djds
okLrfod

;FkkFkZ rF; izkIr djus ds fy;s lk{kkRdkj vuqlwph dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k ftls nks

Hkkxksa esa foHkDr fd;k x;k gSA izFke Hkkx esa v/;;u bdkbZ;ksa ds O;fDrxr]

ikfjokfjd ,oa lkekftd i`"B Hkwfe ls lacaf/kr fofHkUu izofrZ;ksa tSls vk;q]

tkfr] f'k{kk] oSokfgd fLFkfr] ikfjokfjd lajpuk] lnL; la[;k] vk;&O;; ds L=ksr]

vkfn dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k tcfd f}rh; Hkkx esa v/;;u ds mn~ns';ksa dks Li"V

djusokys fofHkUu iz'uksa dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k gSA

2- losZ{k.k izLrqr v/;;u dks mn~ns';iw.kZ cukus ds fy;s losZ{k.k i)fr dks iz;ksx

esa yk;k x;k gS ftlds }kjk 'kks/kkFkhZ }kjk lk{kkRdkj vuqlwph dk iz;ksx

dj izkFkfed rF;ksa dks ladfyr fd;k x;k gSA

1
1
3-lk{kkRdkj

izLrqr 'kks/k v/;;u dks mi;ksxh cukus ds fy;s 'kks/kkFkhZ }kjk lk{kkRdkj i)fr dks

Hkh iz;ksx esa yk;k x;k gSA

4-vlgHkkxh voyksdu

izLrqr 'kks/k v/;;u esa mRrjnkrkvksa ls rF; ladyu djus ds fy;s

lk{kkRdkj vuqlwph ds lkFk&lkFk ;FkklaHko vlgHkkxh voyksdu izfof/k dks Hkh

iz;ksx esa yk;k x;k gS ftlls rF;kas dh fu"i{krk izekf.kr gks ldsA

5-{ks= Mk;jh

rF;ksa dk ladyu fdlh Hkh 'kks/k dk;Z dks mi;ksxh cukus ds fy;s rF;ksa dh Hkwfedk

egRoiw.kZ gksrh gS D;ksafd lEiw.kZ 'kks/k ;kstuk rF;ksa ij gh fuHkZj gksrh gSA

izLrqr 'kks/k dk;Z gsrq leadksa dks iz;ksx esa yk;k x;k gSA

v- izkFkfed rF;

'kks/kdrkZ izR;{k fujh{k.k }kjk tks dqN Hkh ns[krk] lqurk gS] vkSj mÙkjnkrk tks dqN

crkrk gS ;k fyf[kr :i esa ¼iz'uks ds mRrj nsuk½ tks dqN fy[kdj nsrk gS

mUgsaizkFkfed leadksa ds :i esa lEcksf/kr fd;k tkrk gS A

c- f}rh;d rF;

izLrqr v/;;u gsrq ftyk lkaf[;dh; if=dk tux.kuk fjiksVZ vkfn ls

mi;ksxh leadksa dks ,df=r djds 'kks/k dk;Z dks vf/kd mi;ksxh] lkFkZd ,oa

fo'ys"k.kkRed

:i nsus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA

1
2
 rF;ksa dk oxhZdj.k rFkk foospuk

izLrqr 'kks/k dk;Z esa 'kks/kkFkhZ }kjk lk{kkRdkj vuqlwph] voyksdu ,oa fofHkUu }Sfr;d

L=ksrksa ds ek/;e ls rF; ladfyr djds mUgsa lglEca/k iznf'kZr djus okyh

rkfydkvksa ds ek/;e ls fo'ysf"kr djus ds i'pkr izfrosnu ys[ku fd;k tk;sxkA

7- f}rh;d rF; ,df=r djusa dh fof/k

bl izkfof/k ds vUrXkZr eaS dk;Z n”kkvksa ds lEcU/k esa izdkf”kr iqLrdksa] losZ{k.k fjiksVZ

]i= vkfn dk v/;;u d:axh blesa O;fDrxr izys[k ds vUrxZr fo}kuksa]

jktusrkvksa] lkfgR;dkjksa vkfn }kjk fy[ks x;s ys[kksa dk v/;;u d:axk ftlls eq>s

'kks/k djus esalgk;rk feysxhA

fuokfl;ksa dk;Z n”kkvksa ds ckjs eaas U;qtisij vkfn foKkfir lkexzh ls Hkh

egRoiw.kZ tkudkjh izkIr djus esa lgk;rk izkIRk gksxh ,slh esa vk”kk djrh gwaA blds

vfrfjDr dqN osclkbV ls Hkh cgqr vf/kd tkudkjh izkIr gks ldsxhA

v/;;u gsrq ç;ksx fof/k

}Srh;d lzksr os gSa tks vuqlaèkku fo'ks"k ds fy, gh ugha gksrs gSa cfYd vU; O;fä ;k

laLFkkvksa }kjk ,df=r fd, gq, gksrs gSaA vuqlaèkkudrkZ bu iwoZ ladfyr rF;ksa

ls çklafxd rF;ksa dk p;u dj ysrk gS] budks }Srh;d lzksr dgk tkrk gS]

D;ksafd vè;;udrkZ }kjk budk nqckjk p;u fd;k tkrk gSA buds vUrxZr

fyf[kr iqLrdsa] çfrosnu] laLej.k] ;k=ko`ÙkkUr ,sfrgkfld çys[k vkfn vkrs gSaA

tulapkj ds ekè;eksa ls lekpkj i=] lkIrkfgd if=dkvksa dk çeq[k LFkku gksrk gSA

1
3
¼p½ izys[k izys[k ys[ku fØ;k dh Hkh 'kq#vkr ls var rd pyrk gS- lkekftd oS;fäd

lsok dk;Z djrs oä gj Hkze.k dk;Z ds ckn ftrus dk;Z vkius fd;s- mu lc ckrksa dks

fjiksVZ ds :i es fy[kdj lgst dj j[kuk pkfg,- x`g Hkze.k ds nkSjku

ifjtuksa ls ftruh ckrsa gqbZ oks lkjh Hkh fjiksVZ es fy[kuk pkfg,A

8- lkj.khdj.k rFkk rF; fo'ys"k.k O;k[;k ,oa çfrosnu

lkj.kh;u dk mís'; rF;ksa dks lqO;ofLFkr :i nsdj vuqla/kku leL;k dks

Li"V djuk gS A ,df=r lkexzh dks fdlh rkfdZd Øe esa j[kuk gh lkj.kh;u

dgykrk gSA loZ Jh lsfYVl tgknk ,oa vU; ds vuqlkj lkj.kh;u lkexzh ds

lkaf[;dh; fo'ys"k.k dh rduhdh çfØ;k dk ,d Hkkx gS A

izkIr rF;ksa dk ladsrhdj.k] lkj.kh;u ,oa fo”ys’k.k& rF;ksa ds fo”ys’k.k ds

fcuk fdlh Hkh

fo’k; ;k ?kVuk ds dk;Zdj.k lEcU/k dh O;k[;k laHko ugha gSA vkadMksa dks

laxzg djus ds i”pkr mUgsa lkj.kh;c) dj fo”ys’k.k izLrqr fd;k tk,xk A

izfrosnu rS;kj djuk & “kks/k izcU/k esa vkadMksa ds fo”ys’k.k ds vk/kkj ij izfrosnu

rS;kj fd;k tk,xkA

mRrjnkrkvksa ds ik”oZfp= & “kks/k izcU/k esa mRrjnkrkvksa ds Ik”oZ fp= dks lfEefyr

fd;k tk,xkA

1
4
 leL;k ds fuLrkj.k gsrq lq>ko ,oa laLrqfr & izLrkfor “kks/k esa “kks/kfFkZuh }kjk
leL;k ds fuLrkj.k gsrq lq>ko ,oa laLrqfr izLrqr dh tk,sxh A
9- 'kks/k v/;;u dk v/;k;hdj.k

izFke v/;k;

izLrkouk

f}rh; v/;k;

lkekftd v/;;u

r`rh; v/;k;

LokLF; tkx:drk

prqFkZ v/;k;

mRrjnkrkvksa dh eukso`fRr

iape v/;k;

LokLF; tkx:drk dh izHkko’khyrk

lUnHkZ xzUFk lwph

o dqekj ,e,e] ikBd ohds] 2021 Hkkjr esa tutkrh; vkcknh ,d lkoZtfud
LokLF; pqukSrh vkSj Hkfo"; dh jkgA

o bZ'ojIik ds-ts- ,f'k;u vQj LVMh] 2022 Hkkjr esa vkfnoklh ç'u dh

tfVyrk fo'ks"k :i ls detksj vkfnoklh lewgksa dk ekey

o fofHkUUk lLaFkkvks ,o d{kkvksa dh ikB~; iqLrd

1
5
 o fofHkUUk if=dk,a ,oa ys[k fofHkUUk lLaFkkvks dk;Z if=dk
o mRrjk[k.M vksiu ;qfuoflZVh dh ,e-,l-McY;q dh ikB~; iqLrdsaA

o nSfud f'k[kj lUns'k

o dfork ,Dlçsl

o n g‚d nsgjknwu

o fgekpy VkbEl mÙkjk[kaM

o vej mtkyk mÙkjk[kaM

eSa bl “kks/k dk;Z ds fy,s vkidh vuqefr pkgrk gawA

d`i;k eq>s bl izkstsDV ij dk;Z djus ds fy, vuqefr iznku djsaA

fo/kkFkhZ dk uke & izHkkr ukSfV;ky

ukekadu l[;ka & 22302175

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