NATURAL SCIENCES

GRADE 8: CHEMICAL BONDS AND

CHEMICAL REACTIONS
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Learners must know what a chemical bond is.
• Learners must know what a chemical reaction is.
• Learners must know different types of chemical
reaction.
CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND CHEMICAL
BONDS
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REMINDER
• Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass
• Element: is a pure substance made up of 1 type of atom
• Compound: is made up of 2 or more elements that are bonded together
CHEMICAL REACTIONS: A PROCESS THAT TRANSFORMS A SET OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES
INTO A NEW PRODUCT

2H2 + O2 2H2O
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CHEMICAL REACTIONS
During a chemical reaction, elements react with each other to form new
substances with new properties
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HOW TO WRITE CHEMICAL

EQUATIONS
reactant + reactant product

Compound:
a molecule made up of 2 or more different elements
chemically bonded together
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CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Example: water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen (H2O)

Hydrogen + Oxygen (reactants)
Water (product)
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CHEMICAL BONDS
• A chemical bond is a strong force of attraction
that holds atoms together in a molecule, resulting
in the formation of a compound.
• There are different types of chemical bonds
which you will learn about in higher grades.
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DECOMPOSING COMPOUNDS
• Compound consist of different elements, so we can break a compound up into
the elements that it is made of
• Compounds are formed by chemical reactions, so we need chemical reactions
to break them up again.
• This type of reaction is called decomposition reaction.
• Decomposition reaction is the opposite of what happens when a compound is
formed
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• Electrolysis is a decomposition reaction in

which we use electricity to split up a compound
into the elements it is made up of.
• Heating also known as thermal decomposition,
is a decomposition reaction in which we use
heat energy to split up a compound into the
elements it is made up of
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SUMMARY
• A compound is a pure substance formed by a chemical reaction of 2 or more different elements. The
atoms in a compound are held together by a force called a chemical bond.
• Atoms in a compound are always combined in fixed ration.
• Compounds are formed by chemical reactions, so we need chemical reactions to break them up again,
for example by heating or electrolysis

Any questions?
 ACTIVITY
Multiple Choice Questions
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1. What is the main difference between a chemical bond and a chemical reaction?
a) A chemical bond is a reaction, while a chemical reaction is a bond.
b) A chemical bond is a strong force of attraction between atoms, while a chemical reaction is a change in substances.
c) A chemical bond is a change in substances, while a chemical reaction is a lasting attraction between atoms.
d) A chemical bond is a mixture, while a chemical reaction is a solution.
2. What is the term for the substances that react in a chemical reaction?
a) Products
b) Reactants
c) Catalysts
d) Elements
Short answer question
1. What is a chemical reaction? Provide an example.
True or False Questions
1. Chemical bonds are broken during a chemical reaction.
2. Chemical reactions always result in the formation of a new substance.
Long answer question
1. Explain the concept of chemical bonds and how they relate to chemical reactions. Use examples to illustrate your answer.
THANK
YOU