PROJECT BASED LEARNING

FORMULATION AND PREPARATION OF HERBAL SUNSCREEN

CREAM

SCHOOL OF PHARMACY
B. PHARM IV SEMESTER

Submitted by:

Mr. Ashwani Gupta Ms. Mantasha Parveen Mr. Jay Chaurasiya

BPYN1PY22084 BPYN1PY22046 BPYN1PY22055

Supervised by:

Mr. Shivam Tayal

Associate Professor
Department of Pharmaceutics
 Declaration
I hereby declare that the work described in this project entitled “Formulation
and preparation of herbal sunscreen cream” carried out by me under the
esteemed guidance and supervision of Mr. Shivam Tayal, Associate Professor,
School of Pharmacy, ITM University, Gwalior. This project work is original
and has not been submitted to any other university or institution earlier.

Ashwani Gupta Mantasha Parveen Jay Chaurasiya

BPYN1PY22084 BPYN1PY22046 BPYN1PY22055
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the work titled “Formulation and
preparation of herbal sunscreen cream” submitted as Project
Based Learning by Ashwani Gupta, Mantasha Parveen and Jay
Chaurasiya of B.Pharm IV semester, carried out under my
supervision.

Dr. M. Alagusundaram, Mr. Nem Kumar Jain, Mr. Shivam Tayal,

Dean, School of Pharmacy HOD Incharge, School of Pharmacy Associate Professor and Supervisor,
School of Pharmacy
 CONTENT
Sr no. Title Page no.
1 Introduction 1
2 Selection of herbal ingredients 2
3 Objective of the project 3
4 Requirements 4
5 Procedure 5
6 Formulation 6
7 Preparation 7
8 Ingredients and their Role 8
9 Conclusion 9
10 Reference 9
 1. INTRODUCTION:

Sunscreen creams are essential for protecting the skin from the harmful
effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Prolonged exposure to UV radiation
can lead to sunburn, premature ageing, and an increased risk of skin
cancer. Traditional sunscreen formulations often contain synthetic
chemicals, which may have adverse effects on both human health and the
environment. In response to this, there has been a growing interest in the
development of herbal sunscreen creams, utilising natural ingredients
known for their sun-protective properties. This project aims to formulate a
herbal sunscreen cream incorporating cucumber, tomato, and aloe vera,
each chosen for their unique skin-nourishing and sun-protective qualities.

2. SELECTION OF HERBAL INGREDIENTS:

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Cucumber: Cucumber is rich in antioxidants and contains high levels of
water, making it hydrating and soothing for the skin. It also possesses
natural cooling properties, which can help alleviate sunburn and reduce
skin inflammation caused by UV exposure.
Tomato: Tomatoes are packed with lycopene, a powerful antioxidant that
helps protect the skin from UV damage. Lycopene has been shown to
neutralise free radicals generated by UV radiation, thereby reducing
oxidative stress and preventing sunburn and skin ageing.
Aloe Vera: Aloe Vera is renowned for its healing and moisturising
properties. It contains compounds such as polysaccharides, vitamins, and
minerals, which promote skin regeneration and soothe sun-exposed skin.
Aloe vera also forms a protective barrier on the skin, locking in moisture
and enhancing the skin's natural defences against UV radiation.

3. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT:

The primary objective of this project is to develop an herbal sunscreen

cream formulation that harnesses the sun-protective properties of
cucumber, tomato, and aloe vera. Specific goals include:
● Identifying and selecting high-quality cucumber, tomato, and aloe
vera extracts or juices for incorporation into the sunscreen cream
formulation.

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 ● Optimising the formulation to ensure effective dispersion and
stability of the herbal ingredients while maintaining the desired
texture and sensory attributes of the cream.
● Evaluating the SPF (Sun Protection Factor) and broad-spectrum
protection of the herbal sunscreen cream through in vitro and in vivo
testing methods.
● Assessing the moisturising, soothing, and antioxidant effects of the
formulated cream on sun-exposed skin.
● Conducting compatibility and safety assessments to ensure the
product is suitable for various skin types and free from potential
irritants or allergens.

4. REQUIREMENTS:

Chemicals
Extract of Cucumis sativus, Extract of Solanum, Extract of Aloe
barbadense, Cetostearyl alcohol, Stearic acid, PEG-200, Cetyl alcohol,
Methyl paraben, Propyl paraben, Carbopol 940, Disodium EDTA,
Triethanolamine, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Isopropyl, Distilled Water
Apparatus
Weighing balance, Hot air oven, Hot water bath, Heating plate, Rotatory
evaporator, Mechanical Stirrer
Glassware’s
Beaker, Glass rod, Spatula, Measuring cylinder, Mortar & pestle

3
 5. PROCEDURE:

Extraction: We have chosen 3 plants for the preparation of this

sunscreen cream. Various extraction methods were employed, as
detailed below:
4
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) Extraction:
Cucumber extract is obtained by macerating crushed fruit in a hydro-
alcoholic mixture, followed by filtration and concentration using a
rotary evaporator.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Extraction:

The extract is derived by crushing tomatoes to produce crude tomato
juice, which is then separated into serum and pulp. The tomato pulp
undergoes extraction with ethyl acetate. The final product is obtained
after solvent removal through evaporation using a water bath at 40-
60°C.
Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis) Extraction:
Homogenize 400 g of gel (equivalent to 2.5 g dry matter) in a Waring
blender. Dilute the homogenized gel with an
equal volume of PBS and homogenize again.
Refrigerate the extract at 4°C overnight. Filter
the extract through cloth. Store the clear filtrate
at 20°C.

6. FORMULATION:

Sr no. INGREDIENTS QUANTITIES (5gm)

1 Extract of Cucumis sativus 5

2 Extract of Solanum lycopersion 5

3 Extract of Aloe barbadensis 5

4 Cetostearyl alcohol 5

5
5 Stearic acid 2

6 PEG-200 2

7 Cetyl alcohol 1

8 Methyl paraben 0.3

9 Propyl paraben 0.06

10 Carbopol 940 0.5

11 Disodium EDTA 0.5

12 Triethanolamine 0.5

7. PREPARATION:

Compared to lotions or other dosage forms, creams are more efficient due to
their good stability, spreadability, occlusivity, penetration power, and cost-
effectiveness. Their long contact time and the ability to solubilize hydrophobic
active drugs in the oil phase make cream dosage forms a preferred choice for
manufacturers. Cream formulations with varying phytochemical compositions
were developed, with all studied concentrations falling within the legislated
range.
Step I: Aqueous Phase Preparation:
Disodium EDTA, Sodium Methyl Paraben, and Triethanolamine were
accurately weighed and dissolved in Deionized Water.
Carbopol was added to swell using a homogenizer and heated up to 80°C.
Step II: Oil Phase Preparation:

6
Sodium Propyl Paraben, Stearic Acid, Cetyl Alcohol, Polyethylene Glycol,
Cetostearyl Alcohol, and accurately weighed quantities of Cucumber (Cucumis
sativus), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis)
were mixed and heated to 80°C.
Step III: Mixing Phase:
The oil phase was added to the aqueous phase at 80°C with continuous stirring
for 20-25 minutes.
The mixture was homogenized until a uniform emulsion formed.
The emulsion was then poured into a wide-mouth container and stored at a
temperature not exceeding 37°C.

8. INGREDIENTS AND THEIR ROLE:

Sr no. INGREDIENTS ROLE

1 Extract of Cucumis sativus UV protector

2 Extract of Solanum lycopersion UV protector

3 Extract of Aloe barbadensis UV protector

4 Cetostearyl alcohol Emulsion stabilizer/ Surfactant

5 Stearic acid Thickener

6 PEG-200 Emollients

7 Cetyl alcohol Thickener agent

7
8 Methyl paraben Preservative

9 Propyl paraben Preservative

10 Carbopol 940 To provide high viscosity to

formulation

11 Disodium EDTA Chelating agent

12 Triethanolamine Reduce the acidity or alkalinity

9. CONCLUSION:
This research combines the sun protective properties of Solanum lycopersicum,
the antioxidant and photoprotective qualities of Aloe barbadensis, and the
moisturizing and cooling effects of Cucumis sativus to create an all-in-one
sunscreen product. Formulation shows promising results but has limitations due
to time, financial constraints, and resource availability. Invivo studies are
needed. Increasing awareness about sunscreen use is crucial for sun protection.

10. REFERENCE:

[1] Pandey P., Sharma A., Sharma H., Vyas G., Sharma M., (2023). Novel
Researched Herbal Sunscreen Cream SPF Determination by InVitro Model.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 11(2): 83-90.
[2] Roy A., Sahu R., (2014). Formulation and Development of Herbal
Sunscreen Cream. Formulation and Development of Herbal Sunscreen Cream,
5(1): 12-14.

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[3] Tiwari R., Singh I., Gupta M., Pratap L., Tiwari G., (2022). Formulation and
evaluation of herbal sunscreens: an assessment towards skin protection from
ultraviolet radiation. Pharmacophore, 13(3): 41-49.