Triangle Congruence

↪a triangle is a closed two dimensional shape with three straight sides

↪has 3 sides, vertices, and angles
↪a polygon

Correspondence
The symbol of “correspondence to” is ↔
Postulate 7: If three sides of a triangle are congruent to the corresponding sides of another triangle,
then the two triangles are congruent.
SSS Postulate (Side-Side-Side Postulate)

Postulate 8: If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are congruent to two sides and the
included angle of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
SAS Postulate (Side-Angle-Side Postulate)

Postulate 9: If two angles of a triangle and an included side of a triangle are congruent to the
corresponding parts of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.
ASA Postulate (Angle-Side-Angle Postulate)

Theorem 3.5 “AAS Theorem“ (Angle-Angle-Side Theorem)

If two angles and a non-included side of one triangle are congruent to two angles and a non-included
side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent

Types of Triangle
Equilateral: all sides are equal
Isosceles: 2 sides are equal
Scalene: no equal sides

Isosceles Triangle

Theorem 3.6
If two sides of an triangle are congruent, then the angles opposite them are congruent.

Theorem 3.7
If two angles of a triangle are congruent, then the angles opposite them are congruent.

Triangle Inequalities
Remote Interior Angles - two interior angles that are not adjacent to the exterior angles.

Theorem 3.8 (Exterior Angle Theorem)

The measure of the exterior angle of a triangle is greater than the measure of any of its interior angles.
 The sum of the remote interior angles are equal to exterior angles.

Theorem 3.9 (Side Angle Inequality Theorem)

If one side of a triangle is longer than the other side, then the measure of the angle opposite the
longer side is greater than the measure of the angle opposite the shorter side.

Theorem 3.10 (Angle Side Inequality Theorem)

If the measure of one angle of a triangle is greater than the measure of another angle, then side
opposite the larger angle is longer than the side opposite the smaller angle.

Theorem 3.11:
The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the length of the third side.

●a+b>c 2, 3, 6 4, 5, 7
●b+c>a 2 + 3 > 6 = False 4 +5 > 7 = True
3 + 6 > 2 = True 5 + 7 > 4 = True
●c+a>b
6 + 2 > 3 = True 7 + 4 > 5 = True
NO YES

Finding the Third Side:

Formula: Difference < Third Side < Sum
Example: 15, 9
15 - 9 < x < 15 + 9
6 < x < 24
Range of Third Side: 7 - 23

Theorem 3.12 (Hinge Theorem

If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of a second triangle and the included angle of
the first triangle is larger than the included angle of the second triangle, then the third side of the first
triangle is longer than the third side of the second triangle.

Theorem 3.13
If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of the second triangle and the third side of the
angle first angle is longer than the second triangle, then the angle of the first triangle is larger than the
angle of the second triangle.

Parallel and Perpendicular Lines cut by a Transversal Line

Postulate 10: If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the pairs of corresponding angles
formed are congruent.

Theorem 3.14 (Alternate Interior Angles Theorem)

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the pairs of alternate interior angles formed are
congruent.
Theorem 3.15 (Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem)
If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the pairs of alternative-exterior angles formed are
congruent.

Theorem 3.16 (Consecutive Interior Angles Theorem)

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the pairs of interior angles on the same side of the
transversal are supplementary.

Postulate 7: If two lines are cut by a transversal and a pair of corresponding angles is congruent, then
the lines are parallel.