MȲǙǥȨǠȲǙǤȰǚ (OǝǙǤǞǟ A)

HIGHER LEVEL
MARKING SCHEME
Pre-Junior Cycle Examination 2023

*CMS5*
Part of
 HIGHER LEVEL Structure

Structure of the marking scheme

Candidate responses are marked according to different scales, depending on the types of response
anticipated. Scales labelled A divide candidate responses into two categories (correct and
incorrect), scales labelled B divide responses into three categories (correct, partially correct, and
incorrect), and so on. The scales and the marks that they generate are summarised in this table:

Scale label A B C D

No. of categories 2 3 4 5

5-mark scale 0, 5 0, 2, 5 0, 2, 3, 5 0, 2, 3, 4, 5

10-mark scale 0, 4, 10 0, 4, 7, 10 0, 3, 5, 8, 10

15-mark scale 0, 5, 10, 15 0, 4, 8, 12, 15

A general descriptor of each point on each scale is given below. More specific directions in
relation to interpreting the scales in the context of each question are given in the scheme, where
necessary.

Marking scales – level descriptors

A-scales (two categories)

x incorrect response (no credit)
x correct response (full credit)

B-scales (three categories)

x response of no substantial merit (no credit)
x partially correct response (partial credit)
x correct response (full credit)

C-scales (four categories)

x response of no substantial merit (no credit)
x response with some merit (low partial credit)
x almost correct response (high partial credit)
x correct response (full credit)

D-scales (five categories)

x response of no substantial merit (no credit)
x response with some merit (low partial credit)
x response about half-right (mid partial credit)
x almost correct response (high partial credit)
x correct response (full credit)

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 Marks Allocation HIGHER LEVEL

In certain cases, typically involving incorrect rounding, omission of units, a misreading that does
not oversimplify the work, or an arithmetical error that does not oversimplify the work, a mark
that is one mark below the full-credit mark may be awarded. This level of credit is referred to as
Full Credit –1, and these types of errors are identified with an asterisk (*). Thus, for example, in
Scale 10C, Full Credit –1 of 9 marks may be awarded.
No marks may be awarded other than those on the appropriate scale, and Full Credit –1.

Summary of mark allocations and scales to be applied

Question 1 (15) Question 6 (20) Question 10 (20)

(a) 5A (a) (i) (ii) 5C (a) 10C
(b) 5B (iii) 10D (b) 5A
(c) 5B (b) 5C (c) 5C

Question 2 (25) Question 7 (20) Question 11 (15)

(a) (i) 5B (a) (b) 10C (a) 5C
(ii) 10C (c) 5C (b) (c) 10D
(b) (i) (ii) 10D (d) 5B

Question 3 (30) Question 8 (15) Question 12 (25)

(a) (i) 5B (a) 10C (a) (i) (ii) 10D
(ii) 10D (b) 5A (iii) 5B
(iii) 5B (b) (i) (ii) 5C
(b) (i) (ii) 10D (iii) 5C

Question 4 (20) Question 9 (25) Question 13 (20)

(a) 10C (a) (i) 5B (a) (i) (ii) 10C
(b) 5B (ii) 5B (b) 5C
(c) 5B (b) (i) (ii) 10D (c) 5C
(iii) (iv) 5C

Question 5 (20)
(a) 10C
(b) 10C

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Model Solutions & Marking Notes

The model solutions for each question are not intended to be exhaustive – there may be other
correct solutions.

Where the scheme refers to “work of merit”, examples are given of the standard acceptable as
work of merit in that particular part.

In general, accept a candidate’s work in one part of a question for use in subsequent parts of the
question, unless this oversimplifies the work involved.

Q.1 Model Solution – 15 Marks Marking Notes

(a) Cup A Scale 5A (0, 5)
x Hit or miss

(b) 1 1 Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)

Remaining milk = 1 െ െ
4 6 Accept correct answer with no work
shown for full marks.
Make all denominators 12: Partial Credit
ଵ ଵ
x Work of merit (e.g. adding ସ and ଺,
12 3 2
Remaining milk = െ െ subtracting either fraction from 1)
12 12 12

7
=
12

(c) Cup A : Cup B Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)

1 1 Partial Credit
‫׷‬ (multiply both sides by 12)
4 6 x Ratio set-up correctly with fractions
and not simplified.
3 ‫ ׷‬2 x 2:3

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Q.2 Model Solution – 25 Marks Marking Notes

(a) (i) Median Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)
Reason: It is the middle value, so tells us Partial Credit
that half of the class got below 68% and x Correct answer but no reason or
half of the class got above 68% incorrect reason given.
x Correct reason but wrong average
stated
(ii) Total for 20 students = 20 × 72% Scale 10C (0, 4, 7, 10)
= 1440 Low Partial Credit
x Work of merit (e.g. starts to
1440 + 48 multiply 20 by 72%)
Mean for 21 =
21 High Partial Credit
ଵସ଼଼
x Gets to and stops or continues
1488 ଶଵ
= incorrectly.
21
x Correct work using the wrong
average
= 70 · 857 …
Full credit -1
x Answer not rounded
= 70 · 9%
x % symbol omitted

(b) (i) Increase = 28 · 44% of €1 · 09 Scale 10D (0, 3, 5, 8, 10)

= 0 · 309996 Low Partial Credit
= €0 · 31 x Work of merit in either part (e.g.
find increase in (i))
2015 price = €1 · 09 + €0 · 31 Mid Partial Credit
= €1 · 40 x Work of merit in both parts
High Partial Credit
(ii) % increase from 2000 to 2010: x One part fully correct and work of
1 · 09 െ 0 · 95 merit in the other part
= × 100 = 14 · 74% Full credit -1
0 · 95
x Answer not rounded
% increase from 2010 to 2020: x No conclusion given in part (ii)
1 · 31 െ 1 · 09
= × 100 = 20 · 18%
1 · 09

% increase from 2000 to 2020:

1 · 31 െ 0 · 95
= × 100 = 37 · 89%
0 · 95

14 · 74% + 20 · 18% ് 37 · 89%

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Q.3 Model Solution – 30 Marks Marking Notes

(a) (i) Radius of hemispherical parts is 3·5mm Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)
Partial Credit
Height of cylinder = 28 – 3·5 – 3·5 x Correct answer but no reason or
= 21 mm incorrect reason given.
(ii) Volume of cylinder = ߨ‫ ݎ‬ଶ ݄ Scale 10D (0, 3, 5, 8, 10)
= ߨ(3 · 5)ଶ (21) Low Partial Credit
= 808 · 17 x Any correct substitution into one of
the formulae
Volume of 2 hemispheres Mid Partial Credit
4 x Fully correct substitution into one
= ߨ‫ ݎ‬ଷ
3 of the formulae
4 x Some correct substitution into both
= ߨ(3 · 5)ଷ
3 formulae
= 179 · 59 High Partial Credit
x One volume found
Total volume = 808 · 17 + 179 · 59 Full marks -1
= 987 · 76 x Answer not rounded
= 988 mmଷ x Units incorrect or omitted
(iii) 80% of 988 = 790·4 mm3 Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)
Accept correct work using incorrect
Total volume = 790·4 × 20 000 answer from part (ii)
= 15 808 000 mm3 Partial Credit
= 1 · 5808 × 10଻ mmଷ x Work of merit (e.g. finds 80% of
one capsule)

(b) (i) 45 – 195 minutes Scale 10D (0, 3, 5, 8, 10)

Note: Not necessary to find all
Allow +/- 2 minutes differences for full marks.
Low Partial Credit
x Line drawn across from 7 on the
(ii) Values: 1, 5·5, 8·5, 9·4, 9·6, 9·5, 8·3, 6, 3 graph, but no answers given in (i)
x First differences found
1st diff: 4·5, 3, 0·9, 0·2, -0·1, -1·2, -2·3, -3
Mid Partial Credit
2nd diff: -1·5, -2·1, -0·7, -0·3, -1·1, -1·1, -0·7 x Part (i) correct
High Partial Credit
2nd difference not constant. x Part (i) correct and second
Therefore, not quadratic. differences found in (ii), but no
conclusion given

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Q.4 Model Solution – 20 Marks Marking Notes

(a) Number on disc Scale 10C (0, 4, 7, 10)
Take the solution as having 8 entries
2 3 4 Low Partial Credit
x Two entries correct
ܺ 1 2 3 High Partial Credit
Letter on card

x Four entries correct

Y 2 3 4

Z 3 4 5

(b) 4 Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)

ܲ(even) =
9 Accept correct answer based on
candidate’s incorrect table in part (a)
Partial Credit
x Numerator or denominator correct

(c) 1 Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)

ܲ(odd) =
3 Partial Credit
x Numerator or denominator correct

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Q.5 Model Solution – 20 Marks Marking Notes

(a) 7‫ = ݔ‬5‫ ݔ‬+ 40° Scale 10C (0, 4, 7, 10)
7‫ ݔ‬െ 5‫ = ݔ‬40° Low Partial Credit
2‫ = ݔ‬40° x One equation setup correctly
‫ = ݔ‬20° High Partial Credit
x Value for ‫ ݔ‬found
‫ = ݕ‬5‫ ݔ‬+ 40°
‫ = ݕ‬5(20°) + 40°
‫ = ݕ‬100° + 40°
‫ = ݕ‬140°

(b) Scale 10C (0, 4, 7, 10)

Worthless
x Dividing the line by measurement
x No construction lines shown
Low Partial Credit
x One correct step made
High Partial Credit
x Arm and two arcs drawn
x One division made correctly

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Q.6 Model Solution – 20 Marks Marking Notes

(a) (i) 3‫ ݔ‬+ 8‫ = ݕ‬350 Scale 5C (0, 2, 3, 5)
5‫ ݔ‬+ 11‫ = ݕ‬518 Low Partial Credit
x One equation correct
(ii) ‫ ݔ‬and ‫ ݕ‬are representing the selling price x (ii) correct
of a product. A selling price would always High Partial Credit
be a positive value. x Both equations correct
x One equation correct and (ii)
correct

(iii) 3‫ ݔ‬+ 8‫ = ݕ‬350 (× 5) Scale 10D (0, 3, 5, 8, 10)

5‫ ݔ‬+ 11‫ = ݕ‬518 (× െ3) Low Partial Credit
15‫ ݔ‬+ 40‫ = ݕ‬1750 x Multiplying one equation by an
െ15‫ ݔ‬െ 33‫ = ݕ‬െ1554 appropriate value
7‫ = ݕ‬196 Mid Partial Credit
‫ = ݕ‬28 x One variable eliminated
High Partial Credit
Find ‫ݔ‬: 3‫ ݔ‬+ 8(28) = 350 x One value found correctly
3‫ ݔ‬+ 224 = 350
3‫ = ݔ‬126
‫ = ݔ‬42

Price of ring = €42

Price of chain = €28

(b) ‫(ܲ = ܨ‬1 + ݅)௧ Scale 5C (0, 2, 3, 5)

Low Partial Credit
‫ = ܨ‬2000(1 + 0 · 09)ହ x Any correct substitution into
correct formula
‫ = ܨ‬2000(1 · 09)ହ x Finds 9% of €2000
High Partial Credit
‫ = ܨ‬€3 077 · 25 x Fully correct substitution into
formula
x Finds value of gold after 2 years

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Q.7 Model Solution – 20 Marks Marking Notes

(a) Area = length × width Scale 10C (0, 4, 7, 10)
Area = 6 × ‫ݔ‬ Low partial credit
‫ = ܴܶܲܣ‬6‫ݔ‬ x Work of merit (e.g. correct length
and width stated in either part)
(b) Area = length × width High partial credit
Area = (6 + ‫ × )ݔ‬4 x Part (a) or (b) fully correct
ܶܳ‫ = ܦܥ‬24 + 4‫ݔ‬

(c) ܶܳ‫ = ܦܥ‬2(‫)ܴܶܲܣ‬ Scale 5C (0, 2, 3, 5)

24 + 4‫ = ݔ‬2(6‫)ݔ‬ Accept correct work here using incorrect
24 + 4‫ = ݔ‬12‫ݔ‬ values from parts (a) and (b)
24 = 8‫ݔ‬ Low Partial Credit
3=‫ݔ‬ x Equation setup correctly
High Partial Credit
x Solved with one error

(d) Length of ‫ = ܦܥܤܣ‬6 + 3 = 9 cm Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)

Width of ‫ = ܦܥܤܣ‬4 + 3 = 7 cm Partial Credit
x Work of merit (e.g. correct length
Area of ‫ = ܦܥܤܣ‬9 × 7 and width stated)
= 63 cm2

Q.8 Model Solution – 15 Marks Marking Notes

(a) Statement Reason Scale 10C (0, 4, 7, 10)
Take solution as being 4 entries
|‫|ܧܥ| = |ܥܣ‬ Both given as 6 cm
Low Partial Credit
|‫|ܦܥܧס| = |ܤܥܣס‬ Vertically opposite x One entry correct
High Partial Credit
|‫|ܥܧܦס| = |ܥܣܤס‬ Alternate angles
x Three entries correct
Therefore, triangles ‫ܥܤܣ‬ A.S.A.
and ‫ ܦܥܧ‬are congruent.

(b) Similar Scale 5A (0, 5)

x Hit or miss

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Q.9 Model Solution – 25 Marks Marking Notes

(a) (i) ܲ = (2, 3) Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)
ܳ = (4, െ3) Partial Credit
x One point fully correct
x ‫ ݔ‬and ‫ ݕ‬coordinates reversed in both
points.

(ii) Negative Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)

Partial Credit
Reason: x Correct answer with no reason or
Reading from left to right, the line [ܲܳ] incorrect reason given
is going downwards. x Correct reason with incorrect answer
selected
(b) (i) 2‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݕ‬+ 5 = 0 Scale 10D (0, 3, 5, 8, 10)
2‫ ݔ‬+ 5 = ‫ݕ‬ Low Partial Credit
x Equation of ݈ rearranged
Slope = 2 x States slope of [‫ = ]ܤܣ‬slope of ݈
Mid Partial Credit
(ii) Slope of [‫ = ]ܤܣ‬2 x Finds slope of ݈
3 െ (െ3) x Slope of ݈ not found but otherwise
=2 correct substitution into slope
݇ െ (െ1)
formula in (ii)
3+3
=2 High Partial Credit
݇+1
6 = 2(݇ + 1) x Correct equation formed but fails to
6 = 2݇ + 2 solve correctly
4 = 2݇
2=݇
(iii) ‫ܣ‬ᇱ = (െ1, 3) Scale 5C (0, 2, 3, 5)
Low Partial Credit
(iv) Substitute (െ1, 3) into 2‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݕ‬+ 5 = 0 x Part (iii) correct
High Partial Credit
2(െ1) െ (3) + 5 = 0 x Correct coordinates substituted into
equation but no conclusion
െ2 െ 3 + 5 = 0
x Incorrect coordinates found for ‫’ܣ‬,
0=0 but completed (iv) correctly
Therefore, the point is on ݈.

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Q.10 Model Solution – 20 Marks Marking Notes

(a) Scale 10C (0, 4, 7, 10)
Take solution as being 8 entries
Low Partial Credit
x Two entries correct
High Partial Credit
x Five entries correct

(b) Any of: Scale 5A (0, 5)

‫)ܥ ׫ ܤ(\ܣ‬ ‫ܥתܤתܣ‬ ‫ܥתܤ‬ x Hit or miss
(‫ܣ\)ܥ ת ܤ‬ (‫)ܥ ׫ ܤ ׫ ܣ‬ᇱ

(c) Statement True False Correction Scale 5C (0, 2, 3, 5)

Take solution as being 8 entries
‫ॼ = ܥ׫ܤ‬ 9 Low Partial Credit
x Two entries correct
ܾ‫ܥא‬ 9 ܾ ‫ ܥ ב‬or
ܾ ‫ ܣ א‬or
High Partial Credit
ܾ‫ܤא‬ x Five entries correct

‫ܥתܣ‬ 9 ‫ܥתܣ‬
= {ܽ, ܿ, ݁, ݂} = {ܽ, ܿ, ݁}

Cᇱ = B 9

#(B\A) = 2 9 #(B\A) = 3

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Q.11 Model Solution – 15 Marks Marking Notes

(a) ߨ(12)(7) Scale 5C (0, 2, 3, 5)
Area of an ellipse =
4 Low Partial Credit
x Any correct substitution into
2
Area of an ellipse = 21ߨ cm formula
High Partial Credit
x Fully correct substitution into
formula
Full credit -1
x Not left in terms of ʋ
x Units incorrect or omitted.

(b) ߨ݈݄ Scale 10D (0, 3, 5, 8, 10)

Area =
4 Low Partial Credit
x Any correct step in rearranging
4(Area) = ߨ݈݄ Mid Partial Credit
x Formula correctly rearranged
4(Area)
=݈ High Partial Credit
ߨ݄
x Incorrect formula or formula not
rearranged at all, but correct
(c) 4(Area)
݈= substitution and continues to end
ߨ݄ correctly
x Fully correct substitution into
4(ͳͷɎ) correct formula but fails to
݈=
ߨ(6) evaluate
Full credit -1
݈ = 10 cm x Units incorrect or omitted.

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Q.12 Model Solution – 25 Marks Marking Notes

(a) (i) Area = Length × width Scale 10D (0, 3, 5, 8, 10)
= 1·2 ×0·6 Low Partial Credit
= 0 · 72 m2 x Work of merit in (i) or (ii)
Mid Partial Credit
(ii) Number of panels = 30 × 50 x Part (i) correct
= 1500 High Partial Credit
x Part (i) correct and work of merit in
Total surface area = 1500 × 0 · 72 (ii)
= 1080 m2 x Incorrect answer to (i) but correct
work shown in (ii)
Full credit -1
x Deduct once for units incorrect or
omitted in either or both parts

(iii) Total power = 1080 × 200 Scale 5B (0, 2, 5)

= 216 000 W Accept correct work here using incorrect
= 216 kW answer found in (ii)
Partial Credit
x Indicates to multiply the values but
stops or continues incorrectly
Full credit -1
x Answer not in kW
x Units incorrect or omitted

(b) (i) |‫ = |ܥܤ‬60 – 10 – 10 Scale 5C (0, 2, 3, 5)

= 40 cm Low Partial Credit
x
(i) correct
(ii) 40ଶ = 33ଶ + ‫ ݔ‬ଶ x
Pythagoras setup with some correct
substitution
1600 = 1089 + ‫ ݔ‬ଶ
High Partial Credit
511 = ‫ ݔ‬ଶ
22 · 6 = ‫ݔ‬ x (ii) fully correct using an incorrect
answer in part (i)
x Part (i) correct and work of merit in
Height ܳ‫ = ܥ‬35 + 22·6 (ii)
= 57·6 cm Full credit -1
x Answer in (ii) not rounded

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(iii) Adj Scale 5C (0, 2, 3, 5)

cos ߠ =
Hyp Accept correct workings using incorrect
33 value found in part (i)
cos ߠ =
40 Low Partial Credit
33
ߠ = cosିଵ ൬ ൰ x Correct formula identified
40
High Partial Credit
ߠ = 34 · ͶǏ
x Formula fully correctly substituted
Full credit -1
dŚŝƐŝƐďĞƚǁĞĞŶϯϰȗĂŶĚϯϱȗ͕ƐŽŝƚŝƐŝŶ
the correct position. x No conclusion given

Q.13 Model Solution – 20 Marks Marking Notes

(a) (i) 4ܽଶ െ 12ܾܽ Scale 10C (0, 4, 7, 10)
4ܽ(ܽ െ 3ܾ) Low Partial Credit
x Any correct factorising
(ii) 9‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 25‫ ݕ‬ଶ x Recognises one term in (ii) as a
square
(3‫ ݔ‬+ 5‫()ݕ‬3‫ ݔ‬െ 5‫)ݕ‬
High Partial Credit
x One part fully correctly factorised
x Recognises both terms in (ii) as their
squares but fails to factorise

(b) 3‫ ݔ‬െ 5 ൑ 4 Scale 5C (0, 2, 3, 5)

3‫ ݔ‬൑ 4 + 5 Low Partial Credit
3‫ ݔ‬൑ 9 x Any correct step
‫ݔ‬൑3 High Partial Credit
x Correct solution but answers not
Possible answers: 1, 2, 3 listed

(c) ‫݌‬ 3 Scale 5C (0, 2, 3, 5)

െ
5 2‫ ݌‬+ 7 Low Partial Credit
‫(݌‬2‫ ݌‬+ 7) െ 3(5) x Any correct step
5(2‫ ݌‬+ 7) High Partial Credit
௣(ଶ௣ା଻)ିଷ(ହ)
x ହ(ଶ௣ା଻)
or similar
2‫݌‬ଶ + 7‫ ݌‬െ 15
10‫ ݌‬+ 35

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