Arithmetics

Subtracting/Adding Fractions
eg: 7 5
15 12
• Turn fraction into improper if it is a mixed number.
• Find LCM and multiply. 7 4 5 5 = 28 25 = 3 = 1
• Subtract/Add and Simplify. 15 4 12 5 60 60 60 20

Multiplying Fractions
2 ╳ 3 = 2 ╳ 3 = 1
• Cross simplify if possible. 15 8 15 8 120
• Multiply the numerator with numerator and denominator with denominator.
• Simplify final answer if possible.

Dividing Fractions
2 ÷ 3 = 2 ╳
7 = 14
• Multiply the first fraction by the reciprocal of the second fraction. 5 7 5 3 15

Decimal to Fractions
0.705 = 705 = 141
• Write the digits after the decimal point(DP) as numerator. 1000 200
3 digits = 3 zeros
• Put 1 as the denominator.
• Count the number of digits after the DP and put that many 0s to the denominator.
• Simplify final answer if possible.
2.705 = 2 705 = 2 141
If the digit before dp is not 0
1000 200
• Put the number before the dp as a whole number

0.875
Fractions to Decimal 7 = 8 70 = 0.875
8 64
60
56
• Divide the numerator by the denominator 40
40
0

Multiplying Decimals

• Remove the decimal points and multiply the number 0.05 1.04 = 104 = 0.0520
╳

• The sum of the number of DP in the two decimal numbers 2dp+2dp=4dp 5

will be the number of DP in the final answer 4dp for final
answer
520

Dividing Decimals

• Multiply both decimal numbers by 10/100/1000/.......so that 3.14 ÷ 0.5 = 3.14 100 = 314 =6.28
╳

the top number becomes a whole number 0.5 100 50

╳

Relative sizes

• Write all number with denominator 100 1 , 0.52 , 11 , 0.51 (ascending order)
• Simplify possible fractions. 2 20 1 , 0.51 , 0.52 , 11
• Then arrange the numbers in ascending/descending order. 2 20
50 , 52 , 55 , 51
• write the original number when writing the final answer.
100 100 100 100

50 , 51 , 52 , 55
100 100 100 100
 Multiplying single numbers in index form

• Find the value of all of the numbers seperately. 22 33 = 2 2

╳ ╳ ╳
3 3 3 = 4 27 = 108
╳ ╳ ╳

• Multiply and get the answer .

Writing single numbers in index form

• Can be written in index form only if it is 32 23 = Not Possible

╳

the same number.

Multiplication
• Add the indexes of the numbers and write the 52 54 = 56
╳

answer as an index to the number.

Division
• Substract the indexes of the numbers and write 54 ÷ 52 = 52
the answer as an index to the number.

Zero and negative indices

• Negative sign infront of an index means “the reciprocal of”

therefore. A-b = 1
A b
3-1 = 1
3 () 1 -1 = 2 = 2
2 1

Standard form

• Write the number as a number between 1 to 10. 3840 = 3.84 103╳

• Decide what power of ten needs to be multiplied

to get the number back to it original size. 0.0025 = 2.5 10-3
╳

Decimal places

• When correcting to a decimal place

eg:2 dp 0.07822 (2dp) = 0.08
• We look at the 3rd dp
• If the 3rd dp is higher than 5/=5 then add 1 to
the 2nd dp and write the number
• If the 3rd dp is lower than 5 then keep the 2nd dp
the same and write the number

Significant figures
0.07025 = 7.025 10-2 ╳

• Change the number into standard form 1sts.f

• The 1st number will be the first significant figure 2nds.f

3rds.f
4ths.f
• So on