GENERAL ANATOMY CLASSWORK

1. A new patient to the dental practice has disclosed on her medical history form that she uses a salbutamol inhaler
when necessary. Which medical condition is she most likely to be suffering from?
a) Acid reflux
b) Angina
c) Asthma
d) Diabetes
e) Hypertension

2. The human body is a complex organism whose structure and function are studied in the subjects of anatomy and
physiology. What is the correct term for a group of specialised cells which carry out a particular function within the
body?
a) Chromosome
b) Nucleus
c) Organ
d) System
e) Tissue

3. The human body has 10 systems which work together to maintain life and the continuation of the species. Which
system is composed of glands which secrete hormones?
a) Digestive
b) Endocrine
c) Immune
d) Integumentary
e) Musculoskeletal

4. The heart is a muscular pumping organ situated in the thoracic cavity. Which is the most likely blood vessel through
which the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the upper body?
a) Aorta
b) Inferior vena cava
c) Pulmonary artery
d) Pulmonary vein
e) Superior vena cava

5. Throughout the body a gaseous exchange mechanism occurs within capillary beds, where oxygen is released into the
surrounding tissues and replaced by carbon dioxide. What is the correct term for this mechanism?
a) Dialysis
b) Diastole
c) External respiration
d) Internal respiration
e) Systole

6. When completing a medical history form, patients are always asked to list all their medications so that they can receive
safe and appropriate dental care. A patient who has had a stroke (cerebrovascular accident) previously is likely to be
taking which type of medication?
a) Analgesic
b) Antibiotic
c) Anticoagulant
d) Diuretic
e) Hormone replacement
 7. A patient may suffer from one of several medical conditions affecting the respiratory system. One condition where the
alveoli are abnormally enlarged results in inadequate gaseous exchange within the lungs, and the patient often requires
supplemental oxygen. What is the correct term for this disorder?
a) Asthma
b) Bronchitis
c) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
d) Emphysema
e) Pneumonia

8. Diabetes is a medical condition of the pancreas, where reduced or non-existent amounts of insulin are produced by the
gland. Which of the following is a recognised symptom of a patient suffering from type 2 (late-onset) diabetes?
a) Lack of appetite
b) Obesity
c) Prone to infection
d) Reduced thirst
e) Reduced urine production

9. Specialised areas of tissue that are responsible for the release of various chemicals directly into the bloodstream are
called endocrine glands. Which one of the following options is classed as an endocrine gland?
a) Gallbladder
b) Pancreas
c) Parotid gland
d) Sublingual gland
e) Submandibular gland

10. A healthy diet consists of products from each of the different classes of foods. Which class includes important
components such as calcium and fluoride?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Fats
c) Minerals
d) Proteins
e) Vitamins
 End of session test – answers

1. A new patient to the dental practice has disclosed on her medical history form that she uses
a salbutamol inhaler when necessary. Which medical condition is she most likely to be
suffering from?
a) Acid reflux
b) Angina
c) Asthma
d) Diabetes
e) Hypertension
Salbutamol acts to open the respiratory airways on inhalation, during an asthma attack.

2. The human body is a complex organism whose structure and function are studied in the
subjects of anatomy and physiology. What is the correct term for a group of specialised cells
which carry out a particular function within the body?
a) Chromosome
b) Nucleus
c) Organ
d) System
e) Tissue
So, specialised cells which cover the body to prevent the entry of micro-organisms and the loss of water
from within the body is the tissue called skin, for example.

3. The human body has 10 systems which work together to maintain life and the continuation
of the species. Which system is composed of glands which secrete hormones?
a) Digestive
b) Endocrine
c) Immune
d) Integumentary
e) Musculoskeletal
The hormones are released as required by various glands to regulate and co-ordinate body
functions.

4. The heart is a muscular pumping organ situated in the thoracic cavity. Which is the most
likely blood vessel through which the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the upper
body?
a) Aorta
b) Inferior vena cava
c) Pulmonary artery
d) Pulmonary vein
e) Superior vena cava
This large vein receives deoxygenated blood from all structures above the level of the heart,
including the head and neck
5. Throughout the body a gaseous exchange mechanism occurs within capillary beds, where
oxygen is released into the surrounding tissues and replaced by carbon dioxide. What is the
correct term for this mechanism?
a) Dialysis
b) Diastole
c) External respiration
d) Internal respiration
e) Systole
The released oxygen is used by the surrounding tissues to work and carry out their functions,
producing the waste product carbon dioxide which is carried away in the bloodstream to the
lungs, where it is exhaled.

6. When completing a medical history form, patients are always asked to list all their
medications so that they can receive safe and appropriate dental care. A patient who has had a
stroke (cerebrovascular accident) previously is likely to be taking which type of medication?
a) Analgesic
b) Antibiotic
c) Anticoagulant
d) Diuretic
e) Hormone replacement
Strokes are often caused by a blood clot blocking a vessel in the brain; anticoagulants act to
prevent the blood from clotting.

7. A patient may suffer from one of several medical conditions affecting the respiratory system.
One condition where the alveoli are abnormally enlarged results in inadequate gaseous
exchange within the lungs, and the patient often requires supplemental oxygen. What is the
correct term for this disorder?
a) Asthma
b) Bronchitis
c) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
d) Emphysema
e) Pneumonia
The condition occurs due to damage caused by inhaling pollutants such as industrial fumes,
tobacco smoke or vehicle exhaust fumes.

8. Diabetes is a medical condition of the pancreas, where reduced or non-existent amounts of

insulin are produced by the gland. Which of the following is a recognised symptom of a patient
suffering from type 2 (late-onset) diabetes?
a) Lack of appetite
b) Obesity
c) Prone to infection
d) Reduced thirst
 e) Reduced urine production
The excess glucose levels that occur in diabetes impair the ability of the body cells to fight
infection, so that sufferers are more prone to chronic infections such as periodontal disease.

9. Specialised areas of tissue that are responsible for the release of various chemicals directly
into the bloodstream are called endocrine glands. Which one of the following options is classed
as an endocrine gland?
a) Gallbladder
b) Pancreas
c) Parotid gland
d) Sublingual gland
e) Submandibular gland
All the other options release their secretions through ducts and are therefore exocrine glands.

10. A healthy diet consists of products from each of the different classes of foods. Which class
includes important components such as calcium and fluoride?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Fats
c) Minerals
d) Proteins
e) Vitamins
Minerals are required in very small quantities in a healthy diet but are vital to maintain healthy
tissues, including teeth and bones.