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नि: शुल्क दैनिक अडियो र भिडियो पाठ संग जापानी सिक्नुहोस् !

तपाइँको नि: शुल्क परीक्षण सुरु गर्नुहोस् 6 नि: शुल्क सुविधाहरू


डिसेम्बर २०, २०१९
जापानी क्यालेन्डर मितिहरू: जापानी र थपमा पढ्ने मितिहरू

नयाँ भाषा सिक्ने क्रममा मितिहरू कसरी पढ्ने भनेर सिक्नु सबैभन्दा आधारभूत चीजहरू
मध्ये एक हो, र यो दैनिक जीवनमा आवश्यक छ। उदाहरणका लागि, तपाईंले
अपोइन्टमेन्टहरू गर्दा, कु नै विशेष दिनको लागि टिकटहरू खरिद गर्दा, कसैको जन्मदिनको
लागि सोध्दा, इत्यादिमा मितिहरू प्रयोग गर्नुहुन्छ।

जापानी भाषामा मिति व्यक्त गर्नु धेरै जटिल छै न। जापानी भाषामा मितिले प्रायः काउन्टर
प्रणालीलाई पछ्याउँ छ, के ही अपवादहरू बाहेक; अर्कोतर्फ , अंग्रेजीमा हप्ताको महिना र
दिनहरूका लागि फरक नामहरू छन्।

तपाईंले जापानी नम्बरहरू थाहा पाएपछि जापानी भाषामा मितिहरू धेरै सजिलोसँग सिक्न
सक्षम हुनुहुनेछ। यदि तपाई अझै जापानी भाषामा नम्बरहरूसँग परिचित हुनुहुन्न भने,
कृ पया हाम्रो वेबसाइटमा जापानी नम्बरहरू हेर्नुहोस् ।

सामग्रीको तालिका

1. मितिहरू सामान्यतया जापानीमा कसरी व्यक्त गरिन्छ?


2. जापानीमा वर्षहरू कसरी भन्ने
3. जापानीमा महिनाहरू कसरी भन्ने
4. जापानीमा दिनहरू कसरी भन्ने
5. जापानीमा हप्ताका दिनहरू कसरी भन्न सकिन्छ
6. जापानीमा मितिहरूको बारेमा कु रा गर्न व्यावहारिक वाक्यांशहरू
7. निष्कर्ष: कसरी JapanesePod101 ले तपाईंलाई थप जापानी सिक्न मद्दत गर्न सक्छ
१. मितिहरू सामान्यतया जापानी भाषामा कसरी व्यक्त गरिन्छ?
जापानीमा मितिहरू कसरी भन्न धेरै सरल छ। जापानी लेखनमा मितिहरू वर्ष, त्यसपछि
महिना र अन्तमा दिनबाट सुरु हुन्छ। एक मात्र अपवाद हो जब त्यहाँ कु नै विशेष निर्देशन छ
यसलाई फरक तरिकाले लेख्न, जस्तै प्रविष्टि फारममा।

१- जापानीमा मितिहरू कसरी लेख्ने

1. अप्रिल 30, 2019 निम्नानुसार लेखिएको छ:

2019 年 4 月 30 日 वा 2019/04/30

 年 ( nen ): वर्ष
 月 ( गात्सु ): महिना
 日( nichi ): दिन

2. हप्ताका दिनहरू संग, मंगलबार, अप्रिल 30, 2019 निम्नानुसार लेखिएको छ:

2019 年 4 月 30 日 (火曜) वा 2019 年 4 月 30 日 (火)

 हप्ताका दिनहरू सामान्यतया गोलो कोष्ठक () मा संके त गरिन्छ र दिन पछि


राखिन्छ।
 दिनको नाम छोटो रूपमा व्यक्त गरिएको छ।

मंगलबार 火曜日(ka-yōbi हो , तर जब यो लिखित रूपमा व्यक्त हुन्छ, यो सामान्यतया


火曜 ( ka-yō ) वा के वल 火 ( ka ) हुन्छ।
2- जापानीमा मितिहरू कसरी पढ्ने

2019 年 4 月 30 日 (火曜) निम्नानुसार पढिएको छ:

नि-सेन जु-क्यु / नेन / शि / गात्सु / सान-जु / निची / का-यो

शाब्दिक रूपमा अनुवाद गरिएको:


दुई हजार दस नौ / वर्ष / चार / महिना / तीन दस / दिन / मंगलबार

आधारभूत जापानी संख्याहरूको उच्चारण सुन्नको लागि, कृ पया हाम्रो


वेबसाइटमा नम्बरहरूमा जानुहोस्।

3- उदाहरणहरू

 今日は 2019 年 1 月 13 日です。


Kyō wa ni-sen jū kyū-nen ichi-gatsu jū-san-nichi desu।
आज 13 जनवरी 2019 हो।
 私は 1990 年 5 月 1 日生まれです。
Watashi wa sen kyū-hyaku kyū-jū-nen go-gatsu tsuitachi umare desu.
I was born on May 1st, 1990.
 試験は 2019 年 8 月 30 日です。
Shiken wa ni-sen jū kyū-nen hachi-gatsu san-jū-nichi desu.
The examination is on August 30th, 2019.
In Japan, keeping the date and time for appointments is very important.
Please don’t mix up months and dates!

2. How to Say the Years in Japanese


1- Gregorian Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is very common in Japan to express the years.

Just say the year and then add “nen (年)” which is a year counter meaning
‘year’.

 1575 年 : sen go-hyaku nana-jū go-nen


 1998 年:sen kyū-hyaku kyū-jū hachi-nen
 2003 年:ni-sen san-nen

In some cases, numbers can be expressed with the last two digits as a
short version.

For example, 1998 is 98 年 (kyū-jū hachi-nen).

2- Japanese Era Calendar

Did you know that there’s also a Japanese calendar?

The Japanese people use 和暦 (Wareki), or the Japanese era calendar,


which is based on the reigns of Japanese emperors. The previous era was
called 平成 (Heisei), which started on January 8, 1989, when the previous
Emperor, Akihito, acceded to the throne following the death of his father.
The current era is called 令和 (Reiwa), which started on May 1, 2019, when
the current Emperor, Naruhito, acceded to the throne following the
abdication of his father.

2019 is the first year of the Reiwa era. It’s written as 令和 1 年 and read
as Reiwa ichi-nen.

This traditional Japanese era calendar is often used for official occasions
and in written form, such as in official documents used for public services
at a city hall.

3- Vocabulary for Describing Relative Years

 今年 ことし (Kotoshi) : This year


 去年 きょねん (Kyonen) : Last year
 一昨年 おととし (Ototoshi) : The year before last year
 来年 らいねん (Rainen) : Next year
 再来年 さらいねん (Sarainen) : The year after next year
 閏年 うるうどし (Urūdoshi) : Leap year
 毎年 まいとし (Maitoshi) : Every year

4- Examples

 今年は 2019 年です。


Kotoshi wa ni-sen jū kyū-nen desu.
This year is 2019.
 来年の 2020 年はうるう年です。
Rainen no ni-sen ni-jū-nen wa urūdoshi desu.
The next year of 2020 is a leap year.
 2005 年は平成 17 年です。
Ni-sen go-nen wa Heisei jū nana-nen desu.
2005 was year seventeen of the Heisei era.
 私は 2012 年に結婚しました。
Watashi wa ni-sen jū ni-nen ni kekkon shimashita.
I got married in 2012.

3. How to Say the Months in Japanese

1- Saying the Month in Japanese: Japanese Months

Using months and dates in Japanese is very simple. It follows this simple
pattern, without exception:

Name a number (1-12) of the month, and then just add 月 (gatsu), which is
a month counter meaning “month.”

How to
English Kanji Hiragana
read

1 January 一月 いちがつ ichi-gatsu

2 February 二月 にがつ ni-gatsu

3 March 三月 さんがつ san-gatsu


4 April 四月 しがつ shi-gatsu

5 May 五月 ごがつ go-gatsu

6 June 六月 ろくがつ roku-gatsu

7 July 七月 しちがつ shichi-gatsu

8 August 八月 はちがつ hachi-gatsu

9 September 九月 くがつ ku-gatsu

10 October 十月 じゅうがつ jū-gatsu

十一 じゅういちが
11 November jū ichi-gatsu
月 つ

十二
12 December じゅうにがつ jū ni-gatsu

In order to listen to the pronunciation of the months in Japanese, please


visit Talking about Months on our website.

2- Relative Vocabulary for the Month in Japanese

 今月 こんげつ (Kongetsu) : This month


 先月 せんげつ (Sengetsu) : Last month
 先々月 せんせんげつ (Sensengetsu) : Month before last month
 来月 らいげつ (Raigetsu) : Next month
 再来月 さらいげつ (Saraigetsu) : Next next month
 毎月 まいつき (Maitsuki) : Every month

3- Examples

私は六月生まれです。

Watashi wa roku-gatsu umare desu.
I was born in June.
 日本では四月に学校が始まります。
Nihon de wa shi-gatsu ni gakkō ga hajimarimasu.
School starts in April in Japan.
 私の誕生日は先月でした。
Watashi no tanjōbi wa sengetsu deshita.
My birthday was last month.
 今月は仕事が忙しいです。
Kongetsu wa shigoto ga isogashii desu.
This month is busy with work.

4. How to Say the Days in Japanese

1- Days

How to say the days of the month in Japanese is a bit more complicated.

The basic pattern for days and dates in Japanese is number + 日 (nichi),
which is a day counter meaning “day.”

All the dates are written in this pattern. However, when it comes to
reading, there are some exceptions and irregularities, indicated in blue in
the chart below.

The days, especially those from one to ten, have a unique reading which is
very different from ordinary Japanese Numbers. After eleven, it’s basically
read with regular numbers and 日 (nichi), except for fourteen, nineteen,
twenty, twenty-four, and twenty-nine.

It’s very common to use Arabic numerals to express dates, together with
the kanji 日 (nichi). For example: 1 日, 24 日, 30 日, etc.

Dates are also often written in Kanji, especially in official documents


and vertical writing scripts.

English Kanji Hiragana How to read

1st 一日 ついたち tsuitachi

2nd 二日 ふつ・か futsuka

3rd 三日 みっ・か mikka

4th 四日 よっ・か yokka

5th 五日 いつ・か vitsuka

6th 六日 むい・か muika

7th 七日 なの・か nanoka

8th 八日 よう・か yōka

9th 九日 ここの・か kokonoka

10th 十日 とお・か tōka

11th 十一日 じゅう・いち・にち jū ichi-nichi

12th 十二日 じゅう・に・にち jū ni-nichi

13th 十三日 じゅう・さん・にち jū san-nichi

14th 十四日 じゅう・よっ・か jū yokka

15th 十五日 じゅう・ご・にち jū go-nichi

16th 十六日 じゅう・ろく・にち jū roku-nichi

17th 十七日 じゅう・しち・にち jū shichi-nichi

18th 十八日 じゅう・はち・にち jū hachi-nichi

19th 十九日 じゅう・く・にち jū ku-nichi


20th 二十日 はつ・か hatsuka

二十一
21st に・じゅう・いち・にち ni-jū ichi-nichi

二十二
22nd に・じゅう・に・にち ni-jū ni-nichi

二十三
23rd に・じゅう・さん・にち ni-jū san-nichi

二十四
24th に・じゅう・よっ・か ni-jū yokka

二十五
25th に・じゅう・ご・にち ni-jū go-nichi

二十六
26th に・じゅう・ろく・にち ni-jū roku-nichi

二十七
27th に・じゅう・しち・にち nijū shichi-nichi

二十八
28th に・じゅう・はち・にち ni-jū hachi-nichi

二十九
29th に・じゅう・く・にち ni-jū ku-nichi

30th 三十日 さん・じゅう・にち san-jū-nichi

三十一 さん・じゅう・いち・に
31st san-jū ichi-nichi
日 ち

2- Relative Vocabulary for Days

 今日 きょう (Kyō) : Today


 昨日 きのう (Kinō) : Yesterday
 一昨日 おととい (Ototoi) : The day before yesterday
 明日 あした (Ashita) : Tomorrow
 明後日 あさって (Asatte) : The day after tomorrow
 毎日 まいにち (Mainichi) : Everyday
3- Examples

 今日は六月一日です。
Kyō wa roku-gatsu tsuitachi desu.
Today is June 1st.
五月五日は子供の日で、祝日です。

Go-gatsu itsuka wa kodomo no hi de, shukujistu desu.
May 5th is Children’s Day and it is a national holiday.
私の誕生日は二月二十日です。

Watashi no tanjōbi wa ni-gatsu hatsuka desu.
My birthday is February 20th.
 4 月 24 日の天気予報は雨です。
Shi-gatsu ni-jū yokka no tenki yohō wa ame desu.
The weather forecast on April 24th is rain.

The Japanese calendar often starts on Sunday.

5. How to Say the Days of the Week in Japanese


1- Days of the Week

How to say the days of the week in Japanese is simple. All of them are
named after elements and nature, and they all end with 曜日(yōbi) which
denotes a day of the week.

English Kanji Hiragana How to read Meaning

Monday 月曜 げつ よう gets-yōbi 月 means “moon”


日 び

火曜
Tuesday か ようび ka-yōbi 火 means “fire”

水曜 すい よう
Wednesday su- yōbi 水 means “water”
日 び

木曜 もく よう
Thursday moku-yōbi 木 means “wood”
日 び

金曜 きん よう
Friday kin-yōbi 金 means “gold”
日 び

土曜
Saturday ど ようび do-yōbi 土 means “earth”

日曜 にち よう
Sunday nichi-yōbi 日 means “sun”
日 び

In order to listen to the pronunciation of the days of the week in Japanese,


please visit Talking about Days on our website.

2- Relative Vocabularies of Week

“Week” in Japanese is 週 (shū).

 平日 へいじつ (Heijitsu) : Weekday


 週末 しゅうまつ (Shūmatsu) : Weekend
 今週 こんしゅう (Konshū) : This week
 先週 せんしゅう (Senshū) : Last week
 先々週 せんせんしゅう (Sensenshū) : Week before last week
 来週 らいしゅう (Raishū) : Next week
 再来週 さらいしゅう (Saraishū) : Next next week
 毎週 まいしゅう (Maishū) : Every week
3- Examples

 今週は金曜日が休みです。
Konshū wa kin-yōbi ga yasumi desu.
Friday is off this week.
 2 月 4 日は月曜日です。
Ni-gatsu yokka wa getsu-yōbi desu.
February 4th is Monday.
 来週の土曜日は結婚記念日です。
Raishū no do-yōbi wa kekkon kinenbi desu.
Saturday of next week is a marriage anniversary.
 月曜日から金曜日まで仕事で忙しいです。
Getsu-yōbi kara kin-yōbi made shigoto de isogashii desu.
I am busy with work from Monday to Friday.

Saturdays and Sundays are usually off at work and school in Japan, but
some schools have classes on Saturdays and some people work on
weekends.

6. Practical Phrases to Talk about Dates in Japanese


1- Appointments / Reservations

 2 月 14 日は何か予定ありますか。
Ni-gatsu jū-yokka wa nani ka yotei arimasu ka.
Do you have any plans for February 14th?
 土曜日と日曜日の週末なら空いています。
Do-yōbi to nichi-yōbi no shūmatsu nara aite imasu.
I am free on weekends, Saturday and Sunday.
 12 月 25 日に予約は取れますか。
Jū ni-gatsu ni-jū go-nichi ni yoyaku wa toremasu ka.
Can I make a reservation for December 25th?
 7 月 13 日に予約をお願いします。
Shichi-gatsu jū san-nichi ni yoyaku o onegai shimasu.
Please make a reservation for July 13th.

When you make an appointment or reservation, make sure you mention


the date in addition to the day of the week.

2- Asking / Answering Questions

今日は何日の何曜日ですか。

Kyō wa nan-nichi no nan-yōbi desu ka.
What day is it today?

今日は 3 月 10 日の日曜日です。
Kyō wa san-gatsu tōka no nichi-yōbi desu.
Today is March 10th and Sunday.

 あなたの誕生日はいつですか。
Anata no tanjōbi wa itsu desu ka.
When is your birthday?
私の誕生日は 8 月 7 日です。
Watashi no tanjōbi wa hachi-gatsu nanoka desu.
My birthday is August 7th.

 いつから学校が始まりますか。
Itsu kara gakkō ga hajimarimasu ka.
When does your school start?

私の学校は 4 月 1 日に始まります。
Watashi no gakkō wa shi-gatsu tsuitachi ni hajimarimasu.
My school starts on April 1st.

7. Conclusion: How JapanesePod101 Can Help You Learn More


Japanese

I hope this article about reading dates in Japanese is helpful for you to
improve your Japanese. The date is one of the most important counters
when it comes to numbers. There are a variety of Japanese counter
words for each object, action, or event that you should also learn.

If you’d like to learn more about the Japanese language, you’ll find more
useful content on JapanesePod101.com. We provide a variety of free
lessons for you to improve your Japanese language skills.

On our YouTube channel, you’ll enjoy learning the Japanese language by


watching videos and listening to actual Japanese pronunciation.
Before you go, let us know in the comments how you feel about reading
dates in Japanese now! Do you feel like you know your way around
Japanese calendar dates and saying dates in Japanese? Why not practice
telling dates in Japanese by dropping us a comment with today’s date?

We always look forward to hearing from you!

Posted by JapanesePod101.com in Japanese Culture, Japanese


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नयाँ भाषा सिक्ने क्रममा अभिवादनहरू सिक्नको लागि सबैभन्दा महत्त्वपूर्ण कु राहरू हुन्। जापानी
अभिवादन शब्द मात्र होइन...
जापानीमा 'धन्यवाद' कसरी भन्ने
धेरैजसो संस्कृ तिहरूमा, कु नै न कु नै रूपमा कृ तज्ञता व्यक्त गर्ने चलन छ। शब्दकोशले कृ तज्ञतालाई f...

जापानीमा अप्रिल फू ल दिवस कसरी मनाउने


प्रायः सबैलाई यस दिनसँग परिचित छ, किनकि यो संसारको लगभग सबै ठाउँ मा मनाइन्छ। यद्यपि,
वास्तवमा एपी कहिले ...

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अर्को पोस्ट हेर्नुहोस्

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एपहरू


ब्लगरोल


सामुदायिक स्पटलाइट

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हरेक दिन कान्जी


जापान अन्वेषण गर्नुहोस्


सामान्य घोषणाहरू

अनुसूचित रखरखाव
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