96. What casting method should be used when a precision casting is to be obtained?

Precision casting with fusible models or wax model.

97. What is shell mold casting? A half-form is made from a sand-bakalite mixture in the form
of shells with a thickness of 5-10mm, the half-forms are collected and glued, after which the
liquid metal is poured. The hearts of the shapes are made in the same way. The model
together with the casting system is installed in a model plate which is heated to 220-290°C
and fixed in the upper part of a reversible hopper, in which there is a mixture of quartz sand
and 2-5% Bakelite. By adding of hardening resins as a binder, the molding materials obtain
such a high strength that they can be made into divisible casting molds in the form of thin
(several millimeters) shells. Hollow hearts can also be made from such mixtures. An
important feature of these shells is that they provide a very accurate impression, and thus -
accurate and smooth castings.
98. What do you understand by ductility of metals?
The degree of deformation - at which the body breaks down is a measure of its plasticity.
Plasticity characterizes the ability of the metal to deform and change its shape and size under
the influence of external forces under certain conditions.
99. In what way are the properties of metals changed as a result of plastic deformation
restored?
It is explained by the irreversible displacement of linear defects. It is carried out by tangential
straining and sliding of the crystallographic planes.
100. Describe the differences and similarities between forging and volume stamping. In free
forging, the flow of metal between the tools is unlimited or partially restricted, while in
volume stamping it is limited in all directions by the walls of a metal form, which in this case
is called a die.
101. What is the stamping tool, what material is it made of and why?
Tool steel is used because high hardness, wear resistance and increased toughness are
required
102. What operations are performed in stamping and what products can be made? Stamping is
carried out by separate operations: flattening or collapsing, widening or drawing, etc. Most
often, these operations are used in combination
103. What is deep drawing and what products is it used for? Deep drawing is a process of cold
deformation by tension-pressure of a thin sheet blank (depending on the material it can be a
foil or a plate) in a hollow product without intentionally changing the thickness of the sheet
metal. It is also possible for the deep-drawn hollow article to be re-drawn in order to achieve a
higher degree of deformation and increase its quality. In this case, we are talking about a deep
draw of two transitions
104. What is rolling "+" and "-" and products? Rolling is a process of continuous or stepwise
deformation by pressure that uses rotating deforming tools in the form of rolls. It flows under
all-round uneven pressure - 01 > о~2 > о3 (by absolute value) with extension in two (е2 > 0,
е3 > 0) or one (е2 = 0, е3 > 0) directions. As a result, the metal is crushed and drawn, and
from its friction with the surface of the tool, it receives a simultaneous and progressive
movement.