BASIC PRACTICE QUESTION PAPER, MATERIAL PROCESSES 1) Which of the following are the characteristics of hard & strong materiais? a) BCC b) FCC c) HCP d) BCCT 2) Which of the following materials are allotropic in nature? a) Carbon b) Iron c) Copper d) “a” & “b” both. 3) Engineer's Stress Strain curve is based on? a) Original Area of cross section H b) Actual Area of cross section~ 7“ ** c) Average Area of cross section d) Least Area of cross section 4) True Stress Strain curve is based on? a) Original Area of cross section b) Actual Area of cross section c) Average Area of cross section d) Least Area of cross section 5) Ductility is expressed as? a) % Increase in length. b) % Reduction in cross section area C) Stiffness d) “a” & “b” both AeSr1yd S89 \ ee12) What is the Ductility if the Gauge length in increased from 8” to 8.252? a) 2%. 2 yer b) 3.15%. ‘ Ye fi 2 c) 8.25% d) None of the above. ww c Z 13) The numbers of atoms in FCC & BCC respectively are? 14) Give two examples each of BCC, FCC, HCP & BCCT. 15) The loss of carbon from the surface of steel subjected to elevated temperature which reduces the strength & effectiveness of subsequent heat treatment is called_pene.nupi2e TOM o> 16) The point at which material exists as solid, liquid & gas is called? a) Yield point ss i b) Triple point~ - ¢) Transformation temperature d) Recrystallization point 17) The temperature at which material's behaviour changes from ductile to brittle is called? a) Transition Temperature. b) Transformation Temperature c) Ductile brittle temperature d) None of the above 18) Below Transition temperature? a) Material behaves in brittle manner b) There is large increase in absorbed energy c) Material behaves in a ductile manner d) “a” & “b” both. 19) Which of the following corrosion protection is offered by changing the chemistry of surface by conversion coatings? a) Anodizing b) Galvanizing * cc) Phosphating d) All of the above {ee + Chao, 07 ee ' pee - Atami , Copper , me fe e — cadmine | cobekt e) “a” & “ec” only. ae uw -8 if . Pp ne 7 a HeP - is a lp oH ema N oy a Xx YY , piseg er gee m ic Pe23) What is the Yield Strength? a) 6800000 PSI b) 7500000 PSI c) 6200000 PSI d) None of the above 24) The curve shown above is? a) Engineer's Stress strain curve b) True Stress strain curve Cc) Offset Stress Strain Curve d) Load versus deflection curve 25) The True Stress Strain curve differs from Engineers Stress Strain Curve in_f@st © region & with maximum stress at _2 @eAK( point. ; 26) The maximum load based on the original area of cross section is called materials? a) Endurance Limit b) UTS ¢c) Yield Strength d) Breaking Load 27) Endurance Limit is? a) The stress upto which the material can undergo infinite cycles without failure. b) Above this stress infinite cycles can cause failure ¢) Is about half to one third of tensile strength. d) All of the above 28) Hot work is done? a) Above recrystillization temperature b) Below recrystillization temperature c) Above transformation temperature d) Below transition temperature e) None of the above ee 23-4 2 A s ae arc t % av “bw ww35) Steel heated above critical temperature and slow cooled in furnace? a) Is called Annealing. b) Will improve ductility & electrical conductivity greatly. c) Called Normalizing d) “a” & “b” both 36) Sperodizing is often employed? a) To increase hardness & strength b) Is a very lengthy treatment and temperature is below transformation temperature. ©) ‘a’ & "b” both d) None of the above. 37) Corrosion rate depends on a) Acidity of electrolyte & Oxygen contents b) Temperature & Stresses ¢c) Stray electrical currents & motion d) All of the above e) ‘a’ & “b” both 38) One of the problems with pure Aluminium is? a) Low endurance limit in fatigue loading b) Hot shortness leading to loss of ductility near melting point c) “a” & “b” both. d) None of the above... 39) Which of the following are correct statements”? a) Preheating Lowers the cooling rate b) Post weld treatment is a grain refining process that also reduces stresses c) Both above become necessary as thickness & carbon equivalent increases d) All of the above e) “a” & “b” both. 40) What is the Ductility if the cross section is decreased from 0.5” to 0.25” a) 2%. b) 55%. c) 75% d) None of the above.48) What effects allowing has? a) Alloy reduces weld ability b) Alloy increases harden ability c) Alloy retards the grain growth d) All of the above e) a&conly 49) The differentiation between discontinuities & defects is? a) All discontinuities are defects. b) All defects are discontinuities c) Discontinuities are rejectable defects d) “b” & “ce” both 50) Which of the statements is not true? a) Thermoplastic have the degree of polymerization controlled b) Thermosetting plastics are higher in toughness than thermoplastic. c) Thermosetting reaction is chemical in nature and irreversible . q) All of the above are correct statements 51) Patternmaker’s allowance used making casting oversize is to? a) Account for Liquid Shrinkage b) Account for Solidification Shrinkage c) Account for solid Shrinkage d) All of the above 52) Recrystillization temperature? a) Depends on material b) Depends on amount of cold work ¢) Increases with increase of cold work d) All of the above e) “a” & “b” both 53) Sintering is a) Mechanism by which solid particles are bonded by application of pressure or heat, or both b) Sintering a nonmelting Procedure. ¢) During sintering recrystillization takes place d) All of the above ) “a” & “b” both S aa wg , EBW co PAW a. SAW 28, Cold rolled plate during mill rolling, along the rolling direction ductility will a. inerease ». decrease ©. unaffected 24, Material used to support the core and not melted are a. unfused chaplet : >. unfused chilis ©. unfused core 25, SS vessel contain salt water for five years is inpected visually, the radiograh shows ‘worm hole like defect a, stress corrosion cracking b. hydrogen induced cracking c. immbritilemeiat 26. HIVL, 24 mm of material to change 16 mr/hr to 2 mu/ hr. what thickness is required a, 72 mm b, 48mm co. 24mm non of the above solution 3HVL x.24mm =.72mm 27. Dose rate is 600 mrfhr for 1 ouri. If the source strength is 10 curi what will be the dose rate at. 100 meter. 600X110 = 9.6 me/he 400 X 100 28. For circular magnetization worked what factor is considered20 Shear waves will not detect a, angle surface crack b. porosity c. lamination 21, After machining, the difference in sucface is measured as a, average waviness ». Root mean square 22, During radiography the appearance is not uniform which of the follwing welds it could be aGMAW b. EBW co. PAW - d. SAW 23. Cold rolled plate curing mill rolling, along the rolling direction ductility will g. increase b, decrease _ «. unaffected 24, Material used to support the core and not melted are she 2, unfused caplet b. unfused chills c, unfused core 25, 88 vessel contain salt water for five years is inpeoted visually, the radiogrph shows worm hole like defect a. stress corrosion cracking b. hydrogen induced cracking c.. immbrittlemeint 26. HVL .24 mm of material to. change 16 mar/hr to 2 ma/ hr. what thicktiess is required a. 72 mm b»..48mm c 24mm. d._non of the above solution 3HVLx24mm =.72mm 27. Dose rate is 600 mr/hr for 1 curi, If the source strength is 10 curi what wil be the dose rate at 100 meter, s00X 10 = 0.6 mefhr 400 X 100 28, For circular magnetization worked what factor is considered.30. au. 32, 33. 4 36. uD Diameter Number of tums Length Boge Part placed inside the coil. The current is max at a. on surface of the part inside the surface of coil c.. inside the past in UT resolution is, a. near surface detection In UT different depth same area FBH with straight beam inspection used as a, Reference line b. Vertical linearity c. Resolution Stress applied is directly proportional to increase or decrease length ate a. Elastic deformation b, Plaiti¢-flow ~~ in Charpy impact test you will find a, tensile strength b. compressive c. plastic deformation 4d. absorbed energy Creep is ‘a Stress elevated tentperature at constant load by Fatigue . How will you check brazed bond a UT b PE co MT da, BY Aluminum and boron campsite is made by a, Fusion bond or diffusion boud__ b, Bxplosive process ¢. Cementing with special glow37 . Round shift fatigue is bend and inspected sudden difference in thickness is observed a. Fritting corrosion b. Fatage crack 38. during the iramersion testing UT for water to steel reflected energy ftom the front surface is 8, mpye than transmitted loss than transmitted 8, saine 39. ‘Seams are found during, a. Welding and forging b. Rolling and forging ¢. Casting and forging 49, In UT normal beam testing the velocity in long bar will change due to a. Mode,conversion 44, lievitation of AE testing is a, stressing is required 42, What AE can'detect a. Defornistion What is common for lake test and AE examination a probe b. differentiat preseure gage 44, Aluminum is used in fabrication, decrease in hardness will have what effect on electric conductivity ai Increase b. Decrease 45, aluminum protection ftom corrosion is due to a. phosphating b, anodizing 86. Cold work doné below 8. Austenitization b, Recrystilliztion 47, ‘The cause for crater crack is a, Start and stop or (interruption during welding) 48, Deep penetration is due to grater are length b, slow speedhigh speed 49. hydrogen induced cracks and embrittlement is due to absorbed hydrogen ‘30. which welding process has least HAZ. a. oxyacetylene b. EBW(clectron beam weiding) 6. Blectto slag welding Si. half meter is used in a, linear measurement 52, magnetic field strength of yoke is determine by a. lifting weight b. pie gage 53, hall effect is used in measuring a. flux density 54, halogen content of penetrant is required for use of & magnesium aluminum ©. cooper 4, S8i6taitidess Steel) 55, Large complex vessel at 1Spsi weld is leak tested, both sides accessable by which of the following a. VB(Vacuum box) Leak penetrant REMY 56, 400 and.300 series SS tested for identification by which method 8, hardriess test b, compression test . magnetic 57. potous casting is tested by a postemulsifier b. water washable fluorescent c. solvent removable 38, investment casting a. tolerance of 1/16” b, required no further machining 59, Applying another material over base metal to protect is a. Cladding 60, ciple alloy for stain less steel that protect isa Chromium b. Nickel ¢. Cobalt 61. neutron radiography uses sereen a, same as conventional radiography b, different 62, unfused chaplets a. support corePasir tte eoe eee rete ee BASIC-SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS y How best can you relay acceptiwithhold criteria? oa) \with description of defects b) ‘table graphs depicting discontinuitios c)* description of sizes qd) pictures of drawings of discontinuities 2 What gas is detrimental (creating Fluoro-carbons) damaging the ozone fayer? a) helium t)_ritous oxde ©) reftigerant 12 @) — carbon-dicxide cle 3) The Best Inspection combination for a painted aluminum part for all discontinuities fs: a REPT > MERT Unt dt RTUTY 4) Kalser Effect is a property of Acoustic Emission that: a) affectsiretated to velocity @ depicts integration at end of leading pulse 7 ) — foading and sound doppler effect is used 5) A Torrous steel partis case hardened.. What method will detarmine best case depth? a) MT b) yt “se EL, a RT 6) Eddy Currant can detect the following: ~G@) —— heat-treat in 707 AL. %) —— disboriding i Tol cladding of AL. ©) thicknesses of over 4 Inches 6) Tack of root penetration in welds 7) Aluminu-Boron (thread or fiber like) matrix is oreated through? 2) fuston bonding 1-8) diffusion bondin 6) Rigi Strength glue ¢) weldingpomp seve — lt BASIC-SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS Q How best can you relay accept/withnold criteria? sa) with desoription of defects b) table graphs depleting discontinuities ©)’ desoription of sizes d) _pletures of drawings of discontinukies 2) What gas is detrimental (creating Fiuoro-carbons) damaging the ozone tayer? a) helium by nitrous oxide ©) refigerant 12 ces d)— satbon dioxide 3) The Best inspection combination for a painted aluminum part for alt discontint a) REPT bo MTRT. 8). UTPT —) 0 RTUTe 4) Kaiser Effect Is a property of Acoustic Emission that: a) affectsitelated to velocity depicts integration at end of leading pulse 1} Joading and sound oreateny Goppler effect is used 5) ‘A ferrous steel part Is case hardened, What method will determine best case depth? a) MT wb) UT oe ~~) BT. g RF 6) Eddy Current can detect the following: “Gp eat-troat in 707 AL 8) disbording ih roll cladding of AL. ©). thicknesses of over 4 inches lack of root penetration in welds es) Aluminum-Boron (thread or fiber like) matrix Is created through? a) fusion bonding net) diffusion bondin ® hgrerea gue d) weldingeee ASD exam rosits to SNT-TC-1A for a candidate were: ae 55 72 General 45 correct out of 80 5 +e Praiol 68 cores out of 80 1% Z For the candidate to pass the exam the Specific needs to be: eer a) 14/20 ce th ») 4820 = eo) o) 48/20 = - Zo ¢) Bs 9) ANSVASNT CP189 experisncs Is recorded in: 2) months Dy years hours @. “days ® SNT-TC-1A: What is the NOT experience required for a candidate if he has a business administration Bachelor's Degree? same a8 84 In Engineering a ‘seme.as High Schocl- ©) Same'as’2 year technical school @ same as BA in Biology 41) Which of the following methods always requires a specimen with known flaws? a MT DRT hy 9 FT ~@ EL fi (12) _ wt usec to protect aurinum aginst se, a and physical damage? a) painting b) Sladaing co] ‘Neat treating <> mosey 48)) Linear indioations in weld - what would you do? aa a) reject and sed to MB. inform the Level i avaluate against sccepiance standards break open the sample (a) ideally, in sample batch processing inspection: a) select 80 of 90 parts b) inspect all parts? s) 100% inspect if sample fais ass good batches and reject bad batches ~19) 18) What dfscontinuity can be detected visually over other NDT methods, when only cne side (tap) ‘can be inspected? ED _neierout b) underbead cracking o insufficient penetration @) slag inclusion Plate stock is accessible from either side with Contact (normal) - Ulfrasanis inspection this will best detect? 2) transverse perpendicular defects to plate surface “@D) —_laminetions parallel to surface o inclusions d). scabs (a) immetsion Ultrasonic (4:0, Oil) at normal incident angle, the amount of sound reflected from 1a) {etee)) front suriace is: a) greater then amount emitted by transducer less than ammount transmitted into specimen ‘9fetior than amount reflected from back wall of s <) fess han amount reflected from back wal of specimen Contaminated lake or sea water cantinued in $04 stainless steel pipe lines for 6 months; inspeatlon detects the fine ctack-line discontinuftles. These are probably caused by:~ ee ine crgek-ine discontinuttles a) inicro-blological organisms ._ans-aranular stress caurosion ©) etch atlack d) galvatic-action ® Emulsttier checks are required for: — a) viscosity -b) water contamination 7 ) surface tension penetrant contamination SB wxosty Q) water Contamination ©) suiface tension d) penetrant contamination dof a part to determine: Localized stresses ‘Youngs modules of elasticity ¢ yield points breaking strain22) What breaking describes a local dimensional change other than absolute? — @ dial gauge tiferometer as 2 vernier d) surface roughness 29) Surface roughness is determined by “statistical” high and low areas: ~€ ms (root. mean square) deviation b) deviation’ thicrons peak to peak ©) percentage deviation from drawing dimensions 0) optical reflection coefficients @ SNT-TG-1A: Outside Agency Level Ii delegates qualification exams.to.a QA Manager who gives exam, Grading of muitichoice was delegated to the Shop Foreman, Who below safinot sign for certification? ee HP sop Foreman bh) OA Manager Outside Level tr a). Gormpany Vies President GS Which penetrant process permits a pre-rinse? PE. « Hyctdphilic b) BEF Lipophitic ©) Solvent removable 6) Water washable (28) When steel an advantage over plastic? 2) "Thermal conductivity b) High strength ) High density oe) Ele¢tro-conductivity 27) SNT-TC-1A: if an individual does not have @ high schoo! diploma and works 20% of time in method A and the balance in another, after 3 months what time can be counted as éxperierice for method A. @ actual time Bex of tine ©) 10% ctHme &) alloftime 28) ANS! CP129: [fan individual does not have a high school diploma and works 20% of time in method A and the balance in enather, after 3 months what time can be counted as experience for method A. gotual time. . 35% of time ' ©) 10% of time d) all of time29) 30) 34) 32) 33) 44) 36) SNT-TC-1A: If a person does not have high school education his/her training hours: a) must be increased b) must be decreased ~ —_pecessary data allowed by the administrator @ pencils and rules only What is the most economfcal (and bes!) way, inspect a jarge tank with a complex design used for liquid storage for a through leak. Access to both sides. 2 vacuum box at 15 psig QS ©) “BreSslre change measurement? a). another leak test ‘Where a notched test olece is.used for en impact test, the test is called a ®D _impactress >) Gharpy'test - ©) hardness test d) elasticity test37) Boroscope: What holds lenses in place? a) fixed tube >) washers eH @)—eallimators @ epoxy resin 38) __Ifincrease magnification, what happens to depth of field? a) increases proportionally b) Increases exponentially cle. 2) decreases proportionally dooreasés exponentially 39) Fiberscope images are transmitted by: @) —clatie fiber bundles, b) charge coupied devices ©). liquid guide tubes 3) _optioal spaced lenses ‘sires ‘Strain by) Extension , original length ) load elongation dp Hardness factors 40) a modulus is defined by: 41) Eddy'Current cannot determine changes in: @) hardness > “oonductivity a sweldin d) Tesistivily 42) Residual magnetism least aifacts the following processes: a) electronic instrumentation- b) machining 2) welding electro stalte painting 48) Eddy Currant can determine: aoe ) hardness change in aluminum alloys bd) Jemperature in aluminum alloys ) ‘Stress Jaading.tn aluminum alloys the above © aili 44) Petroleum storage tani is led for 18 years when crack like Jndications in the HAZ" of welds are observed. Under magnification origins lock Tes ly caused by: snicro-bidlogical organisms diydrogen embrittlement | Galvanic action 4) intererystaline corrosion | 45) Gantaminated lake or salt water in a 300 series pipe has resulted Inte, erack line Indications, When magnitied oak to be "worm holes": ‘icro-blological organism ~ Teeoenen ee ©) “hydrogen embrittlement d) exfoliation corrosion 48) An intensity is tamer. To shiold this to 2mefhr, it would require what thickness of lead? (HVL = 0.24 inches of Pb) 0.375" ors’ : Oe qi Do 18 47) An intensity is 800 mehr @ + meter fem 2.40.¢% souree-of 1R182, What is It at 109 meters? 1DCi 4 =€00mrhrigooe = 4 10/000 & B R192 4 meter 100 METERS mieag. $00-ttthe =.08 mintie 46,000 asi 08 marth I you do not have to increase the 600 mr/hr x 10 for the 10 Curies 48) "What's the best method 10 inspect an atuminun(arerafbwing for cracks and! emanating Hemisener noisy = e a) RT 5) UT with 60 degree or 48 degrae probes BET. with pancake probe 0 Chante 48) "you ware to inspect a 1" thick plate with &° prod spacing for magnetis patsle inspection, whet ‘would be the required amperage? @) 80 amps/inch i e 309 arhps cl soo amps » BOO amp tums wt ie | ee \ oe f cfr 2125 \e® + »50) What method is best to make a one ton casting? ®) /estment casting b)_ dle casting EP sand cast Test Wax Casting 51) What does railing of a metal do to ducticty? GD ccoreasesit ) —Thareases 9) no change occurs d) fist increases then decreases it 52) What property must steel stil retain for additional working if previously worked? BO “avcticry 5) Hanes : ce) good temper. d) brittleness. S3y Which of the foltowing processed have Japs} a) __ forging anc! casting b) castings and machining Forging and rolled stock ¢) eat treatment 54) Infra-red: ‘Thermal conductivity. If an inside wail of a building Is wat from ¢or an LR, test be affected? ae a disrupt test due to evaporation (coating) effect exdgerate fermperatures 3 cause reflections of thermal images 9) improves quality of eaoied image 38) As a Level Ill, suppose you had to sélect a sensitivily of penetrant, Which of the following does not apply? See a tow OD segular ©) High i @) ultra high 56) What method works oily by slactromagneti 8) Magnetic Partcte * Leak detection ap Eddy Current d) Thenmalinfrates60) et) 62) d 64) 65) Easiest method for determining case hardenirig of @ steo! part for the depth of the case hardening? @ Sidy Curent ) lagnetic Panicle ©} Penetrant 4) Brinell Test Best selection of current and particles for'a sub-surface detect with magnetic particle inspection is: a) HWOC Wet. » Dowet @ WDC Dry i) DC Dry What is a Reftactometer used or? @® _hycro-phyiic emulsifier concentration eee 5) _calcuation of refracted mode conversion Ce ©) measuring the distilation temperature of penetrant oils )”-Speeific gravity of developer solutions Best method to sort austenetic and martenetic stainless steel XGP electromagnet Tanase ©) visual color sound velocity. What fs It called when trying to analyze a discontinuity? @ Fracture analysis, is ). Crack propagation € bo ©) Failure prediction 2. d) ‘Spectroscopy. SNT-TO-1: An employee joins a company on January 1, 1999 and works as a certified NDT Level unl 3/31/93. The, employes leaves employment on 7/31/93. The technician Joins @ new employer on 4/1/94. By what date must this person be requalified to the same level without Jostag efigivity? , i @ vives ahi &b¢e ) anid wo 8 TIS ¢ bey, Sites ed) Rsti94 . if optical depth of fleld decreases, itis because magnification is: increased by “decreased ‘i 3} attenuated «adjusted eitE Basic Questions 1) Souree - Active Orders, 2) Due to ~ Elastic stress, : 3) Kaler affect - not exceeding the previons one. 4) AE & PT has common & no othier NDT has - pressitee gages. ; ‘ 1) Halogen traces in which of the Leak test ~ Air, 2) Most sensitive LT ~MSLD | 3) Big arid complicated vessel most economical and Red Sensitivity test ~ Penetrant Test. EE Basic Questions 1) Bypopbilie PP — water contamiannt 2) Pre rinsing is done im = Hypophilic. 3) Tank having hydrophilic water contamination. 4) Avtificdal or natural dics used foe — PY. Motallargy Basic Questions 1) 1 ton casting’ - sand casting ee 2) casting small grains of surtace ae : 3) crater criick due to~slow reméval of elestrode cee 4) Less penetration due to ~ travel speed mora, 8) Cucting usco water engled vibrting eopyo: tublag ~ quuliauuus cia ling 8) Proferential conting in a casting would be achieved by using of what? ~ chills 7) Bxcossive restraints in a *V Preparation weld would give? ~ crack mot’ I EY Basic Ousstions i 1) Biddy Current nsed to measure What? cladding © S ; spay Slate Ry Wabaae oR pat el eee vy Ravel er hPa ? i * 7 Br, TEE weet nee 21, BUTT etd Se De Ye wedd BD Fer a coder YUIGN TE DT peterteel Cee A + Guery ERS‘23, Factor of safety: is the ratio of ultimate stress to desig stress" 24. Triple Point- is the temperature (under given preSsutc) a niaterial exist in solid, Jiguid, gaseous stute, 25. Work. Hardening: * The application of loads to a solid terial a Processing or “> “in Service ean cause'two'kinds of deformation: ‘Below yield stress deformation is elastic (material retums to its original position upon removal of the stress or load.) ‘In plastic state the materials do not retum completely to.ts original position, is permanently deformed even after removal of the:load. . When the elastic limit is strain and clastic properties ere not lost, but enhanced . ‘ifornie planes within & grain. Twinning = grain deformation due to sudden _ loading, with twinning the grein deforms by twisting or reorienting a band of adjacent lattice forms. ” Rotational deformation: “A third type of shift in the grain is a kind of rotational deformation or portions of the erystal lattice. Stresses below the clastic limit canse the crystals to be temporarily bent and deformed, ~~~ s-When-the clastic limit has-excoeded these planes during slip tend to rotate, - This deformation sometimes called fibering. . Fibering may,or may not be. use “depending upon the type of tse of the material: 27: Cold work. Cold work is work accomplished below the zecrystallization ‘temperatures for the particular material. "In most metals, dislocation processes are accompanied by discrete releases of mechanical.energy, sometimes called stress waves. Those stress waves produce acoustical. vibrations that (Ultrasonic) travel at high velocity... Acoustic emission technique comes under this class. 28. Recrystallization: Metals that are cold worked are left with their eras in a -strained and unstable condition,.‘The grains have a tendency to retum to.the. equilibrium of a lower energy state by equalization of internal crystalline stress or ‘oy changing to now, unstrained grains. Greater the deformation strain, greater is the instability, and easiet it is for the changes to take place. “Time and temperature also have strong influence. Recovery (stross relief) and reorystalization( elastic limit has been raised close to ultimate strength, and further deformation will eause fracture ) take place ‘pon the heating ofeold worked material. 29. Austenitization: Steel is heated above its critical temperature (transformation temperature), as much a3.2%ofcarbon can dissolye.at the eutectic temperature of. 1,148degreeC .._ grain refinement that occurs with the formation of the new FCC attice, 30. Annealing: . The purpose of fill anncaling isto decrease hardness, iterease ductility, and sometimes improve machinability of high carbon steel, This “Ce estmentis also ysed to rellevestesses refine rat size; and 2 Sof structure taroughout the material 31. Normalizing: Mainly used for stress reliving, and for machinability, 32. Spherodizing “the iron carbide to form in soiall spheres aria saa ne ial33; Hardening of steels Austenisation~ Most of the heat treatment teadeninig processes for steel are based on the production of high percentagies'of marterisite, Second step is to cool rapidly in an attempt to avoid pearite transformation. 34. Tempering : to condition # hardened steel for service is, ‘emperor drawing, it ~-isnot e hardening process butit is reverse, 35. Corrosion: corrosion is deterioration of metal due o chemical action of some Surrounding or contracting medium which may be liquid, gas, or some combination of the two. In particular corrosion may be defined as electroghernical action, in which the anode always sacrifices and cathode gets ep depends on several fhctoirs “36. Tratochen ‘series.the higher, the preset leaned ‘corrosion, 36.2: Higher'the residual stress greater is thie'amount of corrosion 36.3 Higher concentration of electrolyte increases the rate of corrosion, 364 Higher concentration of oxygen increases the rate of eorrosion 36.5. Higher the acidic concentration higher is the rate of corrosion 6, Motion reduces the rate of corrosion 36,7--Temperature increases the corrosion 2 ~ se 30.8, Stray clectricel currents accelerates the corrosion process 36.9 "Moisture in atmosphere increases corrosion BT Cas hig ae Bete — trcmemest Gre ge cesheng OE a trianndt peta aud cle te Le i > ~opvunicl wart Ene Gund Gentle feeb a Rett cond eradmcut pe S Pacjile: Smatt ak swe IER) a. qrrenedrintial ss Mie aaa moullc eke | Bee) ee: Bee Sweet Cache . T alge ox na noi eoneh wnt deg as = Poa dex aahablsgy Repecteny relat Che | =] SN elicane : Gree hoe Aaniiry4s. Plantes “Reme #ly thee plake cee : - 8S. 8d0 and, hoo SeteB. Basics of common NDT Methods BL. Very short wavelength electromagnetic radiation produced when electrons traveling at high speeds collide with matter is called: a. X-radiation. b, Beta radiation. e ¢. Gamma radiation, 4, None of the above. B2. In magnetic particle testing, detection of deep-lying defects in a one-inch thick weld ist a, Very similar to the detection of surface cracks. b. Not difficult if the defect is attributable to fine non-metallic stringers. c. Simple if the defect’s width can be approximated. d. More of a problem then is the case of surface defcots. e. Anot difficult if the defect is long and at the center of the weld. 7 eg ~-B3,Ultrasonic inspection of castings is ofteti difficult because of: “a, Extremely fine grain structure. : b. Coarse grain structure. ¢. Non-uniform flow lines. 4. Non-uniform solidification. B4, When penetrant examination is necessary for customer acceptance, the examination should be done: a. After the completion of all operations which may cause or expose discontinuities. b. After completion of primary forming, machining, or welding operations, but prior to final machining. ‘ . After all operations regardless of the type of operation. . kmfnediately prior to shipping. BS. Which of the following are common applications for eddy current testing? es a. Measurement of conductivity or a combination of conductivity and permeability. b. Measurement of the thickness of thin metal sections, cladding, or coating. ©. Detection of surface and slightly subsurface discontinuities. - d. All of the above. B6, Which of the following is the most likely application of néutron radiography? a. Inspecting stainless steel pistons for intemal cracks. b. Field inspection of a large pressure vessel for corrosion. c. Inspecting small stainless steel valve assemblies for the presence of a rubber O- ring seal. d. Inspecting small aluminum castings for core shift. BF JL ie i : e ~ 2 , - 6° 3 »piping system B7. The best technique for leak testing an on-line low pressu containing a liquid refrigerant would be: a. Bubble test. b. Pressure change test. ¢.' Halogen diode detector test. d. Mass spectrometer test. C. Basic Materials, Fabrication and Product Technology Cl. With which of the following is the term “‘anodizing’’ associated? a, Surface treatment of stainless steel alloys. b, Metal surface cleaning. c..Surface treatment of aluminum alloys. +d. Coated plastics. C2. ‘The terms that best describes non-uniformity in fhe, dlistribution of chemical . elements in a metal alloy ‘a, Segregation. .b. Convolution. c. Impurity. z d. Defect. C3. Metal fatigue is most likely {0 be found in structures: a. Loaded under constant high stress. b, Having undergone a substantial over-load. ¢. Subject to cyclic, vibratory, or stress reversal loads. d. Loaded in constant tension. C4. A heat treatment process used to relieve residual stresses in metals is called: Auustenitizing. Carburization. Hardening. - Annealing. 4% pe oP a By 4 7 Cr 6 (a7, ghdd ___bD Magnetic Particle Testing . . Ina DC circuit, where 1 is the current, E is the voltage and R is the resistance, which expression popedycelates 1, E and R? Y b E=R1 o RE d. I= ER tt M2. A steel forging 10 inches long and 2 inches diameter is to be inspected by DCcoil magnetization in a 5 turn coil with a 10 inch diameter. What current should be, recommended? a 2. 3600 amperes b. 1800 amperes ©. 1200 amperes 6. 900 amperes M3. A good means for locating deep-lying discontinuities by magnetic particle testing is to use half-wave rectified Ac with dry powder. Which combination of factors makes this so? a, Penetrating characteristics of AC and powder mobility of rectified AC. b, Penetrating-characteristics of DC and powder mobility of DC. c. Low current characteristics of DC and powder mobility of AC. 4, Penetrating characteristics of DC and powder mobility of AC. M4. In magnetizing a 1 % inch diameter tube with a 0.125 inch wall thickness with direct conduction and direct current at 1500 amps. What is the approximate fiel strength on the intemal diameter? a. Zero. b. Near maximum. c. About % maximum. d. About 1/16 maximum.U4. In the absence of test blocks of the same alloy as the test object, a reasonably. accurate ultrasonic test can be performed by: 8, Calibrating the equipment on aluminum test blocks. b. Calibrating the equipmen: on the back surface echo obtained from the material to be tested. ©, Obtaining a comparison of the back surfiice echoes between existing reference blocks and the material to be tested to establish a correction factor for the appropriate reference target echo. : d, Calibrating the equipment on the target hole in an aluminum test block for which the metal travel distance is not less than twice the thickness of the material to be tested. , US, Using the data given below, the refracted angle of the shear wave is: . =60° pai b. Sin 62 = 0.838: 62 =57° : =19° ae Medium 2: Aluminum Viong = 2.48X10° in/sec Vilong =1.23 X10" in/see Medium 1: Acrylic plastic Viong =1,09X 10° in/see V shear = 0.56 X10° insec l= 48° . Firstmedion Sin 610.743 Second medium Penetrant Testing ee ql Pi. A visible dye penetrant indication in the form of an intermittent straight line is seen and measured to be 0.32-inch from end to end. Reliability engineering personnel have asked you to comment on the findings. Of the following the most nearly correct: statement you can make is: . There is a tight crack 0.32 inch long. . There is a tight crack less than or equal to 0.32 inch long. . There is an intermittent crack with overall length of 0.32 inch. . There is an intermittent indication with overall length of 0.32 inch. Bese3. An aluminum alloy has a resistivity of 3.44x 10 Ohm-om. If the conductivity of copper standard is 0.58 x 10° Simen/em, the aluminum alloy has conductivity closest tc a, 59% IACS ‘ b. 54% IACS ©. 50% IACS d, 46% IACS e, 17% IACS B4, Direct current is not used for generating eddy current because: a.-It will not induce eddy current in the test object. b. It cannot be produced with adequate long-term stability. c. The current level required is impractically high. 4. AC circuits are more simplé and reliable. ES. Eddy current techniques can be used to: as a. Measure thickness of epoxy paint on aluminum b. Measure thickness of epoxy paint on porcelain enamel. ©, Measure thickness of aluminum foil. d, Both a and b above. . Both a and c above. Neutron Radiographic Testing NI. In neutron radiography, the term “beam putity indicator” relates to: a. Radiographic sensitivity. b. Measurement of the relative beam content of thermal, scattered and epithem neutrons and low energy gamma, \ c. Determining whether the neutron source was a reactor, accelerator or isotope. 4. The-chemical purity of CF. e. N2. Of the following elements, which has the highest thermal neutron cross-section? a. Ge b, Fe c Pb da Al