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Paper / Subject Code: 32622 / Thermal Enginnering

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(3 Hours) [Total Mark: 80]

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N.B. (1) Question No. 1 is compulsory

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(2) Attempt any Three Question from Q. No. 2 to Q. No.6

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(3) Make suitable assumption if required

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(4) Illustrate answers with sketches wherever required

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Q. 1 Solve any four questions from the following (Five marks each) 20

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a) Derive an expression for one dimensional steady state heat conduction through plane

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wall.

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b) Discuss the concept and application of steady and unsteady state heat transfer along

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with the practical example of each.

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c) Calculate the following for an industrial furnace in the form of a black body and

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emitting radiation at 2500 °C.

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i) Monochromatic emissive power at 1.2 µm AC

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ii) Wave length at which the emission is maximum

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iii) Total emissive power of the furnace if it is assumed as real surface with
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emissivity equal to 0.8 6

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d) Discuss in detail about the effect of engine variables on detonation in Spark ignition
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engines.
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e) A cylinder rod of 1 cm diameter and 1 m long is initially maintained at 300 °C. It is

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suddenly dropped in oil at 50 °C having convective heat transfer coefficient at 240

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W/m2K. Find the time required to cool the rod up to 120 °C. Properties of rod material
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is as follows:
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Density = 8000 kg/m3. C=400 J/kg/K. k= 60 W/mK

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f) Engine oil at 60°C flows over the upper surface of a 5 m-long flat plate whose
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temperature is 20°C with a velocity of 2 m/s. Determine the total drag force and the
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rate of heat transfer per unit width of the entire plate.

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Properties of oil are as follows:

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Density=876 kg/m3, Pr = 2870, Thermal conductivity = 0.144 W/m°C, Kinematic

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viscosity = 242 x 10 -6 m2/s

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Q. 2 (a) An aluminum rod 2 cm diameter and 10 cm long protrudes from the wall maintained at 12
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300 °C. The rod is exposed to surroundings at 15°C. Heat transfer coefficient between
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rod surfaces an environment is 20 W/m2K. The thermal conductivity of the material is

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200 W/mK. Find

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i) Total heat dissipated by rod

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ii) Temperature of road at 4 cm from the wall

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iii) Temperature at the end of rod

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iv) Fin efficiency

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Assume that the rod end is insulated

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(b) What are the different control methods for engine emissions 08
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Q. 3 (a) The following details were noted in a test on a four-cylinder, four-stroke engine, diameter 10
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= 100 mm; stroke = 120 mm; speed of the engine = 1600 rpm; fuel consumption = 0.2
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kg/min; calorific value of fuel is 44000 kJ/kg; difference in tension on either side of the
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brake pulley = 40 kg; brake circumference is 300 cm. If the mechanical efficiency is
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80%, calculate
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(i) brake thermal efficiency (ii) indicated thermal efficiency (iii) indicated mean effective
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pressure and (iv) brake specific fuel consumption

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Paper / Subject Code: 32622 / Thermal Enginnering

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(b) Derive an expression for temperature distribution and heat dissipation in a straight fin of 10

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rectangular profile for insulated tip.

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Q. 4 (a) A furnace walls made up of three layers , one of fire brick, one of insulating brick and 12

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one of red brick. The inner and outer surfaces are at 870°C and 40°C respectively. The

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respective co- efficient of thermal conductivities of the layer are 1.0, 0.12 and 0.75

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W/mK and thicknesses are 22 cm, 7.5 cm, and 11 cm. Assuming close bonding of the

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layer at their interfaces, find the rate of heat loss per sq. meter per hour and the interface

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temperatures if the convective heat transfer coefficient of the atmosphere 40

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W/m2 °C and atmospheric temperature is 20 °C.

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(b) Discuss about the actual and ideal valve timing diagram for four stroke petrol engine. 08

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Q. 5 (a) A four stroke gas engine has a cylinder diameter of 25 cm and stroke 45cm. The effective 12 C

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diameter of the brake is 1.6m. The observations made in the test of the engine were as
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follows.

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Duration of the test 40 minute, total number of revolutions = 8080. Total no of explosions

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= 3230, net load on the brake = 90 kg, mean effective pressure = 5.8 bar, volume of gas
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used = 7.5 m3, pressure of gas indicated in a meter = 136 mm of water of gauge,
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atmospheric temperature = 17 °C, calorific value of the gas 19 MJ/m3 at NTP. Rise in
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temperature of the jacket cooling water= 45 °C , Cooling Water Supplied 180 Kg. Draw

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up the heat balance sheet and estimate the indicated thermal efficiency and brake thermal
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efficiency. Assume atmospheric pressure as 760 mm of Hg

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(b) State and explain different factors affecting on ignition delay period in compression 08
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ignition engine
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Q. 6 (a) Water( mass flow rate of 1.4 kg/s, Cp= 4.187 kJ/kgK) is heated from 40 °C to 70 °C by 08
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an oil (mass flow rate 2kg/s, Cp 1.9 kJ/kgK) entering at 110 °C in a counter flow heat
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exchanger. If overall heat transfer coefficient is 350W/m2K, Calculate the surface area
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required. Also find the surface area required if it’s a parallel flow heat exchanger.
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(b) Explain the following (Four marks each) 12

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i) What is the governing law of diffusion mass transfer?

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ii) Draw a boiling curve for water and show and explain the different boiling
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regimes. Explain the phenomenon of condensation.

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iii) Derive an expression for log mean temperature difference in parallel flow heat
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exchanger. State your assumption

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___________________________
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