Department Of Electrical Engineering

ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT DESIGN (LAB)

DC MOTOR SPEED CONTROLLER

Group Members

MOAZUM SHAHZAD GILL 02-133192-040

PAKEEZA NOOR 02-133192-019
SIKANDAR ALI KHAN 02-133192-017

BEE-4C

Spring 2019

Submitted to

SIR. ARSLAN ATHAR

 Table of Contents
1. Abstract .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2. Introduction ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3. Literature Review .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4. Components and Tools Description. .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5. Block Diagram/Flow Chart................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6. Methodology ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.1. ProposedModel………………………………………………………1
6.2 Circuit/ Simulation Diagram......................................................…....1
6.3 Circuit / Simulation Description……………………………………..1
7. Results and Discussions ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
8. Conclusion and Future Work ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
9. Project Summary ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
10. Project Pictures ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
11. References............................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
 1. ABSTRACT

DC motors form the backbone of many industries and as such

their speed control becomes of immense importance. It has been
found that many of these applications perform with a greater
efficiency when the motors are fed from a source of variable dc
power. In this report we analyze the separately excited dc motor
using, MATLAB for speeds above and below the rated speed
using the circuit. This Mosfet work as an Amplifier, which can
control a large amount of voltage by applying a small amount of
voltage at the Gate Terminal. This way the Mosfet will control
the DC motor speed. We can easily control a DC motor speed
using a variable resistance in series with the motor. But in this
technique have a problem, it is energy wastage. It means the
variable resistor dissipates the excess energy as heat. So, we have
to avoid this technique.

2. INTRODUCTION

In our regular work, DC motors take an important role in several

systems, like CPU fans, toy cars, Dc fans, DC drill machines, and
many more appliances which are operated via a DC power supply.
But most systems require us to adjust the speed of these motors
manually. For example, we all have seen a small DC fan, which has
a knob to control/adjust the fan speed. For that purpose we can use
this circuit.
3. COMPONENTS AND TOOLS DESCRIPTION
PROTEUS:
The Proteus Design Suite is a proprietary software tool suite used
primarily for electronic design automation. The software is used mainly
by electronic design engineers and technicians to create schematics and
electronic prints for manufacturing printed circuit boards.
We are using the following components:
 Battery
 Motor (Fan DC)
 Potentiometer
 Mosfet (IRFZ44N)

4. BLOCK / FLOW DIAGRAM:

5. METHODOLOGY
5.1. Proposed Model
DC MOTOR SPEED CONTROLLER
In this project we will use MOSFET to control the speed of a DC motor.
We will use a 100k controller with MOSFET which will control the
speed of the motor. This Mosfet work as an Amplifier.

5.2. Circuit / Simulation Diagram

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 2

FIGURE 3
 5.3. Circuit / Simulation Description:
When we will start the simulation initially we can see in
the figure 1 that potentiometer is at 50% the speed of the
motor is 170 RPM, when the potentiometer is moved to
40% the speed of the motor also decrease as seen in
figure 2. The speed of motor decreases to 50 RPM.
When the potentiometer is moved to 65% the speed of
the motor also increases as seen in figure 3, the speed of
motor increases to 540 RPM, hence we can say that we
can control the speed of motor by moving potentiometer.

6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

In the above DC motor controller design, the pot adjustment
creates a varying potential difference across the gate of the
mosfet, and the source pin of the mosfet simply follows the
value of this potential difference and adjusts the voltage across
the motor accordingly.
It implies that the source will be always 4 or 5V lagging
behind the gate voltage and vary up/down with this difference,
presenting a varying voltage between 2V and 7V across the
motor.
When the gate voltage is around 7V, the source pin will
supply the minimum 2V to the motor causing a very slow spin
on the motor, and 7V will be available across the source pin
when the pot adjustment generates the full 12V across the gate
of the mosfet. Here we can clearly see that the mosfet source
pin seems to be "following" the gate and hence the name
source follower. The above configuration helps to enforce a
smooth speed control on the motor, and the design could be
built quite cheaply.
 A BJT could be also used in place of the mosfet, and in fact a
BJT would produce a higher control range of about 1V to 12V
across the motor.

7. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

Industries are the backbone of the modern era and so it is of

utmost importance that they always run with the highest possible
efficiency. And for this reason many industrial applications
require dc voltage sources, some by force and some by choice.
However many of them perform better when they are fed from a
variable dc source as compared to fixed voltage sources. These
include battery operated vehicles, subway cars, battery charging
etc. The conversion of fixed dc voltage to variable dc can be
obtained by using semiconductor devices. Earlier this used to be
achieved by AC motors but were costly, bulky and less efficient.
This is the place where the dc motors comes into play. Being a
single stage conversion device the dc motor has altogether
heralded a new era in rapid transit systems.

This project aims to simulate and analyze a model of dc chopper

using power MOSFET and study the speed control characteristics
and the advantages and limitations of using a power MOSFET.
There are basically two kinds of techniques available for speed
control of separately excited dc motor.

 Variable armature control for below rated speed.

 Variable field flux control for above rated speed
operations.

The different methods that can be and have been used in speed

Control of dc motors are:

 Earlier armature voltage using rheostat was used to be

varied.
 Conventional kind of PID controllers can also be used.

8. PROJECT SUMMARY
In this project we will use MOSFET to control the speed of a
DC motor. We will use a 100k controller with MOSFET
which will control the speed of the motor. This Mosfet work
as an Amplifier. In the above DC motor controller design, the
pot adjustment creates a varying potential difference across
the gate of the mosfet, and the source pin of the mosfet simply
follows the value of this potential difference and adjusts the
voltage across the motor accordingly.
It implies that the source will be always 4 or 5V lagging
behind the gate voltage and vary up/down with this difference,
presenting a varying voltage between 2V and 7V across the
motor.
When the gate voltage is around 7V, the source pin will
supply the minimum 2V to the motor causing a very slow spin
on the motor, and 7V will be available across the source pin
when the pot adjustment generates the full 12V across the gate
of the mosfet. Here we can clearly see that the mosfet source
 pin seems to be "following" the gate and hence the name
source follower. The above configuration helps to enforce a
smooth speed control on the motor, and the design could be
built quite cheaply.

9. PROJECT PICTURES
 10. REFERENCES
1. https://www.homemade-circuits.com/dc-motor-speed-controller-circuits/
2. https://youtu.be/BlETSm1AJpo

Course name :
Consequences to society
Level of Interaction
Range of Resources

Course code:
Familiarity
Innovation
Preamble
Sr. Project description

1.