OBJECTIVES

“At the end the lesson I will be able to:

a. explain the meaning of disaster,
b. differentiate the risk factors underlying disaster
c. describe the effects of disaster on one’s life
 Basic concept of disaster and disaster risk

Why are you here?  Basic concept of disaster and disaster risk
 Exposure and Vulnerability

LEARN:  Basic concept of hazard

 Earthquake Hazards

DISASTER  Volcano Hazards

 Other related geological hazards

READINESS and  Hydrometeorological hazards

 Fire hazard

RISK  Concept of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
(DRRM)

REDUCTION  What to expect between the State and the

citizens
 DISASTER
A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society
involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses and impacts
which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope
using its own resources.
(Adelman, 2011)

From a socio-cultural perspective

 DISASTER
“Any occurrence that causes
(WHO)
damage,
ecological disruption,
loss of human life,
deterioration of health services on a scale,
sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from
outside the affected community or area.”
 DISASTER
“An occurrence either nature or man made that causes
human suffering and
creates human needs that victim cannot
alleviate without assistance.”
(American Red Cross)
 DISASTER
“ A sudden, calamitous event, bringing
great damage,
loss,
destruction and
devastation
to life and property”
(Asian Disaster Preparedness Center- ADPC, 2012)
 DISASTER
“ Something that happens suddenly and causes
much suffering or loss to many people.”

“Something that has a very bad effect or results.”

“A complete or terrible failure.”

(Merriam-Webster)
 DISASTER
TWO TYPES NATURAL DISASTER

MAN-MADE or HUMAN Man-made

INDUCED DISASTER disasters
Man-made disasters are the are examples of
consequence of technological specific cases
or human hazards where man-made
stampedes,
hazards
EXAMPLE: fires,
transport accidents, (ex: Terrorism)
industrial accidents,
oil spills,
have become
Nuclear explosions/radiation. reality in an event.
and War and deliberate attacks
 DISASTER
TWO TYPES NATURAL DISASTER A natural disaster is a consequence when a natural hazard
affects humans and/or the built environment.

Human vulnerability, and lack of appropriate

MAN-MADE or HUMAN emergency management, leads to financial,
environmental, or human impact.
INDUCED DISASTER
The resulting loss depends on the capacity of the
population to support or resist the disaster:
their resilience.
This understanding is concentrated in the formulation:
"disasters occur when
hazards meet vulnerability".

A natural hazard will hence never result in a

natural disaster in areas without vulnerability.
 DISASTER
vulnerability -is the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset
that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.
There are many aspects of vulnerability, Examples may include:
arising from various poor design and construction of buildings,
physical, inadequate protection of assets,
social, lack of public information and awareness,
economic, limited official recognition of risks and preparedness measures,
and environmental factors. and disregard for wise environmental management.

It varies significantly within a community and over time, and is closely connected to:
socioeconomic status, age, gender, health and disabilities.
 Basic concept of disaster and disaster risk
WHEN A HAZARD BECOMES A DISASTER?
It suffocates our ability to recover
Only then it could be called as a ‘disaster’.

DISASTER
I
S -a crisis situation
'Disaster is a HAZARD
A
S
VULNERABLE
causing wide
POPULATION
crisis situation T
E
spread damage
that far exceeds
R
which far exceeds
the capabilities.’ our ability to recover.
(Quarentelly, 1985)