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Difference between Power T.C & Distribution T.C

APRIL 8, 2011 4 COMMENTS
Jignesh.Parmar

Difference between Power Transformer & Distribution

Transformer:
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Power transformers are used in transmission network of higher voltages for step-up and step down application
1,245,146 hits
(400 kV, 200 kV, 110 kV, 66 kV, 33kV) and are generally rated above 200MVA.
Distribution transformers are used for lower voltage distribution networks as a means to end user connectivity.
(11kV, 6.6 kV, 3.3 kV, 440V, 230V) and are generally rated less than 200 MVA. About Jignesh Parmar:

Transformer Size / Insulation Level: Jignesh Parmar has completed his

B.E(Electrical) from Gujarat University. He has
Power transformer is used for the transmission purpose at heavy load, high voltage greater than 33 KV & 100%
more than 11 years experience in Power
efficiency. It also having a big in size as compare to distribution transformer, it used in generating station and
Transmission-Power Distribution-Electrical
Transmission substation .high insulation level.
energy theft detection-Electrical Maintenance-
The distribution transformer is used for the distribution of electrical energy at low voltage as less than 33KV in
Electrical Projects(Planning-Designing-
industrial purpose and 440v-220v in domestic purpose. It work at low efficiency at 50-70%, small size, easy in
coordination-Execution). He is Presently
installation, having low magnetic losses & it is not always fully loaded.
associate with one of the leading business

Iron Loss & Copper Loss: group as a Assistant Manager at

Ahmedabad,India. He has published numbers
Power Transformers are used in Transmission network so they do not directly connect to the consumers, so
of Technical Articles in "Electrical Mirror",
load fluctuations are very less. These are loaded fully during 24 hr’s a day, so cu losses & iron losses takes
"Electrical India" and "Lighting India"
place throughout day the specific weight i.e. (iron weight)/(cu weight) is very less .the average loads are nearer
Magazines. He is Freelancer Programmer of
to full loaded or full load and these are designed in such a way that maximum efficiency at full load condition.
Advance Excel and design useful Excel base
These are independent of time so in calculating the efficiency only power basis is enough.
Electrical Programs as per IS,NEC,IEC,IEEE
Power Transformers are used in Distribution Network so directly connected to the consumer so load
codes. He is Technical Blogger and Familiar
fluctuations are very high. these are not loaded fully at all time so iron losses takes place 24hr a day and cu
with English, Hindi, Gujarati, French languages.
losses takes place based on load cycle. the specific weight is more i.e. (iron weight)/(cu weight).average loads
He wants to Share his experience & knowledge
are about only 75% of full load and these are designed in such a way that max efficiency occurs at 75% of full
and help technical enthusiasts to find suitable
load. As these are time dependent the all day efficiency is defined in order to calculate the efficiency.
solutions and updating themselves on various
Power transformers are used for transmission as a step up devices so that the I2r loss can be minimized for a
Engineering Topics.
given power flow. These transformers are designed to utilize the core to maximum and will operate very much
near to the knee point of B-H curve (slightly above the knee point value).This brings down the mass of the core
enormously. Naturally these transformers have the matched iron losses and copper losses at peak load (i.e.
the maximum efficiency point where both the losses match).
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Distribution transformers obviously cannot be designed like this. Hence the all-day-efficiency comes into picture
while designing it. It depends on the typical load cycle for which it has to supply. Definitely Core design will be
done to take care of peak load and as well as all-day-efficiency. It is a bargain between these two points.
Power transformer generally operated at full load. Hence, it is designed such that copper losses are minimal.
However, a distribution transformer is always online and operated at loads less than full load for most of time.
Hence, it is designed such that core losses are minimal.
In Power Transformer the flux density is higher than the distribution transformer.
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The main difference between power and distribution transformer is distribution transformer is designed for
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maximum efficiency at 60% to 70% load as normally doesn’t operate at full load all the time. Its load depends on
distribution demand. Whereas power transformer is designed for maximum efficiency at 100% load as it always
runs at 100% load being near to generating station.
Distribution Transformer is used at the distribution level where voltages tend to be lower .The secondary voltage Follow This Blog by Email
is almost always the voltage delivered to the end consumer. Because of voltage drop limitations, it is usually not

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6/2/13 Difference between Power T.C & Distribution T.C | Electrical Notes & Articles
possible to deliver that secondary voltage over great distances. As a result, most distribution systems tend to
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involve many ‘clusters’ of loads fed from distribution transformers, and this in turn means that the thermal rating
of distribution transformers doesn’t have to be very high to support the loads that they have to serve.
All day efficiency = (Output in KWhr) / (Input in KWhr) in 24 hrs which is always less than power efficiency.
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About Jignesh.Parmar
Jignesh Parmar has completed his B.E(Electrical) from Gujarat University. He has more than
11 years experience in Power Transmission-Power Distribution-Electrical energy theft
detection-Electrical Maintenance-Electrical Projects(Planning-Designing-coordination-
Execution). He is Presently associate with one of the leading business group as a Assistant Manager at Proud to be an IndiBlogger
Ahmedabad,India. He is Freelancer Programmer of Advance Excel and design useful Excel Sheets of Electrical electricalnotes.wordpress.c...

85
Engineering as per IS,NEC,IEC,IEEE codes. He is technical Author for "Electrical Mirror" and "Electrical India"
Magazines. He is Technical Blogger and Familiar with English, Hindi, Gujarati, French languages. He wants to
Share his experience & knowledge and help technical enthusiasts to find suitable solutions and updating /100
themselves on various Engineering Topics.

4 Responses to Difference between Power T.C & Distribution T.C

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vandu says:
August 4, 2011 at 11:50 am
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Great sir
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i want to have ur programms fownloaded but like to pay in indian rupees how do i do it
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Varun says: Calculate Size of Transformer and Voltage drop
August 16, 2011 at 3:40 pm
due to starting of large size motor

Sir, Can u will add some notes on PLC and SCADA, SMART GRID? Please add this notes.And thanks for such Design DOL / Star-Delta Starter
a wonderful site.
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sir, can u add a complete notes on transformer losses. it is needed sir.
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can u add diff between power and distribution transformer as per core design Calculate Number of Plate / Pipe Earthing:

Reply
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