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info

ilF]
H t
Er
It
r.i
U
3 Data hlandling

Understandlng the Lesson

Data: Discrete and continuous data
Frequency distribution table
Range ofthe set ofdata
Relative frequency
Grouped fr equency distribution
Class-interval, upper lirnit and lower Iimit
Class size, class-mark al'd class frequeucy
Drawing bar graph, histogram and pie chart to represent the data
Probability: Possible and impossible events
Es imating probability by experiments.

Conceptual Facts
" tr)ata: Collection ofinformation as numerical facts about the objects or events is called Data.
o -t'ypes of Data: Discrete
and continuous.
o Frequc.ncl.: The number oftimes each score occrrrs is called frequency.
" ltange: The difference between the great€st and the least observations is called the Ra-nge.
" Relatit'e Flequt'ncy: The ratio of the frequency of each item to the sum of all frequencies is called
Relative frequency.

Frequency of an o bject
Relative frequency =
Total frequency
" Class-size: Difference between upper and lower limits ofa class interval is called class-size.
. Class-mark: Mid value of class interval is caled its class-mark.

,
Urass-inilrd =
Upper timit + Lower limit
2
. Class-frequency: The frequenry ofa particular class-int€rval is called class-frequency.
e Bar Graph: Horizontal and vertical
. Histogr'am; Horizontal and vertical
o Pie chart: Pie chart is a way of representing the data in the form ofsectors ofa circle.
Value of the component
Central angle for a sector = x 360
Total value

58

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Tnv THese - Paoe 7'l

Q2. Chlldren Sohool A Ebhool B School C
Draw an appropriate graph to represent the given who prefer
information.
$qlking 40 66 16

Q1. Number of 36
lllonth watohee Bold
Cycling 46 26

July 1000 SoL Double Bar-graph

August 1600 Y Scale on y.aris
1 ct! = 10 ulitg
Soptember 1600 r7o
October 2000 l.o
November 2600 360
.b
December 1600 ;40
3 F
€ro !?
Sol.
Y Scale ou y-axis 2ro !
E
E
E
il q

1 cm = 200 ufts 10
(J (J ()
2600 B F
2400 School Schol Schol x
A BC
2200 Schoole -----------.>

2000 Q3. Percentage wins in ODI by 8 top crig[st, t€sms.

1800 Team-e trlon Champions Last 10
1 trophy to World OIrI Lu (}7
1600 Cur(ts
1400 South A.&ica 76Eo 7gEo
A
1200 Australia 617o 40?o
B
1000 Sri I.qnLe M%o 38Co
ci
z E00 New Zealand 47% 5O4o

England 4$7o 50sa

600 E
E PakistPn 457o 44?o
,*00 -8 E

7
2
z o
I Wegt Indies 4% 3O7o
200
India 43% 56Eo
x
Month ----------->

Sol. Double Bar-graph

Y

100
PerceDtagB witl i-E ODI by 8 t p cricket t€aE
r9oI
lao Scalo on y-axis
I

s70 I cm = loo/o
5
960
8. oo
.2 so
Bso e
s
20
Ia i ? E ? ?
o
.a ?
o
?
s
<t ?
B e
10
F o B o o B B B
=
South Australia Sri Lartka New EDglaDd Pakistsn Woet India
Africa Zosland Inqieg
CourrtrY'Teams

DATA HANDLING -_> 59

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Tnv Tuese - Paae72 Sol. From the given table, we have
Ql. A group of students were asked to say which (i) The size ofthe class intervals is 25
animal they would like most to have as a pet. (ii\ 200-225 has the highest frequency 140
The result are given below. (iii) 300-325 has the lowest frequency 20.
dog, cat, cat, fish, cat, rabbit, dog, cst, rabbit, (iu) Upper limit of 250-275 is 275
dog, cat, dog, dog, dog, cat, cow, fish, rabbit, dog,
(u) Classes 150_175 and,225-250 have the same
cat, dog, cat, cat, dog, rabbit, cat, fish, dog.
frequency 55.
Make a frequency distribution table for the
Q2. Construct a frequency distribution table for the
same.
data on weighLs (in kg) of20 students of a class
Sol. Animale Tally marke Fbequoncy using intervals 3(H35, 35-40 and so on.
40, 38, 33, 48, 60, 53, 31, 46, 34,36, 49, 4r, 55,
Dog NW 10 49,65, 42, 44, 47,38, 39
Cat M!fr 10 Sol. fYsquglsy distribution table:
Fish ilt Weight Tally marke FrequeacSr
Rabbit lilt 4
(htgl
30-35
Cow I I
35-40 ilil 4
Totol
4045 Ill 4
Tnv Txese - Paoe 73 45-60 W 5
Ql. Study the following frequency distribution table 50-56 1
and answer the questions given below.
55-60 I
Frequency Distribution of Daily Iacome of
550 workers of a factory 60-65 l
65-70 l
Class Interval tr'requency
(Da y Income in t) (Numbsr of Workers) Total 20

100-125 45
Tnv Tnese - Pace 75
125-160 26
Ql. Observe the histogra.m and n.ower the questions
150-175 55 given below:
175-200 125 Y
200_226 140 7
1 7
225-250 65
25U275 35 5
275-300 50 4
4

300-325 20 fi 3
3

Total 2
660 2
zd 1 1
(j) \{hat is the size ofthe class intervals? t
(ii) Which class has the highest frequency? 0
126 130 136 r40 146 t60 165 160 x
(iii) Which class has the lowest frequency? Heights io cm -------------r

(lu) What is the upper limit ofthe class-interval

(i) What information is being given by the
250-275?
histogrsmf
(u) Which two classes have the same fiequenry?
(ii) Which group contains maximum girls?

60 MATHEMANC$VIII

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(iii) How many girls have a height of 1115 cm and Sol. (i) The above histogram repreaents tJ:e height
more? (in cm) of the girls of class VII.
(iu) If we divide the girls into the following three (ii) Group 140-145 contains the maximum
categories, how maoy would there be in each? number of girls.
ald more Group A
(iii) Seven girls have a height of 145 cm and more.
150 cm -
(iu) Number of girls in Group A = 3
140 cm to lessthan 150 cm - Group B
Group B = 11
Less than 140 cm -Group C
Group C = 6

..EXEBCJSEgd
Ql. For which of these would you use a histogra-m WMWGWMGWMMBGGW
to show the data? Ma.ke a frequency distribution table using tally
(j) The number of letters for different areas in marks. Draw a bar graph to illustrate it.
a postman's bag.
(ii) The height of competitors in an athletics Sol. Shoppere Tally marks Frequenc'5r
meet. M nfi[ilw 16
(iii) The number of cassettes produced by 5
companies. w iltMlitilfiM 28
(iu) The number of passengers boarding trains B llt 5
from 7 a.m to 7 p.m at a station.
Give reason for each.
G l,fif [f I
72

Sol. (i) Number of areas ca-n-not be represented in Totol 60

class-intervals. So, we cannot use histogram Bar Graph
to show the data.
(ji) Height of competitors can be divided into
intervals. So, we can use histogram here.
For exanple:
^60
I

,50 Scale on ,-axis

1 clo = 10 units
Eeight iE (sm) No. of compotitors
8ao
r50-160 10
2a
160-170 L2 ts30
170-180 5 420
E 15
180-190 2 zto 12

(iii) Comp"niescannot be tlivided into intervals. I

So, we cannot use histogram here. MWBG
(iu) Time for boarding the traia can be divided Category of shoppers -----------)
into inten'als. So, we can use histogram here. Q3. The weekly wages (in () of 30 workers in a
For example: factory are:
Timo in hours Nunb€r of paasongors 830, 836, 890, 810, 835, 836, 869, 845, 898, 890,
820, 860, 832, 833, 855, 845, 804, 808,812, UO,
7 am-10 am 1500
886, 835, 835, 836, 878, 840, 868, 890, 806, 840
10 aE-l pm 2000
Using tally marks make a frequency table with
1 pm-4 pm 1000 intervals as 800-810, 810-820 and so on.
4 pE-7 pE 800
Sol. Class-hterYalg Tally marke Frequency
Q2. The shoppers who come to a departmetrtal store
are marked as: man (M), woman (W), boy (B) or 800-810 ilt

girl (G). The following list gives the shoppers 81H20 il

who came during the frst hour i-n the morning. 82H30 I 1

WWWGBWWMGGMMWWWW 830-a40 ffi 9

GBMWBGGMWWMMWWW 840-460 IN 5
MWBWGMWWWWGWMMW
DATA HANDLING 61

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Y
860-860 1

860-A70 3
870-a80 1 32
880-890 1
2A
890-900 II 4
Total 30 24
22

Q4. Draw a histogram for the frequency table made

I 20
a
for the data in Question 3, and answer the
following questions: €
(i) Which group has the maximu-m number of 12
d
workers? z E 8
8
(ii) How many workers earn ? 850 and more? 6
4
(iii) How many workers earrr less than { 860? 4

Sol. Refer to the frequency table of Question No. 3.

1234667 x
Y Hours of TV \Patahed p€r day
Sca.le on r-axig --->
10 lcm=1u.Eit
Sol. (i) 32 is the maximum number of students who
watched TV for 4 to 5 hours.
8 (ii) 4 + 8 + 22 = 34 students watched TV for less
7 than 4 hours.
(iii) 8 + 6 = 14 students watched TV for more than
B
6 5 hours.
d
z 4
Tav THese - Pree 78
Qf. Each ofthe following pie charts below, gives you
a diferent piece ofinformation about your class.
I Find the fraction ofthe circle representing each
of these infomation.
rDio(Dca.a.n6
JJJJJJJ
oi6rco\f16(6
(D@@@co6c6
JJJ
Girls Wa.lk
\fleekly *ages ffio/" 4Uo/o
Cycle
(i) Group 830-440 has the maximum number 20./.
Boy"
of workers, i.e., 9. 600/0
Bua or @t
(ii) 10 workers earn equal and more than ( 850. 40o/o

(iii) 20 workers earn less than { 860. Girls or Boye TtaDsIErt to sahool
Q5. The number of hours for which students of (r) (it)
a particular class watched television during
holidays is shown throtgh the given graph.
Iovo
Answer the follovring questions.
(i) For how many hours did the maximum
number of students watch TW
(ii) How many students watched TV for less the''
4 hours? (iit)
(i j j) How many students spent more tha-n 5 hours
in watching TW Sol.
60 1
100 2

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Tnv Tsese - Pnce 81

ct"k= # =; Ql. Draw a pie chart ofthe data given below
2
(;;)S*or*= The time spent by a child during a day.
# 5 Sleep- 8 hours
**= # =; School - 6 hours
Homework-4houn
# =t7i
"r"*= 86 - 4 hours
Play
Uii) lnve = Others - 2 hours
100 = 20
Sol. Acdvity Nunber In Contral
nrt"= -F =
3
r00 20 of hours ftactlon angle
Q2. Answer the following questions based on the pie 81
Sleep 8 !x360" = 120"
chart given below. 243 3
(i) Which type of programmes are viewed the
most?
61 1
x 360' = 90"
Schml o
244
(ii) Which two types of programmes have 4
number of viewer€ equal to those watching Home 4 1x360"=60"
work 4 1
sporls channels? 24 6 6
lnformative
loca
4 1 1x 360'
Play 4 = 60"
24 6 6
News
1E?o
Others 2
21 ax360'=30"
24 t2 12
EEtortaiD.meEt
60q. Total 24 houre

Pl€ chart
Sport8
26qo

Sleep 20')
Viewers watahiag difrercnt
types of channelE oE TV.

Sol. (i) Entertainment programmes are viewed et8 (80.)

most. (507o viewers)
(ii) Percentage ofviewers watching sprts = 257o
Percentage of viewers watching news and
informative channel= lo?o + LEVo = 25Vo
Hence news and informative viewers are
same in number as that of sports channel.

.elEBglse s'z I

Ql. A survey was made to frrd the t5rpe of music S€ oi.ctagsica.I

2oo/o
that a certain group of young people liked in a
city. A{oi.ing pie chart shows the findingp of
this survey.
Ijgbt
Fmm this pie chart answer the following: Classic€t 400/0
100/.
(i) If20 people liked classical nusic, how many
young people were surveyed?
(ii) Which type of music is liked by the maximum
number of people? Folk
so%

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(iii) If a cassette company were to make 1000 Sol. (i) Winter season got the most votes, i.e. 150
CD's. How many of each type would they
make? ui) Ssason Number Cenhal angle
of vot€s
Sol. (i) Number ofyoung people who were surveyed
9o
100 x 20 Summer 90 x 360' = 9o'
= 10 = 2oo PeoPle' 360

120
(ii) Light music is liked by the merimum people, Rainy 120 x go0" = tzo'
360
i.e.,4OVo
(iii) Total number of CD = 1000 Winter 160 1!9,366" = 156.
360
.'. Number of viewers who like classical music Total s60
l0 x 1000
= r00 = 100 (iii) Pie chart

Number of viewer who like semi-cla.ssical

20 x 1000
music = -16o- =200
Rainy
r20:
Number of rriewers who like light music
40 x 1000
= -l00 =noo
Wiater
160.
Number of viewers who like folk music
x 1000
=-30 loo =3oo Q3. Draw a pie chart Bhowing the following
information. The table shows the colours
Q2. A gmup of 360 people were asked to vote for preferred by a group of people.
their favourite season from the three seasona
rainy, winter and grrmmer. Colours Number of Peoplo
Blue 18
Season No. ofvotes
Green

I
R€d 6
Summer 90
Yellow 3
Total 36
Sol, Table to fr:d the central angle ofeach sector
7 \
Raiay t20 Colours Nrmberof Cenhal angle
PeopIe
Blue 18 E x360" = 180'
36

Green 9 3 x360" = 90"

Wi!ter 36
160
Red o rru0" = uo"
,a9

(i) Which season got the most votes? Yellow 3 4x360"=30'

(ii) Find tJ:e central angle of each sector. 36

(iii) Draw a pie chart to show this information. Totsl 88

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(ii) Marks obtained in Mathematics

90
Blue
180.
= 360 x 540 = 135
.'. Marks obtaircd in Mathenatics more than
Ydlow
Hindi=135-105=30
Gteea 30. (iii) Central angle of Social Science
90" Red + Mathematics
60'
= 65' + 90' = 155'
Central a.ngle ofScience + Hindi
[)-1. The following pie chart gives the marks scored in = 80' + 70' = 150'
.'. Marks obtained in Social Science and
an examination by a student in Hindi, English,
Mathematics, Social Science and Science. Ifthe Mathematics are more than that of the
total marks obtained by the students were 540, marks obtained in Science and Hindi.
answer the following questions. (J5. The number of students in a hostel, spegking
different languages is given below. Display the
data in a pie chart.
LaDgusge Number of students
Hhdi 40
English t2
Marathi I
Taoil 7
Bengali 4

Total 72
Ilindi
(i) In which subject did the student score 105 Sol. Languag€ Number of Qgatral ongls
marks? stEdonts
(rrinh for 540 marks, the central angle = 9x360"=200"
HiEdi 44
360'. So, for 106 marks, what is the central 72
angle?)
(ii) How many more marks were obtained by the English 12 I x360'= 60'
72
student in Mathe6stigs hen in Hindi?
Marathi I 9x360'=45'
(iii) Examine whether the sum of the marks 72
obtained in Social Science and Mathematics
is more than that in Science and Hindi. 4x360'=35"
fqmil 7 72
(Eint: Just study the central angles).
Bengali 4 1x360'=20"
Sol. Subjects Central angles 72
Mathematics 90' Total 72
English 56'
Hindi 70" Hi!di
Science 80' 200.

S. Science 66'
Bengali
(i) For 540 marks, the central angle = 360" 20"
.'. For 105 marks the central angle
360 English 35"
= x toa = 70"
540 Marathi
46.
.'. Correspontling subject = Ilindi (Pte chart)

DATA HANDLING 65

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fnY TsEse - Paoe 83 Sol. Possible outcomes are white ball, red ball,
Q 1 . Ifyou try to start a scooter, what are the possible blue ball, green ball or yellow ball. (Total five
outaomes? outcomes)
Sol. There are two possible outcomes.
Tcv Tsrsr
(i) Scooter can start - Peer 86

(jj) Scooter can not start Ql. Suppose you spin the wheel.
(i) List the nu.mber of outcomes of getting a
Q2. When a die is thrown, what are the six possible green sedor and not getting a green sector
outcomes?
on t.I".is wheel.
Sol. When a die is thrown, there are six possible
outcomes, i,e.,7,2,3,4,5 or 6 numbers. (Total
six outcomes)
Q3. When you spin the wheel
shown alongside, what
are the possible outcomes?
LiBt them
(Outcome means the
sector at which the pointer (ii) Find the pmbability ofgetting a green sector.
stops). (riD Find the probability of not getting a green
Sol. When the given wheel is spun, the following sector.
sectors may get the pointer A B or C. (Total Sol. (i) Number ofoutcomes ofgetting green sector
three outcomes)
= Number ofgreen sector = 5
Q-1. You have a bag with frve identical balls of Number of outcomes of getting Don green
different colours and you are to pull out (draw) sector =
a ball without looking at it. List the outcomeg Number ofnon green sector = 3
you would get. Total No. of sectors = 8
(ii) Probability of getting gr een sector =
Number ofgreen sector 5
Total number of sector 8
(iij) Probabfity ofDot getting a gre"., I
-538 "".to, =
Orl--=-
88

Qf. List the outcomes you can see in these HH,HT,TH,TT

experiments. (Where H denotes Head and T denotes Tail)
(i) Spi.nrring a wheel
G)2. When a die is throwa, list the outcomes of an
event ofgetting
(i) (a) a prime number
(b) not a prime number
(il) (a) a number greater than 5
(b) a number not greater than 5
Sol. (i) (o) Prime number are 2, 3 and E
.'. Required outcomes = 2, 3 and E
(6) Outcomes for not a prime number are l,
(jj) Tossing two coins together
4and6
Sol. (i) On spinning the wheel, we can get the .'. Required outcomes = 1, 4, 6.
following outcomes B, C, D, E and A
(ii) (o) Outcomes for a number greater than b
(li) When two coins are tossed together, we get
the following outcomes
=6
.'. Required outcome = 6

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(b) Outcomes for a number not great€r thatr (ii) Probability of getting a number less than 6
6 are 1,2,3, 4, 6 61 ['.' Numbers ]ess than 6
.. Required outcomes = 1,2,3,4,5. l0 2
Q3. Find the ere L,2,3,4,51
(l) Probability of the pointer stopping on D in (iii) Probability ofgetting a number greater than
(Question 1{o))? l,
(ii) Probability of getting an ace from a well
6 = 10- = ; t'.' Number greater than 6

shufled deck of52 playing cards? are 7, 8, 9, 101

(iii) Probabfity ofgetting a red apple. (see figure
(iu) Probability ofgetting a l-digit nr-U.. =
below) ft
['.' l-digit n"mbers are 9, i.e.
1,2,3, 4, 5,6,7 ,8,9l
Q5. If you have a spiming wheel with 3 green
sectors, 1 blue sector and 1 red sector, what is
the probability ofgetting a green sector? What
is the probability of getting a non blue sector?
Sol. Total number of sectors are
=3green+lblue+lred
Sol. (i) Refer to fig. Question l-(o)
= 5 sectors
Total nurnber of sectors = 5 ofgetting a green sector
.'. Probability
Number of sector where the pointer stops = Number ofgreen sectors 3
l, i.e. D = T"ttI *.t * = E
"r-b"t "f
Number of non-blue sectors are
.'. Probability of pointer stopping at D = | =Sgreeu +lred
(ii) Number of aces = 4 (one from each suit i.e.
= 4 sestor€
heart, diamond, club and sPade)
.'. Probability ofgetting non-blue sector
f61sl lrrmlg1 sf playing cards = 52
.. Probability of getting an ace Nunber ofnon-blue sectors 4
= - T"t"[,r-b". t""t"* = 5
Number of aces "f
Q6. FiDd the probabilities of the events given in
Total number of playing cards
Question 2.
4l
Sol. Refer to Question 2, we have
52 13
(iif) Tota] n"mber of apPles = 7 (i) (a) Probability of getting a prime number
Number ofred aPPIeB = 4 Number of Prime numbers
.'. Probability of getting red apples - Total number of outcomes
Number ofred aPPles 4 31
= Tot"l n"mb* =7 62
"fappks getting non-prime mrmber
Q4. Numbers I to 10 are written on t€n separate ) Probability
(b of a

slips (one number on one slip), kept in a box Number of non-prime numbers
and mixed well. One slip is choosen from the box Total number of outcomes
*i1tro.11 lseking into it. What i8 the probability 31
of:
(i) getting a n"mber 6?
62
(li) (o) Probability of getting a number greater
(ii) getting a number less than 6?
1
(iii) getting a number greater than 6? thanS=
6
(iu) getting a 1-digit number?
(b) Probability ofa number not greater than
Sol. (i) Probability of getting a number 6
-b.ID or, r-6 =
b=
I 6 6.
10

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LearningMoreQ&A
l. Venv Sxonr Arirswen (VSA) Quesrrons Sol. Sample space n(S) = 21 + 9 = 30
Ql. In the class interval S-10, find the Ntmber of gir.ls z(E) = 9
(i) lower limit (ij) upper limil (i) Probability ofselecting a girl
(iii) class mark (iu) class size z(E) 9 3
Sol. limit = 5
(i) lower n(S) 30 10
(ii) uPPer limil = 19 (ii) Probability ofselecting a boy

(rrr) claas mark

. _l_
5+10 15 z(E) 21. 7
= =, =l.S n(s) 30 10
(iu) Class size = l0-5=5 Q6. The following pie chart depicts the percentage
Q2. A gmup of20 studenLs recorded their heighLs ofstudents, nationwise. What is the percentage
(in cm). The data received were as given below. of(i) Indian students (ji) African students?
What is the range?
150, 120, 712,760,155, 151, 758,142,148, 149,
161, 165, 140,157,156, 146, 148, 153, 138, 135 American
90'
Sol. The minimum height = ll2 cm Iadisn
Madmrrm height = 165 cm 180. Africal
.'. Rarge = Maximum height 45.

- Minimum height
=165cm-l72cm=47cm
Q3. In the given pie chart, which colour is most
popular? Which colour is the least popular? Sol, (i) Percentage of lndian students

Yellow = ,*180 x 100

= uo'"
(ii) Percentage of African students
Red BIue

_ 4bxl00
Green
White
360 =p!q^
2-
Snonr Auswen (SA) Quesrrolls
Sol. Red colour is most popular and blue colour is
the least popular. Q7. Fill in the blnnks:
Q4. A die is thrown once. Find the probability of Wotghts iD kg Class.nark
getting a number greater than 4.
10-16
Sol. Number greater than 4 = 5, 6
..n(E)=2 t5-20
Sample space z(S) = 6 20-26
. . Probability ofgetting a number great€r than 25--30
.n(E\2t
30--35
tr(S) 6 3
Where z(E): Number of favourable outcomes 35-40
n(S): Total number of outcomes Sol. Class-marks are
Q5. A class consisLs of21 boys and g girls. A stuilent Class-mark
is to be selected for social work. Find the
Upper limit + Lower limit
probability that
(i) a girl is selected
10+15 _25--z
(ri) a boy is selected
22 = i2.5

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15+20 35 Debradua
m Dolhi
2 = z=lt's
20+25 45 I 60

, = T=22's O 40

4# =f; =zt.s
4
30

,rf = ff=ns E
F
20

IO
35+40 75
2 = z =lt's March April May
Month ----------->
June x
. Value of the blank spaces are
(ii) What was the average monthly t€mp€rature
Weights in kg Clasg.Eark in Dehradun in (o) March (6) April (c) May
(d) June?
10-15 72.5
(iii) What was the average monthly temperature
75-20 17.5
in Delhi for the whole 4 months?
20-26 22.6 (iu) In which month was the difference between
2H0 27.5 the temperature of Delhi and Dehradun
maximum and how much?
30-35 32.5
Sol. (j) 1 cm block on vertical axis = 10'C
35-40 37.5 (ii) The average monthly temperature in
Dehradun in the month of
Q8. Construct a frequency table for the following
marks obtained by 50 students using equal (a) March was 25"C (b) April was 34'C
intervals taking 16-24 (24 rl.ot inchtded) as one (c) May was 40'C (d) June was 36'C
of the class-intervals. (iii) The average monthly temperature in Delhi
52, 16, 18, 20,42, 8,39,38,54,58,47,37,26, in the 4 months
16,42,49,36, 35, 53, 2L,30,43,56,34,33, 17, Temperature of
22,24,37, 47, 40, 50, 54,56, 54,36,38, 42, M, (March + April + May + June)
66, 17, 18, 22, 24, r7, 8, 58, 23, 29, 68 4
30'C+40'C+45"C+50"C
Class- Tally narks Frequercy
interval 4
165'c
16-24 lltt []f 1l
t2 - 4 = 41.26"c

24-32 (iu) Difference between the average monthly

llt 5
temperature of Delhi and Dehradun was
32.40 11.t1 ln{ 10 maximum in the month of June, i.e. (50"-
36') = 14'C.
40-4 Jltl ill 8
Qf0. The following table represents the number of
4H6 1.11f I I
8 students in a school playing six different games.
Gamos Numbsr of etudents
56-64 MI 7
Hockey t76
Total 60
Football 200
Q9. T1re double bar graph shows the average montl y Cricket 160
temperatures oftwo sities over 4 months period.
Tennis 50
Read the graph carefully and answer the
Squash 75
queshions given below:
(i) What does each 1 cm block on the vertical Badmhton 40
axis represent? Present the above i::formation on a bar graph.

DATA HANDLING 69

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Sol. Nuaber of students itr a schol

playing diffor€Et gaEes Sol Colour Nu.mber of balls Cenhal Angle
200 Scale oD y-axis
1 cE = 60 students t2
t 160 n€d 72
17x360o=30.
E 18
sE Yellow 18
100 fux360'=a5"
E
d F
2 50
,q
trl 28
Blue 28 -:---x360'=70"
8 8
o b IM
Games x 42
Green 42 x 360' = 105'
-----> 144
QI 1 . Prepare a grouped frequency table for the given
histogram. 44
White 44
Y 144x360'=110'

^60
I
a4O 70" Blue
E
3so 30' R€d
36 30 45 40
t20 106" Green
d
2n 16
110" Whit€
10
o t6 20 25 30 36 40 46
Salaries (in thou8and rupe€s) --------' Plo chart

Q13. Mrs. Verma spends her allowance in the

Sol. S8'I,ary (ln thopacnd l) Number of Employeo following way.
t6-20 35 Items P€rcotrt
20_25 30 Lunch 26%

26-30 46 Hobby 20?o

30-35 Recreations 40?o

40
Saving 169o
36-40 10
Total 7OO9o
40-45 16
Represent the above information by a pie chart.
Q12. A bag contaiui 144 coloured balls represented
by the following table. Draw a pie chart to show Sol. Itsmg P€rcoDt Ceahal engle
this information.
Lurch 257a 25
Colour Number of balls ,*x360'=90'
Red 72 Hobby 20?o 20
Yellow 18 ioo=x360'=72"
Blue 28 Recr€ations 4O7o 40
Greeu
155x360.=14a.
42
White M Saving t6% 16
100x360"=64'

70 MAfiEMANCS-VIII

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(i) a black card
(ii) a black Ling
Hobby
72"
Lunch (lii) an ace
90.
(iu) a card of diamond
Sol. Here, z(S) = 52
Saviag
RecreatioEr 64" (i) Total number ofblack card = 26
144'
... n(E) = 26
. . Probability ofgetting a black card

z(E) 26 1
Q14. What is the probability of getting a marble z(s) 52 2
which is not red from a bag containing 3 black,
(ji) Number of blsgk king = !
8 yellow, 2 red and 5 white marbles.
.'. n(E\ = 2
Sol. Total number of balls
.. Probability of getting a black king
= 3 black + 8 yellow + 2 red + 5 whit€
n(E)2L
=18 z(s) 52 26
.. z(S) = 18 (iii) Number of aces = 4
Number of the balls which are not red .'. n(E) = 4
=3+8+5=16 . . Probability of getting an ace
.. z(E) = 16 z(E) 4 I
. . Probabfity z(s) 62 13
n(E) 16 8 1;p) N,rmber of diamond cards = 13
z(s) 18 I .'. z(E) = 13
.'. Probability of getting a card of diamond
Ql5. From a well shuffied deck of62 playing cards, a
card is selected at ra-ndom. Find the probability z(E) 13 I
of getting z(s) 52 4

Test Yourself
l. Venv Ssonr ANSwER (VSA) Quesrtons Q5. The following data represent the pocket
allowance (in ?) of40 students. Form a freguency
Q1. A die is rolled once. Find the probability of
distributiou table having class-intewal 16-24
getting a number
(24 not included)
(i) 7 (ii) less than 7
(iii) prime numbers (iu) even numbers 39, 49, 61, L7,28, 19, 49, 52, 6r, 50, 20,24, 18,
Q2. A spinner is marked with 32,38, 48, 46,23,24,29, t7 ,22,24,62, 56,65,
numbers from I to 8. What 21, 31, 41, 43, 52, 67 , 47 , 38, 39, 40, 46,27 , 62,
is the probability ofgetting 52
(i) multiple of 3 Q6. Following is the representation of some
(ii) getting a prime number information. Fil] i-n the blanks:
(iii) a multiple of 2
Q3. Two coins are tossed IteEs PerceDt Central angle
togBther, find the pmbabilitY A 2Q/o
of getting
(i) both heads B BOSa

(ii) both tails C 167o

(iii) at least one head
D 25qa
Q4. ln the class-interval 28-32, find
(i) lower limit (ii) uPPer Iimit E lo9o
(iii) class-mark (iu) class size

DATA HANDLING 71

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tl . 5lloF-i ANSWTR (SA) QLrr.ri,:rr.rs (i) What is the total amount spent on sports?
(|?. (ii) How much amount is spent on hockey?
Meena secured marks in different subjects as
shown in the following table. (jii) What is the pmount spent on cricket?
()l l. The pie chart given below shows the result of
SuUiects Markg a survey carrid out to find the modes oftravel
English 35 used by the children to go to school. Study the
pie chart and
Computer 45 "nswer the questions that follow.
(NCERT Exemplar)
Science 40
Maths 60
Social Science 60
Bue
Represent the above information by bar graph. 120"
(.)1.1. Scholarship of students in a class are given in Cycle
the following table:

Amouat of Taxi wdk

Numbor of students
Scholoarehtp (ln ()
1000-1600 8 (a) What is the most common mode of transport?
1600-2000 10 (b) What fraction of children travel by car?
2000-2500 6 If 18 children travel by car, how many
(c)

2600-3000 children took part in the survey?

72
(d) How many children use taxi to travel to
s000-3600 t6 school?
3500-4000 6 (e) By which two modes of tuansport are equal
Represent the above information by a histogram. number of childreo 5t'gysllin g?
(
,It). The expenditure ofa family on various heads is ()12" In a district, the mrmber ofbranches ofdifferent
given in the following table: banks is given below:
Eead Erpendtture (tn t) BanL Stats Bonk of Purjab Canara
Bnntr of Baroda National f,onlr
Rent 4rc00 hdia Bark
Education 8000 Number of
Branches 30 t7 15 10
Food 6000
Clothing 2000 Draw a pie chart ofthis data.
Miscella.neous 4000 (NCERT Ercmplar)
Total 24000 ( J I :1. Ankit bought
2 packs ofred pens, 1 pack ofblue
Represent the above data by pie chart. pens, and 3 packs of black pens. The red pen
pack have 4 pens each. The blue pen packs and
rr 1 . A pie chart given below represents the anount
spent on different sports by a school in a certain the black pen packs have B pens each. He places
year. If the money spent on football is { 9000, his all pens in a pen holder. What is Ankit,s
answer the following questions: probability of picking a red pen from the pen
holder?
Foot (Ii-l. In the given figure, there are equal sized tiles
ball numbered from I to 6 in a box. A tile is drawn
H@key out from the box at random. Match the events
100' with iLs probabilities.
1 6 2
Cricket 6 2
160"
5 4
3 3

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Events Probabllities Qr5. A dice is rolled once. What is the probabfity that
the number on top will be (NCERT Exzmplar)
(i) getting a 3 2 (a) Odd (b) Greater than 5
(a)
n (c) A multiple of3 (d) l,ess than 1
(ll) getting a 4 or 5 (b) (e) A factor of36 (fl A factor of6
+
I Q16. Ritwik draws a ball from a bag that contains
(jli) getting a I (c) white and yellow balls. The probability of
,
(iu) getting a number not 6 a whit€ bal is ? . ff tne totat mrmber of
chmsins*9
(,,*
bolla in the bag is 36, find the nunber ofyellow
(u) gBtting a I or 3
4 balls. (NCERT Exemplar)
te)
n
ANSWERS

r. (,) 0 (,, I .... I ..I

ltu) rr. (o)Bus @)i (c)72 (46
\tLL)
, ,
(e) car and walk
1 I 1
z.{Do UD, oii),
1 I 3
12. 13.:2lr
State BaD.k
3. {i\ Git {iii) India
n a o of
160'
4. G)28 (ii) 32 (rrD 30 Gu) 4
Ca-Es-ra

t6-24 8 Bank of BaDk

5 Batoda Puaja
24-32 7 86. ational
Ban.k
32-r'J) 5 76'
40-]a 6 M. (i) (e) (ii) (a) (iii) (b) (iu) (c)
4a-66 7 (u) (d)
6ffi4 6 1 ..2 I
64-72 2
15. h\ :1 (b)
6
(c)
'63-or-
2

6. 72" 108" 54" 90" 36' ,.6

(e, (o
42
(d) 0 '' - 6 oo"5
10. (i) { 72000 (iix 20000 (ii, { 32000 16.28

lnterna! Assessment
Q1. Fill in the blanks: (u) A die is rolled once. Ttre probability ofgetting
a number less than 7 is
(i) If the chance of winning a game l" j , tfr".,
(ui) A die is rolled once. The probability ofgetting
the probability of losing is prime numberis
(ii) Probability of an event is always equal or Choose the corect answer€:
Q2,
less than (i) The size ofthe class 4G-50 is
(iii) The probability of an impossible event is (a)40 (b) 60
(c) 45 (d) r0
(iu) Probability-. of an event (ii) The class mark of the class 4G-50 is
Number of favourable outromes (a) 42.5 (b) 40
(c) 46 @) 5

DATA HANDUNG 73

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(ili) The upper limit of the class 60-70 is Q4, Complete the following cross-puzde:
(a) 60 (b) 70 q
(c) 65 (d) none ofthese o A
(iu) The probability ofa sure event is O-t @
(o) 0 (b) 2 I R I
(c) 1 (A3 @ @
Tte probability ofan impossible event is
(u) I +
(a)0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d)3
Q3. The given pie chart represents the food liking
of270 studenLs ofa school. Read the chart and
answer the following questions.
(j) How many studenLs like poories?
Drnecrrors
(ii) How many students like dosa?
(1) There are three graphs to represent the given
(iii) What p€rcentage ofstudents like pizza?
data. Bar graph, _ and pie chart.
(iu) How many more students like Poori than
(2) _ has equal width with equal gaps in
Dosa?
between the bars.
Pizia (3) The maximum of an event is 1.
Poori Pasta
(4) Ifa die is rolled once, the total _ is 6.
720" ,15
(5) Ifa coin is tossed
- once, the _ outcome of
getting a head is 1.
Rice
Doss 90 (6) In a the data are divided in central
60"
angles.

-
ANSWERS

r. {i) ;1 (ii) I (iii) 0 3. (i) 90 (ii) 45

1
Qii) t2 ,EO
(iu) total number of outcomes (o) 45
1
(u) I (ui) i2 41. (1) HISTOGRAM (2) BARGRAPH
2. (i) (d) (iil b) (iii) (b) (3) PROBABILITY (4) OLTTCOME
(iu) (c) (u) (a) (5) FAVOI.JRABIJ (6) PIECHART

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