Chemistry Alevel notes by Chessmore

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,; - ---- - - --- -- -----·· - -···-

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6032 /3

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C [t,O x tQ - 1' 1 , •

· ._h.. o (1J x 10 - 1
• Js

.('1,J r.us, ~ : t· 1cc~- -- - - - 4---m, 9.11x10- 31 kg

"1p - 1.67 X 10- 27 kg -


I

1 R -= 8.J I JK- 1 mo1 - 1


-
- ..: A" ~ dro Cd b Utnl NA =c.. 6.02 x 10 23 mol- 1

~ :: !lo lr.r.rrumn ~on , 1.4n r ' k=-- 1.38 x. 10- 23 JK- 1

G =- 6.67 x 10- 11 Nm 2 kg- 2

-•"Odc.r . : Ua.:l of froe foll g = 9.81 ms- 2

• I
J
.FORMULAJ~
wtiformly nccclcn1ted motion s - ut + 1/2al 2

v 2 = u 2 + 2a\'

W= p l!V
work done on/b y u gus
¢ = - Gm/ r
gravi tation al potential
p = pgh
hydr osmt ic pressw·e
1 Nm z
p =-3 -< c >
press ure of an ideal gas V

simp le hwm onic moti on


a =-w 2 x

v = V0 cos wt
veloc ity of particle in s.h.m.
v = ±w✓ (xJ - x )
2

Atten uatio n ofx- rays


F _ fsV
Dopp ler effec t Jo - ;.;;-
- s

V=_ Q_
elect ric potential 411'Eo r

capa citor s in series 1/C = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + . ..

capa citor s in parallel


1
energ y of charg ed capa citor W= 2-QV

electric cwre nt l = Anvq

resistors in serie s R=R1 +R 2 + ...

resis tors in paral lel 1/R = 1/R1 + l/R 2 + ...


Bl
Hall volta ge VH = -ntq

alternating cun-ent/voltage X = X0 sinw t

raclioactive decay
x = X 0 exp(-..lt)

l = o.<>9:i
decay constant t,
2

6032/J N2022
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;\11SWt'f

Stair two conditiun:-i under which tht: fo!Jowing cq11ulion:-, of motion


( u)
m'C :ipplicabk:

vi = ·u"· + 2as
l
s = ut + - al 2
2

(il) Fig. 1.1 shows a ball of mass, 50 g, thrown horizonta1ly with a speed
of 5 mis. The ball fo lls t.lu-o ugh a vertical hcighl u[ l.8 m before
bouncing off the ground.

Ar,.---➔ 5 m/s

1.8 Ill - . C.

0.8 m
round

Fig. 1.1

Assume air resistance is negligible.

1. State the magnitude of the horizontal component of its velocity.

2. Show that the vertical component of the velocity at point B is


5.9 mis.

3. Calculate the vertical component of the velocity of the baJl as it


leaves the ground at point B.

(iii) The ball is in contact with the ground for a time of 0.15 s.

Calculate the

I. change in momenrum,
2. averngc force exerted by the ground on the ball due to this
momentum change. fl 1l
5
(b) (i) Ex.plain whul is mermt by moment of a.force.

(ii) li'ig. L.2 shows a 5 kg mass hung from the end B of a uniform bar
AB of mass 2 kg. The bar is hinged to a wall at A and held
horizontally by a wire BC.
wall- -

, ., .- c
/ ~

~ /
~✓-

~
~
/
1/
/
~ t.============-.; . .-_-_-_-_-_-_.--_
: ,_ -_-_-_-_-_ ____.,---1

;;, ~
·Z-\' \ ) I
5 kg
Fig.1.2

1. State two conditions for equilibriwn.


2. Find the tension in the wire.
[6]

(c) (i) State Newton's law ofgravitation.

(ii) Explain one everyday application of the gravitational forc e of


attraction.
[3]

6032/3 N2022

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8

(a) (i) Sketch the electric field pattern around an isolated positively
charged sphere.

(ii) Show on the sketch points that are at the same potential.

(iii) Explain why there is no work done by a charge moving between


points that are at the same potential.

(iv) Fig. 3.1 shows a sphere moved towards an earthed metal plate and the plate
became negatively charged.

++ +
plate + .+
+ '+
+ ---~
+
sphere

Fig. 3.1

Suggest how the negative charge on the plate arises. [61


(b) Fig. 3.2 shows a circuit where switch A is initially closed and switch Bis open.

I
A

-~{~l
. ,£~
·1 - \
r µt
6V:
J5µi,
J
I \
I

T
Fig. 3.2

When the 3 µF capacitor is fully charged, switch A is opened and switch B


is closed.

J -
( VI -Iif'
6032/J N201-i
J ·-
-
) '
9
(i) Calculate the

1. final potential difference across the combination when switch B is


closed,

2. final energy stored by the capacitors.

(ii) Account for the difference in the initial and final values of the energy
stored, given that the initial energy stored by the 3 µ.F capacitor when fully
charged is 5.4 x 10-s J.
[7]

(c) Fig. 3.3 shows a horse shoe magnet placed on a top pan balance. A 3.2 cm
wire is fixed horizontally between the poles of the magnet.

wire

6 s

Fig. 3.3

When there is no current flowing, the balance reads 119.46 g and when a 2 A
current flows, the balance reads 119.72 g.

(i) Explain why the readings on the balance differ.

(ii) Determine the direction of the current.

(iii) Calculate the magnetic field strength between the magnet's poles.

6032/3 N2022

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10

(iii) Describe what happens to the wire when a direct current is applied
· to the wire and the wire is not fixed.

(iv) Suggest how periodic force can be produced onto the pan-balance.
[7]

6032/3 N2022
9

(a) (i) Define capacitance.


ential difference, V.
(Ii) A capacitor has a charge, Q, and a pot
stored by the capacitor is
Show, with the aid of a diagram, that tho energy, W. .
given by the fonnula:
I
W •-Q V [4]
2

(b) Fig. 5.1 shows an electric circuit

6V

2µF .

Fig. 5.1

Detennine the
acitor.
(i) potential difference across each cap

(iJ') total charge stored.

(iii) energy stored in tho 1 µF capacitor. [6]

ors in industry. [2]


(c) Gi~e any two applications of capacit

9111/SJ2016
8

4 (a) Define electric field stren$lh. [1]


(b) (i) Sketch electric field lines of a unit negative charge.

(lt) Mark on the sketch in (f) any two points A and B at the same potential.

[2]

(c) Fig. 4.l shows two small charged spheres, X and Y that arc 1.0 m apart in air.

X y
A• ].m
0

Fig. 4.1

Find the electric field strength, at.point A, due to X and Y canying charges of
1.0 x 1o~c and -1.0 x 10'1 C respectively. [SJ

sroR

-m11,no16

Nw

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